Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peste des petits ruminants virus'
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Dash, Pradyot. "Development of reverse genetics for Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522189.
Full textGopilo, Abraham. "Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus in Ethiopia and molecular studies on virulence." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7414/1/gopilo.pdf.
Full textSanz, Bernardo Beatriz. "Control of host innate immune (interferon) responses by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.703281.
Full textGopilo, Abraham Picavet Dominique-Pierre. "Epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus in ethiopia and molecular studies on virulence." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000226.
Full textWoma, Timothy Yusufu. "Epidemiology of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in sheep goats and camels in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53316.
Full textThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
PhD
Buczkowski, Hubert. "Development of marker vaccines for rinderpest (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) viruses." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558958.
Full textBodjo, Sanne Charles. "Etude de la nucleocapside des virus de la peste bovine et peste des petits ruminants : caractérisation moléculaire des interactions protéiques et des sites antigénique." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20073.
Full textMantip, Samuel Elias Lashat. "Molecular characterisation of peste des petits ruminants viruses in sheep and goats from Nigeria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40708.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
unrestricted
Salami, Habib. "Diffusion d'un virus et évolution de son génome dans les populations de ruminants domestiques : application à l'épidémiosurveillance de la "Peste des petits ruminants"." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS155/document.
Full textPeste des petits ruminants (PPR), caused by a Morbillivirus is one of the most important viral infections in sheep and goats. It is widely spread in Asia, Middle East and Africa. In Africa, it is an emerging disease in the north and the south of the continent. It is a major factor of food insecurity for the farming population (70% of the poor population in the tropical regions). PPR is a study model of transboundary diseases; its spread is highly related to regional movements of livestock. Understanding the spread of PPR is an essential condition for the implementation of efficient control measures (vaccination, quarantine, border controls etc.). Up to our knowledge, no studies have investigated the range of genetic diversity of PPR virus (PPRv) during natural infections in small ruminants and the accumulation of virus mutations during its spread. Further on, in tropical countries with extensive farming, animal identification and traceability are a current problem. In such conditions, the genetic diversity of the PPRv can be used as a marker of animal movement and spread of the virus. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the PPRv in order to characterise the actual viral lineages and to retrace the transmission of the virus in Senegal and its surrounding countries. Analyzing two complete viral genes of the PPR, we have estimated the rate of evolution of this virus, in a four year period, between 2010 and 2014. The results of the study show that the first strains of lineage II of PPRv have been introduced in 2005 in Senegal and its surrounding countries. Molecular clock analysis and phylogeographical reconstitution of the PPRv indicate that the lineage II, actually enzootique in western Africa, has its origins in Nigeria. This viral introduction from the direction east towards west, corresponds to the transboundary movement and commerce of livestock in the countries of western Africa, which represents the economic and cultural tradition of the people of this region.Key words: Peste des petits ruminants, viral gene, virus mutation, transmission, phylogeny, phylogéographie, epidemiosurveillance, Senegal, West Africa
Bailey, Dalan. "Development of reverse genetics for peste des petets ruminants virus (PPRV)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494788.
Full textAhmed, Osman Elhag Nussieba [Verfasser]. "Expression studies of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) haemagglutinin and fusion envelope glycoproteins / Nussieba Ahmed Osman Elhag." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073724107/34.
Full textHalecker, Sabrina [Verfasser], and Gerd [Akademischer Betreuer] Sutter. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV): optimization of diagnostic procedures and pathogenesis studies / Sabrina Halecker ; Betreuer: Gerd Sutter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238017223/34.
Full textNizamani, Zaheer Ahmed. "Délivrance in vivo de siRNA et évaluation de leur effet antivirale contre le virus de la peste des petits ruminants (PPRV)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20100/document.
Full textRNA interference (RNAi) is the process of mRNA degradation that is induced by double-stranded RNA in a sequence-specific manner. RNAi has a potential of developing into an effective and specific antiviral therapy if small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be efficiently delivered in vivo. Morbillivirus genus includes important pathogens of humans and animals, which include measles virus, peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and rinderpest virus. No treatment exists for morbillivirus diseases. The aim of this work was the in vivo delivery of siRNA against PPRV infection. The delivery of siRNA by a liposome and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) by means of a replication deficient adenovirus was tested in goats which were later challenged with PPRV. However, significant therapeutic effects were not obtained. To find more efficient vectors, the PPRV inhibition efficiency of recombinant replication deficient adenovirus and a baculovirus expressing shRNA against nucleoprotein of PPRV were compared in vitro. The baculoviral vector was found to be more efficient. Similarly, two cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) were also compared and PepFect6 (PF6) could deliver siRNA NPPRV1 effectively in vitro resulting in an almost complete inhibition of N gene expression by PPRV. Another CPP, the PF14 though with lower transfection efficiency in vitro, was found to be relatively serum resistant compared to PF6. A small animal model for PPRV infection does not exist. Due to economic, ethical, and biosecurity issues involved with use of small ruminants, a strategy based on the use of a non-infectious mouse model and a dynamic follow up of siRNA treatment by live imaging was developed. We show in this work that it is possible to measure and standardize the expression of a bioluminescent reporter gene containing a PPRV sequence and thus, to quantify a down-regulation of such gene by siRNA against PPRV. After some calibration, siRNA delivery can now be tested in this mouse model for comparing various delivery vectors in vivo
Holz, Correia Carine Lidiane. "Dynamique de l’émergence in vitro des mutants d’échappement du virus de la peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) face à l’activité ARN interférente ciblant le gène de la nucléoprotéine : implications pour les stratégies thérapeutiques." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20126.
Full textViruses in the genus Morbillivirus, within the family Paramyxoviridae are responsible for severe humans and animal diseases, including measles, rinderpest (RP) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR). In spite of the existence of efficient vaccines against these diseases, specific treatments to be applied when the infection is already present are desirable. Inhibition of morbillivirus replication can be achieved by RNA interference (RNAi), a mechanism of post-transcriptional gene silencing triggered by small double-stranded RNA (siRNA). The CIRAD previously identified three siRNAs that target conserved regions of the essential gene encoding the viral nucleoprotein and are able to prevent in vitro at least 80% of the replication of measles, RP and PPR viruses . However, a major problem in RNAi is the important risk of emergence of escape mutants. In this study, we investigated the ability of PPR virus to escape the inhibition conferred by single or multiple siRNAs after several consecutive transfections in vitro. Except with the combination of the three different siRNAs, the virus systematically escaped RNAi after 3 to 20 consecutive passages. The mutations were characterized by either single or multiple punctual nucleotide mutations (synonymous or not) or a deletion of a stretch of 6 nucleotides into the siRNA target. These results demonstrate that the genomic plasticity of morbilliviruses, illustrated maily by this significant and no-deleterious deletion in an essential viral gene, should be considered as an obstacle to the use of RNAi in antiviral therapy. However, the combined use of three siRNAs can be proposed to prevent treatment failure with siRNAs
Minet, Cécile. "Contribution au développement d'un vaccin marqué contre la Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) par génétique inverse d'un virus à ARN négatif (Morbillivirus)." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20160.
Full textPeste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is an infectious, contagious and fatal viral disease of goats, sheep and wildlife in sub-Saharan African countries, Middle-East and South-West of Asia. It is caused by a single strand negative RNA virus belonging to the Morbillivirus genus among the Paramyxoviridae family. Current vaccines consist of viral strains attenuated by several passages on cell cultures. These vaccines protect animals against PPR but they are not DIVA vaccines and thus do not permit the distinction between vaccinated and infected animals. However, the manipulation of negative RNA strand by reverse genetics allows the generation of an infectious and marked clone of PPR vaccine strain. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop both a PPR marked vaccine using reverse genetics technology and the associated diagnosis tools. The first task was to adapt the reverse genetics to the PPR virus using the eGFP minigenome model. Then the full genome of PPR vaccine strain 75/1 was assembled in a plasmid after translation of genomic negative RNA in cDNA. Attempts to generate the first recombinant PPRV are ongoing but up to now, we cannot conclude on the presence of an infectious rescued virus. In parallel, different strategies for vaccine marks were also evaluated: deletion of a region of PPRV genome, insertion of foreign genes or substitution by homologous sequence derived from another morbillivirus or a commercial peptide. In the same time, ELISA assays corresponding to the most promising markers were developed
Pope, Robert Alan. "A study of the pathogenesis of peste-des-petits ruminants virus : emphasising changes in tissue tropism with time and varying virulence." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518043.
Full textHaffar, A. "Etude de la proteine de matrice m du virus de la peste des petits ruminants : clonage, sequencage et expression dans le systeme baculovirus." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066231.
Full textKeita, Djénéba. "Utilisation de l’interférence ARN pour l’inactivation post-transcriptionnelle de gènes viraux et le contrôle de la réplication de deux virus animaux in vitro : Morbillivirus (ARN) et Peste Porcine Africaine (ADN)." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20163.
Full textThis work aimed at using the mechanism of RNA interference for the in vitro control of the replication of RNA (Morbillivirus) and DNA viruses (Asfivirus). By bioinformatics and in vitro biological approaches measuring the inhibition of the replication of these viruses in cell culture, target genes and active siRNA were identified. Morbillivirus genus includes important pathogens of human and animals. They include measles virus, peste des petits ruminants virus and rinderpest virus. Nucleoprotein (N) plays an essential role in transcription and replication of Morbilliviruses, therefore we defined siRNA targeting the conserved sequences as defined by multiple alignment of the N gene of these viruses. In the case of the DNA virus studied, African swine fever virus, the objective was determining the role in the viral replication, of four genes present in an area having to be deleted for the carefully thought out attenuation of the virus. . For countries facing these extremely contagious viral diseases, the development of therapeutic vaccines based on siRNA interference is a major progress for animal health, especially for African swine fever against which there is not yet vaccine and having the potential to open the door on new control strategies
Roger, François. "Recherches épidémiologiques et microbiologiques sur une maladie émergente du dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius) dans la Corne de l'Afrique : rôles possibles du virus de la peste des petits ruminants (Paramyxoviridae, Morbillivirus) et de "Streptococcus equi subsp. equi"." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20216.
Full textNikmal, Azizi Ahmad Farid. "Peste des petits ruminants in Afghanistan." Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6823.
Full textDepartment of Clinical Sciences
David S. Hodgson
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important and highly contagious disease of sheep and goats. It is characterized by enteritis, stomatitis, pneumonia, and discharge from the nose and eyes. This report contains a review of PPR and its epidemiology in Afghanistan and other PPR- endemic countries followed by recommendations for dealing disease in Afghanistan. Studies showed that PPR is still endemic in Afghanistan’s neighboring countries including Pakistan, Iran, Tajikistan, and China. From January of 2009 to January of 2010, 852 outbreaks of PPR were reported to the OIE from 24 different countries. However, this study focuses on Afghanistan and some neighboring countries (Iran, Tajikistan). Animal clinics and Veterinary Field Units (VFUs) reported 7,741 cases of PPR from 2008 to 2009 in different parts of Afghanistan. A study by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2009 showed that PPR is endemic in various parts of Afghanistan. Seroprevalence of PPR varied from 0% in Kapisa to 48% in Herat province of Afghanistan. The last chapter of this report includes recommendations and guidelines regarding prevention and eradication of PPR from Afghanistan. These recommendations could help improve animal health and the economy of Afghanistan in the future.
Libeau, Geneviève. "Le diagnostic differentiel experimental de la peste bovine et de la peste des petits ruminants." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066216.
Full textHammami, Pachka. "Peste des petits ruminant en Afrique subsaharienne : modélisation et analyse des stratégies de vaccination dans un contexte de bien public mondial." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT136/document.
Full textPeste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious animal disease. Widespread in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, it has a devastating effect on small ruminants. Small ruminants are essential to sustainable livelihood in developping countries, especially in rural communities. In western Africa, the disease incidence is higher because of the difficulty to control animals movements (transhumance, illegal trade, conflicted areas, etc.) and to settle adapted sanitary actions.A global strategy for the progressive control and the eradication of the disease has been developed by the OIE and FAO. It is based on mass vaccination, with vaccination protocols defined on empirical basis.After a vaccination campaign, the population dynamics is responsible for herd renewal, the proportion of protected individuals (post-vaccinal immunity rate) in the population is decreasing over time (entries of non-vaccinated animals and exits of vaccinated ones). The immunity rate decrease allows to assess to the efficiency of employed vaccination strategies in term of immunity coverage. From a given threshold, the immunity rate can stop the viral transmission. The population renewal has to be estimated carrefully because it varies from one farming system to another. The work described in this manuscript provides an optimization tool of vaccination strategy, supporting decision markers in the formulation of vaccination protocole achiving the best possible immunization coverage in a given socio-economical context.Using the demographic matrix model theory, we developed a seasonal model predicting the immunity rate dynamics in traditional small ruminants livestock of Western African during a vaccination program. We used this model to evaluate different vaccination protocols proposed for Sahelian arid and semi-arid areas, and Soudano-guinean sub-humid and humid areas. Model parameters were estimated from the available data and an exhaustive review of literature.Synthesising indicators of the protocoles efficiency were computed (length of protective immunity, average immunity rate, etc.) and compared.The work described in the manuscript broadly confirmed the protocols proposed by the OIE and FAO. Additionally, this work provides details for the various scenarios. Very high vaccination coverage (>80%) should be reached to protect the population during the whole program. In the Sahelian zone, herds should be vaccinated at the earliest possible from September to optimize the scope of vaccination. We also show that the males offtake increase due to Tabaski and the initial epidemiological situation poorly influences the immunity rate dynamics.Our tool is generic. I can be applied to any infectious disease which has a vaccine providing a lifelong immunity and for which the population dynamics is known. Nevertheless, it could be improved by implementing spatial analysis and disease dynamics
Waret, Agnès. "Surveillance et contrôle de la Peste des Petits Ruminants : apports de la modélisation." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20207/document.
Full textPeste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a neglected viral contagious disease of sheep and goats. It has a widespread distribution that continues to expand despite good diagnostic tests and vaccines. Considering this and with the aim to improve surveillance and control of the disease and to attract funding for this, it would be necessary to develop epidemiological and economic approaches including decision tools such as models. The objective of this work is to contribute to such improvements in an African context where data are hardly available or collecting them is a challenge. Various complementary modeling approaches are reported among which a compartmental model (SEIR), a logistic model and a model based on social network theory. The relevance of very high vaccination levels and of active surveillance based on serology as usually recommended worldwide is discussed for developing countries which are the only ones truly threatened by PPR. In the case of Ethiopia, a passive syndromic surveillance system is being considered, enhancing disease awareness at grazing points. Regarding the spatial and temporal distribution of the vaccination level to be administered, ring vaccination making the best use of the country's topography is suggested to enhance effectiveness of the actual practice that consists of outbreak emergency vaccination when resources are available. Including the ecology of the disease and linking phylogeographical analysis to the existing mathematical models offers interesting perspectives but remains a challenge. However, taking into account socio-economic criteria should be a priority to fine-tune our approach
Gebreegziabher, Berhe. "Development of dual vaccines for the control of peste des petits ruminants and capripox infections of small ruminants." Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000442/.
Full textGebreegziabher, Berhe Picavet Dominique-Pierre. "Development of dual vaccines for the control of peste des petits ruminants and capripox infections of small ruminants." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000442.
Full textDas, Subash Chandra. "Studies on chimeric rinderpest-peste des petits ruminants (RP-PPR) viruses produced using reverse genetics." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327035.
Full textTounkara, Kadidia. "Epidémiologie d'une maladie transfrontalière des petits ruminants (Pestes des Petites Ruminants) à fort impact au Mali." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT068/document.
Full textPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) and Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) caused respectively by a Morbillivirus and a mycoplasma (Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae) are two highly contagious respiratory diseases of small ruminants. PPR is present in Africa, Asia, Middle East, and has just entered Europe. On the African continent, particularly in West Africa, it is emerging and is a major factor of food insecurity for low-income farmers. CCPP, identified in Niger in 1995, is only suspected in Mali on the basis of serological results.PPR is a model for the study of transboundary diseases because its diffusion is closely linked to regional movements of livestock. Understanding this diffusion is an essential condition for the implementation of effective control measures (vaccination, border control, etc.).The aims of our study is to clarify the epidemiological situation of PPR and the CCPP in Mali, including whether these two diseases coexist in order to assess the risk for goat production chains and propose appropriate control strategies.We did not succeed in confirming the presence of the CCPP in Mali. PPR has already been identified in Mali. The aim of our study for PPR is to characterize the genetic diversity and therefore the different lineages that circulate in Mali and, more generally, in the West African sub region by using at first the partial gene of Nucleoprotein of PPRV. We then estimated more accurately the diversity and rate of evolution of the virus in the region from PPRV genomic sequences. Our studies showed that three lineages of PPRV are circulating in Mali and West Africa. The lineage II is dominating and is characterized with a wide genetic diversity and extensive transboundary circulation. We also demonstrate the progression of lineage IV in West Africa and the persistence of lineage I in Mali and Niger (at least until 2001). These results reflect the large flow of uncontrolled livestock trade between all West African countries. In Mali, there is no means of control, traceability and animal identification. The use of genetic diversity as an epidemiological marker is an effective means of controlling the spread of PPR in these West African countries
Comerlato, Juliana. "Contributions au développement de modèles petit animal et cellulaire pour les études de pathogenèse des morbillivirus." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT070.
Full textMorbillivirus genus, a non-segmented negative single-strand RNA (ssRNA) group of viruses, belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and is currently composed of seven species responsible to highly contagious diseases. Morbillivirus infections cause significant mortality in humans, small ruminants, carnivores and in some marine mammals. The available vaccines against morbillivirus infections require usually 7-10 days to induce a protective immunity. After Rinderpest, the first animal disease successfully eradicated, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is the next target for global eradication by 2030.The current vaccine based on the Nigeria 75/1 is fit for purpose for the eradication campaign. However, some improvements can be envisaged to increase efficacy, shorten the time to complete the eradication and reduce costs. For instance, the introduction of a positive/negative marker in the vaccine could allow the Discrimination between Infected and Vaccinated Animals (DIVA strategy), thus enabling the real-time parallel monitoring of infection and vaccination, and rapid elimination of infected animals. Another improvement could be the modification of the current vaccine by reverse genetics to insert a cassette expressing interfering RNA targeting virulent strains of PPR. This therapeutic vaccine would be useful in emergency situations to control the infection over the delay necessary for the acquisition of an efficient vaccine protection. In order to develop and test these new vaccine tools, there is a need for new cell or small animal models to limit experiments with farm animals. In this work, we contributed in the development of in vitro and in vivo murine models to study morbillivirus pathogenesis. The present document is divided in three main chapters: “Identification of a cell model to PPRV pathogenesis studies”; “Construction of a full-length cDNA clone of PPRV with a luciferase reporter gene” and “In vivo evaluation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against morbilliviruses”. In the first chapter the mouse cell line 10T1/2 was challenged with attenuated and wild type PPRV strains using different conditions of goat SLAM expression and type I IFN response. The results showed a restricted permissiveness of 10T1/2 to wild type PPRV, which was independent of goat SLAM receptor and type I IFN response. The second chapter aimed to develop a recombinant PPRV expressing luciferase through reverse genetics methodology. Various strategies to assembling the PPRV genome were established reaching up to the full-length cDNA PPRV-luciferase construction. However, the rescue could not be achieved and the reasons for that are discussed. The last chapter encompassed the evaluation of siRNA as a prophylactic tool against another luciferase recombinant morbillivirus, the measles virus. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed with the recombinant MV (rMV-luc). Whereas in cell lines siRNA showed 100% of antiviral activity against rMV-luc, the validation in vivo, using a human CD46 transgenic mouse model susceptible to measles, failed. In conclusion, this work provides advancements in the development of tools for the study of the pathogenesis of PPRV and other morbilliviruses
Ayari-Fakhfakh, Saïda Emna. "Contribution au développement d’un modèle vaccinal recombinant pour le contrôle des trois infections virales majeures des ruminants, la variole, la PPR et la RVF, adapté à la situation épidémiologique des pays du Maghreb." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20009/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to develop a capripoxvirus based recombinant vaccine against ruminant pox, Rift Valley fever (RVF) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR) considered as a vaccine model for countries affected by these infections. The first part of the work consisted in a serological survey conducted in Tunisia to detect the PPR and RVF presence. A PPR seroprevalence of 7.6% has been found and no antibodies against RVF were detected. However, the risk of infection with rift valley fever virus persists since competent vectors such as Culex pipiens and Culex theileri has been identified in the sampled areas. The development of the RVF-PPR vaccine candidate is based on the NSmGN-FVR and H-PPR gene expression - where each of the genes is inserted into the thymidine kinase and the Interleukin 8 receptor analogue genes, respectively. The vector chosen is the vaccine strain Sheeppox Kenya-1. Although the double recombinant RVF-PPR has been produced, it could not be purified. The alternative was to evaluate the protection and the immunogenicity of the single recombinant capripoxvirus NSmGN-FVR, which is a product of an intermediate step of the process of the double recombinant preparation. The protection of our vaccine candidate has been performed by two mice experiments in Mus m. musculus MBT/Pas, with challenge. The number of doses, the route of administration played a key role in the protection confirmed by the presence of neutralizing anti-RVF antibodies. The study of the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate was conducted in goats without challenge, RVF seroconversion has been shown. Lymphoproliferation studies and lymphocytes subpopulations typing have been analysed
Rolland, Morgane. "Etude des relations phylogénétiques entre les lentivirus des petits ruminants." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21029.
Full textTo facilitate the study of SRLV, we established a GSM T ("goat synovial membrane") cell line by the ectopic expression of telomerase. Cultures of GSM T cells have been passaged over 160 times without showing any phenotypic difference from the original primary GSM cells. Moreover, the immortalized GSM T cells were susceptible to infection by both CAEV and MVV and were able to propagate these viruses. We also optimized a PCR protocol to amplify the SRLV genome as a whole or with two overlapping fragments. To address the genetic diversity and relatedness among SRLV strains worldwide, we applied extensive phylogenetic methods to the sequences available together with our newly characterized sequences from Ireland and Spain. The Irish lentivirus strain, which was isolated from a goat, was more closely related to the lentivirus that infects sheep : MVV. The four Spanish ovine isolates fell in three distinct clusters, which clearly depicted the major genetic variability seen in Spain. Based on the phylogenetic analyses in the gag, pol and env regions, we revise the classification of the SRLV, which could be confidently classified into five clades rather than six as it was previously suggested. Furthermore, we observed that MVV and CAEV sequences could not be phylogenetically distinguished according to their host. Therefore, we propose to group the two viruses more appropriately as SRLV
Da, Silva Teixeira Maria Fatima. "Réplication in vitro des lentivirus des petits ruminants dans des lignées fibroblastiques caprines immortalisées." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO1T157.
Full textRachid, Antoine. "Infections lentivirales chez les petits ruminants domestiques : étude des relations hôte-pathogène et application en diagnostic." Poitiers, 2012. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/25342/2012-Rachid-Antoine-These.pdf.
Full textSmall ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV), including CAEV and VMV, cause slow progressive diseases in sheep and goats. The viral diversity, combined with interspecies transmissions, represent a diagnostic drawback and a potential sanitary issue. In order to gain a better understanding of viral strains circulating in Europe and to improve diagnostic tools, gag and env sequences of ovine and caprine isolates from Poland were characterized. The cocirculation of CAEV and VMV subtypes was reported in both sheep and goats, and two new subtypes, designated A12 and A13, were identified. The antigenic variability among SRLV strains was assessed by ELISA using new Gag/Env multi-epitope recombinant antigens representative of CAEV and VMV strains. The results revealed that antigenic sites of the MA and CA proteins were conserved among subtypes within the same genotype, and to a lesser extent between the two genotypes, whereas conservation of SU epitopes was restricted to strains belonging to either the same genotype or subtype. The risk assessment associated with interspecies transmissions of SRLV was carried out by a comparative analysis of virological and serological features in sheep and goats infected with the same viral variant. Specific hostvirus interactions were found in sheep and goats, including virus replication in blood, kinetic of humoral immune response, and pattern of antibody reactivity towards the MA and CA proteins. On the basis of these data, the Gag/Env multi-epitope recombinant antigens were used to establish ELISA tests for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. Field application of these tests revealed, for the first time, the circulation of a CAEV/VMV recombinant form
Erhouma, Esadk Ali. "Étude génétique des lentivirus des petits ruminants (SRLV) infectant naturellement les bouquetins dans les Alpes française." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10032.
Full textThe small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause persistent infections in domestic sheep and goats worldwide. These viruses and other lentiviruses such as feline immunodeficiency and simian immunodeficiency show propensity for cross-species infection. Lentivirus passages between sheep and goats were demonstrated, however no related viruses have yet been described as indigenous in populations of wild small ruminants. In order to evaluate the risk of contamination of wild small ruminants by SRLV, we studied natural infection of wild ibexes interacting with local goat herds in French Alpes and of goat/ Ibex hybrids. The sequences of the gag gene from two positive ibexes, the hybrids and one of the local goats clustered into a coherent group with only 1 – 2% nucleotide difference, close to CAEV but more distant from MVV. LTR sequences confirm that the viruses studied belong to the CAEV grouped, but, unlike the gag sequences, the LTR sequences of the hybrids and ibexes group in a distinct branch, separate from the local caprine sequences and CAEV-Co. Similarities between the gag sequences from ibexes and hybrids and the sequences from one goat from the same site, suggest viral transfer between the domestic and the wild species has been previously described between goats and sheep. Futhermore, similarities were shown between ibex gag and LTR sequences from the two males from a site and those from a female from an other distant site and temporal study of the gag sequences from hybrids showed evolution from goat-like sequences towards ibex-like sequences. Together, our data show the first evidence of the presence of SRLV in ibexes and suggest that these viruses could constitute a distinct population circulating in some of these wild ungulates
Lefèvre, Pierre-Charles. "Recherches sur la répartition biogéographique de deux virus des petits ruminants sur le continent africain : influence des facteurs écologiques." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120042.
Full textLefèvre, Pierre-Charles. "Recherches sur la répartition biogéographique de deux virus des petits ruminants sur le continent africain influence des facteurs écologiques /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607227n.
Full textAnsari, Mohammad Yunus. "Characterization of an In Vitro Transcription System for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus and Functional Characterization of RNA Triphosphatase Activity of RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase Protein L." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3228.
Full textGebreeziabher, Berhe. "Development of Dual Vaccines for the Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants and Capripox Infections of Small Ruminants." Phd thesis, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7555/1/gebreegziabher.pdf.
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