Relevant bibliographies by topics / Petrochemical sector

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Petrochemical sector'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

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Suleymanli, O. Z. "Enhancing position of Azerbaijan in the world of petrochemicals business with innovative expansion of Industrial Parks." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 6 (June 15, 2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2020-6-7-63-66.

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The article explores the current situation in the world of petrochemical business and the role of industrial parks in enhancing Azerbaijani’s position in this field. The characteristics of polymer plants investment in the Sumgait Chemical Industry Park have been identified. Future demand for petrochemicals and global market share for different polymer products have been evaluated among different regions of the world. The effect of petrochemicals sector on environment, namely its role in air and water pollution was not ignored as well. The petrochemical plants were founded based on the innovative expansion of industrial parks in Azerbaijan which will eliminate country’s dependence on imports. The statement that thousands of new employment positions will be opened by small and medium enterprises using the final products of these plants as raw materials and subsequently potential increase in export of our country was clarified. Human capital development and professional personnel preparation for petrochemical industry have been highlighted and characterized.
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Hambleton, H. G. "L’essor de l’industrie pétrochimique en Arabie Saoudite." Note 57, no. 4 (January 21, 2009): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/601008ar.

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ABSTRACT Eight giant petrochemical joint ventures will come on stream in Saudi Arabia between 1983 and 1985, reaching full capacity by 1987. While the equity for these complexes will be at least $12 billion, they will benefit from very cheap feedstock making them highly competitive. With the foreign partners in the ventures marketing much of the output abroad and with a growing domestic demand, there should be little difficulty with sales. In any event Saudi Arabia can link the sale of petrochemicals with the availability of crude oil. A re-structuring of the world production of petrochemicals is virtually inevitable, with Saudi Arabia and other countries with cheap feedstock producing bulk petrochemicals while the more industrialized countries concentrate on specialty petrochemicals with a greater value-added. Quebec, with petrochemicals a growth sector, is well placed to take advantage of these changes. Saudi Arabia, which normally runs a substantial trade surpluses with Quebec—some $360 million in 1981—might well opt to invest part of theses surpluses in a petrochemical industry in Quebec.
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Maitah, Mansoor, and Bassam Abdoljabbar. "The Economic Role of Petrochemical Industry in Iran." Modern Applied Science 9, no. 11 (September 30, 2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n11p101.

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<p>Iran’s economy is characterized by over dependence on the oil sector. Iran has been gradually growing into a centre for production of petrochemicals in the world. Petrochemical industry is one of the significant components of oil industry and is one of the principal industries in Iran which has an influential role in Iran’s economy. Although it is widely acknowledged that exports, particularly through manufactured components, play an important role as a potential source of economic growth. Hence, the aim of this research is to analysis the impact of petrochemical products export revenue on economic growth. Therefore the main objective of this research is the study of export-led growth hypothesis (ELG hypothesis) of Iran’s economy in the petrochemical industry by taking a time series data for the period of 1990-2010. It applies ordinary least square (OLS) method to investigate the relationship between gross domestic product, exports of petrochemical products, real exchange rate and inflation. The results of the study show that there is a positive relationship between export of petrochemical products and economic growth which validate export-led growth hypothesis in petrochemical industry while negative impact of inflation and real exchnage rate is observed.</p>
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Zahran, A., A. M. Arafa, A. M. Alaam, and G. El Saiedy. "Environmental and Economic Benefits of Some Air Pollutants Control Case Study: Emissions from different Boilers of different Factories." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (January 26, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v9i1.16352.

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This search is evidence that development plans and environmental conservation go in one direction, where we can decrease environmental pollution with economic benefits simultaneously. By monitoring emissions from four boilers stacks (from petrochemical and food sectors) which working by natural gas. Changes in excess air were conducted to increase combustion efficiency means fuel savings, and decrease pollutant concentration, where there is a relationship between cost, combustion, stack heat loss, fuel-saving, and environment. Combustion efficiency and emitted pollutants from the stacks were measured before and after maintenance, where mixed-air with fuel is changed. In boiler 1 of petrochemical sector, carbon monoxide changed from 2222 to 21 mg/m3. In boiler 2, CO changed from 4695.3 to 5.5 mg/m3. The efficiency of boiler 1 and 2 improved from 75.5% to 92.1%, and from 71.5 to 93.1% respectively. In boiler 1 of food sector CO changed from 2200 to 45 mg/m3. In boiler 2, CO changed from 1900 to 59 mg/m3. The efficiency of boiler1 and 2 improved from 69.8% to 91.4%, and from 76.5% to 91.1% respectively. The cost reduction per year was 8469.1$ and 11692.8$ in the petrochemical sector, while it was 11624.4$ and 12168.2$ in the food sector. Where the cost of maintenance for each boiler was 100,000$, the payback time is 5.11 years for boiler 1 in the petrochemical sector and 3.99 years for boiler 2, while the payback time is 3.86 years for boiler 1 in the food sector and 5.68 years for boiler 2.
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Bondarenko, Tatiana, Alex Borodin, Makpal Zholamanova, Galina Panaedova, Tatiana Belyanchikova, and Lira Gurieva. "Investments to the petrochemical sector: the value of the competitiveness of petrochemical companies." Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 7, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 2510–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(70).

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Latif, Yasir, Muhammad Fiaz, and Muhammad Shoaib. "Important TQM Implementation Contributors in Pakistani Petrochemical Sector." Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 10, no. 4 (October 13, 2014): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.18187/pjsor.v10i3.770.

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Akhtar, Mohammad Hanif, and Muhammad Asif. "Evaluating managerial efficiency of petrochemical firms in Saudi Arabia." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2014-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine managerial efficiency of the whole population of petrochemical firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It also identifies the root causes of inefficiencies and proposes measures to overcome these. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the data envelopment analysis approach to measure the managerial efficiency in context of various returns-to-scales. To glean further insights into the sources of inefficiency, the study investigates the extent of utilization of resources by comparing target inputs vis-à-vis the actual inputs used. This provides the authors information about the degree of underutilization of resources as well as an insight into the sources of inefficiency, e.g., those stemming from the managerial or scale of operations. Findings The findings reveal a great amount of inefficiencies in Saudi petrochemical sector. These inefficiencies arise from both the underutilization of resources as well as the inability of petrochemical firms to run their operations at optimal scales. Practical implications The findings of the study allude toward measures that managers might adopt to overcome the issues of inefficiency. They ought to ensure better utilization of resources by running operations of the firms at optimal scales of production. The firms operating under the sub-optimum scales of operations need to revisit their marketing and production strategies. These might take up the form of boosting marketing efforts to win more orders from customers and increasing production volumes that could allow these firms to take advantage of economies of scale. Originality/value This paper is a first attempt to measure efficiency of petrochemical sector in KSA which stands as the key contributor to the national exchequer. Since the study consists of the whole population of petrochemical firms in KSA, it measures the “true” managerial efficiency of petrochemical firms in the sector. Further, being a pioneer study on managerial efficiency of petrochemical sector, it extends original contribution to the literature on efficiency of firms, combined with rich insights into sources of inefficiencies.
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Finkelstein, Murray M. "Asbestos-associated cancers in the Ontario refinery and petrochemical sector." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 30, no. 5 (November 1996): 610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199611)30:5<610::aid-ajim9>3.0.co;2-w.

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Saygin, Deger, and Dolf Gielen. "Zero-Emission Pathway for the Global Chemical and Petrochemical Sector." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 23, 2021): 3772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133772.

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The chemical and petrochemical sector relies on fossil fuels and feedstocks, and is a major source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The techno-economic potential of 20 decarbonisation options is assessed. While previous analyses focus on the production processes, this analysis covers the full product life cycle CO2 emissions. The analysis elaborates the carbon accounting complexity that results from the non-energy use of fossil fuels, and highlights the importance of strategies that consider the carbon stored in synthetic organic products—an aspect that warrants more attention in long-term energy scenarios and strategies. Average mitigation costs in the sector would amount to 64 United States dollars (USD) per tonne of CO2 for full decarbonisation in 2050. The rapidly declining renewables cost is one main cause for this low-cost estimate. Renewable energy supply solutions, in combination with electrification, account for 40% of total emissions reductions. Annual biomass use grows to 1.3 gigatonnes; green hydrogen electrolyser capacity grows to 2435 gigawatts and recycling rates increase six-fold, while product demand is reduced by a third, compared to the reference case. CO2 capture, storage and use equals 30% of the total decarbonisation effort (1.49 gigatonnes per year), where about one-third of the captured CO2 is of biogenic origin. Circular economy concepts, including recycling, account for 16%, while energy efficiency accounts for 12% of the decarbonisation needed. Achieving full decarbonisation in this sector will increase energy and feedstock costs by more than 35%. The analysis shows the importance of renewables-based solutions, accounting for more than half of the total emissions reduction potential, which was higher than previous estimates.
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NOEL, Fabiana Jung. "THE PRODUCTION ENGINEER'S PERFORMANCE IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY." Periódico Tchê Química 06, no. 3 (August 20, 2006): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v3.n06.2006.agosto/4_pgs_32_36.pdf.

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This work will turn on the current requirement of if incorporating in the industrial sector a multifaceted and apt professional in the taking of decisions that can cause increase of the productivity, minimization of residues, adoption of proper technologies and thus handle each time more the Brazilian chemical sector, more properly the south petrochemical sector.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

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Duhalt, Gomez Adrian. "Industrial cluster governance in a developing country context : evidence from the petrochemical sector in the Mexican state of Veracruz." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7600/.

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This thesis combines analysis of the political economy of Mexico with the global value chain approach to study the trajectory of the development of the Veracruz cluster and the governance structure of vertical inter-firm relationships in the locality. The petrochemical cluster located in the state of Veracruz is formed by a pool of state-owned and local private companies and is arguably the largest agglomeration of industrial firms in southern Mexico. These firms are linked to one another through output-input relationships. State-owned petrochemical complexes, which are part of Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Mexico's oil and natural gas company, supply industrial raw materials that local private firms use to process intermediate petrochemical inputs. Empirical evidence demonstrates that state-owned firms exercise a disproportionate degree of authority over input transactions. The latter assertion is illustrated by the fact that PEMEX-Petrochemicals is the only domestic producer (and therefore supplier) of a large number of inputs demanded in the locality. This, along with the hazardous nature of petrochemical inputs and spatial proximity, has contributed to locking local firms into captive transactional relationships. The significance of studying the Veracruz cluster and the nature of inter-firm transactional relationships lies in the fact that both are heavily influenced by drivers inherent in the development path the country has followed in past decades, which is characterised in the first place by the adoption of import-substituting industrialisation (ISI) policies in the 1960s and 1970s and later by the implementation of market-orientated policies in the 1980s and beyond. The discussion is therefore situated in a much broader empirical setting that pays considerable attention to economic, political, and institutional factors. For instance, external determinants such as the extent of state intervention in economic planning in the 1960s and 1970s, the economic liberalisation process embarked on by Mexico in the 1980s and 1990s, the institutionalisation of sectoral regulatory policies, the reliance of the government on PEMEX revenues, and the implications of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), among others, will help us understand the trajectory of the petrochemical industry and the governance of inter-firm transactional linkages in southern Veracruz.
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Lindstaedt, Ângela Rozane de Souza. "Um estudo exploratório sobre o nível de aderência em empresas, com atuação no Brasil, às normas e recomendações de organismos nacionais e internacionais relativas à divulgação de informações de natureza ambiental." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2808.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:12:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 20
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Com o crescente interesse mundial e com a conscientização de que as organizações e os órgãos governamentais devem desempenhar um papel importante no âmbito do desenvolvimento sustentável, várias normas e recomendações de disclosure ambiental estão sendo editadas. Alguns organismos internacionais ligados à área contábil, tais como o Intergovernmental Working Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (ISAR/UNCTAD) e a International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), têm dedicado atenção às informações contábeis relativas à sustentabilidade ambiental. Da mesma forma, nos Estados Unidos da América e no Brasil, alguns organismos têm emitido normativas relacionadas ao registro contábil e à publicação de informes ambientais. Tais normativas estão relacionadas tanto com a identificação quanto a evidenciação das informações de natureza ambiental nos relatórios anuais das companhias. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo, de caráter exploratório, visa a avaliar o nível de aderência de uma amost
With the growing worldwide interest and awareness of organizations and government organs that have an important role in the area of sustainable development, various standards and recommendations for environmental information disclosure are being issued. Some international entities connected to accounting, such as the Intergovernmental Working Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (ISAR/UNCTAD) and the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), have turned their attention to accounting information that relates to environmental sustainability. In the same way, in United States of America and Brazil some entities have issued standards for account recording and publication of environmental information. These standards relate both to identification and environmental nature information reporting in annual corporate reports. In this context, this exploratory study seeks to evaluate the degree of conformance of a sample of 10 (ten) companies in chemical and petrochemical sector,
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Garcez, Marcos Paixão. "A seleção das estratégias de crescimento e entrada em novos negócios : um estudo de casos na indústria petroquímica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-09032012-084507/.

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Nas décadas de 50 e 60, muitas empresas norte-americanas iniciaram um processo intensivo de diversificação de negócios, principalmente não relacionada, devido à disponibilidade de capital e forte regulação antitruste, atingindo seu ápice no final da década de 60 e gerando o surgimento de conglomerados corporativos gigantes. Nos anos 70, após muitas diversificações mal sucedidas e desinvestimentos, Rumelt (1974) creditou à diversificação relacionada melhores resultados que a não relacionada. Iniciou-se a tendência de retorno à especialização, no entanto se carecia de um modelo que descrevesse como otimizar as diversificações não relacionadas, muitas vezes importantes do ponto de vista estratégico, o que foi contemplado no modelo de Roberts e Berry (1985). Estes autores desenvolveram a caracterização das diferentes alternativas de crescimento bem como em que situações cada qual é recomendada, propondo a seleção de modalidades estratégicas ótimas de crescimento e entrada em novos negócios segundo o grau de novidade e familiaridade com tecnologias e mercados, contemplando assim as escolhas mais indicadas para as diversificações com diferentes graus de relacionamento, incluindo Desenvolvimentos Internos de Produtos e Mercados, Aquisições, Licenciamentos, Internal Ventures, Joint-Ventures, Venture Capital e Educational acquisitions, cada qual mais indicada em função dos fatores críticos da seleção, ou seja, o nível de recursos disponíveis, competências e conhecimento disponíveis nas dimensões de tecnologia e mercado, retorno e prazo de retorno, risco envolvido, aderência estratégica, grau de diversificação almejado e envolvimento gerencial da empresa mãe. No entanto, embora desde então venha sendo recomendado na literatura, os próprios autores recomendaram que o modelo fosse validado em pesquisas de maior abrangência de episódios e em diferentes contextos industriais, já que realizaram o estudo acessando 14 episódios em uma empresa americana com diversificação de negócios. Assim, o objetivo principal do estudo é analisar a validade do modelo proposto por Roberts&Berry, em um universo mais abrangente de pesquisa, para isso realiza-se uma pesquisa utilizando o estudo de casos da Odebrecht Química, com histórico de grande crescimento e diversificação e pertencente à indústria petroquímica brasileira, que representa 8,0 % do PIB industrial do Brasil. São analisados 30 episódios de crescimento e diversificação em profundidade. Identificam-se e caracterizam-se as modalidades de crescimento e entrada em novos negócios da empresa-caso nos últimos vinte anos; verifica-se a adequação destas ao modelo; identificam-se os fatores determinantes da seleção, e identificam-se os fatores críticos determinantes do desempenho destas escolhas. Foram utilizadas entrevistas em profundidade e questionários semiestruturados para a coleta de dados primários e análise documental para a obtenção de dados secundários. Como resultados da pesquisa, verifica-se que os episódios analisados apresentaram forte aderência à matriz de familiaridade de Roberts & Berry, sendo que 87 % dos bem sucedidos se encontravam na modalidade sugerida pela matriz e 100 % dos mal sucedidos se constituíam em modalidades não recomendáveis em face da familiaridade apresentada no momento da seleção. De forma a validar o modelo, acessaram-se os constructos teóricos implícitos na matriz - fatores motivadores da seleção e fatores determinantes do desempenho - com os dados empíricos dos episódios, com o que se conclui pela validade do modelo no setor industrial. Adicionalmente, como refinamento do modelo, propôs-se o enquadramento de novas modalidades não contempladas no modelo original, como fusões e aquisições com integração vertical para trás. Finalmente, analisa-se o caso de parcerias tecnológicas, sugerindo-se o provável enquadramento no modelo, a ser verificado em pesquisas subsequentes. Contribui-se tanto do ponto de vista teórico, trazendo novas evidências sobre a decisão estratégica em empresas de enfoque tecnológico, como do ponto de vista prático, através da avaliação de um modelo de grande interesse empresarial.
In the fifties and the sixties, several American companies started an intensive business diversification process, mainly of the unrelated diversification, in order to face the new environment characterized by capital abundance and strengthen of antitrust regulation issues. This has generated the emerging of giant corporate conglomerates. In the seventies, after a lot of non-profitable diversifications and consequents divestitures episodes, Rumelt (1974) noticed that the companies which had adopted related diversification showed better profit results than those which had adopted the unrelated diversification, and these facts generated a new trend towards the specialization. However, there was a lack of a prescriptive model dealing with the unrelated diversification very important many times for reaching the strategic and long term goals- the one that could describe the best conditions necessary to adopt and optimize the results of these kinds of growth strategies. It was contemplated in the Roberts and Berry (1985) model. These authors presented the characterization of the alternative growth strategies including Internal Product Developments, Internal Market Developments, Acquisitions, Licensings, Internal Ventures, Joint Ventures, Venture Capital and Educational Acquisitions. as well as the optimum situations for selecting each one, according to the relative degree of existing newness and familiarity with technologies and markets, and also depending on the critical selection factors, such as the level of available resources, the abilities and knowledge available in the technology and market dimensions, financial returns over invested capital and break-even time, involved risks, strategic fit, degree of diversification and corporate involvement of the parent company. Although this model has been recommended in the literature since then, its own authors had suggested that it was validated in different industrial contexts and by assessing a wider array of episodes they studied 14 episodes in a diversified American company. Thus, the main aim of the study is to analyze the validity of the Roberts and Berry model in a wider research extension, assessing the empirical data obtained through a case study of a big and diversified Brazilian company, Odebrecht Química, leader in the petrochemical sector, which represents 8% of Brazilian industrial GDP. It analyzes in depth 30 growth and diversification episodes occured in the last 20 years, carrying out the episodes descriptions and characterizations, verifying the adequacy to the model, describing the critical factors for selecting the entry strategies and finally considering the influence of these factors in the performance levels reached. In-depth interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire were used for collecting primary data and document analysis was used for obtaining secondary data. The findings show that empirical data fitted very well to the familiarity matrix, reaching 87 % adherence to the model in the succesful episodes located in regions recommended by the matrix, and 100 % adherence in the incompatible episodes - located in diverse regions recomended by the matrix. In order to validate the theoretical model, the constructs were accessed, as the determinant factors for selecting the strategy and the critical factors of performance. The results allow the conclusion by the validity of the model in the sector analyzed. Additionally, as possible refinements suggested for the model, the inclusion and positioning in the model of the merger strategies and acquisitions with up-stream vertical integration strategies are provided. Finally, a framework to technological partnership strategies is proposed, to be verified in subsequent researches. This study aims to contribute on one hand, from the theoretical point of view, bringing new evidences in the theory of strategic management of technology, as well as from the practical point of view, through the evaluation of a tool for supporting better strategic decisions.
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Auda, R. S. "An analysis of the role of the oil sector in the Iraqi economy 1953-75 and an appraisal of the petrochemical industry as a strategy for achieving future self-sustained development." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370497.

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Al, Ankari Abdulrahman. "Technology transfer : a case study analysis of the Saudi oil and petrochemical sectors." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3465.

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In the recent past a number of technologies have been imported into The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This experience has affirmed the conviction that technology can make an invaluable contribution to the growth of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. However, in doing so, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, like other nations, faces some questions of possible obstacles, trials and errors during the course of industrial development and technology transfer, that can be addressed by utilising science and technology efficiently to develop many sectors, improve output of industry, develop standards and -status of national manpower and its utilisation. This study analyses issues related to successful technology transfer in Saudi industry As such, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between industrial development and technology transfer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the important role that modem technology can play in development of the oil and petrochemicals sectors. The aims are to provide a better understanding of the linkage between technology transfer and industrial development strategies in general, with special emphasis on the performance of the Saudi oil and petrochemical industry in particular. As such, to avoid failures on technology transfer, it becomes an imperative to analyse technology transfer by considering various approaches, as follows: Technology and industry is a key to future growth in Saudi Arabia - The main objective here is to locate, attract and keep industry. The concept of technology and industry deals with role of technology and the dynamics of Saudi's industry environment to excel in markets. Strategy at the functional level - this relates to the various activities assigned to different departments in the organisational structure. The concept means that all functions must be conducted in accordance with industry, technology and strategy. Strategy and technology - this means how to transfer an already existing technology to Saudi industry. Strategy for research and development - The concept deals mainly with how to plan, finance and implement R&D for products, security, environmental protection etc. Where to draw the line between general and specific objectives in R&D. The chosen method to study these issues is case study analysis of SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation) and Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company). SABIC has been established for two main strategic objectives that go together in two parallel lines. The first objective aims to develop human resources and to turn them into a trained category that has the capability to transfer, assimilate and develop the most sophisticated technologies. The second objective aims to develop the natural resources and convert them to industrial products, helping to diversify the domestic income sources and open iii the doors for building up processing industries to satisfy the local and external market requirements. The first case study (SABIC) provides an overview of the phenomenon of technology transfer to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. For comparative purposes the second case study involves a case study of Saudi Arabia's largest oil firm (Saudi Aramco). These two case studies have been selected for their: i role in technology transfer in Saudi oil and petrochemical sectors, ii approach and access to greater resources in technology transfer, iii exposure of firm behaviour in the Saudi industrial sector, iv contribution to Saudi economic development and realisation of additional income through improved operations. The two case studies, typical of large companies not only in Saudi Arabia but also in the world, will address the obstacles in learning, committing and increasing performance through technology transfer. These cases highlight a range of choices available in technology transfer, which provide a wide range of means for technological learning through transfer. They offer different opportunities for further innovation and technology development. Although Saudi Aramco and SABIC claim 80 percent and 73 percent " Saudisation", respectively, the survey indicates that native Saudis need more participation and involvement in technology process in order to raise their technological know-how. As a result of this study, a common approach to technology transfer into Saudi Aramco and SABIC may be developed and applied by industry, per its requirements to address existing and prospective problems. At present Saudi Arabia has the capacity to absorb new technologies in its growing industrial sector. This is required to meet its desired objectives of becoming industrialised and self-sufficient in required technologies. The real test of effective technology transfer in this study is the need to build Saudi local technological capability supported by an effective learning strategy. The ultimate aim is to expand the scope of this study beyond the academic level towards the practical challenges of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of inward technology transfer for future Saudi industrial development.
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Sánchez, Bajo Claudia B. "The political economy of regionalism business actors in Mercosur in the petrochemical and steel industrial sectors /." Maastricht : Shaker Pub, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48560669.html.

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Horsák, Libor. "Optimalizace tvaru háků v pecích petrochemického průmyslu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228912.

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Master’s thesis, „Optimization of hanger design in petrochemical industry heaters”, describes a procedure and means, leading to better hanger design in various cases. The thesis describes several problems which are necessary to be solved in hanger design. Technical expertise is executed on hangers of various designs. The procedure of optimization is shown on one chosen hanger design.
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Rafferty, John Gerard. "Robust weld quality : a quality system model for welding engineering and fabrication methodology in the petrochemical, process, structural and offshore industry sectors." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244009.

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Rowe, Kelley. "Bottlenecks and constraints within the local labour market for engineers in the petrochemical industry sector : a case study of Engen Refinery, Wentworth." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1752.

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This research investigates the specific labour market dynamics that underline the shortage of engineers in the Petrochemical Industry in South Africa. The central argument of this dissertation is that an understanding of a skills shortage requires a distinct knowledge of the internal and external nature of each labour market in which the shortage is being experienced. This dissertation develops a critique of the neoclassical perspective which dominates current analysis of skill shortages. While it is important to understand the external labour market, it is equally important to consider the internal labour market to better identify and understand the specific dynamics that underline a skills shortage in an organisation and industry. Using Engen Refinery as a case study, this dissertation focuses on an in depth examination of the experiences of engineers working at the Refinery. The findings reveal that the dynamics that underline the skill shortage of engineers in the Petrochemical Industry in the South African context are manifold. Skill shortages are a consequence of dynamics in both the external and internal labour market; these I argue are interrelated.
Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.
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Ankari, A. A. "Technology Transfer: A Case Study Analysis of the Saudi Oil and Petrochemical Sectors." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3894.

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In the recent past a number of technologies have been imported into The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This experience has affirmed the conviction that technology can make an invaluable contribution to the growth of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. However, in doing so, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, like other nations, faces some questions of possible obstacles, trials and errors during the course of industrial development and technology transfer, that can be addressed by utilising science and technology efficiently to develop many sectors, improve output of industry, develop standards and -status of national manpower and its utilisation. This study analyses issues related to successful technology transfer in Saudi industry As such, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between industrial development and technology transfer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the important role that modem technology can play in development of the oil and petrochemicals sectors. The aims are to provide a better understanding of the linkage between technology transfer and industrial development strategies in general, with special emphasis on the performance of the Saudi oil and petrochemical industry in particular. As such, to avoid failures on technology transfer, it becomes an imperative to analyse technology transfer by considering various approaches, as follows: Technology and industry is a key to future growth in Saudi Arabia - The main objective here is to locate, attract and keep industry. The concept of technology and industry deals with role of technology and the dynamics of Saudi's industry environment to excel in markets. Strategy at the functional level - this relates to the various activities assigned to different departments in the organisational structure. The concept means that all functions must be conducted in accordance with industry, technology and strategy. Strategy and technology - this means how to transfer an already existing technology to Saudi industry. Strategy for research and development - The concept deals mainly with how to plan, finance and implement R&D for products, security, environmental protection etc. Where to draw the line between general and specific objectives in R&D. The chosen method to study these issues is case study analysis of SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation) and Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company). SABIC has been established for two main strategic objectives that go together in two parallel lines. The first objective aims to develop human resources and to turn them into a trained category that has the capability to transfer, assimilate and develop the most sophisticated technologies. The second objective aims to develop the natural resources and convert them to industrial products, helping to diversify the domestic income sources and open the doors for building up processing industries to satisfy the local and external market requirements. The first case study (SABIC) provides an overview of the phenomenon of technology transfer to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. For comparative purposes the second case study involves a case study of Saudi Arabia's largest oil firm (Saudi Aramco). These two case studies have been selected for their: i role in technology transfer in Saudi oil and petrochemical sectors, ii approach and access to greater resources in technology transfer, iii exposure of firm behaviour in the Saudi industrial sector, iv contribution to Saudi economic development and realisation of additional income through improved operations. The two case studies, typical of large companies not only in Saudi Arabia but also in the world, will address the obstacles in learning, committing and increasing performance through technology transfer. These cases highlight a range of choices available in technology transfer, which provide a wide range of means for technological learning through transfer. They offer different opportunities for further innovation and technology development. Although Saudi Aramco and SABIC claim 80 percent and 73 percent " Saudisation", respectively, the survey indicates that native Saudis need more participation and involvement in technology process in order to raise their technological know-how. As a result of this study, a common approach to technology transfer into Saudi Aramco and SABIC may be developed and applied by industry, per its requirements to address existing and prospective problems. At present Saudi Arabia has the capacity to absorb new technologies in its growing industrial sector. This is required to meet its desired objectives of becoming industrialised and self-sufficient in required technologies. The real test of effective technology transfer in this study is the need to build Saudi local technological capability supported by an effective learning strategy. The ultimate aim is to expand the scope of this study beyond the academic level towards the practical challenges of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of inward technology transfer for future Saudi industrial development.
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Books on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

1

Murray, Tracy. International trade in the petrochemical sector: Implications for developing countries : study. New York: United Nations, 1985.

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Vergara, Walter. The new face of the world petrochemical sector: Implications for developing countries. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1988.

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Bajo, Claudia B. Sánchez. The political economy of regionalism: Business actors in Mercosur in the petrochemical and steel industrial sectors. Maastricht: Shaker Pub., 2001.

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India) India Chem (Conference) (8th 2014 Mumbai. India Chem 2014: Spurting the growth of Indian chemical industry : handbook on Indian chemicals and petrochemicals sector. New Delhi: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, 2014.

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Commission, United States International Trade. The shift from U.S. production of commodity petrochemicals to value-added specialty chemical products and the possible impact on U.S. trade: Report on investigation no. 332-183 under section 332(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930. Washington, D.C: U.S. International Trade Commission, 1985.

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Commission, United States International Trade. The shift from U.S. production of commodity petrochemicals to value-added specialty chemical products and the possible impact on U.S. trade: Report on investigation no. 332-183 under section 332(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930. Washington, D.C: U.S. International Trade Commission, 1985.

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Commission, United States International Trade. The shift from U.S. production of commodity petrochemicals to value-added specialty chemical products and the possible impact on U.S. trade: Report on investigation no. 332-183 under section 332(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930. Washington, D.C: U.S. International Trade Commission, 1985.

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Commission, United States International Trade. The shift from U.S. production of commodity petrochemicals to value-added specialty chemical products and the possible impact on U.S. trade: Report on investigation no. 332-183 under section 332(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930. Washington, D.C: U.S. International Trade Commission, 1985.

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United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Sectoral Studies Branch., ed. The Petrochemical industry: The sector in figures. [Vienna, Austria]: United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Sectoral Studies Branch, Division for Industrial Studies, 1985.

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International Trade in the Petrochemical Sector: Implications for Developing Countries. United Nations Pubns, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

1

Johnsen, Stig O., Andreas Aas, and Ying Qian. "Sector-Specific Information Infrastructure Issues in the Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Sector." In Critical Infrastructure Protection, 235–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28920-0_11.

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Habib, Muhktar, and Xie Congjiao. "The Ajoukuta–Kaduna-Kano Natural Gas Pipeline Project. An Opportunity for The Nigerian Gas Sector." In Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2020, 43–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1123-0_5.

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Hosein, Roger. "The Petrochemical Sector of T&T: With Reference to the Methanol Industry in T&T." In Oil and Gas in Trinidad and Tobago, 115–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77669-5_6.

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Ismail, Norafidah. "Sino-Saudi Joint Ventures and Trade in Petrochemical Sector." In Materials Science and Engineering, 1239–53. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1798-6.ch048.

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The paper seeks to analyse the development of joint investment in the petrochemical projects and the growth of petrochemical trade between the two countries. It will also examine an important issue that has not yet been resolved in the Sino-Saudi petrochemicals trade. Saudi and Chinese companies recorded successful performance in the joint venture petrochemical projects in Quanzhou, Tianjin and Yanbu (Saudi Arabia). The potential cooperation of these firms in Dalian project, however, was affected by the economic policy of the China's government. A serious challenge emerged in the Sino-Saudi petrochemical business when the Chinese government planned to implement unfavourable protectionist policy against some of the world producers and exporters of petrochemicals. At the present, an anti-dumping issue of petrochemical products between the two countries has not yet been resolved.
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Ismail, Norafidah. "Sino-Saudi Joint Ventures and Trade in Petrochemical Sector." In Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy, 312–25. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9806-2.ch017.

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The paper seeks to analyse the development of joint investment in the petrochemical projects and the growth of petrochemical trade between the two countries. It will also examine an important issue that has not yet been resolved in the Sino-Saudi petrochemicals trade. Saudi and Chinese companies recorded successful performance in the joint venture petrochemical projects in Quanzhou, Tianjin and Yanbu (Saudi Arabia). The potential cooperation of these firms in Dalian project, however, was affected by the economic policy of the China's government. A serious challenge emerged in the Sino-Saudi petrochemical business when the Chinese government planned to implement unfavourable protectionist policy against some of the world producers and exporters of petrochemicals. At the present, an anti-dumping issue of petrochemical products between the two countries has not yet been resolved.
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"5. The Petrochemical Sector." In Restrained Trade, 122–68. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501717512-008.

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"Industrial Relations in the Petrochemical Sector." In Industrial Relations in Singapore, 491–533. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813230361_0021.

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"Corporate governance or governance by corporates? Testing governmentality in the context of China’s national oil and petrochemical business groups." In Managing China's Energy Sector, 70–86. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315718019-16.

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Ray, Saon, and Smita Miglani. "Integration in the petrochemicals sector in India." In Global Value Chains and the Missing Links, 173–89. Routledge India, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429469855-10.

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Alshammari, Ahmad, Venkata Narayana Kalevaru, Abdulaziz Bagabas, and Andreas Martin. "Production of Ethylene and its Commercial Importance in the Global Market." In Petrochemical Catalyst Materials, Processes, and Emerging Technologies, 82–115. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9975-5.ch004.

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Ethylene is the largest of the olefin markets and is also one of the most important petrochemically derived monomers that are used as a feedstock for the production of various commercially useful chemical products (e.g. polyethylene, polymers, fibers etc.). The primary objective of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview about olefins particularly ethylene production technologies and its commercial significance in the world market. The content of this chapter is presented as follows: a general overview about olefins production is given. This is followed by introducing the reader to ethylene including its properties importance/applications. The next section describes the production technologies of ethylene and some of its selected derivatives, followed by an overview of the technology, market, costs, capacity, global demand and supply of ethylene technology. Finally, main points and outlook of this highly industrially important commodity chemical are summarized.
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Conference papers on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

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Silva, Tarcísio Pedro da, Daniel Fernando Padilha, Nelson Hein, Andressa Michels, and Camila Freitas Sant´Ana. "PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY FINANCIAL SECTOR HIGH-TECH ENTERPRISES CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL." In 13th CONTECSI International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management. TECSI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5748/9788599693124-13contecsi/rf-3759.

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Ramos, Carlos, Xavier Martínez, Montse Calderer, Miquel Rovira, David Arias, Verónica Gomez, Óscar Ruzafa, et al. "REWATCH: innovative treatment scheme for wastewater treatment and water recovery into the petrochemical sector." In 14th Mediterranean Congress of Chemical Engineering (MeCCE14). Grupo Pacífico, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/mecce-14.dg.09.05.

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Paxton, Charles H. "Reliability Based Maintenance in the Industrial/Manufacturing Sector(s)." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63896.

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Reliability Based Maintenance (RBM) programs are commonplace in the Aviation, Power Generation and Chemical / Petrochemical industries. In these sectors, Equipment Failure is not an option. The Industrial / Manufacturing sector(s) have not fully embraced the RBM concept and for the most part routinely suffer loss of production output and the subsequent loss of revenue associated with equipment failures. Two of the Key Elements to the successful implementation of the RBM process in the Industrial / manufacturing sector(s) is the establishment of Reliability and Maintainability Specification and a viable Machinery / Equipment Lubrication and General Preventive Maintenance Program. This Paper will outline procedures for establishing an RBM Program. Methods to evaluate the results will be outlined as well.
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Shafagh, Ida, Kevin J. Hughes, Elena Catalanotti, Zhen Liu, Mohamed Pourkashanian, and Chris W. Wilson. "Experimental and Modelling Studies of the Oxidation of Surrogate Bio-Aviation Fuels." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45982.

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Jet fuels currently in use in the aviation industry are exclusively kerosene-based. However, potential problems regarding security of supply, climate change and increasing cost are becoming more significant, exacerbated by the rapidly growing demand from the aviation sector. Biofuels are considered one of the most suitable alternatives to petrochemical-based fuels in the aviation industry in the short to medium term, since blends of biofuel and kerosene provide a good balance of properties currently required from an aviation fuel. Experimental studies at a variety of stoichiometries using a flat flame burner with kerosene and kerosene/biofuel blends have been performed with product analysis by gas sampling and laser induced fluorescence detection of OH, CO and CO2. These studies have been complemented by modelling using the PREMIX module of Chemkin to provide insights into and to validate combined models describing the oxidation chemistry of surrogate fuels depicting kerosene, fatty acid methyl ester biofuels and Fischer-Tropsch derived fuels. Sensitivity analysis has identified important reactions within these schemes which where appropriate have been investigated by molecular modelling techniques available within GAUSSIAN 03.
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Alsuwailem, Majed. "The Road to Zero Routine Gas Flaring: A Case Study from Saudi Arabia." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21182-ms.

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Abstract Gas is envisaged as the fuel of choice in the power sector and is ideal for helping to transition toward clean, sustainable, and affordable energy access. As vital as gas is for electricity generation, the petrochemical industry, the transportation sector, and heating, many oil operators either flare or vent associated gas, a by-product of oil extraction, at the wellhead or gathering stations. Gas flaring releases greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere. It occurs for various reasons, including infrastructure and financial constraints to capture the gas, inadequate regulatory frameworks, or binding contractual rights. The World Bank estimated the amount of flared natural gas in the oil and gas industry reached 5.1 trillion cubic feet (tcf) in 2018 (World Bank 2018). The amount of energy lost due to flaring or venting this gas is equivalent to more than 770 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh). It releases more than 310 million tonnes of carbon equivalent. Many countries and oil operators have managed to mitigate gas flaring and venting across their oil and gas value chains due to these troubling statistics. One such example is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Before 1975, the Saudi oil and gas industry flared or vented over 4 billion standard cubic feet (SCF) of associated gas, a by-product of oil extraction. The flaring intensity would have increased had it not been for the construction of Saudi Arabia’s Master Gas System (MGS). The Kingdom’s gas flaring mitigation process is a successful case study of how governments and oil operators can collaborate to eliminate gas flaring by developing a domestic market for gas and enhancing the value of natural gas resources. It also demonstrates the successful transition that the kingdom had in the past five decades to achieve zero flaring through technology deployment and advancing the "reduce" component of the circular carbon economy. This paper discusses Saudi Arabia’s progress in gas flaring, the measures the government has taken thus far, and how operators have adapted to them. It also identifies many lessons learned and technological solutions that could be scaled up on a national or a corporate level to reduce gas flaring towards achieving zero routine flaring targets, especially in cases where the state owns hydrocarbon assets and leases them to private operators.
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Koc¸ak, Mustafa. "Fitness for Service Analysis of Structures Using the FITNET Procedure: An Overview." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67564.

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A number of Fitness-for-Service (FFS) procedures (include analytical methods) have been specifically developed and used to address the components of a particular industrial sector. A number of industrial sectors, such as nuclear power, petrochemical, offshore, aerospace or pipeline girth weld applications have established FFS standards in place for the assessment of flaws found in-service. Some methods for design and remaining life assessments of fatigue-loaded structures are still unduly conservative in different loading regimes. Hence, there is still a need to generate a general purpose, unified, comprehensive and updated FFS methodology in Europe by covering four major failure modes (fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion) in metallic load bearing components with or without welds. As a result, the European Community funded the project FITNET in the form of a Thematic Network (TN) organisation to review the existing FFS procedures and develop an updated, unified and verified European FITNET FFS Procedure to cover structural integrity analysis to avoid failures due to fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion. FITNET TN is a four year project with the objective of developing and extending the use of FITNET FFS Procedure for welded and non-welded metallic structures throughout Europe. It is partly funded by the European Commission within the fifth framework programme and launched at February 2002. The network currently consists of 50 organisations from 16 European and three non-European countries representing various industrial sectors and academia. Further information can be found in the FITNET TN website: http://www.eurofitnet.org. FITNET Fitness-for-Service analysis of engineering structures aims to provide better design principles, support for fabrication of new components, prevention of service failures due to fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion damages (no coverage of structural instability due to buckling). FITNET FFS criteria can be used to establish the size limits for defects in various engineering structures and can provide substantial cost savings in operating such structures. The use of the FITNET FFS Procedure involves making an assessment of a component containing a defect to ensure its structural integrity for its intended design life or until its next inspection period. The outcome of the assessment of a component in service is a decision to operate as is, repair, monitor (including re-setting of inspection intervals), or replace. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the objectives and technical content of the FITNET FFS Procedure currently developed and validated by the European Fitness for Service Network FITNET and hence inform the offshore technical community.
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Jawad, Maan. "Allowable Compressive Stress Rules in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, in the Creep Regime." In ASME 2018 Symposium on Elevated Temperature Application of Materials for Fossil, Nuclear, and Petrochemical Industries. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etam2018-6737.

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This paper outlines several procedures for developing allowable compressive stress rules in the creep regime (time dependent regime). The rules are intended for the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel codes (Sections I and VIII). The proposed rules extend the methodology presently outlined in Sections I, II-D, and VIII of the ASME code for temperatures below the creep regime into temperatures where creep is a consideration.
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Anderson, David I., and David J. Dewees. "Design by Analysis in the Modernized Boiler Code." In ASME 2018 Symposium on Elevated Temperature Application of Materials for Fossil, Nuclear, and Petrochemical Industries. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etam2018-6749.

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In general Section I of the ASME Boiler Code was originally developed for industrial boilers through to sub-critical boilers operating at relatively low temperatures and pressures under steady state conditions. Current and future boilers do and will operate at higher temperatures and pressures under cyclic loading requiring a more detailed assessment and examination to ensure safe and reliable operation. Design by Analysis (DBA) methods will be fundamental to the assessment process for key boiler components. It is intended that the Code will incorporate several DBA methods, ranging in complexity, to allow the user some flexibility to select the method appropriate to the design conditions. The methods currently being considered include an elastic approach based on Section VIII Division 2, a simplified inelastic approach, an inelastic approach based on the Omega method from API 579, the Section VIII Division 2 Code Case 2843 based on the Section III Part NH rules utilizing the strain deformation method and a new Section III Code Case based on the EN 13445 approach. This paper will look at the key aspects of the methods and highlight the limitations of each.
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Mohite, S. D. D. "Downstream Refining and Petrochemicals Challenges - Future Configuration." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169979-ms.

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Abstract Precise predictions and solutions for tomorrow's needs are the key to building a growing, sustainable business. This requires a mixture of vision, strategic risk taking business model and investment in new technology. Refining trends forecast is useful for predicting possible landscape, where in challenge would be to meet twice the energy levels from today with half the CO2 emissions by 2030. Increasing and diversification of world's energy supplies to support the population of over 8 billion then would be a mammoth task, given that the triangle of energy, food and water will be crucial. Three fundamental factors that will influence and shape this setting are: Global products demand will rise by 1.1% - 1.3% annually by 2030 to over 115 million barrels per day, with marginal influence of crude oil prices;Reinforced legislation targeting reduction of GHG emissions, requiring improved clean transportation and bunker fuels - accounting 2/3rd of total demand and growth;Refining and Petrochemicals form the backbone of global economics and meeting demand with inevitable steady profitability is a major task possibly also using alternative unconventional sources. In competitive context – innovation, operational excellence and implementation of robust strategies are critical for sustenance and growth. Project returns can however be enhanced by incorporating integration principles and model at the design stage itself. Whilst development pace of new technologies would accelerate which can radically alter business structure in certain geographies, question remains on what makes a successful project come to fruition. The presentation discusses futuristic economic unlocking of value by application of technology models and best practices by utilizing various feed-stocks, including natural gas as a main competitor and maximum upgrading bottom-of-the-barrel. Besides, novel process designs and operational control would be squeezed as it is invariably the last fraction which is most difficult to remove! This paper contains forward-looking scenario about global Refining strategy, Petrochemicals feed-stock cost advantages, technology diversification routes to maximize returns from cheaper sources, financial performance and economics, growth opportunities in various countries, sectors or markets, besides a focus on Europe and GCC regions and current projects in Kuwait. However, these involve uncertainty as they depend mainly on future circumstances like commercializing R&D, not all of which can be controlled or accurately predicted, hence are directional for investment decisions.
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Anderson, David, Nadarajah Chithranjan, Maan Jawad, and Antoine Martin. "Comparison of the Requirements of the British R5, French RCC-MRx, Proposed New Rules in ASME Section VIII, and API 579 Codes in the Design of a Cylinder Subjected to Pressure With Thermal Gradient at Elevated Creep Temperatures." In ASME 2014 Symposium on Elevated Temperature Application of Materials for Fossil, Nuclear, and Petrochemical Industries. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etam2014-1041.

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The authors analyze two sample problems using four different international codes in the evaluation. The first is the British R5 code, the second is the French RCC-MRx code, third is the ASME Section VIII, Division 2, code using proposed new simplified rules taken from the ASME nuclear code section NH, and the fourth is the API 579 code. The requirements, assumptions, and limitations of each of the four codes as they pertain to the sample problems are presented. The first sample problem is for creep-fatigue analysis of a cylindrical shell subjected to internal pressure with a linear thermal gradient through the wall. The second sample problem is evaluating the critical buckling strength of the cylindrical shell under external pressure in accordance with proposed new rules in ASME Section VIII, Division 2, API 579, and a finite element analysis. Paper published with permission.
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Reports on the topic "Petrochemical sector"

1

The Future of the Petrochemicals Industry and Sino-Saudi Cooperation. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-wb12.

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The Covid-19 pandemic and the responses to it have had a pronounced impact on the global economy. Major consuming sectors for petrochemicals, including cars and appliances, construction and textiles, have suffered a slump in demand. The production outputs of petrochemicals also vary across regions and countries, with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and China the least affected. Slowed economic growth, increased price volatility of feedstocks, intensified geopolitics and trade barriers, growing concern over health, safety and environment (HSE) standards, among other disrupters, are driving changes in the petrochemical industry.
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