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Journal articles on the topic 'Personalized medicine or patient specific medication'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Tapas Kumar Mohapatra, Bhabani Sankar Satapathy, Dillip Kumar Mahapatra, and S.N. Das. "The Next Generation of Personalized Medicine: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (2025): 01–07. https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst2512240.

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The pharmaceutical sector is nevertheless confronted with formidable obstacles. These days Drug research and the advancement of healthcare systems are two areas in which personalized medicine is significantly contributing. Personalized medicine, also known as precision medicine. The basic principle of personalized medicine is that the appropriate drug should be administered to the appropriate patient at the appropriate time for the appropriate period of time. The approach depends on gathering clinical, genetic, and epigenomic data that improves our comprehension of how an individual's distinct

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Shambour, Qusai, Mahran Al-Zyoud, Ahmad Abu-Shareha, and Mosleh Abualhaj. "Medicine Recommender System Based on Semantic and Multi-Criteria Filtering." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 18 (2023): 435–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5172.

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Aim/Purpose: This study aims to devise a personalized solution for online healthcare platforms that can alleviate problems arising from information overload and data sparsity by providing personalized healthcare services to patients. The primary focus of this paper is to develop an effective medicine recommendation approach for recommending suitable medications to patients based on their specific medical conditions. Background: With a growing number of people becoming more conscious about their health, there has been a notable increase in the use of online healthcare platforms and e-services a

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Chaffey, Ben, and Angela Silmon. "Biomarkers in personalized medicine: discovery and delivery." Biochemist 38, no. 1 (2016): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03801043.

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The rapidly developing field of personalized or precision medicine is moving clinical practice towards a new paradigm centred on ‘right patient – right medication – right time'. Such information is obtained through analysis of biomarkers, usually specific proteins or DNA sequences. To expand the range of conditions in which a precision approach can be used, it is vital that new biomarkers continue to be discovered and qualified as having clinical utility. Once this is achieved, it is just as important that clinically validated assays to measure these biomarkers are made available to clinical g

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Akshay, Sonaji Bhambre, Bhimrao Giri Ashok, Ashok Mundhe Swapnil, and Bharat Mahadik Arjun. "Precision and personalized medicine: new way for cancer management." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 18, no. 3 (2022): 046–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392529.

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Precision and personalized medicine (PPM) introduce to the tailoring of medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient. Cancer is one amongst the leading causes of death in India. Maximum chemotherapeutic agents are used for cancer patients, but lack of long-time effectiveness and severe side effects from these agents, to improve therapeutic outcome to developed new tool called PPM as follow. Better understanding of pharmacogenomics has been help to developed and the potential for customizing health care for cancers patients. Recently, PPM has mainly involved the systemati

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Golubev, A. M. "Personalized Critical Care Medicine (Review)." General Reanimatology 18, no. 4 (2022): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2022-4-45-54.

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Personalized medicine (PM) is a major trend in health care development in the 21st century. This area includes studying risk factors for disease development (prediction), interventions for preventing diseases (prophylaxis), individualization of diagnosis and treatment (personalization), informing the patient on disease prevention and treatment (participation). In the recent years, an intense research to introduce the personalized medicine principles into the management of critically ill patients, has been under way. This includes identification of patient groups based on genomic research, deve

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Akshay Sonaji Bhambre, Ashok Bhimrao Giri, Swapnil Ashok Mundhe, and Arjun Bharat Mahadik. "Precision and personalized medicine: new way for cancer management." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 18, no. 3 (2022): 046–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.18.3.0042.

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Precision and personalized medicine (PPM) introduce to the tailoring of medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient. Cancer is one amongst the leading causes of death in India. Maximum chemotherapeutic agents are used for cancer patients, but lack of long-time effectiveness and severe side effects from these agents, to improve therapeutic outcome to developed new tool called PPM as follow. Better understanding of pharmacogenomics has been help to developed and the potential for customizing health care for cancers patients. Recently, PPM has mainly involved the systemati

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Swapnil, D. Aade Zameer M. Shah Dr. Shivshankar D. Mhaske Tejas J. Sharma. "Personalized Medicine Approaches in the Treatment Of Mental Health Disorder." International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 12 (2024): 2792–802. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14541705.

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Personalized medicine, a rapidly evolving approach in healthcare, offers a promising avenue for treating anxiety disorders by tailoring therapeutic interventions to individual patients based on their unique genetic, biological, and environmental profiles. Anxiety disorders are highly heterogeneous, involving complex interactions between genetic predispositions, neurobiological factors, and environmental influences. Traditional treatments, such as pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), often result in variable outcomes due to this complexity. Personalized medicine seeks to addr

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Rajpoot, Rimjhim, Jitendra Singh Chaudhary, Vivek Tomar, and Meghna Shimpi. "Advancing Glaucoma Therapy by Exploring the Efficacy and Potential of Brimonidine Niosomal Gel." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 15, no. 03 (2024): 1796–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.15.3.106.

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Glaucoma is a leading cause of permanent vision loss worldwide and is characterised by progressive optic neuropathy with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) as a major risk factor. Although successful, the current therapeutic strategies are often severely limited by their need for chronic dosing, systemic side effects and poor patient compliance. Brimonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist which acts selectively, has been beneficial through its IOP-lowering effects by diminishing aqueous humor production and improving uveoscleral outflow. A novel medication delivery technology to enhan

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Gkouvas, N. "Precision Medicine & Pharmacogenomics: Personalized Medication in Neuropsychiatric Disorders using AI and telepsychiatry." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1745.

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Introduction The term “personalised therapy” refers to the use of genetic data to better treat or determine the predisposition to a specific genetic disease, with the ultimate goal of improving quality of life. Telepsychiatry and AI are key to support it.. Objectives Determine benefits of pharmacogenomic analysis (PGx) in CNS diseases regarding: - cost effectiveness - adverse drug reactions - reduced hospitalizations -drug interactions - efficacy - quality of life - “trial and error” approach avoidance Methods Questionnaires before and after the treatment provided using PGX tests Telepsychiatr

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Murthy, Rupa. ""Personalized Medicine" : An Innovative Concept." International Journal of Health and Medicine 3, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijhm.2018.3.1.01.

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"Personalized Medicine" is about empowering patients to have access to their health information at all times.[1] Empowering implies patient participation through the ongoing process of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.[1] More importantly, "Personalized Medicine" is about having insights into one's health by being able to visualize, recognize, and take timely corrective action when necessary.[1] As important time may be wasted when looking for information during emergencies resulting in delays and potential medical errors, "Personalized Medicine" offers a way for medical and emergency

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Sekaran, Shamala Devi, Rishya Manikam, Gaythri Thergerajan, Haymond Prasad, Munandy Alagar, and Chung Keat Tan. "The role of personalized precision medicine in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes." Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences 4, no. 2 (2025): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_105_24.

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Personalized precision medicine is a unique approach that tailors treatment and prevention strategies according to an individual’s specific needs. This individualized approach has revolutionized the management of conditions such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, and inherited diseases and has emerged from our understanding of normal and diseased states, leading to the development of new biomedical assays for more precise disease classification and diagnosis. Furthermore, this approach identifies individuals at risk for developing a disease, thereby allowing personalized treatment. These strate

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Kennedy, Mary Jayne, Hanna Phan, Sandra Benavides, Amy Potts, and Susan Sorensen. "The Role of the Pediatric Pharmacist in Personalized Medicine and Clinical Pharmacogenomics for Children." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16, no. 2 (2011): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-16.2.118.

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ABSTRACT With the initiatives by the National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration, pharmacogenomics has now moved from the laboratory to the patient bedside. Over 100 drug-products now contain pharmacogenomic information as part of their labeling. Many of these are commonly used in the pediatric population. Direct-to-consumer genetic test kits also require intervention and guidance from healthcare professionals. This increased trend towards personalized medicine mandates that healthcare professionals develop a working knowledge about pharmacogenomics and its application t

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Huang, Xiaoyan, Miaohui Wu, Lunpan Mou, Yaping Zhang, and Jianjia Jiang. "Gitelman syndrome combined with diabetes mellitus: A case report and literature review." Medicine 102, no. 50 (2023): e36663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036663.

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Rationale: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an uncommon autosomal recessive tubulopathy resulting from a functional deletion mutation in the SLC12A3 gene. Its onset is typically insidious and challenging to discern, and it is characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and reduced urinary calcium excretion. There is limited literature on the diagnosis and management of GS in individuals with concomitant diabetes. Patient concerns: A 36-year-old male patient with a longstanding history of diabetes exhibited suboptimal glycemic control. Additionally, he presented with concurrent findings of hypo

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Patil, A. A., Vaishali Niranjane, S. B. Dhadde, Anil Kumar, Santosh Borde, and Pankaj Chandre. "Predictive analytics for patient adherence : A machine learning approach in medication management." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 27, no. 2 (2024): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jsms-1251.

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In this paper, we investigate the use of predictive analytics and machine learning to improve patients’ adherence to prescribed medications. By analyzing past patient data, we are able to create a model that may foresee adherence behaviors based on characteristics like age, gender, health status, and income. In order to analyze and identify major drivers of non-adherence and enable personalized therapies, our method incorporates cutting-edge machine learning techniques. The methodology takes into account each individual’s situation while making suggestions, leading to a more proactive and spec

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Geneva Tamunobarafiri Igwama, Ejike Innocent Nwankwo, Ebube Victor Emeihe, and Mojeed Dayo Ajegbile. "The role of AI in optimizing drug dosage and reducing medication errors." International Journal of Biology and Pharmacy Research Updates 4, no. 1 (2024): 018–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijbpru.2024.4.1.0027.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare by optimizing drug dosage and minimizing medication errors, significantly enhancing patient safety and treatment efficacy. AI algorithms, particularly those utilizing machine learning and deep learning, analyze vast amounts of patient data, including genetic information, medical history, and real-time health metrics, to determine the most effective drug dosages tailored to individual patients. One of the critical areas where AI excels is in precision medicine. AI-driven systems can process complex datasets to predict how different patient

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Xiao, Jian, Mengyao Li, Ruwen Cai, et al. "Smart Pharmaceutical Monitoring System With Personalized Medication Schedules and Self-Management Programs for Patients With Diabetes: Development and Evaluation Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 27 (February 11, 2025): e56737. https://doi.org/10.2196/56737.

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Background With the climbing incidence of type 2 diabetes, the health care system is under pressure to manage patients with this condition properly. Particularly, pharmacological therapy constitutes the most fundamental means of controlling blood glucose levels and preventing the progression of complications. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by factors such as treatment complexity, polypharmacy, and poor patient adherence. As new technologies, artificial intelligence and digital technologies are covering all aspects of the medical and health care field, but their application and ev

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Jr. MD, Asunciano Arce L. Lomanta, and Mary Rachelle R. Wapaño. "Exploring the Role of Patient Characteristics in Diabetic Medication Prescriptions: A Comprehensive Analysis." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation X, no. XI (2023): 644–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2023.1011055.

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In recent times, the management of diabetes has seen an expansion in the range of available medications, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of prevailing prescription patterns and their correlation with specific patient demographics. The primary objective of this research was to examine the prevalent medication regimens for diabetic patients and discern potential variations based on factors such as age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Upon analysis of an extensive dataset, findings indicated that Metformin was the predominant medication choice, being prescribed to 76.5% of the diab

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Sai Krishna B and Parimala Vudikala. "Innovations in Three-Dimensional Printing for Personalized Drug Delivery Systems." Journal of Pharma Insights and Research 3, no. 1 (2025): 269–78. https://doi.org/10.69613/pd300p92.

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing represents a transformative approach in pharmaceutical manufacturing, offering unprecedented possibilities in drug delivery system development. The technology enables precise control over dosage forms, complex geometries, and personalized medication production. Various 3D printing methodologies, including Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Inkjet Printing, have demonstrated significant potential in pharmaceutical applications. The FDA approval of Spritam®, the first 3D-printed medication, marked a pivot

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Dash, Biswajit, Murshidha Shireen, Mr Pushpendra, et al. "A Comprehensive Review: Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Customizing Drug Therapy Based on Individual Genetics Profiles." Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 40 (2024): e20240011. http://dx.doi.org/10.62958/j.cjap.2024.011.

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Numerous factors, such as genetics, environmental factors, and illness determinants, might contribute to an unpleasant pharmaceutical response. In an effort to increase efficacy and safety, as well as to gain a better understanding of drug disposition and clinical consequences, researchers in the two quickly emerging fields of pharmacogenetics (which focuses on single genes) and pharmacogenomics (which focuses on many genes) have studied the genetic personalization of drug response. This is due to the fact that a large number of pharmacological responses seem to be genetically based, and the r

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Anurag, Kumar Kannaujiya, Swarup J. Chattarjee Dr., and Dubey Anshika. "Role of 3D Printing in Pharmacy." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 9, no. 12 (2024): 390–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14525326.

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The role of 3D printing has started to play in pharmacy, and this represents transformative innovation that holds promising potential for the customization and enhancement of pharmaceutical products. The technology allows the creation of drug delivery systems, personal medications, and dosage forms tailored toward individual patient needs. It allows 3D printing complex drug structures: combinations of drugs, control release formulations, and even patient-specific shapes and sizes using CAD and additive manufacturing techniques. This allows more accurate dosing, enhances compliance of the patie

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Rajput, Dharmendra Singh, Naveen Gupta, Shubham Singh, and Bhawna Sharma. "A Comprehensive Review: Personalized Medicine for Rare Disease Cancer Treatment." Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 39 (2023): e20230008. http://dx.doi.org/10.62958/j.cjap.2023.008.

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In the United States, cancer is one of the major causes of death. In 2010 alone, over 1.5 million fresh instances were recorded and over 0.5 billion died. After the completion of human genome sequence, significant progress in characterizing human epigenomes, proteomes and metabolomes has been made; a stronger knowledge of pharmacogenomics has been established and the capacity for individual personalization of health care has grown considerably. Personalized medicine has recently been primarily used to systematically select or optimize the prevention and therapeutic care of the patient through

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Bernatoniene, Jurga, Jolita Stabrauskiene, Jurga Andreja Kazlauskaite, Urte Bernatonyte, and Dalia Marija Kopustinskiene. "The Future of Medicine: How 3D Printing Is Transforming Pharmaceuticals." Pharmaceutics 17, no. 3 (2025): 390. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17030390.

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Three-dimensional printing technology is transforming pharmaceutical manufacturing by shifting from conventional mass production to additive manufacturing, with a strong emphasis on personalized medicine. The integration of bioinks and AI-driven optimization is further enhancing this innovation, enabling drug production with precise dosages, tailored drug-release profiles, and unique multi-drug combinations that respond to individual patient needs. This advancement is significantly impacting healthcare by accelerating drug development, encouraging innovative pharmaceutical designs, and enhanci

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Guru, Raghavendra Gogineni1 Bhargavi Gogineni2. "Pharmacogenomics: Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine and Transforming the Future of Pharmacy." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 11 (2024): 425–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14055404.

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Correlating drug therapy with genetics is what pharmacogenomics, as much as fledging branch of pharmacology as it is of genomics, is newer to the art of medicine. Such methodology makes interventions better and safer in the sense that genetic differences which determine efficacy or toxicity of a drug as well as how the drug is processed by the body, are factored in. Embedding pharmacogenomics is consideration in clinical practice is this: to maximize efficacy of drugs, reduce negative effects and improve the results on the patient. The behavioural changes in the healthcare system will integrat

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Muhammad Saleh Faisal. "PHARMACOGENOMICS: FRONTIER OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE AND THE ROADBLOCKS AHEAD." NORTHWEST JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 4, no. 1 (2025): 2. https://doi.org/10.69723/njms.04.01.0554.

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Inter-individual variability in drug response is common and expected to become a more pressing issue globally due to the increasing elderly population needing treatment. This variability can be attributed to genomic factors, which are studied under the field of pharmacogenomics. Gone are the days of “one-size-fits-all” approach to medicine.1 Pharmacogenomics is revolutionizing personalized medicine by tailoring treatments based on individual genetic profiles. Genetic profiling involves analyzing whether a patient is going to respond to a particular medication or not based on their genetic info

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Shubhangi, Gaikwad* Ganesh Basarkar. "3D Printing in Medicine: Technologies, Materials, Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 1553–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15380932.

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3D printing manufacturing, is rapidly transforming the landscape of modern medicine and pharmaceutical sciences facilitating the design and creation of customized, patient-specific solutions. This review systematically explores the major 3D printing technologies-fused deposition modelling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), and inkjet printing, particularly targeting their mechanisms, advantages, and drawback in medical applications. Emphasis is placed on pharmaceutical-grade substances including thermoplastics, polymeric gel like hydrogels, biodegradable polymers,

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Eunice Olowomeye. "Advancing chronic disease management through personalized telemedicine interventions in urban internal medicine settings." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 27, no. 1 (2025): 462–81. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.1.2556.

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Chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with urban populations experiencing disproportionate burdens due to lifestyle risk factors, environmental stressors, and healthcare access disparities. Traditional models of chronic disease management, characterized by episodic in-person visits and standardized treatment regimens, often fail to address individual variability in disease progression, comorbidities, and patient behavior. Telemedicine has emerged as a transformative modality in healthcare delive

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MK, Saurabh. "Understanding Precision Medicine and its applications." Advances in Pharmacology & Clinical Trials 9, no. 3 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/apct-16000246.

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Precision medicine is a transformative approach to disease treatment and prevention that leverages individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. It allows clinicians and researchers to make more precise predictions about the efficacy of specific treatments, improving patient outcomes. This method is similar to personalized matching in blood transfusions and other case, diabetic patients with similar glucose levels might receive different medications based on their genetic makeup and lifestyle. Despite its promise, precision medicine is not yet fully integrated into standard healthc

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Ashiq, Kanwal, Sana Ashiq, and Nosheen Mustafa. "Pharmacogenomics and the Concept of Personalized Medicine for the Management of Hypertension." Pakistan Heart Journal 56, no. 2 (2023): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47144/phj.v56i2.2553.

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Hypertension poses a significant global burden due to low adherence to antihypertensive medications. Hypertension treatment aims to bring blood pressure within physiological ranges and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and organ damage associated with high blood pressure. It is estimated that around 1.13 billion people have hypertension, accounting for 13% of all fatalities worldwide. The World Health Organization aims to reduce this number by 25% by 2025 compared to the baseline year of 2010.1,2 Despite the availability of effective antihypertensive medications and decreased main risk

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Kim, Seoyoung, and Euitae Kim. "Current advances in pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 67, no. 2 (2024): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2024.67.2.96.

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Background: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and cognitive deficits, often leading to functional decline. Pharmacotherapy has long played a central role in schizophrenia management with our evolving understanding shaping the treatment.Current Concepts: Antipsychotic agents are the mainstay of the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Although second-generation antipsychotics (atypical) reduce extrapyramidal side effects, they give rise to metabolic concerns. Personalized treatment, guided by the response and side effects of the p

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Georgieva, Nikol, Viktor Tenev, Maria Kamusheva, and Guenka Petrova. "Diabetes Mellitus—Digital Solutions to Improve Medication Adherence: Scoping Review." Diabetology 4, no. 4 (2023): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040040.

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Medication adherence (MA) is a major problem. On average 50% of chronic disease management medications are not taken as prescribed While digital healthcare tools like mobile apps offer benefits such as informative messages and prescription management, they must be personalized and offer support across all medication phases to effectively address individual patient factors and optimize adherence, with room for further improvements. This scoping review examined the impact of digital health technologies on MA in adults with diabetes as well as their benefits and barriers. Using PubMed and Scopus

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Saleem Asghar, Muhammad Kashif Shahzad Virk, Bushra Taskeen, Maham Fatima, Hasnain, and Abali Wandala. "The role of pharmacogenomics in Advancing Personalised Medicine: Implications for Drug Efficacy Safety and clinical practice Integration." Indus Journal of Bioscience Research 3, no. 5 (2025): 637–45. https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i5.1407.

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This study explores the role of pharmacogenomics in advancing personalized medicine, with a focus on improving drug efficacy, minimizing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and integrating genomic data into clinical decision-making. As personalized medicine continues to evolve, pharmacogenomics offers a transformative approach by tailoring drug therapy based on individual genetic profiles. The study employed a quantitative, experimental research design, targeting 159 clinical pharmacologists and medical practitioners from Punjab, Pakistan. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and

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Shah, Jay, and Manisha Gajendragadkar. "TRANSFORMING HOMOEOPATHIC PRACTICE: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS ON PATIENT OUTCOMES AND CLINICAL EFFICIENCY." IPE Journal of Management 14, no. 29 (2024): 178–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034443.

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AbstractBackgroundThe integration of Electronic Health Records (EHR) in homoeopathic practice has the potential toimprove patient care, operational efficiency, and treatment outcomes. Despite widespread adoption inconventional medicine, EHR utilization in homoeopathy remains underexplored.ObjectiveThis study evaluates the impact of EHR implementation on operational and clinical metrics in ahomoeopathic clinical setting, focusing on parameters such as appointment wait times, patientsatisfaction, medication adherence, treatment success rates, and recovery times.MethodsA retrospective observation

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Vasavya, N., Swapnil Saurav, Rupali Das, Yogesh D Akhare, Jhansi Rani Ganapa, and Avinash Kumar. "Deep Reinforcement Learning for Personalized Treatment Planning: Integrating AI into Clinical Decision-Making." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 14, no. 4S (2025): 1248–57. https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.1940.

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Personalized treatment planning is a critical challenge in clinical decision-making, where traditional heuristic-based approaches often fail to optimize patient-specific outcomes. This study explores the application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to automate and enhance treatment recommendations, dynamically adapting medication dosages based on individual patient profiles. We developed a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)-based DRL model, trained on 10,000 patient records, and benchmarked it against traditional heuristic methods and supervised machine learning (ML) models (e.g., XGBoost)

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Wang, Feifei, Yafan Han, Wanyue Sang, et al. "In Vitro Drug Screening Using iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes of a Long QT-Syndrome Patient Carrying KCNQ1 & TRPM4 Dual Mutation: An Experimental Personalized Treatment." Cells 11, no. 16 (2022): 2495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11162495.

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Congenital long QT syndrome is a type of inherited cardiovascular disorder characterized by prolonged QT interval. Patient often suffer from syncopal episodes, electrocardiographic abnormalities and life-threatening arrhythmia. Given the complexity of the root cause of the disease, a combination of clinical diagnosis and drug screening using patient-derived cardiomyocytes represents a more effective way to identify potential cures. We identified a long QT syndrome patient carrying a heterozygous KCNQ1 c.656G>A mutation and a heterozygous TRPM4 c.479C>T mutation. Implantation of implantab

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Duda-Sikuła, Marta, and Donata Kurpas. "Enhancing Chronic Disease Management: Personalized Medicine Insights from Rural and Urban General Practitioner Practices." Journal of Personalized Medicine 14, no. 7 (2024): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm14070706.

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Health policies worldwide emphasize managing chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension through medication and lifestyle modifications. However, translating guidelines into practical application remains challenging, leading to suboptimal care and poor health outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aims to reveal significant differences between rural and urban patients requiring personalized approaches to chronic disease management based on geographical location and demographic data, considering the impact of emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collec

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Siraj, Sami. "Precision Medicine Approaches for Psychosis Treatment." Precision Medicine Communications 3, no. 1 (2023): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.55627/pmc.003.01.0313.

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Precision The precision medicine approach takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle and holds great promise in revolutionizing the treatment of various disorders, including psychosis. Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, and it can occur in disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. By integrating psychiatry and neurology, precision medicine aims to provide personalized and targeted interventions for individuals with psychosis. Several approaches are used for improved treatment outcomes in psycho

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Fonseka, Lakshan N., and Benjamin KP Woo. "Consumer Wearables and the Integration of New Objective Measures in Oncology: Patient and Provider Perspectives." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 7 (2021): e28664. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/28664.

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With one in five adults in the United States owning a smartwatch or fitness tracker, these devices are poised to impact all aspects of medicine by offering a more objective approach to replace self-reported data. Oncology has proved to be a prototypical example, and wearables offer immediate benefits to patients and oncologists with the ability to track symptoms and health metrics in real time. We aimed to review the recent literature on consumer-grade wearables and its current applications in cancer from the perspective of both the patient and the provider. The relevant studies suggested that

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Caley, Charles F. "Interpreting and Applying CYP450 Genomic Test Results to Psychotropic Medications." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 5 (2011): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011422873.

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The promises of personalized medicine have health care professionals and the public at large in great anticipation of the idea that understanding a patient’s genetic composition will provide clear answers to their treatment needs. For many practitioners in mental health care, there has been a question about whether or not CYP450 genetic polymorphisms can reliably inform psychotropic treatment response and tolerability. Unfortunately, the published evidence addressing this issue is mixed with only some researchers finding a positive correlation between a patient’s inherited metabolizer status a

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Sanjaykumar, Gayakwad*1 Alisha Patel2 Neel Shah3. "A Review Of 3D Printing Techniques for Dosage Form Development." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 3032–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15280466.

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Traditional ‘single-drug-single-target’ approach, where a drug molecule interacts with a specific target, falls short in effectively treating complex and refractory diseases which typically require multiple medications. Prescriptions to take multiple medications results in increased dosage burden for patients leading to lower patient compliance. Fixed dose combination medications simplify treatment and reduce dosage burden for patients requiring multiple medications but limit prescription flexibility. With the emergence of personalized medicine, there is a growing need for technolo

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Nishimura, Toshihide, Harubumi Kato, Norihiko Ikeda, et al. "Cancer Phenotype Diagnosis and Drug Efficacy within Japanese Health Care." International Journal of Proteomics 2012 (May 22, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921901.

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An overview on targeted personalized medicine is given describing the developments in Japan of lung cancer patients. These new targeted therapies with novel personalized medicine drugs require new implementations, in order to follow and monitor drug efficacy and outcome. Examples from IRESSA (Gefitinib) and TARCEVA (Erlotinib) treatments used in medication of lung cancer patients are presented. Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality in the world. The importance of both the quantification of disease progression, where diagnostic-related biomarkers are being implemented

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Oh, Sang Ho, Su Jin Lee, and Jongyoul Park. "Precision Medicine for Hypertension Patients with Type 2 Diabetes via Reinforcement Learning." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 1 (2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12010087.

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Precision medicine is a new approach to understanding health and disease based on patient-specific data such as medical diagnoses; clinical phenotype; biologic investigations such as laboratory studies and imaging; and environmental, demographic, and lifestyle factors. The importance of machine learning techniques in healthcare has expanded quickly in the last decade owing to the rising availability of vast multi-modality data and developed computational models and algorithms. Reinforcement learning is an appealing method for developing efficient policies in various healthcare areas where the

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Orlando, Valentina, Sara Mucherino, Ilaria Guarino, Francesca Guerriero, Ugo Trama, and Enrica Menditto. "Gender Differences in Medication Use: A Drug Utilization Study Based on Real World Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (2020): 3926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113926.

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A gender-specific drug utilization study was performed in the Campania region, Southern Italy. Data were based on outpatient drug prescriptions collected from administrative databases. The study population included all patients with at least one drug prescription in 2018. Prevalence was used as a measure to estimate the degree of exposure to drugs. A total of 3,899,360 patients were treated with at least one drug (54.2% females). The number of prescriptions was higher in females than males (55.6% vs. 44.4%). Females recorded higher prevalence for the majority of therapeutic groups (ATC II—anat

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T, Srinivas, Parvathi D, Anitha Devi U, Venkateshwarlu M, and Ugandhar T. "Advancements in nanoparticle applications for targeted drug delivery: benefits and implications." International Journal of Biological Research 11, no. 2 (2024): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/gqvh1v53.

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Nanoparticles have emerged as a new technique in the field of targeted drug delivery, providing major benefits in terms of therapeutic results. The present study studies the improvements in nanoparticle applications for targeted medication administration, focusing on their advantages and wider implications. Nanoparticles, because to their nanoscale size, distinct physicochemical features, and capacity to be functionalized with diverse ligands, can easily penetrate biological barriers and transport medications directly to sick cells, reducing off-target effects and increasing treatment effectiv

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Hahnenkamp, Klaus, Steffen Flessa, Timm Laslo, and Joachim Paul Hasebrook. "Integrating Telemedical Supervision, Responder Apps, and Data-Driven Triage: The RuralRescue Model of Personalized Emergency Care." Journal of Personalized Medicine 15, no. 7 (2025): 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15070314.

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Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate a regional implementation project for rural emergency care (RuralRescue) and to examine how its components and outcomes may support personalized approaches in emergency medicine. While not originally designed as a personalized medicine intervention, the project combined digital, educational, and organizational innovations that enable patient-specific adaptation of care processes. Methods: Conducted in the rural district of Vorpommern-Greifswald (Mecklenburg–Western Pomerania, Germany), the intervention included (1) standardized cardiopulmonar

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Stahl, Stephen M. "Psychiatric Pharmacogenomics: How to Integrate into Clinical Practice." CNS Spectrums 22, no. 1 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s109285291600095x.

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Pharmacogenomic testing can be integrated into modern mental health practices to help select psychotropic drugs for individuals who have failed first-line evidence-based treatments. This can be done by the process of “equipoise”—namely, balancing the weight of all available evidence. That evidence now includes not only diagnosis-specific treatment guidelines and “personalized” patient information, such as an individual’s specific symptom profile, past response to medications, side effects, family history, and patient preference, but also “precision medicine,” which incorporates the ever-expand

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Wang, Betty, Devika Nandwana, Mohit Sindhani, et al. "Genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of urinary microbiome: Pathway for personalized medicine." Journal of Clinical Oncology 43, no. 5_suppl (2025): 822. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.5_suppl.822.

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822 Background: The human microbiome significantly influences the efficacy and safety of various medications. To integrate microbial metabolism into precision medicine, it is crucial to develop strain- and molecule-specific computational models that can predict a patient's microbiome's ability to metabolize chemotherapy drugs. This study evaluates the potential of urine, pellet, and supernatant samples to identify microbial profiles and metabolizing genes in patients with bladder cancer. Methods: Catheterized urine, pellet, and supernatant samples from six patients (5 males and 1 female) with

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Loskutov, Juergen, Manuela Regenbrecht, Rica Sauer, et al. "Abstract 6224: The bad, the ugly and the ultra-rare: All cancers are equal in the face of personalized medicine." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 6224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6224.

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Abstract Cancer represents a huge health problem worldwide and is well-recognized as an extremely heterogeneous disease affecting all the tissues and organs. The incidence of the particular cancer type is directly connected to the availability of specific medication and amount of the research focused on it, resulting in a high unmet medical need for treatment options for rare cancers. Currently, NCI defines “rare cancer” as cancer with an incidence rate below 15 per 10^5 people per year and recently the term “ultra-rare cancer” was defined as cancer with an incidence rate below 1 per 10^6 peop

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Stern, Shani, Sara Linker, Krishna C. Vadodaria, Maria C. Marchetto, and Fred H. Gage. "Prediction of response to drug therapy in psychiatric disorders." Open Biology 8, no. 5 (2018): 180031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.180031.

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Personalized medicine has become increasingly relevant to many medical fields, promising more efficient drug therapies and earlier intervention. The development of personalized medicine is coupled with the identification of biomarkers and classification algorithms that help predict the responses of different patients to different drugs. In the last 10 years, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several genetically pre-screened drugs labelled as pharmacogenomics in the fields of oncology, pulmonary medicine, gastroenterology, haematology, neurology, rheumatology and even psychiat

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Ceren Akgor, Merve, Doga Vuralli, Damla Hazal Sucu, et al. "Distinct Food Triggers for Migraine, Medication Overuse Headache and Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 20 (2023): 6488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206488.

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an under-diagnosed common health problem that impairs quality of life. Migraine and IBS are comorbid disorders that are triggered by foods. We aim to investigate IBS frequency in medication overuse headache (MOH) patients and identify food triggers and food avoidance behavior. Methods: Participants who completed the cross-sectional, observational and online survey were included (n = 1118). Demographic data, comorbid disorders, medications used, presence of headache, the diagnostic features of headache and IBS, migraine related subjective cognitive

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Jacob Oliver and William Mason. "Gene Variation: The Key to Understanding Pharmacogenomics and Drug Response Variability." Fusion of Multidisciplinary Research, An International Journal 1, no. 2 (2020): 97–109. https://doi.org/10.63995/zxpk7782.

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Gene variation is pivotal in understanding pharmacogenomics and drug response variability, as genetic differences significantly influence individual reactions to medications. Pharmacogenomics explores how genetic variations impact drug efficacy and toxicity, aiming to tailor medical treatments to each patient's genetic profile. Specific gene variants can affect drug metabolism, transport, and targets, leading to diverse therapeutic outcomes and adverse effects among individuals. Advances in genomic technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, enable comprehensive identification and analys

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