Academic literature on the topic 'Permanent sample plots'

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Journal articles on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Allen, Micky G., and Harold E. Burkhart. "A comparison of alternative data sources for modeling site index in loblolly pine plantations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 8 (2015): 1026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0346.

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Site index curves are generally developed from one of three data sources: (i) permanent sample plots, (ii) temporary sample plots, or (iii) stem analysis data. Permanent sample plots are considered to be the best data source for modeling height–age relationships; however, due to time and cost constraints, analysts may consider using temporary sample plots or stem analysis data for equation fitting. Temporary sample plot and stem analysis data, although more quickly obtained, require assumptions that are often not met when modeling site index. The question becomes how models developed from temp
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Burgess, Darwin, and Craig Robinson. "Canada's oldest permanent sample plots — thinning in white and red pine." Forestry Chronicle 74, no. 4 (1998): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc74606-4.

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Two of the oldest permanent sample plots (PSPs) in Canada were set up at Petawawa, Ontario (45° 57′ N, 77° 34′ W) to examine the effect of thinning on the development of natural white (Pinus strobus L.) and red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait). Field data were collected periodically, starting in 1918 when the stand was 40 years old and continuing for 71 years. Six thinning treatments were completed, beginning in 1918, and then in 1933, 1941, 1959, 1969 and 1989. The intensity of thinning varied through time with 14, 27, 38, 8, 30, and 7% of the basal area removed. The sawlog volume mean annual increm
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YAMAMOTO, Takeshi, Maho KUDOU, Koji FUJIMOTO, Norihiro KAJIHARA, and Mikihiro KAJIHARA. "Tree distribution pattern in the permanent sample plots of selection forests." Japanese Journal of Forest Planning 29 (1997): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20659/jjfp.29.0_77.

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Schmid-Haas, Paul. "Die Idee der Kontrollstichproben: ihre Entstehung und ihre Zukunft | The Swiss Continuous Forest Inventory: its genesis and its future." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 154, no. 3-4 (2003): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2003.0102.

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For planning and control we need information on the actual condition of the forest, its changes, increment and drain. Information on the actual condition is most often gained in an optimal way by mixed samples of temporary and permanent plots. For information on changes in the condition permanent sample plots are more efficient, for information on increment and drain permanent sample plots are necessary anyway. Permanent plots must be relocatable. For visible permanent plots,however, nobody knows if they are treated in exactly the same way as the rest of the forest. In the long run it becomes
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Xu, Yun, Feng Ri Li, and Shi Lei Jiang. "Study on Diameter Distribution of Natural Secondary Forest." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 758–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.758.

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This study used 45 permanent sample plots investigated in 2007 and 6 permanent sample plots investigated in 2008 in Mao’er Mountain natural secondary forest area and 68 permanent plots investigated in 2008 in Niuxinshan institute in Muling. Through making the chat of diameter distribution histogram the analysis of diameter distribution, use a variety of distribution functions to fit the transformation regularities, set up parameter regression model. Research results show: the fitting effects of exponential distribution and Weibull distribution are good, and exponential distribution is better.
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Siddqui, Asm, and Akramul Islam. "Population Dynamics of major Mangrove species in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh." Indian Journal of Forestry 42, no. 4 (2019): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2019-8l2tin.

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Growth dynamics of major mangrove species in three salinity zones of the Sundarbans was conducted by establishing permanent sample plots (PSPS) by the Mangrove Silviculture Division of the Bangladesh Forest Research Institute. Multistage sampling process was applied to collect data from 33 Permanent Sample Plots (PSPs), area of each PSP being 400 m2. Total number of seedlingh, saplings in each saline zone and total regeneration percentage of each species in the PSPs was worked out.
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Rachana, A. G. Koppad, Dinesh CV, Pracheeka J. Shetty, and Gowri B. Gowda. "Evaluating Annual Growth Dynamics Across Forest Types Using Permanent Sample Plots in Yellapur Forest Division, Karnataka, India." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 31, no. 1 (2025): 145–52. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i12753.

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Annual tree increment requires repeated assessments on permanent sample plots, which are crucial for evaluating changes in tree size and stem volume. These plots enable long-term monitoring to estimate timber production and analyse growth dynamics. This study examines the current annual increment of growth parameters like tree height, GBH, basal area, and volume in dry, moist deciduous, and semi-evergreen forests within the Yellapur Forest Division, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka. The Permanent sample plots were utilized to assess growth patterns across various forest types. Total of nine one-hecta
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Yim, Jong-Su, Rae Hyun Kim, Sun Jeoung Lee, and Yeong Mo Son. "Land-use Change Assessment by Permanent Sample Plots in National Forest Inventory." Journal of Climate Change Research 6, no. 1 (2015): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15531/ksccr.2015.6.1.33.

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Chagneau, P., F. Mortier, and N. Picard. "Designing permanent sample plots by using a spatially hierarchical matrix population model." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics) 58, no. 3 (2009): 345–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00657.x.

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Puri, L., H. Meilby, S. Rayamajhi, et al. "Growth and volume based on permanent sample plots in forests managed by communities." Banko Janakari 22, no. 2 (2013): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v22i2.9194.

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In order to monitor the woody biomass yield 241 permanent sample plots wereestablished in four forests (total 2017 ha) across three physiographic regionsof Nepal. Tree species identification, tree positioning and diameter at breastheight (DBH) for all trees and height for a sample of trees were measured in2005 and 2010. Results presented are density and volume by forest, speciesand diameter class in 2010 and the species-wise increment between 2005and 2010 by forest. Standing volumes were between 134 and 311 m3ha-1, andannual volume increment was 2.5-7.6 m3ha-1. These plots may be utilized forf
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Thérien, Guillaume. "Growth prediction of recent permanent sample plots for forest inventory projection." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31159.

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Permanent sample plots have become the main source of information for estimating models which quantify the dynamic processes of a forest. Fitted models allow for projecting inventories, used to determine timber production and many forest management decisions. The quality of these models is largely dependent on the quality of the information provided by the permanent sample plots. However, the pool of information contained in recent permanent sample plots is limited. Efficient estimation techniques must use all the information available from such plots. Current estimation techniques can be imp
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Karfakis, Theodoros. "Amazonian forest functional composition and resilience to sellective logging : an enquiry using permanent sample plot data and computer simulation models." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/31410.

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This study set out to explore the hypothesis that previously undisturbed Amazonian terra firme (non-flooded) tropical forests show a gradient in resilience to selective logging as a function of tree species functional composition and in particular a positive relation with the presence of a specific ecological guild regarded as intermediate in the process of ecological succession known as the light hardwoods (LHW's). Field data came from the Manaus and Tapajos regions in Brazil and the Puerto Maldonado region in Peru. In response to drought stress induced canopy opening which is the natural dis
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Books on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Schmid-Haas, Paul. Forest inventories by unmarked permanent sample plots: Instructions. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, 1993.

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Clay, Douglas. Can permanent sample plots conducted by non-foresters be used for monitoring? Parks Canada, Atlantic Region], 1997.

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Kuswata, Kartawinata, and Center for International Forestry Research., eds. A field guide to the permanent sample plots in the reduced-impact logging block 27 at CIFOR Malinau research forest East Kalimantan. Center for International Forestry Research, 2006.

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Kartawinata, Kuswata. A field guide to the permanent sample plots in the conventional logging blocks 28 & 29 at CIFOR Malinau research forest East Kalimantan. Center for International Forestry Research, 2006.

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Otsamo, Riikka. Development of natural floodplain forest along Tana River close to Bura Irrigation and Settlement Scheme in Tana River District, Kenya: Results from the permanent sample plots (TANFOR). Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 1992.

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Karsh, M. B. Guidelines for editing permanent sample plot data. Forestry Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador Region, 1993.

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Alberta. Public Lands and Forests Division. Permanent sample plot (PSP) field procedures manual. Public lands and forests division, 2005.

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Alberta. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. Permanent sample plot (psp) field procedures manual. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Public Lands and Forests Division, Forest Management Branch, 2005.

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1961-, Porter Kevin B., and Atlantic Forestry Centre, eds. New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database (PSPDB v1.0): User's guide and analysis. Atlantic Forestry Centre, 2001.

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Ambon, Indonesia) Workshop Strategi Monitoring &. Pelaporan Plot Sampel Permanen di Propinsi Maluku (2013. Prosiding Workshop Strategi Monitoring & Pelaporan Plot Sampel Permanen di Propinsi Maluku. Kementerian Kehutanan, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Shakacite, Obote, Phillimon Ngandwe, Vincent Nyirenda, and Donald Chungu. "Characteristics of the Tropical Hardwood—Tree Species for Renewable Energy Production in Zambia." In Environmental Sciences. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106727.

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This work studied the diversity, abundance, and distribution of 25 most suitable indigenous tropical hardwood tree species for value-added renewable energy production. The study aimed to assess relative abundance, diversity, distribution, current status, and uses by local communities of these species which are still poorly known. The study is based on data from nationwide remeasured permanent sample plots for Zambia covering different types of forests in agro-ecological zones 1 and 2. Diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥2.5 cm was collected and analyzed in all plots. The study approach included i
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"4198 permanent sample plot [n]." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Landscape and Urban Planning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76435-9_9472.

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Bogaard, Amy, and Glynis Jones. "Neolithic farming in Britain and central Europe: contrast or continuity?" In Going Over: The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in North-West Europe. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264140.003.0019.

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Farming in Britain has been characterized by some authors as the transient and sporadic cultivation of food that had a limited economic importance, and more specifically as the production of special or symbolic foods consumed in ritual contexts. Farming in central Europe, by contrast, has been characterized as subsistence cultivation of staple crops. Much of the literature on Neolithic farming in Britain and central Europe, therefore, suggests a sharp contrast in the nature and purpose of cultivation. This chapter compares archaeobotanical data from Britain and central Europe to see how they d
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Ribeiro, Nuno de Almeida, Peter Surový, and António Cipriano Pinheiro. "Adaptive Management on Sustainability of Cork Oak Woodlands." In Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-472-1.ch402.

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The cork oak woodland production systems result from the integration of conflicting activities in the same space creating the need of constant search of equilibrium between its components in order to achieve sustainability. In a climate change environment, associated with recent modifications in rural societies, adaptive management concepts are needed so as to maintain cork oak woodland systems sustainable. Nowadays/Currently cork oak woodlands are facing disturbances that are affecting the production system sustainability both by intensification of the activities undercover- that leads to a l
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Leigh, G. J. "The Development of Agriculture: Maintaining Soil Fertility." In The World's Greatest Fix. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195165821.003.0006.

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The reason why nitrogen is necessary for all living things was established in chapter 1. We also saw the kind of intellectual and theoretical basis upon which the scientific understanding of that necessity had to be established. We now consider the other side of the nitrogen coin: the kinds of agriculture that were actually practised in various selected parts of the world at different times. It is generally accepted that from the earliest times when human beings first lived in groups, they gathered their food wherever they happened to find it, or else they hunted it. The development of agricul
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Conference papers on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Sivolapov, Aleksey, T. Blagodarova, and Vladimir Sivolapov. "HALF-CENTURY MONITORING OF THE CONDITION OF AUTOCHTHONIC POPLAR TREE STANDS IN THE KHOPERSKY RESERVE." In FORESTRY-BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL PHYTOCOENOSES. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58168/fbfsnap2024_142-146.

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This paper provides an analysis of the fifty-year dynamics of the main characteristics of white poplar (Populus alba L.), gray poplar (Populus canescens Sm.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.) stands on the territory of the Khopersky State Nature Reserve based on materials from permanent trial plots established by A. I. Sivolapov in 1972 and 1976 for the purpose of selective selection of the most productive and stable clonal micropopulations of these species. The changes that occur in the sample plots every five years and significant statistical material allow us to carry out with great relia
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Damyanova, Sonya. "COMPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THROUGHFALL COMPOSITION IN BEECH ECOSYSTEMS IN WESTERN BULGARIA." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/5.1/s20.10.

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An assessment of processes in forest stands requires the monitoring of many parameters. The annual dynamics and composition of precipitation show the impact of atmospheric depositions on ecosystems. Throughfall depositions play a significant role not only in the dynamics of canopy processes but also influence soil conditions through the interception processes and element changes in canopies. The study was carried out in two permanent sample plots located at different altitudes in the Western Stara Planina in Bulgaria. The Petrohan site is a part of the Long-Term Ecological Research Network and
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El Maimouni, Fadwa, Omar Mirza, Abdelkader Aissaoui, et al. "First Permanent Inflow Monitoring Experience in a Smart-Liner, Intelligent-Completion, Multi-Lateral Adnoc Offshore Well." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207963-ms.

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Abstract The scope of this paper is to share a field experience with permanent inflow tracer deployment and monitoring of an intelligent multi-lateral well, completed with Smart-Liner (Limited Entry Liner). It will describe what ADNOC Offshore has learnt through inflow tracing clean up surveillance from several restarts and steady state production through inflow modelling interpretation techniques. This passive method of permanent monitoring technology utilizes chemistry and materials expertise to design tracers that release signature responses when they come into contact with either in-situ o
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Jones, Matt, Charles Bourgeois, Trent Pehlke, et al. "Adding Depth: The Superiority of Volumetric Perforation Erosion Analysis for Evaluating Stimulation Performance and Optimizing Completion Designs." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2118/223542-ms.

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Objectives/Scope Permanent fiber optics and high-resolution acoustic imaging are two diagnostic tools commonly used to assess completion design performance in horizontal wells. Fiber optics offer real-time data at the cluster level but can be costly and prone to mechanical failure. In contrast, acoustic imaging is much more affordable but only captures temporal snapshots of data. This paper thoroughly examines how advanced perforation (perf) erosion analysis with three-dimensional (3D) measurements can produce analytical results comparable to fiber. Methods, Procedures, Process Perf tunnel vol
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Trallero Sanz, Antonio Miguel, and Antonio Miguel Trayero Arroyo. "Interpretation of the Lost Architectural Heritage of Guadalajara (Spain) - Its Dissemination and Tourist Promotion." In HEDIT 2024 - International Congress for Heritage Digital Technologies and Tourism Management. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/hedit2024.2024.17425.

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Architectural Heritage is part of the Cultural Heritage inherited from the past, which is why its conservation and recovery is important, but so is knowledge of the lost heritage, of those manifestations of which traces or remains remain, forming part of what is the Archaeological Heritage, and even also that of which only descriptions or references remain collected in documentary sources. Regarding the Lost Heritage, although excavations and discoveries are essential as a source of information, other research methods are essential, such as the study of documentary sources, especially graphics
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Castellucci a, Ignacio, Pedro Arezes b, and Johan Molenbroek c. "Applied Anthropometrics in School Furniture Design: Which Criteria Should be Used for Standardization?" In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100791.

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Students most likely have one of the most sedentary occupations, one where permanent habits of sitting are formed. However, there is much more concern regarding office furniture. The mismatch between students and school furniture is likely to result in a number of negative effects, such as uncomfortable body posture, pain, and ultimately, it may also affect the learning process. This situation has provoked an increased concern about school classrooms, particularly regarding the study and design of school furniture. An important milestone is setting standards for school furniture, where a serie
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AlSenafy, Mohammad, Noor Al-Kandari, Malak Al-Khayouti, et al. "Optimizing Water Management in Kuwait's Wells: A Case Study on Achieving a 78% Reduction in Water Production for Sustainable Water-Oil Practices." In GOTECH. SPE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2118/224454-ms.

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Abstract Currently 70% of the Oil and Gas Production is from Mature fields (O'Brien et al., 2016) which has increased the challenges due to high water production. A holistic approach to balance operational efficiency, cost optimization, and environmental responsibility is key for sustainable growth. An integrated water conformance approach combining identification of source of water production, strategic engineering planning, technological innovation will be discussed in this paper. Early planning and intervention will increase the success rate of water conformance treatment by 40%. This work
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Reports on the topic "Permanent sample plots"

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Ward, Kimiora. Sierra Nevada Network high elevation white pine monitoring: 2021 annual report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302327.

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Five-needle white pines (Family Pinaceae, Genus Pinus, Subgenus Strobus), and in particular whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), limber pine (P. flexilis), and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana) are foundation species in upper subalpine and treeline forests of several National Park Service Pacific West Region parks, including Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) and Yosemite National Park (YOSE). The Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program, in collaboration with the Klamath Network, Upper Columbia Basin Network, and Mojave Desert Network have implemented a joint long-term m
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Ward, Kimiora. Sierra Nevada Network white pine monitoring: 2022 annual report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301003.

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Five-needle white pines (Family Pinaceae, Genus Pinus, Subgenus Strobus), and in particular whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), limber pine (P. flexilis), and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana) are foundation species in upper subalpine and treeline forests of several National Park Service Pacific West Region parks, including Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) and Yosemite National Park (YOSE). The Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program, in collaboration with the Klamath Network, Upper Columbia Basin Network, and Mojave Desert Network have implemented a joint long-term m
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Peitz, David, and Tani Hubbard. Bird monitoring at Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota: Status report 2009?2022. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303740.

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In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Pipestone National Monument to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Prairie Potholes Bird Conserv
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Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287875.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Wilson’s Creek National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 38 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min
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Peitz, David, and Tani Hubbard. Bird monitoring at Homestead National Historical Park, Nebraska: Status report 2009?2022. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303805.

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In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Homestead National Historical Park to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Central Mixed Grass Pr
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Peitz, David, and Tani Hubbard. Bird monitoring at Effigy Mounds National Monument, Iowa: Status report 2009?2022. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303731.

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In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Effigy Mounds National Monument to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Prairie Hardwood Transiti
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Peitz, David. Bird community monitoring at Pea Ridge National Military Park, Arkansas: Status report 2008–2021. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294263.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Pea Ridge National Military Park, Arkansas in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park. These data also improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 99 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during
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Peitz, David, and Tani Hubbard. Bird monitoring at Herbert Hoover National Historic Site, Iowa: Status report 2005?2022. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303787.

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In 2005, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Herbert Hoover National Historic Site to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Eastern Tallgrass P
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Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at George Washington Carver National Monu-ment, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287852.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on George Washington Carver National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 70 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 100 x 100-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot durin
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Cox-Ammann, Karah, Mirella Cortez, Eric Dinger, and Alexis Necarsulmer. Rocky intertidal monitoring: 2021–2022 results from Redwood National and State Parks. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2309092.

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This report presents survey results from 2021 and 2022 for the rocky intertidal community at 3 sites at Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) in Del Norte County, California. These sites are part of MARINe (Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network), a regional intertidal monitoring network sponsored by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), with additional funding and support from local and state governments, universities, and private organizations (see www.marine.ucsc.edu). Funding for annual monitoring in RNSP is provided by the National Park Service (NPS) Klamath Network (KLMN) throug
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