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Journal articles on the topic 'Personal strivings'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Romero, Estrella, Paula Villar, M. Ángeles Luengo, and José A. Gómez-Fraguela. "Traits, personal strivings and well-being." Journal of Research in Personality 43, no. 4 (August 2009): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.03.006.

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2

Goodman, Fallon R., Todd B. Kashdan, Melissa C. Stiksma, and Dan V. Blalock. "Personal Strivings to Understand Anxiety Disorders: Social Anxiety as an Exemplar." Clinical Psychological Science 7, no. 2 (November 14, 2018): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702618804778.

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People with anxiety disorders tend to make decisions on the basis of avoiding threat rather than obtaining rewards. Despite a robust literature examining approach-avoidance motivation, less is known about goal pursuit. The present study examined the content, motives, consequences, and daily correlates of strivings among adults diagnosed with social anxiety disorder and healthy controls. Participants generated six strivings along with the motives and consequences of their pursuit. Compared with controls, people with social anxiety disorder were less strongly driven by autonomous motives and reported greater difficulty pursuing strivings. Coders analyzed strivings for the presence of 10 themes: achievement, affiliation, avoidance, emotion regulation, generativity, interpersonal, intimacy, power, self-presentation, and self-sufficiency. People with social anxiety disorder constructed more emotion regulation strivings than did controls, but they did not differ across other themes. This research illustrates how studying personality at different levels of analysis (traits, strivings) can yield novel information for understanding anxiety disorders.

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McAuliffe, William H. B., Hannah Moshontz, Thomas G. McCauley, and Michael E. McCullough. "Searching for Prosociality in Qualitative Data: Comparing Manual, Closed–Vocabulary, and Open–Vocabulary Methods." European Journal of Personality 34, no. 5 (September 2020): 903–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2240.

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Although most people present themselves as possessing prosocial traits, people differ in the extent to which they actually act prosocially in everyday life. Qualitative data that were not ostensibly collected to measure prosociality might contain information about prosocial dispositions that is not distorted by self–presentation concerns. This paper seeks to characterise charitable donors from qualitative data. We compared a manual approach of extracting predictors from participants’ self–described personal strivings to two automated approaches: A summation of words predefined as prosocial and a support vector machine classifier. Although variables extracted by the support vector machine predicted donation behaviour well in the training sample ( N = 984), virtually, no variables from any method significantly predicted donations in a holdout sample ( N = 496). Raters’ attempts to predict donations to charity based on reading participants’ personal strivings were also unsuccessful. However, raters’ predictions were associated with past charitable involvement. In sum, predictors derived from personal strivings did not robustly explain variation in charitable behaviour, but personal strivings may nevertheless contain some information about trait prosociality. The sparseness of personal strivings data, rather than the irrelevance of open–ended text or individual differences in goal pursuit, likely explains their limited value in predicting prosocial behaviour. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

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4

Emmons, Robert A., and Dan P. McAdams. "Personal Strivings and Motive Dispositions: Exploring the Links." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 17, no. 6 (December 1991): 648–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167291176007.

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5

Simons, Jeffrey S., Michael S. Christopher, and Ann E. Mclaury. "Personal strivings, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems." Addictive Behaviors 29, no. 4 (June 2004): 773–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.006.

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6

Sorkin, Dara H., Karen S. Rook, Jutta Heckhausen, and John Billimek. "Predicting Changes in Older Adults' Interpersonal Control Strivings." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 69, no. 3 (October 2009): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ag.69.3.a.

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People vary in the importance they ascribe to, and efforts they invest in, maintaining positive relationships with others. Research has linked such variation in interpersonal control strivings to the quality of social exchanges experienced, but little work has examined the predictors of interpersonal control strivings. Given the importance of close relationships in later life, this study examined conditions that might precipitate increases or declines in interpersonal control strivings over a 2-year period. Specifically, change in interpersonal control strivings was hypothesized to be particularly influenced by the interplay of two co-occurring conditions: 1) experiences in the social environment that bolster or undermine older adults' motivation to foster satisfying social ties and 2) the availability of personal resources to respond to these experiences. The findings suggest that a change in older adults' interpersonal control strivings over a 2-year period was affected jointly by the frequency with which they experienced positive social exchanges and their health status. Features of the social environment, therefore, may interact with personal resources to influence interpersonal control strivings in later life.

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7

Pauwlik, Zsuzsa, and Ferenc Margitics. "Correlation between subjective well-being and the personal strivings." Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 9, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mental.9.2008.1.1.

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8

Simons, Jeffrey S., and Kate B. Carey. "Personal strivings and marijuana use initiation, frequency, and problems." Addictive Behaviors 28, no. 7 (September 2003): 1311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4603(02)00247-2.

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9

Emmons, Robert A. "Personal strivings: An approach to personality and subjective well-being." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51, no. 5 (1986): 1058–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.1058.

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10

Gallagher, Jennifer A., M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall, Tamara L. Anderson, and Kerris L. M. Del Rosario. "A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Christian Working Mothers' Personal Strivings." Journal of Psychology and Theology 41, no. 1 (March 2013): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164711304100104.

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11

Simons, Jeffrey S., Michael S. Christopher, Matthew N. I. Oliver, and Emily J. Stanage. "A content analysis of personal strivings: Associations with substance use." Addictive Behaviors 31, no. 7 (July 2006): 1224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.09.012.

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12

Fournier, Marc A., Mengxi Dong, Matthew N. Quitasol, Nic M. Weststrate, and Stefano I. Di Domenico. "The Signs and Significance of Personality Coherence in Personal Stories and Strivings." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44, no. 8 (April 9, 2018): 1228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167218764659.

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The concept of personality coherence refers to the extent of psychological unity and wholeness embodied within each individual. In the present research, we examined the extent to which the narrative, functional, and organismic conceptualizations of personality coherence interrelate, as well as their associations with psychological abilities and personal adjustment. College students ( N = 391) narrated accounts of three personal memories; listed five personal strivings that they subsequently compared and evaluated; completed performance measures of their intelligence, wisdom, and creativity; and rated their hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Individuals who coherently organized their autobiographical memories were protected against feeling pressured or compelled in their personal strivings and against being steered toward need-detracting futures. Narrative indicators of coherence were otherwise independent of the functional and organismic indicators, although all indicators of personality coherence correlated with personal adjustment. Wisdom and creativity predicted narrative coherence, which partially mediated the associations they demonstrated with eudaimonic well-being.

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13

Weiner, Bernard. "Integrating Social and Personal Theories of Achievement Striving." Review of Educational Research 64, no. 4 (December 1994): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00346543064004557.

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Empirical research clearly documents that attributions of failure to lack of ability result in less punishment from others than do ascriptions to lack of effort. In addition, personal attributions of failure to lack of ability result in worse subsequent performance than do ascriptions to an absence of effort. This paper provides a conceptual analysis of these empirical findings. The interpretation is guided by a taxonomy of causal thinking and by presuming that emotions mediate between causal thinking and action. In addition, a distinction is drawn between a process versus a functional understanding of achievement strivings.

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14

Jang, Hyungshim. "What Personal Strivings Tells Us about Achievement Goals and Intrinsic Motivation?" Asia-pacific Journal of Psychology and Counseling 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/apjpc.2018.2.2.17.

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15

Spangler, William D., and Rita Palrecha. "The relative contributions of extraversion, neuroticism, and personal strivings to happiness." Personality and Individual Differences 37, no. 6 (October 2004): 1193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.12.002.

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16

Low, Rachel S. T., Nickola C. Overall, Matthew D. Hammond, and Yuthika U. Girme. "Emotional suppression during personal goal pursuit impedes goal strivings and achievement." Emotion 17, no. 2 (2017): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/emo0000218.

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17

Emmons, Robert A. "Personal Strivings, Daily Life Events, and Psychological and Physical Well-Being." Journal of Personality 59, no. 3 (September 1991): 453–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00256.x.

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18

Diener, Ed, and Frank Fujita. "Resources, personal strivings, and subjective well-being: A nomothetic and idiographic approach." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 68, no. 5 (1995): 926–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.68.5.926.

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19

Lizmore, Michael R., John G. H. Dunn, and Janice Causgrove Dunn. "Perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, and reactions to poor personal performances among intercollegiate athletes." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 33 (November 2017): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.07.010.

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20

Sheldon, Kennon M., and Tim Kasser. "Getting older, getting better? Personal strivings and psychological maturity across the life span." Developmental Psychology 37, no. 4 (2001): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.4.491.

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21

Moffitt, Kathie Halbach, and Jefferson A. Singer. "Continulty in the Life Story: Self-Defining Memories, Affect, and Approach/Avoidance Personal Strivings." Journal of Personality 62, no. 1 (March 1994): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1994.tb00793.x.

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22

Emmons, Robert A., and Laura A. King. "Conflict among personal strivings: Immediate and long-term implications for psychological and physical well-being." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54, no. 6 (1988): 1040–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1040.

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23

Sutin, Angelina R., and Richard W. Robins. "Going Forward by Drawing From the Past: Personal Strivings, Personally Meaningful Memories, and Personality Traits." Journal of Personality 76, no. 3 (June 2008): 631–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00499.x.

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24

Siwek, Zuzanna, Anna Oleszkowicz, and Aleksandra Słowińska. "Values Realized in Personal Strivings and Motivation, and Meaning in Life in Polish University Students." Journal of Happiness Studies 18, no. 2 (April 12, 2016): 549–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10902-016-9737-x.

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25

Smith, Martin M., Simon B. Sherry, Vanja Vidovic, Donald H. Saklofske, Joachim Stoeber, and Aryn Benoit. "Perfectionism and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: A Meta-Analytic Review." Personality and Social Psychology Review 23, no. 4 (January 6, 2019): 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088868318814973.

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Over 25 years of research suggests an important link between perfectionism and personality traits included in the five-factor model (FFM). However, inconsistent findings, underpowered studies, and a plethora of perfectionism scales have obscured understanding of how perfectionism fits within the FFM. We addressed these limitations by conducting the first meta-analytic review of the relationships between perfectionism dimensions and FFM traits ( k = 77, N = 24,789). Meta-analysis with random effects revealed perfectionistic concerns (socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, and discrepancy) were characterized by neuroticism ([Formula: see text] = .50), low agreeableness ([Formula: see text] = −.26), and low extraversion ([Formula: see text] = −.24); perfectionistic strivings (self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, and high standards) were characterized by conscientiousness ([Formula: see text] = .44). Additionally, several perfectionism–FFM relationships were moderated by gender, age, and the perfectionism subscale used. Findings complement theory suggesting that perfectionism has neurotic and non-neurotic dimensions. Results also underscore that the (mal)adaptiveness of perfectionistic strivings hinges on instrumentation.

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26

Gaeddert, William P., and Jeffrey D. Facteau. "The effects of gender and achievement domain on two cognitive indices of strivings in personal accomplishments." Journal of Research in Personality 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 522–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(90)90037-7.

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27

Shane, Jacob, Jutta Heckhausen, Jared Lessard, Chuansheng Chen, and Ellen Greenberger. "Career-related goal pursuit among post-high school youth: Relations between personal control beliefs and control strivings." Motivation and Emotion 36, no. 2 (October 2, 2011): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11031-011-9245-6.

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28

Mallett, Clifford J., and Tristan J. Coulter. "The Anatomy of a Successful Olympic Coach: Actor, Agent, and Author." International Sport Coaching Journal 3, no. 2 (May 2016): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2015-0069.

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Little in-depth knowledge is known about the person behind successful coaching. Therefore, the current study was designed to comprehensively examine the personality of a successful Olympic coach. Using McAdams’ whole-person framework, we sought to elicit a coherent description of this coach’s personality by integrating data drawn from three layers of personality: (i) dispositional traits, (ii) personal strivings, and (iii) narrative identity. The findings suggest that, compared with the norm, the participant coach is emotionally stable, agreeable, conscientious, and open to new experiences. His achievement and power strivings shape his motivational agenda as a coach. His narrative identity identifies many redemptive sequences that speak of a coach who is seeking to redeem his failures as an athlete, to feel special, and who invests himself wholeheartedly into developing others to help fulfill their potential. Overall, the study, incorporating McAdams’ personality framework, provided a deep understanding of the person as a coach. We were able to garner insights about how this individual typically behaves, what guides and structures his coaching priorities, and how he has made sense of his life experiences that are fundamental to his investment in coaching and winning. Tentative implications for coaches and coach developers are presented.

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29

Demetrovics, Zsolt, and Gyöngyi Nagy. "Személyes törekvések és egészség." Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2001): 513–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mpszle.56.2001.4.2.

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A szerzők tanulmányukban röviden áttekintik a motivációs elméletek és a személyiségpszichológia korábbi főbb kapcsolódási pontjait, különös tekintettel azokra az irányzatokra, amelyek a modern kognitív-motivációs célszempontú elméletek előzményét jelentik. Ezen irányzat általános bemutatását követően röviden ismertetik KLINGER (1975 és 1987) aktuális célok (Current Concerns), PALYS és LITTLE (1983), valamint LITTLE (1993) személyes tervek (Personal Projects), valamint CANTOR és munkatársai (1987) életfeladatok (Life Tasks) megközelítését. Részletesen bemutatják és elemzik EMMONS (1986) személyes törekvésekre (Personal Strivings) vonatkozó elméletét.A szubjektív jólléttel kapcsolatos irányzatok és kutatási eredmények összefoglalását követően a szerzők elemzik LINVILLE (1985 és 1987) énkomplexitással kapcsolatos vizsgálatait, valamint bemutatják, hogy a célszempontú motivációs személyiségpszichológiai megközelítés miként járulhat hozzá a szubjektív jóllét, és ezzel kapcsolatosan a testi és lelki egészség vizsgálatához, milyen kapcsolat mutatható ki a személyes törekvések rendszerének jellemzői és az egészségesség között.

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30

Kaiser, David. "Bringing the human actors back on stage: the personal context of the Einstein–Bohr debate." British Journal for the History of Science 27, no. 2 (June 1994): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400031861.

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In concluding his ‘Autobiographical notes’, Albert Einstein explained that the purpose of his exposition was to ‘show the reader how the efforts of a life hang together and why they have led to expectations of a definite form’. Einstein's remarks tell of a coherence between personal ‘strivings and searchings’ and scientific activity, which has all but vanished in the midst of the current trend of social constructivism in history of science. As Nancy Nersessian recently pointed out, in the process of illuminating complex relationships between scientific activity and its social context, ‘socio-historical analysis has “black-boxed” the individual scientist’. Has the pendulum swung too far? In reaction to the preceding great-man hagiographie approach to the history of science, the social constructivists have largely ‘thrown the baby out with the bathwater’; consideration of individual scientists' personal approaches to science was unnecessarily expunged with the removal of ‘genius’ as an explanatory tool.

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31

Mofield, Emily L., and Megan Parker Peters. "Mindset Misconception? Comparing Mindsets, Perfectionism, and Attitudes of Achievement in Gifted, Advanced, and Typical Students." Gifted Child Quarterly 62, no. 4 (March 20, 2018): 327–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016986218758440.

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The study compared mindset beliefs, perfectionism, and achievement attitudes among gifted, advanced, and typical students in Grades 6 to 8 ( N = 416) and explored the relationship between these variables. Welch’s F tests revealed no statistically significant difference in growth or fixed mindset beliefs about intelligence among groups. Gifted and advanced students scored higher on Personal Standards (gifted, d = 0.68; advanced, d = 0.62) and Academic Self-Perception (gifted, d = 0.72; advanced, d = 0.58) compared with typical students. In hierarchical regression models, giftedness was a statistically significant predictor for Concern over Mistakes (β = 0.20) and Personal Standards (β = 0.27); both gifted (β = 0.31) and advanced (β = 0.17) status were statistically significant predictors for Academic Self-Perception. Various models showed a positive association between growth mindset and Positive Strivings Perfectionism and achievement attitudes and a positive association between fixed mindset and Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism. Findings suggest that gifted students are not more vulnerable to develop fixed mindsets.

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32

Stein, Catherine H., Lissa M. Mann, and Marcia G. Hunt. "Ever onward: The personal strivings of young adults coping with serious mental illness and the hopes of their parents." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 77, no. 1 (January 2007): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.77.1.104.

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33

Neal, Dan J., and Kate B. Carey. "Developing discrepancy within self-regulation theory: Use of personalized normative feedback and personal strivings with heavy-drinking college students." Addictive Behaviors 29, no. 2 (February 2004): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.08.004.

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34

Isaacowitz, Derek M., Alexandra M. Freund, Ulrich Mayr, Klaus Rothermund, and Philippe N. Tobler. "Age-Related Changes in the Role of Social Motivation: Implications for Healthy Aging." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 76, Supplement_2 (April 21, 2021): S115—S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab032.

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Abstract Prior research has established the importance of social relations and social embeddedness for motivation in healthy aging. Thus, social orientation appears to be essential for understanding healthy aging. This article focuses particularly on age-related changes in goals concerning social orientation, such as increased prioritization of emotional goals, increased prosociality/altruistic motives, generativity, and ego transcendence. We then consider open questions regarding gaps in the links between goals related to social orientation and healthy aging, as well as the implications of theories and research on social goals for leveraging motivation to promote healthy aging. In particular, interventions to promote healthy behavior in late life may be most effective when they match the themes of older adults’ strivings to find meaning and purpose in their personal goals.

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35

Wainwright, Michael. "On What Matters for African Americans: W. E. B. Du Bois’s “Double Consciousness” in the Light of Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons." Janus Head 15, no. 2 (2016): 109–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh201615229.

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In Reasons and Persons (1984), the greatest contribution to utilitarian philosophy since Henry Sidgwick’s The Methods of Ethics (1874), Derek Parfit supports his Reductionist contention “that personal identity is not what matters” by turning to the neurosurgical findings of Roger Wolcott Sperry. Parfit’s scientifically informed argument has important implications for W. E. B. Du Bois’s contentious hypothesis of African-American “double-consciousness,” which he initially advanced in “Strivings of the Negro People” (1897), before amending for inclusion in The Souls of Black Folk (1903). An analysis of “Of the Coming of John,” chapter 13 in The Souls of Black Folk, helps to trace these ramifications, resituating Du Bois’s notion from the pragmatist to the utilitarian tradition, and revealing how his concept effectively prefigured Parfit’s scientifically informed Reductionism.

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Taylor, Jessica J., Kimberly A. Papay, Jennifer B. Webb, and Charlie L. Reeve. "The good, the bad, and the interactive: Evaluative concerns perfectionism moderates the effect of personal strivings perfectionism on self-esteem." Personality and Individual Differences 95 (June 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.006.

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37

Mofield, Emily, and Megan Parker Peters. "Understanding Underachievement: Mindset, Perfectionism, and Achievement Attitudes Among Gifted Students." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 42, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162353219836737.

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The current study compared differences between mindset beliefs about intelligence (fixed vs. growth), dimensions of perfectionism (Concern Over Mistakes, Doubt of Action, Personal Standards, Organization), and achievement attitudes among gifted underachievers ( n = 15) and gifted achievers ( n = 169) in Grades 6 to 8 and examined the relationship between mindset beliefs and dimensions of perfectionism. Gifted underachievers had higher fixed mindset beliefs about intelligence ( d = .79), lower scores on Organization ( d = −1.01), and lower Self-Regulation/Motivation ( d = −1.17) when compared with gifted achievers. These factors also were statistically significant in logistic regression models predicting achievement status. In addition, for the entire sample of gifted students ( N = 264), fixed mindset beliefs predicted both dimensions of Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism (Concern Over Mistakes, β = .35, p < .0001; Doubt of Action, β = .28, p < .0001), while growth mindset beliefs predicted both dimensions of Positive Strivings Perfectionism (Personal Standards, β = .35, p < .0001, and Organization, β = .21, p = .001). Our findings provide a clearer picture of the relationships among underachievement, perfectionism, implicit theories of intelligence, and achievement attitudes, providing guidance for affective interventions.

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38

Prestele, Elisabeth, and Christine Altstötter-Gleich. "Testgüte einer deutschen Version des Mehrdimensionalen Perfektionismus Kognitions-Inventars (MPCI-G)." Diagnostica 65, no. 1 (January 2019): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000211.

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Zusammenfassung. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Entwicklung einer deutschsprachigen Version des Mehrdimensionalen Perfektionismus Kognitions-Inventars (MPCI-G [G = German]). In einer ersten Studie wurde die faktorielle Validität des MPCI-G überprüft. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse aus Studie 1 wurde der MPCI-G revidiert (MPCI-G-R). In Studie 2 wurden die Reliabilität, faktorielle und Konstruktvalidität des MPCI-G-R untersucht. Die Ergebnisse aus konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalysen, Korrelations- und multiplen Regressionsanalysen sprechen für die Reliabilität, faktorielle und Konstruktvalidität der 3 (korrelierten) Dimensionen perfektionistischer Kognitionen: Personal Standards (PSK), Concern over Mistakes (CMK) und Pursuit of Perfection Kognitionen (PPK). Unter anderem fanden sich differentielle Zusammenhänge der 3 Dimensionen mit dispositionellem Perfektionismus (Perfectionistic Strivings und Concerns), Affekt (schlechte Stimmung und Unruhe), Depressivität und der Zielsetzung für eine bevorstehende Prüfungsphase. Die reliable und valide multidimensionale Erfassung perfektionistischer Kognitionen, die zwischen eher positiven (PSK) und negativen Dimensionen (CMK und PPK) differenziert, stellt eine wertvolle Ergänzung zur Erforschung des dispositionellen Perfektionismus dar, welche das Verständnis dafür fördern kann, wie Dimensionen des dispositionellen Perfektionismus mit psychischem und physischem Wohlbefinden zusammenhängen.

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Illman, Ruth. "Embracing complexity: the post-secular pilgrimage of Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt." Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 22 (January 1, 2010): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67369.

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This article deals with the phenomenon of pilgrimage as a personal transformative process; an exploration of spiritual space rather than a journey undertaken to a physical place. The analysis focuses on the life story and authorship of the novelist and playwright Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt (b. 1960). Schmitt began his career as an academic philosopher specialised in enlightenment rationality. A mystical experience in the deserts of Sahara, however, opened his eyes to the spiritual dimensions of reality and encouraged him to redirect his professional strivings from academic writing to fiction. Today, Schmitt has reached a world-wide audience with his plays and novels on interreligious dialogue, especially the series of five short novellas called Le cycle d’Invisible. These narratives all deal with inter-religious encounters in a complex and compassionate way as Schmitt is particularly concerned with preserving the mystery of the situations he describes. The atheist conviction of his previous life has thus given way to an agnostic and mystically inspired world view focusing on diversity, divinity and inexplicability: “I am obsessed with complexity”, as he puts it himself. The presentation is based on ethnographic material, and key themes to be addressed include pilgrimage as a spiritual journey, interreligious encounters and mystical experiences.

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Coulter, Tristan J., Clifford J. Mallett, Jefferson A. Singer, and Cornelia Wrzus. "A Three–Domain Personality Analysis of A Mentally Tough Athlete." European Journal of Personality 32, no. 1 (January 2018): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2129.

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The current study adopted McAdams’ multilayer framework as the basis to develop a psychological portrait of an elite athlete who was identified as being particularly ‘mentally tough’. The aim was to use this single case as an exemplar to demonstrate the utility of McAdams’ framework for understanding the complexity of sport performers across three domains of personality: dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations, and narrative identity. We operationalised these domains through the development of specific research questions and, subsequently, the collection and integration of the participant's Big Five traits, personal strivings, coping strategies, and response to a life story interview. The results offered a comprehensive insight into the nature of one athlete's personality that, in turn, informed conceptual perspectives of mental toughness in sport psychology literature and qualitatively supported emerging evidence of the validity of a three–layer framework in personality psychology. Specifically, the study's design showed how a holistic approach to personality analysis can lead to a more complete psychological representation of competitors in sport, and people generally. It demonstrated how motivational, sociocultural, and meaning–making aspects of personality can complement a trait profile to achieving a satisfying assessment of the whole person. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology

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Chiaburu, Dan S., and Nichelle C. Carpenter. "Employees’ Motivation for Personal Initiative." Journal of Personnel Psychology 12, no. 2 (January 2013): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000089.

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As organizational contexts are increasingly dynamic, the extent to which employees take initiative to facilitate success has become more important. We examine how employee motivation to get ahead (status striving) and get along with others (communion striving) predicts their proactive work behaviors, in the form of personal initiative, over and above employee accomplishment striving. Data collected from 165 employees indicates status striving has a positive and communion striving has a negative relationship with employee personal initiative. More importantly, the interaction between status and communion striving shows increased employee initiative when both status and communion striving increase from low to high levels. Altogether, our results suggest that employees’ initiative is increased when they are motivated by both getting ahead of and getting along with others at work.

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Yankouskaya, Alla, and Jie Sui. "Self-Positivity or Self-Negativity as a Function of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex." Brain Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020264.

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Self and emotions are key motivational factors of a person strivings for health and well-being. Understanding neural mechanisms supporting the relationship between these factors bear far-reaching implications for mental health disorders. Recent work indicates a substantial overlap between self-relevant and emotion information processing and has proposed the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) as one shared neural signature. However, the precise cognitive and neural mechanisms represented by the MPFC in investigations of self- and emotion-related processing are largely unknown. Here we examined whether the neural underpinnings of self-related processing in the MPFC link to positive or negative emotions. We collected fMRI data to test the distinct and shared neural circuits of self- and emotion-related processing while participants performed personal (self, friend, or stranger) and emotion (happy, sad, or neutral) associative matching tasks. By exploiting tight control over the factors that determine the effects of self-relevance and emotions (positive: Happy vs. neutral; negative: Sad vs. neutral), our univariate analysis revealed that the ventral part of the MPFC (vmPFC), which has established involvement in self-prioritisation effects, was not recruited in the negative emotion prioritisation effect. In contrast, there were no differences in brain activity between the effects of positive emotion- and self-prioritisation. These results were replicated by both region of interest (ROI)-based analysis in the vmPFC and the seed- to voxel functional connectivity analysis between the MPFC and the rest of the brain. The results suggest that the prioritisation effects for self and positive emotions are tightly linked together, and the MPFC plays a large role in discriminating between positive and negative emotions in relation to self-relevance.

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Emmons, Robert A., and Laura A. King. "Personal striving differentiation and affective reactivity." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56, no. 3 (1989): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.3.478.

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Meyer, John R. "Striving for Personal Sanctity through Work." Thomist: A Speculative Quarterly Review 61, no. 1 (1997): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tho.1997.0047.

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Emmons, Robert A. "Striving for the Sacred: Personal Goals, Life Meaning, and Religion." Journal of Social Issues 61, no. 4 (December 2005): 731–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2005.00429.x.

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Ward, Clay H., and Richard M. Eisler. "Type A achievement striving and failure to achieve personal goals." Cognitive Therapy and Research 11, no. 4 (August 1987): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01175356.

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Moten, Abdul Rashid. "Striving for Islamic governance." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 68–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v32i2.267.

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Muslim-majority countries are striving with some success to reshape their governance models along Islamic lines. Some countries have opted for implementing the Shari‘ah, whereas others have focused on applying personal status laws. This study analyzes the attempts made by specific leaders in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the secular Republic of Turkey, and multi-ethnic Malaysia to improve their governance models in the areas of human, economic, and social development. As these countries adopted different strategies, the resultant models of Islamic governance are due largely to the contexts and features of their respective societies. Unlike Pakistan’s authoritarian top-down approach, Turkey and Malaysia largely embraced democratic principles, operated a new hybrid economic model that combined the characteristics of Islamic and capitalist market systems, and worked closely with the West. Many consider these two models, although “partial” in their approach, to be examples of open and democratic Islamic governance that are relatively appreciated by the West. Keywords

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Stone, Valerie. "The Striving Personality: A study of compulsion neurosis [A personal viewpoint]." Counselling Psychology Quarterly 1, no. 2-3 (April 1988): 235–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515078808254205.

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van Dijke, Marius, and Matthijs Poppe. "Striving for personal power as a basis for social power dynamics." European Journal of Social Psychology 36, no. 4 (2006): 537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.351.

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Moulinou, Iphigenia. "Striving to make the difference." Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 2, no. 1 (July 21, 2014): 74–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlac.2.1.03mou.

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The present paper discusses issues of language aggression, conflict and identity, and of emotional communication and conflict. In particular, it explores different positionings of deviant identity as projected by a number of juvenile delinquents through the display of moral indignation (Ochs et al. 1989; Günthner 1995), at moments of crisis and conflictual relationships between them. Moral indignation is expressed through the co-occurrence of a number of linguistic and discursive devices, such as hypothetical examples and personal analogies (Günthner 1995; Kakavá 2002), prosodic features, implicit or explicit moral judgments (Günthner 1995), or non-literal threats. These devices are employed in interaction in order to construct opposing moral versions of identities. The paper argues for a tight interweaving between moral indignation, affect, identity indexing, and moral positioning. It further argues that displays of indignation are powerful interactional devices of conflict management and control of the moral and social order and of social relationships.

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