Relevant bibliographies by topics / Petro-diesel

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Petro-diesel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Petro-diesel"

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Anggono, Willyanto, M. M. Noor, F. D. Suprianto, L. A. Lesmana, G. J. Gotama, and A. Setiyawan. "Effect of Cerbera Manghas Biodiesel on Diesel Engine Performance." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 15, no. 3 (2018): 5667–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.20.0435.

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In order to reduce the use of fossil fuel without interfering the availability of food crop, Cerbera manghas biodiesel has been studied as potential renewable fuel. This study investigated Cerbera manghas biodiesel as a replacement for pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel produced in Indonesia. The investigation result indicates that Cerbera manghas biodiesel fuel has a lower density, kinematic viscosity, sulfur content, color (lighter), water content, distillation point compared to pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel. Higher flash point and cetane index value in Cerbera manghas biodiesel were also discovered. The study investigated further the effect of biodiesel derived from Cerbera manghas biodiesel compared with pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel in a single cylinder diesel engine. The study suggested that Cerbera manghas biodiesel has better engine performance (fuel consumption, brake mean effective pressure, thermal efficiency, torque, and power) compared to pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel. The utilization of Cerbera manghas biodiesel gave better engine performance output compared to pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel. This study supported the viability of Cerbera manghas biodiesel to be implemented as an alternative diesel fuel without interfering food resources or requiring additional modification to the existing diesel engine.
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Kurdi, Ojo. "UJI PERFORMA BIODISEL DARI MINYAK JARAK PAGAR YANG DIPRODUKSI SECARA ENZIMATIS PADA MESIN DISEL." ROTASI 8, no. 3 (2012): 29–34. https://doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.8.3.29-34.

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Jatropha curcas oil is one of potential plants for hydrocarbon resource or energy resource in Indonesia. Whereas the oil cannot be used directly because of its high viscosity, low cetane number, presence of free fatty acid, low volitile, presence of gum and there will be high deposit if it is used as a direct fuel (Fangrui Ma, 1999). Therefore, it must be convert to a form of alkyl ester or in famous term of biodiesel. Biodiesel produkction from jatropha curcus is basically methanolysis reaction, the reaction between triglyceride and methanol that yields fatty acid metyl ester and glycerol. This reaction can be performed chemically by using catalyst and enzymatic. Pre-study has been done in laboratory scale by using jatropha oil in enzimatic reactor. The result shows that methanolysis reaction of triglyceride using biocatalyst is very potential to produce biodiesel (Yulianto, M.E., dkk., 2005). Biodiesel application to diesel engine has widely been investigated. Several studies noted that biodiesel can be used to diesel engine for long time. Biodiesel is used by mixing with petro-diesel. The mixing has a range from 2/98% (B2) to 100% (B100). There are some studies namely output energy, lubrication condition, and gas emission. This research was conducted to study output energy or engine brake power fuelling with biodiesel-petro diesel compared with fuelling with petro diesel and fuel efficiency that calculated from fuel consumption per unit power. The research was begun with literature study about diesel engine theory, biodiesel, and biodiesel application to diesel engine. Laboratory experiments were done trhough some steps : properties test, petro diesel engine test , B10 engine test, data analyzing and conclusion. Diesel engine used in this test has power of 8.5 kW which was coupled to 5 kW generator at 1500 rpm. Applied variable loads were lamps whereas shaft speed was measured by using stroboscope. Fuel consumption was measured by weighing fuel that had been used. The result shows that brake power of engine fuelling with B10 is 4.5% lower than that fuelling with petro-diesel. Whereas the efficiency is 1.7 % higher
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Parajuli, Ranjan. "Economics of Biodiesel Production in the Context of Fulfilling 20% Blending with Petro-Diesel in Nepal." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 10, no. 1 (2014): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v10i1.10881.

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The article has attempted to introduce Jatropha curcas as one of the energy resource for partially substituting Petro-diesel in Nepal and is prepared to provide preliminary insight on the economics of biodiesel production in the country. There have been increasing trend of automobiles in the last two decades, which has also increased the total import volume of Petro-diesel in Nepal. The dependency on imported Petro-diesel and its escalating price is adversely affecting the national economy. To fulfill the 20% blending requirement of the Petro-diesel consumed in 2011 in the country, 4% of the uncultivated land of the country (representing terrain and hills only) are sufficient. With this realization, this article is prepared by the development of different scenarios in regard to substitution of 20% Petro-diesel in the country. The Scenarios basically comprise of price of seedlings required for cultivation, different yield of Jatropha plant, and the price of raw oil seeds required for processing. Prognosis of Petro-diesel consumption in the next 20 years is carried out considering the average growth rate of its sales in the last decade in the country, and further required volume of biodiesel required for blending is estimated. Techno-economic analysis carried out in this article has revealed that biodiesel can be economically produced with input parameters (plant yield greater than 2 kg/plant and with the price of oil seeds lower than 0.22 USD/kg). The return on the investment in the bio diesel production and its utilization is also positive with these input parameters. The study estimated that production of biodiesel in the present context of increasing fuel prices and depleting resources, is an economically viable option, however, there is need of strong policy to entertain potential entrepreneurs and farmers for generating resource required for the partial substitution and also to look after the issues of food insecurity during the process of generating this resource.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v10i1.10881Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2014, pp. 80–93
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R N Singh, S P Singh, and B S Pathak. "Performance of CI Engine with Progressive Replacement of Blended Plant Oil by Producer Gas." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 44, no. 2 (2007): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2007442.1253.

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A multi cylinder naturally aspirated diesel engine with matching alternator was operated successfully with mixed fuels (petro-diesel, de-waxed de-gummed Jatropha oil! karanja oil/ rice bran oil and Producer gas) and its performance was verified through extensive, short (6 hours) and long duration (30 h) trials. Study revealed that CI engine can also be run on blended de-waxed and de-gummed Jatropha oil with diesel even up to 50%, but preheating of mixture was required at 60°C to reduce viscosity, when blending of oil with diesel is more than 10%. Maximum blending of plant oil with petro-diesel and its operation with CI engine also depends upon the quality of the plant oil. In case of refined rice bran oil, it was as high as 75%. Maximum replacement of blended plant oil by producer gas was 68% with minor losses in engine output compared to petro-diesel. In general, exhaust gas temperature and specific energy consumption increased in mixed fuel mode with all the three oils, however brake thermal efficiency decreased. It was due to lower calorific value of plant oils and producer gas. In CI Engine having 18.4: I compression ratio, at 84% engine load and with mixed fuel concentration of pollutants like CO, HC, NO, N02 was reduced by up to 51, 65, 83 and 85%, respectively. However, in case of rice bran oil, CO concentration increased as compared to petro-diesel.
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D., Y. Dasin, and Yahuza I. "Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Fuel Derived from Neem Azadirachta Indica Seed using Two Cylinder Diesel Engine Model." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 4 (2019): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23903.

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As the decreasing availability of the fossil fuel is rising day by day, the search for alternate fuel that can be used as a substitute to the conventional fuels is rising rapidly. A new type of biofuel, Neem oil biodiesel, is introduced in this work for the purpose of fuelling diesel engine. Neem oil was extracted from neem seed by solvent extraction method and biodiesel was produced by transesterification method. The percentage yield of Neem oil and biodiesel were found to be 40 and 75 respectively. The properties were simulated in a model produced using GT power suite. The engine speed was varied and engine performance such as brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, brake mean effective pressure and the emission of biodiesel and petroleum diesel at various speed were determined and compared. The results show the improve performance of biodiesel. The performance characteristics of an engine were studied with biodiesel and petro diesel. The brake power 31.25 kW, brake torque 102.8 N mare found higher at 3600 rpm case 1 and 1200 rpm case 4 respectively. In biodiesel, specific fuel consumption is found more than the petro diesel and the CO and CO2 emission were found lower in biodiesel than petro diesel. The biodiesel have shown better performance than the petro diesel. D. Y. Dasin | I. Yahuza "Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Fuel Derived from Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Seed using Two Cylinder Diesel Engine Model" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23903.pdf
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Tunio, M. M., M. R. Luhur, Z. M. Ali, and U. Daher. "Performance and Emission Analysis of a Diesel Engine Using Linseed Biodiesel Blends." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 3 (2018): 2958–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2028.

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The core object of this study is to examine the suitability of linseeds for biodiesel production. The performance of an engine at different proportions of linseed blends with petro-diesel and the amount of emissions rate were investigated. Initially, linseed biodiesel was produced through transesterification process, and then it was mixed with petro-diesel fuel (D100) blends at volumetric ratios of 10% (LB10), 20% (LB20), and 30% (LB30). The properties of linseed biodiesel and its blends were investigated and compared with petro-diesel properties with reference to ASTM standards. It has been observed that the fuel properties of produced biodiesel are within ASTM permissible limits. The specific fuel consumption (SFC) of LB10 blend has been found lesser compared to LB20 and LB30. SFC of D100 is slightly less than that of all the blends. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of LB30 is greater than that of pure diesel D100 at maximum load and greater than that of LB10 and LB20. The heat dissipation rate in all linseed blends is found to have been less than that of D100. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and NOx emissions of linseed blends are mostly lower in comparison with D100’s. Among all blends, LB10 was found more suitable alternative fuel for diesel engines and can be blended with petro diesel without engine modifications. It can be concluded that cultivation and production of linseed in Pakistan is very promising, therefore, it is recommended that proper exploitation and use of linseed for energy production may be encouraged through pertinent agencies of Pakistan.
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García-Sánchez, Miriam, Mauricio Sales-Cruz, Teresa Lopez-Arenas, Tomás Viveros-García, and Eduardo S. Pérez-Cisneros. "An Intensified Reactive Separation Process for Bio-Jet Diesel Production." Processes 7, no. 10 (2019): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100655.

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An intensified three-step reaction-separation process for the production of bio-jet diesel from tryglycerides and petro-diesel mixtures is proposed. The intensified reaction-separation process considers three sequentially connected sections: (1) a triglyceride hydrolysis section with a catalytic heterogeneous reactor, which is used to convert the triglycerides of the vegetable oils into the resultant fatty acids. The separation of the pure fatty acid from glycerol and water is performed by a three-phase flash drum and two conventional distillation columns; (2) a co-hydrotreating section with a reactive distillation column used to perform simultaneously the deep hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) of petro-diesel and the hydrodeoxigenation (HDO), decarbonylation and decarboxylation of the fatty acids; and (3) an isomerization-cracking section with a hydrogenation catalytic reactor coupled with a two-phase flash drum is used to produce bio-jet diesel with the suitable fuel features required by the international standards. Intensive simulations were carried out and the effect of several operating variables of the three sections (triglyceride-water feed ratio, oleic acid-petro-diesel feed ratio, hydrogen consumption) on the global intensified process was studied and the optimal operating conditions of the intensified process for the production of bio-jet diesel were achieved.
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Karmakar, Rachan, Nitin Kumar, Anita Rajor, et al. "Evaluation of Performance of a CI Engine Fueled With Biodiesel Produced from Unused Algae." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 49, no. 4 (2023): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/iswmaw/494/2023.359.

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Abundant availability and easy culture process of algae make it a better resource than other vegetable crops for biodiesel production. The oil (with 21% FFA content) extracted from the unused, mixed culture of algae in this experiment was used to produce biodiesel by an' acid esterification followed by alkaline esterification' procedure. After confirming the properties of the biodiesel to be within the limit of ASTM standard, three biodiesel blends (B10, B20 and B30) were used in an internal combustion engine (Four stroke single cylinder VCR engine) and the performance of the engine was observed at different engine loads (0%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100%, 120%). The little higher brake specific fuel consumption (0.22kg/KWh, 0.25 kg/KWh, 0.26kg/KWh and 0.21kg/KWh respectively for B10, B20, B30 and petro-diesel at overload condition), lower brake power (3.41 kW, 3.37 kW, 3.25 kW, 3.39 kW for diesel, B10, B20 and B30 respectively for B10, B20, B30 and petro-diesel) and mechanical efficiency (63.34, 51.43%, 52.06% and 51.43% for petro-diesel, B10, B20 and B30 respectively) for biodiesel blends took place which might be the results of lower calorific value (40800 kJ/kg), higher density (875.27kg/m3) and viscosity (3.14 mm2/s) of the algal biodiesel than diesel.
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Santhosh, Poojary. "A Review of the Concept of Biodiesel Industrial Socialization." Journal of Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources 6, no. 1 (2020): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3607406.

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Biodiesel is a promising as well as widely accepted alternative to petro-diesel and it is a renewable fuel produced from biological oil sources. Utilization of biodiesel in any equipment that operates on petro-diesel produces less harmful emissions thereby reducing environmental pollution. The production of biodiesel at domestic level using indigenous source has greater scope to enhance the agricultural economy and to increase the energy security of the social setting. Based on these fundamental facts, the Biodiesel Industrial Socialization concept is discussed in the present review paper.
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Sutrisno, Willyanto Anggono, Fandi Dwiputra Suprianto, Cokro Daniel Santosa, Michael Suryajaya, and Gabriel Jeremy Gotama. "Experimental Investigation of Avocado Seed Oil Utilization in Diesel Engine Performance." E3S Web of Conferences 130 (2019): 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001030.

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Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a popular fruit in Indonesia. Its popularity leads to high consumption of this fruit and wastes from its seed. In order to develop renewable energy and reducing wastes in the environment, P. americana seed may be extracted for its oil to create biodiesel fuel. In this study, P. americana seed is obtained through the soxhlet apparatus and transesterification process. After obtaining P. americana seed oil, the oil was mixed with pure petro-diesel with a ratio of 10:90 (B10 fuel) and 20:80 (B20 fuel), respectively. These fuels were tested for their fuel characteristics and engine performances, together with pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel. The fuel characteristics results suggest positive characteristics of B10 and B20 compared to other fuels. For engine performance tests, B10 and B20 fuels have less engine performance than other fuels. However, the differences between these fuels results are small. Overall, the positive aspect of B10 and B20 fuels supersede small disadvantages they have and thus suitable to substitute pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Petro-diesel"

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Tesfaye, Feleke. "PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CASTOR BIODIESEL AND PETRO DIESEL BLENDS WITH DIETHYLEETHER ADDITIVE." Thesis, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22487.

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The focus of this research was pointed at exploring technical feasibility of castor biodiesel with and without diethyl ether additives in direct injection compression ignition engines without any substantial hardware modifications. In this work, the methyl ester of castor oil with and without additives was investigated for its performance as a diesel engine fuel. Fatty acid methyl ester was produced via transesterification process using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst and purified castor oil which is extracted from the castor seed was used.   To obtain a high quality biodiesel fuel that comply the specification of standard methods, some important variables such as reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil and mass weight of catalyst were selected and studied. At the following optimum conditions; 60 °C of reaction temperature, 6:1 methanol to castor oil molar ratio, 1% catalyst concentration wt/wt%, reaction time of 90 minutes and 600 rpm agitating speed, an optimum fatty acid methyl ester yield of 92.08% was obtained, indicating that potassium hydroxide has the potential as a catalyst for the production of fatty acid methyl ester from castor oil.   The fuel samples were prepared by blending castor ethyl ester with diesel in the composition of B0, B10, B15, B20, B10DEE5, B15DEE5, and B20DEE5. Moreover, after preparation of the tested fuels only the kinematic viscosity were measured and the measured results were changed. For instance, kinematic viscosity changes in percent were 23.5%, 22.5% and 18.7% for B10DEE5, B15DEE5 and B20DEE5 respectively.   The performance parameters evaluated were break thermal efficiency (B.Th.), torque and power. The results of experimental investigation with biodiesel blends were compared with that of methyl ester and baseline diesel. The results indicate that the torque percentage variation of fuels with DEE additive increase with increase engine speed, this shows the percentage change of torque at lower speed is small, because even though the fuel has higher viscosity than B0 it has sufficient combustion time. At higher engine speed the percentage torque variation is higher; this is due to the high reciprocating motion of the piston the fuel cannot get sufficient time to be evaporated and combusted due to pure atomization.   The comparing power percentage difference between fuel with and without DEE to the neat diesel fuel, with DEE is less power difference than without DEE, this is due to DEE the fuel has less viscosity than without DEE, this increase atomization of fuel to easily burn in the combustion chamber.   The BSFC percentage difference which is compared to fuels with and without DEE to the neat diesel fuel,from this figures the difference between diesel fuel and with DEE adding fuel is smaller than without DEE fuels, this is due to DEE the fuel is atomized and easly burned this decreased the fuel consumption.   Furthermore, a single cylinder compression ignition engine was operated successfully using ethyl ester of castor oil as the soul fuel with acceptable performance.<br><p>Utbildningsprogram i samarbete med KTH</p>
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Mwanzi, Maube Obadiah. "Performance analysis and modelling of diesel engine operational characteristics using pyrolytic oil from scrap tyre." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/413.

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In this work, an investigation on the fraction of tyre pyrolysis oil with a similar distillation range to that of automotive diesel (150 – 360 oC) was carried out to determine its suitability as an alternative or additive to petro-diesel fuel. The quality of this oil was evaluated by comparing its key properties to the requirements of South African National Standards for Automotive diesel fuel (SANS-342) and to conventional automotive diesel fuel. The viscosity, density, copper strip corrosion of this fuel were found to be within the acceptable limits set by SANS while sulphur content and flash point were out of their respective set limits. In addition, mixing rule equations for predicting viscosity and density for both pure and blends of the oil as a function of temperature were developed and evaluated. The equations were found to be suitable due to their low Absolute Percentage Deviation. Engine performance tests were carried out with blends of Distilled Tyre Pyrolysis Oil (DTPO) and petro-diesel fuel in a single cylinder air cooled diesel engine. The performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the diesel engine while running on these blends were evaluated and subsequently, a comparative analysis was performed with conventional petro-diesel fuel as the reference fuel. It was found that, the engine could run with up to 60% (DTPO) without any problem. Beyond this level the engine became unstable. The power and torque were similar at low and medium speeds. However, at high speeds, the power dropped with increase in DTPO in the blend. Fuel consumption was very comparable for all the test fuels. Carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons were higher for the blends compared to petro-diesel fuel but oxides of Nitrogen were lower. The peak pressure for petro-diesel fuel was marginally higher than that of the blends. Present results indicate that, petro-diesel fuel can be blended with up to 60% DTPO and produce acceptable performance. Testing the diesel engine under different operating conditions is a time consuming and expensive process that also requires the use of specialised equipment which may not be readily available. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model based on a back-propagation learning algorithm was developed to predict engine performance and emissions separately, based on fuel blend and speed. The performance and accuracy of the model were evaluated by comparing experimental and ANN predicted results. The ANN was able to predict both engine performance and emissions with acceptable levels of accuracy. The values of correlation coefficient between experimental and predicted data being greater than 0.99. From this work, it can be implied that engine emission and performance can be predicted using neural network-based mode, consequently, it will be able to do further investigations without running laboratory experiments. Energy recovery from waste is an interesting field for engineers and scientists. It is hoped that this work will prompt new research ideals on how tyre pyrolysis oil can be improved for use as diesel engine fuel and building better models for diesel engine performance and emissions
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Tsai, Jhih-Chun, and 蔡智群. "The Effects of Biodiesel and Petro-Diesel on The Tribological Performance of Engine Components." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82559884496942178987.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>機械工程系<br>101<br>This paper aims to investigate the effects of biodiesel and petro-diesel on the tribological performance of engine components. Wear test oil can be divided into two types.The first type is egine oil through field test.The second type is the mixture of diesel(D100) and biodiesel(B5,B50,B100) for different water content.Sliding and fretting wear tests are performed under different test temperature and water content conditions by Cameron-Plint TE77 reciprocating and fretting wear test rig. In addition, use scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) separately to observe the morphology of wear specimens and indentify the composition of surface films Results show that wear tests of field test engine oil at room temperature, the anti-wear ability of engine oil is dominated by the physical adsorption capacity and micro-hydrodynamic effects; while at 150°C, the anti-wear ability of engine oil is depend on the mount of decomposition of ZDDP additives and their chemical reaction rate.In the fuel oil tests, at room temperature, the increasing water content in the fuel oil can form a continuous film of water on the surface and produce oxide films to improve the anti-wear ability of fuel oil; while at 70°C,the increasing water content in the bio-fuel oil and the ester adsorptive films in the bio-fuel oil will compete the adsorptive positions with each other and produce oxide films. In addition, the increasing water content in petro-diesel will hinder the formation of anti-wear products and results in increasing wear volume. In the fretting wear tests, the ester adsorptive films in B20 fuel provide damping effects, so the surface damage of B20 fuel is slighter than D100 fuel. In addition, the increasing water content of fuel oil will casue fuel oil acidfied and result in corrosion wear.
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Books on the topic "Petro-diesel"

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Kicking the gasoline & petro-diesel habit: A business manager's blueprint for action. InfoSecurity Infrastructure, Inc., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Petro-diesel"

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Karmakar, Rachan, Anita Rajor, Krishnendu Kundu, et al. "Effects of Algal Biodiesel–Petro-diesel Blends in Emission from IC Engine." In Climate Crisis and Sustainable Solutions. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7110-3_4.

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Karmakar, R., A. Rajor, K. Kundu, and N. Kumar. "A Comparative Study of the Fuel Characteristics Between Algal Biodiesel and Petro-Diesel." In Bioresource Utilization and Bioprocess. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1607-8_5.

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El-Gendy, Nour SH, and Samiha F. Deriase. "Application of statistical approaches to optimize the productivity of biodiesel and investigate the physicochemical properties of the bio/petro-diesel blends." In High-Performance Materials and Engineered Chemistry. Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315187860-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Petro-diesel"

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Cahyo, Nur, Jihan Fadhilah, Tomi Indra Prathama, et al. "Green Diesel's Potential as a Petro-Diesel Substitute and Industrial Use in Diesel Engines." In 2024 International Conference on Technology and Policy in Energy and Electric Power (ICTPEP). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict-pep63827.2024.10733545.

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Bari, Saiful, Shekh Nisar Hossain, and Idris Saad. "A Review on Techniques to Improve Performance and Reduce Emissions of Diesel Engine Running With Higher Viscous Fuels (HVFs)." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10120.

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Abstract Due to skyrocketing fuel price and demand, engine manufacturers and researchers have been thriving to find alternative sources of fuel for internal combustion engines. Biodiesel and vegetable-based fuels are prospective substitutes for petro-diesel fuel for compressions ignition (CI) or diesel engines, and favourable over petro-diesel fuel in terms of sustainability and environmental friendliness. It is found from the literatures that higher viscous fuels (HVFs) and biodiesel fuels have substandard engine performance and emissions especially in the case of brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), torque and NOx emissions compared to those of the engines using petro-diesel. This is mainly due to their higher viscosity and density as well as lower volatility and calorific value and thus, they are termed as higher viscous fuels. Furthermore, the higher viscosity and density of HVFs retard the combustion efficiency since HVFs are less prone to evaporate, diffuse and mix properly with the in-cylinder air. Based on these findings, researchers have put effort into improving the performance of CI engines running with HVFs. Generally, three techniques are very popular by the researchers, namely, blending the HVFs with petro-diesel (known as fuel blend), preheating the HVFs, and altering the injection strategy from the original engine-settings for petro-diesel operation. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented on these techniques to improve the performance of CI engines run on HVFs.
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Nassar, Hussein N., and Nour Sh El-Gendy. "Biodesulfurization of Petro-diesel by a Novel Hydrocarbon Tolerable Paenibacillus glucanolyticus HN4." In International Conference on Environmental Science and Applications (ICESA'20). Avestia Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icesa20.114.

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Garugubilli, Ramu, V. V. S. Prasad, Arrapragada K. S. S. Rao, and Kuncha Mohan Pradeep. "Evaporation characteristics influence on exhaust emissions of waste plastic oil petro diesel blends." In CHEMISTRY BEYOND BORDERS: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY: The 1st Annual Meeting of the Physical Chemistry Division of the Indonesian Chemical Society. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0166071.

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Mansur, Dieni, Muhammad Arifuddin Fitriady, Hari Setiapraja, et al. "Precipitation Study of B30 Blended from FAME and/or HVO and Petro Diesel Fuel." In 2019 JSAE/SAE Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants. SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2190.

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Mahalakshmi, N. V., and R. Karthikeyan. "Performance and Emission Characteristics of Four Stroke D.I. Diesel Engine Fueled With Turpentine Diesel Blends." In ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2005-1229.

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Pinus product (Turpentine) has been proposed as an alternate to petro fuels since the invention of S.I. engine. In general, due to higher volatility, turpentine has been used only in the S.I. engine. But the present work proves that based on the property of turpentine (Table – 1), it is a very good substitute for diesel fuel. The low cetane number of turpentine oil had prevented the use of 100% turpentine oil in diesel engine. The present work explores the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of turpentine diesel blends and its suitability with C.I. engine. The 20% turpentine 80% diesel blend has an equal combustion and performance characteristics with that of diesel fuel. The experimental results show that some of the toxic gases like CO, UBHC and soot are decreased compared to diesel baseline. In particular around 45% to 50% smoke reduction is obtained with higher turpentine blends. Also it proves that 20% addition of turpentine into conventional diesel fuel improve the performance, combustion, and emission to a considerable limit.
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7

Banu, Rima Akhtar, and B. S. Rajanikanth. "Nox removal from petro-diesel exhaust using duct type DBD plasma coupled with industry waste adsorbent." In 2017 International Conference on Technological Advancements in Power and Energy (TAP Energy). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tapenergy.2017.8397362.

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8

Palit, Samiddha, Bijan Kumar Mandal, Sudip Ghosh, and Arup Jyoti Bhowal. "Performance and Emission Characteristics of Bio-Diesel as an Alternative Diesel Engine Fuel." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54283.

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Fast depletion of the conventional petroleum-based fossil fuel reserves and the detrimental effects of the pollutant emissions associated with the combustion of these fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines propelled the exploration and development of alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Biodiesel has been identified as one of the most promising alternative fuels for IC engines. This paper discusses about the advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel vis-a-vis the conventional petro-diesel and presents the energetic performances and emission characteristics of CI engine using biodiesel and biodiesel-petrodiesel blends as fuels. An overview of the current research works carried out by several researchers has been presented in brief. A review of the performance analysis suggests that biodiesel and its blends with conventional diesel have comparable brake thermal efficiencies. The energy balance studies show that biodiesel returns more than 3 units of energy for each unit used in its production. However, the brake specific fuel consumption increases by about 9–14% compared to diesel fuel. But, considerable improvement in environmental performance is obtained using biodiesel. There is significant reduction in the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), soot, particulates, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide with biodiesel. But the NOx emission is more with biodiesel compared to diesel. A case study with Jatropha biodiesel as fuel and the current development status, both global and Indian, of biodiesel as a CI engine fuel have been included in the paper.
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9

Thangaraja, J., K. Anand, and Pramod S. Mehta. "Experimental Investigations on Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of Neat Jatropha Biodiesel and its Methanol Blend in a Diesel Engine." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92041.

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While engines fueled with neat or blended biodiesel have favorable combustion-emission profile in terms of carbon monoxide, particulate matter and unburned hydrocarbons emissions, they are reported to have higher NOx emissions as compared to petro-diesel. On the other hand, use of alcohols especially methanol, though limited in diesel engines, is found to decrease engine exhaust emissions including smoke and NOx emissions. The present experimental investigation evaluates the use of biodiesel-methanol blend in mitigating higher NOx emissions in biodiesel fuelled engines along with its effect on other engine performance conditions. The experimental results obtained for a blend of 90% Jatropha methyl ester and 10% methanol (J90M10) and neat Jatropha methyl ester (J100) by varying engine output load at maximum torque speed of 1400 rpm are analyzed and discussed in this paper. The experimental results at full load operation for J90M10 blend compared with neat J100 indicate a reduction in exhaust nitric oxide and smoke concentrations by 28% and 50% respectively along with a reduction of 2% in peak pressure and 0.5% in brake thermal efficiency. Also, a marginal retard in injection timing and a higher ignition delay period is observed with Jatropha methyl ester -methanol blend operation.
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10

Moshiri, Mohammad R., Malcolm L. Payne, and Manuel Vasquez. "Emission and Performance Effects of Biodiesel Blends of B5, B20 and B100 in a Single-Cylinder Medium-Speed Diesel Engine." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2006-1384.

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Biodiesel blends from two different origins (Canola and Frying oil) were prepared and tested at B5, B20 and B100 concentrations on single cylinder medium-speed research engine at ESDC Inc. The effect of these six fuels (three concentrations, B5, B20 and B100 of each source) on exhaust emissions, fuel consumption (BSFC) and engine horsepower were compared to those of Low Sulphur # 2 Petro-diesel fuel. The engine was tested under three different test settings; Idle, 50% Load and 100% Load. The results showed: reduction in emissions (except NOX) for B5 and B20 of Canola and Frying oil blends while maintaining engine power and fuel efficiency in an acceptable range (within 2%). For B100 blends, reductions were more significant for CO and Smoke opacity but significant increase for NOX and PM emissions. Engine break horsepower was also decreased by %8–%9 with B100 blends. Engine Heat Value Release rate and Fuel Injection Pressure were also recorded for better assessment of fuel efficiency and emission results.
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