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Al-Taee, Majid Abdulwahid. "A synchronous ultrasonically modulated drive system incorporating a permanent magnet machine." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314513.
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Lovelace, Edward Carl Francis. "Optimization of a magnetically saturable interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine drive." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9085.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 258-263).
Interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines are attractive because they can achieve constant-power operation over a wide speed range with limited magnet strength requirements and reduced power electronics cost. These characteristics provide the IPM machine with advantages over alternative machine types in applications such as spindle and traction drives. An important challenge for high-performance IPM machine design is to model the magnetic saturation of the core in a manner that is accurate, flexible, and computationally fast for design optimization. A magnetically-saturable lumped parameter model (LPM) is developed for the optimized design of high-performance IPM synchronous machine drives. Using equivalent magnetic circuit analyses, the dq-frame inductances and magnet flux linkage are calculated for transversely-laminated IPM machines. The lumped parameters are employed to predict machine drive system performance for both rated-torque and constant-power operation. The results of saturable model calculations and finite element analysis (FEA) match very closely for the machine inductances, magnet flux linkage, and converted torque. Further validation is presented by comparing measurements of existing experimental machines to predictions from the saturable lumped parameter model. Agreement of measurements and predictions for the highly nonlinear saturable q-axis inductance is within 5% in the saturated excitation range. The utility of the saturable LPM is then demonstrated by developing a cost-optimized design for an automotive integrated starter/generator (ISG) that is rated at 4 to 6 kW during generating operation. This ISG machine is mounted in a direct-drive mechanical configuration on the engine crankshaft. Agreement between the saturable LPM and FEA calculations for q- and d- axis inductances and PM flux linkage are all within 5% for the entire excitation range. Results of this model have been combined with structural FEA and demagnetization studies to produce a machine design that is predicted to meet all key ISG performance requirements. For this application and the chosen cost model, it is shown that optimizing the combined machine and drive system versus optimizing only the machine reduces the overall cost prediction by 12%.
by Edward Carl Francis Lovelace.
Ph.D.
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Wang, Bo. "A triple redundant 3x3-phase fault tolerant permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine drive." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19803/.
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Fault tolerant machine drives are key enabling technologies for safety critical applications such as electric vehicle traction, and aerospace power generation, actuation and propulsion. High performance in healthy conditions and excellent fault tolerance against various faults are required for a fault tolerant drive, however, these two aspects usually conflict with each other. Thus, this PhD study aims to develop a fault tolerant machine drive which exhibits high performance and good fault tolerance, and can be realised in a simple and cost-effective manner. First, a novel triple redundant 3x3-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMA SynRM) with segregated windings is proposed. Its performance under healthy conditions and its ability to tolerate various faults with appropriate mitigation measures are investigated and assessed. Based on outcomes of the investigation, a 40kW machine is designed to tolerate all key electrical faults, including the worst single turn short circuit, and is optimised to maximise the efficiency in healthy conditions whilst satisfying the electrical, thermal and mechanical constraints. To analyse and realise a fault tolerant machine drive, fault modelling and fault detection techniques are essential. Thus, a general model is proposed based on the magneto-motive force (MMF) decomposition. The model is capable of predicting the machine behaviour in various operation modes, including the healthy condition, open circuit, short circuit and inter-turn short circuit fault with different number of turns and different coil locations. With the aid of the fault modelling technique, a turn fault detection technique is developed using the 2nd harmonics in the instantaneous reactive and active powers as fault indicators for motoring and generating modes, respectively. By cross-reference of the fault indicators of the three 3-phase sets, the technique can detect the turn fault during transient without false alarm. The optimised machine drive is constructed and the developed fault detection technique together with fault mitigation strategies is implemented in a DSP based controller. The performance of the drive under healthy conditions and its fault tolerant capability are validated by extensive tests. The accuracy of the fault modelling and the effectiveness of the detection technique are also experimentally evaluated. The test results demonstrate that the developed fault tolerant machine drive can be a competitive candidate for safety critical applications.
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Ahmed, Adeeb. "Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drive System." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375726072.
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Manakshya, Nikhil. "Permanent magnet synchronous machine using ferrite vs rare earth magnets : how do they compare?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302658.
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Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM are considered as viable options for automotive and traction applications. Rare earth magnets such as Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB is the most common choice in the PMSM for electric vehicles to achieve high power density machines. However, rare earth magnets are problematic from ethical and sustainability perspectives. From these perspectives, there are better magnet alternatives, such as ferrites. Ferrite magnets are well known for lower environmental impact, abundance and low cost. Due to a lower residual flux density of a ferrite magnet than that of a rare earth magnet, a larger amount of ferrite magnets are needed to achieve the same performance. This master thesis is aimed to compare a PMSM using NdFeB magnets with a PMSM using ferrite magnets in terms of different parameters such as torque production, power factor, drive cycle efficiency, losses mapping, cost, and environmental impact. The machines are designed based on the Volvo XC40 vehicle requirements. In order to compare both the machines, ferrite based machine with different types of rotor structures such as arc and spoke type configurations are designed in Ansys Maxwell and compared with the reference PMSM holding NdFeB magnet. The demagnetisation study was performed on the ferrite magnets at lower temperature in order to investigate the feasibility of the design. In order to reduce the risk of demagnetisation, a parametric analysis of the rotor structure has been conducted. Furthermore, the mechanical integrity was investigated at top speed.Permanent magnet-synkronmaskiner (PMSM) betraktas som lönsamma alternativ för fordons och dragapplikationer. Sällsynta jordartsmagneter som Neodymiumbor (NdFeB) är det vanligaste valet i PMSM för elfordon att uppnå maskiner med hög effektdensitet. Sällsynta jordartsmagneter är emellertid problematiska ur etiska perspektiv och hållbarhetsperspektiv. Ur dessa perspektiv finns det bättre magnetalternativ, såsom ferriter. Ferrit är välkänt för lägre miljöpåverkan, överflöd och låga kostnader. På grund av låg restflödestäthet hos en ferritmagnet än en sällsynt jordartsmagnet behövs en större mängd ferritmagneter för att uppnå samma prestanda. Detta examensarbete syftar till att jämföra en PMSM med hjälp av NdFeB-magneter med en PMSM som använder ferritmagneter i termer av olika prestandaparametrar såsom vridmomentproduktion, effektfaktor, drivcykeleffektivitet, kartläggning av förluster, kostnad och miljöpåverkan. Maskinerna är designade baserat på Volvo XC40 fordons krav. För att jämföra båda maskinerna utformas ferritbaserad maskin med olika typer av rotorstruktur, såsom båg- och ekertypskonfiguration i Ansys Maxwell och jämförs med referensen PMSM som håller NdFeB-magneten. Demagnetiseringsstudien utfördes på ferritmagneterna vid lägre temperatur för att undersöka designens genomförbarhet. För att minska risken för demagnetisering har den parametriska analysen av rotorstrukturen genomförts. Dessutom undersöktes mekanisk integritet i toppfart.
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Almarhoon, Ali. "Sensorless control of dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine drives." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15888/.
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Zhang, Zhendong. "PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE BASED TRACTION DRIVE DESIGN FOR HYBRID SCOOTER CONSIDERING CONTROL NONLINEARITIES AND COMPENSATIONS." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376667289.
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Ren, Yuan. "Direct torque control of dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine drives." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12190/.
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Bennett, Nicholas. "A vector controlled AC drive incorporating an ultrasonic voltage source inverter and a permanent magnet synchronous machine." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240472.
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Wang, Yuanlin [Verfasser]. "Contributions to optimize the control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives / Yuanlin Wang." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138177164/34.
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Zhan, Hanlin. "Open winding permanent magnet synchronous machine drives with particular reference to zero sequence." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18230/.
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Meier, Florence. "Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines with Non-Overlapping Concentrated Windings for Low-Speed Direct-Drive Applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektriska maskiner och effektelektronik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4879.
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Many geared electric drives can benefit from removing the gearbox and driving directly the load at low speed using a permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). PMSMs with non-overlapping concentrated windings are particularly attractive in low-speed direct drives since they allow, among other advantages, a high number of poles with a limited number of slots. Therefore, this thesis is dedicated to PMSMs with non-overlapping concentrated windings designed for low-speed directdrive applications.First, the design features specific to PMSMs with non-overlapping concentrated windings are presented and illustrated with examples based on finite-element (FE) simulations. Especially, it is shown that the selections of the stator core manufacturing method, the number of winding layers, the combination of pole and slot numbers, and the geometry of the tooth tips are crucial during the design stage of the machine.Second, the benefits of removing the gearbox in a 4.5 kW, 50 rpm mixer used in a waste-water treatment plant are investigated. With its PMSM having buried ferrite magnets and concentrated windings, the designed direct-drive mixer has a higher efficiency than the commercialized geared mixer, but it is also heavier and more expensive due to the larger required housing, shaft and seals. In addition, the cost of the stator core and coil assembly was also higher than expected. Therefore, the difficulties in manufacturing a stator core with concentrated windings are investigated. Mainly due to economical aspects, no prototype motor has been built for the direct-drive mixer.Finally, measurements on a prototype motor at disposal having a large constantpower speed range are performed. Three methods to measure the inductances without using a position sensor are provided and compared. One of the methods is a new test at load conditions to determine the inductance without the knowledge of the rotor position. Results from this method agree well with a conventional blocked rotor test, as well as with results from 3D-FE simulations. Furthermore, the measurements of the magnetic flux obtained with search coils placed in different parts of the stator are analyzed. The analysis allows highlighting the zigzag flux flowing from one magnet to another through a tooth tip, which is characteristic of PMSMs with non-overlapping concentrated windings. It is shown that this zigzag flux leakage causes high iron losses in the tooth tips that represent approximately 50% of the stator iron losses under field weakening operation. Using these measurements, the 3D-FE model of the prototype is also validated thoroughly.QC 20100826
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Arafat, AKM. "ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF FIVE-PHASE PERMANENT MAGNET ASSISTED SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE UNDER FAULTS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1524168102423576.
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Sun, Tianfu. "Efficiency optimised control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM) drives for electric vehicle tractions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13610/.
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Meinguet, Fabien. "Fault-tolerant permanent-magnet synchronous machine drives: fault detection and isolation, control reconfiguration and design considerations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209757.
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The need for efficiency, reliability and continuous operation has lead over the years to the development of fault-tolerant electrical drives for various industrial purposes and for transport applications. Permanent-magnet synchronous machines have also been gaining interest due to their high torque-to-mass ratio and high efficiency, which make them a very good candidate to reduce the weight and volume of the equipment.In this work, a multidisciplinary approach for the design of fault-tolerant permanent-magnet synchronous machine drives is presented.
The drive components are described, including the electrical machine, the IGBT-based two-level inverter, the capacitors, the sensors, the controller, the electrical source and interfaces. A literature review of the failure mechanisms and of the reliability model of most of these components is performed. This allows understanding how to take benefit of the redundancy generally introduced in fault-tolerant systems.
A necessary step towards fault tolerance is the modelling of the electrical drive, both in healthy and faulty operations. A general model of multi-phase machines (with a number of phases equal to or larger than three) and associated converters is proposed. Next, control algorithms for multi-phase machines are derived. The impact of a closed-loop controller upon the occurrence of faults is also examined through simulation analysis and verified by experimental results.
Condition monitoring of electrical machines has expanded these last decades. New techniques relying on various measurements have emerged, which allow a better planning of maintenance operations and an optimization of the uptime of electrical machines. Regarding drives, a number of sensors are inherently present for control and basic protection functions. The utilization of these sensors for advanced condition monitoring is thus particularly interesting since they are available at no cost.
A novel fault detection and isolation scheme based on the available measurements (phase currents, DC-link voltage and mechanical position) is developed and validated experimentally. Change-detection algorithms are used for this purpose. Special attention is paid to sensor faults as well, what avoids diagnosis errors.
Fault-tolerant control can be implemented with passive and active approaches. The former consists in deriving a control scheme that gives acceptable performance for all operating conditions, including faulty conditions. The latter consists in applying dedicated solutions upon the occurrence of faults, i.e. by reconfiguring the control. Both approaches are investigated and implemented.
Finally, design considerations are discussed throughout the thesis. The advantages and drawbacks of various topologies are analyzed, which eventually leads to the design of a five-phase fault-tolerant permanent-magnet synchronous machine.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Sarikhani, Ali. "Design Optimization of Modern Machine-drive Systems for Maximum Fault Tolerant and Optimal Operation." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/766.
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Modern electric machine drives, particularly three phase permanent magnet machine drive systems represent an indispensable part of high power density products. Such products include; hybrid electric vehicles, large propulsion systems, and automation products. Reliability and cost of these products are directly related to the reliability and cost of these systems. The compatibility of the electric machine and its drive system for optimal cost and operation has been a large challenge in industrial applications. The main objective of this dissertation is to find a design and control scheme for the best compromise between the reliability and optimality of the electric machine-drive system. The effort presented here is motivated by the need to find new techniques to connect the design and control of electric machines and drive systems.
A highly accurate and computationally efficient modeling process was developed to monitor the magnetic, thermal, and electrical aspects of the electric machine in its operational environments. The modeling process was also utilized in the design process in form finite element based optimization process. It was also used in hardware in the loop finite element based optimization process. The modeling process was later employed in the design of a very accurate and highly efficient physics-based customized observers that are required for the fault diagnosis as well the sensorless rotor position estimation. Two test setups with different ratings and topologies were numerically and experimentally tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
The modeling process was also employed in the real-time demagnetization control of the machine. Various real-time scenarios were successfully verified. It was shown that this process gives the potential to optimally redefine the assumptions in sizing the permanent magnets of the machine and DC bus voltage of the drive for the worst operating conditions.
The mathematical development and stability criteria of the physics-based modeling of the machine, design optimization, and the physics-based fault diagnosis and the physics-based sensorless technique are described in detail.
To investigate the performance of the developed design test-bed, software and hardware setups were constructed first. Several topologies of the permanent magnet machine were optimized inside the optimization test-bed. To investigate the performance of the developed sensorless control, a test-bed including a 0.25 (kW) surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine example was created. The verification of the proposed technique in a range from medium to very low speed, effectively show the intelligent design capability of the proposed system. Additionally, to investigate the performance of the developed fault diagnosis system, a test-bed including a 0.8 (kW) surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine example with trapezoidal back electromotive force was created. The results verify the use of the proposed technique under dynamic eccentricity, DC bus voltage variations, and harmonic loading condition make the system an ideal case for propulsion systems.
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Camacho, Silva Leandro. "Modeling and Design of the Electric Drivetrain for the 2013 Research Concept Vehicle." Thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133353.
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The research for electric vehicles has been growing during last years and the development of electric drive trains can be considered a main challenge. This thesis presents the electric drive train of the research concept vehicle (RCV) 2013, with particular focus on electric machines, motor controllers, and the communication system. In the first part of this thesis, the electric drive train configuration and components are described. In-wheel motors are proposed which is a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This technology allows the use of autonomous corner modules (ACM) increasing the quality and safety of the system. Each of the four in-wheel motors has a controller enabling the use of torque or speed control mode. Furthermore, a dSPACE unit provides the total control of the system by CAN bus. Additionally, the dSPACE ControlDesk interface used to control the drive system is presented. In the second part, the heat sink of the AC Drive is investigated by measurements and analytical calculations. Furthermore, the motor temperature at different loads is also presented and discussed. Finally, the efficiency of an in-wheel motor (PRA 230) is studied. Also the efficiency of the motor controller is estimated and discussed.
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Diao, El Hadji Sidath. "Fault Tolerant Control for Critical machine-inverter systems used in automotive industry." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112311/document.
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La disponibilité de certains capteurs est indispensable pour le contrôle des machines électriques dans une application automobile. Cette thèse constitue une contribution à l'étude d'une commande tolérante aux défauts pour un entraînement électrique dans le cadre du projet SOFRACI. Pour pallier une défaillance de ces capteurs, des stratégies sont mises en place pour assurer une continuité de fonctionnement ou un arrêt sûr. Dans le cas de la machine synchrone, les capteurs les plus critiques sont: le capteur de position, les capteurs de courant et le capteur de bus de tension continue. C'est dans ce contexte que l'on a développé des algorithmes de commande tolérante aux défauts avec successivement des étapes de détection, d'isolation et de reconfiguration. Ensuite, la validation expérimentale a été effectuée sur un banc composé d’une machine synchrone et d’un onduleur avec 3 ponts H conçus pour la propulsion d’un véhicule électrique. Ainsi les méthodes développées et qui s’appuient principalement sur la théorie du contrôle, sont évaluées expérimentalement à travers des injections de défauts en temps réel, avec un accent mis sur le temps nécessaire à la détectionDuring the last decade, Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) has become an increasingly interesting topic in automotive industry. The operation of electrical drives is highly dependent on feedback sensors availability. With the aim of reaching the required level of availability in transportation applications, the drive is equipped with a DC voltage sensor, three current sensors (due to safety requirements in electric vehicle standards) and a position sensor. This PhD is a contribution to the study of an electrical drive fault tolerant control. The objective is to have a system, which can adaptively reorganizes itself at a sensor failure occurrence. Consequently, strategies are defined from the early preliminary design steps, so as to facilitate fault detection, fault isolation and control reconfiguration. To this purpose, our work goes from theoretical studies toward experimental validations through the model simulation using control theory.In this thesis, FTC algorithms are developed for the rotor position, the phase currents and DC link voltage sensors. The experimentally validation is perform with an electrical drive composed of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine and a 3H bridge inverter. Thus, the developed methods are evaluated experimentally through real time fault injection, with an emphasis on the detection time
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Zhao, Shuang. "Analysis and Control Aspects of a PMSynRel Drive in a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-139592.
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This thesis deals withmodeling and control of an electric drive equipped with a permanentmagnet assisted synchronous reluctance (PMSynRel) machine for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application. In the first part of the thesis, a special use of the PMSynRel machine in consideration, known as an integrated charger concept, is investigated. The integrated charger feature allows using the PMSynRel machine as a part of the vehicle’s on-board charging system when charging the battery from the grid. A finite-element based analysis is performed providing important insights into the machine operation during the charging process. Dynamic models are developed that facilitate the controller development and the estimation of the efficiency during charging. In the second part of the thesis, position sensorless control of the PMSynRel drive when applied in an automotive application is considered and analyzed thoroughly. First, a fundamental-excitation based rotor-position estimation technique is investigated. The study shows that the impact of current dynamics on the resulting torque dynamics has to be considered in some very demanding applications. Second, focus is put on signalinjection based sensorless control methods. Impacts of nonlinearities, such as magnetic saturation, cross-saturation and inductance spatial harmonics, on sensorless control performance are investigated and methods to improve the sensorless control quality are summarized and presented. An approach to determine the feasible region for operating sensorless at low-speeds without directly measuring the differential inductances is proposed. For the PMSynRel drive in consideration, the achievable maximum torque is limited when operating sensorless following the maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) current reference trajectory at low-speeds. An optimization approach is therefore proposed which extends the output torque when operating sensorless while still maintaining a relatively high efficiency. To initialize the sensorless control correctly from standstill, the impact of the saturated magnetic bridges in the rotor is also investigated. Finally, torsional drive-train oscillations and active damping schemes are considered. An off-vehicle setup for implementing and evaluating different active damping schemes is proposed. Of particular interest for sensorless operation in automotive applications, the impact of slow speed estimation on the possibility to achieve good active damping control is investigated and a design approach that allows the implementation of an active damping scheme using estimated speed is suggested.QC 20140114
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Falk, Olson Gustaf. "Power Electronic Stages for a TFPMSM in Wave Power Applications." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-194201.
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Direct drive wave energy conversion systems have been identified as a potentially major contributor to the world’s energy demands, forecasting shares of up to 25 % of the energy mix. Anders Hagnestål conducts research at the Royal Institute of Technology where a novel linear transverse flux permanent magnet generator is developed. This concept machine is particularly well-suited for the pertaining operating conditions in marine environments, producing large forces at low speeds with outstandingly low resistive losses. However, it exhibits severe magnetic saturation and draws unsymmetrical phase currents at nominal operation. In addition, it possesses a low power factor. All in all, this places stern requirements on the power electronic system and control algorithms. The aim of this thesis has been to design a functioning power conditioning system that connects the machine to the electric grid. For this purpose, a three-phase two-level voltage source converter is proposed to be back-to-back connected with two-level single-phase voltage source converters (active rectifiers) interfacing each and every machine phase. It is shown that the intermediate DC link can be maintained at a constant voltage with restricted ripple while feeding power at unity power factor to the grid by appropriately sizing the DC capacitor and adopting a feedback linearization control scheme. The phase currents can be controlled effectively by means of a cascaded gain-scheduled PID controller. By including a low-pass filter the iron losses in the machine may be suppressed even at lower switching frequencies. A constrained cost optimization indicates that the converter consequently can reach 99.1 % efficiency. Finally, with this thesis as a background, it is suggested that the thermal stresses on the selected semiconductor modules and the iron losses of the machine are evaluated to further improve the design. If higher efficiency of the active rectifiers is strived for, more complex converter topologies could be considered.Direktdrivna vågenergiomvandlingssystem har utpekats som en potentiellt starkt bidragande resurs för att tillgodose världens efterfrågan på energi med andelar på uppemot 25 % av energimixen förutspådda. Anders Hagnestål bedriver forskning och utveckling av en ny typ av linjär permanentmagnetiserad transversalflödesmaskin vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan. Konceptmaskinen är särskilt väl lämpad för de rådande marina förhållandena genom att kunna producera stora krafter vid låga hastigheter med utomordentligt låga resistiva förluster. Maskinen går emellertid i kraftig magnetisk mättnad och drar asymmetriska strömmar vid nominell drift. Dessutom är effektfaktorn låg i jämförelse med standardmaskiner. Alltsomallt inför detta hårda krav på det effektelektroniska systemet och kontrollalgoritmerna. Målet med detta examensarbete har varit att designa ett funktionellt effektkonditioneringssystem som sammanfogar maskinen med det angränsande elektriska nätet. För att åstadkomma detta föreslås att en tvånivås-trefasomriktare kopplas rygg-mot-rygg till tvånivås-enfasomvandlare (aktiva likriktare) som i sin tur är kopplade till varje maskinfas. Med den här konfigurationen visas det att spänningen på den mellanliggande DC-länken kan hållas konstant med begränsat rippel, alltmedan effekt tillförs nätet vid effektfaktor ett genom att dimensionera DC-kondensatorn på rätt sätt och använda en kontrollag baserad på exakt linjärisering. Maskinens fasströmmar kan kontrolleras effektivt med hjälp av en kaskadkopplad PID-regulator med schemalagda förstärkningsfaktorer. Genom att inkludera ett lågpassfilter förväntas det att järnförlusterna i maskinen kan begränsas även vid lägre switchfrekvenser. Genom att lösa ett kostnadsoptimeringsproblem visas det att den resulterande aktiva likriktaren kan uppnå en verkningsgrad på 99.1 %. Slutligen, med det här examensarbetet som grund, föreslås det att den termiska stressen på de valda halvledarkomponentsmodulerna och järnförlusterna i maskinen utvärderas för att ytterligare förbättra designen. Om högre verkningsgrad eftersträvas hos de aktiva likriktarna kan mer komplicerade omvandlartopologier övervägas.
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Messali, Amir. "Contribution to Rotor Position and Speed Estimation for Synchronous Machine Drive Using High Frequency Voltage Injection : Application to EV/HEV Powertrains." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0048.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de la chaire Renault/Centrale Nantes sur l’amélioration des performances des véhicules électriques (EV/HEV). Elle est dédiée à la problématique de l’estimation de la position/vitesse des moteurs synchrones à aimants permanents (MSAP) sans capteur mécanique, en utilisant les techniques d’injection de signaux haute fréquence (HF) sur toute la plage de vitesse des MSAP. Dans ce cadre, plusieurs contributions ont été proposées dans les parties de démodulation/traitement du signal et d’algorithmes de poursuite des techniques d’injection HF, afin d’améliorer l’estimation de la position/vitesse des MSAP par rapport aux méthodes existantes. Dans la partie démodulation/traitement du signal des techniques d’injection HF, les contributions ont consisté à proposer des solutions originales permettant de réduire les effets de filtrage dans la chaine d’estimation et de rendre cette dernière indépendante des paramètres (électriques) de la machine. Dans la partie poursuite, les contributions portent essentiellement sur l’exploitation de la fonction signe de l’erreur de position (à la place de l’erreur de position) comme information de mesure, pour estimer la position, la vitesse et l’accélération des MSAP sans capteurs mécaniques avec des observateurs par modes glissants d’ordre 1 (classiques, étapes par étapes et adaptatifs). Les contributions proposées dans les deux parties ont pour avantages d’une part, de robustifier la chaine d’estimation en la rendant indépendante des paramètres électriques et mécaniques. Et d’autre part, d’améliorer la précision et les performances de la chaine d’estimation, et par conséquent du contrôle des MSAP sans capteurs mécaniques, dans les phases transitoires et en régimes permanents avec une méthode de réglage aisée. Les méthodes d’estimation développées ont été testées en simulation et en expérimentation sur un banc d’essai de machines électriques. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de mettre en évidence les performances de ces méthodes en terme de suivi de trajectoire et de robustesse sur toute la plage de fonctionnement des MSAP sans capteurs mécaniquesThis thesis is part of the Renault / Centrale Nantes Chair on improving the performance of electric vehicles (EV / HEV). It is dedicated to the problem of estimating the position / speed of self-sensing permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) without mechanical sensors, using high frequency (HF) signal injection techniques over the full speed range of PMSM. In this context, several contributions have been proposed in the demodulation / signal processing and tracking algorithms parts of HF injection techniques, in order to improve the estimation of the position / speed of the MSAP compared to the existing methods. In the demodulation / signal processing part of the HF injection techniques, the contributions consisted of proposing original solutions making it possible to reduce the filtering effects in the estimation chain and to make the latter independent of the electrical machine parameters. In the tracking part, the contributions mainly concern the use of the function sign of the position error (instead of the position error) as measurement information, to estimate the position, the speed and the acceleration of self-sensing PMSM with firstorder sliding mode observers (conventional, step-by-step and adaptive). The contributions proposed in both parts have the advantages of robustifying the estimation chain by making it independent of electrical and mechanical parameters on the one hand. On the other hand, they allow improving the accuracy and performance of the estimation chain, and therefore the control of self-sensing PMSM, in transient and steady-state phases with an easy tuning method. The estimation methods developed were tested in simulation and experimentation on a test bench of electrical machines. The results obtained made it possible to highlight the performances of these methods in terms of trajectory tracking and robustness over the entire operating range of PMSM self-sensing control
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Ibtiouene, Rachid. "Contribution au dimensionnement électromagnétique d'une machine synchrone autopilotée à aimants insérés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL109N.
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Le coût relativement élevé des aimants modernes incite à en minimiser la taille tout en conservant des performances acceptables pour la machine. D'autre part, la machine doit être adaptée à son alimentation. Dans cette optique, nous avons développé des modèles d'étude permettant de déterminer l'influence des paramètres géométriques d'un moteur synchrone autopiloté à aimants insérés dans l'armature rotorique (le cas limite d'un rotor lisse ainsi que le couple de détente sont également étudiés). Les méthodes proposées constituent une contribution à la définition des paramètres optimaux
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Zhao, Shuang. "Modeling and Control of a PMSynRel Drive for a Plug-InHybrid Electric Vehicle." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Elektriska maskiner och effektelektronik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-40832.
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This thesis presents two transient models for a prototype integrated charger for use in a plug-in hybrid-electrical vehicle application. The models can be useful in order to develop control algorithms for the system or to recommend improvements to the machine design. A flux map based method, obtaining input data from simulations using the finite element method (FEM) is used to model the grid synchronization process. The grid side voltage can then be predicted by incorporating spatial flux linkage harmonics. The model is implemented in Matlab/Simulink and compared to stand alone FEM simulations with good agreement. The charging process is modeled using an inductance based model also requiring FEM simulations as input data. Since the flux linkages in the grid and inverter side windings are dependent on each other, the presented transient model is linearized around a specific operating point. This model is also implemented in a Matlab/Simulink environment. Sensorless control of a PMSynRel drive is also studied in this thesis. Focus is put on operating limits due to magnetic saturation when operating at low speeds. The rotating and pulsating voltage vector injection methods for sensorless control are studied in detail. A technique to map the feasible sensorless control region is proposed which utilizes the resulting position error signal rather than data of differential inductances. This technique is implemented experimentally and compared to corresponding FEM simulations with good agreement. The impact of spatial inductance harmonics on the quality of the position estimates is also studied. A method to predict the maximum position estimation error due to the inductance harmonics is proposed based on simplified analytical models. A technique is presented and experimentally verified which can compensate for this effect by injecting a modified rotating voltage carrier. Lastly, the impact of saturation in the rotor structure on the initial magnet polarity detection is investigated. The experimental results, in good agreement with the corresponding FEM simulations, indicate that the impact of saturation in the magnet bridges of rotor is the dominant phenomenon at lower peak current magnitudes.QC 20110928
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Kruger, Gert Lodewikus. "Implementation and evaluation of V/f and vector control in high–speed PMSM drives / Kruger G.L." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7609.
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The McTronX research group, at the Potchefstroom campus of the North–West University, has
been researching Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs). A fully suspended, flywheel energy storage
system (FESS) has been developed. Due to excessive unbalance on the rotor, the motor drive
could not be tested up to its rated speed. In the interim, until the rotor can be balanced and
other rotor dynamic effects have been investigated, the group decided that the existing drive
control should be improved and tested on a high–speed permanent magnet synchronous motor
(PMSM), using normal roller element bearings.
In order to test the motor control a second (identical) PMSM, mechanically coupled to the
former, operates in generator mode which serves as the torque load. Two different control algorithms,
namely V/f and vector control, are designed and implemented on a rapid control
prototyping system, i.e. dSPACE®. The V/f control is an open–loop, position sensorless technique,
whilst the vector controller makes use of a position sensor.
From the design and implementation it became clear that the vector control is more robust,
in the sense that it is less sensitive on parameter variations and disturbances. It can start up
reliably even under full load conditions.
The V/f control is an attractive alternative to the vector control, especially in AMB systems,
where it may be difficult to mount the position sensor, has to operate in a hazardous environment
not suited to the sensor or could degrade the reliability of the AMB system. The cost of the
position sensor is not really a concern compared to the cost of an AMB system. The V/f control
is more suited to fan and pump applications, which has a low dynamic requirement. The V/f
control has high startup currents and is not recommended for applications requiring a high
starting torque or fast acceleration during operation.
The inverter, which drives the PMSM, also had to be developed. With regard to the motor
control, the effects of inverter non–idealities had to be accounted, especially for the V/f control.
The implemented control algorithms were tested up to 20 krpm. Discrepancies between the expected
and actual results are discussed. Overall, the controllers performed as desired. Generally,
the project goals have been reached satisfactorily.Thesis (M.Ing. (Computer and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Schad, Judah, Cameron Nichols, and Katelyn Brinker. "Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Variable Frequency Drive System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627008.
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This paper discusses a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) variable frequency drive (VFD) system developed for an all-terrain Wifi-HaLow connected (802.11ah, 900 MHz) modular electric vehicle that competed in the Mars University Rover Challenge (URC). The quadrature axis flux linkage for each motor was estimated using on-board voltage and current measurements. A synchronous control algorithm tracked the electromagnetic operating parameters, which are highly dependent on variations in motor construction and load conditions. A feed-forward model-driven observer solution calculated flux linkage angles by direct-quadrature-zero transformation of three-phase shunt currents using DSP processors.
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Monteiro, José Roberto Boffino de Almeida. "Transformação dq não senoidal para máquinas síncronas com imã permanente no rotor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-24092015-135013/.
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O presente trabalho apresenta uma transformação dq não senoidal e sua aplicação em máquinas síncronas com ímã permanente na superfície do rotor (MSIP) e forma de onda de FEM não senoidal. O modelo resultante da aplicação dessa transformação permite o controle direto do torque eletromagnético, permitindo reduzir as ondulações do torque produzido nesse tipo de máquina. A redução dessas ondulações em MSIPs não senoidais possibilita que esse tipo de máquina seja empregado em aplicações onde somente MSIPs senoidais, que possuem custo mais elevado, poderiam ser usadas. Simulações e resultados práticos, obtidos pela implementação do sistema de controle vetorial não senoidal desenvolvido, são apresentados no trabalho. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se verificar que o método proposto é eficaz na redução das ondulações do torque eletromagnético em MSIPs não senoidais.This work presents a non-sinusoidal dq transformation and its application in permanent- magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) with a non-sinusoidal back-EMF waveform. The resulting model of the application of such transformation permits direct control of machine electromagnetic torque, which achieves the reduction of torque ripple. The reduction of torque ripple in non-sinusoidal PMSMs makes possible the use of this kind of PMSM instead of sinusoidal PMSMs, which are more expensive. Simulation and practical results, obtained by the implementation of such non-sinusoidal vectorial control system, are shown in this work. Those results show that the method presented is efficacious in the torque ripple reduction in non-sinusoidal PM synchronous machines.
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Uddin, Mohammad Nasir. "Intelligent control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/NQ55128.pdf.
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Ortega, Garcia Carlos. "Direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous machines using Matrix Converters." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/22732.
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La demanda d’aplicacions industrials avançades, fa que el control de màquines elèctriques de corrent altern (AC) sigui una disciplina contínuament creixent per satisfer l’alt nivell d’exigència. Tradicionalment, la màquina d’inducció (IM) ha estat la més utilitzada en aplicacions industrials de velocitat variable, incloent-ne bombes i ventiladors, màquines tèxtils i de paper, vehicles elèctrics, generació eòlica, etc. A més dels requeriments funcionals, l’estalvi energètic és, actualment, un aspecte a tenir en compte en aplicacions de velocitat variable.
Una alternativa molt atractiva a la IM és la màquina síncrona d’imants permanents (PMSM). Entre d’altres avantatges, aquest tipus de màquines ofereixen una eficiència més elevada, alta densitat de potència i una resposta dinàmica molt ràpida. La demanda industrial de PMSM es situa en el rang de petita potència, encara que el interès en aquest tipus de màquines està creixent, en particular fins al rang dels 100 kW.
Històricament, les màquines utilitzades en aplicacions de velocitat variable han estat alimentades per inversors de potència. En els últims anys, el convertidor matricial ha esdevingut un clar competidor del inversor convencional. Un convertidor matricial és un circuit de topologia avançada capaç de convertir directament AC en AC generant una tensió de càrrega amb amplitud i freqüència variable, amb flux de potència bidireccional, formes d’ona sinusoïdal tant a l’entrada com a la sortida i operant amb factor de potència unitari a l’entrada. A més, degut a que requereix no elements inductius ni capacitius per emmagatzemar energia, el disseny del convertidor matricial és molt compacte.
Existeixen molts tipus de control per màquines de AC, essent els basats en control vectorial els més adequats per aplicacions de d’alt rendiment. Entre d’altres, el control de camp orientat i el control directe de parell son els més utilitzats. Tot i essent una de les tècniques emergents en aplicacions industrials, el control directe de parell té implícites una sèrie de limitacions que, encara avui, s’estan investigant. El treball presentat en aquesta tesi, s’endinsa en la investigació del control directe de parell per PMSM alimentats amb convertidors matricials.
Aquest, treball considera el reemplaçament del inversor convencional per un convertidor matricial, explotant les característiques d’aquest per tal de reduir el arrissat del parell i del flux en la PMSM, inherent al control directe de parell. Durant el transcurs d’aquest treball s’ha desenvolupat un nou control directe de parell utilitzant vectors curts i llargs del convertidor matricial.
Els efectes indesitjats de la tensió en mode comú, relacionada amb la utilització de convertidors de potència, és altre dels aspectes que s’aborden en aquest treball. Un algoritme molt simple que redueix la tensió en mode comú ocasionat pel control directe de parell amb convertidors matricials ha estat desenvolupat i investigat en aquesta tesi.
La principal limitació de les tècniques “sensorless” basades en models o observadors és que fallen a baixes velocitats. La necessitat d’operar a baixa velocitat o velocitat zero, ha desencadenat la investigació d’altres tècniques on s’exploren les asimetries de la màquina a partir de la injecció d’un senyal d’alta freqüència per obtenir-ne la posició del rotor. Durant aquesta tesi s’ha desenvolupat un nou algoritme de injecció d’un vector rotatori en el pla quan s’utilitza el control directe de parell.The control of AC machine drives is a continuously advancing subject satisfying increasing high performance applications demands. Induction Motor (IM) drives with cage-type machines has been the workhorses of industrial variable speed drives applications, including pumps and fans, paper and textile mills, electric vehicles, locomotive propulsion, wind generation systems, etc. In addition to performance requirements, energy saving aspects of variable speed drives is gaining attention nowadays. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM) are becoming a very attractive alternative to IM. Among other advantages, these type of machines offer higher efficiency, high power density and very fast dynamic performance. PMSM, in particular in the low power range, are already widely used in industry and recently, the interest in their application is growing, particularly up to 100 kW. Variable speed drives fed by voltage source inverters has been traditionally employed in industrial applications. In the past few years, matrix converters have emerged to become a close competitor to the conventional inverter. A matrix converter is an advanced circuit topology capable of converting AC-AC, providing generation of load voltage with arbitrary amplitude and frequency, bi-directional power flow, sinusoidal input/output waveforms, and operation under unity input power factor. Furthermore, since no inductive or capacitive elements are required, MC allows a very compact design. There are several methods to control AC machines, vector control methods being the most suitable for high performance demands. Among others, field oriented control and direct torque control are the most widely used. Although being one of the emerging control techniques for industrial applications, the direct torque control has some inherent drawbacks that are still being investigated by researchers. The work reported in this thesis is devoted to the investigation of direct torque control of PMSM drives fed by matrix converters. This work considers the replacement of the conventional voltage source inverter by a matrix converter. The features of matrix converters are exploited to reduce the inherent electromagnetic torque and stator flux ripples arising from the direct torque control driving a PMSM. A new direct torque control using small and large voltage vectors of matrix converters has been developed during the course of this work. The undesirable effects of the common mode voltage related with the utilization of the conventional voltage source inverter, like electromagnetic interferences and the machine early failures, are other issues with which this work is also concerned. A very simple algorithm to reduce the common mode voltage in direct torque control drives using matrix converters is developed and investigated in this work. The main limitation of all sensorless vector control schemes, based on the conventional fundamental frequency models or observers, is that they fail at very low speeds. The desirability to operate continuously at low or zero speed has led to another sensorless approaches where the saliency of the machine is tracked through some form of signal injection to obtain flux or position information. A new algorithm to inject a rotating vector in the a-b frame when employing a direct torque control has been developed in this thesis.
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Feilberg, Espen. "Investigation of the Doubly Fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Power Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9962.
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This master thesis treats the research of a novel generator with converter design called Doubly Fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, DF-PMSM, patented by SmartMotor. The thesis includes an introduction to the machine, a state-of-the-art survey, a hydro power case, simulations and a laboratory experiment. The DF-PMSM concept adds an important feature to fixed speed PMSM systems; the reactive power can be regulated. Compared to a direct coupled PMSM the DF-PMSM concept can add voltage control (by controlling the reactive power) in addition to active power control. The concept is based on a 6-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine where the windings are grouped into two sets of 3-phase, both situated in the stator. These winding sets are named control and power winding, named after their purpose in the design. The control winding is routed through a converter with active-front-end rectifier. It will be used to control the reactive power and the active power from the control winding. The power winding will carry most of the generated power, directly coupled and in sync with the voltages of the connected grid. The state-of-the-art survey includes constant speed and variable speed generators utilized in hydro power generation today. It also includes some general info about doubly fed and multiphase machines. The grid regulations for Norway are also investigated to give a pointer to what requirements that the DF-PMSM needs to fulfill to be connected to the grid. The machine simulations are done in LTspice where machine simulation models are developed for this purpose. Simulation of machine startup and changes is load is done. The simulation models are developed as hierarchical sub blocks that can be re used in later simulation cases. The laboratory is done with two machines in back-to-back configuration with industry standard converters. The DF-PMSM is made from a 3-phase permanent magnet machine that is rewired to a 6-phase configuration. The laboratory exercise includes start up, synchronization of the power winding to the grid, machine loading and reactive power compensation by the active front end converter. The DF-PMSM is confirmed working and design considerations are given based experience gained from working with this design. All of this information is included in this report and the further work needed before this machine is constructed and sold is sketched in the conclusion.
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Serri, Stefano <1973>. "Non-Linear Analysis and Design of Synchronous Bearingless Multiphase Permanent Magnet Machines and Drives." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6102/.
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A two-dimensional model to analyze the distribution of magnetic fields in the airgap of a PM electrical machines is studied.
A numerical algorithm for non-linear magnetic analysis of multiphase surface-mounted PM machines with semi-closed slots is developed, based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method. By using a modular structure geometry, whose the basic element can be duplicated, it allows to design whatever typology of windings distribution.
In comparison to a FEA, permits a reduction in computing time and to directly changing the values of the parameters in a user interface, without re-designing the model. Output torque and radial forces acting on the moving part of the machine can be calculated.
In addition, an analytical model for radial forces calculation in multiphase bearingless Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (SPMSM) is presented. It allows to predict amplitude and direction of the force, depending on the values of torque current, of levitation current and of rotor position. It is based on the space vectors method, letting the analysis of the machine also during transients. The calculations are conducted by developing the analytical functions in Fourier series, taking all the possible interactions between stator and rotor mmf harmonic components into account and allowing to analyze the effects of electrical and geometrical quantities of the machine, being parametrized.
The model is implemented in the design of a control system for bearingless machines, as an accurate electromagnetic model integrated in a three-dimensional mechanical model, where one end of the motor shaft is constrained to simulate the presence of a mechanical bearing, while the other is free, only supported by the radial forces developed in the interactions between magnetic fields, to realize a bearingless system with three degrees of freedom. The complete model represents the design of the experimental system to be realized in the laboratory.
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Li, Yaohua [Verfasser]. "Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine / Yaohua Li." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1081886862/34.
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Lennartsson, Alexander, and Martina Blomberg. "Fault Detection in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors using Machine Learning." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84909.
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In the aviation industry, safety and robustness are the number one priorities, which is why they use well-tested systems such as hydraulic actuators. However, drawbacks such as high weight and maintenance have pushed the industry toward newer, electrical, actuators that are more efficient and lighter. Electrical actuators, on the other hand, have some reliability issues. In particular, short circuits in the stator windings of Permanent-Magnet SynchronousMotors (PMSMs), referred to as Inter-Turn Short Faults (ITSFs), are the dominating faults, and is the focus of this thesis. ITSFs are usually challenging to detect and often do not become noticeable until the fault has propagated, and the motor is on the verge of being destroyed. This thesis investigates the possibility of detecting ITSFs in a PMSM, at an early stage when only one turn is shorted. The method is limited to finding the faults using ML algorithms. Both an experiential PMSM and a simulated model of the experimental PMSM, with the ability to induce an ITSF, were used to collect the data. Several Machine Learning (ML) models were developed, and then trained and tested with the collected data. The results show that four of the tested ML models, being: Random Forest, Gaussian SVM, KNN, and the CNN, all achieve an accuracy exceeding 95%, and that the fault can be found at an early stage in a PMSM with three coils connected in parallel in each phase. The results also show that the ML models are able to identify the ITSF when the simulated data is downsampled to the same frequency as the experimental data. We conclude that the ML models, provided in this study, can be used to detect an ITSF in a simulated PMSM, at an early stage when only one turn is shorted, and that there is great potential for them to detect ITSFs in a physical motor as well.
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Chretien, Ludovic. "POSITION SENSORLESS CONTROL OF NON-SALIENT PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145286531.
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De, Klerk Andries. "Drive implementation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor / by Andries de Klerk." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2634.
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Jayasoma, Sujitha. "An advanced drive system for permanent magnet synchronous motors using field programmable." Thesis, University of East London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532536.
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This research is concerned with the evolution of an advanced drive system for use with permanent magnet synchronous motors. The proposed drive system incorporates state-of-the art control strategies with a switching matrix current loop which is a special case of the sliding mode control loop, implemented using field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices. This significantly increases the bandwidth of the current control loop, in comparison with systems using PI current controllers and therefore improves the dynamic performance of the drive system. The hard-wired FPGA implementation of a current control loop greatly reduces the processing and computational burden imposed on the controller. Most importanUy, in contrast to the OSP technology, independent functions may be implemented without the constraint of a shared arithmetic unit. In this research a novel hard-wired algorithm implementation is proposed for advanced control of brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo-drives. The PM servomotor control system has been developed as a set of modular subsystems in the form of algorithms, which can be easily interconnected at the top-level. The novel features of the control system have been made possible by the FPGA implementation with the creation of special algorithms and multiple sampling periods. The application under study is the speed and position control of synchronous motor drives. Initially, a conventional proportional and integral (PI) speed controller was implemented to enable comparison of performance to be made with the forced dynamic control (FOC) law emerging during the final stage of the research programme, which takes advantage of the flexibility offered by digital FPGA implementation. This offers high robustness to uncertainties in the dynamics of the driven load and unknown external load torques and yields a prescribed closed-loop dynamic response to reference inputs. The proposed system not only has the prescribed mutual orthogonality between the magnetic flux and stator current vectors, but also the realisation of a chosen form of speed response transient These FOC strategies have not yet been commercially exploited and it is emphasised that the recent advances in FPGA technology render such control methods highly cost effective. It is therefore anticipated that the outcomes of the research work will provide significant benefits in the development of a new generation of high performance and competitive servo drives.
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Ofori-Tenkorang, John. "Permanent-magnet synchronous motors and associated power electronics for direct-drive vehicle propulsion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10758.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 306-310).
by John Ofori-Tenkorang.
Ph.D.
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Pina, Ortega Alejandro Jose. "Modeling and Analysis of Asymmetries in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469034099.
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Welchko, Brian A. "Contributions to the reduced cost and increased reliability of permanent magnet synchronous machine drive /." 2003. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
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Chang, Kuo-ming, and 張國明. "The Design and Implementation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive for Electronic Weight Training Machine." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02111352611840368357.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職專班
97
The weight-lifting machine is an exercise machine used for weight training. Conventional weight-lifting apparatus typically couple a stack of iron weights through a series of pulleys and levels to hand grips. The stack of iron weights are usually mounted on guide rods for vertical reciprocal movement from a rest position upwardly against gravity force to an upper position. Lifting of the weights is accomplished by the user who actuates a bar or other device operable connected to the weights. To vary the force opposing the user, the user is required to change the position of mechanical locking pin and physically add or remove weights from the stack. The time consuming and inconvenient to change the exercise force level between lifts, are some drawbacks for such a weight-lifting apparatus. To solve this problems, a closed-loop motor control system that can generate a user opposition force and more particularly simulate a weight stack, is proposed in this thesis. In order to generate a torque to oppose the user force, a PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) drive controlling system based on a microcontroller is designed and implemented in this thesis. The hardware circuits of the PMSM drive, such as AC/DC rectifier, DC link, DC/AC inverter, Hall-effect position sensors and speed encoder, are well designed, simulated and implemented. The sinusoidal PWM technique is used to control the switching of the inverter in order to reduce the torque pulsation. The software programs are written in C language and programmed based on the MPLAB development tool by Microchip technology incorporate. Finally, a prototype of weight-lifting machine based on a PMSM drive controlling system is accomplished and demonstrated in this thesis.
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You, Zih-Cing, and 游子慶. "Development of Sensorless Speed Drive for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with the Capability of Flying Start." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v3z8as.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程研究所
105
Shaft position sensor is generally used to sense the rotor position for implementation of vector control for permanent magnet synchronous machines. The shaft position senosors not only increase the cost but degrade the reliability of the drive. Elimination of the shaft position sensor can be achivied by using the machine itself as a sensor. The relevant research is known as the shaft position sensorless control technique and it can be divided into two categories: one using the spatial information in machine saliency for position estimation is called saliency-based sensorless technique and the other using electromotice force voltage for position estimation is called model-based sensorless technique. In this thesis, both techniques are investigated. Further more, according to the advantages of different methods, a control scheme which combines these two methods to facilitate a full-speed region and full-load sensorless speed drive is presented. Another challenge for the sensorless permanent magnet synchronous machine control is to start or re-start the machine when it is spinning, which is known as the flying start. This issue is important for industrial applications and particularly for EV applications, which normally requires the re-starting of the machine from error occurrence while the vehicle is still moving. In this thesis, a flying start scheme based on sensorless control technique is proposed. The proposed scheme employs saliency-based sensorless technique to estimate rotor position and velocity before the performance of current control loop restores. And then the machine is re-started by using model-based sensorless control after the performance of current control loop restores. Both the theoretical analysis and experimental verification results are presented.
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Chen, Jyh-Wei, and 陳志維. "Design, Analysis, and Driver Control of Disc-type Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Machine." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57359394507164348880.
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博士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
89
The design, analysis, and control of Disc-type Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines are presented in this dissertation. The machine is designed in order to have the features of high power density, high efficiency, direct drive without extra transmission device, simple mechanical structure, and wide operating speed range for the electric vehicle applications. The Feasible Triangle Technique for permanent magnet synchronous machine design is employed to increase torque density and reduce torque ripple. Magnetic theory and the finite element method are involved to establish machine mathematical model to simulate and analyze the proposed machine. The coupling field between rotor and stator can be analyzed from flux distribution by using three-dimensional finite element method. The numerical simulation and experimental results are used to verify the machine model and the operational characteristics of machine. The dissertation provides the procedures for design, analysis, and control of the proposed machine.
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Chi-Hsun, Lo, and 羅濟勳. "Design and Implementation of a Sensorless Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System for Washing Machines." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02014338844391236373.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
97
The thesis investigates the design and implementation of a rotor position/speed estimator and a nonlinear controller for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system. The implemented system is applied in a washing machine. First, the structure, characteristics and mathematical model of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor are discussed. Next, a rotor position/speed estimator is proposed. This estimator is simple and unrelated to the mechanical parameters of the motor. After that, a nonlinear controller is designed for the speed control system to obtain a wide adjustable speed, fast transient response and good load disturbance rejection capability. The thesis uses a digital signal processor TMS320LF2407 chip as a central control unit to execute the position/speed estimator and nonlinear controller. Experimental results show the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
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Silva, Leandro Camacho. "Modeling and Design of the Electric Drivetrain for the 2013 Research Concept Vehicle." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/40436.
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Zeid, Saad Muftah. "An analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motor drive /." 1998.
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Kuo, Chun-Ting, and 郭俊廷. "Single-Stage Step up/down Driver for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jnk5tj.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
105
In recent years, the increasing of the concentration of carbon dioxide made the greenhouse effect become seriously. The common vehicles with the internal combustion engine is one of the main reasons making the air pollution. Compared to the internal combustion engine, the electric motor can provide more clean energy. The four 12 V series-connected batteries are usually used as the power source and directly connected to the driver in common electric vehicles. When the battery voltage drops, it wouldn’t achieve the rated speed. To solve this problem, the two-stage circuit composed of a step up/down dc converter and a three-phase voltage source inverter is usually adopted as the electric vehicle's motor driver. But the two-stage topology is more complicated. Additional power loss resulted from twice power conversion would also cause lower efficiency. A single-stage step up/down Brushless DC (BLDC) motor driver is proposed in this study. The number of components and circuit complexity are reduced. The low frequency six-step square-wave control is used to reduce the switching losses. In the proposed topology, only one active switch is gated with a high frequency PWM signal for adjusting the rotation speed. The rotor position signals are fed back to calculate the motor speed for digital closed-loop control in a MCU. A 600W prototype circuit is constructed to drive a BLDC motor with rated speed 3000 rpm, and can control the speed of six sections. The maximum efficiency is 96.1 %, and the overall efficiency are maintained more than 85 %. The experimental results are given to verify the validity of the proposed driver.
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Palacios, Aurelio Antonio Pesántez. "High performance position control for permanent magnet synchronous drives." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/2795.
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In the design and test of electric drive control systems, computer simulations provide a useful way to verify the correctness and efficiency of various schemes and control algorithms before the final system is actually constructed, therefore, development time and associated costs are reduced. Nevertheless, the transition from the simulation stage to the actual implementation has to be as straightforward as possible. This document presents the design and implementation of a position control system for permanent magnet synchronous drives, including a review and comparison of various related works about non-linear control systems applied to this type of machine. The overall electric drive control system is simulated and tested in Proteus VSM software which is able to simulate the interaction between the firmware running on a microcontroller and analogue circuits connected to it. The dsPIC33FJ32MC204 is used as the target processor to implement the control algorithms. The electric drive model is developed using elements existing in the Proteus VSM library. As in any high performance electric drive system, field oriented control is applied to achieve accurate torque control. The complete control system is distributed in three control loops, namely torque, speed and position. A standard PID control system, and a hybrid control system based on fuzzy logic are implemented and tested. The natural variation of motor parameters, such as winding resistance and magnetic flux are also simulated. Comparisons between the two control schemes are carried out for speed and position using different error measurements, such as, integral square error, integral absolute error and root mean squared error. Comparison results show a superior performance of the hybrid fuzzy-logic-based controller when coping with parameter variations, and by reducing torque ripple, but the results are reversed when periodical torque disturbances are present. Finally, the speed controllers are implemented and evaluated physically in a testbed based on a brushless DC motor, with the control algorithms implemented on a dsPIC30F2010. The comparisons carried out for the speed controllers are consistent for both simulation and physical implementation.
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Lin, Chih-Hong, and 林治宏. "Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Design and Implementation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14195706868404720466.
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碩士明志科技大學
電機工程研究所
99
This thesis studies the high-quality surface permanent magnet synchronous motor drive. High-strength permanent magnets are installed on the rotor to provide rotating rotor magnetic field. Because there exist stator windings only in the stator, cooling would be easier, torque ripple becomes less, and motor’s efficiency is higher. To respond energy efficiency and carbon reduction, when the design of the high-performance motor drives is required, the following factors must be considered： high efficiency and low-power consumption. Detection of the rotor’s position is difficult before the motor is running. Therefore, a multiplexer was adopted to operate open-loop speed control firstly. Once the motor is running, the traditional vector control may be employed to achieve high-performance speed control. When the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor is operated at higher speed, the rotor magnetic field of the motor can also be weakened. To demagnetize the rotor flux in the direct axis of the motor, a current phase-angle-advancing technique is used so that the high-efficiency can be still maintained under high-speed operation. The drive was implemented by the hardware circuit to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
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Xu, Zhao-Wei, and 許肇維. "Development and Control of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24070891510591780607.
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碩士明志科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
102
This thesis using the highly efficient Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor, third harmonic current injection and current-phase advancing technologies are incorporated to effectively reduce the motor’s reactive power, improve motor’s torque and acoustic noise, directly increase its power factor, and indirectly increase its electromagnetic torque, optimize the dynamic response of the motor speed. To reduce drive cost and volume, in this thesis implementation of Programmable System-On-Chip(PSOC) as the control core with surrounding components based on a Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method。Its energy conservation for the future application of automation industry will have considerable benefit.
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Chen, Hui Ju, and 陳暉儒. "Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Circuit Design and Vector Control." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79697445431012091369.
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碩士大葉大學
電機工程學系
101
This paper focuses on space vector modulation based sinusoidal current driver control of permanent magnet brushless DC motor, and build a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system with Microchip's digital signal processor (DSP) dsPIC30F2010 as a control core. First, Hall Effect sensors are captured, rotor position and speed information are provided, and then digital signal processor is used to calculate the required parameters, such as amplitude, period, phase of reference voltage vector. Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) technique is adopted to generate six independent PWM signals sending to the inverter, and driving permanent magnet brushless DC motor. The experimental results show the feasibility of the control method. The driver is able to generate the appropriate current to drive motor, and adjusting the motor speed.
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Shan, Lin Yueh, and 林岳杉. "Adaptive Variable-Structure Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21662486014233661678.
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碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
86
Adaptive and variable-structure controllers are designed to enhancethe robustness of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive systemwith regard to external load disturbance and plant parameter variations inthis thesis. First, a robust controller, which combines the merits of integral-proportional (IP) position control and adaptive control, is designed.Then, a novel sliding mode controller with an integral-operation switchingsurface and an adaptive sliding mode controller, in which a simple adaptivealgorithm is utilized to estimate the bound of uncertainties, are investigated.Moreover, a newly designed variable-structure controller, a variable-structure adaptive (VSA) controller and a variable-structure direct adaptive (VSDA)controller, are introduced. In both the VSA and VSDA, simple adaptive algorithmsare utilized to estimate the uncertainty bounds. Numerical simulation andexperimental results are presented to show that the proposed controllers aresuitable for the PM synchronous motor drive system with enhanced controlcharacteristics.