Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peroxydation'
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HAUVILLE, CAROLINE. "Modelisation radiolytique de la peroxydation d'acides gras polyinsatures." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05S015.
Full textMadar, Valérie. "La péroxydation lipidique." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P121.
Full textDeneque, Martine. "Acide gras, lipides, peroxydation dans la sclérose en plaques." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M155.
Full textBen, Baouali Abdellah. "Intérêt de l'évaluation de peroxydation lipidique en physiopathologie et étude de la protection myocardique (approches expérimentales et cliniques)." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS003.
Full textPinot, Edith. "Synthèse totale des quatre diastéréoisomères de la 15-E2t-isoprostane." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20014.
Full textCucurou, Christophe. "Activité péroxydasique des lipoxygénases : caractérisation et conséquences biochimiques." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P602.
Full textBonnes-Taourel, Dominique. "Evaluation de la peroxydation lipidique d'échantillons biologiques par la mesure des aldehydes formes." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T016.
Full textColas, Séverine. "Alimentation et sensibilité des tumeurs aux traitements anti-cancéreux : influence des acides gras poly-insaturés N-3." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4014.
Full textSeveral studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increase th eefficacy of anthracyclines. The general purpose of this thesis work was to understand th einteraction between n-3 PUFA and tumor sensitivity to treatment, using an autochthonous rat mammary tumor model. Our study showed that : alpha-tocopherol interferes with the n-3 PUFA induced chemosensitization of mammary tumors to epirubicin ; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) sensitizes mammary tumors to radiation therapy (effect abolished by an alphatocopherol supply, suggesting that lipoperoxidation may be implied) ; the pivotal role of vascularization in tumor response to antitumoral drugs ; The DHA-induced enhancement of tumor response to epirubicin was accompanied by a decrease in tumor vascularization. Moreover, this chemosensitization was inhibited by alpha-tocopherol supply in a dose dependant manner
Enoiu, Milica. "Rôle pro-oxydant de la gamma-glutamyltransférase et de la gamma-glutamyltransférase related dans la peroxydation lipidique." Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0289_ENOIU.pdf.
Full textPajean, Muriel. "Stabilisation de liposomes en présence de collagène." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10036.
Full textOubidar, Mohamed. "Implication du fer tissulaire dans la peroxydation lipidique au niveau cerebral et myocardique." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOPE01.
Full textDerache, Philippe. "Influence de la reduction des xenobiotiques organo-nitres sur la peroxydation des phospholipides." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30062.
Full textPeiro, Géraldine. "Le conjugué mercapturique du 1,4-dihydroxynonène : un nouveau biomarqueur de la peroxydation lipidique?" Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30041.
Full textThe search of reliable lipid peroxidation biomarkers is essential in clinics, because these biomarkers are the reflection of the level of oxidative stress that is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. 1,4-dihydroxynonene (DHN-MA) is an urinary metabolite of a compound that comes from peroxidation of linoleic and arachidonic acids. We showed here that its excretion was increased under conditions of oxidative stress chemically induced by haloalkane. In contrast, its excretion remained unchanged in other models of pathophysiological oxidative stress. In order respects, DHN-MA excretion was dramatically increased when rats were fed a diet rich in linoleic acid together with heme iron. So, the urinary excretion of this compound is very dependent on the composition of the diet and particularly its ability to be peroxidized. Then DHN-MA seems to be an unreliable biomarker of endogenous lipid peroxidation but excellent reflection of food quality
Vulcain, Emmanuelle. "Propriétés antioxydantes de microconstituants : inhibition de la peroxydation lipidique initiée par des métalloprotéines." Avignon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AVIG0221.
Full textDietary antioxydants (mainly polyphenols et carotenoids) can accumulate in important concentrations in the gastro-intestinal tract after a meal. Moreover, in this site, dietary metalloproteins can accelerate the autoxidation of polyunsaturated dietary lipids into potentially toxic hydroperoxides and carbonyl compounds. The inhibition of this process could be one of the most significant mechanisms of in vivo antioxidant activity for dietary antioxidants. This work is essentially aimed at modelling this phenomenon by a physico-chemical approach. Thus, lipid peroxidation induced by horse heart metmyoglobin (heme iron) or soy lipoxygenase (non heme iron) is investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy and HPLC in mildly acidic emulsions of linoleic acid. With both metalloproteins, quercetin (polyphenol) and -tocopherol appear as efficient inhibitors (IC50 < 1 M). A deeper investigation of the metmyoglobin-initiated peroxidation shows that quercetin (hydrophilic antioxidant) acts in the aqueous phase by quickly reducing hypervalent iron within the heme cavity whereas -tocopherol (lipophilic antioxidant) inhibits radical chain peroxidation in the lipid phase by reducing the propagating lipid peroxyl radicals that diffuse from the heme. Moreover, in lipid peroxidation catalyzed by lipoxygenase, quercetin exerts a double action : binding to the active site (competitively to linoleic acid, KI = 0. 3 M) + antioxidant action by reduction of the enzyme catalytic form (FeIII). -Carotene, probably deeply embedded into the lipid phase, and also much less stable into the emulsions, is only a modest peroxidation inhibitor. A partial characterization by HPLC-MS of the antioxidants' oxidation products is proposed. Finally, in an independent part, a comparative study of the four tocopherols and tocotrienols by three distinct tests of antioxidant activity (TEAC, ORAC, PCL) is reported
Duval, Béatrice. "Radicaux libres oxygénés, péroxydes lipidiques et pathologies." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P058.
Full textVan, Gossum André. "Evaluation de la peroxydation lipidique chez l'homme par la mesure du n-pentane expire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213086.
Full textDegousée, Norbert. "Etude du rôle de phénomènes d'oxydation dans l'induction de la synthèse des phytoalexines du soja." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30189.
Full textGalinier, Anne. "Lipoperoxydation chez 58 patients de réanimation." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU31006.
Full textChancerelle, Yves. "Modification des protéines par les produits de peroxydation lipidique : : approche immunologique, application au dialdéhyde malonique." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0083.
Full textLipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to the production of various metabolites, especially malondialdehyde (MDA). This aldehyde, free reactive towards amino groups can induce an amino-imino-propène bridge recognized by specific antibodies (AcAIP). Our objective was the identification of immunological modifications induced by MDA, the study of physiological functions of AcAIP, and their pathophysiological relevance. For this, we developed immun-enzymatic assays for AcAIP evaluation, showed that they preexist in healthy mammals and studied variations of AcAIP in different pathologies associated with lipid peroxidation
Bouzid, Mohamed Amine. "Exercice physique, marqueurs antioxydants et peroxydation lipidique : effets de l'âge et du niveau d'aptitude physique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S030/document.
Full textDuring aging, oxidative stress occurs characterized by an imbalance between the production reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity. It’s well recognized that acute exercise induces oxidative stress which response may be affected by aging. Only few studies have focused on the response of oxidative stress parameters to an acute exercise in relation with aging and they were not made in humans. The first aim of this work was to investigate the response of oxidative stress parameters to acute exercise in young and older subjects. Our results showed that aging has no effects on oxidative stress parameters at rest. However, in response to an acute physical exercise, our results showed that aging is characterized by an antioxidant defenses deficiency and an increase in free radical damage markers. On the other hand, regular physical activity is considered as an effective way to reduce free radical attacks and enhance the antioxidant defense. These adaptations to regular physical activity are often related to the level of physical activity and this has been shown in young subjects. The second aim of this work was to study oxidative stress parameters in elderly subjects with different physical activity levels. Our results showed a positive correlation between physical activity level and antioxidant potential. However, physical activity at high level increases free radical damage in older adults. In view of changes in oxidative stress parameters with aging, adaptations of those to regular physical activity could also be affected by aging phenomena. The aim of the third study of this work was to investigate the effects of aging and physical activity level on oxidative stress parameters responses to an acute exercise. To do so, we compared these parameters in two young subjects groups (active and sedentary) and two older adults groups (active and sedentary) before and after an acute exercise. Our results showed that, benefits of regular physical activity on the oxidative parameters stress were more pronounced in younger age groups compared to older groups. On the other hand, the effects of aging on oxidative stress parameters in the active groups were lower than those noted in the sedentary groups
Cardelain, Xavier. "Etude "in vivo" et "in vitro" des propriétés antioxydantes du probucol vis à vis des lipoprotéines de basse densité (L. D. L. )." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P207.
Full textLaurent, Alexia. "Metabolisme in vitro et in vivo du 4-hydroxynonenal, un produit cytotoxique de la peroxydation des lipides." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05N146.
Full textCrouzet, Bravais Fabienne. "Métabolisme in vivo d'un produit de la péroxydation lipidique, le 4-hydroxynonenal." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT014G.
Full textFINALDI, PATRICIA. "Phenomene de peroxydation lipidique au niveau du poumon au cours de l'infection a vih : a propos de 49 cas." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31093.
Full textPerez, Lemonnier Sophie. "Effet des radiations ultraviolettes sur la cinetique de la peroxydation lipidique et les systemes antioxydants des fibroblastes et keratinocytes humains en culture." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN1B040.
Full textFankhauser, Christine. "Composantes motrice et métabolique de la viabilité post-ischémique de l'intestin chez le chien." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0073.
Full textPiekarski, Dominique. "Mode d'action phytotoxique de certains herbicides, type nitrodiphénylethers." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112361.
Full textBechoua, Shaliha. "Influence d'une supplémentation en acides gras N-3 d'origine marine sur le statut antioxydant et l'activation des lymphocytes humains : application au vieillissement." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0041.
Full textAgeing process characterized by decreased antioxidant defenses is usually accompanied with a moderate decline of immune functions. The effects of marine oils on the lymphocyte functions were due to the high level of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA, DHA). N-3 fatty acids from fish oils are known to have either pro- or anti-oxidant properties depending on the dose used. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether supplementation of the diets of healthy elderly people wiU1 very low doses of RO-PUFA (DHA and EPA) were able to improve their antioxidant potential and immune responses. Although no drastic modification in the fatty acid composition of plasma lipids was observed the proliferative response of lymphocytes to several mitogens was significantly decreased in the RO-PUFA group. The decreased proliferative response was accompanied with a slight lowering of their cytosolic cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities, a marked and significant increase of their particulate PDE activities and a slight but significant increase of cyclic nucleotide intracellular levels. In the same time, the glutathione peroxidase activity was markedly and significantly depressed in the RO-PUFA group. These results demonstrate that even very low doses of n-3 fatty acids are sufficient to affect the immune responses of elderly subjects. On the other hand, experimentations were performed in vitro to understand the biochemical mechanisms implied in the N-3 fatty acid immunosuppressive effects. In mitogen-activated lnm. 1an mononuclear cells, DHA stimulates both phospholipase D and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activities which ultimately results in a decreased phosphatidate production which will be responsible of the immunosuppressive effects produced by DRA. Lastly, we show that low doses of DHA are able to prevent some of the H202-induced alterations such as lipid peroxidation and PDE inhibition. DHA might thus offer some protection against oxidant-induced lymphocyte suppression
Kumar, Ashutosh. "Photo et thermovieillissement d'élastomères : dualité "évolution chimique" / "évolution de la structure moléculaire"." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF22452.
Full textRoche, Marjolaine. "Etude cinétique et mécanismes de l'activité antioxydante des phénols de l'olive dans différents systèmes modèles : inhibition de la peroxydation de l'acide linoléique lié à la sérum albumine." Avignon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AVIG0220.
Full textOlive phenols could take part in the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet. Moreover, they are especially abundant in the olive oil by-products. This thesis deals with the antioxidant mechanisms of olive phenols in various models. Three extracts from olive oil by-products respectively rich in hydroxycinnamic acids, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol were obtained and the last extract has been characterized by its antioxidant activity (DPPH°, ABTS+° and Rancimat tests). The scavenging of DPPH° radicals by olive phenols reveals, in general, strong stoichiometries in agreement with the structures of oxidation products: dimers and water adducts (HPLC-MS). Moreover, during the inhibition of peroxidation of linoleic acid in a micellar system (SDS), it was demonstrated that phenols (hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein) act as ‘retardants' by scavenging initiating radicals in aqueous phase. In the presence of HSA, olive phenols with a catechol group inhibit the peroxidation of linoleic acid with a well-defined lag phase which persists after antioxidant consumption (residual activity of the oxidation products). Likewise, olive phenols with catechol group protect enzyme butyrylcholine esterase from oxidative degradation
Di, Tommaso Stefania. "Modélisation moléculaire et cinétique du processus de peroxydation de composés organiques : le cas des éthers aliphatiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00644375.
Full textPech, Jérôme. "Peroxydation générée par jet de plasma d'arc soufflé. Relation entre surface, oxydation et adhérence de dépôt." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES018.
Full textFadel, Ophélie. "Étude des propriétés interfaciales de polyphénols modèles : compréhension des mécanismes d'action au niveau membranaire." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2012.
Full textOxidative stress in biological systems is controlled by the balance between pro- and antioxidants. The protective effect of antioxidant molecules is crucial to preserve the functions of biomolecules that can be degraded by an oxidative stress. DNA, proteins and lipids are the major targets. The protective efficiency of antioxidant may then depend on the oxidizable substrate and their cellular location : near areas where prooxidants are produced or near the biomolecular targets of oxidant attacks. Polyphenols are natural antioxidants commonly distributed in the plant-kingdom and our diet. Their role in the prevention of degenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress constitutes an emerging field of research. We studied some polyphenols belonging to different classes (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans) to establish a relationship between structure, membrane insertion and antioxidant activity. To better understand their biological activity, we investigated the ability of polyphenols to interact with lipid membranes by using models such as liposomes and Langmuir monolayers. We highlighted the different parameters involved in their activity. Thanks to their structure, polyphenols scavenge free radicals efficiently. They are able to insert spontaneously into lipid vesicles. Thus, their location at the polar headgroups of phospholipids and their ability to increase lipid order in fluid phase would enable them to improve their efficacy. Furthermore, polyphenols would insert into biological membranes without altering their physicochemical properties and exhibit a greater affinity for unsaturated lipids, which are the targets of the oxydation. Finally, the antioxidant efficacy of polyphenols against lipid peroxidation would be explained by the activty of molecules found both in the membrane and in the external compartment
Laplace, Martine. "Radicaux libres et maladie de Parkinson." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P017.
Full textGobert, Mylène. "Prévention de la peroxydation des acides gras polyinsaturés par des antioxydants alimentaires chez le bovin en production." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF1MM23.
Full textIn cattle, diets can be supplemented in lipids from oleaginous seeds rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to improve the fatty acid nutritional value of their products (milk and meat). Lipid supplementation with extruded linseeds, increased deposition of n-3 PUFA in muscles, but also the lipoperoxidation risk in plasma and tissues, detrimental for the health of animals and the nutritional quality of their products. In this context, use of antioxidants such as vitamin E is recommended, but its efficiency is limited when provided alone with n-3 PUFA rich diets. Our studies aimed at preventing the lipoperoxidation risk by adding natural antioxidants in cattle diets. A mixture of plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP, 10 g/kg DM) and vit E (375 UI/kg DM) given to lactating dairy cows fed n-3 PUFA-rich diets (50 g lipids/kg diet DM), was the most effective (compared with vitamin E alone) to reduce plasma lipoperoxidation. In finishing cull cows, being sensibilized to lipoperoxidation by n-3 PUFA supplement (40 g lipids/kg DM), a combined supply of PERP (7 g/kg DM) and vitamin E (155 UI/kg DM) is also the most effective to reduce plasma lipoperoxidation intensity, even in animals stressed before slaughter. Moreover, these antioxidants improved lipid protection of n-3 PUFA-rich beef against lipoperoxidation amplified by packaging treatments under oxygen or a pre-slaughter stress of animals. Additionally, supplementation of diets with vit E+PERP increased beef colour stability, a favourable factor for beef purchase by consumer. These original results led to beneficial applications for the beef industry allowing preservation of beef nutritional and sensorial qualities and possible increase of the duration for sale and consumption of products
Keddad, Karim. "Glycogenoses hépatiques : étude des lipoprotéines et de certains systèmes antioxydants plasmatiques et érythrocytaires, relations avec les propriétés rhéologiques du globule rouge." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA114833.
Full textDoyotte, Aurélie. "Etude de la lipoperoxydation et de la 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, en tant que biomarqueurs de toxicité chez Unio tumidus, bivalve dulçaquicole, exposés in situ à des sédiments contaminés et en conditions de stress chimique." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Doyotte.Aurelie.SMZ9813.pdf.
Full textThe goal of this work was to evaluate the potential of lipid peroxidation estimated by the measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA), and of the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), as biomarkers of toxicity in a benthic freshwater mussel Unio tumidus. The bivalves were transferred in sites characterised by different contamination profiles, upstream and downstream from the pollution source. The results showed that MDA and 8OHdG could be valuable indicators traducing the cytotoxic effects of chemicals and of contaminated sediments. The increase of the MDA levels were encountered after two weeks of exposure in the bivalves exposed to sediments mainly polluted by different classes of contaminants – PAHs, PCBs and metals – demonstrating its interest in the case of multiple contamination. The data indicated that the induction of lipid peroxidation and the increased formation of the 8OHdG were not necessary linked. The measurement of the 8OHdG could represent an early marker of the impact of the environmental contaminants. Depending on the pollution profiles, the gills and the digestive glands appeared to be more affected by the stress induced by the exposure to the contaminated sediments. The determination of MDA was achieved ate the same time by the TBA test and by HPLC. The changes shown by the TBA test were less marked and often not significant compared to the controls. A relationship was established between the degree of depletion of the cytosolic antioxidant systems and the occurrence of lipid peroxidation : the peroxidation seemed induced when the alterations of the antioxidant defence reached a critical threshold. A relation between the induction of lipid peroxidation and the degree of the contamination of the sediments by PAHs, PCBs or metals was found ; the level of metallic contamination does not always permit to predict the biological effects of the toxicity. These discrepancies can be explained by problem of bioavailability of the pollutants present in the sediments and by the fact that other contaminants than those measured are responsible for the biological effects observed. These results focus on the importance to apply a multimarker approach, including particularly markers of exposure, in order to interpretate better the relations between the biological perturbations and the levels of contamination of the sites
Steinberg, Jean-Guillaume. "Neurotoxicité aiguë de l'oxygène hyperbare : lipopéroxydation régionale cérébrale, systèmes neurotransmetteurs et relâche de corticolibérine et de somatostatine." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10231.
Full textPlantivaux, Amandine. "Implication du stress oxydant en réponse à des perturbations environnementales." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4035.
Full textOxidative stress occurs when the physiological balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants is disrupted and the oxidants favored, with possible cellular damages. This imbalance can be caused by environmental modifications. The marine invertebrate Anemonia viridis (sea anemone) is an appropriate model to study the oxidative stress. This animal harbors photosynthetic symbionts in its cells. By their photosynthetic activity, the symbionts create daily hyperoxia in the host tissues. In order to understand how the animal can deal with such an hyperoxia, their superoxide dismutases (SOD), key enzymes of detoxication, were characterized. The symbiotic association between the sea anemone and the zooxanthellae also faces environmental modifications. Many stresses (temperature, UV) can disrupt the symbiosis, leading to the bleaching of the animal host. The damages caused by a rise in temperature were studied, especially the protein carbonylation. Exposure to UV rays is another example of environmental alteration, which increases the production of oxidative molecules. Skin being the first protection of the organism against UV, it is submitted to oxidative stress. In collaboration with the cosmetic firm Vincience, assays to measure the antioxidant activity of a molecule were developed on cultured human skin cells
Fleuranceau, Patricia. "Origine de l'altération du captage de la dopamine lors d'une oxydation spontanée dans des synaptosomes de striatum de rat." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT1801.
Full textLorrain, Bénédicte. "Modélisaton chimique du pouvoir antioxydant des polyphénols dans le compartiment gastrique : inhibition de l'oxydation lipidique initiée par la metmyoglobine dans des émulsions stabilisées par la sérum albumine ou les phospholipides." Avignon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AVIG0611.
Full textDiets rich in fruits and vegetables are associated with a lower incidence of degenerative diseases. Dietary antioxidants are possible mediators of these beneficial effects. They could play a key role within the gastric tract where they are accumulated in large concentrations after a meal rich in plant products. Indeed, the gastric tract, exposed to pro- and antioxidant species from the diet, can be regarded as an effective bioreactor. Lipid oxidation there can be quite fast and leads to the formation of toxic and bioavailable oxidation products. This work is aimed at studying lipid oxidation initiated by metmyoglobin in chemical models of the gastric content and its inhibition by dietary polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, (+)-catechin, caffeic and chlorogenic acids) and vitamins (-tocopherol and ascorbic acid). The oxidation of sunflower oil-in-water emulsions stabilized either by serum albumin (BSA) or phospholipids is monitored at pH 4 or 5,8 by the accumulation of conjugated dienes and volatile compounds in the presence or absence of antioxidants. Polyphenols (especially quercetin) are better lipid oxidation inhibitors than -tocopherol and ascorbic acid. The pH and emulsifier are the main factors governing the oxidation rates and the antioxidant stability
Rhayem, Yara. "Etude de propriétés antioxydantes et cytoprotectrices du resvératrol et d'analogues structuraux." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05P642.
Full textOxidative stress is implicated in chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural antioxidant displaying anti-tumor, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Our work aimed to study the antioxidative and cytoprotective properties of resveratrol’s structural analogues. We participated in the development of a simple spectrophotometrical technique to determine the trans-/cis- resveratrol ratio. We also studied the in vitro protective effects of three derivatives of resveratrol, i. E. , piceatannol(trans-3,5,3_,4_-tetrahydroxystilbene), PDM2 (1,3-dichloro-5-[(1E)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]-benzene) and PDM11 ((E)-5-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-dimethoxyphenyl-ethene), compared with resveratrol as reference compound, against oxidation of linoleate micelles (10-2 M) initiated by radiolysisgenerated hydroxyl radicals. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by conjugated dienes (differential absorbance at 234 nm), and by hydroperoxides (reverse phase HPLC with chemiluminescence detection). The higher the concentration of resveratrol or piceatannol (from 10-5M to 10-4 M), the stronger the antioxidant ability. Piceatannol, with the presence of an additional hydroxyl group, showed a better antioxidant effect than resveratrol for a given concentration (competition with the fatty acid to scavenge lipid peroxyl radicals LOO•), whereas PDM2 and PDM11, without any hydroxyl group, did not exhibit any significant protective effect. A lower limit for the LOO• rate constant has been estimated for piceatannol (≥ 1. 4×105M-1 s-1) and for resveratrol (≥ 0. 3×105 M-1 s-1). The cytoprotective effect of two hydroxylated analogues, piceatannol and hexahydroxystilbene (collaboration with Dr. Jaeger, Vienna, Austria) compared with resveratrol, was evaluated by measuring the activities of caspase-3 and Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) undergoing high glucose (25 mM) stress conditions and pre-treated or co-treated with the studied analogues (1-10-50 µM). Only a partial cytoprotective effect of these molecules seemed to be observed under our experimental conditions
Cerrati, Claude. "Composition lipidique foliaire de plantes de la région méditerranéenne. Caractérisation par couplage CG/SM et activité antioxydante." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30072.
Full textGentil-Traversa, Sandrine. "Elaboration des hydrates du péroxyde d'uranium : étude thermodynamique des équilibres solide-liquide dans le système quaternaire réciproque H2O-UO2(NO3)2, H2O2 - 2HNO3,UO4." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10053.
Full textLeray, Cogrel Pascale. "Etude de la susceptibilite a la peroxydation lipidique induite par le fer d'une lignee d'hepatome de rat (lignee fao)." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1B023.
Full textFaure, Patrice. "Zinc et diabète sucré : implications dans la péroxydation lipidique et la sensibilité à l'insuline." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE18011.
Full textAberkane, Hayet. "Métabolisme oxydatif du glutathion : rôle de la gamma-glutamyltransférase et conséquences cellulaires." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN12504.
Full textCao, Huibi. "La paraoxonase associée aux HDL : polymorphisme génétique et impact sur l'inhibition de la péroxydation des lipoprotéines." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO1T281.
Full textCaron, Laurent. "Microémulsions oxydantes polyphasiques : synthèse et utilisation de catalyseurs amphiphiles optimaux." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376_2005_386.pdf.
Full textZimmermann, Laurence. "Contribution à l'étude de la péroxydabilité des lipides plasmatiques et érythrocytaires dans l'hyperlipémie." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA114816.
Full text