Journal articles: 'Permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM)'

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Wang, Keyi, and Heyun Lin. "Modular Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Low Space Harmonic Content." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 3924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153924.

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Modularity technique is desirable in large permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) because it facilitates manufacture, assembly, and maintenance. Although the PMSMs with fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCWs) allow their stators to be modularized, they usually suffer from high nonworking space harmonic content. The PMSMs with various reported two-slot pitch windings (TSPWs) show much lower nonworking space harmonic content, but they do not support stator modularity. This paper proposes a modular PMSM with a special dual three-phase (DTP) TSPW, which exhibits quite low nonworking space harmonic content. First, the topology of the proposed machine is described in detail. Then, the mechanism of reducing the nonworking space harmonic content of the machine is expounded through winding magnetomotive force (MMF) analysis. Finally, the electromagnetic characteristics of a specific proposed modular PMSM and a conventional modular PMSM with DTP-FSCW are compared by finite element method (FEM), in terms of electromotive force (EMF), armature reaction field, torque performance, efficiency and power factor. The FEM results demonstrate that the proposed machine can realize low space harmonic content while retaining stator modularity.

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Beser, Esra Kandemir. "Electrical equivalent circuit for modelling permanent magnet synchronous motors." Journal of Electrical Engineering 72, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2021-0024.

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Abstract In permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) models, only the stator part is given as an electrical circuit and mechanical equations are used for modelling the mechanical part of the machine. In this study, electrical equivalents of mechanical equations are also obtained and mechanical parameters of a PMSM are expressed as an electrical circuit element. In this way, an exact electrical equivalent circuit is proposed in which both the stator and the mechanical part can be modelled as an electrical circuit for the PMSMs dynamic model. Although PMSM model includes mechanical parameters and variables, the complete model is expressed only in electrical elements and variables. The proposed PMSM circuit was simulated for different load torques in the circuit simulation program. Simulation results show that the proposed circuit operates like a PMSM. Simulation results were verified by another method in the form of solution of the differential equations that constitute the mathematical model of PMSM. Due to the proposed circuit that enables the conversion of mechanical parameters into electrical parameters, PMSM can be modelled and simulated as an electrical circuit with completely electrical elements in a circuit simulation program.

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Huang, Zhao, and Han Xiang Cheng. "Implementing Iterative Learning Control to Reduce Torque Ripple of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 1676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.1676.

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Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) are appealing candidates for many high-performance applications such as robotics, machine tools and other electrical propulsion system because of their attractive characteristics. PMSM have advantages of high power density, high torque-to-inertia ratio, and high electrical efficiency. However, the main disadvantage of PMSM is the torque ripples. Therefore, the study of how to compensate the torque ripples so as to improve the tracking performance of PMSM is very meaningful and necessary. In this paper, we focus on the control of a non-sinusoidal permanent magnet synchronous machine. First, we compare the various methods which to reduce the torque ripple. Then, we built a basic PMSM model. After that the Iterative Learning Control (ILC) algorithm is applied to compensate the torque ripple, and improve the tracking performance of the PMSM. The effectiveness of using ILC method to reduce torque ripple is demonstrated by simulink results.

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Zheng, Ping, Yi Sui, Peng Fei Wang, Fan Wu, and Shu Qing Zhang. "Optimal Design of a Five-Phase Outer-Rotor Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.127.

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With the increasing requirements for driving comfort and reliability of electric vehicles, the multi-phase fault-tolerant permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have drawn more and more attention. A 40-slot/42-pole five-phase outer-rotor PMSM is investigated. The electromagnetic structure is designed, and the winding configurations, pole-arc coefficient, magnetization direction, and the structure of slot notch are optimized to obtain better machine performance.

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Sakharov, M. V., and V. N. Karaulov. "Method of winch drive permanent magnet inverted motor design." Vestnik IGEU, no. 2 (2019): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2019.2.051-058.

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Designing a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) of a winch drive needs to take into account the features of this machine. The engine has an inverted design with limited dimensions, is powered by a fre-quency converter, runs at the nominal power frequency and nominal load without using the damping winding and frequency start, and provides the required range of rope winding speeds. There is no specialized engi-neering design methodology for the winch drive PMSM. It is required to make changes and additions to the existing methods of designing synchronous machines when solving the problem of designing a winch drive PMSM. Design and validation calculations were performed in the Mathcad environment based on the tech-nique of designing machines with V.A. Balagurov’s permanent magnets and methods of designing general-purpose industrial synchronous machines with electromagnetic excitation. Field models of PMSM were used for modelling electromechanical processes and thermal status. The developed technique of designing the winch drive permanent magnet inverted motor is different from the known methods and due to this allows accounting for the design features of PMSM in the calculation of the size of the machine, the magnets, the stator core, the choice of electromagnetic loads, the design of the stator winding, the choice of the cooling system and the steel grade of the stator core. The specific requirements of the technical specification are taken into account when calculating the number of poles and the frequency of the supply voltage. A design project of the inverted PMSM of the winch drive has been developed. And the paper presents the design and verification calculations results. The reliability of the results was checked by field modeling of electromechanical processes and the thermal state of the PMSM. The study has solved the problem of no specialized engineering design techniques of the winch drive PMSM. The technique can be used by electromechanical engineers in solving the problem of designing winch drive PMSM as it allows making a design project of the PMSM corresponding to the requirements of the technical specifications and operation feature.

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Semykina, Irina, and Alexandra Tarnetskaya. "Magnet Synchronous Machine of Mine Belt Conveyor Gearless Drum-Motor." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184103014.

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In the recent decades there has been a tendency for simplifying gears construction, furthermore a lot of manufacturers design gearless electric drives for traction and power mechanisms. Rejection of mechanical transmission and replacing obsolete induction motor with energy-efficient permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) allow to increase electric drive reliability, reduce repair and maintenance costs, also improve the technological process and industrial safety.This article is devoted to questions of permanent magnet synchronous motor control for underground belt conveyor gearless drum-motor. The model of PMSM with special construction was created by finite elements method in Infolytica MagNet and MotorSolve environments, simulation was provided with to regard due special nature of high-torque slow-moving power machines. The last section of article contains comparison of methods for high-torque slow-moving PMSM control and simulation results of vector control system.

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Aziz, R., G. J. Atkinson, and S. Salimin. "Thermal Modelling for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM)." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1903. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1903-1912.

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It is important to predict the temperature in some of the essential parts in machine design to prevent the machine from any damage. Most researchers usually not given much attention on thermal analysis during machine design as much as the electromagnet design. Therefore, in this study, two types of thermal modelling were proposed to predict the temperature of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). Infolytica ThermNet software has been used since the software is related to Infolytica Magnet and the losses obtained from the electromagnetic field analysis are used as the heat source in the thermal analysis. Comparison has been done between the predicted temperature from lumped parameter model and finite element analysis. The results also will be validated by using experimental setup. Since Infolytica Magnet has been used to analyse the electromagnetic output therefore finite element analysis model is the better choice.

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Jedryczka, Cezary, Wojciech Szelag, and Zbigniew Jerry Piech. "Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors with fractional slot windings." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 35, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 1937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-03-2016-0120.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate advantages of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The investigation is based on comparative analysis and assessment of FSCW PMSM wound as 3, 6, 9 and 12 phase machines suited for low speed applications. Design/methodology/approach The investigations are focussed on distortions of back electromotive (emf) and magnetomotive force (mmf) with the torque ripples and motors’ performance taken into account. The finite element models with the aid of customized computer code have been adopted for motor winding design and back emf, mmf and motor performance analyses. Findings The novel multiphase winding layouts were found to offer lower content of sub-harmonics in the mmf waveforms compared with the traditional three-phase machine designs. Moreover, the investigated multiphase machines exhibited higher average value of the electromagnetic torque, while the multiphase PMSM machines with FSCW were further characterized by significantly lower torque pulsations. Originality/value The analyses presented in this paper demonstrate that PMSM with FSCW are advantageous to their counterpart three-phase machines. Specifically, they offer higher performance and are more suitable to work with multiple drives supplying segmented winding system. This ability of using multi-drive supply for one motor offers flexibility and cost reduction while increasing fault tolerant power train system.

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Khitrov, Andrei, and Alexander Khitrov. "Investigation of permanent magnet synchronous machine with recuperation block." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 16, 2015): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2015vol1.216.

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permanent magnet synchronous machines (motors) (PMSM) are getting increasingly involved in electrical engineering and electric power sector. The possible application for PMSM is autonomous decentralized low-power source which requires electric starter-generator.Structure designing electric starter-generator for the autonomous cogeneration plant based on the rotary-vane external combustion vehicle (RVECE) is mostly consists of designing electric energy generating system. But the designing and investigating system starting operating modes is also of interest.The paper considers structures of the starter-generator for autonomous low-power sources based on RVECE, the test stand composition and the experiment results.

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Ling, Jeeng Min, and Tajuddin Nur. "Study of Magnetics Performance of Inset Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (Inset - PMSM) Using Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (December 2012): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.554.

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Inset Permanent Magnet synchronous machine (Inset - PMSM) is a specific kind of permanent magnet synchronous machine. The magnetic flux in air gap of electrical machine is one of the important parameters and it imply to the electric or mechanical energy of machine. Using radial pole structure, the characteristics of magnetic field in air gap of an Inset PMSM with 6 poles and 36 slots are simulated. In this paper, we simulated and observed the influence of axial channel rotor core of Inset-PMSM to the value/quantity of magnetic flux in air gap. Magnetic flux quality is also considered in this simulation. The simulations were compared with the conventional rotor structure. The flux density per pole in the air gap was measured with three different angles, 00, 250 and 400.

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Dambrauskas, Karolis, Jonas Vanagas, Tomas Zimnickas, Artūras Kalvaitis, and Mindaugas Ažubalis. "A Method for Efficiency Determination of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13041004.

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The utilization rate of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is increasing in the industry today. Due to this fact, the high efficiency ratio of PMSMs has reached IE5 premium class efficiency. Therefore, the efficiency coefficient of the PMSM varies from 92% to 97%. As a result, this type of motor is replacing traditional asynchronous motor by falling into efficiency classes of IE1, IE2, IE3, and IE4, which range from 75% to 92% in the industry. Thus, the object of the research was to develop a method to determine the efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor applications in order to identify and verify the variating parameters. In this study, an innovative and safe method of PMSM testing when the nominal parameters of the motor are unknown was presented through research. Also, the comparison of PMSM oscillograms with different types of load types and phase shift oscillograms, generated using operation amplifier, were analyzed and is scrutinized. During the design process, the PMSM was projected for the IE5 premium efficiency class. However, after production, the PMSM sometimes does not match the nameplate parameters, which are declared by the factory. As a result, during the testing procedures, the PMSM nameplate parameters did not match the projected parameters. Facing the problem of the projected and tested efficiency mismatch, the PMSM highest efficiency determination experiments were performed in a laboratory in order to prove the highest efficiency of the PMSM. The results showed different PMSM input parameters. Furthermore, the experimental results of the PMSM testing were confirmed with electrical machines theory, and simulation results were performed with electrical circuits. The theory of PMSM operating in different values of input voltage is represented in graphical abstract.

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Kyoung Bang, Tae, Kyung Hun Shin, Jeong In Lee, Cheol Han, Seong Kook Cho, and Jang Young Choi. "Characteristic Analysis of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (September 1, 2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.18790.

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Background/Objectives: This paper presents characteristic analysis of High-SpeedPermanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (High-Speed PMSM) by using FEM (Finite Element Method) tools. The High-Speed PMSM need the protective tube with non-magnetic materials that protect the scattering of permanent magnet, it is necessary that analyzed about mechanical analysis.Methods/Statistical analysis: For preventing and improving, the fracture of the rotor of High-Speed PMSM, it is important that analyzed characteristic of mechanical stress, it should not be analyzed that occurred the fracture and decreased the performance, since the structure of rotor. However, structure analysis is usually performed by using FEM, which need the big amount of time consuming. Therefore, in this paper is derived the mechanical stress of rotor by using analytical method of stress.Findings: The results of the stress analysis are compared with the results of FEM analysis that validated the analytical method of stress analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, an analytical model was fabricated. Through the experiments, the presence of rotor breakage was examined and the performance was measured.Improvements/Applications: It can be applied to stress analysis and characterization of superhigh speed machine through the analysis methods presented in this paper.

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Massoum, Ahmed, Abdelkader Meroufel, Patrice Wira, and Mohammed Fellah. "Fuzzy Control of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Singularly Perturbed Fed By a Three Level Inverter." Journal of Electrical Engineering 63, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-012-0027-5.

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Fuzzy Control of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Singularly Perturbed Fed By a Three Level InverterIn this paper, we present the control technique based on the singular perturbation technique controlled by a fuzzy regulator applied to the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This technique applied to the PMSM conducts to a separation of the variables into disjoined subset or two separated models: one having a slow dynamics, and the other a fast dynamics. To ensure certain robustness to the decoupled control system based on these techniques, the control speed and theIdcurrent is carried out by fuzzy regulators. A qualitative analysis of the principal variables evolution describing the behavior of the global system (PMSM-Inverter with MLI-Control) and its robustness is developed by several tests of digital simulation in last stage.

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Chen, Wen Zhuo, Xiao Yu Zhang, and Xiao Mei Sui. "Simulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Field Oriented Vector Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1234.

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This template illustrates the control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) which uses field oriented vector control(field oriented vector control). PMSM is a complex, strong coupling and nonlinear system. And field oriented vector control could provide good performance as well as the PI controller setted with well parameter matching. Whereas limited by the number of voltage vector, the other control method of PMSM, direct torque control, could not satisfy accurate control when the machine running with a low speed. So modulation of the whole system is built here to realize closed-loop field oriented vector control control by keeping id=0 , and the machine model and the transformation among different coordinate system are discussed. The system is verified effective and feasible.

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de la Cruz, Javier, Juan M. Ramirez, and Luis Leyva. "Voltage THD Improvement for an Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 14, no. 5 (August 24, 2013): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2013-0072.

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Abstract This article deals with the design of an outer rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM) driven by wind turbines. The Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (VTHD) is especially addressed, under design parameters’ handling, i.e., the geometry of the stator, the polar arc percentage, the air gap, the skew angle in rotor poles, the pole length and the core steel class. Seventy-six cases are simulated and the results provide information useful for designing this kind of machines. The study is conducted on a 5 kW PMSM.

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Abassi, Moez, Oussama Saadaoui, Amor Khlaief, Abdelkader Chaari, and Mohamed Boussak. "PMSM DTC Drive System Fed by a Fault-Tolerant Inverter." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 12, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096511666180501125421.

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Background: In this paper, experimentation fault-tolerant control for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system using the direct torque control technique is presented. Methods: Synchronous machine drive system requires uninterrupted and more secure conditions during operations. Results: Therefore the diagnostic of voltage source inverter and synchronous motor faults are needed for improving system availability. Conclusion: This article aims to propose an accurate open-phase fault detection and fault-tolerant inverter of a permanent magnet synchronous motor using direct torque control technique. Experimental implementation is carried out on powerful dSpace DS1104. The validity of the proposed method has been experimentally verified.

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Gaiceanu, Marian, and Emil Rosu. "A Complete Optimal Control Solution for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (December 2012): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.449.

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In this paper a voltage control strategy based on the optimal control theory, for isotropic rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives, is proposed. The complete optimal control of the three phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) consists of three components: the state feedback, the feed forward compensation of the load torque and the reference to achieve the desired state. The control assures a smooth dynamic response, in order to achieve the desired state in steady state, the fast compensation of the load torque, and the energy minimization. The obtained solution by integrating the matrix Riccati differential equation (MRDE) is orientated towards the numerical implementation (by using a zero order hold) and it is computed on-line. The optimal control strategy is applied to PMSM drives and verified by simulations.

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Zhao, Wei, Wen Juan Huang, and Lin Zhang. "EKF-Based Sensorless Vector Control System of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1082.

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As the incomparable advantages, permanent magnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) has been used widely in servo system, numerical control machine. The paper introduces an EKF (extended Kalman filter)-based sensorless vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor. The rotorfield-oriented control strategy based on id=0 is selected. After expounding the principle of EKF and recursion algorithm, it derives the Kalman state equation in PMSM rest coordinate, makes a discretization processing, and constructs vector control system based on EKF estimator. The simulation model of vector control system of PMSM with MATLAB/Simulink is built and on this basis, it observes the position and speed of the motor rotor by the use of the EKF estimator. Simulation results demonstrate the EKF estimator can accurate estimates of the PMSM rotor position and speed.

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Kumar, Rajesh, Erwan Sulaiman, Mahyuzie Jenal, Laili Iwani Jusoh, and Fatihah Shafiqah Bahrim. "Design and Investigation of Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine for Downhole Application." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp231-238.

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Permanent magnet flux switching machine (PMFSM) is a joint venture of switch reluctance machine (SRM) and permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). It has become a prominent research topic for various applications because of robust rotor structure, high torque and power densities but few were developed for downhole applications mainly due to harsh environmental conditions. Formerly, most of developed PMFSMs for downhole applications were mainly concentrated on inner-rotor type design, and difficult to find research work on outer-rotor configuration. Therefore, this paper introduces the design and investigation of PMFSM with outer-rotor configuration for downhole application. Primarily, the geometric topology of proposed design is described in detail. Then, the no load and load analysis are implemented in order to investigate the initial performance of the proposed design.

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CHOUROUK, BOUCHAREB, NAIT-SAID MOHAMED-SAID, and LAHMER FETHI. "Modeling and Diagnostic of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine under Insulation Failure Condition." Algerian Journal of Signals and Systems 2, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51485/ajss.v2i2.35.

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One of the most frequent faults in PMSM stator is the turn-to-turn short-circuit fault. So, the aim of this paper is to present a dynamic model for PMSM with turn-to-turn short-circuit fault based on equivalent electric circuit model. Two simple and useful diagnostic techniques ESA an EPVA based on frequency analysis are applied to detect this kind of fault. The accuracy of diagnosis is based on adding the real waveform of back-EMF.

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Jędryczka, Cezary, Dawid Danielczyk, and Wojciech Szeląg. "Torque Ripple Minimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine by Modulation of the Phase Currents." Sensors 20, no. 8 (April 23, 2020): 2406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082406.

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This paper deals with the torque ripple minimization method based on the modulation of the phase currents of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. The shape of the supply current waveforms reducing the torque ripple of the machine considered was determined on the basis of finite element analysis (FEA). In the proposed approach, the machine is supplied by a six-leg inverter in order to allow for the injection of zero sequence current harmonics. Two test PMSMs with fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCW) and surface-mounted permanent magnets (SPMs) have been examined as a case study problem. Wide-range fractional analyses were performed using developed numerical models of the electromagnetic field distribution in the considered machines. The results obtained show that the level of torque ripple in FSCW PMSMs can be effectively reduced by the modulation of the phase currents under the six-leg inverter supply.

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Ayalur Krishnamoorthy, Parvathy, Kamaraj Vijayarajan, and Devanathan Rajagopalan. "Application of Quadratic Linearization for the Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Advances in Power Electronics 2011 (November 16, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/273081.

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Many of the existing control methods for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) either deal with steady state models or consider dynamic models under particular cases. A dynamic model of the PM machine allows powerful control-theoretic techniques such as linearization to be applied to the system. Existing exact feedback linearization of dynamic model of PMSM suffers from singularity issues. In this paper, we propose a quadratic linearization approach for PMSM based on the approximate linearization technique which does not introduce singularities. A MATLAB simulation is used to verify the effectiveness of the linearization technique proposed. Also, to account for higher-order and unmodelled dynamics of PMSM, tuning of the linearizing transformation is proposed and verified using simulation.

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Yang, Guohui, and Chengning Zhang. "Computationally Efficient PM Power Loss Mapping for PWM Drive Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 3246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073246.

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This paper proposes a computationally efficient approach for mapping permanent magnet (PM) power loss in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). The PM loss mapping method here uses time-step finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the function parameters representing the loss variation with speed (frequency), amplitude modulation ratio, carrier ratio, and stator current and is suitable for rapid evaluation of machine performance over the entire torque–speed envelope. The PM loss can be accurately mapped across the full operational envelope, including the field-weakened mode. The loss mapping procedure takes into account the equivalent resistivity of axial segmentation of the PM array calculated by three-dimensional (3-D) FEA. The effect of temperature on the PM loss is also considered. The proposed methodology is validated on two surface-mounted PMSM designs. The results of the loss mapping procedure are consistent with those from direct 3-D finite element prediction and experimental results of PM power loss at each operating point of the machine.

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Msaddek, Hejra, Ali Mansouri, and Trabelsi Hafedh. "Optimization of In-Wheel Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Car." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 4, no. 3 (July 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2015070101.

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The objective of this work is to find the optimal geometric parameters for the design of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) with inversed structure (outer rotor) for electric vehicles applications. Firstly, the machine model is presented with a special attention given to the calculation of the mass and engine efficiency. A multi objective optimization based on the genetic algorithm is then implemented. It will determine the parameters values that optimize the chosen criteria while respecting the specifications: to minimizing the total mass and maximizing the machine efficiency. Finally, 2D steady-state finite element analysis is used for to verify the results given by the optimization method.

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So, Albert, and Wai L. Chan. "Comprehensive model of linear PMSM-based ropeless lift for comparing control algorithms – Field-oriented control versus direct torque control." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 6 (January 14, 2020): 659–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419899058.

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This is a further study of two previous articles of the authors. The simulation model includes saliency and almost all common imperfections of linear permanent magnet synchronous machine. Based on the same model, three types of control have been applied to drive the lift car for a typical fully loaded upward journey, namely field-oriented control, which was used in two previous articles, direct force control (conventional direct torque control on a linear machine) and a newly proposed direct speed control (a new direct torque control method that could be used in the lift industry). The performances in terms of speed accuracy during start-up and rated speed operation, power and energy consumption have been studied. The conclusion is that for such a new application in the lift industry, at this moment in time, the more conventional field-oriented control is highly recommended. Two new findings are reported. Direct speed control that involves a simpler circuitry and reasonable speed control is proposed, although there is always a small steady-state error due to the absence of a proportional–integral controller. Conventional direct torque (force) control involves continuous integration to estimate the magnetic fluxes, which is not applicable to a permanent magnet synchronous machine with saliency. A new definition to analytically estimate the magnetic flux linkages in real time is also proposed. It should be noted that field-oriented control is superior at this time. When technology continues to get advanced, direct force control and direct speed control may one day be more appropriate for linear permanent magnet synchronous machine application. The software to perform the simulation has been uploaded to the BSER&T/SAGE website. Practical application: It is generally agreed by the lift industry that the installation of multi-dimensional lifts employing linear permanent magnet synchronous machines is a clear trend in the future. This article is a follow up of two previous ones, studying the performance of three types of control for linear permanent magnet synchronous machine. Necessary equations of the machine model, imperfections, digital control loops are included. Some findings regarding the differences in performance are reported. It is hoped that this article is useful for lift manufacturers to enter this new market of vertical transportation.

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Liu, Ji Zhu, Xiao Hui Yu, Shao Hua Wang, and Ming Chong Sun. "Study on Permanent Magnet Demagnetization Characteristics in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines." Advanced Materials Research 211-212 (February 2011): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.211-212.127.

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When Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM) working with rated load or overload, stator iron loss and copper loss, bearings friction loss, permanent magnet (PM) eddy-current all will cause PM temperature rise. In this condition, the PM is affected by the temperature and the stator of the reverse magnetic field generated prone to arouse demagnetization phenomenon, it will directly affect the performance of permanent magnet machines. Previous calculation method which used magnetic circuit method to analyze PM demagnetization characteristics cannot reflect the actual working condition of PM. Firstly, the calculation formula of PM thermal stability is deduced in this paper. Secondly, demagnetization characteristics are analyzed based on FEM, which can reflect the actual working condition of PM more accurately. This paper providing reference basis for optimum electromagnetic design, PM selection and optimum PM design.

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Zheng, Ping, Yi Sui, Bin Yu, Fan Wu, and Peng Fei Wang. "Research on a Five-Phase In-Wheel Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.144.

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This paper discusses the design of a fault-tolerant Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) for electric vehicles. The investigated machine is a five-phase in-wheel machine with 40 slots and 42 poles. The electromagnetic performance of double layer and single layer windings are compared based finite element analysis. The magnetic isolation abilities of the two winding types are also compared. Finally, a 12kW five-phase fault-tolerant machine which is able to meet the demand of electric drive system is designed and evaluated.

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Lee, Sung-hyun, Noman Baloch, and Byung-il Kwon. "Design and analysis of a double consequent pole changing vernier machine." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 941–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209408.

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This paper proposes a double consequent pole changing vernier machine (DCPCVM) which adopts double consequent pole and flux modulation configuration. The proposed machine combines a vernier machine and a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) in a single topology. Therefore, the advantages of both machines can be realized in a single topology. The proposed machine provides high torque at low speed while operating in vernier mode whereas it operates in PMSM mode at high speed to avoid the disadvantages of vernier machines at high speeds such as high core losses. Parametric analysis of the proposed machine is performed to show the effect of the main variables on the electromagnetic characteristics of the machine. A finite element method (FEM) analysis is conducted, and meaningful conclusions are drawn.

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Ling, Jeeng Min, and Tajuddin Nur. "Investigation the Performance of Axial Channel Rotor in Inset Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (December 2012): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.559.

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An electrical machine is constructed with some holes or axial hollows in the rotor core for special purpose. The effects of axial hole in the proposed Inset Permanent Magnet Machine (Inset PMSM) with eight radial poles are analyzed by the magnetic flux density in air gap. The characteristics associated with magnetic flux density of every magnet poles in the air gap, magnetic flux losses in the rotor teeth, density magnetic flux in the rotor core surface and torque of the machine are also investigated and compared. Results show small direct reactance and less area in the proposed axial channel rotor core compared with the convention Inset PMSM. It imply to a lighter weight and high efficiency machine design. The finite element simulation shows the magnetic flux density per pole in air gap of the proposed rotor structure remain constant or may be a little bit drop compared with the conventional machine.

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Saari, Ahmad Sofian Saari, and Dahaman Ishak. "Design and fault tolerant analysis of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1115-1125.

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This paper presents a design of 15-slot/12-pole, five-phase, surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The five-phase PMSM can be an attractive solution to few applications that demand fault tolerant capability such as in aerospace engineering and electric propulsion. The motor model is first investigated based on the implementation of analytical method. The analytical method derived from the subdomain model of the permanent magnet machine is initially applied to estimate the magnetic flux density distributions for the radial component Br and the tangential component Bt in the machine air gap. Other important motor characteristics such as phase back-EMF, line back-EMF, cogging torque and electromagnetic torque are also calculated. The analytically calculated results are then compared with the numerical method in a 2D finite element analysis. Additionally, the capability of this PMSM model against faulty conditions are further investigated. The results show that the analytical model of the 15-slot/12-pole, five-phase PMSM provides very accurate motor performance within acceptable error margin. For instance, the average electromagnetic torques, inclusive of the cogging torque, as computed by the analytical and numerical methods are 5.53Nm and 5.33Nm respectively, yielding an error of 3.6%. During faulty conditions, the PMSM can possibly continue to operate with lower output torque, about 60% to 80% of its rated torque, when one-phase or two phase windings are out of service.

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31

Ladghem Chikouche, Brahim, Kamel Boughrara, and Rachid Ibtiouen. "Permanent magnet shaping for cogging torque and torque ripple reduction of PMSM." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 37, no. 6 (November 5, 2018): 2232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2017-0482.

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Purpose This paper aims to the improvement of permanent magnet shape in the popular permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is proposed in this paper in view to mitigate cogging torque magnitude and torque ripple. Design/methodology/approach A two-dimensional exact analytical approach of magnetic field distribution is established for the PMSM considering magnet shape and slot opening. The optimal magnet shape is constituted of small number of layers stacked radially. The thickness of each magnet layer is considered equal to about one mm or more; however, a parametric study was performed to determine pole pitch ratio value. The finite element method is used to validate the analytical results. Findings Cogging torque peaks and torque ripples can be mitigated significantly more than 90 per cent compared to results issued from machine having classical magnet shape. Raising the number of magnet layers can give better results. The results of this paper are compared also with those issued from the machine having sinusoidal magnet shape and give a good solution. Originality/value A new technique for cogging torque and torque ripple mitigation is proposed in this paper by changing permanent magnet shape. The proposed final magnet shape is constituted of a set of stacked and well-dimensioned layers relative to the opening angle.

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32

Kassem, Ahmed M., and A. A. Hassan. "Performance Improvements of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine via Functional Model Predictive Control." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/319708.

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This paper investigates the application of the model predictive control (MPC) approach to control the speed of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system. The MPC is used to calculate the optimal control actions including system constraints. To alleviate computational effort and to reduce numerical problems, particularly in large prediction horizon, an exponentially weighted functional model predictive control (FMPC) is employed. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed FMPC scheme, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with a classical PI controller through simulation studies. Obtained results show that accurate tracking performance of the PMSM has been achieved.

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Hu, Yan, Zhen Guang, and Xiao Yu Wang. "Research on Control System of Gearless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Elevator." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5945.

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A driving system for gearless traction machine plays an very important role in controlling elevator’s running. And its performances have a direct effect on the elevator’s performance. On the basic of the mathematical model of the gearless permanent magnetic synchronous machine (PMSM), id=0 vector control method and space vector pulse width modulation method are used in the control system. Then making a simulation on the system designed by MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show that the control method is feasible.

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Mehedi, Fayçal, Rachid Taleb, Abdelkadir Belhadj Djilali, and Adil Yahdou. "SMC based DTC-SVM control of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp100-108.

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This article presents an improved Direct Torque Control (DTC) technique with space vector modulation (SVM) for a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using a sliding mode speed control (SMC).The proposed control scheme of the five-phase PMSM combines the advantages of SMC control and the SVM algorithm. The SMC method insensitive to uncertainties, in particular external disturbances and parameter variations. In this paper, the SMC controller is used to control the rotor speed of the five-phase PMSM based on DTC-SVM. The rotor speed response, torque and stator flux are determined and compared with traditional control method. The simulations results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control technique in terms of performance and robustness against machine parameter variations (inertia variation). The efficiency of the proposed method applied on the five-phase PMSM is verified by the MATLAB/Simulink.

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35

Ali, Mahrus, and Muhlasin Muhlasin. "Kontrol Kecepatan Putaran Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) Menggunakan PID, FLC Dan ANFIS." Jurnal Elektro 4, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/je.v4i1.302.

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Permanent Magnet Syschronous Machine (PMSM) has low torque in a number of specific applications, so a good control model is needed. PMSM uses the principle of faraday experiments by turning a magnet in a coil by utilizing another energy source ... When a magnet moves in a coil or vice versa. Turning the engine will change the magnetic force flux in the coil and penetrate perpendicular to the coil so that there is a potential difference between the ends of the coil. That is due to changes in magnetic flux. To get the best control method, a comparison of several speed control models is needed. In this study comparing PMSM speed control without controller, using PID controller, using FLC controller, and using ANFIS controller. From the simulation results show that the best model on ANFIS controller, which is closest to the Speed reff (300 rpm) is ANFIS obtained the round profile with the smallest undershot of 300,015 rpm at t = 0.0055 seconds and steady state at 300.02 rpm at 0.004 seconds, obtained output current profile best on FLC = 3.39 A, while at ANFIS = 3.38 A, the best torque profile (the smallest overshot) is obtained on the ANFIS controller of 0.28 pu, the best voltage profile (most continuous) on the ANFIS controller is 300.03. The results of this study will be continued with the use of other artificial intelligence.

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Zhao, Chunheng, Yi Li, Matthew Wessner, Chinmay Rathod, and Pierluigi Pisu. "Support-Vector Machine Approach for Robust Fault Diagnosis of Electric Vehicle Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Annual Conference of the PHM Society 12, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36001/phmconf.2020.v12i1.1291.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a leading technology for electric vehicles (EVs) and other high-performance industrial applications. These challenging applications demand robust fault diagnosis schemes, but conventional strategies based on models, system knowledge, and signal transformation have limitations that degrade the agility of diagnosing faults. These methods require extremely detailed design and consideration to remain robust against noise and disturbances in the actual application. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have proven to be promising next-generation solutions for fault diagnosis. In this paper, a support-vector machine (SVM) utilizing sparse representation is developed to perform sensor fault diagnosis of a PMSM. A simulation model of the pertinent PMSM drive system for automotive applications is used to generate a set of labelled training example sets that the SVM uses to determine margins between normal and faulty operating conditions. The PMSM model includes input as a torque reference profile and disturbance as a constant road grade, against both of which faults must be detectable. Even with limited training, the SVM classifier developed in this paper is capable of diagnosing faults with a high degree of accuracy, suggesting that such methods are feasible for the demanding fault diagnosis challenge in PMSM.

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37

Yu, Shen Bo, Hui Dong, Xin Feng, and Jing Yuan. "Analysis on Cogging Torque of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for NC Machine Tool Servo-System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1878–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1878.

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This paper presents a procedure of calculating cogging torque of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) for NC machine tool servo-system based on finite element method (FEM). Simulation models of PMSM are established to complete coupled calculation between magnetic fields and mechanical dynamics. Furthermore, the distributions of magnetic flux and electromagnetic force densities are also gained. Finally, the cogging torque of the motor in operating process is suppressed by changing slot opening configuration. The references for the optimization design on NC machine tool servo-system are provided by the simulation model.

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Ilioudis, Vasilios C. "Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Magnetic Saliency Tracking Based on Voltage Signal Injection." Machines 8, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8010014.

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This paper presents a sensorless control method of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with magnetic saliency estimation. This is based on a high-frequency injection (HFI) technique applied on the modified PMSM model in the γδ reference frame. Except for sensorless control, an emphasis is placed on the magnetic saliency estimation to indicate a practical approach in tracking PMSM inductance variations. The magnetic saliency is determined using calculations embedded in the speed and position algorithm through current measurements. A notable characteristic of the modified PMSM model is that the corresponding rotor flux integrates both permanent magnet and saliency term fluxes. In applying a HFI technique for sensorless control, the structure of the PMSM flux model is formatted accordingly. A novel inductance matrix is derived that is completely compatible with the HFI methodology, since its elements include terms of angle error differential and average inductances. In addition, a sliding mode observer (SMO) is designed to estimate the speed and angle of rotor flux based on equivalent control applying a smooth function of the angle error instead of a sign one to reduce the chattering phenomenon. The control strategy is principally based on the adequacy of the proposed modified model and on the appropriateness of the SMO structure to successfully track the rotor flux position with the required stability and accuracy. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the PMSM sensorless control verifying the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to detect PMSM saliency, speed and position in steady state and transient modes successfully.

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Sui, Yi, Ping Zheng, Peilun Tang, Fan Wu, and Pengfei Wang. "A five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM for electric vehicles." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2015-0106.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate a five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) that features high-power density and high-fault-tolerant capability for electric vehicles (EVs). Design/methodology/approach – The five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM is designed by finite-element method. Two typical rotor structures which include Halbach array and rotor eccentricity are compared to achieve sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF). The influence of slot dimensions on leakage inductance and short-circuit current is analyzed. The method to reduce eddy current loss of permanent magnets (PMs) is investigated. The machine performances under both healthy and fault conditions are evaluated. Finally, thermal behavior of the machine is studied by Ansys. Findings – With both no-load and load performances considered, rotor eccentricity is proposed to reduce the harmonic contents of EMF. Increasing slot leakage inductance is an effective way to limit the short-circuit current. By segmenting PMs in circumferential direction, the PM eddy current loss is reduced and the machine efficiency is improved. With proper fault-tolerant control strategy, acceptable torque performance can be achieved under fault conditions. The proposed machine can safely operate under Class F insulation. Originality/value – So far, many researches focus on multiphase PMSMs used in aviation fields, such as fuel pump and electric actuator. Differing from PMSMs used in aviation applications, machines for EVs require characteristics like wide speed ranges and variable operating conditions. Hence, this paper proposes a five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM for EVs. The proposed design methodology is applicable to multiphase PMSMs with different slot/pole combinations.

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Liu, Yingpei, Tao Gao, and Guo Li. "Research on an Improved Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Journal of Sensors 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/816421.

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In permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) traditional vector control system, PI regulator is used in the speed loop, but it has some defects. An improved method of PMSM vector control is proposed in the paper. The active-disturbance rejection control (ADRC) speed regulator is designed with the input signals of given speed and real speed and the output of given stator currentqcoordinate component. Then, in order to optimize ADRC controller, the least squares support vector machines (LSSVM) optimal regression model is derived and successfully embedded in the ADRC controller. ADRC observation precision and dynamic response of the system are improved. The load disturbance effect on the system is reduced to a large extent. The system anti-interference ability is further improved. Finally, the current sensor CSNE151-100 is selected to sample PMSM stator currents. The voltage sensor JLBV1 is used to sample the stator voltage. The rotor speed of PMSM is measured by mechanical speed sensor, the type of which is BENTLY 330500. Experimental platform is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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41

Rezal, M., and D. Ishak. "Performance evaluation of multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor based on different winding configurations and magnetization patterns." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1197-1206.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is the most reliable and efficient machine that widely used in robotics and automation, industrial applications, electric vehicles, home appliances, aircraft and aerospace technology due to its high efficiency, good dynamic performance and high torque density. In this paper, the influence of various types of winding configuration and different magnetization patterns in the performance of a five-phase PMSM is investigated. Three types of magnetization patterns such as radial magnetization (RM), parallel magnetization (PaM), and multi-segmented Halbach magnetization (SH) are applied to the five-phase 10-slot/4-pole PMSM during open-circuit and on-load conditions. A 2D finite element method (FEM) is intensively used in this investigation to model and predict the electromagnetic characteristics and performance of the PMSM. The detailed results from the finite-element analysis (FEA) on the cogging torque, induced back-emf, airgap flux density and electromagnetic torque are analysed. The induced back-emf of the machine is computed further into its harmonic distortions. Additionally, the skewing method for minimization of cogging torque of PMSM is proposed. From the results, it is observed that the five-phase, 10-slot/4-pole PMSM with double layer distributed winding and parallel magnetization gives the best machine performance.

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Tsampouris, Evangelos M., Charalampos Patsios, Antonios Chaniotis, Antonios G. Kladas, and John Prousalidis. "Coupled Field and Circuit Model Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for Direct Torque Control Optimization." Materials Science Forum 670 (December 2010): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.670.265.

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The pulsating torque of a permanent magnet motor has detrimental effects on the motor operation, resulting in speed perturbation, positioning error, vibration, and noise. Several efforts of countering the torque ripple focus on magnet pole shape optimization procedures while other efforts apply sophisticated modifications of control algorithms. In this paper a coupled field and circuit model of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is introduced in order to reduce the effects of pulsating torque. The model comprises of a 2D finite element model for detailed computation of the machine field distribution coupled with an external equivalent circuit for macroscopic parameter evaluation. Model results are then integrated in a direct torque control algorithm for the minimization of torque ripple in a PM machine prototype.

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43

Yang, Guohui, Shuo Zhang, and Chengning Zhang. "Analysis of Core Loss of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for Vehicle Applications under Different Operating Conditions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 7232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207232.

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Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are widely used in electric vehicles due to their high power density, high efficiency, etc. Core losses account for a significant component of the total loss in PMSMs. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully consider it when designing PMSMs according to actual scientific research project applications. This paper extracts the characteristic operating points of the PMSMs under different operating conditions at different speeds. Then a harmonic analysis of air-gap flux density, phase current, core loss was completed, and detailed comparative analysis was performed. A novel method for comprehensively analyzing the stator core loss of PMSMs for vehicles is proposed, which reveals the law of the core loss of the PMSM under Maximum-Torque-Per-Ampere (MTPA) and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). The method was verified by a prototype experiment where the actual core loss of PMSMs was measured to verify the correctness of the method. This research provides a reference for accurately predicting core loss during the forward design of PMSMs and completing core loss evaluation for existing PMSMs.

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44

Khedri, Jamel, Mohamed Chaabane, and Mansour Souissi. "Speed Control of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Powered by an Inverter Voltage Moment Approach." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2011.1.2204.

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In this paper, the method of moments is presented in order to synthesize controllers for current and speed of a Magnet Permanent Synchronous Machine (PMSM). The controller’s dynamics are chosen in respect with the time domain constraints, which have equality relationships between the moments of the closed-loop system and those of the reference model. The Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) formalism is used for the controller synthesis. The proposed controller is applied for the speed tracking of a PMSM to illustrate the performances of the method.

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Mbadiwe I, Enwelum, Erwan Sulaiman, Ahmad Md Zarafi, and Siti Khalidah Rahimi. "High Torque Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Machine in Segmented Outer Rotor using Appropriate Split Ratio for Electric Scooter Propulsion." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1642-1649.

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Recently, permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) having the diameter of 11inches was successfully developed and installed in electric scooter vehicle (ESV) for propulsion. It consists of segmented stators of 24 armature slots and 100 pieces of permanent magnet of 2 kg weight mounted on rotating rotor. Upon the huge amount of materials and permanent magnet used, PMSM produced 110Nm only. Looking at the size, this torque is low and could not sustain acceleration for long distance travels. To overcome the challenge of low torque, this paper presents a new machine type, flux switching motor (FSM) with 1 kg weight of permanent magnet flux source employing segmented outer rotor. Six ranges of split ratio of 0.80-0.85 for outer rotor 24slot-14pole FSPM motor configurations were designed and compared. The 2D-FEA by JMAG software version 14 is used to examine its performance in term of flux linkage, cogging torque, back-emf and average torque which the structure with split ratio of 0.85 took lead by securing highest torque profile of 209Nm. It also achieved low cogging torque to operate in safe region. In conclusion, appropriate split ratio significantly enhances high torque capability of permanent magnet flux switching motor for electric scooter propulsion.

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Liang, Siyuan, Yong Chen, Hong Liang, and Xu Li. "Sparse Representation and SVM Diagnosis Method Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Fault in PMSM." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 9, 2019): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020224.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) has the advantages of simple structure, small size, high efficiency, and high power factor, and a key dynamic source and is widely used in industry, equipment and electric vehicle. Aiming at its inter-turn short-circuit fault, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method based on sparse representation and support vector machine (SVM). Firstly, the sparse representation is used to extract the first and second largest sparse coefficients of both current signal and vibration signals, and then they are composed into four-dimensional feature vectors. Secondly, the feature vectors are input into the support vector machine for fault diagnosis, which is suitable for small sample. Experiments on a permanent magnet synchronous motor with artificially set inter-turn short-circuit fault and a normal one showed that the method is feasible and accurate.

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47

Kim, Hak Jung, Sooyoung Cho, Gang Seok Lee, Hyung-Kwan Jang, Ye Jun Oh, and Ju Lee. "A Study on the Design of an Outer Rotor and Spoke Type PMSM for Improving Power Density." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 12, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001812010063.

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Object: This paper proposes an outer rotor and spoke-type permanent magnet synchronous motor (outer rotor spoke-type PMSM) to increase the power density compared to the inner rotor spoke-type permanent magnet synchronous motor(inner rotor spoke-type PMSM) used in washing machines. Method: In order to investigate the output characteristics of the Outer Rotor Spoke-type PMSM, comparison and analysis were conducted on three models of 16-poles/9-slots, 20-pole/9-slots and 22-poles/9-slots. Compare models were conducted with the limited condition which applies the same current density, phase voltage limit, and stator. The final model was optimized based on the model with the best output characteristics among three compare models. Conclusion: Finally, output characteristics are compared between compare models and the final model.

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Sekerák, Peter, Valéria Hrabovcová, Juha Pyrhönen, Lukáš Kalamen, Pavol Rafajdus, and Matúš Onufer. "Ferrites and Different Winding Types in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Journal of Electrical Engineering 63, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-012-0024-8.

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Ferrites and Different Winding Types in Permanent Magnet Synchronous MotorThis paper deals with design of permanent magnet synchronous machines with ferrites. The ferrites became popular due to their low cost and cost increasing of NdFeB. The progress in ferrite properties in the last decade allows the use of ferrites in high power applications. Three models of ferrite motors are presented. It is shown that also the type of stator winding and the shape of the slot opening have an important effect on the PMSM properties. The first motor has a distributed winding, the second motor has concentrated, non-overlapping winding and open stator slots. The third motor has a concentrated non-overlapping winding and semi - open slots. All models are designed for the same output power and they do not have the same dimensions. The paper shows how important the design of an electric machine is for excellent motor properties or better to say how the motor properties can be improved by an appropriate design.

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Cheng, Liang, Xiao Jie Ye, Dong Ru Sun, Yun Yue Ye, and Yong Jin. "Low Speed Compound Direct-Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control Systemwith Load Torque Compensation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.652.

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Effected by sensor measurement noise, system noise and load disturbance torque, dynamic performance of low speed compound direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) decreased and speed fluctuation increased, which result in creeping phenomenon and unstable working state of servo system directly driven by PMSM. A load torque observer based on extended kalman filter (EKF) is proposed here, which gives correct estimation of rotor position, rotor speed and load torque through electromagnetic torque and encoder signal. A control strategy using estimated load torque for forward feedback compensation is also discussed with no need of extra hardware equipment. Simulation results showed that PMSM can operate steadily at the speed of 2.5r/min with less speed fluctuation only using a low resolution encoder, which verified the effectiveness and practicability of the method mentioned in this paper.

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Wang, Jiabao, Shoudao Huang, Chao Guo, and Yaojing Feng. "Research on the Axial Force of Conical-Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Turbines." Energies 11, no. 10 (September 22, 2018): 2532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102532.

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The general method to suppress the axial force of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct-drive turbine is to increase the number of balance devices, such as balance disks and special bearings, to counteract its influence, but this also leads to complex system structure and higher mechanical losses. Aiming to solve the above issue, this paper presents a novel PMSM structure with a conical-rotor (CR). Due to its adaptive equilibrium of axial force and simple structure of rotor with turbine, the CR-PMSM can help improve the system efficiency. Both surface-type and interior-type motors are analyzed, and the axial magnetic force of CR-PMSM is studied in detail. The 3-D finite-element method (FEM) is used to model and simulate the machine, and the magnetic-field distribution, axial magnetic force and driving performance are obtained. Also, the control rule of d-axis current is analyzed to achieve the adaptive equilibrium of axial force. A 2.0 kW, 6000 r/min prototype motor is fabricated and tested to validate the theory.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM)'

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