Journal articles: 'Persian cats'

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Pratiwi, Rina Hidayati, Rania Dwita Astiningrum, and Yulistiana Yulistiana. "Analysis of Dermatophytosis Therapy at Persian Cat After Using Apple Vinegar (Malus domestica)." Media Kedokteran Hewan 33, no. 1 (2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkh.v33i1.2022.35-47.

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Dermatophytosis is a skin disease that mostly infects Persian cats caused by microorganisms, Microsoprum canis. Fungal diseases are often repeated on the surface of the cat's skin and the treatment is still using synthetic chemical-based drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to use a natural antifungal that is economically easy to obtain and can minimize side effects when the cat is undergoing treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the response of skin surface in Persian cats (Felis sp.) after using apple cider vinegar. The method used to analyze is a qualitative descriptive method with triangulation techniques. After analyzing the eradication of fungi in 4 samples of Persian cats (Felis sp.) through the use of apple cider vinegar, it was found that the use of apple cider vinegar can eradicate fungi in Persian cats. The cat that had been treated with apple cider vinegar experienced a very good change, where the cat was no longer scratching his body intensely because he felt very itchy caused by the fungus, and his body was clean and had no more fungal crusts. After the fungus is completely removed from the cat's body, the cat's hair will immediately grow by itself. The conclusion is apple cider vinegar can be used for dermatophytosis therapy systemic because it has the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi activity.

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Margolis, Carol, Maja Zakošek Pipan, Jolie Demchur, Matan Or, Paula Henthorn, and Margret L. Casal. "Congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a family of Persian cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 4, no. 2 (2018): 205511691880430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116918804305.

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Case series summary The congenital midline defects of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) and omphalocele are believed to be related developmental defects, and have both been described in cats and dogs. This case series describes multiple cases of PPDH and omphalocele in related cats. The majority of cats affected with midline defects (PPDH or omphalocele) were male, consistent with previous reports of male overrepresentation. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a family of Persian cats affected by PPDH and/or omphalocele. Clinical findings and pedigree information are suggestive of an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. However, other modes of inheritance cannot be ruled out owing to limited sample size. The findings in this family and previous reports of Persians affected by PPDH warrant further investigation. Based on this information, recommendations for breeding populations of Persians and long-haired cats should include thoracic radiographs to screen for PPDH until a DNA-based genetic test is available.

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Moazezi Ghavihelm, Ali, Shahram Jamshidi, Iraj Ashrafi Tamai, and Mahsa Zangisheh. "Molecular detection of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related breeds in Iran." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 8, no. 1 (2022): 205511692110709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551169211070991.

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Objectives This study was aimed at detecting feline autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in a population of Persian and Persian-related breeds by a molecular method in Iran. Methods Buccal swab samples were collected from 47 cats and examined with a touchdown PCR method. Additionally, partial sequencing was performed in two cats with bilateral renal cysts. Results Twenty-two cats (46.8%) were diagnosed as heterozygous for this mutation. Sequence analysis of two cats showed C to A point mutation in the PKD1 gene, as in previous studies. Conclusions and relevance Prevalence of this disease is high in Iran, highlighting the need for molecular screening tests before including cats in breeding programmes.

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Laus, José Luiz, Felipe Antônio Mendes Vicenti, Ivia Carmen Talieri, Adriana Torrecilhas Jorge, and Aline Adriana Bolzan. "Primary entropion in persian cats." Ciência Rural 29, no. 4 (1999): 737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84781999000400029.

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Entropion is defined as the inward rolling of the eyelid margin in which the eyelashes and eyelid hair (frequently the lower lateral lid) rub the cornea. Etiologies may be congenital, spastic, or cicatricial. This condition usually causes epiphora, blepharospasm, photophobia, conjunctivitis, purulent discharge, corneal vascularization, pigmentation and ulceration, if not surgically treated. Congenital entropion commonly affects dogs and is frequently hereditary in some breeds, whereas cats are uncommonly affected. A predilection for the Persian breed to present primary entropion has been suggested. The authors report two cases of entropion in Persian cats referred to the Ophthalmology Section of Veterinary College of São Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal - SP / Brazil. First case: a male Persian cat, 2 years old, with a history of bilateral ocular irritation and purulent discharge for 8 months. Ophthalmic examination revealed epiphora, blepharospasm, photophobia, bilateral entropion affecting the whole length of the lower eyelids, conjunctivitis and purulent discharge. Second case: a male Persian cat, 1 year old, with a history of bilateral ocular irritation and purulent discharge for 3 weeks. At ophthalmic examination the animal was presenting epiphora, blepharospasm, photophobia, bilateral entropion affecting the whole length of the lower lids, conjunctivitis, purulent discharge, corneal vascularization, superficial ulceration and edema. The entropion persisted after topical anaestesia in both cats. Surgical treatment was similar in both cases, based on the modified Holtz-Celsus procedure. Grid keratotomy procedure was also performed in the second case. Both cats had a satisfactory clinic evolution which was confirmed few days after surgery.

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Floor, Willem. "A Note On Persian Cats." Iranian Studies 36, no. 1 (2003): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/021086032000062866a.

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Eaton, K. A., D. S. Biller, S. P. DiBartola, M. J. Radin, and M. L. Wellman. "Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in Persian and Persian-cross Cats." Veterinary Pathology 34, no. 2 (1997): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589703400204.

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A form of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) similar in clinical features to human ADPKD occurs in the Persian cat. We characterized the morphologic and immunohistochemical features of this disease in a colony of affected cats. Complete postmortem examinations were performed on 11 normal and 22 affected cats ranging in age from 3 months to 10 years. Kidneys were evaluated by gross and histologic examination, ultrastructure, lectin staining, bromodeoxyuridine immunochemistry for labeling index, and immunochemistry for distribution of Na/K ATPase. Feline ADPKD was characterized by variable numbers of cysts in the renal cortex and medulla. Ultrastructural examination and lectin staining suggested that cysts arose from proximal and distal nephron segments. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling demonstrated increased proliferation of epithelium lining some cysts in young cats. Immunohistochemical staining showed variable translocation of Na/K ATPase from the basolateral membranes of cyst-lining cells to the cytoplasm or luminal membranes. Cystic renal disease commonly was associated with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis and hepatobiliary hyperplasia and fibrosis. Focal hyperplasia of renal tubular epithelium, hepatic cysts, and cardiac lesions were present in some cats. Feline ADPKD shares many morphologic and pathogenetic features with human ADPKD.

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Bagdi, Nóra, Melinda Magdus, E. Leidinger, Judith Leidinger, and K. Vörös. "Frequencies of feline blood types in Hungary." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49, no. 4 (2001): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.49.2001.4.1.

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Feline blood group determination is done as a routine diagnostic method in numerous countries. Blood transfusion reactions and feline neonatal isoerythrolysis (FNI) can be avoided with the identification of different feline blood groups. The present study is the first investigation in Hungary during which 100 cats have been examined from all over the country. These cats were out of six breeds: European domestic shorthair, Persian mix, Persian, Abyssinian, Siamese and British shorthair. In the Hungarian feline population European domestic shorthair are most common but other breeds also occur. European domestic shorthair, Persian mix, Abyssinian, Siamese and British shorthair individuals all belonged to blood type A (100%). Blood type B was found very rarely and only in Persian cats. One-third of the Persian cats were categorised into blood type B, whilst type AB was not found during the study.

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Sieslack, Jana, Daniela Farke, Klaus Failing, Martin Kramer, and Martin J. Schmidt. "Correlation of brachycephaly grade with level of exophthalmos, reduced airway passages and degree of dental malalignment’ in Persian cats." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254420.

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For many years, there has been a trend to breed cats with an increasing degree of brachycephalic head features, which are known to have a severe impact on the animals’ health and welfare. The direct relation between different grades of brachycephaly and their negative implications have not been researched in this species. The aim of this study was therefore to establish correlations between the different grades of brachycephaly and reduced upper respiratory airways, exophthalmos of the eye globes and malalignment of the teeth in Persian cats. Sixty-nine Persian cats of various skull dimensions and ten Domestic shorthair cats were recruited for the study. The cats’ skulls were examined using three-dimensional reconstructions created from Computed Tomography datasets. Brachycephaly was graded using established craniometric measurements (facial index, cranial index, skull index, craniofacial angle). The flow area of the nasal passageways at different locations, the amount of the eye globe not supported by the bony orbit and the axial deviation of the teeth were quantified and evaluated for a correlation with the grade of brachycephaly. The results of this study clearly show that increased grades of brachycephaly in Persian cats resulted in larger extra-orbital parts of the ocular bulbs. The brachycephalic skull dimension also resulted in a lower height of the naso-osseal aperture, while other areas of the nasal airways were not correlated with the severity of brachycephaly. Persian cats showed a significantly increased occurrence of premolar tooth displacement in the upper jaw with increasing brachycephaly grades. It was interesting to note that the measured values had a broad range and values of some individual Persian cats showed an overlap with those of Domestic shorthair cats.

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Steward, Theresa Parvin. "Beyond a Politicization of Persian Cats." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 13, no. 1 (2020): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01301001.

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Abstract In this article I assess the convoluted relationship between Iranian popular musicians and the Western media. Iranian music is generally discussed within a framework of resistance and Iranian musicians are often presented as political ‘revolutionaries’. In this process, many contradictions emerge; musicians crave publicity and recognition, yet resist it in an attempt to present an image of themselves as part of a subversive Iranian ‘underground’, a highly-laden term which in itself is much contested among Iranian musicians. By examining specific media representations, interviewing musicians, and portraying them in an Iranian film marketed toward Western audiences, Bahman Ghobadi’s No One Knows About Persian Cats (2009) illustrates how Iranian musicians exist in a multi-faceted world, beyond protest and defiance. Musicians actively participate in their representation in the media by simultaneously perpetuating certain collective images and attempting to portray a unique sense of self-identity.

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Carney, Hazel C., James J. England, E. Clay Hodgin, Herbert E. Whiteley, Daniel L. Adkison, and John P. Sundberg. "Papillomavirus Infection of Aged Persian Cats." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2, no. 4 (1990): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879000200407.

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Rezaian, G. R., A. Rezakhani, and A. Ahmadifar. "Doppler Echocardiography in Normal Persian Cats." Journal of Applied Animal Research 15, no. 1 (1999): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.1999.9706232.

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12

Bilgen, Nüket, Merve Bişkin Türkmen, Bengi Çınar Kul, et al. "Prevalence of PKD1 gene mutation in cats in Turkey and pathogenesis of feline polycystic kidney disease." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 32, no. 4 (2020): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638720935433.

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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary diseases in cats, with high prevalence in Persian and Persian-related cats. PKD is caused mainly by an inherited autosomal dominant (AD) mutation, and animals may be asymptomatic for years. We screened 16 cats from various breeds exhibiting a renal abnormality by ultrasound examination and genotyped them for the c.10063C>A transversion on exon 29 of the polycystin-1 ( PKD1) gene, by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Among these cats, a Siamese nuclear family of 4 cats with ancestral hereditary renal failure were screened by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to determine novel variations in genes associated with both AD and autosomal recessive PKD in humans. During the study period, one cat died as a result of renal failure and was forwarded for autopsy. Additionally, we screened 294 cats asymptomatic for renal disease (Angora, Van, Persian, Siamese, Scottish Fold, Exotic Shorthair, British Shorthair, and mixed breeds) to determine the prevalence of the mutation in cats in Turkey. Ten of the symptomatic and 2 of the asymptomatic cats carried the heterozygous C → A transversion, indicating a prevalence of 62.5% and 0.68%, respectively. In the WGS analysis of 4 cats in the Siamese nuclear family, novel variations were determined in the fibrocystin gene ( PKHD1), which was not compatible with dominant inheritance of PKD.

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Assadnassab, G., and SD Oskoei. "Application of 99mTc-DTPA Radiotracer in Persian Cat’s Renal Scintigraphy." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 14, no. 9 (2015): 1691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v14i9.21.

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Purpose: To evaluate the suitability of 99mTc-DTPA as a radiotracer in Persian cat's renal scintigraphy.Methods: twelve adult healthy Persian cats were selected. For scintigraphy, the animals were anesthetized and 99mTC-DTPA was injected via the femoral vein as a bolus at a dose of 1.5 mCi. Immediately after intravenous injection of radiotracer, scintigraphic operation was conducted on the renal organ. dministration of the radioisotope and accumulation of radioisotope in the tissues was monitored by specific imaging theemanatingResults: Distinct scintigraphic scans were obtained using 99mTC-DTPA. Visual comparison of the scans indicates that there was no significant difference in the accumulation of radiotracer. In dynamic scans, symmetric and concurrent distribution of 99mTc-DTPA in the kidney was observed.Conclusion: The results show that the radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-DTPA is suitable for use in Persian cat's renal scintigraphy, and this makes it potentially useful in research and clinical practice.Keywords: Kidney, Persian cat, Radiotracer, Scintigraphy, Technetium-99m diethylene triamine pentacaetic acid (99mTc-DTPA)

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Bond, Curtis, Ferguson, Mason, and Rest. "An idiopathic facial dermatitis of Persian cats." Veterinary Dermatology 11, no. 1 (2000): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3164.2000.00168.x.

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15

Maenhout, T., J. Kint, G. Dacremont, R. Ducatelle, J. Leroy, and J. Hoorens. "Mannosidosis in a litter of Persian cats." Veterinary Record 122, no. 15 (1988): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.122.15.351.

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Guerra, Juliana M., Mariana F. Freitas, Alexandre GT Daniel, et al. "Age-based ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 2 (2018): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x18764591.

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Objectives The aim of this study was to establish ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Persian cats. Methods Eighty-two Persian cats were assessed using renal ultrasound and genotyped for the C→A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1. The animals were also submitted to hematological characterization, serum biochemistry analyses and urinalysis. Results Age, sex and neutering status did not differ between ADPKD (n = 12) and non-ADPKD (n = 70) cats. After integrated molecular genetics/ultrasonographic analysis, the presence of at least one renal cyst was sufficient to establish a diagnosis of ADPKD in animals up to 15 months of age. Two or more cysts were required for diagnosis in cats aged 16–32 months, and at least three cysts warranted diagnosis of ADPKD in animals aged 33–49 months. Finally, four or more cysts led to diagnosis in cats aged 50–66 months. Although cats with ADPKD exhibited higher serum calcium levels than non-affected cats, hematological, urinalysis and other biochemical parameters did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions and relevance Integrated analyses of imaging and molecular genetics data enabled, for the first time, the establishment of age-based ultrasonographic criteria for the diagnosis of ADPKD in Persian cats. The development of imaging criteria is particularly relevant and useful in the clinical setting given the current limitations to access and the cost of molecular genetics-based diagnostic tests.

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Bonazzi, Mattia, Antonella Volta, Giacomo Gnudi, Ezio Bottarelli, Margherita Gazzola, and Giorgio Bertoni. "Prevalence of the polycystic kidney disease and renal and urinary bladder ultrasonographic abnormalities in Persian and Exotic Shorthair cats in Italy." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 9, no. 5 (2007): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2007.03.004.

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The ultrasonographic findings of kidneys, liver and urinary bladder of 288 Persian and 44 Exotic Shorthair clinically normal cats that underwent screening for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) between July 2003 and December 2005 were reviewed. Cats were divided into two groups, one including cats aged <9 months (group 1) and one cats aged ≥9 months (group 2). Cats were classified as PKD-positive when at least one renal cyst was found. One hundred and thirty-six cats (41.0%) had more than one cyst in at least one kidney. The prevalence of PKD was similar in both groups. Eight PKD-positive cats had cystic livers (5.9%). Other renal abnormalities included a pelvic calculus and a medullary rim sign (MRS). The difference in prevalence of an MRS in group 2 compared to group 1 and the difference between PKD-positive and -negative cats in group 2 were not significant. There was no difference in mean kidney length between PKD-positive and -negative cats in group 2. Urinary bladder anomalies were principally represented by urinary sediment, with prevalence significantly higher in group 2. No difference was detected in group 2 between PKD-positive and -negative cats. In conclusion feline PKD is common in Italy. The ultrasonographic findings of MRS and urinary bladder sediment did not correlate with feline PKD. Urinary bladder sediment is common in Persians and Exotic Shorthairs and more likely in adults.

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Barthez, PY, P. Rivier, and D. Begon. "Prevalence of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian related cats in France." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 5, no. 6 (2003): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-612x(03)00052-4.

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Cantaloube, Brice, Isabelle Raymond-Letron, and Alain Regnier. "Multiple eyelid apocrine hidrocystomas in two Persian cats." Veterinary Ophthalmology 7, no. 2 (2004): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04008.x.

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Biller, D. S., S. P. DiBartola, K. A. Eaton, S. Pflueger, M. L. Wellman, and M. J. Radin. "Inheritance of Polycystic Kidney Disease in Persian Cats." Journal of Heredity 87, no. 1 (1996): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a022945.

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MacKay, Amy D., Claire Rusbridge, Andrew H. Sparkes, and Simon R. Platt. "MRI characteristics of suspected acute spinal cord infarction in two cats, and a review of the literature." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 7, no. 2 (2005): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2004.08.001.

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A 10-year-old neutered male Persian cat and a 4-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair (DSH) cat were evaluated for acute-onset severe lateralising tetraparesis and hemiplegia, respectively. Both cats also had left-sided Horner's syndrome. Neurological examination of the cats localised the lesion to cranial to C5 in the Persian and the left cervical intumescence (C6–T2) in the DSH. Physical examinations were otherwise generally unremarkable. Routine laboratory tests and spinal radiography were normal for the Persian cat and were not performed for the DSH cat. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap was attempted for the Persian cat but aborted because of gross blood contamination, and was not performed for the DSH cat. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the Persian cat revealed a lesion within the spinal parenchyma at segments C1 to C3 (slightly more left-sided) which was iso- to hypointense on T1-weighted scans and hyperintense on T2-weighted scans, and which enhanced slightly with gadolinium. MRI of the DSH cat revealed a lesion within the spinal parenchyma at segment C7 (predominantly left-sided) which was hypointense on T1-weighted scans and hyperintense on T2-weighted gradient echo scans. Contrast was not administered. The MRI findings in both cases were highly suggestive of acute spinal cord infarction, based upon comparison to human cases. Both cats made full neurological recoveries with supportive treatment only. This paper describes two cases of suspected acute spinal cord infarction in the cat, demonstrates the potential diagnostic value of MRI, and discusses the clinical syndrome of this condition with a brief review of published cases.

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Romagnoli, Stefano, Chiara Bensaia, Lluis Ferré-Dolcet, Hasan Besim Sontas, and Calogero Stelletta. "Fertility parameters and reproductive management of Norwegian Forest Cats, Maine Coon, Persian and Bengal cats raised in Italy: a questionnaire-based study." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 12 (2019): 1188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x18824181.

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Objectives Fertility and reproductive management were investigated, via questionnaires, in breeding establishments of Norwegian Forest Cats, Maine Coon, Persian and Bengal cats in Italy. Methods Six Bengal, five Maine Coon, eight Norwegian Forest Cat and seven Persian breeders responded for a total of 128 queens, 565 heats, 337 litters and 1424 kittens spanning the period 1998–2012. The mean number of queens per cattery was 4.9 ± 2.3, with primiparous queens constituting 20.5%. Of the catteries, 61.5% were indoor, with 50% of them having access to a fenced balcony. Fifteen percent of the catteries were outdoor with cat runs. No light supplementation was used in any of the catteries. Results Queens showed oestrous cycles throughout the year, although 67% of oestrous cycles occurred from January–June. Puberty occurred, on average, at 12.3 ± 7.4 months. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed routinely in only 30% of catteries. Both pregnancy length (average 64.7 ± 2.4 days, range 59–76 days) and litter size (average 4.2 ± 1.8 kittens, with 11.8% of kittens stillborn) showed some breed-specific differences; in Norwegian Forest Cats larger litter size was associated with shorter pregnancy length. Kitten mortality between birth and weaning was, on average, 14%. Stillborn kittens ( P <0.01) and kitten mortality (0.01 < P <0.05) increased with litter size. In Maine Coons and Persians, a total of 3% of parturitions occurred via caesarean section (CS); litters born via CS were larger and characterised by a greater number of stillborn kittens and kitten mortality. Conclusions and relevance No previous data concerning reproductive patterns of pedigree cats raised in Southern Europe are available. Feline reproductive management should be adjusted for latitude owing to different climate and daylight patterns that may have an impact on feline reproduction.

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Myers, Alexandra N., Sara D. Lawhon, Alison B. Diesel, Charles W. Bradley, Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann, and William J. Murphy. "An ancient haplotype containing antimicrobial peptide gene variants is associated with severe fungal skin disease in Persian cats." PLOS Genetics 18, no. 2 (2022): e1010062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010062.

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Dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm, is a contagious fungal skin disease affecting humans and animals worldwide. Persian cats exhibit severe forms of the disease more commonly than other breeds of cat, including other long-haired breeds. Certain types of severe dermatophytosis in humans are reportedly caused by monogenic inborn errors of immunity. The goal of this study was to identify genetic variants in Persian cats contributing to the phenotype of severe dermatophytosis. Whole-genome sequencing of case and control Persian cats followed by a genome-wide association study identified a highly divergent, disease-associated haplotype on chromosome F1 containing the S100 family of genes. S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9), which encodes a subunit of the antimicrobial heterodimer known as calprotectin, contained 13 nonsynonymous variants between cases and controls. Evolutionary analysis of S100A9 haplotypes comparing cases, controls, and wild felids suggested the divergent disease-associated haplotype was likely introgressed into the domestic cat lineage and maintained via balancing selection. We demonstrated marked upregulation of calprotectin expression in the feline epidermis during dermatophytosis, suggesting involvement in disease pathogenesis. Given this divergent allele has been maintained in domestic cat and wildcat populations, this haplotype may have beneficial effects against other pathogens. The pathogen specificity of this altered protein should be investigated before attempting to reduce the allele frequency in the Persian cat breed. Further work is needed to clarify if severe Persian dermatophytosis is a monogenic disease or if hidden disease-susceptibility loci remain to be discovered. Consideration should be given to engineering antimicrobial peptides such as calprotectin for topical treatment of dermatophytosis in humans and animals.

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Rajaei, Seyed Mehdi, Houman Faghihi, David Leonard Williams, and Ghazal Aftab. "Evaluation of tear production using the Schirmer tear test I in healthy cats; effect of age, life stage, sex, breed and neuter status." Veterinary Record 184, no. 26 (2019): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104974.

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the values of Schirmer tear test (STT) and determine effects of age, life stage, sex, breed and neuter status on tear production in healthy cats.MethodsThree hundred and forty-three domestic shorthair (DSH) and Persian cats, 50 days through 18 years old, were examined in this study. STT I was used to measure tear production in both eyes of each cat.ResultsA mean STT 14.9±4.8 mm/min was calculated for the eyes of all cats. There was a significant difference between STT values in kittens (≤6 months old) and cats of other age groups (P<0.001). A substantial number of cats with clinically normal eyes had STT values less than 10 mm/min. No significant difference was found between males (14.7±5.0 mm/min) and females (15.1±4.5 mm/min) in STT values (P=0.46). Significant differences were found between entire (14.4±4.2 mm/min) and neutered (16.2±4.1 mm/min) cats (P=0.001), and between STT values of DSH (14.6±5.0 mm/min) and Persian (16.5±3.1 mm/min) cats in the study population (P=0.001).ConclusionsThis study documents the average STT values for a sizeable feline population demonstrating that, in contradistinction to the situation in dogs, a number of cats with clinically normal eyes have STT values below 10 mm/min.

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Engberg, Louise. "Brachycephalic Cats — is it Too Late for the Persian?" Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 12, no. 1 (2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.12.007.

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Keyes, Minta. "Brachycephalic Cats — is it Too Late for the Persian?" Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 12, no. 1 (2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.12.011.

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Carvalho, Cibele F., and Maria C. Chammas. "Normal Doppler velocimetry of renal vasculature in Persian cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 13, no. 6 (2011): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2010.12.008.

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Alroy, J., G. O. Freden, V. Goyal, S. S. Raghavan та K. L. Schunk. "Morphology of Leukocytes from Cats Affected with α-Mannosidosis and Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI)". Veterinary Pathology 26, № 4 (1989): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588902600402.

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The morphology and ultrastructure of circulating white blood cells from six Persian and from five Russian Blue/Siamese cats deficient in lysosomal activity of α-mannosidase and arylsulfatase B, respectively, were studied and compared to cells from corresponding normal and carrier cats. In cats with mannosidosis, light microscopic examination revealed vacuoles in lymphocytes and monocytes, whereas electron microscopic studies demonstrated additional vacuoles in neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. In cats with mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI), vacuoles containing metachromatic granules were observed in lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. Ultrastructural studies of these cells identified the accumulation of fibrillar material, which often was associated with lamellated membrane structures.

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Dennis, M. M., N. Bennett, and E. J. Ehrhart. "Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Chronic Gastritis in Two Related Persian Cats." Veterinary Pathology 43, no. 3 (2006): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.43-3-358.

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Korff, Courtney P., and Baye G. Williamson. "Clinical Presentation of Chiari-like Malformation in 2 Persian Cats." Topics in Companion Animal Medicine 41 (November 2020): 100460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100460.

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Rah, HyungChul, David J. Maggs, Thomas N. Blankenship, Kristina Narfstrom, and Leslie A. Lyons. "Early-Onset, Autosomal Recessive, Progressive Retinal Atrophy in Persian Cats." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 46, no. 5 (2005): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.04-1019.

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Feinstein, R. E., and E. Olsson. "Chronic Gastroenterocolitis in Nine Cats." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 4, no. 3 (1992): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879200400311.

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Lesions of a chronic gastroenterocolitis were found in 9 cats of the Persian breed that were euthanized after a prolonged period of bloody diarrhea. Gross lesions consisted of gastrointestinal edema with prominent Payer's patches, multiple grayish nodules, and a few irregular erosions within the colonic mucosa. Microscopically, the changes were composed of degeneration, necrosis, and proliferation of gastric glandular epithelium, dilated intestinal crypts with lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltration of the lamina propria, and in 1 cat, severe transmural necrosis of the colon. With the Giemsa stain, spiral-shaped organisms in the gastrointestinal lumen and intracellularly in the gastric and the colonic epithelium were observed. These organisms could not be cultured. Although the role of these spiral-shaped organisms was not determined, other agents that could explain the disorder were not found.

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Schipper, Tom, Goedele Storms, Gerlinde Janssens, et al. "Genetic Aspects of Corneal Sequestra in a Population of Persian, Himalayan and Exotic Cats." Animals 12, no. 15 (2022): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12152008.

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Corneal sequestra are ophthalmic lesions that are remarkably common in Persian, Himalayan and exotic cats. In this study, the genetic aspects of this disease were investigated in a population of cats originating from a single cattery. Odds ratios were calculated for parents with affected offspring. The heritability of (owner-reported) corneal sequestra was estimated with a Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure. Well-phenotyped cases and controls were used for a genome-wide association study. Data from 692 cats originating from the cattery, of which 61 were affected, were used. Cats from two specific mothers had significantly higher odds of developing corneal sequestra, but no significant effect of the fathers was found (after correction for the mothers). The heritability of corneal sequestra was estimated to be 0.96. A genome-wide association study with 14 cases and 10 controls did not reveal an associated chromosomal region. The large effect that genetic factors had on the development of corneal sequestra in this study suggests that selective breeding could be an effective way to reduce the prevalence of this condition in these cat breeds.

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Dokuzeylul, B., B. Basaran Kahraman, BD Sigirci, E. Gulluoglu, K. Metiner, and ME Or. "Dermatophytosis caused by a Chrysosporium species in two cats in Turkey: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 58, No. 12 (2013): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7187-vetmed.

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Dermatophytes are infectious agents and can cause the zoonotic disease dermatophytosis in animals and humans. Keratinophilic fungi and especially dermatophytes can be detected on the hair coat and skin of cats. The aim of this report is to present a rarely seen dermatophytic skin disease in cats. Two Persian cats, living in the same house, were found to be positive for Chyrososporium spp. using mycological culture. At that time the owner of the cats was undergoing chemotherapy for a mammary tumour. This treatment led to low immunity, intensive pruritus and also to scaling on the inside of her arms. Chrysosporium spp. were also detected in the cats&rsquo; owner. Antifungal therapy was applied with fluconazole to both cats. Because of widespread lesions and alopecia, intravenous fluconazole was administered with a saline solution. The lesions improved inside a six week period after fluconazole therapy and no adverse effects were observed.

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Khoshvaghti, A., and E. Nojaba. "The role of oxidative biomarkers in feline pan- leukopenia." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 73, no. 2 (2022): 4173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26868.

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Feline Pan-leukopenia is an important deadly gastrointestinal disease of cats. It is mostly prevalent in kittens with declining maternal antibodies as well as unvaccinated cats. Vitamin D and E, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase are essential enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of defensive system involve in defending the body against oxidative radicals. Malondialdehyde is a reliable commonly used marker of overall lipid peroxidation level showing the presence of oxidative stress. Measurement of the total serum antioxidant capacity seems to represent a suitable biochemical parameter for evaluating the overall antioxidant status resulting from antioxidant intake or production, and their consumption by the increasing levels of oxidative stress.The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in serum levels of Vitamins D and E, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde in cats infected with pan-leukopenia virus.Ten Persian male cats with clinical and laboratory symptoms of pan-leukopenia (n=10) and ten healthy Persian male cats (n=10) with a mean age of 6±2 months (minimum and maximum age were 3 and 8 months respectively) were selected. Superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase levels were assayed by ELISA, and vitamin E and D were measured by chromatography methods.There were no statistically significant differences between the mean serum levels of vitamin E, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant in healthy cats and those with feline pan leukopenia infection (P>0.05), while a statistically significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase and vitamin D levels, and an increase in malondialdehyde level were observed (P<0.05).A condition of oxidative stress appears in feline pan-leukopenia, possibly associated with the virus infection. This oxidative stress may play a role in prevention/treatment of feline panleukopenia.

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Moik, Katja, and Ellen Kienzle. "Birth weight and postnatal growth of pure-bred kittens." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (2011): S32—S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511003333.

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Data on body weight of pure-bred kittens (Maine Coon, Norwegian Forest Cat, Birman, Persian, Siamese/Oriental Shorthair Cat) from birth (n 245) to 12 weeks of age (n 135) were obtained from breeders. Absolute birth weight (in g) was higher in larger breeds than in smaller breeds, whereas relative birth weight (in % of mature female weight) tended to be higher in smaller breeds (Maine Coon 115 g, 2·3 %; Norwegian Forest Cat 106 g, 2·7 %; Birman 97 g, 2·8 %; Siamese 92 g, 2·8 %; Persian 82 g, 3·2 %). Relative birth weight was lower than that described in the literature for colony cats. Relative litter weight was highest in Norwegian Forest Cats (14·6 (sd 1·8) %; n 10) and lowest in Birmans (8·8 (sd 3·1) %, n 7; P < 0·05); the other breeds were in-between (11·9 (sd 2·0) %; n 19). Absolute growth was faster in larger breeds than in smaller breeds. In relation to expected mature weight, there was good agreement with data from colony cats but no clear-cut effect of breed size. There appeared to be a trend to an earlier onset of sexual dimorphism in larger breeds.

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Myers, Alexandra N., Caitlin E. Older, Alison B. Diesel, Sara D. Lawhon, and Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann. "Characterization of the cutaneous mycobiota in Persian cats with severe dermatophytosis." Veterinary Dermatology 32, no. 4 (2021): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vde.12969.

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Sak, Dilsat, and Gulsun Pazvant. "Estimation of vertebral heart size and cardiothoracic ratio in Persian cats." Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 50, no. 3 (2021): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12659.

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Mestrinho, Lisa A., João M. Louro, Iněs S. Gordo, et al. "Oral and dental anomalies in purebred, brachycephalic Persian and Exotic cats." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 253, no. 1 (2018): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.253.1.66.

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Adelkhah, Fariba. "Iran: un monde de paradoxes, No one Knows about Persian Cats." Iranian Studies 43, no. 5 (2010): 757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2010.518627.

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Hammond, Gawain, Mary Geary, Erica Coleman, and Danièlle Gunn-Moore. "Radiographic Measurements of the Trachea in Domestic Shorthair and Persian Cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 13, no. 12 (2011): 881–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2011.05.015.

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Yanti, Yustrida, and Sulindawaty Sulindawaty. "Expert System Diagnose Disease Persian cat with Bayes Theorem Method." Journal Of Computer Networks, Architecture and High Performance Computing 2, no. 1 (2020): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/cnapc.v2i1.380.

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Lack of knowledge of the disease and the limitations Pesia cat disease management is often experienced by the owners of Persian cats. Therefore it is necessary to act / respond quickly to prevent infection with the disease more serius.Teorema Bayes is a method used to predict the probability. Therefore, in this study will be analyzed Persian cat disease data using Bayes theorem using four diseases areFeline Leukemia Virus, Worms, Cat Flu and Mushrooms Cryptococus. Based on these descriptions, we need a system that can represent an expert who has the knowledge base and experience of the Persian cat disease, which is an expert system. Developments in information technology more widely and rapidly. So much in use in various fields. That accompanied the information technology internet support each other resulting in increased web-based technologies

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Nitta, Cayo Yuji, Alexandre Gonçalves Teixeira Daniel, Carlos Pelleschi Taborda, Aline Elisa Santana, and Carlos Eduardo Larsson. "Isolation of Dermatophytes from the Hair Coat of Healthy Persian Cats without Skin Lesions from Commercial Catteries Located in São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 44, no. 1 (2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.81298.

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Background: The study of the epidemiological chain of dermatophytosis, particularly those related to zoophilic fungi, is extremely important because of its frequent occurrence, the high infectivity of the agent, and its anthropozoonotic character. In all latitudes, asymptomatic cats are considered the main reservoirs and sources of dermatophyte infection. The study aimed to characterize the frequency of dermatophyte infection and the potential risk of microsporic infection to the owners and to possible buyers of apparently healthy Persian cats from commercial catteries of São Paulo, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Fur samples were obtained from 61 clinically healthy Persian cats, which were devoid of typical cutaneous lesions and had negative results in Wood’s lamp examination. The average age of the cats was 37.7 months; 18 (29.5%) of them were males and 43 (70.5%) were females. The cats were from commercial catteries located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo state capital. Samples were obtained using the technique of Mariat & Adam using a square (25 cm2) of sterile carpet rubbed across the surface of the hair-coat and skin. People who had close contact with the animals were asked whether they had had typical ringworm lesions in the recent past or at the time of sample collection. The material collected was pressed onto Petri dishes containing agar supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide. The Petri dishes were handled under sterile conditions and incubated at 25°C for up to 21 days. There was evident fungal growth in 83.6% of the samples, and the only dermatophyte isolated was Microsporum canis. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test in order to verify possible associations between variables (sex and age range) and the frequency of dermatophyte infection in dermatologically healthy animals. However, there was no statistical difference regarding sexual predisposition (P value = 0.139) and age (P value = 0.224) regarding the asymptomatic dermatophyte carriers. Of the 18 people who had close contact with infected cats, eight (44.4%) claimed to have presented with typical tinea corporis lesions in the past and three (16.7%) said that they had such skin lesions at the time of harvest of the cat fur. There were no people who claimed to have been in contact with other species.Discussion: In Brazil, fungal infections represent up to 8.7% of skin diseases in children, and tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis is the most common superficial mycosis in this age group. Its interspecies transmission has been reported for decades. Approximately 50% of individuals exposed to symptomatic or asymptomatic cats acquire the disease. In up to 70% of families with infected cats, at least one family member may develop the disease. Among domestic cats, the Persian breed is most often cited as prone to spreading dermatophytes. In the study, there was fungal growth in 83.6% of the samples, and only M. canis was isolated. Among the people who had contact with the cats, 44.4% and 16.7% had typical tinea corporis lesions in the past and at the time of the interview, respectively. However, it is speculated that the rate of infection may have been higher in the humans in contact with these cats, since there may have been some hesitation and fear by the people interviewed in reporting the occurrence of characteristic skin lesions, either as a way of preserving the cattery reputation, or to spare the embarrassment in declaring oneself as infected, which is sometimes viewed negatively. The results demonstrate the potential infectivity, pathogenicity, and risk of microsporic infection in buyers of apparently healthy cats from commercial catteries located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo.

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McCracken, M. D., and S. Patton. "Pulmonary Arterial Changes in Feline Dirofilariasis." Veterinary Pathology 30, no. 1 (1993): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589303000108.

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Eleven cats with spontaneous dirofilariasis were necropsied; ten were domestic shorthairs and one was a Persian. The cats ranged in age from 1 to 10 years, and 6/11 cats were male. One to three heartworms were present in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries of each of the 11 cats. Patchy areas of rugose thickening of the intima of the pulmonary trunk and marked villous endarteritis of lobar and medium-sized pulmonary arteries were observed. Affected larger vessels were partially occluded by large villous intimal proliferations that were lined by hyperplastic endothelial cells supported by connective tissue stroma. Moderate to marked infiltration of eosinophils and mononuclear inflammatory cells was consistently observed in the intima of affected larger pulmonary arteries. Thrombosis of pulmonary arteries was seen in five cats. Medial hypertrophy, mild intimal proliferative changes, and focal infiltrations of leukocytes were seen in small pulmonary arteries. Lesions indicative of right-sided heart failure consisting of right ventricular dilation and chronic passive congestion of the liver were observed in four cats.

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Salvadori, Claudia, Laura Lossi, Mario Arispici, and Carlo Cantile. "Spongiform neurodegenerative disease in a Persian kitten." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 9, no. 3 (2007): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2006.12.001.

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A congenital encephalopathy with spongiform degeneration and prominent neuronal apoptosis was observed in a 4-month-old Persian male cat with a history of depressed mental status and ataxia. On clinical examination, signs included right head tilt, ventroflexion of the head and neck, and tetraparesis. Histological examination of the central nervous system revealed multifocal, bilateral and symmetrical vacuolar degeneration of the neuropil, mainly involving the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei area, the caudal colliculi, the mesencephalic nuclei, the tegmental area and the deeper layer of the cerebral cortex. Accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments was detected in neuronal perikarya of the deep cortical layers, hippocampus and thalamus. Numerous pyknotic and apoptotic neurons were also observed in the cerebral cortex. These neuropathological changes differ from those observed in previous reports of spongiform degeneration of the grey matter in cats and were suggestive of a congenital neurodegenerative disease.

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Tamimi, N. "Behavioral Problems in Domestic Cats of Tehran." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 36, no. 0E (2012): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v36i0e.416.

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Behavioral problems are very important because they are one of the most common reasons for the relinquishment of cats. In this study, the frequency of behavioral problems in 167 cats attending Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, was evaluated with the use of a questionnaire. Interaction with other animals and people, outdoor access, breed, and sex of the cats were evaluated for association with the occurrence of the behavioral problems. Aggression towards people and other cats, Elimination problems, Scratching objects, Fearfulness, Attention seeking, Excessive grooming, Chasing small animals, Hiding, Vocalization in owner's absence, Obsessive behaviors and Eating fiber material were the behavioral problems evaluated in this study. Results showed that 94.6% of the cats were reported to have at least one behavioral problem with the mean number of behavioral problems for one cat being 2.71. Fearfulness, attention seeking, Aggression towards other cats/people, scratching, and Elimination problems were the most prevalent behavioral complaints reported by cats owners respectively whereas; obsessive behaviors were the least common behavioral complaints.Data analysis revealed that inappropriate elimination is significantly more common in cats with outdoor access while interaction with other cats and people showed an association with scratching in cats. Intact female cats tended to seek less attention from their owners than their other counterparts. Breed assessment, on the other hand, showed that Persian cats are reported to have more elimination problems and less aggression problems towards people than DSH cats.

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Preena, P., K. P. Dilna, K. V. Ramesh Kumar, et al. "Cat fur mite, Lynxacarus radovskyi in Persian cats of Kannur district, Kerala." Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 32, no. 2 (2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0813.2018.00019.0.

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Miyata, Chika, Ichiro Imanishi, Yotaro Shimazaki, Ryo Ida, and Koji Nishifuji. "Abnormal whiskers in a Persian cat resembling shaft disorder of Abyssinian cats." Japanese Journal of Veterinary Dermatology 26, no. 3 (2020): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2736/jjvd.26.145.

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Cannon, M. J., F. J. Barr, H. Rudorf, K. J. Bradley, T. J. Gruffydd-Jones, and A. D. MacKay. "Prevalence of polycystic kidney disease in Persian cats in the United Kingdom." Veterinary Record 149, no. 14 (2001): 409–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.149.14.409.

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Giudice, Chiara, Maria C. Muscolo, Marco Rondena, Alberto Crotti, and Valeria Grieco. "Eyelid multiple cysts of the apocrine gland of Moll in Persian cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 11, no. 6 (2009): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2008.11.006.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Persian cats'

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