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Journal articles on the topic 'Personal physical injuries'
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Athanasou, James A. "Mood states following a compensable personal injury." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 25, no. 2 (December 2019): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jrc.2019.15.
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AbstractThe impact of compensable injury on moods was investigated in 106 individuals using the Visual Analog Mood Scales. Results indicated markedly negatively skewed distributions of ratings on being Sad, Energetic, Tired, Happy, or Tense. A contrasting pattern of positive and negative mood responses was evident. There were notable differences in mood conditions between different types of injuries: (a) anger and tiredness featured in brain injury; (b) sadness and tiredness characterized psychological injuries; and (c) most moods were moderate across musculoskeletal injuries with the possible exception of being energetic. The extent of psychological problems was related to mood levels.
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Udry, Eileen, Daniel Gould, Dana Bridges, and Laurie Beck. "Down but Not Out: Athlete Responses to Season-Ending Injuries." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 19, no. 3 (September 1997): 229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.19.3.229.
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This investigation sought to extend the existing scientific literature regarding the role of psychological processes in athletic injury rehabilitation. Specifically, the study examined (a) psychological responses of injured athletes to season-ending injuries, and (b) long-term benefits athletes perceived they obtained from their injuries. In-depth interviews were conducted with US Ski Team athletes (N = 21) who experienced injuries during racing seasons from 1990 to 1994. The data were analyzed using the content analysis procedures described by Scanlan, Stein, and Ravizza (1989). Relative to athletes’ reactions to being injured, 136 raw data themes were extracted which coalesced into 4 general dimensions: (a) injury-relevant information processing/awareness, (b) emotional upheaval/reactive behavior, (c) positive outlook/coping attempts, and (d) other. With respect to injury benefits, 81 raw data themes emerged and formed 4 dimensions: (a) personal growth, (b) psychologically- based performance enhancements, (c) physical-technical development, and (d) none. The results are discussed in relation to existing models of injury recovery and stress.
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Games, Kenneth E., Zachary K. Winkelmann, and Lindsey E. Eberman. "Physical Exertion Diminishes Static and Dynamic Balance in Firefighters." International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training 25, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijatt.2019-0063.
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Half of all work-related injuries in the fire service are musculoskeletal-based due to slips, trips, and overexertion. This study evaluated the effects of physical exertion on balance in firefighters. Forty-one firefighters completed a physical exertion protocol with static and dynamic balance assessments while in personal protective equipment. Following the physical exertion protocol, we identified a significant decrease in anterior reach of the right limb, and significant increases in rectangular displacement area in both double- and single-legged stances. Balance is diminished in firefighters wearing personal protective equipment after engaging in a short bout of physical activity, suggesting a potential risk factor for lower extremity injury in the fire service.
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Chomiak, Jiri, Astrid Junge, Lars Peterson, and Jiri Dvorak. "Severe Injuries in Football Players." American Journal of Sports Medicine 28, no. 5_suppl (September 2000): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/28.suppl_5.s-58.
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The aims of this prospective study were to analyze factors related to the occurrence of severe football injuries in players of different ages (14 to 42 years) and different skill levels (local teams to first league teams). In the Czech Republic, 398 players were followed up for 1 year, during which time they sustained 686 injuries. Of these, 113 (16.5%) were severe injuries. Ninety-seven severe injuries (86%) were able to be documented in detail. Trauma was the cause of 81.5% of the injuries and overuse was the cause of 18.5%. Joint sprains predominated (30%), followed by fractures (16%), muscle strains (15%), ligament ruptures (12%), meniscal tears and contusions (8%), and other injuries. Injuries to the knee were most prevalent (29%), followed by injuries to the ankle (19%) and spine (9%). More injuries occurred during games (59%) than in practice. Twenty-four percent of the injured players had suffered a previous injury of the same body part. Forty-six percent of injuries were caused by contact and 54% involved no body contact. Thirty-one percent of severe injuries were caused by foul play. From these results and the analysis of injuries in specific body parts, the following factors were determined to influence the occurrence of severe injuries: 1) personal factors (intrinsic): age of player, previous injuries, joint instability, abnormality of the spine, poor physical condition, poor football skills, or inadequate treatment and rehabilitation of injuries; 2) environmental factors (extrinsic): subjective exercise overload during practices and games, amount and quality of training, playing field conditions, equipment (wearing of shin guards and taping) and violations of existing rules (foul play).
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McDonald, Dylan, Robin M. Orr, and Rodney Pope. "A Comparison of Work Health and Safety Incidents and Injuries in Part-Time and Full-Time Australian Army Personnel." Journal of Athletic Training 51, no. 11 (November 1, 2016): 880–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.10.12.
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Context: Part-time personnel are an integral part of the Australian Army. With operational deployments increasing, it is essential that medical teams identify the patterns of injuries sustained by part-time personnel in order to mitigate the risks of injury and optimize deployability. Objective: To compare the patterns of reported work health and safety incidents and injuries in part-time and full-time Australian Army personnel. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: The Australian Army. Patients or Other Participants: Australian Army Reserve and Australian regular Army populations, July 1, 2012, through June 30, 2014. Main Outcome Measure(s): Proportions of reported work health and safety incidents that resulted in injuries among Army Reserve and regular Army personnel and specifically the (a) body locations affected by incidents, (b) nature of resulting injuries, (c) injury mechanisms, and (d) activities being performed when the incidents occurred. Results: Over 2 years, 15 065 work health and safety incidents and 11 263 injuries were reported in Army Reserve and regular Army populations combined. In the Army Reserve population, 85% of reported incidents were classified as involving minor personal injuries; 4% involved a serious personal injury. In the regular Army population, 68% of reported incidents involved a minor personal injury; 5% involved a serious personal injury. Substantially lower proportions of Army reservist incidents involved sports, whereas substantially higher proportions were associated with combat training, manual handling, and patrolling when compared with regular Army incidents. Conclusions: Army reservists had a higher proportion of injuries from Army work-related activities than did regular Army soldiers. Proportions of incidents arising from combat tasks and manual handling were higher in the Army Reserve. Understanding the sources of injuries will allow the medical teams to implement injury-mitigation strategies.
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Covalciuc, Sorina-Alexandra. "PERSONAL SAFETY. PROTECTION OF THE VICTIMS OF CRIME." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v13i2.3797.
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The impact of the crime phenomenon on the persons affected by it can be a profound one transposed into physical, mental, emotional and financial injuries, of which some victims can never recover. The actions that make up the criminal act can be harmed on the victims, witnesses or their families, and the most serious of the threats are those against the person's life. The paper focuses, first and foremost, on the measures to be taken to protect the victims of crime, as well as on the means of support offered to the victims so that they can enjoy the right of access to justice in order to cover their harm.
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Koch, H. "Civil Litigation in the UK: сontemporary issues to ensure evidential reliability." Psychology and Law 6, no. 2 (2016): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2016060202.
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The system for assessing appropriate damages for individuals who have suffered a personal injury, caused by another person or persons is well established in the UK. A claimant, for example, who has been in a road accident, work accident, medical accident or negligent action can make a claim for his/her physical and psychological injuries, time off work and future disability, provided it is proven that another person(s) is responsible. The system involves obtaining, medical-legal evidence on the diagnosis, causation, treatment and prognosis of any injuries, physical or psychological. One key aspect of this covers the crucial issue of evidential reliability. This paper explains the key questions facing lawyers and experts alike in the UK; fundamental postulates or beliefs about evidence; ways to improve reliability; the relevance of pre-event history and improving evidential reliability via Part 35 questioning. The UK, along with the USA, has the most advanced and developed system of personal injury litigation process.
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Prieto-González, Pablo, Jose Luis Martínez-Castillo, Luis Miguel Fernández-Galván, Arturo Casado, Sergio Soporki, and Jorge Sánchez-Infante. "Epidemiology of Sports-Related Injuries and Associated Risk Factors in Adolescent Athletes: An Injury Surveillance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 2, 2021): 4857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094857.
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The present study aimed to determine the epidemiology of sport-related injuries in amateur and professional adolescent athletes and the incidence of different risk factors on those injuries. Four hundred ninety-eight athletes aged 14 to 21 voluntarily participated in this prospective injury surveillance, conducted from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. The information collected included: personal data, sports aspects, characteristics of the injuries, and lifestyle. Forty point four percent of the participants suffered an injury in 2019 (39% of them in a previously injured area). The average injury rate was 2.64 per 1000 h. Soccer presented the highest rate (7.21). The most common injuries were: lumbar muscle strains (12.24%), ankle sprains (11.98%), and bone fractures (9.31%). Ankles (36.12%), knees (19.32%), and shoulders (6.47%) concentrated the highest number of injuries. Fifty-nine point twenty-eight percent of the injuries occurred during practices, and 40.72% during competition or peri-competition. Higher injury rates were associated (in this order) with the following factors: (a) Greater number of hours of practice per week. (b) Not performing warm-ups. (c) Using inadequate sports facilities. (d) Being aged 14–17. (e) Not performing physical preparation. (f) Inappropriate training load. (g) Not performing injury-preventive activities. (h) Performing sports technique without the supervision of one sports coach. (i) Inadequate sports equipment. In conclusion, since most injury risk factors are modifiable, it is imperative to implement strategies to reduce amateur and professional adolescent athletes’ injury rates.
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Irwansyah, Irwansyah. "Depression Affected by Burns Injury." Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews 1, no. 4 (August 30, 2021): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr.v1i4.564.
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Burn injuries are defined as injuries caused by the application of heat, chemicals, electrical current or radiation to the external or internal surface of the body, which causes destruction of the tissue. Burns are acute, unpredictable and devastating forms of trauma which affect both the physical and psychological health of the victim.The patient who suffers from burn injuries can be subjected to various mental and psychological conditions that can adversely affect their health and wellbeing. Understanding the nature of their ailment and the impact it has on their health involves a detailed study of the nature of burn, socioeconomic factors, personal life, and reason for the injury. This literature review aims to describe depression related burn injury.
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Haider, Tahira, and Debra Dunstan. "Understanding the barriers affecting psychologists’ adherence to evidence-based treatment guidelines from a stakeholder standpoint." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 25, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jrc.2019.12.
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AbstractPsychologists’ adherence with evidence-based guidelines based on the biopsychosocial premise in the management of musculoskeletal injuries is influenced by the actions by General Practitioners (GPs), insurers, and injured patients’ actions. For data collection, we interviewed GPs (n = 6), insurers (n = 6), and injured people (n = 15) from the two personal injury compensation schemes in New South Wales. Thematic analysis yielded the following: GPs were reticent to access psychological services that represented a poor fit between their practice and treatment guidelines, insurers lacked trust in the validity of “secondary psychological injury” claims’. Injured peoples’ willingness to engage with treatment was impaired by a poor fit between the treatment guidelines and their experience of insurers’ and psychologists’ practices.
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Semenova, Fayzura, Svetlana Bostanova, Maryam Tetueva, and Dianna Akbayeva. "Personal characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorders." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 10020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127310020.
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In modern conditions, achieving high results in sports for professional athletes is associated with enormous physical and mental stress. This situation is aggravated by the fierce competition in the sports arena, which requires the manifestation of motor abilities at the level of the limit of human capabilities, provoking a constant stressful atmosphere and placing increased demands on the personal and professional qualities of modern athletes. The scientific article discusses the dependence of personal characteristics and features of the manifestation of post-traumatic stress disorders in professional athletes; sports competitions have a strong impact on the emotional status of an athlete. The main stress factor in the sports activity of an athlete is considered to be traumatization, i.e. getting physical and psychological injuries, which affects not only the sports career, but also leads to serious post-traumatic disorders. We assume that in the body of a professional athlete who is in a stressful environment for a long time (training, competitions), psychosomatic reactions occur that cause post-traumatic stress disorder, and also that the features of the course of this disorder depend on the personal characteristics of athletes. Post-traumatic stress disorder is a severe mental condition that occurs as a result of single or repeated events that have a super — powerful negative impact on the individual's psyche.
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Prieto Andreu, Joel Manuel. "Variables deportivas y personales en la ocurrencia de lesiones deportivas. Diferencias entre deportes individuales y colectivos (Sport and personal variables in the occurrence of sports injuries. Differences between individual and team sports)." Retos, no. 28 (March 25, 2015): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i28.34819.
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El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar la relación entre factores deportivos y personales con la incidencia de lesión (frecuencia y gravedad) en deportes individuales (natación, atletismo y tenis), y en deportes colectivos (fútbol, balonmano y baloncesto). La muestra total del estudio fue de 453 sujetos (47 no lesionados), 285 hombres (23 no lesionados) y 168 mujeres (24 no lesionadas) de diferentes Clubes Deportivos de la Comunidad Valenciana. El estudio se basa en una metodología cuantitativa, y su diseño fue descriptivo, observacional y correlacional. Para evaluar las lesiones, se elaboró un registro de auto-informe. Los resultados indicaron que un mayor número de lesiones totales y un mayor índice de lesión se asociaron con una menor edad (p<.05), con una mayor experiencia (p<.01) y con deportes colectivos (p<.01), no encontrándose relación con el género. Se señala la aplicabilidad de los resultados y se señalan conclusiones del estudio. Abstract. The purpose of the study was to analyze the association between the sport and personal factors and the incidence of injuries (frequency and severity) according to individual (swimming, tennis and athletics) and team sports (basketball, handball and football). The sample comprised 453 athletes (47 non-injured), 285 males (23 non-injured) and 168 females (24 non-injured) recruited from sports clubs in Valencia. The study design was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational. Injuries were evaluated by self-report. The results indicated that a greater number of total injuries and a higher injury rates were associated with athletes of a younger age (p<.05), more experienced athletes (p<.01) and team-sport athletes (p<.01). Gender was unrelated to injuries. Practical applications of the results are mentioned and some conclusions of the study are indicated.
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Mull, L. Diane, and Steven R. Kirkhorn. "Child Labor in Ghana Cocoa Production: Focus upon Agricultural Tasks, Ergonomic Exposures, and Associated Injuries and Illnesses." Public Health Reports 120, no. 6 (November 2005): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490512000613.
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Objectives. The goal of this study was to determine the occupational hazards experienced by children harvesting cocoa in western Ghana in order to design a vocational literacy life skills curriculum and radio social messaging campaign with a safety component to decrease hazardous work exposures in child agricultural work. Methods. An observational analysis was conducted of children aged 9 through 17 based upon personal interviews of agricultural workers, focus groups, and direct observation of work practices and activities. Job site analysis incorporated task mapping, job hazard review, and a review of equipment and use of protective gear. Results. Children and young people aged 9 through 17 are exposed to hazardous occupational exposures including strenuous work, sharp tools, and pesticides. Lack of training in proper safety practices and inadequate personal protective equipment were commonly noted. Injuries and illnesses included musculoskeletal disorders, sprains, strains, lacerations to the head, fractures, eye injuries, rashes, and coughing. Conclusion. Children working in cocoa harvesting are exposed to physical and chemical hazards without proper training or personal protective equipment. Unless safety interventions occur, there are potential long-term adverse health consequences.
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Downes, Graeme, and Luke Doddington. "1 The adoption of an empowered physical training programme in a military population – the benefit in injury reduction. A retrospective cohort study." BMJ Military Health 167, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): e1.1-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjmilitary-2021-rsmabstracts.1.
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IntroductionMusculoskeletal injuries (MSKI) represent a significant burden within the British Army, this has been extensively studied amongst recruits. It was decided to study the injury rates of a Light Cavalry Squadron who have adopted an empowered physical training program involving personal responsibility for physical training with periodic benchmark exercises.MethodsAnonymised data were collected between April and August 2020 during an operational tour. The number of presentations to the medical centre for MSKI as well as the number of days of restricted duties were collected. The data relating to the same operational tour, exactly one year previously, for another Light Cavalry squadron were collected as a control. Both units were deployed in the same location, in the same role, and with the same population, fluctuating around 138 personnel.ResultsBetween April and August 2020 there were 124 consultations for MSKI amongst the study population, this resulted in 241 days of restricted duties. In comparison for the control population (April to August 2019), there were 225 consultations for MSKI, and this resulted in 777 days of restricted duties.ConclusionsIt was found that the current unit has experienced a lower incidence of MSKI and fewer restricted duties days when compared to the control group. It is proposed that the greater emphasis on personal responsibility for physical fitness has allowed personnel to develop their fitness with a broader range of physical activity. This has resulted in a lesser burden of overuse injuries. It is also thought that the focus on personal responsibility has led to a greater desire to engage in physical training. Further work is needed to ensure that this trend continues throughout the operational tour and that the empowered training programme has a comparable benefit in physical fitness to the standard training program.
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NICOLINI, ALEXANDRE PEDRO, NATHÁLIA ABOLIS PENNA, GABRIEL TANIGUTI DE OLIVEIRA, and MOISES COHEN. "EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES IN JIU-JITSU ATHLETES." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 29, no. 1 (February 2021): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220212901236466.
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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to identify the epidemiology of orthopedic injuries in jiu-jitsu practitioners. Methods: Ninety-six jiu-jitsu practitioners aged between 18 and 45 years, male and female, answered a questionnaire addressing personal data and history of injuries related to the sport during the last 24 months. Results: In the period cover, 85% of the sample presented injuries related to the practice of jiu-jitsu, with an average of 60 days of absenteeism from sports practice. Fingers, shoulders, and knees were the joints most affected by orthopedic injuries. Conclusion: Orthopedic injuries are quite prevalent among jiu-jitsu practitioners, often distancing athletes from the sport. Level of Evidence IV, case series / cross sectional study.
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Venkataramanan, Vidya, Jo-Anne L. Geere, Benjamin Thomae, Justin Stoler, Paul R. Hunter, and Sera L. Young. "In pursuit of ‘safe’ water: the burden of personal injury from water fetching in 21 low-income and middle-income countries." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 10 (October 2020): e003328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003328.
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IntroductionWater fetching for household needs can cause injury, but documentation of the burden of harm globally has been limited. We described the frequency, characteristics and correlates of water-fetching injuries in 24 sites in 21 low-income and middle-income countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean.MethodsIn a survey of 6291 randomly selected households, respondents reported whether and how they had experienced water-fetching injuries. Responses were coded for injury type, mechanism, bodily location and physical context. We then identified correlates of injury using a multilevel, mixed-effects logistic regression model.ResultsThirteen per cent of respondents reported at least one water-fetching injury. Of 879 injuries, fractures and dislocations were the most commonly specified type (29.2%), and falls were the most commonly specified mechanism (76.4%). Where specified, 61.1% of injuries occurred to the lower limbs, and dangerous terrain (69.4%) was the most frequently reported context. Significant correlates included being female (aOR=1.50, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.96); rural (aOR=4.80, 95% CI 2.83 to 8.15) or periurban residence (aOR=2.75, 95% CI 1.64 to 4.60); higher household water insecurity scores (aOR=1.09, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.10) and reliance on surface water (aOR=1.97, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.22) or off-premise water sources that required queueing (aOR=1.72, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.49).ConclusionThese data suggest that water-fetching injuries are an underappreciated and largely unmeasured public health challenge. We offer guidelines for comprehensive data collection on injuries to better capture the true burden of inadequate water access. Such data can guide the design of interventions to reduce injury risk and promote equitable water access solutions.
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Kang, Ang Lin, and Vinodhkumar Ramalingam. "Risk factors for lower extremity injuries in young badminton players." Scientia Medica 28, no. 2 (March 29, 2018): 28939. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6108.2018.2.28939.
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AIMS: Based on the limited evidence available about the intrinsic factors causing lower extremity injuries among Malaysian badminton players, this study was aimed to determine the relationship of demographic and physical characteristics to lower extremity injuries in young badminton players.METHODS: A cross-sectional study included badminton players between 14 and 24 years of age, categorized into case and control groups. Participants diagnosed with lower limb injuries were designated as cases, and those with no reported injuries were designated as controls. Personal information including demographic data, level of athlete and injury history was collected using a questionnaire. Independent t-test was used to analyze the differences between intrinsic characteristics in cases and controls. Pearson's χ2 was applied to evaluate the association between risk factors and general lower limb injuries, knee injuries and ankle injuries, with 95% confidence interval (CI). A p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: A total of 106 young badminton players (83 males, 23 females) were recruited, of whom 42 participants were allocated as the case group, and 64 participants were allocated as the control group. A total of 60 lower extremity injuries were reported among the 42 players of the case group. The overall mean age of the sample was 18.7±5 years (minimum 14 years and maximum 24 years). Mean age of the participants in the case group was 16.92±2.99 years. The most common injuries reported were ankle joint injuries, followed by knee and hip injuries. Participants of the younger age group (14-19 years old) were found to have a higher risk for lower extremity injures compared to those of the older age group (20-24 years old) (odds ratio [OR], 3.39; 95%CI, 1.15-10.01; p=0.023). Increased true limb length discrepancy was identified among the participants with lower extremity injuries (OR, 4.57, 95%CI, 1.2-17.24; p=0.016) and this discrepancy was strongly associated with ankle injuries (OR, 7.25; 95%CI, 1.85-28.57; p=0.002). There was no significant relationship between lower extremity injuries and gender, limb dominance or Q-angle.CONCLUSIONS: Lower extremity injuries in young badminton players were predominantly located in ankle and knee joints. Younger age and increase in true limb length discrepancy were identified as risk factors for lower extremity injuries in the study sample.
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Paul, P. S., and J. Maiti. "The synergic role of sociotechnical and personal characteristics on work injuries in mines." Ergonomics 51, no. 5 (April 23, 2008): 737–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130701747483.
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Malm, Christer, Johan Jakobsson, and Andreas Isaksson. "Physical Activity and Sports—Real Health Benefits: A Review with Insight into the Public Health of Sweden." Sports 7, no. 5 (May 23, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7050127.
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Positive effects from sports are achieved primarily through physical activity, but secondary effects bring health benefits such as psychosocial and personal development and less alcohol consumption. Negative effects, such as the risk of failure, injuries, eating disorders, and burnout, are also apparent. Because physical activity is increasingly conducted in an organized manner, sport’s role in society has become increasingly important over the years, not only for the individual but also for public health. In this paper, we intend to describe sport’s physiological and psychosocial health benefits, stemming both from physical activity and from sport participation per se. This narrative review summarizes research and presents health-related data from Swedish authorities. It is discussed that our daily lives are becoming less physically active, while organized exercise and training increases. Average energy intake is increasing, creating an energy surplus, and thus, we are seeing an increasing number of people who are overweight, which is a strong contributor to health problems. Physical activity and exercise have significant positive effects in preventing or alleviating mental illness, including depressive symptoms and anxiety- or stress-related disease. In conclusion, sports can be evolving, if personal capacities, social situation, and biological and psychological maturation are taken into account. Evidence suggests a dose–response relationship such that being active, even to a modest level, is superior to being inactive or sedentary. Recommendations for healthy sports are summarized.
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Szczechowicz, Jakub, and Marek Pieniążek. "Rehabilitation of patients after traumatic injuries to the hand and during the course of upper limb enthesopathic syndromes using personal electronic devices - a preliminary report." Rehabilitacja Medyczna 22, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0774.
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Introduction: Along with technological progress, various types of computerized testing systems, assessment and documentation of the course of treatment are used more and more often in upper limb rehabilitation after traumatic injuries. The necessity to individualize exercise programs is also emphasized. The large possibilities of adapting modern technological achievements used during treatment to achieve the expected and intended goals in the rehabilitation process are emphasized. Study aim: The aim of the work is to present the possibility of using a tablet during rehabilitation of patients after selected traumatic upper limb injuries. Research material and methods: This study material comprises patients rehabilitated due to various traumatic injuries and entesopathic syndromes of the upper limb at the Specialist Centre of Hand Rehabilitation in Krakow. The presented exercises, which were part of a wider, comprehensive program to rehabilitate these patients, were also carried out at home. Particular attention was paid to the possibility of using a tablet and personal mobile phone (smartphones) in its course. Summary: Professional literature on the issues of rehabilitation in patients after traumatic injuries to the hand, as well as in the course of entesopathic syndromes, more and more frequently refers to the possibility of using modern programs and electronic devices in this process, including tablets and personal mobile phones. The use of these devices allows to conduct a rehabilitation program both in outpatient clinical conditions and home settings. physical therapy, hand rehabilitation, innovation in rehabilitation, smartphone, tablet
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Vrielink, Huub H. E. Oude. "Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI) in Agriculture: Physical Risk Factors Dominate in Female Workers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 604–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402229.
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The prevalence of symptoms of the neck, shoulders and arms of any duration and severity, indicated by RSI, was investigated in female workers of 3 different agricultural branches. RSI prevalence varied from 22% in pig farming to 61–65% in mushroom and flowering culture. Physical workload factors that are known to be risk factors for RSI were different for the 3 groups. The groups also differed with respect to psychosocial workload and personal risk factors, but these differences were less pronounced. The combined data of the 3 groups were analysed. Each of the risk factors on a one-by-one basis correlated with the prevalence of symptoms. Multivariate analysis demonstrated only the physical load factors ‘repetitive movements with hands, arms or neck’, ‘prolonged static activity of hands, arms or neck‘, and ‘force exertion by hands or arms’ correlated significantly and positively with the prevalence of RSI. Model predictions showed a linear relation between the probability of having RSI and subgroups of increasing repetitiveness. The predictions appeared to correspond fairly well with the actual prevalence of RSI in these subgroups. An increase in repetitiveness in combination with an increase in force was shown to result in a disproportional increase in probability of having RSI, except for the highest group of repetitiveness. It is concluded that physical workload factors dominate in the relation between work and RSI in agriculture if multiple branches are considered simultaneously. Given the limitation of only 3 branches included yet and only women involved, it is stated that both research and prevention strategies should be directed towards modifying combined physical workload.
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Nienhaus, Albert. "Violence at the workplace – potential consequences and means of prevention." Public Health Forum 27, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2018-0130.
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Abstract Violence in the workplace is a widespread problem. In Germany, approximately 11,000 occupational injuries resulting from violence are registered every year. Particularly affected by violence are people working in healthcare and social welfare. To avoid violence, technical, organisational and personal protective measures are needed. The training of de-escalation officers in the areas affected can be helpful. For victims of psychological and physical violence in the workplace psychotherapeutic support is offered by accidence insurrances.
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Kettlewell, Jade, Roshan das Nair, and Kate Radford. "A systematic review of personal smart technologies used to improve outcomes in adults with acquired brain injuries." Clinical Rehabilitation 33, no. 11 (July 29, 2019): 1705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215519865774.
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Objective: This review aimed to determine the effectiveness of personal smart technologies on outcomes in adults with acquired brain injury. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted on 30 May 2019. Twelve electronic databases, grey literature databases, PROSPERO, reference list and author citations were searched. Methods: Randomised controlled trials were included if personal smart technology was used to improve independence, goal attainment/function, fatigue or quality of life in adults with acquired brain injury. Data were extracted using a bespoke form and the TIDieR checklist. Studies were graded using the PEDro scale to assess quality of reporting. Meta-analysis was conducted across four studies. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, generating a total of 244 participants. All studies were of high quality (PEDro ⩾ 6). Interventions included personal digital assistant, smartphone app, mobile phone messaging, Neuropage and an iPad. Reporting of intervention tailoring for individual needs was inconsistent. All studies measured goal attainment/function but none measured independence or fatigue. One study ( n = 42) reported a significant increase in memory-specific goal attainment ( p = 0.0001) and retrospective memory function ( p = 0.042) in favour of the intervention. Another study ( n = 8) reported a significant increase in social participation in favour of the intervention ( p = 0.01). However, our meta-analyses found no significant effect of personal smart technology on goal attainment, cognitive or psychological function. Conclusion: At present, there is insufficient evidence to support the clinical benefit of personal smart technologies to improve outcomes in acquired brain injury. Researchers need to conduct more randomised studies to evaluate these interventions and measure their potential effects/harms.
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Pembroke, Luke, and Laurence Woollard. "Perceptions and attitudes towards gym use and physical activity in young men with haemophilia." Journal of Haemophilia Practice 7, no. 1 (July 25, 2020): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17225/jhp00164.
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AbstractIntroductionA growing body of evidence supports the recommendation of both physiotherapy and physical activity in people with haemophilia. Physical benefits include increasing strength and flexibility and reducing the risks of osteoporosis, arthropathy, and intramuscular and joint bleeds; social benefits have also been observed. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that people with haemophilia may still be averse to engaging with physical activity due to fears of causing bleeding, joint pain and joint damage.MethodologyQualitative interviews were conducted with young men with haemophilia treated at comprehensive care centres in London, to explore and identify the reasons behind risk-averse behaviours towards exercise and physical activity. The interview questions were designed to prompt discussion and capture opinions relating to participants’ physical activity and gym membership/use, and the degree to which their haemophilia impacts on both.ResultsTen participants were interviewed. Preferred activities were variable, with five participants describing themselves as very physically active, three moderately active, and two reporting little physical activity; four described themselves as ‘not gym-confident’. Seven participants described themselves as highly or moderately motivated to undertake physical activity, with motivations including weight loss and getting fit for summer holidays. However, there was some anxiety around weight-bearing exercise due to the fear of pain or injury. All participants had been exposed to personal trainers (PTs) and recognised the importance of being properly introduced to training equipment but felt that PTs were too expensive for them. The majority of participants reported sports-related injuries and self-perceived limitations on activity due to their personal/individual experience of living with haemophlia. Physiotherapists were often the first point of contact for advice and support on safe physical activity. All participants recognised the benefits of physical activity and had been encouraged in this by their physiotherapists.ConclusionYoung men with haemophilia are keen to use the gym as part of their personal fitness regimens. The ongoing safety concerns of health care professionals warrants further research.
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Ramasamy, Arul, Spyros D. Masouros, Nicolas Newell, Adam M. Hill, William G. Proud, Katherine A. Brown, Anthony M. J. Bull, and Jon C. Clasper. "In-vehicle extremity injuries from improvised explosive devices: current and future foci." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1562 (January 27, 2011): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0219.
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The conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have been epitomized by the insurgents' use of the improvised explosive device against vehicle-borne security forces. These weapons, capable of causing multiple severely injured casualties in a single incident, pose the most prevalent single threat to Coalition troops operating in the region. Improvements in personal protection and medical care have resulted in increasing numbers of casualties surviving with complex lower limb injuries, often leading to long-term disability. Thus, there exists an urgent requirement to investigate and mitigate against the mechanism of extremity injury caused by these devices. This will necessitate an ontological approach, linking molecular, cellular and tissue interaction to physiological dysfunction. This can only be achieved via a collaborative approach between clinicians, natural scientists and engineers, combining physical and numerical modelling tools with clinical data from the battlefield. In this article, we compile existing knowledge on the effects of explosions on skeletal injury, review and critique relevant experimental and computational research related to lower limb injury and damage and propose research foci required to drive the development of future mitigation technologies.
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Priaulx, Nicolette. "News and Views Managing Novel Reproductive Injuries in the Law of Tort: The Curious Case of Destroyed Sperm." European Journal of Health Law 17, no. 1 (2010): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180909x12604572349728.
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AbstractIn view of developments in reproductive medicine, clinical mishaps in this domain are beginning to give rise to ‘injuries’ not easily accommodated within the English law of negligence. While ‘personal injury’ is typically understood as manifesting a deleterious ‘physical’ dimension, cases involving the negligent destruction of cryopreserved sperm, as recently litigated in Yearworth & Ors v Bristol NHS Trust (2009), and other media reported mishaps in fertility treatment do not straightforwardly possess this quality. Without modification, the traditional tortious conception of ‘personal injury’ in English law will not be able to address novel claims. Critically, however, nor do alternative modes of redress seem to offer ease of application. Focusing upon the controversial Yearworth case and exploring what is seen as an unpromising framing of loss, the note argues that there is now an urgent need to rethink what counts as ‘personal injury’. Arguing for the formal recognition of ‘reproductive injury’ as an independent head of damage in negligence, and illustrating the presence of judicial support for that approach, the comment suggests that in light of the difficult challenges that lie in the wake of Yearworth, such a development may be not only desirable but necessary.
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Ackermann, Bronwen J. "How Much Training Is Too Much?" Medical Problems of Performing Artists 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2017.1011.
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Managing training practices in elite performance domains is recognised to play an important role in preventing musculoskeletal overload, and hence reducing the risk of overuse-related injuries. In international studies spanning four decades, the duration of playing, especially in combination with sudden increases in playing and inadequate rest breaks, remains one of the most common causes of injuries. With musculoskeletal performance in occupational and sports domains, both the work:rest ratio and the acute:chronic workload ratio are considered critical in making an approximate determination in the length of training sessions. However, there are many complex underlying mechanisms that interact with the duration of training and how long a performing artist may safely rehearse or practice. Instead of trying to set rigid timelines, particularly for personal practice/training, recognising mental and physical signs of fatigue may be more useful to inform the performing artist when to stop and rest rather than to persist.
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Schwebel, David C., and Carl M. Brezausek. "Child Development and Pediatric Sport and Recreational Injuries by Age." Journal of Athletic Training 49, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.41.
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Context: In 2010, 8.6 million children were treated for unintentional injuries in American emergency departments. Child engagement in sports and recreation offers many health benefits but also exposure to injury risks. In this analysis, we consider possible developmental risk factors in a review of age, sex, and incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries. Objective: To assess (1) how the incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries changed through each year of child and adolescent development, ages 1 to 18 years, and (2) sex differences. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Emergency department visits across the United States, as reported in the 2001–2008 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database. Patients or Other Participants: Data represent population-wide emergency department visits in the United States. Main Outcome Measure(s) Pediatric sport- and recreation-related injuries requiring treatment in hospital emergency departments. Results: Almost 37 pediatric sport or recreational injuries are treated hourly in the United States. The incidence of sport- and recreation-related injuries peaks at widely different ages. Team-sport injuries tend to peak in the middle teen years, playground injuries peak in the early elementary ages and then drop off slowly, and bicycling injuries peak in the preteen years but are a common cause of injury throughout childhood and adolescence. Bowling injuries peaked at the earliest age (4 years), and injuries linked to camping and personal watercraft peaked at the oldest age (18 years). The 5 most common causes of sport and recreational injuries across development, in order, were basketball, football, bicycling, playgrounds, and soccer. Sex disparities were common in the incidence of pediatric sport and recreational injuries. Conclusions: Both biological and sociocultural factors likely influence the developmental aspects of pediatric sport and recreational injury risk. Biologically, changes in perception, cognition, and motor control might influence injury risk. Socioculturally, decisions must be made about which sport and recreational activities to engage in and how much risk taking occurs while engaging in those activities. Understanding the developmental aspects of injury data trends allows preventionists to target education at specific groups.
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Atalaia, Tiago, José Prazeres, João Abrantes, and Hilary M. Clayton. "Equine Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review of the Literature." Animals 11, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061508.
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Injuries to the locomotor system are a common problem in athletic horses. Veterinarians address these injuries using appropriate medical, surgical, and pharmacological treatments. During or after recovery from the initial injury, horses may be treated for functional locomotor deficits using specific rehabilitation techniques aimed at restoring full athletic performance. This study reviews the literature to identify which rehabilitative techniques have been used most frequently in horses over the past 20 years, the protocols that were used, and the outcomes of the treatments in naturally occurring injuries and diseases. Publications were identified using keyword selection (Equine Athlete OR Equine OR Horse) AND (Rehabilitation OR Physiotherapy OR Physical Therapy). After removing duplicates and screening papers for suitability, 49 manuscripts were included in the study. The majority of publications that met the inclusion criteria were narrative reviews (49%) in which the authors cited the relatively small number of published evidence-based studies supplemented by personal experience. Observational/descriptive studies were also popular (35%). Randomized control trials accounted for only 10%. The most frequently reported rehabilitation techniques were exercise, electrotherapy, and hydrotherapy. The findings highlight the need for further information regarding type of intervention, parameterization, and outcomes of equine rehabilitation in clinical practice.
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Lopes, Catia, Annibal Scavarda, Mauricio de Carvalho, Guilherme Vaccaro, and André Korzenowski. "Analysis of Sustainability in Hospital Laundry: The Social, Environmental, and Economic (Cost) Risks." Resources 8, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010037.
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Personal and physical injuries are two of the most relevant costs to hospitals. Hospital laundries are sources of these costs due to the physical and health risks present in the clothes and the activities performed. Energy and environmental risk and infrastructure issues also incur operational costs to these organizations and to the health system. This research analyzes the social, environmental, and economic risk in the hospital laundry process, through a multiple-case-study design. Data collection methods include interviews regarding three hospital laundry services in Brazil. The processes of these laundry services have a high consumption of resources (water and energy) and a substantial generation of solid and liquid wastes. Cost reduction actions include pooled laundry services and material substitution. There are also social and environmental risks, the most frequent being ergonomic, biological, and chemical hazards, and injures from sharp devices inadequately disposed. Hospital laundries need more sustainable operations, not only in the infrastructure, but also mostly in the awareness of leaders and teams about the importance of their engagements to resource management and waste reduction in laundry. It is opportune to convince professionals and users about changing habits that do not prioritize sustainability, especially its social and environmental aspects.
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Figueiredo, Ana Flávia Câmara, Luiz Filipe Cerqueira Barbosa, Kimberly Moreira Pereira da Silva, and Gleidson Mendes Rebouças. "ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF INJURIES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN BRAZILIAN CLIMBERS." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 25, no. 5 (October 2019): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220192505216999.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Many Brazilians became climbing enthusiasts in the 20th century, and the activity was recently included as an Olympic sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. With the increase in the number of climbers seeking to beat personal and/or competitive records, the number of injuries has also increased. Objectives To verify the prevalence of injuries in Brazilian climbers, as well as their association with sociodemographic characteristics and sport performance. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic observational study was conducted from March 2018 to May 2018 with the application of a virtual questionnaire for 266 Brazilian climbers. The statistical analysis was performed subsequently. Results The prevalence of injuries in Brazilian climbers was 71.8%. The main characteristics of the injuries that merited special attention were musculotendinous site (50.8%), sport climbing (22.0%), upper limb (50.3%) and mechanism of abrupt movement (20.4%). The most popular treatment was medical in combination with physiotherapy (34.5%), and time off was generally more than 30 days (50.3%). There was a significant association (p <0.05) of the injuries with age, gender, region of the country, BMI, level of education and involvement in other sports, as well as athletic and recreational category, climbing time, basic course certificate, warming up, monthly rock climbing and weekly indoor climbing frequency, and the climbing grade. Conclusion Due to the increase in the popularity of the sport and the high prevalence of climbers with a history of injuries, multiprofessional follow-up is needed to procure risk reduction programs and to enhance climbers’ awareness of the factors associated with these injuries. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients, without consistently applied ‘’gold’’ reference standard.
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Varghese, Blesson, Dino Pisaniello, Alana Hansen, Susan Williams, and Peng Bi. "O8B.4 Exploring occupational injury experiences during hot weather: a national survey of health and safety professionals." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A72.3—A73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.195.
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IntroductionExposure to extreme heat can lead to adverse health effects and contribute to work-related injuries. However, there is limited understanding of how physical injuries arise in hot weather. A study of the perspectives of stakeholders such as occupational health and safety professionals (HSPs) on injury risk factors during hot weather may assist in informing injury prevention efforts.MethodsA national online survey of HSPs was undertaken. Collected data included perspectives on injury experiences, current preventive measures, training, policies and guidelines, and barriers for prevention. Results were analyzed descriptively and a log-poisson regression was used to identify risk factors associated with reported injuries during hot weather at workplaces the HSPs visited/managed.ResultsIn total there were 307 respondents, the majority of who acknowledged the potential for increased risk of occupational injuries in hot weather. A variety of injury types and mechanisms were reported, including manual handling injuries, hand injuries, wounds or lacerations and loss of control of power tools.Work factors significantly associated with reported injuries included problems with personal protective equipment; lack of shade; inadequate hydration and rest breaks, and problems with supervision.Less than half (42%) of HSPs stated the availability of adequate heat training for staff and 54% reported the provision for outdoor work to cease if temperatures are extreme as a preventive measure in workplaces they visited/managed. HSPs recommended ‘heat stress training’ as the most important preventive measure for outdoor and indoor workers. Reported barriers for prevention include: lack of awareness by workers and supervisors of injury risks, and management concerns about productivity loss and/or deadlines.ConclusionThese findings point to a range of modifiable work and organisational risk factors for injury during hot weather. More attention to these factors, in conjunction with traditional interventions for heat-induced illness, could enhance injury prevention in the workplace.
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Ismail, Siti Zubaidah. "The Modern Interpretation of the Diyat Formula for the Quantum of Damages: The Case of Homicide and Personal Injuries." Arab Law Quarterly 26, no. 3 (2012): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730255-12341237.
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Abstract Diyat is an old concept evolving from the custom of blood revenge practiced during pre-Islamic Arabia. The Qu’rān authorizes diyat as a kind of retaliation for homicide in lieu of qiṣāṣ in which the victim’s family pardons the offender, while the Ḥadīth elaborate in detail upon the typology, characteristics and quantum for murder and various types of physical injury. In reality, pecuniary compensation is an ancient practice that predates the pre-Islamic era, and, furthermore, this divine principle shows that Islam recognizes the human practice. To ensure that its dynamic is embraced in the contemporary situation, the methods of payment, i.e., value in camels and dinar, need revisiting. This article contributes to the subject thereby adding to the literature concerning diyat by reinterpreting the mechanism of restoring the value of gold dinar as an exchange for modern implementation.
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Perry, Susan B., and Patricia A. Downey. "Fracture Risk and Prevention: A Multidimensional Approach." Physical Therapy 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20100383.
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Although physical therapists commonly manage neuromusculoskeletal disorders and injuries, their scope of practice also includes prevention and wellness. In particular, this perspective article proposes that physical therapists are well positioned to address the client's skeletal health by incorporating fracture prevention into clinical practice with all adults. Fracture prevention consists primarily of maximizing bone strength and preventing falls. Both of these initiatives require an evidence-based, multidimensional approach that customizes interventions based on an individual's medical history, risk factors, and personal goals. The purposes of this perspective article are: (1) to review the role of exercise and nutrition in bone health and disease; (2) to introduce the use of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) into physical therapist practice; (3) to review the causes and prevention of falls; and (4) to propose a role for the physical therapist in promotion of bone health for all adult clients, ideally to help prevent fractures and their potentially devastating sequelae.
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Glenn, Jeffrey, Madeline Bluth, Mannon Christianson, Jaymie Pressley, Austin Taylor, Gregory S. Macfarlane, and Robert A. Chaney. "Considering the Potential Health Impacts of Electric Scooters: An Analysis of User Reported Behaviors in Provo, Utah." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 31, 2020): 6344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176344.
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Electric scooters (e-scooters) are an increasingly popular form of transportation in urban areas. While research on this topic has focused primarily on injuries, there are multiple mechanisms by which e-scooter share programs may impact health. The aim of this study is to explore the health-related behaviors of e-scooter users and to discuss their implications for public health. Data were collected using an online survey emailed to registered e-scooter users. A total of 1070 users completed the survey. Descriptive variable statistics and chi-squared analysis were performed to determine variable dependent relationships and equality of proportions. The most common destinations reported were “just riding around for fun”, home, and dining/shopping. The two most common modes of transportation that would have been used if e-scooters were not available were walking (43.5%) and using a personal vehicle (28.5%). Riding behavior was equally mixed between on the street, on the sidewalk, and equal amounts of both. e-Scooters in Provo are likely having both positive (e.g., air pollution) and negative impacts on health (e.g., injuries, physical inactivity). Future research should further explore patterns of e-scooter use and explicitly examine the linkages between e-scooters and areas of health beyond just injuries.
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Dassanayake, L., A. Karunarathne, and D. Munidasa. "(A21) Injury Patterns of Blast Type Antipersonnel Land Mine Victims." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000343.
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Anti-personnel land mines are deployed in many regions of conflict around the world. A large number of civilians and militants are affected regularly due to the blasts of such mines. Once set, they remain as silent concealed killers for decades and challenge the safety of the civilians even during the times of peace. A descriptive study was carried out at the Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital during a six month period starting in July 2007. The total number of anti-personal land mine injuries admitted during this period was 89. In all cases, the body part primarily in contact with the mine had been a lower limb. Except for few occasions, extensive soft tissue damage associated with compound fractures necessitated some form of an amputation for those limbs in primary contact with the blast mines. Closed fractures of the calcareous, talus, and the tarsal bones were seen in two cases. Nearly two thirds of the patients sustained either soft tissue or bone injuries to the opposite lower limb. Twelve percent of the victims had compound fractures on the opposite tibia and fibula. Injuries to external genitalia were seen in 8% of the cases. Upper limb injuries were not rare and predominantly found on the contra lateral upper limb (17%). The majority of them were soft tissue injuries. Chest wall injuries were seen among 2% of the cases. Superficial facial injuries were seen among 7% of the cases. In one occasion a gingival injury was detected. Seven percent of the victims developed deterioration in level of consciousness. None of them clinically showed any external physical trauma to the head. In some instances, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was ranked as 7 in which tracheal intubation and ventilation were needed. It was evident in this study that the majority of the affected patients sustained severe injuries in both lower limbs in contrast to some of the previous available studies.
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Schram, Ben, Rodney Pope, Adam Norman, and Robin Orr. "A Detailed Analysis of Serious Personal Injuries Suffered by Full Time and Part Time Soldiers of the Australian Army." Military Medicine 185, no. 3-4 (October 28, 2019): e364-e369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz370.
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Abstract Introduction The intense training and occupational demands of military personnel place the individual at risk of serious injury. When they do occur, serious personal injuries (SPIs) can lead to medical discharge, mission compromise, and ongoing recurrence of problems. Prior to the implementation of any minimization strategies, an understanding of the causes of SPIs requires development. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence rates and patterns of SPIs within the Australian Regular Army (ARA) and Australian Army Reserve (ARES). Methods Data for a 2-year period were obtained through the Work Health, Safety, Compensation, and Reporting database of the Australian Department of Defence. Records of SPIs were extracted, with details including: (a) the activity being performed when the injury was suffered; (b) the body location of injury; (c) the nature of injury; and (d) the mechanism of injury. Results were reported as number of SPIs and converted to SPIs/100 full-time equivalent (FTE) years of service. Results In total, 507 SPIs were reported over the two-year period (ARA = 466; ARES = 41). SPIs most commonly: occurred during combat training (n = 80; 0.13 SPIs/100 FTE years) and physical training (n = 66; 0.10 SPIs/100 FTE years); affected the head (n = 63; 0.10 SPIs/100 FTE years) and shoulders (n = 57; 0.09 SPIs/100 FTE years); and comprised fractures (n = 199; 0.19 SPIs/100 FTE years) and soft-tissue injuries (n = 103; 0.16 SPIs/100 FTE years). The most common mechanism of injury was falls (n = 132; 0.21 SPIs/100 FTE years) or contact with objects (n = 114; 0.18 SPIs/100 FTE years). When adjusted for service time, ARES personnel were found to report SPIs more frequently than ARA personnel (0.87 vs. 0.79/100 FTE years, respectively) giving an injury risk ratio (ARA:ARES) of 0.91 [95% CI = 0.66–1.25]. Conclusions Despite higher absolute numbers of SPIs occurring in ARA, ARES in fact report similar rates of SPIs when adjusted for service time. The natures and mechanisms of SPIs are also similar for both service types and therefore should be the focus of targeted programs to reduce such injuries.
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Lockhart, Barbara D. "Injured Athletes' Perceived Loss of Identity: Educational Implications for Athletic Trainers." Athletic Training Education Journal 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1947-380x-5.1.26.
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Context: As educators, athletic trainers should familiarize athletes with the concepts of self-acceptance self-esteem and identity to assuage psychological trauma accompanying injury because the more a person identifies with being an athlete, the more difficult it is to deal with athletic injury. Objective: The objective of this article is to provide practical information to athletic trainers to assist them with their educative role in addressing athletes' identity loss that often accompanies athletic injury. Background: Measures of psychological trauma accompanying physical trauma show that psychological trauma can be extreme. Furthermore, the loss of identity is a major factor for athletes who are dealing with the psychological trauma of athletic injuries. Athletic trainers who assume responsibility to address issues of psychological loss from athletic injury can be a great benefit to the injured individual. Description: The use of the Worth Index, which differentiates between self-acceptance self-esteem and achievement self-esteem, demonstrates that it is possible for people to perceive their personal worth and identity as distinct from their behavior. Athletic trainers are in an excellent position to interact with athletes and utilize specific questions to facilitate dialogue related to identity and self-esteem. Clinical Advantages: In practice, clinical advantages may include improving an athlete's ability to put a physical injury in proper perspective, strengthening their commitment to rehabilitation, and avoiding complications due to emotional trauma. Conclusions: Athletic trainers must recognize their educative responsibilities and assist injured athletes in addressing issues of identify loss.
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Kurnik, K., C. Bidlingmaier, and M. Olivieri. "Coagulation testing in the evaluation of suspected child abuse." Hämostaseologie 29, no. 02 (2009): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1617017.
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SummaryEvery year in Germany nearly 3000 cases of child abuse were reported. When children are presented at emergency units with suspicious injuries and bruises a detailed documentation an evaluation is necessary after emergency treatment. As differential diagnosis inherited or acquired bleeding disorders should be excluded. In addition to a detailed evaluation of personal and family history and a physical evaluation different coagulation test to exclude defects of primary and secondary hemostasis should be performed. Clinician must know the limitations of these tests and keep in mind that an abnormal coagulation test does not exclude child abuse. Coagulation defects may be the consequence of child abuse and neglect or the two conditions may coexist.
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Haywood, Carol, Elizabeth Pyatak, Natalie Leland, Benjamin Henwood, and Mary C. Lawlor. "A Qualitative Study of Caregiving for Adolescents and Young Adults With Spinal Cord Injuries: Lessons From Lived Experiences." Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 25, no. 4 (September 2019): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/sci2504-281.
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Objective: To examine characteristics of caregiving from the perspectives of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and their informal caregivers to address outstanding gaps in knowledge relating to definitions of caregiving and its associated practices for this population. Methods: A multiphase qualitative design was applied, using phenomenological and narrative methods to capture data in participants' homes and communities. Participants were recruited from rehabilitation hospitals and community organizations throughout Los Angeles County, California. Inclusion criteria for AYAs included being 15–22 years old, having acquired an SCI within the previous 5 years, and using a wheelchair for mobility. The AYAs nominated persons they identified as primary caregivers to also participate. Data were collected through individual and group interviews as well as activity observations. Results: Data from the 17 participants (9 AYAs and 8 informal, primary caregivers) revealed ways in which the meaning of caregiving varied among dyads. Caregiving practices extended beyond physical assistance to include support for a range of day-to-day activities spanning from practical needs to facilitating developmental trajectories. Although AYAs expressed ideas about preferred caregiver characteristics, care partnerships appeared to be guided more by availability than preference. Conclusion: Phenomenological analysis revealed that the meaning of “caregiving” and its associated practices are highly individualized for AYAs with SCIs. Caregiving is rooted in personal needs related to effects of SCI and developmental goals. Everyday practices are shaped by individual relationships and the beliefs of AYAs and their caregivers. Addressing influences of caregiving on long-term health and function may require attention to developmental processes, caregiver “fit,” and ways care is, or can be, distributed throughout broader networks according to personal needs and preferences.
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Rathore, F. A. "(A314) Role of Medical Rehabilitation in Acute Disaster Response." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003311.
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IntroductionNatural Disasters result in a sudden onslaught of huge numbers of catastrophic and disabling injuries including spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, limb amputations, long bone fractures and peripheral nerve injuries. In addition to these there are persons with pre-existing disabilities in the affected disaster zones. Oftentimes disasters overwhelm the available resources and rehabilitation services are usually underdeveloped in most parts of the disaster affected zones. Both challenges are frequently neglected and not included in disaster response planning. As a consequence, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) has traditionally played no or little role in the post disaster phase and disaster planning.MethodologyThe data was derived from an English language literature search (1950–2010) using Pubmed, Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, Ovid, and Sagepub. Other sources of data included discussion with subject matter experts and the author's personal experience.ResultsPRM has not historically become actively engaged in medical rehabilitation of injuries until 24-48 hours post-event. The emergence of the discipline of disaster rehabilitation however, advances PMR into the emergency response phase. This paper describes the disability pattern after disasters, shortcomings in the traditional disaster response with reference to PMR interventions and disabled populations and its negative consequences. It then explores the rehabilitation interventions offered in different disaster scenarios during the last decade and its positive impact in achieving a better outcome for the new onset and pre-existing disabled population.ConclusionsThis is the first paper in biomedical literature exploring the possible role of PRM in the post disaster phase. The paper offers recommendations to include PRM in the disaster response phase and possible plans of action for organizations working in the fields of disability and disaster management. It is expected that this paper will guide future research and establishment of the field of Disaster Rehabilitation.
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Oun, Abdulhakim M., Elmokhtar M. Hadida, and Charles Stewart. "Assessment of the Knowledge of Blast Injuries Management among Physicians Working in Tripoli Hospitals (Libya)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x17000127.
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AbstractIntroductionNo study on hospital staff preparedness for managing blast injuries has been conducted in Libya. The internal conflict in Libya since 2011 and the difficulties faced by the hospitals has highlighted the need for such studies.HypothesisPhysicians working in Tripoli (capital city Libya) hospitals are inadequately prepared for the management of blast injuries.MethodsA survey was conducted in all 13 hospitals in Tripoli between June 2014 and May 2015 by using interviews based on a questionnaire consisting of 29 questions covering physicians’ education related to blast injury, hospital management of mass casualties, and aspects of hospital preparedness for such incidents.ResultsOf 3,799 physicians working in Tripoli hospitals, 607 physicians were interviewed (16.0%). All but one of the physicians reported that there was no disaster response plan, none of them had read such a plan, 496 (81.7%) reported that hospitals were not prepared, and 471 (77.6%) that hospitals were not equipped for blast injuries. Though 414 (68.2%) reported that radiological equipment was available, 597 (98.3%) revealed that hospitals do not adopt training for blast injury. Only 39 (6.4%) had received professional training, though 183 (30.1%) were seeing blast injury patients at least once a week in their daily practice. Nevertheless, 185 (30.5%) had previous knowledge and experience in blast injuries management and 338 (55.70%) were aware of the major physical findings, but only 75 (12.4%) were following specific guidelines. According to approximately one-third of the physicians (192; 31%), staff and patient safety were not priorities for the hospital administration. Almost all (606; 99.9%) revealed that personal protective equipment for chemical and nuclear accidents was not available.ConclusionPreparedness for blast injuries in Tripoli hospitals is seriously deficient. Planning optimized blast and disaster management in Libya is essential.OunAM,HadidaEM,StewartC.Assessment of the knowledge of blast injuries management among physicians working in Tripoli hospitals (Libya).Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(3):311–316.
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van den Broek, Martin D., Linda Monaci, and Jared G. Smith. "Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ): Normative Data and Utility in Assessing Acquired Neurological Impairment." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 5 (April 17, 2019): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acy069.
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Abstract Objective The Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ) is a measure designed to assess acquired cognitive, emotional, and physical complaints. The present study sought to develop a normative database to allow clinicians and researchers to assess self-reported complaints among people with disabilities, and evaluate the response consistency and validity of their self-report. Method 404 community-dwelling participants (n 200 males, 204 females) completed the PPQ, as well as an acquired brain injury (ABI) group (n 59), mainly following stroke and traumatic brain injuries, and seen for clinical (i.e., non-forensic) evaluations. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to derive norms from the healthy community sample taking into account age, gender, and educational level. Results Normative T scores and cut-off points for the Clinical and Validity scales were derived, respectively, and used to assess the responses of the ABI group. The results indicated that the ABI group showed good response consistency and elevated scores on the Clinical scales, indicating that the PPQ is likely to be useful in detecting acquired disabilities. On the other hand, scores on the Validity scales were not elevated, indicating that the measures were unaffected by the ABI participants’ cognitive difficulties. Conclusions The PPQ provides a comprehensive assessment of complaints and response validity and the present study provides further data to assist with its use and interpretation.
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Lombardo, Barbara, Viviana Izzo, Daniela Terracciano, Annaluisa Ranieri, Cristina Mazzaccara, Fabio Fimiani, Arturo Cesaro, et al. "Laboratory medicine: health evaluation in elite athletes." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 10 (September 25, 2019): 1450–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-1107.
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Abstract The need to evaluate the health status of an athlete represents a crucial aim in preventive and protective sports science in order to identify the best diagnostic strategy to improve performance and reduce risks related to physical exercise. In the present review we aim to define the main biochemical and haematological markers that vary significantly during and after sports training to identify risk factors, at competitive and professional levels and to highlight the set up of a specific parameter’s panel for elite athletes. Moreover, we also intend to consider additional biomarkers, still under investigation, which could further contribute to laboratory sports medicine and provide reliable data that can be used by athlete’s competent staff in order to establish personal attitudes and prevent sports injuries.
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González Calvo, Gustavo, and Lucio Martínez Álvarez. "Aproximación a los significados e interpretaciones de la lesión en futuros docentes de educación física por medio de narraciones autobiográficas (An approach to meaning and significance of the injured body in prospective physical education teachers throug." Retos, no. 15 (March 28, 2015): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i15.34996.
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El presente artículo muestra el modo en que una lesión deportiva puede derivar en un acontecimiento que cambia la vida de un potencial docente del área de Educación Física, así como las consecuencias para el desarrollo personal que de ella resultan. De la misma manera, los datos resaltan los dilemas a los que esta persona se enfrenta para sentirse cómodo con su propio cuerpo cuando su «imagen de sí» se ha distorsionado. Así, se pretende ayudar a entender de qué manera las subjetividades individuales expresadas en relatos autobiográficos llegan a construir, entender y valorar el cuerpo y el sentido del yo surgidos a raíz de la lesión deportiva. Para dar respuesta a los objetivos pretendidos, metodológicamente nos apoyamos en las posibilidades que brinda la historia de vida como método de introspección, toma de conciencia y modo de conectar con las experiencias corporeizadas del futuro profesorado del ámbito de la Educación Física.Abstract: This study shows how a sport injury can lead to an event that changes a prospective physical educator’s life and the consequences for the personal development that result from it. The same way, the data highlight the dilemma that this person faces to feel comfortable with their own body when his «self-image» has been distorted. In doing so, the article seeks to help us to understand how individual subjectivities expressed on autobiographical narratives about sport injuries go as far as to construct and understand the body and the meaning of the self arising after the injury. With this intention in mind, we rely on the possibilities that life story provides as method of self-analysis, awareness, and a way of connecting with the embodied experiences of physical education student teachers.
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Englefield, Bruce, Melissa Starling, and Paul McGreevy. "A review of roadkill rescue: who cares for the mental, physical and financial welfare of Australian wildlife carers?" Wildlife Research 45, no. 2 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17099.
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The non-human animal deaths and injuries that result from collisions with motor vehicles are known colloquially as roadkill, and often lead to individuals from various taxa being orphaned. The complexities of multiple spatial and temporal variables in the available data on Australian roadkill and the scale of orphaning and injury make statistical analysis difficult. However, data that offer proxy measures of the roadkill problem suggest a conservative estimate of 4 million Australian mammalian roadkill per year. Also, Australian native mammals are mainly marsupial, so female casualties can have surviving young in their pouches, producing an estimated 560 000 orphans per year. A conservative estimate is that up to 50 000 of these are rescued, rehabilitated and released by volunteer wildlife carers. These roadkill-associated orphans are in addition to those produced by other anthropogenic and natural events and the injured adult animals in the care of volunteers. In accepting total responsibility for rescued animals, wildlife carers face many demands. Their knowledge base can require days of initial instruction with the need for continual updates, and their physical abilities and personal health can be tested by sleepless nights, demanding manual tasks and zoonoses. This review article explores the impact of this commitment and conservatively estimates carers’ financial input to raise one joey at approximately $2000 a year, and their time input at 1000 h, equating to $31 000 per year, applying a dollar value of $31 per hour. It categorises relevant types of grief associated with hand-rearing orphans and rehabilitating injured animals, and suggests that wildlife carers most likely experience many types of grief but are also susceptible to burn-out through compassion fatigue. A perceived lack of understanding, empathy and appreciation for their work by government can add to the stressors they face. Volunteering is declining in Australia at 1% per year, social capital is eroding and the human population is aging, while the number of injured and orphaned animals is increasing. Wildlife carers are a strategic national asset, and they need to be acknowledged and supported if their health and the public service they provide is not to be compromised.
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McGoldrick, Rory B., Adam Sawyer, Christopher R. Davis, Evgenia Theodorakopoulou, and Maxwell Murison. "Lasers and ancillary treatments for scar management: personal experience over two decades and contextual review of the literature. Part I: Burn scars." Scars, Burns & Healing 2 (January 1, 2016): 205951311664209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059513116642090.
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[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] The formation of a wide range of excessive scars following various skin injuries is a natural consequence of healing. Scars resulting from surgery or trauma affect approximately 100 million people per annum in the developed world and can have profound physical, aesthetic, psychological and social consequences. Thus, scar treatment is a priority for the plastic surgeon. We aim to explore new approaches to the management of such scarring. The senior authors current use of laser technology, chemotherapeutic agents, pharmacotherapy and cryosurgery will be reviewed. This is placed in the context of the current literature and evidence base and is illustrated with case studies, starting with burns scars in part I, and focusing on keloid and hypertrophic scars in part II, acne scars in part III and finally pigmented scars in part IV. In Part I we focus on burns scar treatment with fractional ablative 10,600 nm wavelength carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy.
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Hu, Degang, Xiaolei Liu, Hongfan Xiao, and Wulong Zhang. "Jogging-related Risk Cognition and the Stimulation of Risky Behavior during Jogging." American Journal of Health Behavior 45, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.45.2.6.
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Objectives: With the rapid increase in the number of Chinese joggers, the number of people incurring injuries from jogging also has increased. Evaluating the relationship between jogging-related risk cognition and risky behaviors while jogging will help improve jogging-related risk cognition among joggers. Methods: We collected questionnaires about jogging-related risky behaviors and risk cognition from 3468 Chinese exercisers using a stratified random sampling method. We analyzed these data with correlation and multi-linear regression analyses. Results: The regression coefficients between risk cognition related to jogging-related technical procedures and risky behavior, between risk cognition related to personal physical and mental conditions and risky behavior, between risk cognition related to jogging-related equipment factors and risky behavior, between risk cognition related to jogging-related environmental factors and risky behavior, and between risk cognition related to personal jogging competition-related factors and risky behavior were all negative and statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusions: The level of risk cognition related to jogging is negatively correlated with actual risky behavior during jogging, which indicates that the higher the level of jogging-related risk cognition, the fewer jogging-related risky behaviors occur.
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Quarrie, Ken, Simon Gianotti, and Ian Murphy. "Injury Risk in New Zealand Rugby Union: A Nationwide Study of Injury Insurance Claims from 2005 to 2017." Sports Medicine 50, no. 2 (September 11, 2019): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01176-9.
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Abstract Objectives The Accident Compensation Corporation is a compulsory, 24-h, no-fault personal injury insurance scheme in New Zealand. The purpose of this large-scale retrospective cohort study was to use Accident Compensation Corporation records to provide information about rugby injury epidemiology in New Zealand, with a focus on describing differences in risk by age and gender. Methods A total of 635,657 rugby injury claims were made to the Accident Compensation Corporation for players aged 5–40 years over the period 2005–2017. Information about player numbers and estimates of player exposure was obtained from New Zealand Rugby, the administrative organisation for rugby in New Zealand. Results Over three quarters of claims (76%) were for soft-tissue injuries, with 11% resulting from fractures or dislocations, 6.7% from lacerations, 3.1% from concussions and 2.0% from dental injuries. Body regions injured included shoulder (14%), knee (14%), wrist/hand (13%), neck/spine (13%), head/face (12%), leg (11%) and ankle (10%). The probability of a player making at least one injury claim in a season (expressed as a percentage) was calculated under the assumption that the incidence of claims follows a Poisson distribution. Players aged 5–6 years had a probability of making at least one claim per season of 1.0%, compared to 8.3% for players aged 7–12 years, 35% for age 13–17 years, 53% for age 18–20 years, 57% for age 21–30 years and 47% for age 31–40 years. The overall probability of making at least one claim per season across all age groups was 29%. The relative claim rate for adults (players aged 18 years and over) was 3.92 (90% confidence interval 3.90–3.94) times that of children. Ten percent of players were female, and they sustained 6% of the injuries. Overall, the relative claim rate for female players was 0.57 times that of male players (90% confidence interval 0.56–0.58). The relative claim rate of female to male players tended to increase with age. There were very few female players aged over 30 years; however, those who did play had higher claim rates than male players of the same age group (1.49; 90% confidence interval 1.45–1.53). Conclusions Injuries resulting from rugby are distributed across the body, and most of the claims are for soft-tissue injuries. Rates of injury increase rapidly through the teenage years until the early 20 s; for male players they then decrease until the mid-30 s. For female players, the injury rate does not decrease as players move into their 30 s. Combining Accident Compensation Corporation injury claim data with national player registration data provides useful information about the risks faced by New Zealand’s community rugby players, and the insights derived are used in the development of rugby injury prevention programme content.
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Harrell, Mason, Saranya A. Selvaraj, and Mia Edgar. "DANGER! Crisis Health Workers at Risk." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 22, 2020): 5270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155270.
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The occupational hazards of health workers (HWs) in standard work environments have been well defined in both the developed and developing world during routine working conditions. Less defined are the hazards to HWs during pandemics, epidemics, natural disasters, wars, conflicts, and other crises. How do crises affect the infrastructure of medical systems? What are the distinct needs of the patient population during crises? What are the peculiarities of the Crisis Health Worker (CHW)? What are the known CHWs’ occupational risks? What are the protective factors? By means of a PubMed search, we synthesized the most relevant publications to try to answer these questions. Failures of healthcare infrastructure and institutions include CHW shortages, insufficient medical supplies, medications, transportation, poorly paid health workers, security concerns, and the absence of firm guidance in health policy. Healthcare needs affecting the patient population and CHWs include crisis-induced injury and illness, hazardous exposures, communicable diseases, mental healthcare, and continuity of care for pre-crisis medical conditions. CHWs’ occupational hazards include supply deficiencies, infectious disease transmission, long working hours, staff shortages, financial reimbursements, mental fatigue, physical exhaustion, and inconsistent access to clean water, electricity, and Internet. CHWs suffer from injuries and illnesses that range from immediate, debilitating injuries to chronic, unforeseen effects like mental fatigue, physical exhaustion, anxiety, burnout, and even post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD). Protective factors include personal traits such as adaptability and resilience as well as skills learned through structured education and training. Success will be achieved by constructively collaborating with local authorities, local health workers, national military, foreign military, and aid organizations.