Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Personnages littéraires – Moyen âge'
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Nuh, Ilsiona. "Le texte dans le codex : émergence poétique et images sociales (Marie dans le théâtre du Moyen Âge)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAL012.
Full textThe dramatis personae of Mary in La Présentation de Marie au Temple, Les Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages and Le Mystère de la Passion d’Arnoul Gréban is at the intersection of languages, poetical genres, and places where drama is performed. Her character is inspired by the Christian faith in the Incarnation: within the Virgin was incarnated the Word of God who, in his human form, in the person of the Son, spoke to men. The fundamental affirmation of Christianity underlines the importance of the Word. Nevertheless, the New Testament is discreet about Mary, while the religious plays show the mother of Lord characterized by a self-expression, a mainly lyrical one. Inspired by texts in Latin and in vernacular, from literary and rhetorical texts, and under the influence of social realities, the character of Mary is at the confluence of these currents that she transcends and, at their interstice, models a new way of expressing faith, to which the dramatic form gives a collective dimension. Based on the material and poetical analysis of the manuscripts, this thesis aims to show the dynamics that give life to Mary in theatre and the repercussions of her character on the poetry of the dramatic text, as well as on the communities it engenders
Silec, Tatjana. "Le fou et son roi dans la littérature anglaise de "Beowulf" à "King Lear"." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040065.
Full textThis study examines the roles of the court jester from the triumphs of the Roman Empire until today, most particularly in English literature from Beowulf to King Lear. The perspective is mainly anthropological, philological and literary; it aims to uncover what is so unique about the court jester, mainly his ability to reveal the codes and values which people must obey in order to play their part in a community. The changes that affected English society from the Anglo-Saxon period to the Renaissance explain why aspects of the jester can also be found in characters as different as the Green Man, the insipiens, the innocent fool, the berserk or the clown, while he remains at all times the catalyst par excellence of the fears, and sometimes the hopes, of his contemporaries
Giovénal, Carine. "« Du bestournement au renouvellement » : La construction du personnage chez Raoul de Houdenc (XIIIe siècle)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10205/document.
Full textConsidered as one of Chrétien de Troyes’ successors, Raoul de Houdenc joins in the lineage of writers known as "Arthurians" writers. Through his adventure novel Meraugis de Portlesguez, he reinvents the motives highlighted by master Champenois and bestourne the Breton material in an undeniable parodic intention. Through the comparative study of this narrative with Chrétien de Troyes’ novels in verse; but also with the cycle in prose of Lancelot-Graal, we observe how much the Arthurian romantic character shows himself flexible: skilfully playing with a traditional structure (the Round Table with its unchanging guards, the formative wandering, the monsters and the customs that need to be destroyed), the author ridicules the organization of this system so well polished by Chrétien de Troyes (1st part). We will study then the same characters under the angle of the apprenticeship: the eponymous hero, as well as some of the characters who surround him, are constantly evolving beings that the author will make grow up and mature. Through the evolutionary glance of his creatures, Raoul will deliver his own conception of courtesy, a conception that agrees with the one that he gives of the perfect knight of the Dit and of the Roman des Eles, weaving between his two works a remarkable game of echoes (2nd part). Eventually, the houdanesque character creates a mirror with the person of the beginning of the 12th century: his contrasted heroes, and the voice of the author-narrator-character of the Songe d’Enfer; which is in the grip of doubt when faced with contradictory currents of thoughts of his time; fixes the houdanesque writing in the works that blend imagination and reflection (3rd part)
Benoit, Jean-Louis. "L'art littéraire dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame, de Gautier de Coinci." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040327.
Full textIn a first part entitled "art in the service of faith", the author's project is brought to light. Beyond the translation and versification of the Latin miracles the purpose is to pass a religious message centered round incarnation and Mary’s mercy. Narration is in the service of preaching. It transmits and illustrates a popular catechism on the essential points of faith. The aesthetics of the miracles by Gautier is related to "the art of the cathedrals" (G. Duby). The satire is linked to this didactic and reforming project. It is in keeping with the moral tradition of criticism of "estats du siècle". The clergy is the first to be aimed at. The search for truth is accompanied by a lyrical commitment in which the past time is brought back to life. The writer is involved in a violent controversy with the profane literature of his time. He nevertheless borrows from it its processes and its set of themes to convert them to the service of Mary. In a second part "a literature to the service of pleasure", we study the different types of plots, the characters, comedy and irony, the forms of pathos and of the supernatural, which have made the success of a both sacred and popular literature. The poetic techniques, in which an unrivalled virtuosity is played, reveal a humorous writer and a mystical artist. In "the delights of the verb" (ch. IX), faith and pleasure are joined together
Huboux, Michèle. "Les Campagnes florentines à la fin du Moyen Âge : principalement d'après les sources littéraires." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4002.
Full textThe background to this research is the Florentine "contado" of the Late Middle Ages. Our primary source are "subjective" ones such as "ricordanze" backed up by such "objective" sources as village statutes and inventories of peasants' goods and chattels. After a first chapter which deals with the two most important authors, to our mind, Giovanni Sercambi and Franco Sacchetti, we have studied the image of the "villein" in Tuscan narratives. A third chapter deals with rural landscape as shaped by the peasants of the "contado" who often seem to follow the advice of the best agronomists of their time, Piero de'Crescenzi and Michelangelo Tanaglia. A further chapter brings out the important role of the countryside in Florentine life. The final part of our study deals with the private aspects of peasant society. There is no doubt that our sources provide information on the everyday life of peasants, but direct accounts are lacking. Hence the major difficulty of a study which can only see rural reality from one point of view, that of the city dwelling landowner
Dillmann, François-Xavier. "Les Magiciens dans l'Islande ancienne : études sur la représentation de la magie islandaise et de ses agents dans les sources littéraires norroises." Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN1005.
Full textAfter dealing with the magical phenomenon in the old icelandic commonwealth (first part, this doctoral thesis studies the anthropological (physical and psychical) characteristics of the icelandic magicians and wizards, and discusses the question about the existence of chamanism in the old norse literary sources (second part). The third part is composed of a sociological description of the icelandic magicians: juridical, economical and social (with a discussion about the profession of magician) situation, ethnical geographical origins, dwelling forms, family life and sexual behaviour, and social relationship
Knaepen, Arnaud. "Images de l'antiquité classique au haut moyen âge: la matière historique gréco-romaine dans les sources littéraires latines du VIIIe au XIe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210871.
Full textSoleymani, Majd Nina. "Lionnes et colombes : les personnages féminins dans le Cycle de Guillaume d’Orange, la Digénide, et le Châhnâmeh de Ferdowsi." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAL024.
Full textThis work is meant to explore the literary effects of the massive presence of female characters in the medieval epic, despite the paradox it represents, given that these poems deal mainly with war and seem to be primarily concerned with masculinity. The research focuses on three major epics from France, Byzantium and Persia, composed between the 11th and the 13th century. The study of female characters from a comparative point of view emphasizes their impact on the narrative, contrasts their submissiveness with their independance from their male counterparts, and sheds light upon the misogynistic stereotypes as well as the positive appreciations among their literary representations. Since the epic genre has been recently redefined as the ideal locus for the confronting of antithetic social values through the use of narratological tools, rather than conceptual, we would like to show that this can also apply to gender norms. Because their agency becomes problematic as soon as it challenges that of men, women in epics bring on a constant inquiry of those norms. Be it indirect or straightforward, this latent tendency gives rise to a specifically feminine transgression that, when leading to heroism, allows to re-read those works as going against essentialist prejudices
Le, Breton-Filippusdóttir Steinunn. "De la "vita" à la saga : étude de structures et procédés littéraires hérités de l'hagiographie latine à partir de textes anciens traduits en norrois." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040388.
Full textThe author examines the composition and literary proceedings of ancient hagiographic translations from Latin into old Norse, found in manuscripts dated from the beginning of the XIIIth century. The aim is to estimate whether they are exact translations, adaptations or recreated compilations from various sources. Then an attempt is made to demonstrate their influence on medieval Icelandic saga writing - which is still hardly recognized - first on the kings' sagas and bishops' sagas and further on the literary sagas, the sagas of Icelanders
Guyénot, Laurent. "La mort merveilleuse : la féerisation des morts dans le roman médiéval français et anglais : essai d'anthropologie littéraire." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040019.
Full textThis thesis explore the origin and function of fairy lands, fairy damsels and fairy knights in medieval romances in old French and Middle English verse related tho the Matter of Britain. It argues that they stem not from any lost and degraded pagan mythology, but primarily from a living and widespread oral tradition of legend and tales relating to death, the heroic after-life, rescue from the death and earth-bound ghosts. It uses literary motifs as a window into lay concepts of death and dead, and it studies the narrative process by which this folklore of legends and tales gave rise to a fairy mythology which soon took a life of its own. Beside timeless stories of heroes supernaturrally conceived and physically rapt, two types of unquiet dead(or undead) are shown to have been prevalent in medieval folklore, and to have provided the raw material for some of the most influential works(including le conte du Graal and Le Roman de Mélusine) : the murdered dead awaiting healing by vengeance, and the dead maiden seeking union with a mortal
Hincapié, Giraldo Leonardo. "Yseut et Wîs : une lecture junguienne des personnages féminins dans Le Roman de Wîs et Râmîn et dans les romans de Tristan." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030114.
Full textIn this work we will be comparing two feminine characters (Iseult and Vis) from several medieval stories: the romances of Tristan and the romance of Vis and Ramin. These characters will be analyzed using Jungian theory about archetypes and Collective Unconscious. Our basic premise considers that the same archetypal principle drives the two characters: The Archetypal Feminine. We know that the characters of Iseult and Vis belong to stories whose origins are mythological: Celtic origins for the heroine of Tristan romances and Persian origins for the heroine of Gorgani’s romance. Based on this, one can see how the drawing up of these two characters owes much to other mythical images of Femininity and Woman, in the cultural and mythological context of each literary work. What do we truly know and understand about the heroines of these important stories? What do we truly know and understand about their function and their role in the plot of these romances? This work holds two objectives related to these questions. One, to trace the drawing up of the characters from mythology to literature. The other, to identify the echoes of folktales and traditional literature which resonate in these stories even today. Analyzing these two characters as symbols of the same archetype, can allow us to compare the dynamic of the Archetypal Feminine into these literary works, and to identify their narrative function in the two different outcomes of the stories. Iseult and Vis would be then the crystallizations of a collective image about Woman and Femininity. They appeared in two different cultures, at the same moment of history: The Middle Ages
Labban, Rima. "Les figures mythiques dans la culture arabo-islamique médiévale : l'exemple des "Mille et Une nuits"." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040058.
Full textThe study of the mythical figures of king Salomon and the calife Haroun al-Rachid in the Arab-Islamic medieval culture, through The Thousand and One Nights, amounts, firstly, to questioning the making and animation of the imaginary representations in a society governed by religious interdictions to express its deepest desires. It consists, secondly, on examining the mechanisms and the mode of productions of the fancy, its instruments, and, the moments and places of its irruption. The study of these two figures is then situated at the center of the medieval fancy and at the same time at the intersection of the historical, political and social domains. To understand how a historical personality transforms into a politico-heroic myth, in other words, to answer the question of how figures become mythical, one should, at the same time, call upon the historical method and the literary analysis, from a narrative and semiotic point of view. The answers to these interrogations should lead to a definition of the mythical figure in the medieval Arab-Islamic culture and to a definition of the status of the tale in this culture
Chardonnens, Noémie. "L'autre du même : emprunts et répétitions dans le Roman de Perceforest." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030066.
Full textThe Roman de Perceforest, the longest known text from the Middle Ages, aims to describe the life of Arthur's pre-christian ancestors and knights, presenting them as descendants of Alexander the Great. Along the storytelling, a genuine poetics of external and internal repetition takes place: the Perceforest's authors multiply the references to previous texts belonging to several materials, integrating sometimes entire parts of other texts. Furthermore the narrative reproduces its own patterns and particular sequences in different places of the text. Throughout this research, we consider the influence of such repetition aesthetics on the literary genre definition, on its construction as well as on the reader's reception. In this dissertation, we explore a specific category of repetitions where pre-existing sequences are embedded in a narrative context that differs from the original context of occurrence, which we called emprunt(s). Reviewing the species of inter- and intra-textual recurrences occurring within the text, we reveal some overlooked aspects of the consistency, the specificity of the Perceforest and its author's idea of writing, striving to groundwork on general theory of «emprunts» that shall thereby be laid
Gregorio, Amélie. "L’«Arabe» dans le théâtre français, du début de la colonisation de l’Algérie aux grandes expositions coloniales (1830-1931) : de représentations en discours." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2105.
Full textSince 1830, drama has taken over the Algerian conquest theme then backed the colonial expansion in North Africa, two major events which marked French political life from the 19th century to the early 20th century. As a real social and cultural overall phenomenon, it has strongly contributed to impose the colonial spirit and the empire idea into people's minds. But to what extent exactly has it played a cultural role in this expansion and domination policy? At what frequency and with which inflexions? Which representations of the "Arab" has drama conveyed, and how has it transformed them into an ideological discourse, through a live performance received by a given audience? Has it also been a place of distancing, even contesting colonization? Otherness is put into words with drama, but it is also and mostly brought onto the scene through the body and the voice of the actor, almost always French and white. The other "native", the one who puts question, worries or fascinates, gains an enhanced visibility, for the time of the performance. Otherness is reduced to stereotypes by some authors while others call them into question. The image of the Arab – but also of the Kabylian, the Tuareg, and the mixed-race – has followed the ideological currents that have underlain the great steps of the colonial expansion, until the beginnings of the decolonization movement. On the aesthetic level, is the representation of the "Arab" the opportunity of a renewal in terms of performance, language, setting, and costumes? Does seeking "exoticism" in spectacular forms give sometimes way to concern about meeting and knowing, or acknowledging, the other? The literary, cultural, social and historical significance of the subject requires to mobilize and cross aesthetic, dramaturgic, sociocritical and post colonial approaches
Chen, Yung-Jung, and 陳詠蓉. "L’analyse narratologique des personnages diaboliques dans le théâtre français du Moyen Âge." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68260677439602446009.
Full text國立中央大學
法國語文學系
101
The idea of evil is deeply rooted in the Christian society in medieval Europe and the devil is considered as the symbol of evil. The devil’s first appearance in the medieval religious drama aimed originally to give religious instruction. However, with the development of the secular drama, the cold, grim image of devil's role gradually brought in comic elements. In this transition period, how the role of devil is inserted in the religious drama without losing its social function is a problem worthy of investigation. This thesis studies the devil’s role in the medieval French religious drama. With the help of The Logic of Narrative Possibilities established by Claude Bremond, we attempt to analyze the devil’s choices and decisions, as well as his close connection with human beings. By analyzing the representation of the devil, we aim to explore in depth his role in the narrative. In the first chapter, with the analysis of the transformation of roles in the narrative structure (agent and patient), we strive to understand the motivation of the devil and how he makes use of the human desire in his evil acts. The second chapter, in which the emphasis is put on the process of the devil’s evil acts, is divided into three parts. Firstly, we will discuss the master-servant relationship between Lucifer, the king of hell, and the devils. Secondly, based on the selected plays, we discern three strategies in the devil’s acts: temptation, seduction and negotiation. Finally, we analyze the frustrator, who, in the development of narrative, may cause the failure of the mission of the devil. In the final chapter, we attempt to explore the ultimate result of the devil’s evil acts. According to The Logic of Narrative Possibilities, if one character decides to take actions, he may succeed or fail in his actions. When the devil successfully lead human beings astray, the temporary success of his action should be attributed to both the wish of the devil himself and the weakness of the human beings. However, owing to the intervention of God’s will, the devil’s failure is always inevitable. Our study has shown that it is possible to apply the narratology to the analysis of the medieval French religious drama. With the theory of Claude Bremond, we understand more thoroughly the devil’s role in the narrative structure, his functions of instructions and eventually his symbolic role in the medieval Christian society.