Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Perspective – Histoire'
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FILHO, WALDEMIR DE ARAUJO. "CINÉMA ET L ENSEIGNEMENT D HISTOIRE À LA PERSPECTIVE DES PROFESSEURS D HISTOIRE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11294@1.
Full textCette recherche a eu comme objectif principal de décrire et analiser les pratiques de l usage des films par les professeurs d histoire de l éducation élémentaire ayant comme arguments topiques les questions suivantes: Pourquoi les profeseurs d histoire utilisent-ils des films en classe? Que pensent-ils sur le cinéma et l enseignement d histoire? Quels sont les critères de séléction des films à projeter? Comment ils utilisent ces mêmes films à l école? Comment sont évalués les résultats des activités développées? En raison de l objectif et des questions mentionnées, je me suis décidé pour une recherche de base qualificative et sur celle-ci travailler avec des entrevues structurées. Des professeurs d histoire des réseaux publics et privés de l éducation élémantaire de la ville de Rio de Janeiro, selectionnés par un système d indication à partir d un ego-focal - informateur qualifié lequel doit avoir une bonne connaissance de ce champ d étude et disposé à être le premier des interwievés - chaque interwievé indiqué, indique d autres possibles informateurs dans ce champ en organisant ainsi un réseau de spécialistes dans ce genre de recherche. L étude a pris comme point essentiel le fait que malgré la présence expressive du film en classe d`histoire de l éducation élémentaire et moyenne, on n y trouvait pas encore un volume significatif d études qui cherche à décrire et analiser tout ce qui mène les professeurs de cette discipline à faire usage du film et quel est cet usage.
Este trabalho de pesquisa teve como objetivo principal descrever e analisar práticas de uso de filmes por docentes de história da educação básica, tendo como eixos centrais as seguintes questões: O que leva professores de história a fazer uso de filmes em suas aulas? Que concepções esses professores têm de cinema e de ensino de história? Que critérios utilizam para selecionar os filmes que exibem? Que uso eles fazem dos filmes no espaço escolar? Como avaliam os resultados das atividades que desenvolvem? Tendo em conta o objetivo e questões mencionadas, optei por um perfil de pesquisa de base qualitativa e, nesta, por trabalhar com entrevistas estruturadas. Foram entrevistados professores de história das redes pública e privada de ensino básico da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, selecionados em sistema de rede, ou seja, a partir de um ego-focal - informante qualificado, que conhece bem o campo em estudo e se dispõe a ser o primeiro de possíveis entrevistados - cada entrevistado indica outros possíveis informantes naquele campo configurando assim uma rede de especialistas no tema que está sendo investigado. O estudo tomou como ponto de partida, o fato de que apesar do filme se fazer presente de maneira expressiva nas aulas de história do ensino fundamental e médio, ainda não haver um volume significativo de estudos que busquem descrever e analisar o que leva os docentes dessa disciplina a fazer uso do filme e que usos são estes.
Mercier, Michael E. "Infant mortality in Ottawa, 1901, an historical-geographic perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ26933.pdf.
Full textGuay, Thérèse. "L'adaptation orthographique des anglicismes lexématiques au Québec, perspective historique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ49098.pdf.
Full textHamdad, Malika. "La persistance des chocs dans une perspective désagrégée : le cas du Canada, 1870-1996." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0004/MQ45225.pdf.
Full textAllen, David F. "Vers une perspective axiologique de la schizophrénie : éléments pour un histoire critique." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070115.
Full textThis thesis traces the history & prehistory of the concept of schizophrenia : a large number of histories of schizophrenia are analysed in terms of their ideological content. From this impasse we move both back and forward to the prehistory of schizophrenia with studies of Haitzman & Hamlet: in both cases we refute the diagnosis of psychosis. The analysis of hamlet leads to the problem of the ganser syndrome which is defined as a key area of hysterical (that is non psychotic) madness: we then move to early theorists of schizophrenia-Leuret-Morel-Kraepelin-Bleuler Minkowski etc. The importance of the concept of morbid rationalism is underlined. The closing section deals with the work of a. T. Boisen and offers a minimal structure of schizophrenia
Gazi, Effi. "Scientific national history : the Greek case in comparative perspective, 1850-1920 /." Frankfurt am Main (Germany) : P. Lang, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389234368.
Full textKuruneri-Millet, Antoine. "Le Cadre juridique des investissements français en fédération de Russie : Histoire et perspective." Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0177.
Full textThe legal framework of foreign investments witnesses of the existence, the nature and of the applying of law in Russia. Despite an almost completed modern legal framework in 2000, law in Russia remains ambivalent and the main consequence is a relative legal insecurity regarding economic relationships. However, this relative insecurity is not uniform and Russia is not a world without rules. The formal legal framework sometimes allow the substitution or the superimposition of both informal rules and practices to command the reference to the law, its applying and its effectiveness. Beyond the presentation of the legal framework in Russia, this thesis aims at identifying the origins of a complex legal reality and proposes interpretation keys to understand this reality where the history of Russia holds an essential role. This through a transversal approach of the legal framework of foreign investments, which refers mainly to economy, geopolitics and sociology. Without these keys, there is neither real and relevant understanding of the legal framework nor any possibility to forecast its possible future evolution, nor interpretation possibility and above all, no possibility to propose and formulate solutions for its improvement. Thus, this thesis opens on the full Russian legal landscape and overcome the strict business law to integrate all branches of public and private law and, notably, constitutional law, as well as relations between France and Russia, the present co-operation and its perspective
Chezeau, Nicole. "L'émergence d'un nouveau domaine scientifique au tournant du XXe siècle : la métallurgie physique, une perspective internationale." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT2106.
Full textRazafimbelo-Harisoa, Marie Solange. "La radiodiffusion à Madagascar : Perspective historique et usages sociaux." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020098.
Full textMARCOMBES, PIERRE. "Le genie dans sa confrontation a la folie : une perspective historique et epistemologique." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M381.
Full textLhermitte, Jean-François. "Conscience morale des animaux et perspective éthique dans l'oeuvre zoologique d'Elien de Préneste." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040167.
Full textThe zoological writings of Aelian recognize that animals have a moral sense. The study of the psychical manifestations shows, first all, that this does not have a rational origin ; even if animals are capable of logismos (reasoning), they lack the logos (reason). But they experience pathê, which are, in effect, moral evaluations. They are also capable of a learning process of the moral values which requires memory and communication. The socio-moral problem shows that animal dike (justice) is the outcome of the physis (nature) or of a sponde (convention), which defines the koinonia (i. E. Moral community) in a rigorous and not universal manner. Divine inspiration provides a third source of virtuous behaviour. Aloga do not have any moral responsibility, even if their worthiness is recognized. Finally this thesis outlines how this topic is treated in other literary forms: in scientific discourses, mythology, narrative genres and gnomic writings. The comparisons draw attention to the complexity of the ethical perspective
Ait, Lahcen Lhoucien. "La politique linguistique au Maroc : histoire et perspective : exemple d'une famille du Haut Atlas central." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H069.
Full textPaone, Martina. "From Civilising Mission to Civilian Power: Rethinking EU Peacebuilding from a Postcolonial Perspective." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/278921/4/phd.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Rasevych, Peter. "Reading native literature from a traditional indigenous perspective, contemporary novels in a Windigo society." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60865.pdf.
Full textMassoula, Dimitra. "Culture orthodoxe, identité nationale, territoire étatique et pouvoir politique : les cas de la Grèce et de la Serbie dans la perspective de l'élargissement l'Union Européenne." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4025.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to contribute to the better understanding of the orthodox culture, and more particularly of two countries embracing the Orthodox culture, Greece (a European, Mediterranean, and Balkan country) and Serbia (a European, Balkan, and Danubian country) by the European family of states and institutions. The theoritical presentation of the Orthodox culture, especially of its political dimension, through the study of Patristic and Sacred Texts, reveals its impact in the public, political and strategic debate and planning of the countries and peoples who embrace her. The comparative study of the liturgical and ritual practices, as well as of the political and strategic projects in Greece and Serbia, decode the specific political weight of the Orthodox culture within these two countries, during their national histories, and the procedure of construction and manifestation of local, regional, national and state identities. This comparison is based on the study of geomorphological, geopolitical, geoeconomic, social, historical, traditional data. Finally, we will try to integrate the Orthodox culture in the new European family, i. E. , a flexible and inclusive Europe, faithful to its roots, adult and willing to assume its plural identity, its history, and its collective responsibilities vis-à-vis the challenge of the XXIe century. A Europe, built according to a new architecture of creative and solid union of peoples, multiple cultures, such as the Orthodox one
Lefils, Fabienne. "Etude de l'oeuvre architecturale commerciale de Victor Gruen: mise en perspective historiographique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209482.
Full textThis thesis establishes the retail work of Victor Gruen in the history of modern architecture. It analyses its architectonic values, establishes the economic, politic and sociologic conditions that promoted its creation. In addition, this thesis reveals how Gruen’s work was perceived at the time of its creation and compares the critiques’ welcome to the historiography of Modern Architecture. Ultimately, this thesis demonstrates that the architectonic qualities of Victor Gruen’s retail architecture should be included in Modern Architecture history monographs.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Gétreau, Florence. "Histoire des instruments et représentations de la musique en France : une perspective disciplinaire dans le contexte international." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00088086.
Full textCe mémoire pour l'habilitation est introduit par une présentation historiographique de cette branche de la musicologie. En effet, si les grands traités théoriques français de Marin Mersenne, de Pierre Trichet, de Diderot et d'Alembert notamment, constituent le socle de connaissances de tout organologue, l'étude des instruments de musique en tant que discipline apparaît en France au XIXe siècle avec les travaux de F.J. Fétis. Des figures comme celles de Pontécoulant, de Constant Pierre, d'André Schaeffner l'ont ensuite fortement structurée. C'est donc dans la perspective de ces pionniers et de leurs plus lointains successeurs appartenant souvent au cercle des disciples de Norbert Dufourcq, qu'est placée la réflexion. L'établissement d'une bibliographie des travaux portant sur la France montre la difficulté des chercheurs français, à quelques exceptions près, à s'affirmer dans le contexte international au moment où se mettent en place les tribunes spécialisées, tel le Galpin Society Journal.
Etudier les caractéristiques organologiques des instruments dans une perspective analytique et descriptive (catalogues), mais aussi interprétative (histoire du goût, évolution des sensibilités), reconstituer l'œuvre de facteurs ayant travaillé en France, notamment aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (monographies), éclairer le contexte social et statutaire du métier de facteur d'instruments, contribuer à l'histoire des collections d'instruments en France, et aussi à l'histoire de la conservation et de la restauration, voilà autant d'axes développés dans ce bilan de travaux personnels et collectifs : ils ont été approfondis lors de colloques internationaux et en créant une revue spécialisée française, Musique-Images-Instruments, soutenue par le Ministère de la Culture et le CNRS.
L'ICONOGRAPHIE musicale constitue le deuxième champ disciplinaire présenté dans ce travail. Centrée sur l'étude des représentations de la musique dans les arts visuels en Occident moderne, elle ne concerne pas que l'évolution de l'instrumentarium à travers les images qui en ont été données mais aussi la pratique de la danse et des arts du spectacle.
Si les pionniers de cette discipline au XIXe siècle en France ont consacré leurs travaux au Moyen Age, l'intérêt pour les œuvres du musée du Louvre, pour les portraits de musiciens, pour l'inspiration musicale de certains peintres, se développe progressivement au début du XXe siècle. La figure d'Albert Pomme de Mirimonde (dont les publications s'étendent de 1960 à 1984) est centrale tant il a exploré de thématiques et de collections françaises. Le bilan des travaux français, préparé dans le cadre de ce mémoire, permet de souligner l'intérêt des chercheurs pour certains sujets de prédilection parmi lesquels par exemple les œuvres de Watteau ou de Fantin-Latour.
Que ce soit dans des travaux personnels ou collectifs, nous avons développé au cours des vingt dernières années des thématiques mettant en évidence l'évolution de pratiques et de goûts musicaux particuliers : la mode des instruments champêtres (musettes, vielles à roue, tambourins-bourdons), la signification sociale de la pratique du luth, de la viole et du clavecin. Des portraits de musiciens de premier plan ou moins célèbres ont été analysés, voire identifiés. L'évolution de certains instruments, sur la base des sources visuelles conjuguées aux sources d'archives et musicales, a pu être mise en lumière (notamment l'émergence du cor d'orchestre en France au XVIIIe siècle ou l'évolution des archets). L'encadrement de travaux collectifs (inventaires systématiques des tableaux musicaux du Louvre ; publications d'études régionales) a pu se développer dans des catalogues d'exposition et dans la revue Musique-Images-Instruments dont les 8 volumes déjà parus ont été ouverts à des chercheurs chevronnés et des étudiants avancés. Celle-ci a contribué à une collaboration disciplinaire mêlant travaux d'organologie et d'iconographie musicale et replaçant la contribution des chercheurs français dans un contexte international.
Vorms, Marion Clara. "Théories, modes d'emploi : une perspective cognitive sur l'activité théorique dans les sciences empiriques." Paris 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462403.
Full textPaquet-Vaultier, Estelle. "Syndicalisme et conflits sociaux : une perspective historique et comparative." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL360.
Full textBrie, Marc-André. "La perspective et l'imagination de l'espace selon Erwin Panofsky." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24623/24623.pdf.
Full textBustan, René. "Les relations roumano-hongroises dans la perspective de la construction européenne." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040019.
Full textThe apostolic Kingdom of Pannonia – also known as Hungarian Kingdom – was created on the century 11th and used as a tool of the Holy Germanic Empire’s expansion towards the East. Present Romanian Hungarian relations originate in its settlement and evolution. They represent an atypical case of international European relations and are in keeping with the relations of permanent tension Hungary has always developed towards its northern, eastern and southern neighbouring States. To consider the present as objectively as possible, to have a better understanding of the current turn Romanian Hungarian relations are taking and to discern their future pertinently, recent events needed to be put back in their historical perspective, along two main lines : the continuous process of European construction and the five systems of International Relations which laid its foundations. If Hungarians and Roumanians really want to build the future together, first they will have to get to know each other well, to become closer and closer, to develop fair and democratic relations of co-operation and good neighbourliness, and to share the fruits of such a co-operation equitably. Here lies the whole point concerning past, present and future Romanian Hungarian relations in close connection with the current process of the european political construction and, above all, with the democratic quality of such a process
Bonnet, Florian. "French spatial inequalities in an historical perspective." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E041/document.
Full textThis thesis has a dual purpose. First, it presents the methods used to build two new historical databases relating to departments. The first database provides the departmental lifetables for the period 1901-20-14. The second database provides the departmental distributions of income over the period 1960-2014. Second, this thesis presents the first work resulting from the joint use of these two databases and other statistics: they concern both the dynamics of spatial inequalities and some specific historical events. Thus, the analysis of the spatial distribution of the population since the middle of the 19th century allows to understand the dynamics induced by the rural exodus, but also by the new trends of today's migrations. The analysis of mortality inequalities over the last 200 years shows that inequalities have fallen dramatically since the end of the 19th century, while the geography of excess mortality has changed. Finally, the analysis of spatial income inequalities reveals a continuous decline since the 1920s. This decline occurred only since 1950 spatial inequalities are observed using a synthetic indicator of welfare, combining both mortality inequalities and income inequalities. The thesis ends with the analysis of internal migrations during the Second World War: these migrations were massive, and clearly oriented towards the free zone. These results testify both to the impact of this event on French demography, and to the quest for freedom of the French of that time, little hampered by the demarcation line
Marcaggi, Célia. "Municipalités de canton et regroupement de communes : l'exemple de la Corse dans une perspective historique et comparative." Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0025.
Full textThis research consisted in a study of revolutionary institution, the district municipalities, combining a Corsican local perspective and a comparative approach. Indeed Corsica knows some features related to insularity, historical context and society’s structure. With a strong territorial structure pronounced by Italian influences included the presence of old pieves Corsica maybe a model of territorial adaptation. The island had 345, against 67 pièves in 1788, which means that if these constituencies were held today, Corsica would have five times less commune. (. . . /. . . )
Aucouturier, Étienne. "La guerre biologique : perspective historique et critique." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010565.
Full textMoustafa, Mohamed. "Analyse perspective, rupture et renouvellement de l'analyse des structures de distribution : une analyse managériale et behavioriste de l'industrie des parfums et cosmétiques." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL20013.
Full textStarting from the analysis of the literature devoted to the issue of the evolution of distribution systems, this research puts forward an investigative approach based on the strategy of a firm in the distribution field. A framework of strategic analysis based on the taking into account the firm's objectives, together with the analysis of consumer behaviour has been set up to demonstrate the dual aspects of the evolution of distribution systems and characterising the perceptions and expectations of consumer segments and deducing the development interest of the characteristics of new sales outlets for cosmetic products are vital during the period when they are put onto the French market. A trial to empirically validate the fundamental relations of the model proposed is presented in this paper
Idier, Nicolas. "Pierre Ryckmans (alias Simon Leys, né en 1935) : mise en perspective disciplinaire et apport méthodologique en histoire de l’art et sinologie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040245.
Full textPierre Ryckmans, born in 1935 in Belgium, is famous throughout the world under the pen name of Simon Leys, which he adopted to write a series of essays on Chinese contemporary politics. However, this perspicacious sinologist is first and foremost a great Chinese art historian. His works have opened new methodological and theoretical perspectives: clear definition of this « one more art » that is calligraphy, periodization of painting, the setting of a terminology for aesthetics, all these based not only on the translation of art treaties, but also of several types of texts that are characteristic of Chinese scholars culture: casual literary notes, comments, memories, Chinese canons… The main contribution of Pierre Ryckmans is to have addressed both Classic and Contemporary China through its visual culture, to have succeeded in adapting art history to the specificities of the field and context of production – specificities related to linguistics, philosophy, literature and politics. In the historiography of Chinese art history, Pierre Ryckmans occupies a prominent place, largely influential to the developments of current international research. These construction mechanisms had to be explained. This dissertation thus focuses on the contribution of Pierre Ryckmans to Chinese art history, in order to emphasise the coherence of his methods and the lasting relevance of its results
Boualili, Halima. "Etats et Eglises : perspective historique et comparative." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOD013.
Full textPawlowsky, Alexandra. "Ukrainian Canadian literature in Winnipeg, a socio-historical perspective, 1908-1991." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ32887.pdf.
Full textDo-Huu, Dong. "Perspective éducative de la pensée-action Do-ambivalence." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE2032.
Full textXi, Wang. "La Chine au miroir de la perspective de groupe." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG043.
Full textThe Chinese civilisation is generally likened to a block of stone which has travelled through time. It enjoys a widespread reputation and is itself characterised by an holistic ideology. This summary vision implies incidentally a notion of group, which questions through space and time the existence of a huge group of human identified by its “Sinitic” character.This PhD thesis will interrogate the elements and the historical steps of the construction of a contemporary Chinese nation. It seeks precisely to discern the moment when this group began to perceive as such, and to understand the reasoning behind its conscious and voluntary foundation. In order to reveal these Chinese identities, this anthropological study in politics will break down the barriers of definitions, articulate the different concepts of group, and compare thoroughly different perspectives of some French historical groups and that of Chinese. Driven by the ambition to release the interpretative schemas, sometimes too stereotyped, regarding the history and the politics in modern China, and to propose a renewed understanding, this analytical work pays greater attention on the awareness belonging to the group
Gloria-Palermo, Sandye. "Tradition et rénovation de l'approche autrichienne : une perspective mengerienne." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0041.
Full textThe aim of the dissertation is to surround the essence of the austrian tradition defined as the whole extensions and deepenings of the principles set by menger since 1871. First, we had to specify the fondamental concepts. Of menger's analysis and second, to examine how, these basements evolved through the different generations of austrians authors. Chapter i deals with the mengerian originality, confronted with the rising marginalist stream. Chapter ii analyses the process of absorption through which, since wieser and bohm-bawerk till the interwar period, the mengerian originality was progressively lost within neoclassical economics. Chapter iii studies the circonstances that lead to the rediscovery of mengerian themes, as a consequence of the planning debate. Chapter iv stresses the limits of the different lines of the modern austrian revival. It argues that the approach advocated by lachmann represent the only possible way of developpement for the modern austrian and mengeria tradition. The last chapter deepens the analytical directions such a research programme could take
Gollain, Françoise. "Pensée écologique et critique du travail dans une perspective gorzienne." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE1027.
Full textThis thesis argues the necessity of an eco-socialist critique of work. This critique requires sustained reference to the concept of limits - limits to be imposed on the domination of market ideology productivism and the work ethic because of their destructive impact at both a social and ecological level, and their undermining of the individual's ability to be in control of their everyday life. Hence our rejection of a narrow environmentalist or ecocentric standpoint in favour of a marxist and humanistic approach as found in the perspective of André Gorz. Gorz's writings invite us to place an emancipatory project at the heart of the analysis of the present crisis of work based on a dual representation of society [heteronomy/autonomy (Illich), system/lifeworld (Habermas)], they establish the fundamental dichotomy between work and life due to the functional logic of work in a modem capitalist economy. On this basis, it can be argued that a critique of waged-work must be rooted in a concern for the preservation and extension of people's existential autonomy, as opposed to a mere functional autonomy within work. The study of the most recent developments in work practices precisely reveal that personality is being utilised to an unprecedented level and autonomy is being instrumentalised, alongside a massive and systematic reduction in the global need for labour. We are therefore in favour of a radical transformation towards a post waged-society, to be brought about through a series of reforms : massive and permanent redistribution of labour through a reduction in working hours, a guaranteed minimun income and the development of non marked-based economic practices and alternative forms of social interaction
Philippot, Véronique. "Les gorgones des Petites Antilles : un objet d'étude plurisciplinaire dans une perspective de conservation." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP002/document.
Full textIn the 80's the inventory in situ of the gorgonians in French Lesser Antilles leads to the knowledge of 46 species up to 55 m and six other ones deep. For the first time, five new species have been discovered in these geographical zones. The gorgonians are widespread in the shallow waters. They positively act on the ecosystems but they are not particularly taken into account for conservation of marine areas. However they are of great interest for humans since a long time. The first part of this work is therefore a cultural approach. It consists in describing the evolution in the way of seeing the gorgones. They were scientifically studied from the XVIIIth century and they were afterward noticed by multidisciplinary fields. Ethnological surveys on the users of the sea are interesting but the taxonomic expertise is inevitable for the management issues and researches upon marines ecosystems. Thus, the second part describes the systematic of caribbean gorgonians and submits 1) The sea fans Gorgonia ventalina and G. flabellum and the sister species Pterogorgia anceps and P. citrina are synonymous 2) The rise of the sub-genus Eunicea and Euniceopsis to genus level 3) The description of a new Eunicea species 4) The recognition of species complexes. Each taxonomical feature is analyzed and discussed. Datas of this work are a baseline before local and worldwide changes which affect the landscapes and the marine ecosystems functioning
Defraigne, Jean-Christophe P. L. G. "De l'intégration nationale à l'intégration continentale: analyse de la dynamique d'intégration supranationale européenne et de ses liens avec les changements technologiques des processus de production dans une perspective de long terme." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211359.
Full textRoger, Antoine. "La dynamique du nationalisme roumain, années 1790-années 1990 : une mise en perspective théorique." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40014.
Full textMacadré, Catherine. "Problèmes méthodologiques liés à la comparaison internationale des niveaux de vie dans une perspective historique : application à l'Europe de 1820." Nancy 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN20004.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to indentify the methodological problems in international comparisons of life levels in historical perspective and particularly in Europe in 1820. European societies have undergonedeep changes at the beginning of the XIX's implying various consequences on life levels. This thesis is organized in two parts. The first part compares methodologies of specialists like P. Bairoch and A. Maddison. The second part presents and studies P. Bairoch's physical indicators methodology applied in the Europe at the beginning of the XIX's. Two types of result come out of the first part. Fisrt, we show the importance of the aggregation of the output sets on the basis of Purchasing Power Parities (PPA) to convert the sectoral output value to a common currency. Second, new personal methodologies are satisfactory. Moreover, L. Prado's methodology is particularly effective. The second part emphasises physical indicators like efficient in the determination of life level in 1820. We use wheat , agricultural productivity, consumption of coal, iron and cotton, per capita and a set of demographic data. This macroeconomic is completed by a microeconomic study using prices, nominal and real wages. Finaly, the Huma Development Index (version III) shows that United Kingdom's life level was superior of 30% on the French in 1820
Hong, Ki-Won. "La pensée politique de François Hotman articulée sur une perspective nationale." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32002.
Full textIn studying François Hotman’s political thought, this dissertation focuses on the new intellectual and political movement which was shaping the sixteenth-century France : national sovereignty in the law and in the politics. The need for a national code led the jurist to reject the Justinian Corpus iuris civilis, though he never meant to discard the study of ratio and aequitas, the core of the classical Roman law. National political sovereignty doesn’t permit any interference from the See of Rome. The French royal court occupied by the Lorrains and the Italo-Gaulish worried Hotman over the constitutional tradition of French monarchy, as the controversy with Jean-Papire Masson reveals Hotman’s concerns very clearly
Giuliani, Pierre. "Un sang tragique : Racine, Phèdre et le sang : mise en perspective dramatique." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2007_out_giuliani_p.pdf.
Full textImbued with the qualities that Antiquity and the Renaissance granted them, blood and the imaginary associated with it enjoy great prestige in the seventeenth century. In their respective domains, medicine, cultural anthropology, rhetoric, and belles-lettres bear witness to this status, even if recent discoveries have gradually modified the value judgments made about the ruby-red humor. In the same period of time, French tragedy was undergoing an evolution that is particularly notable in the theater of Jean Racine. Consequently, the analysis of his masterpiece Phèdre, a work that has frequent recourse to the term "blood", offers the opporhmity to rethink questions linked to the dramatic representation of violence and to the use of the passions for moral purposes : it becomes clear that studying the theme of "fatal blood" also has the advantage of being a contribution to the understanding of the classical body in the throes of passion
Vorms, Marion. "Théories, modes d'emploi : une perspective cognitive sur l'activité théorique dans les sciences empiriques." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462403.
Full textSeveno, Caroline. "La cartographie antillaise : genèse, pratiques et usages dans une perspective comparative (France, Angleterre et Espagne, XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010666.
Full textPastureau, Guillaume. "Le microcrédit social : un "argent secours" en perspective historique - Le cas du prêt sur gages au Crédit municipal de Bordeaux." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850450.
Full textBeaudry, Guylaine. "La communication scientifique et la révolution numérique (1969-2009) : analyse d'une période de mutation dans une perspective historique." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE4001.
Full textThe coming of digital technologies constitutes the third revolution of the book. The scientific communication is reinvented at its most general level, as in its minor details. The roles and relations between players of the communication circuits are affected. This thesis proposes an interpretation of the changes in the stakeholders structure, their roles and their relations at the moment of the digital revolution. The comparative historical analysis methodology is used to study the transformations of the scientific communication system. The different functions (production, evaluation, distribution, reception and long term preservation) are analysed at some breaking points in the history. The three points are: the 13th century with the pecia system, the coming of the printing press (15th and 16th centuries) and the advent of the scholarly journal (second half of the 17th). The study of those three important periods in the creation of the modern scientific communication system gives an analysis model for the interpretation of the transition toward the digital world. This thesis shows that the current transformations are not driven by technological determinism. The analysis of technological, but also organisational, editorial and socioeconomical triggers for the four periods, shows the persistence of recurrent themes: information overload, mimetism of expression forms and the constant presence of the trinomial "discourse-message-object" in the creation process of scientific documents
Flores, Zendejas Juan Huitzilihuilt. "Lorsque le leader suit la foule : la crise Baring dans une perspective microéconomique, 1880-1890." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0019.
Full textDjian, Aurelien. "L'horizon comme problème. Contribution à une histoire plurielle de la phénoménologie." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30042/document.
Full textMy work aims at proposing a cartography of the phenomenological uses of the concept of horizon in the 20th century, as well as justifying the idea of a plural history of phenomenology itself. In fact, both issues are intimately related for the main goal is to show the existence of (at least) two alternative versions of phenomenology in the 20th, defined by two radically different conceptual and problematic frames determining two different way of using the term « horizon », and two different histories of this notion. Thus, each version — Heidegger-inspired hermeneutical phenomenology, including Heidegger himself at his « first » and « second » stage, Gadamer, Levinas, Henry, Marion vs. Husserlian phenomenology — is based on a very distinctive conception of what a « phenomenon » is — what is structurally concealed, unconstituted, and founds what structurally shows up, reason why it has to be made hermeneutically manifest (Leben an und für sich, Sein des Seiendes, Sein als Lichtung, life, the Other, giveness) vs. any possible meaningful object constituted as a unity in a multiplicity of any possible consciousness, constitutive correlation whose character of possibility must be grasped as that of an eidetic structure the phenomenologist has to describe — which define the kind of problems and uses of the « horizon » that will be at stake: as for hermeneutical phenomenology, it all starts with Heidegger’s explicitation of the horizon of Leben an und für sich and being and ends up with the further rejection of such a concept, considered as connected to modern metaphysics of subjectivity, by the second Heidegger, Levinas, Henry and Marion, through Gadamer’s attempt to combine the use of the term of « horizon » and a renewed critic of metaphysics; on the other hand, as for Husserl’s phenomenology, the horizon is first considered in Thing and Space as a temporal and intentional synthetic function in virtue of which the unity of the thing is made out of a multiplicity of external perceptions, before its synthetic function is generalized in Ideen I to the constitution of each and every transcendant and immanent objectivity. Then it is precisely such a generalization which, as it defines Husserl’s concept of « phenomenon » itself as a unity constituted in a multiplicity synthesized through an horizon, implies theoretical developments related to phenomenology’s methodical operations — épochè, eidetic reduction and intentional analysis, phenomenological reflexion — in virtue of which such phenomena can be studied, developments we try to follow in the second part of this work. At this point, we are finally led to two main results: first, we’re from now on able to value the differentiated significance of the concept of « horizon » in both versions of phenomenology; secondly, and more importantly, by radically distinguishing those two ways of doing phenomenology, we pave the way to (and justify theoretically) a further appropriation of Husserl’s phenomenology that, more than a century after the publication of Ideen I, is still to be carried out
Arango, Luisa. "Ethnographies de la gestion de l'eau à Tuti (Khartoum, Soudan) et Cano de Loro (Carthagène, Colombie) : histoire, localité et politique dans une perspective d'anthropologie urbaine comparée." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080043/document.
Full textAt the turn of the twentieth century, numerous cities such as Cartagena (Colombia) and Khartoum (Sudan), adopted a centralized technical and administrative model for the management of drinking water. Associated since its construction to planned urban development projects, the water network constitutes a political technology and becomes a landmark of urban spatiality, for politicians as well as for technicians and urban dwellers. The compared analysis of access strategies, daily usage, and the role of water in the imagination of two populations with an ambiguous urban status – Caño de Loro (Cartagena) and Tuti (Khartoum) – allows us to approach the social complexity of contemporary cities in the South. The comparison supposes a reflexive orientation that leads us, over and beyond the socio-political dynamics of each context, to critically consider our categories of analysis. In the first part the water network is contextualized in the history of each city, where its recent apparition and setting up rests upon the reinforcement or creation of dense power relations, as well as a new conception of nature, particularly of water. Such relational and political features lead to, in the second part, an understanding of how the materiality of water and its sharing produces particular localities within the urban space. Therefore, the analysis of relations between public and private spheres through everyday water exchanges lets us discuss the relevance of the notion of “collective management” of resources in Cartagena and Khartoum. The third part considers the mechanisms draw on by different actors within the particular context of urban planning to negotiate their margin of action on land and water. It highlights the political dimension of identity categories as well as the transformative power of individual and collective actions in situations where resource management is crossed with individual, local, national, and global logics at the same time
Frasson-Quenoz, Florent. "La construction de la communauté de sécurité africaine : une perspective africaine." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30015.
Full textThe difficulties met to insure the preservation of the peace and the international security on the African continent constitute a real obstacle to the economic development, a danger for the populations and a serious threat for the survival of States.The classic theoretical tools of the international security having proved insufficient to provide an answer to this issue, our objective is to determine, on the basis of the constructivist approach, whether African States show a real willingness and\or a capacity to build a Security Community (SC) that would be able to overcome these difficulties.In order to do so we question whether a link exists between the production of “speech acts” on the one hand and the promotion and the adoption of pacific regulation norms for conflicts on the other, and we examine the way African States apprehend their relations with other members of the supposed SC.The additional use of the concept of “region” and the adoption of an African perspective allow us to divide the object of study "Africa" into several subsets more propitious to the achievement of a scientific study, and to evaluate the relevance and the meaning of the SC concept when applied to the African field of study
Franchet, d'Espèrey Patrice. "La Formation de l'écuyer et l'histoire de l'équitation entre didactique et initiation : Recherche sur l'apport réciproque du maître, du cheval et de l'élève, à partir de la mise en perspective historique d'un récit de formation." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR2010.
Full textAhmad, Assef. "Les conceptions israéliennes et arabes de la sécurité et de la paix au Proche-Orient dans la perspective du règlement du conflit." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010255.
Full textSpencer, Justina. "Baroque perspectives: looking into Samuel Van Hoogstraten's perspective box." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21966.
Full textCette thèse examine les systèmes visuels qui déforment, inversent et jouent avec les conventions de perspective linéaire. Le principal objet d'analyse est Perspective Box with Views of a Dutch Interior (1655-1660) par Samuel Van Hoogstraten, un travail qui est unique pour son application consommée de trois modes distinctifs de représentation visuelle: perspective linéaire, trompe l'oeil et anamorphisme. En engagé avec la littérature récente sur les théories et pratiques perspective de renaissance et baroque, cette thèse se dispute que la boîte perspective de Van Hoogstraten expose la façon dont les formes baroques de perspective, telles que le trompe l'oeil et anamorphisme, révèlent les mécanismes invisibles de la perspective linéaire de la renaissance par la manipulation de ses méthodes. De cette façon, la boîte perspective interroge, mais n'infirme pas, la structure inéluctable du système de perspective.
Elalouf, Jérémie. "Arts, schématisme et conceptions du monde : le cas de la perspective : Philippe Descola, Erwin Panofsky, Ernst Cassirer, Robert Klein." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H316/document.
Full textDuring the 20th century, perspective illusionism caused significant theoretical issues to art historians. That is because an understanding of perspective leads to a conception of art history. If perspective is true to visual perception, then art can be objective and its history is related to the history of sciences. On the other hand, if perspective is not true to visual perception, then art, in its own historical development, cannot be understood as a quest for objectivity. In this case, two further issues arise: how to conceive the relationship between art and rationality, and how to define the purpose of art? The first problem requires a reflection on the concept of schematism, the second a reflection on the relationship between art and different worldviews. Erwin Panofsky’s essay, Perspective as a Symbolic Form, was the first text to provide a comprehensive answer to these questions. The concept of symbolic form, borrowed from Ernst Cassirer philosophy, allowed him to consider perspective mainly as a cultural form, thus overlooking the issue of objectivity. This position has led to numerous controversies, which have not been overcome by historiographical discussions. By comparing Panofsky’s work with those of Philippe Descola and Ernst Cassirer, this thesis first clarifies the theoretical prerequisites for the relationship between symbolic form, schematism and worldviews. It then provides an analysis of several historiographical controversies and underscores the thinking of Robert Klein. His approach tackles phenomenology and leads to a different conception of history than the one proposed by Panofsky to overcome the issues raised by perspective