Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pesticides – Synthesis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pesticides – Synthesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

1

Amin, Hadear Hanie. "Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Ulva lactuca as a safe synthetic pesticide (in vitro)." Open Agriculture 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2020): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0032.

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AbstractIn this era, we must synthesize safe pesticides from inexpensive sources to avoid the diseases caused by most of the previously used pesticides. Therefore, nanotechnology was used to produce biologically synthesis pesticides from very cheap sources such as seaweed, especially green algae, as it is safe to synthesize a pesticide against various pests such as bacteria and fungi that affect various agricultural crops. Ulva lactuca is used for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by a bottom-up bioreduction reaction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) observed by the formation of brown color. The biosynthesis reaction has been proven by using UV-VIS, FT-IR, EDAX, SEM, TEM, and DSC-TGA and has been tested against a wide range of bacteria and fungi that affect plants, poultry, fish, rabbits, animals, and humans. Antioxidant activity was also determined. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have proven to be good and safe synthetic pesticides. The results of the spectroscopy demonstrated the success of the biological synthesis of the pesticide. Also, the results of the antimicrobial activity demonstrated the success of the pesticide that was biologically synthesized to fight bacteria and fungi that cause different diseases of different agricultural crops and should be used as a safe synthetic pesticide.
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Utzeri, Gianluca, Luis Verissimo, Dina Murtinho, Alberto A. C. C. Pais, F. Xavier Perrin, Fabio Ziarelli, Tanta-Verona Iordache, Andrei Sarbu, and Artur J. M. Valente. "Poly(β-cyclodextrin)-Activated Carbon Gel Composites for Removal of Pesticides from Water." Molecules 26, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051426.

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Pesticides are widely used in agriculture to increase and protect crop production. A substantial percentage of the active substances applied is retained in the soil or flows into water courses, constituting a very relevant environmental problem. There are several methods for the removal of pesticides from soils and water; however, their efficiency is still a challenge. An alternative to current methods relies on the use of effective adsorbents in removing pesticides which are, simultaneously, capable of releasing pesticides into the soil when needed. This reduces costs related to their application and waste treatments and, thus, overall environmental costs. In this paper, we describe the synthesis and preparation of activated carbon-containing poly(β-cyclodextrin) composites. The composites were characterized by different techniques and their ability to absorb pesticides was assessed by using two active substances: cymoxanil and imidacloprid. Composites with 5 and 10 wt% of activated carbon showed very good stability, high removal efficiencies (>75%) and pesticide sorption capacity up to ca. 50 mg g−1. The effect of additives (NaCl and urea) was also evaluated. The composites were able to release around 30% of the initial sorbed amount of pesticide without losing the capacity to keep the maximum removal efficiency in sorption/desorption cycles.
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Elabasy, Asem, Ali Shoaib, Muhammad Waqas, Mingxing Jiang, and Zuhua Shi. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Pesticidal Activity of Emamectin Benzoate Nanoformulations against Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)." Molecules 24, no. 15 (August 1, 2019): 2801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152801.

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Using nanotechnology to develop new formulations of pesticides is considered a possible option in enhancing the efficiency, safety, and photostability of pesticides under various climatic conditions. In the present study, two novel nanoformulations (NFs) were successfully prepared based on nano-delivery systems for emamectin benzoate (EMB) by loading it on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SNPs) as carriers through a freeze-drying method. The synthesized nanoformulations were examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results showed that SNPs and CNCs had a loading efficiency of 43.31% and 15.04% (w/w) for EMB, respectively, and could effectively protect EMB from photolysis under UV radiation. The LC50 values for EMB + SNPs, EMB + CNCs, and EMB commercial formulation against Phenacoccus solenopsis were 0.01, 0.05, and 0.31 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that both NFs were more effective than the EMB commercial formulation. This work seeks to develop new nano-carriers for potential applications of pesticides in plant protection, which will reduce the recommended dose of pesticides and thereby decrease the amount of pesticide residue in food and the environment.
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Cekovic, Zivorad. "Natural products for plant protection." Chemical Industry 60, no. 5-6 (2006): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0606113c.

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The advantage applying natural products, such as a secondary metabolites, in plant protection is shortly presented. Acceptable solutions for the enhanced ecological criteria, which are requested by the users of pesticides and consumers of agricultural goods, could be the replacement of classical pesticides by natural products in plant protection. Some natural products are already in use as insecticides, herbicides and fungicides because new biotechnological processes, fermentation and biotransformations provide procedures for their industrial production. In addition to biotechnical processes natural compounds possessing pesticide activities are also prepared by chemical synthesis. An active secondary metabolite must first be isolated from natural sauces and then, based on biological toxicological and ecological studies, acceptable compounds are selected for laboratory and industrial chemical synthesis. Several compounds possessing insecticidal, herbicidal and fungicidal activities, which have been successfully applied for plan protection are presented.
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Sponsler, Douglas B., Christina M. Grozinger, Claudia Hitaj, Maj Rundlöf, Cristina Botías, Aimee Code, Eric V. Lonsdorf, et al. "Pesticides and pollinators: A socioecological synthesis." Science of The Total Environment 662 (April 2019): 1012–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.016.

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Zhi, Heng, Manli Yu, Junwei Yao, Changjiao Sun, Bo Cui, Xiang Zhao, Yan Wang, Haixin Cui, and Zhanghua Zeng. "A Facile Approach to Increasing the Foliage Retention of Pesticides Based on Coating with a Tannic Acid/Fe3+ Complex." Coatings 10, no. 4 (April 6, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10040359.

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The effective utilization of many conventional pesticide formulations is less than 30%, which can increase the environmental impact of these substances. This degree of waste could be reduced by improving the adhesion of pesticides to foliage. In the present work, a complex comprising tannic acid (TA) and Fe3+ ions was used to encapsulate azoxystrobin and avermectin water dispersible granule (WDG) formulations (termed Az-WDG-TA and Av-WDG-TA) to improve adhesion. The treated pesticides exhibited improved photostability as well as sustained continuous release behavior. The retention proportions of the Az-WDG-TA and Av-WDG-TA on cucumber and lettuce foliage were improved by more than 50%. The ability of solutions of these materials to wet foliage was also enhanced after coating, such that the toxicity of Av-WDG-TA to aphids and the antifungal activity of Az-WDG-TA to Fusarium oxysporum were increased by nearly 50%. Given the low cost of TA and Fe3+ compounds and the simple synthesis process, this method represents a promising means of producing foliage-adhesive pesticide formulations with increased retention and bioavailability.
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Ge, Shen Guang, Pei Ni Zhao, Jing Hua Yu, and Jia Dong Huang. "Synthesis and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gel Film for Simultaneous Determination of Multi-Component Pesticide Residue." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1667.

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In this paper, three kinds of molecularly imprinted sol-gel film (MISF) which have good thermal and chemical stability and three-dimensional network porous structure have been developed. The material was synthesized by sol-gel technology using lambda-cyhalothrin, trichlorphon and beta-cyfluthrin as model analytes. The special structural behavior makes the material have good capability to seizure and capture template molecules which enhanced the MISF’s recognition efficiency and the property of separation and enrichment. The material was environmental friendly and easy to operate. The binding characteristic of the imprinted film to the three pesticides was evaluated by equilibrium binding experiments. The SEM of the three MISF has been performed to characterize the morphology of MISF. The MISFs were combined with chemiluminescence (CL) technology by modifying the sol-gel into 96 micro-well plate to establish one molecular imprinting- chemiluminescence (MI-CL) sensor which realized high selectivity, sensitivity and high throughput simultaneous assay of three pesticides. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of multi-component pesticide residue in foodstuff.
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Fustinoni, S., L. Campo, J. Liesivuori, S. Pennanen, T. Vergieva, LGPM van Amelsvoort, C. Bosetti, H. Van Loveren, and C. Colosio. "Biological monitoring and questionnaire for assessing exposure to ethylenebisdithiocarbamates in a multicenter European field study." Human & Experimental Toxicology 27, no. 9 (September 2008): 681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108100003.

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This study deals with pesticide exposure profile in some European countries with a specific focus on ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDC). In all, 55 Bulgarian greenhouse workers, 51 Finnish potato farmers, 48 Italian vineyard workers, 42 Dutch floriculture farmers, and 52 Bulgarian zineb producers entered the study. Each group was matched with a group of not occupationally exposed subjects. Exposure data were gained through self-administered questionnaires and measuring ethylenethiourea (ETU) in two spot urine samples collected, respectively, before the beginning of seasonal exposure (T0), and after 30 days, at the end of the exposure period (T30). Controls underwent a similar protocol. Study agriculture workers were involved in mixing and loading pesticides, application of pesticide mixture with mechanical or manual equipments, re-entry activities, and cleaning equipments. Chemical workers were involved in synthesis, quality controls, and packing activities. The number of pesticides to whom these subjects were exposed varied from one (zineb production) to eight (potato farmers). The use of personal protective devices was variegate and regarded both aerial and dermal penetration routes. EBDC exposure, assessed by T30 urinary ETU, was found to follow the order: greenhouse workers, zineb producers, vineyard workers, potato farmers, floriculture farmers with median levels of 49.6, 23.0, 11.8, 7.5, and 0.9 μg/g creatinine; the last group having ETU at the same level of controls (~0.5 μg/g creatinine). Among agriculture workers, pesticide application, especially using manual equipment, seems to be the major determinant in explaining internal dose. Although the analysis of self-administered questionnaires evidenced difficulties especially related to lack and/or poor quality of reported data, biological monitoring confirms to be a powerful tool in assessing pesticide exposure.
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Nestroinaia, Olga, and Oksana Ponomarenko. "Synthesis of hybrid materials based on layered double hydroxides." Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, no. 2 (June 29, 2019): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/cb1025.

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The use of pesticides adversely affects not only the environment, but also human health. A promising direction in solving this problem is to obtain hybrid materials capable of controlled release of pesticides. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) can act as a matrix. Layered double hydroxides with intercalated glyphosate anions (MgAl-Gly-LDH) were synthesized by different methods: coprecipitation at constant pH (MgAl-Gly-LDH-c), synthesis under hydrothermal conditions (MgAl-Gly-LDH-ht), microwave method (MgAl-Gly-LDH-mw) and rehydration method (MgAl-Gly-LDH-re). All the synthesized samples were analyzed by X-ray phase analysis (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that the methods of co-precipitation and synthesis under hydrothermal conditions are most suitable for the synthesis of hybrid materials. Samples of MgAl-Gly-LDH-ht and MgAl-Gly-LDH-c have a well-crystallized structure, unlike the sample of MgAl-Gly-LDH-re, in which the LDH phase is practically absent.
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Aggarwal, Nisha, Rajesh Kumar, Chitra Srivastva, Prem Dureja, and J. M. Khurana. "Synthesis of Nalidixic Acid Based Hydrazones as Novel Pesticides." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 5 (March 10, 2010): 3056–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf904144e.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

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Whittaker, Ruth Eleanor. "An investigation of reactions directed towards the synthesis of 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propanal oxime." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004980.

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The processes leading to the formation of 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propanal oxime, known industrially as aldicarb oxime, have been studied. The three stages of the synthesis, viz., chlorination, thiomethylation and oximation have been thoroughly investigated, with the aim of optimising the yield and purity of aldicarb oxime. Attention has been focused on the chlorination step, and the effects of altering various conditions have been determined; the reaction has been carried out in the absence and presence of heat, solvent and buffer, and the extent of chlorine addition has also been varied. These studies have led to some improvement in the yield for this step. Several simple and inexpensive methods for purifying contaminated batches of aldicarb oxime have also been examined. Possible aldicarb oxime contaminants, identified by GLC and GC-MS analysis, have been synthesised for use as chromatographic and spectroscopic standards, and confirmation of the presence of a number of these contaminants has been achieved. Aldehyde trimers have been found to be the primary contaminants present in aldicarb oxime and the thermal stability of these trimers, their corresponding monomers and aldicarb oxime itself has been studied using variable temperature ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Novel pyridine derivatives, with potential as aldicarb analogues, have been synthesised and characterised using spectroscopic methods.
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Franjesevic, Andrew Joseph. "Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Therapeutics for the Treatment of Organophosphorus Poisoning by Nerve Agents and Pesticides." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563349257142378.

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Remy, Charlotte. "Synthèse et étude de récepteurs moléculaires fluorescents pour la détection de molécules neutres." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN070/document.

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La détection de molécules toxiques pour l’Homme et son environnement est d’une importance cruciale et fait partie des préoccupations majeures de la société actuelle. Les résidus de pesticides tels que l’atrazine ainsi que la mélamine font notamment partie de ces molécules dangereuses pour la santé humaine. Ces deux molécules sont principalement dosées par des techniques lourdes et coûteuses comme la spectrométrie de masse, la chromatographie ou l’électrochimie. De même, la détection des amines biogéniques représente un intérêt sociétal. Elles sont produites par des bactéries durant la décarboxylation des acides aminés dans les cellules. Leur détection permet ainsi d’évaluer la contamination microbiologique et la dégradation potentielle d’un aliment. Elles sont aujourd’hui dosées par chromatographie en phase liquide ou en en phase gaz, par électrochromatographie capillaire et par spectroscopie UV-visible. Quelques exemples de détection par fluorescence ont déjà été décrits dans la littérature mais la nécessité de développer de nouveaux récepteurs fluorescents efficaces est bien réelle.La fluorescence est une technique qui offre de multiples avantages tels que la sensibilité, la sélectivité et un faible coût. De nombreuses sondes fluorescentes capables de détecter des métaux lourds ont été développées au laboratoire PPSM. Cependant, la détection de molécules neutres par fluorescence représente un défi supplémentaire en raison de la nature plus faible de l’interaction, comparée à celle entre espèces chargées.La première étape de cette thèse a été de concevoir et de synthétiser un ensemble de sondes moléculaires fluorescentes, aussi bien pour la détection de l’atrazine, de ses produits de dégradation et des dérivés de la mélamine que pour la détection des amines biogéniques. Des fluorophores dérivés de la molécule de maléimide, de naphthalimide et de l’acide barbiturique ont ainsi été développés pour sonder les dérivés de triazine en exploitant leur système de trois liaisons hydrogène pour la reconnaissance moléculaire. De même, un calix[6]arène fluorescent a été conçu pour déceler la présence des amines biogéniques qui provoqueront une réponse fluorescente par encapsulation dans le calixarène.La deuxième étape a consisté à étudier les propriétés photophysiques de ces sondes. La sonde Naphth-AlcyneOMe possède un rendement quantique élevé, s’est révélée fortement solvatochrome. Elle est de plus sensible à la déprotonation de sa fonction imide. Des études RMN et de modélisation moléculaire ont également été menées afin de caractériser les sondes de manière plus approfondie et de comprendre plus précisément leur réactivité. La spectroscopie RMN a confirmé l’interaction par liaison hydrogène entre les sondes maléimide et naphthalimides et la molécule d’atrazine. Elle a aussi mis en évidence l’encapsulation de l’heptylamine dans le calix[6]arène. Pour sa part, la modélisation moléculaire nous a permis de mieux comprendre la photophysique de la sonde Naphth-TriazoleOMe.Enfin, la capacité des sondes à détecter les divers analytes cibles par fluorescence a été évaluée lors de la dernière étape de ce projet. La sonde TPA-BARB a présenté une forte exaltation de fluorescence en présence des dérivés de mélamine alors que le calix[6]arène-quinoléine Calix-Quino est capable de détecter les amines aliphatiques par fluorescence
The detection of molecules toxic for man and his environment is one of the major concerns of our society. Melamine and the pesticide residues such as atrazine are some of these dangerous molecules. These two molecules are usually measured with time-consuming and costly techniques like mass-spectrometry, chromatography or electrochemistry. In the same way, the detection of biogenic amines is of the greatest importance. They are produced by some bacteria during the decarboxylation of amino acids in the cells. So their detection allows to assess the microbiologic contamination and the potential degradation of a food. Today they are measured by chromatography in the liquid or gas phase, capillary electrochromatography and UV-visible spectroscopy. Some examples of detection by fluorescence have been described in scientific literature, but it is really necessary to develop some new efficient fluorescent receptors.Fluorescence is a technique which offers many advantages such as sensitivity, selectivity and a low cost. A lot of fluorescent probes able to detect heavy metals have been developed in PPSM laboratory. However the detection of neutral molecules by fluorescence represents an additional challenge as the interaction is weaker than with charged species.The first step of this thesis was to design and synthesize a set of fluorescent molecular probes designed to detect atrazine, the products of its degradation and melamine derivatives as well as biogenic amines. Some fluorophores based on maleimide, naphtalimide and barbituric acid moieties have been developed for the detection of the triazines derivatives by exploiting their three hydrogen bonds for molecular recognition. In order to detect the presence of biogenic amines, a fluorescent calix[6]arene which lead to a fluorescent change upon encapsulation in the calixarene cavity has been designed.The second step consisted in studying the photophysical properties of these probes. Naphth-AlcyneOMe probe which has a high quantum yield turned out to be highly solvatochromic. Moreover it is sensitive to the deprotonation of its imide function. NMR studies and molecular modeling were conducted in order to deepen the characteristics of the probes and better understand their reactivity. NMR spectroscopy confirmed the interaction through hydrogen bonding between maleimide and naphtalimide probes and the atrazine molecule.It highlighted the encapsulation of heptylamine in the calix[6]arene. Molecular modeling enabled us to better understand the photophysics of Naphth-TriazoleOMe probe.Finally the capacity of probes to detect the various analytes by fluorescence was assessed in our last part. TPA-BARB probe presented a high exaltation of fluorescence in presence of melamine derivatives whereas the calix[6]arène-quinoleine Calix-Quino is able to detect aliphatic amines by fluorescence
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Liang, Weiguang. "Impact of horticultural mineral oil and synthetic pesticides on arboreal and soil fauna biodiversity within citrus orchard ecosystems /." View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030819.153206/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D. (Horticulture)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002.
"A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney for the fulfillment of study for a degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture" "Principal supervisor: Robert Spooner-Hart, co-supervisor: Andrew Beattie, co-supervisor: Alfie Meats" Bibliography : leaves 231-265.
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Risangud, Nuttapol. "Synthesis and application of new polymers for agriculture : pesticide formulation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/96908/.

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The objective of this work was to synthesise potential polymeric materials to use in agricultural applications, particularly as pesticide carriers. Synthesis of solid microcapsules, which contain hydrophobic pesticides, from functional polymers, was the primary goal. In addition, promising materials such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and acid-labile containing polymers were also explored. The extraordinary reactivity of isocyanates towards nucleophiles offers an interesting synthetic tool as a catalyst-free reaction. Unfortunately, the high reactivity of isocyanate during the polymerisation process is a major concern, thus a facile approach in order to synthesise stable functional polymer was first investigated. Chapter 2 details the synthesis of two types of isocyanate side chain containing copolymers, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) (P(MMAm-co-IEMn)) and poly(benzyl methacrylate-co-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) P(BnMAm-co-IEMn), via Cu(0)-mediated controlled radical polymerisation. Both copolymers were functionalised with dibutylamine, octylamine, and (R)-(+)-α-methylbenzylamine, which further proved the successful incorporation of the isocyanate groups. Subsequently, P(BnMAm-co-IEMn) was used for the fabrication of liquid core microcapsules via an oil-in-water interfacial polymerisation with diethylenetriamine as a crosslinker. Furthermore, chapter 3 illustrates the synthetic route of solid microcapsules containing hydrophobic pesticides; this illustrates the incorporation of biodegradable materials, modern controlled radical polymerisation techniques and isocyanate chemistry. An α, ω-poly (ɛ-caprolactone) SET-LRP initiator is first prepared by esterification to obtain a degradable halide initiator. Subsequently, biodegradable P(BnMAn-co-IEMn) was polymerised via the conditions from chapter 2. An isocyanate-containing copolymer was used to fabricate a microcapsule which consists of imidacloprid (IMI), followed by water removal via spray dryer. Chapter 4 details an efficient tool to synthesise an amphiphilic copolymer containing PDMS. The versatility of hydrosilylation has been exploited for the preparation of an ABA block copolymer of PDMS and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA), which can be potentially used to prepare polymeric micelles. Also, to demonstrate the adaptability of this method, different methacrylates and vinyl terminated methacrylic macromonomers were applied to modified hydride terminated PDMS. Finally, the α, ω-hydroxyl terminated poly(acetal) SET-LRP initiator was synthesised from the condensation and esterification reaction. A favourable Cu(0)-mediated controlled radical polymerisation and degradation under an acidic conditions of acetal initiator was affirmed. Thus, this offers a great opportunity of using this initiator to synthesise isocyanate-containing copolymers, certainly, an acid-labile microcapsule to use as an agrochemical carrier is potentially achievable.
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Shoko, Yeukai Phoebe. "The screening of phyto-pesticides for potential adverse effects on human health." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7861_1328620487.

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Pesticides are designed to control or eliminate pests such as insects, rodents, weeds,
bacteria, and fungi. They are used at a global scale for agricultural produce. Although
pesticides play a significant role in increasing food production and eliminating diseases,
exposure to pesticides may be harmful to non-target organisms. As a result concern over
safety and resistance to pesticides has increased and there is pressure to reduce use and
search for more environmentally and toxicologically safe and efficacious pesticides. Most
pesticides currently in use are synthetic
therefore an alternative to synthetic pesticides is
the use of naturally occurring products/ botanicals with pesticidal properties.

Two plants indigenous to South African with pesticidal properties were chosen for this
study. Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis (D. rhinocerotis) and Galenia africana (G. africana)
have potential antifungal properties thus, may have potential use on agricultural produce
as fungicides. Galenia africana and D. rhinocerotis extracts inhibit growth of B. cinerea
(a fungal pathogen) at concentrations greater than 31.25 mg/ml and 125mg/ml
respectively. A major consideration in approving pesticides for use is whether they pose
an unreasonable risk to humans and to the environment. Toxicity studies are required to
determine the safety of the plant extracts.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential toxicity of ethanol extracts of D.
rhinocerotis and G. africana, which is important when designing practices to reduce or
eliminate excess exposure to them. Natural plant products with pesticidal properties could
provide an alternative to synthetic pesticides and may thus effectively reduce resistance
levels.


 

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Auberlet, Delle-Vedove Agnès. "Synthèse et étude structurale de n-benzoyl-n'-phenylurees, insecticides, en vue d'établir une relation entre la structure, la rétention dans des adsorbants modèles et le mode de dégradation. Suivi de recherches sur l'enseignement expérimental de la formulation : étude d'une famille de tensioactifs." Angers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ANGE0002.

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Dans une première partie, cinq n-benzoyl-n'-phenylurees sont synthétisées, en vue de modéliser leurs interactions avec l’environnement : rétention dans les sols, dégradation. Ces molécules sont des insecticides rémanents agissant par inhibition de la biosynthèse de la chitine. L'analyse d'extraits d'adsorbants modèles traites avec ces molécules est effectuée par chromatographie liquide haute pression en phase inverse. L'étude structurale de ces molécules est réalisée par la combinaison de diverses techniques spectroscopiques : spectrométrie de masse, spectroscopie de rayons X, RMN du proton, du carbone 13, de l'azote 15, spectroscopies U. V. Et infra-rouge, ainsi que par chromatographie sur couche mince, mécanique moléculaire et calcul semi-empirique am1. D'une part nous en déduisons une relation entre la coplaneite du groupe urée et du groupe 4- chlorophényle et la rétention sur adsorbants. D'autre part les indices de liaison, la fragmentation de masse et les études conformationnelle permettent d'interpréter la dégradation du composé, '- difluoré en urée et acide benzoïque tandis que dans les mêmes conditions le composé, '- dichlore est dégradé en benzamide et aniline substituées. Dans une seconde partie, nous présentons un projet didactique d'enseignement expérimental de la formulation, portant sur une famille de tensio-actifs utilisés dans les préparations phytosanitaires : détermination de la concentration micellaire critique, de la H. L. B. , de la température de trouble.
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Yau, Kerrm Y. F. "Synthesis of recombinant antibody fragments for pesticide residue analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35947.pdf.

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Abdul-Latif, Puziah. "Instrumentation and methodology for the monitoring of synthetic pyrethroids (mothproofing pesticides) in water courses." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281598.

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Javier, Eduardo Montano Moscoso. "The GAP program and its effects on pesticide use in Damnoen Saduak, Ratchaburi, Thailand." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199369.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第19045号
農博第2123号
新制||農||1032(附属図書館)
学位論文||H27||N4927(農学部図書室)
31996
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 縄田 栄治, 教授 舟川 晋也, 准教授 赤松 美紀
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Books on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

1

Unger, Thomas A. Pesticide synthesis handbook. Park Ridge, N.J: Noyes Publications, 1996.

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Wilson, Charles L., and Don M. Huber. Synthetic Pesticide Use in Africa. Edited by Charles L. Wilson and Don M. Huber. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. |: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003007036.

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Abdul-Latif, Puziah. Instrumentation and methodology for the monitoring of synthetic pyrethroids (mothproofing pesticides) in water courses. Salford: University of Salford, 1994.

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1933-, Baker Don R., and American Chemical Society. Division of Agrochemicals., eds. Synthesis and chemistry of agrochemicals V. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998.

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(Editor), Don R. Baker, Gregory S. Basarab (Editor), and Joseph G. Fenyes (Editor), eds. Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals IV (Acs Symposium Series). An American Chemical Society Publication, 1998.

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1933-, Baker Don R., American Chemical Society. Division of Agrochemicals., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Synthesis and chemistry of agrochemicals. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987.

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W, Lyga John, Theodoridis George, and American Chemical Society. Division of Agrochemicals., eds. Synthesis and chemistry of agrochemicals VII. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007.

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(Editor), Don R. Baker, Joseph G. Fenyes (Editor), and James J. Steffens (Editor), eds. Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals III (Acs Symposium Series). An American Chemical Society Publication, 1998.

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Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V (Acs Symposium Series). An American Chemical Society Publication, 1998.

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Alper, Joseph. Whats Happening in Chemistry/1989. American Chemical Society, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

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Clark, Robert D. "Synthesis of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors." In Porphyric Pesticides, 34–47. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0559.ch003.

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Iwata, Shuji, Motoo Sumida, Naoko Nakayama, Takaharu Tanaka, Ko Wakabayashi, and Peter Böger. "Porphyrin Synthesis in Liverwort Cells Induced by Peroxidizing Herbicides." In Porphyric Pesticides, 147–60. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0559.ch011.

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Simeonova, Biana G., Gyula Dura, and Lubomir I. Simeonov. "The Danube Regional Pesticide Study Project 1995–1997: A Brief Synthesis of the Results." In Environmental Security Assessment and Management of Obsolete Pesticides in Southeast Europe, 405–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6461-3_36.

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Dekeyser, Mark A., W. Ashley Harrison, Paul T. McDonald, G. W. Angle, Saad M. M. Ismail, and Roger G. H. Downer. "Design and Synthesis of 5,6-Dihydro-4H-l,3,4-oxadiazines as Potential Octopaminergic Pesticides." In ACS Symposium Series, 183–96. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0589.ch013.

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Anding, C. "[61] Pesticides and lipid synthesis in plant membranes." In Methods in Enzymology, 667–74. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(87)48063-4.

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Kulkarni, Amritha G., Savitha De Britto, and Sudisha Jogaiah. "Economic considerations and limitations of green synthesis vs chemical synthesis of nanomaterials." In Advances in Nano-Fertilizers and Nano-Pesticides in Agriculture, 459–68. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820092-6.00018-5.

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Kafkas, Ebru, Nebile Daglioglu, Nigar Yarpuz-Bozdogan, and Mozhgan Zarifikhosroshahi. "Pesticide Analysis Techniques, Limitations, and Applications." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 301–17. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch017.

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Natural or synthetic chemical compounds in pesticides are commonly used to kill pests or weeds. In general, pesticides are potentially toxic to not only organisms but also the environment and should be used safely disposed of expediently. Pesticide residues in foods may cause various crucial diseases in the body. The damage of pesticides can be changed depending on the application dose or type of active compounds. For this reason, identification and quantification of pesticides via highly selective, sensitive, accurate, and renewable techniques are of vital importance due to the large amounts of possible interfering substances during the extraction stages. Analysis of pesticide residues by analytical methods can be fluctuate based on the pesticide types. For food and health safety, maximum residue limits (MRL) of pesticides in foods were determined by the European Community. There are many analytical methods developed for identification and quantification of pesticides. Although there are some limitations, the multi-residue methods sensible for analyzing a great number of pesticides in one single run is the fastest, the most favorite, and efficient choice. However, some of the pesticides need specific methodologies and single-residue methods apply as compulsory for them. In this chapter, recent advances in the various analysis of pesticide residues in crops and their applications and limitations are discussed.
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Guilger-Casagrande, Mariana, and Renata de Lima. "Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles and their biological applications." In Advances in Nano-Fertilizers and Nano-Pesticides in Agriculture, 361–84. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820092-6.00014-8.

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Doraiswamy, L. K. "Introduction and Structure of the Book." In Organic Synthesis Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096897.003.0005.

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A large part of the chemical industry is concerned with organic chemicals from simple to highly complex structures. In dealing with relatively simple structures, there does not appear to be any need usually for a deeper understanding of chemistry than that to which an engineer is normally exposed. Most reaction engineering texts are written with this basic assumption. Catalysis, which is invariably an integral part of the reaction engineer’s arsenal, has been limited to the production of large volume chemicals which are often relatively simple in structure. Increasing attempts by chemists today to extend the use of catalysis to the production of medium and small volume chemicals has triggered a change in perspective that augers well for a closer liaison between chemists and engineers. We examine this a little further below by defining an organic chemicals ladder, and the merging roles of the two in exploiting this ladder, particularly for chemicals stacked on its intermediate rungs. Another change that is taking place is the increasing role of process intensification, nowhere more evident than in the production of organic chemicals. Process intensification means improvement of a process, mainly the reaction, by any possible means, to increase the overall productivity. This usually takes the form of reaction rate enhancement by extending known or emerging laboratory techniques to industrial scale production. These techniques can be engineering intensive, chemistry intensive, or both. Examples are the use of ultrasound (sonochemistry), light (photochemistry), electrons (electrochemistry), enzymes (biotechnology), agents for facilitating a reaction between immiscible phases (phase-transfer catalysis), microparticles (microphase engineering), membranes (membrane reactor engineering), a second phase (biphasing), combinations of reactions with different techniques of separation (multifunctional or combo reactor engineering), and mixing. Their use in the production of medium and small volume chemicals like pesticides, drugs, Pharmaceuticals, perfumery chemicals, and other consumer products is being increasingly explored both by industry and academe. Some of these techniques have progressed little beyond the laboratory stage, although they have been a part of the synthetic organic chemist’s repertoire for a number of years. Thus, in addition to the use of catalysis in its various forms, this book will also explore different techniques of reaction rate and/or selectivity enhancement.
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Kothari, Richa, and Khursheed Ahmad Wani. "Environmentally Friendly Slow Release Nano-Chemicals in Agriculture." In Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials, 409–25. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8591-7.ch019.

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Agriculture is important for people all over the world in order to obtain food to sustain the ever-growing population. However, the current practices for obtaining more and more food has several environmental challenges. Hence, new environmentally friendly fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides have been developed that enhance crop yield by facilitating maximum nutrient uptake by the application of nanotechnology that will help in promoting sustainable agriculture by the slow or controlled release fertilizers. This slow discharge encourages improved delivery of nutrients to the plants that further speeds up early germination, fast growth, and high nutritional level. The current study is aimed to review nano-chemicals used in agriculture that have been developed by the researchers all over the world.
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Conference papers on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

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Al-Saad, Khalid A., Ahmed A. Ramadan, Md F. Rakib, and Abdullah A. Abul Baker. "Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Silica-Nanoparticles and their Applications for the Removal of Pesticides from Aqueous Solution." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.eepp2325.

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Gao, Chao, and Xing-Jiu Huang. "Synthesis of Al2O3-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites and its application in electrochemical detection of organophosphate pesticides in drinking water." In Annual International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Sciences. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-189x_sees15.58.

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Dowgiallo, Anne-Marie. "Trace level pesticide detection utilizing gold nanoparticles and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)." In Synthesis and Photonics of Nanoscale Materials XVI, edited by Andrei V. Kabashin, Jan J. Dubowski, and David B. Geohegan. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2521296.

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Ducrot, P., A. Bala, R. Delorme, A. Kollmann, L. Kerhoas, J. Einhorn, and D. Augé. "Isolation and Pesticide Activity of Daphnanes of Lasiosiphon Kraussianus." In The 4th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-4-01895.

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Chen, Hsi-Jen, Chiu-Hui Dai, and Chuan-Yau Chang. "Oxy-carbonylation reaction path synthesis and its conceptual process design for manufacturing the pesticide Carbaryl." In Annual International Conference on Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Chemical Process. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2301-3761_ccecp15.09.

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SPRUOGIS, Vidmantas, Anželika DAUTARTĖ, Romualdas ZEMECKIS, Edmundas BARTKEVIČIUS, and Aida STIKLIENĖ. "THE INFLUENCE OF BIOORGANIC PREPARATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CONVENTIONALY GROWN WINTER WHEAT ACTIVATING AND SAVING THE USE OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.080.

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The influence of Raskila bioorganic fertilisers on the productivity of conventional winter wheat ‘Olivin’, was investigated in order to stimulate and save synthetic herbicide Arrat and fungicide Tango Super for spring spraying. Scheme of treatment: 1. Control; 2. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with fertilizer Raskila 3 l ha-1; 3. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.2 kg ha-1+Tango super 1.5 l ha-1; 4. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.2 kg ha-1+Tango super 1.5 l ha-1+Raskila 3.0 l ha-1; 5. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.1 kg ha-1+Tango super 0.75 l ha-1+Raskila 3.0 l ha-1. The best result in the period of 2014-2016 was received after application of the following combination in spring: Arrat + Tango super + Raskila. This combination allows to reduce the rate of pesticides in half (50%), the differences compared to control are significant, statistically reliable. A statistically significant increase in the following winter wheat ‘Olivin’ quality parameters was found: protein 13.1-14.8%, gluten 24.3-29.7%, number of falls 228-292 s, starch 65.7-70.0%. Application of Raskila fertilizers has raised the grain quality class. The best results were in variants 3 and 4, where the I class of grain quality was achieved. Combination of Raskila fertilisers and pesticides: herbicide Arrat and fungicide Tango super statistically significantly increased the following winter wheat ‘Olivin’ characteristics - plant height 101.2-104.2 cm, ear length 6.9-7.1 cm, grain number per ear 28,96- 30.02, grain yield 6.71-7.03 t ha-1. Application of Raskila fertilizer 1.0 l ha-1 and herbicide Arrat 0.1 kg ha-1 decreased the number of weeds from 62.5 to 57.6 units per m2 and the weed weight decreased from 41.30 to 33.70 g m2. Stronger wheat crop overshadowed weeds better. Combination of Raskila and Tango super reduced the prevalence and severity of diseases in winter wheat such as Septoria spp., Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Erysiphe graminis, powdery rust (Puccinia recondita).
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Rybkova, Zuzana. "DEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SITES CONTAMINATED WITH PESTICIDES AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017h/63/s25.025.

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Sabir, Jamal S. M. "The genotoxicity of three synthetic pesticides: chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and their mixture chlorcyrin in Aspergillus terreus." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0140.

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Pakvilai, N., T. Prapamontol, P. Thavornyutikarn, A. Mangklabruks, S. Chantara, and C. Santasup. "Residues of synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in vegetables, fruit, sediment and water from an intensive agricultural area (Fang district, Chiang Mai, Thailand)." In Sustainability Today. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st110181.

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Xia, Xiaoyuan, Pengcheng Xu, Haitao Yu, and Xinxin Li. "Resonant micro-cantilever chemical sensor with one-step synthesis of -COOH functionalized mesoporous-silica nanoparticles for detection of trace-level organophosphorus pesticide." In 2012 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2012.6411235.

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Reports on the topic "Pesticides – Synthesis"

1

Bhat, M. G., B. C. English, A. F. Turhollow, and H. O. Nyangito. Energy in synthetic fertilizers and pesticides: Revisited. Final project report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10120269.

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Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; pesticides and other synthetic organic compounds in water, sediment, and biota, 1975-90. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri964135.

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