Academic literature on the topic 'Personlig hygien'

Food and beverages companies constituse one of the most important shares of servise industry, the number of food and beverages companies has been increasing every other day. Food workers carry responsibilities concerning human helat. This study has been carried out to detect the impact of the compulsory hygiene training given to the food and beverages services personnel on the hygiene-related habits and behaviours of the employees, and within the scope of the regulation of “Hygiene Education Program” which was published on the official gazetta and put into force being signed by 4 ministries. 1150 food and beverages sector personnel who participated in the hygiene training offered in İstanbul to tourism sector stuff and were volunteer to participate were included in the study. Hygiene-related habits and behaviours before the training and knowledge levels were found to be increasing statistically meaningfully after the study (p<0,01).As a result, it was found out that the compulsory hygiene training given to the food and beverages sector personnel affects employees’ hygiene-related habits, behaviours, and knowledge levels positively. It has been discovered that the training given to the staff working in food and beverage companies does increase the level of knowledge in hygiene. ÖzetHizmet endüstrisinin en önemli paydaşlarından biri olan yiyecek içecek işletmelerinin sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Gıda sektörü ile uğraşan personel, insan sağlığı yönünden sorumluluk taşımaktadır.Bu araştırma, ülkemizde dört bakanlığın katılımıyla imzalanarak Resmi Gazete’de yayımlanan ve yürürlüğe giren “Hijyen Eğitim Programı” Yönetmeği kapsamında yiyecek içecek hizmetleri personeline verilen zorunlu hijyen eğitiminin çalışanların hijyen alışkanlıkları ve davranışlarına olan etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.Araştırmaya, İstanbul’da turizm sektöründe çalışan personele verilen hijyen eğitimlerine katılan gönüllü 1150 yiyecek içecek hizmetleri personeli dahil edilmiştir. Eğitim öncesi hijyen alışkanlıklarının davranışlarının ve eğitim sonrası hijyen bilgi düzeylerinin eğitim öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yönde arttığı saptanmıştır (p<0.01).Sonuçta yiyecek içecek hizmetleri bölümü çalışanlarına verilen zorunlu hijyen eğitiminin, personelin hijyen alışkanlıkları, hijyen davranışları ve hijyen bilgi düzeylerine olan olumlu etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Yiyecek içecek hizmetleri sektöründe çalışan personele verilecek hijyen eğitim programlarının, personelin hijyen bilgi düzeyini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir.

In Sweden, people with disabilities can apply for personal assistance in the form of personlig assistent. The task of such personal assistant is to support the disabled person in the place of residence, in daily activities such as dressing, personal hygiene, and contact with other people. Assistants also serve as companions during walking, shopping and outings to the movies, trip on holiday or even at work. They enable the contact with the public, and above all, they give a sense of independence and integration. A personal assistant is a key to independent living of people with disabilities.

This study was planned and conducted to determine the occupational health and safety practices and the level of perception of safety culture from the perspective of housekeeping personnel in hospitals. The population of the study consists of housekeeping personnel at 14 hospitals who accepted to participate in the study from all hospitals affiliated to the TR Ministry of Health and universities with more than 50 inpatient bed availability in Ankara city center apart from the hospitals specialized in certain fields, military hospitals and private hospitals within the boundaries of Ankara province. The proportional sampling method was used in the determination of the number of personnel to participate in the study from each hospital that agreed to participate in it and the study was carried out with 400 housekeeping personnel. A questionnaire form was prepared with 'Safety Culture Scale' and 'Employee Health and Safety Culture Scale' to collect the data in the study. The housekeeping personnel who have received education in the field of “health and safety at work” comes first among the personnel almost all of which have received in-service training. It was identified that 10,3 % of the personnel participating in the study had experienced occupational accidents. It was stated that 53,8 % of the housekeeping personnel who had experienced occupational accidents had these accidents while ‘collecting waste’, when the types of the accidents experienced by those who had had occupational accidents were examined, it was concluded that while the personnel ‘exposed to sharp object injuries’ took the first place. While a statistically significant difference (p<0,05) was found between the perception levels related to the ‘Safety Culture’ and ‘Employee Health and Safety Culture’ of the housekeeping personnel and the opinions of the personnel on the state of attaching importance to the applications related to health and safety at work by the hospital administration, the condition of receiving education on the use and maintenance of the equipment, accident protection and the use of cleaning products, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0,05) between gender, age, total service period, education level, marital status, service period at the hospital of employment, the condition of experiencing occupational accidents at the hospital of employment, the reason of the accident experienced, general opinions related to the reasons of occupational accidents, cleaning methods, the condition of receiving education on infection control, sanitation and personal hygiene. ÖzetBu araştırma hastanelerde çalışan kurum ev idaresi personeli perspektifinden iş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarının ve güvenlik kültürüne ilişkin algı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini Ankara il sınırları içinde bulunan 50 yatak kapasitesinin üzerindeki tüm T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı’na ve üniversitelere bağlı çalışmayı kabul eden hastaneler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden hastanelerden 400 kurum ev idaresi personeli oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak amacıyla “Güvenlik Kültürü Ölçeği” ile “Çalışan Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Ölçeği” kullanılarak anket formu oluşturulmuştur. Kurum ev idaresi personelinin% 10,3’ ünün iş kazası geçirdiği belirlenmiştir. İş kazası geçiren personelin yarıdan biraz fazlası ‘atıkları toplarken’ kaza geçirmiş olup, geçirilen kaza tipleri arasında; ‘kesici delici alet yaralanmalarını’ belirtenler ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Kurum ev idaresi personelinin ‘Güvenlik Kültürü’ ile ‘Çalışan Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kültürü’ne ilişkin algı düzeyleri ile personelin hastane yönetiminin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ile ilgili uygulamalarına önem verme durumuna ilişkin görüşleri, araç gereçlerin kullanımı ve bakımı, kazalardan korunma ve temizlik maddelerinin kullanımı konularına ilişkin eğitim alma durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık (p<0,05) bulunurken; cinsiyet, yaş, toplam hizmet yılı, öğrenim düzeyi, medeni durum, çalıştığı hastanedeki hizmet yılı, çalıştığı hastanede iş kazası geçirme durumu, geçirilen iş kazasının nedeni, genel olarak iş kazalarının nedenine ilişkin görüşleri, temizlik yöntemleri, enfeksiyon kontrolü ve sanitasyon ile kişisel hijyenle ilgili eğitim alma durumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık (p>0,05) bulunmamıştır.

Dermatitis merupakan salah satu penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh peradangan dan iritasi hingga menyebabkan kulit terasa gatal (NIH, 2019). Penyakit ini ditandai dengan hadirnya kemerahan, pembengkakan, hingga pengerasan permukaan kulit. Peradangan dermatitis biasanya disebabkan oleh adanya kontak langsung zat kimia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Penyakit Dermatitis Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Hiri Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu observasional dengan pendekatan case control study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang menderita Dermatitis diwilayah kerja puskesmas Kecamatan Pulau Hiri tahun 2020 dengan jumlah 281 kunjungan. Sampel dalam penenelitian ini sebanyak 106 responden, yang di peroleh dengan mengunakan metode observasional dengan pendekatan case control study. Hasil analisis dalam penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan responden dengan kejadian penyakit Dermatitis (0,000), tidak ada hubungan antara suhu dengan terjaidnya penyakit Dermatitis (0,697), ada hubungan antara kelembapan dengan kejadian penyakit dermatitis (0,001), ada hubungan antara personil hygene dengan kejadian penyakit dermatitis di wilayah kerja puskesmas pulau hiri (0,000). Di harapkan bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan variabel yang berbeda dan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dengan selalu memperhatikan kesalahan- kesalahan agar dapat menginformasikan yang belum terjawab pada penelitian sebelumnya.

Vårdrelaterade infektioner kan innebära stora ekonomiska förluster för samhället men medför även lidande för dem som drabbas. Främsta orsak till uppkomst och spridning är att vårdpersonalens basala hygienrutiner och personliga hygien brister. Handbok för hälso- och sjukvård innehåller riktlinjer som baseras på vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet. Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga och beskriva hur sjuksköterskor på vårdavdelning följer handbokens riktlinjer avseende basalhygien och personlig hygien. Detta undersöktes i en empirisk observationsstudie med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Generellt var följsamheten gentemot riktlinjer för personlig hygien god då samtliga sjuksköterskor uppfyllde handbokens riktlinjer i de flesta avseenden. Sämre var resultatet för de basala hygienrutinerna, där ett flertal brister observerades. Handdesinfektion utfördes endast vid 43 % av de indikerade tillfällena. Vid omvårdnad av en patient under ett längre tidsintervall, berördes ofta omväxlande smutsigt och rent, både med och utan handskar. Sjuksköterskorna använde skyddsrock i 77 % av de situationer då så indikerades. Dock är ett alarmerande resultat att sjuksköterskor kontinuerligt rörde sig utanför salarna med kontaminerade skyddsrockar på, samt att dessa dessutom användes till flera patienter i följd. De bristande hygienrutinerna som identifierats i studien kan utgöra en källa till spridning av vårdrelaterade infektioner som trots allt bidrar till att 600 personer avlider årligen i Sverige. Genom att kartlägga och beskriva hur riktlinjerna efterföljs kan kvaliteten på vården förbättras och utvecklas.
Nosocomial diseases can mean great economical loss for the society but also bring suffering for those inflicted. The main reason for appearance and dispersion is due to lacks in health care workers basal hygiene routines and personal hygiene. Manual for health and medical service contains practical guidelines based on scientific evidence and tested experiences. The aim of this study is to map and describe how nurses on nursing wards comply with the manuals’ guidelines with reference to basal hygiene routines and personal hygiene. To investigate this an empirical observational study was carried out with both qualitative and quantitative approach. Over all the compliance towards the guidelines for personal hygiene was good since all nurses complied with the guidelines in most aspects. The result for the basal hygiene routines was worse since several imperfections were observed. Disinfection of hands was only carried out in 43 % of the indicated occasions. When a patient was cared for during a longer period of time, clean and dirty materials was often touched alternately, both with and without gloves. The nurses used protective clothing in 77 % of the indicated situations. Despite this, an alarming result is that the nurses continuously circulated outside the patients’ rooms wearing contaminated protective clothing, which in addition also were used to several patients consecutively. The lack in hygiene routines that was identified in this study can be a source to nosocomial diseases which despite all contribute to the death of 600 peoply yearly in Sweden. By mapping and describing the compliance towards the practical guidelines, can the quality of care improve and develop.

Allt fler människor kommer att leva längre och således även bli äldre vilket gör att ämnet kring äldre är aktuellt och viktigt. Att vara självständig kan för många vuxna ses som en naturlig del av livet. Det gör det intressant att undersöka hur självbestämmandet ser ut när äldre människor har kommit till det stadium att de är i behov av både stöd- och hjälp för att rå med sina vardagsuppgifter. Därför har den här undersökningen som utförts syftat till sammanställning och analys av redan tidigare utförd forskning gällande vilka svårigheter och strategier som finns för äldres självbestämmanderätt vid insatser som avser den personliga hygienen och hur personal förhåller sig till det. För att sammanställa den tidigare utförda forskningen så har en litteraturöversikt av främst kartläggande karaktär använts för att samla in 12 artiklar som sedan analyserats utifrån tematisk analys. Det resultat som framkom beskrev svårigheter som handlar om de känslor som kan uppstå i arbetet med personlig hygien, att det inte finns tillräckligt med resurser samt att det är en maktskillnad mellan personal och den äldre. I resultatet framkom även strategier som underlättar svårigheterna i form av metoder som lindrar utsatthet och bevarar värdighet för den äldre i dessa situationer, att stärka den äldre i dennes självbestämmande samt kompromisser. Däremot kan strategierna som framkommit vara svåra att applicera i praktiken med tanke på de svårigheter som identifierats. Förutom detta visar det sig att vård kring den personliga hygienen kring äldre involverar flera känslor i det praktiska arbetet som bidrar till en komplexitet. Dessutom bidrar den tid och tidsplanering som finns inom dagens arbete med äldre till svårigheter för personal gällande deras möjlighet att fullt ut beakta äldres självbestämmanderätt.

Trots att studier visar att personer med autismspektrumdiagnos (ASD) ofta behöver hjälp med att sköta sin personliga hygien, samt att mödrar till barn med ASD ofta behöver assistera dem i deras aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL) saknas det forskning om vad detta stöd faktiskt består av. Syftet med den aktuella studien är att öka kunskapen om mödrars erfarenheter av att hjälpa ungdomar med ASD med deras personliga hygien samt med påklädning. 3 flickmödrar och 3 pojkmödrar intervjuades om hur de hjälpte sina barn med Dusch/Tvätt, Hårvård, Naglar, Påklädning, Tandborstning, Toalettbesök, Torka sig efter toalettbesök samt Torka sig med handduk. Flickmödrar fick också frågor om Menstruation. Analysen baserades på Anthony Giddens' teorier om Modernitet och Självidentitet. Intervjuerna skrevs om till 6 narrativ, vilka analyserades tillsammans med relevanta delar från intervjuerna. Resultatet presenteras som 3 huvudteman. Resultatet visar bland annat att ungdomarna hade ett omfattande hjälpbehov och att mödrarna hjälpte sina barn både fysiskt och verbalt. Mödrarnas förståelse för och lojalitet gentemot barnen och deras svårigheter var förhållandevis hög medan deras tillit till sakkunniga var relativt låg.
Although studies indicate that people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often need help with their personal hygiene, in addition to the fact that mothers of children with ASD often need to assist them in their activities of daily living (ADL), little research has been made as to what this support actually consists of. The purpose of the present study is to investigate how mothers of children aged 10-15 with ASD help their children to manage their personal hygiene, and what effect this has on their mothers. 3 mothers of girls and 3 mothers of boys were interviewed about how they supported their children in the following activities: Dressing, Hair care, Nail cutting, Toilet use, Tooth brushing, Toweling, Washing and Wiping. Mothers of girls were also asked about Menstruation. The analyses were based on Anthony Giddens' theories on Modernity and Self Identity. Afterwards, the interviews were converted into six narratives. These narratives along with pertinent elements from the interviews were analyzed and the result presented as 3 main themes. Results show among other things that the mothers supported their children both physically and verbally. The mothers' appreciation and loyality with their children were proportionately high, whereas their confidence in experts was rather low.

Currently, many developing countries are experiencing rising prevalences of caries associated with changes in lifestyle and living conditions. Objectives: To describe the hygiene, eating habits, and oral health status of Nepalese children. Materials and Methods: A stratifiedsample of 231 children 5–7, 11–13, and 15–16 years of age (53% boys, 47% girls) who attended public high schools in the rural area of the Lalitpur District, Nepal was selected. The study was a field study combining a clinical examination (plaque, gingivitis, calculus, and caries) and a questionnaire. The questions concerned sanitary conditions, health support, personal hygiene, tooth cleaning, and eating habits. Results: During the school day, half of the children ate nothing at all. General personal hygiene was associated with tooth-cleaning frequency.Four out of five children in the entire sample cleaned their teeth once/day or more, using their own toothbrush. The use of fluoride toothpaste was rare.More frequent tooth cleaning and lower plaque indices were seen among girls and older children. More plaque was found on the occlusal surfaces of erupting permanent molars than on fully occluded permanent molars. Most children had a low prevalence of manifest caries in the primary and the permanent dentitions. However, every fifth 5–7-yr-old had manifest caries in three or more primary teeth. The occlusal surfaces of molars accounted for almost all registered caries in both dentitions. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of manifest caries was low, the low level of preventive activities may cause an increase in the prevalence of caries, as in other developing countries. The presumed risk scenario needs to be met by comprehensive and systematic health promotion and preventive measures.
Sammanfattning: I många utvecklingsländer sker förändringar av livsstil och levnadsförhållanden med samtidig ökad förekomst av karies. Mål: Att beskriva hygien, matvanor och munhälsa hos nepalesiska barn. Material och Metod: Ett stratifierat urval av 231 barn, som i åldrarna 5-7, 11-13 och 15-16 år (53% pojkar, 47% flickor), elever i statliga grundskolor på landsbygden, Lalitpur distriktet Nepal, användes. Studien utformades som en fältstudie med klinisk undersökning (plack, gingivit, tandsten och karies) kombinerad med en enkätstudie. Frågorna rörde sanitära förhållanden, hälsostöd från hemmet, personlig hygien, tandrengörings- och matvanor. Resultat: Under skoldagen åt hälften av barnen ingenting alls. Allmän personlig hygien var associerad med tandrengörings frekvens. Av alla barn, som användande sin egen tandborste, borstade fyra av fem, en gång om dagen eller mer. Äldre barn och flickor rengjorde tänderna oftare och hade ett lägre plackindex. Mer plack fanns på erupterande molarers occlusalytor jämfört med molarer i full ocklusion. De flesta barnen hade en låg frekvens manifest karies i primära och permanenta bettet. Dock hade en femtedel av 5-7 åringarna tre eller fler manifesta kariesangrepp i primära bettet. Ocklusal karies på molarerna utgjorde nästan all registrerad karies i båda dentitionerna. Slutsats: Låg frekvens av manifest karies, men en låg grad av förebyggande aktiviteter, kan medföra en ökad kariesfrekvens liknande den i andra utvecklingsländer. Den förmodande risken måste bemötas med behovsinriktade och systematiska hälsobefrämjande och preventiva åtgärder.

ISBN 91-7997-151-2