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Journal articles on the topic 'Peste des petits ruminants virus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Saxena, Shikha, Shishir Kumar Gupta, and Satish Kumar. "Sialic Acid Activated Gold Nanoparticles as Rapid Affordable Reagent for Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus Detection." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 3630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18997.

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Animal health issues are important for farming community in agriculture. Small ruminant populations such as goats and sheep often get affected with contagious diseases. Peste des petits ruminants caused by a virus which need to be detected quickly to isolate affected animals and stop the spread of disease. The H protein of Peste des petits ruminants virus has sialic acid specific receptor, therefore sialic acid reduce and stabilized gold-nanoparticles were synthesize by a simple one pot method and without chemically modifying the sialic acid. The gold nanoparticles showed targetspecific aggregation with viral particles via hemagglutinin-sialic acid binding. The PPR virus was readily detected at the dilution of 10−6 by sialic acid-AuNPs. While comparing with the standard monoclonal antibody based test used for the detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus, sialic acid-AuNPs gave detection faster in less than 2 minute.

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2

El Arbi, Ahmed Salem, Ahmed Bezeid El Mamy, Habib Salami, Ekatarina Isselmou, Olivier Kwiatek, Geneviève Libeau, Yaghouba Kane, and Renaud Lancelot. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Mauritania." Emerging Infectious Diseases 20, no. 2 (February 2014): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2002.131345.

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3

KINNE, J., R. KREUTZER, M. KREUTZER, U. WERNERY, and P. WOHLSEIN. "Peste des petits ruminants in Arabian wildlife." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 8 (January 13, 2010): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809991592.

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SUMMARYRecurrence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was diagnosed in the United Arabian Emirates in several wild ruminants confirmed by morphological, immunohistochemical, serological and molecular findings. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus strain belongs to lineage IV, which is different to some previously isolated PPR strains from the Arabian Peninsula. This study shows that wild ruminants may play an important epidemiological role as virus source for domestic small ruminants.

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4

Sen, Arnab, Paramasivam Saravanan, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan, Kaushal Kishor Rajak, Shashi Bhushan Sudhakar, Veerakyathappa Bhanuprakash, Satya Parida, and Raj Kumar Singh. "Vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus." Expert Review of Vaccines 9, no. 7 (July 2010): 785–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erv.10.74.

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5

Banyard, Ashley C., Zhiliang Wang, and Satya Parida. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Eastern Asia." Emerging Infectious Diseases 20, no. 12 (December 2014): 2176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2012.140907.

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6

Kul, O., N. Kabakci, H. T. Atmaca, and A. Özkul. "Natural Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection: Novel Pathologic Findings Resembling Other Morbillivirus Infections." Veterinary Pathology 44, no. 4 (July 2007): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-4-479.

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The present study describes pathologic and virologic findings in 15 sheep and 6 goats that died of natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection in Turkey. Pathologic findings included erosiveulcerative stomatitis, fibrino-necrotic tracheitis, bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multifocal coagulation necroses in the liver, and severe lymphocytolysis in lymphoid tissues. Syncytial cells were conspicuous, especially in the oral mucosa, pulmonary alveoli, liver, and lymphoid tissues. In addition to the typical tissue distribution, eosinophilic intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusions were observed in epithelial cells lining the renal pelvis and abomasal mucosa. Immunolabeling of the viral antigen was observed in the kidney, brain, rumen, abomasum, heart, and myocytes of the tongue besides its more typical locations. In this study, we report and describe in detail the first peste des petits ruminants endemic in Kirikkale Province, Central Anatolia of Turkey. In conclusion, these previously unreported pathologic findings in natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection establish a basis for resemblance to other morbillivirus infections, such as canine distemper and distemper of sea mammals. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated that the 448-bp genome fragment was amplified in 18 cases (18/21, 85.7%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that viruses belong to lineage 4 in the peste des petits ruminants virus common phylogenetic tree.

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7

Manin, B. L., L. V. Malakhova, A. B. Sarbasov, and N. V. Moroz. "CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN YADK-04 CELLS DURING INTERACTION WITH PESTE DE PETITS RUMINANTS VIRUS." Veterinary Science Today, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2019-2-29-41-45.

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The paper presents experimental study results of the cytopathic effect of peste de petits ruminants virus on a goat gonad continuous cell line (YaDK-04). The interaction of peste de petits ruminants virus with cells at different stages of its reproduction was shown using a combination of phase-contrast and luminescent microscopy. It was found that at the initial stage of interaction (20–24 hours) the cells became rounded and de-adhered, and the monolayer was partially loosened. On day 2 post reproduction the most part of the culture monolayer affected by the virus began to destruct, and the cell nuclei were displaced to periphery. At the terminal stage (72 hours) the destruction of monolayer cells and cytoplasmic matrix, deformation and partial lysis of the nuclei and cytoplasm, aggregation of detritus occurred. At the final stage of reproduction (96 hours) the peste de petits ruminants virus diffused into the culture medium, the fluorescence in the yellow spectrum decreased significantly, but the virus titer reached 6.89 lg TCD50/cm3.

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8

Muniraju, Murali, Muhammad Munir, AravindhBabu R. Parthiban, Ashley C. Banyard, Jingyue Bao, Zhiliang Wang, Chrisostom Ayebazibwe, et al. "Molecular Evolution of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus." Emerging Infectious Diseases 20, no. 12 (December 2014): 2023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2012.140684.

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9

Sghaier, Soufien, Gian Mario Cosseddu, Sonia Ben Hassen, Salah Hammami, Héni Haj Ammar, Antonio Petrini, and Federica Monaco. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Tunisia, 2012–2013." Emerging Infectious Diseases 20, no. 12 (December 2014): 2184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2012.141116.

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10

Wang, Zhiliang, Jingyue Bao, Xiaodong Wu, Yutian Liu, Lin Li, Chunju Liu, Longciren Suo, et al. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Tibet, China." Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, no. 2 (February 2009): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1502.080817.

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11

Durojaiye, O. A., W. P. Taylor, and C. Smale. "The Ultrastructure of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus." Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B 32, no. 1-10 (May 13, 2010): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1985.tb01983.x.

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12

Tounkara, K., Aboubacar Traoré, A. P. Traoré, Souleymane Sidibé, Kassim Samake, B. O. Diallo, and Adama Diallo. "Epidémiologie de la peste des petits ruminants (PPR) et de la peste bovine au Mali : enquêtes sérologiques." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 49, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9495.

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Dans le cadre de l'épidémiosurveillance de la peste bovine au Mali, une enquête sérologique a été conduite dans 58 troupeaux de petits ruminants. Sur 567 sérums analysés pour la détection des anticorps anti-peste bovine, deux seulement se sont révélés positifs. Ils proviennent de deux animaux âgés de plus de 6 ans et donc probablement contaminés lors de la dernière épidémie de peste bovine survenue en 1986. Il est probable que le virus bovipestique ne circule plus au Mali depuis cette date. En revanche, l'infection des chèvres et des moutons avec le virus de la peste des petits ruminants semble être importante : 74 % des troupeaux ont déjà été contaminés. La prévalence de l'infection individuelle est de 32 %. Une enquête sérologique similaire conduite chez 450 bovins dépourvus d'anticorps anti-peste bovine a montré que 1,78 % de ces animaux a été en contact avec le virus PPR. Avec un taux si faible d'infection de bovins, le virus PPR n'a probablement pas d'incidence sur l'épidémiologie de la peste bovine au Mali.

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13

NIEDBALSKI, WIESŁAW, ANDRZEJ FITZNER, KRZYSZTOF BULENGER, and ANDRZEJ KĘSY. "Peste des petits ruminants – crucial challenges for the successful disease eradication." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 78, no. 4 (2022): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6635.

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly infectious and economically important, viral disease of small ruminants caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), which belongs to the genus Morbilivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. PPR control is mostly achieved through vaccination and/or slaughter of susceptible animals coupled with clinical or laboratory-based diagnosis. The control and eventual eradication of PPR is now one of the top priorities for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). In April 2015, the international community agreed on a global strategy for PPR eradication, setting 2030 as a target date for the elimination of the disease. There is a strong and lasting international consensus to eradicate PPR in order to protect the livelihoods of the world’s poorest populations. There are several crucial challenges to the eradication campaign programme: understanding small ruminant production, facilitating research to support the eradication campaign, improvement of laboratory diagnostics, optimizing vaccine delivery and novel vaccines, improving epidemiological understanding of the virus, defining infection of wildlife and other species, developing better control and animal movement, heightening serological monitoring, understanding socio-economic impact, and garnering funding and political actions.

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14

Dundon, William G., Adama Diallo, and Giovanni Cattoli. "Peste des petits ruminants in Africa: a review of currently available molecular epidemiological data, 2020." Archives of Virology 165, no. 10 (July 11, 2020): 2147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04732-1.

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Abstract Small ruminants (e.g., sheep and goats) contribute considerably to the cash income and nutrition of small farmers in most countries in Africa and Asia. Their husbandry is threatened by the highly infectious transboundary viral disease peste des petits ruminants (PPR) caused by peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV). Given its social and economic impact, PPR is presently being targeted by international organizations for global eradication by 2030. Since its first description in Côte d’Ivoire in 1942, and particularly over the last 10 years, a large amount of molecular epidemiological data on the virus have been generated in Africa. This review aims to consolidate these data in order to have a clearer picture of the current PPR situation in Africa, which will, in turn, assist authorities in global eradication attempts.

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15

Donduashvili, Marina, Ketevan Goginashvili, Natela Toklikishvili, Tamar Tigilauri, Lamara Gelashvili, Lasha Avaliani, Natia Khartskhia, et al. "Identification of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Georgia, 2016." Emerging Infectious Diseases 24, no. 8 (August 2018): 1576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2408.170334.

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16

Kwiatek, Olivier. "Asian Lineage of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Africa." Emerging Infectious Diseases 17, no. 7 (July 2011): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1707.101216.

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17

Khandelwal, Nitin, Gurpreet Kaur, Kundan Kumar Chaubey, Pushpendra Singh, Shalini Sharma, Archana Tiwari, Shoor Vir Singh, and Naveen Kumar. "Silver nanoparticles impair Peste des petits ruminants virus replication." Virus Research 190 (September 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.011.

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18

Dhar, Pronab, B. P. Sreenivasa, Thomas Barrett, Mandy Corteyn, R. P. Singh, and S. K. Bandyopadhyay. "Recent epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)." Veterinary Microbiology 88, no. 2 (August 2002): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00102-5.

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19

NIEDBALSKI, WIESŁAW. "Progress in vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 79, no. 02 (2024): 6747–2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6747.

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease of both domestic (goats and sheep) and wild small ruminants. Due to the devastating effect of this disease on livestock and livelihoods, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) endorsed the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR (PPR GCES) and launched the PPR Global Eradication Programme (PPR GEP) to eradicate PPRV by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, a potent, safe and efficacious live-attenuated PPR vaccine with long-lasting immunity is available for immunoprophylaxis. However, the live-attenuated PPR vaccines are thermolabile and require maintenance of an effective cold chain to deliver to the field. In addition, infected animals cannot be differentiated from vaccinated ones (DIVA). To overcome these limitations, some new generation PPR vaccines have been developed: poxvirus vaccine, positive and negative marker vaccine through reverse genetic approach, chimeric vaccine, anti-idiotypic vaccine, subunit vaccine, virus-like particles vaccine, edible vaccine and combined vaccines. Novel recombinant PPR DIVA vaccines were evaluated in goats for safety and efficacy, and all vaccinated animals were clinically protected against an intranasal PPRV challenge. Furthermore, newly developed ELISAs were capable of differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals. Therefore, these DIVA vaccines and the associated tests can facilitate the serological monitoring process and speed up global PPR eradication through vaccination.

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20

Gari, Getachew, Biressaw Serda, Dejene Negesa, Fethu Lemma, and Hagos Asgedom. "Serological Investigation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants in East Shewa and Arsi Zones, Oromia Region, Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine International 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9769071.

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Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is an economically important disease of small ruminants with a rapidly expanding geographical distribution. There are fragmented reports to the occurrence and distribution of the disease in Ethiopia. A total of 700 serum samples were collected from goats and sheep to detect the presence of antibody against PPR virus using Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (C-ELISA). An overall PPR seropositivity was reported to be 48.43% in the area. There is no statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence of the disease between sheep and goats (50.85% and 46.68%), respectively. However, there was statistically significant variation (P<0.05) in the seroprevalence of the disease in young (33.9%) and adult (55.8%) age categories. The seroprevalence in male and female was 42.07% and 50.09%, respectively, where the variation was statistically not significant (P>0.05). High seroprevalence of Peste des petites ruminants in the study area indicated the virus circulation and endemicity of the disease. The disease causes substantial economic losses by affecting the livelihood of the farmers. Therefore, control measures should be put in place to minimize the loss associated with the disease.

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Chowdhury, Emdadul Haque, Preyangkar Kundu, Jahan Ara Begum, Tusar Chowdhury, Mushfiqur Rahman, Afia Khatun, Shib Shankar Saha, Mohammed Nooruzzaman, Rokshana Parvin, and Mohammad Rafiqul Islam. "Peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in domestic large ruminants in Bangladesh." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 16, no. 02 (February 28, 2022): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.15189.

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Introduction: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important transboundary animal disease of small ruminants which causes serious damage to the livelihood and food security of millions of small-scale farmers. PPR is endemic in goats in Bangladesh since 1993. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of PPR in sheep, cattle, and buffaloes in Bangladesh. Methodology: A total of 434 blood samples from sheep (n = 100), cattle (n = 190) and buffalo (n = 144) were collected aseptically. Sera were separated and antibody titer was determined using a commercially available c-ELISA kit. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 16% and 3.68% in sheep and cattle, respectively, while buffaloes had a considerably higher seroprevalence of 42.36%. The study suggests that buffaloes are more prone to the PPR virus (PPRV) infection and cattle. Conclusions: This study provides serological evidence of PPRV infection in cattle and buffaloes. These results may warrant further studies to find out the role of large ruminants in transmitting PPRV infection to small ruminants and vice versa and inclusion of all domestic and wild ruminants for regular surveillance program.

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22

Kumar, Naveen, Sunil Maherchandani, Sudhir Kashyap, Shoor Singh, Shalini Sharma, Kundan Chaubey, and Hinh Ly. "Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection of Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review." Viruses 6, no. 6 (June 6, 2014): 2287–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6062287.

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23

Schulz, Claudia, Christine Fast, Ulrich Wernery, Jörg Kinne, Sunitha Joseph, Kore Schlottau, Maria Jenckel, et al. "Camelids and Cattle Are Dead-End Hosts for Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants Virus." Viruses 11, no. 12 (December 8, 2019): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11121133.

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Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a severe respiratory disease in small ruminants. The possible impact of different atypical host species in the spread and planed worldwide eradication of PPRV remains to be clarified. Recent transmission trials with the virulent PPRV lineage IV (LIV)-strain Kurdistan/2011 revealed that pigs and wild boar are possible sources of PPRV-infection. We therefore investigated the role of cattle, llamas, alpacas, and dromedary camels in transmission trials using the Kurdistan/2011 strain for intranasal infection and integrated a literature review for a proper evaluation of their host traits and role in PPRV-transmission. Cattle and camelids developed no clinical signs, no viremia, shed no or only low PPRV-RNA loads in swab samples and did not transmit any PPRV to the contact animals. The distribution of PPRV-RNA or antigen in lymphoid organs was similar in cattle and camelids although generally lower compared to suids and small ruminants. In the typical small ruminant hosts, the tissue tropism, pathogenesis and disease expression after PPRV-infection is associated with infection of immune and epithelial cells via SLAM and nectin-4 receptors, respectively. We therefore suggest a different pathogenesis in cattle and camelids and both as dead-end hosts for PPRV.

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Njeumi, Felix, Dalan Bailey, Jean Jacques Soula, Bouna Diop, and Berhe G. Tekola. "Eradicating the Scourge of Peste Des Petits Ruminants from the World." Viruses 12, no. 3 (March 15, 2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030313.

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Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of both domestic (goats and sheep) and wild ruminants. Caused by a morbillivirus, that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. The disease is clinically and pathologically similar to rinderpest of cattle and human measles. PPR is one of the most economically devastating viral diseases of small ruminants. In April 2015, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) launched the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy (PPR GCES) with the vision for global eradication by 2030. There is a strong and lasting international consensus to eradicate the disease in order to protect the livelihoods of the world’s poorest populations. As with any disease, eradication is feasible when, policy, scientific and technical challenges are addressed. Ten majors challenges are described in this paper namely: understanding small ruminant production, facilitating research to support eradication, refining laboratory testing, improving epidemiological understanding of the virus, defining infection of wildlife and other species, optimizing vaccine delivery and novel vaccines, developing better control of animal movement, heightening serological monitoring, understanding socio-economic impact, and garnering funding and political will.

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Mdetele, Daniel Pius, Erick Komba, Misago Dimson Seth, Gerald Misinzo, Richard Kock, and Bryony Anne Jones. "Review of Peste des Petits Ruminants Occurrence and Spread in Tanzania." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 1698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061698.

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important transboundary animal disease of domestic small ruminants, camels, and wild artiodactyls. The disease has significant socio-economic impact on communities that depend on livestock for their livelihood and is a threat to endangered susceptible wild species. The aim of this review was to describe the introduction of PPR to Tanzania and its subsequent spread to different parts of the country. On-line databases were searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature, formal and informal reports were obtained from Tanzanian Zonal Veterinary Investigation Centres and Laboratories, and Veterinary Officers involved with PPR surveillance were contacted. PPR virus (PPRV) was confirmed in northern Tanzania in 2008, although serological data from samples collected in the region in 1998 and 2004, and evidence that the virus was already circulating in Uganda in 2003, suggests that PPRV might have been present earlier than this. It is likely that the virus which became established in Tanzania was introduced from Kenya between 2006–7 through the cross-border movement of small ruminants for trade or grazing resources, and then spread to eastern, central, and southern Tanzania from 2008 to 2010 through movement of small ruminants by pastoralists and traders. There was no evidence of PPRV sero-conversion in wildlife based on sera collected up to 2012, suggesting that they did not play a vectoring or bridging role in the establishment of PPRV in Tanzania. PPRV lineages II, III and IV have been detected, indicating that there have been several virus introductions. PPRV is now considered to be endemic in sheep and goats in Tanzania, but there has been no evidence of PPR clinical disease in wildlife species in Tanzania, although serum samples collected in 2014 from several wild ruminant species were PPRV sero-positive. Similarly, no PPR disease has been observed in cattle and camels. In these atypical hosts, serological evidence indicates exposure to PPRV infection, most likely through spillover from infected sheep and goats. Some of the challenges for PPRV eradication in Tanzania include movements of small ruminants, including transboundary movements, and the capacity of veterinary services for disease surveillance and vaccination. Using wildlife and atypical domestic hosts for PPR surveillance is a useful indicator of endemism and the ongoing circulation of PPRV in livestock, especially during the implementation of vaccination to control or eliminate the disease in sheep and goats. PPR disease has a major socio-economic impact in Tanzania, which justifies the investment in a comprehensive PPRV eradication programme.

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Berhe, G., C. Minet, C. Le Goff, T. Barrett, A. Ngangnou, C. Grillet, G. Libeau, M. Fleming, D. N. Black, and A. Diallo. "Development of a Dual Recombinant Vaccine To Protect Small Ruminants against Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants Virus and Capripoxvirus Infections." Journal of Virology 77, no. 2 (January 15, 2003): 1571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.2.1571-1577.2003.

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ABSTRACT A recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine containing a cDNA of the peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) fusion protein gene was constructed. A quick and efficient method was used to select a highly purified recombinant virus clone. A trial showed that a dose of this recombinant as low as 0.1 PFU protected goats against challenge with a virulent PPRV strain.

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Abdel-Rady, A. "Molecular diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPR) in goats and sheep populations." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 73, no. 3 (November 9, 2022): 4627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28142.

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important viral disease of goats and sheep. The disease is confused clinically with other infections such as the mild strain of rinderpest in small ruminants. Effective control measures for PPR need that a proper and rapid diagnostic technique of disease. Therefore, the use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect suspected field samples collected from diseased goats and sheep in Dammam city, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia (KSA) has helped to give an effective diagnosis that was needed to control measure of the spread of the disease. This assay is based on the rapid purification of RNA on glass beads followed by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The primers (NP3/NP4) were used to amplify specifically a fragment of about 350 bp, that technique has a more specific and sensitive method for rapid diagnosis of disease.Key words: Peste des petits ruminants virus; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; diagnosis; goats; sheep

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Akanbi, Olatunde Babatunde, Kati Franzke, Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji, Reiner Ulrich, and Jens Peter Teifke. "Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus and Goatpox Virus Co-Infection in Goats." Veterinary Pathology 57, no. 4 (May 26, 2020): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985820926954.

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Infection of small ruminants with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and goatpox virus (GTPV) are endemic and can have devastating economic consequences in Asia and Africa. Co-infection with these viruses have recently been reported in goats and sheep in Nigeria. In this study, we evaluated samples from the lips of a red Sokoto goat, and describe co-infection of keratinocytes with PPRV and GTPV using histopathology and transmission electron microscopy. Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were identified histologically, and ultrastructural analysis revealed numerous large cytoplasmic viral factories containing poxvirus particles and varying sizes of smaller cytoplasmic inclusions composed of PPRV nucleocapsids. These histopathological and ultrastructural findings show concurrent infection with the 2 viruses for the first time as well as the detection of PPRV particles in epithelial cells of the mucocutaneous junction of the lip.

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Li, Pengfei, Zixiang Zhu, Xiangle Zhang, Wen Dang, Linlin Li, Xiaoli Du, Miaotao Zhang, et al. "The Nucleoprotein and Phosphoprotein of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Inhibit Interferons Signaling by Blocking the JAK-STAT Pathway." Viruses 11, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11070629.

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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is associated with global peste des petits ruminants resulting in severe economic loss. Peste des petits ruminants virus dampens host interferon-based signaling pathways through multiple mechanisms. Previous studies deciphered the role of V and C in abrogating IFN-β production. Moreover, V protein directly interacted with signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT2 resulting in the impairment of host IFN responses. In our present study, PPRV infection inhibited both IFN-β- and IFN-γ-induced activation of IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) and IFN-γ-activated site (GAS) element, respectively. Both N and P proteins, functioning as novel IFN response antagonists, markedly suppressed IFN-β-induced ISRE and IFN-γ-induced GAS promoter activation to impair downstream upregulation of various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and prevent STAT1 nuclear translocation. Specifically, P protein interacted with STAT1 and subsequently inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation, whereas N protein neither interacted with STAT1 nor inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation as well as dimerization, suggesting that the N and P protein antagonistic effects were different. Though they differed in their relationship to STAT1, both proteins blocked JAK-STAT signaling, severely negating the host antiviral immune response. Our study revealed a new mechanism employed by PPRV to evade host innate immune response, providing a platform to study the interaction of paramyxoviruses and host response.

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Cosseddu, Gian Mario, Chiara Pinoni, Andrea Polci, Tesfaalem Sebhatu, Rossella Lelli, and Federica Monaco. "Characterization of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Eritrea, 2002–2011." Emerging Infectious Diseases 19, no. 1 (January 2013): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1901.121072.

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Wang, Jingfei, Miao Wang, Shida Wang, Zaisi Liu, Nan Shen, Wei Si, Gang Sun, Julian A. Drewe, and Xuehui Cai. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Heilongjiang Province, China, 2014." Emerging Infectious Diseases 21, no. 4 (April 2015): 677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2104.141627.

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Munir, Muhammad, Siamak Zohari, Roland Suluku, Neil LeBlanc, Saidu Kanu, Francis A. R. Sankoh, Mikael Berg, Mohamed L. Barrie, and Karl Ståhl. "Genetic Characterization of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Sierra Leone." Emerging Infectious Diseases 18, no. 1 (January 2012): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1801.111304.

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Anees, Muhammad, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir, Khushi Muhammad, Jawad Nazir, Muhammad Abu Bakar Shabbir, Jonas J. Wensman, and Muhammad Munir. "Genetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from Pakistan." BMC Veterinary Research 9, no. 1 (2013): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-60.

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Marashi, Mahmoud, Siamak Masoudi, Majid Kharazian Moghadam, Hossein Modirrousta, Mahyar Marashi, Masoumeh Parvizifar, Majid Dargi, et al. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Vulnerable Wild Small Ruminants, Iran, 2014–2016." Emerging Infectious Diseases 23, no. 4 (April 2017): 704–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2304.161218.

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Munir, Muhammad. "Rinderpest and Peste des Petits Ruminants: Virus Plagues of Large and Small Ruminants." Emerging Infectious Diseases 16, no. 12 (December 2010): 2024a—2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1612.100923.

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Khan, Haider Ali, Muhammad Siddique, Muhammad Abubakar, Muhammad Javed Arshad, and Manzoor Hussain. "Prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus infection in small ruminants." Small Ruminant Research 79, no. 2-3 (October 2008): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.07.021.

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Abubakar, M., M. Mahapatra, M. Muniraju, M. J. Arshed, E. H. Khan, A. C. Banyard, Q. Ali, and S. Parida. "Serological Detection of Antibodies to Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Large Ruminants." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 64, no. 2 (July 22, 2015): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12392.

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Khan, H., M. Siddique, Q. Ali, and M. Akhtar. "Prevalence and Distribution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection in Small Ruminants." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 12 (December 2008): e134-e135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.335.

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Murr, Magdalena, Bernd Hoffmann, Christian Grund, Angela Römer-Oberdörfer, and Thomas C. Mettenleiter. "A Novel Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Vectored DIVA Vaccine against Peste des Petits Ruminants in Goats." Vaccines 8, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020205.

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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV, species: small ruminant morbillivirus) is the causative agent of the eponymous notifiable disease, the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in wild and domestic sheep and goats. Mortality rates vary between 50% and 100%, causing significant losses of estimated 1.5 to 2 billion US Dollars per year. Live-attenuated PPRV vaccine strains are used in the field for disease prevention, but the application of a more thermostable vaccine enabling differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA) would be highly desirable to achieve the goal of global disease eradication. We generated a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) based on the live-attenuated NDV Clone 30 that expresses the surface protein hemagglutinin (H) of PPRV strain Kurdistan/11 (rNDV_HKur). In vitro analyses confirmed transgene expression as well as virus replication in avian, caprine, and ovine cells. Two consecutive subcutaneous vaccinations of German domestic goats with rNDV_HKur prevented clinical signs and hematogenic dissemination after an intranasal challenge with virulent PPRV Kurdistan/11. Virus shedding by different routes was reduced to a similar extent as after vaccination with the live-attenuated PPRV strain Nigeria 75/1. Goats that were either not vaccinated or inoculated with parental rNDV were used as controls. In summary, we demonstrate in a proof-of-concept study that an NDV vectored vaccine can protect against PPR. Furthermore, it provides DIVA-applicability and a high thermal tolerance.

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Khan, MR, MG Haider, KJ Alam, MG Hossain, SMZH Chowdhury, and MM Hossain. "PATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS (PPR) IN GOATS." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 3, no. 2 (July 23, 2012): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v3i2.11380.

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In pathological investigation of peste des petits ruminants (PPR), a total of 11 Black Bengal goats of both sexes about 6-12 months old were included. Six goats out of 11 were suspected to be of natural infection with PPR and 5 goats used for experimentation. Four experimental goats out of 5 were inoculated with PPR virus isolated from natural outbreak and one was used as uninoculated control. The diagnosis of PPR virus infection both in natural outbreak and experimental cases were based on clinical signs, gross pathology, histopathology and ELISA test for confirmation of the PPR virus. Clinical signs included anorexia, depression, fever (106 ± 1°F), oculonasal discharges, diarrhoea with soiled hind quarter, sunken eyes, coughing, respiratory distress and prostration and/or death in natural cases. In experimental infection the goats showed the 5 phases of PPR virus infection cycle which included varying incubation period, prodromal phase, pneumonic phase, diarrhoeic phase and prostration and/or death. Average duration of incubation period was 4 days, prodromal phase 3 days, the pneumonic phase and diarrhoeic phase started at day 5 and 7 of inoculation, respectively and continued till death. Necropsy of both natural and experimental goats revealed stomatitis, congested and/or consolidated pneumonic lungs, generalized enlargement of lymphnodes accompanied with necrosis and congestion of some lymphnodes, atrophied congested spleen and haemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Congestion of the urinary bladder, uterus and vagina in experimental goats and intestinal intussusception in dead goats of natural infection were also found. Histopathological study of both natural and experimental cases revealed congestion and edema of lungs in some cases but in other cases there were network of fibrin infiltrated with neutrophils, formation of syncytia, gaint cell and presence of pink color bacterial colony. There was infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells within the alveoli, bronchioles, alveolar wall and interstitium of lungs. Lymphoid organs showed necrosis and depletion of lymphoid cell; congestion, morionuclear and neutrophilic infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa of the abomasum, intestine, uterus and urinary bladder; loss of intestinal villi; congestion of cortical blood vessels and glomeruli of kidneys were recorded. Samples of both natural and experimental cases were confirmed as PPR by ELISA test. In this investigation, it was observed that clinical signs, gross and microscopic findings were more severe in experimental PPR infected cases than that of natural cases.

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Saeed, Intisar Kamil, Moez Abdulrahman Haj, Sahar Mohamed Alhassan, Shaza Mohamed Mutwakil, Baraa Ahmed Mohammed, Khalid Mohammed Taha, Genevieve Libeau, Adama Diallo, Yahia Hassan Ali, and Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla. "A study on transmission of Peste des petits ruminants virus between dromedary camels and small ruminants." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 16, no. 02 (February 28, 2022): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.14947.

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Introduction: In recent years Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease caused several epidemics in a wide range of susceptible hosts. The ability of the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) to cross the species barrier necessitates further research, particularly on disease circulation and cross-species transmission between typical and atypical hosts to guide and facilitate the eradication program anticipated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) in 2030. The aim of this study is to explore the role of dromedary camels as transmitters for PPR. Methodology: Four experiments were carried out on clinically healthy seronegative camels, sheep and goats. In experiment I, the animals were inoculated with a PPR- positive suspension of camel pneumonic lung homogenate. In the other three experiments either sheep and goats were inoculated and after three days were housed with camels or vice versa. Results: Marked clinical signs suggestive of PPR were seen in sheep and goats while camels showed mild infection. Severe clinical signs of PPR were seen in sheep and goats when kept with inoculated camels. Postmortem examination revealed PPR lesions in all inoculated animals including camels. Conclusions: This study showed that dromedary camels infected with PPRV can transmit the disease to sheep and goats, even when they developed mild clinical signs.

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Giridharan, P., S. Kaushik, and Y. Krishnamohan Reddy. "Immune response to Peste des petits ruminants virus Vaccine in goats." Indian Journal of Small Ruminants (The) 25, no. 2 (2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9718.2019.00031.x.

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Li, Lingxia, Jinyan Wu, Xiaoan Cao, Jijun He, Xiangtao Liu, and Youjun Shang. "Analysis and Sequence Alignment of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus ChinaSX2020." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 11 (November 22, 2021): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8110285.

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The peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) mainly infects goats and sheep and causes a highly contagious disease, PPR. Recently, a PPRV strain named ChinaSX2020 was isolated and confirmed following an indirect immunofluorescence assay and PCR using PPRV-specific antibody and primers, respectively. A sequencing of the ChinaSX2020 strain showed a genome length of 15,954 nucleotides. A phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the ChinaSX2020 genome was classified into lineage IV of the PRRV genotypes. The genome of the ChinaSX2020 strain was found to be closely related to PPRVs isolated in China between 2013 and 2014. These findings revealed that not a variety of PRRVs but similar PPRVs were continuously spreading and causing sporadic outbreaks in China.

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Amirbekov, M., A. O. Abdulloev, M. Anoyatbekov, A. M. Gulyukin, and A. D. Zaberezhny. "Incidence and identification of peste des petits ruminants virus in Tajikistan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 548 (September 2, 2020): 072071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/548/7/072071.

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Libeau, Geneviève, Adama Diallo, and Satya Parida. "Evolutionary genetics underlying the spread of peste des petits ruminants virus." Animal Frontiers 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/af.2014-0003.

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Şevik, Murat, and Ahmet Sait. "Genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus, Turkey, 2009–2013." Research in Veterinary Science 101 (August 2015): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.005.

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Zhang, Yongning, Shaoqiang Wu, Jizhou Lv, Chunyan Feng, Junhua Deng, Caixia Wang, Xiangfen Yuan, Tianyi Zhang, and Xiangmei Lin. "Peste des petits ruminants virus exploits cellular autophagy machinery for replication." Virology 437, no. 1 (March 2013): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2012.12.011.

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Nanda, Y. P., A. Chatterjee, A. K. Purohit, A. Diallo, K. Innui, R. N. Sharma, G. Libeau, et al. "The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from Northern India." Veterinary Microbiology 51, no. 3-4 (August 1996): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(96)00025-9.

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Getachew, Belayneh, Vikramaditya Upmanyu, Adil Anamul Haq, Ramasamy Santhamani, Kaushal Kishor Rajak, Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan, Shishir Kumar Gupta, et al. "Monoclonal antibody resistant mutant of Peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus." VirusDisease 29, no. 4 (August 21, 2018): 520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13337-018-0483-z.

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Shatar, Munkhduuren, Buyantogtokh Khanui, Dulam Purevtseren, Bodisaikhan Khishgee, Angelika Loitsch, Hermann Unger, Tirumala B. K. Settypalli, Giovanni Cattoli, Batchuluun Damdinjav, and William G. Dundon. "First genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus from Mongolia." Archives of Virology 162, no. 10 (June 30, 2017): 3157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3456-4.

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