Journal articles: 'Petrochemical sector'

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Suleymanli, O. Z. "Enhancing position of Azerbaijan in the world of petrochemicals business with innovative expansion of Industrial Parks." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 6 (June 15, 2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2020-6-7-63-66.

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The article explores the current situation in the world of petrochemical business and the role of industrial parks in enhancing Azerbaijani’s position in this field. The characteristics of polymer plants investment in the Sumgait Chemical Industry Park have been identified. Future demand for petrochemicals and global market share for different polymer products have been evaluated among different regions of the world. The effect of petrochemicals sector on environment, namely its role in air and water pollution was not ignored as well. The petrochemical plants were founded based on the innovative expansion of industrial parks in Azerbaijan which will eliminate country’s dependence on imports. The statement that thousands of new employment positions will be opened by small and medium enterprises using the final products of these plants as raw materials and subsequently potential increase in export of our country was clarified. Human capital development and professional personnel preparation for petrochemical industry have been highlighted and characterized.

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Hambleton, H. G. "L’essor de l’industrie pétrochimique en Arabie Saoudite." Note 57, no. 4 (January 21, 2009): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/601008ar.

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ABSTRACT Eight giant petrochemical joint ventures will come on stream in Saudi Arabia between 1983 and 1985, reaching full capacity by 1987. While the equity for these complexes will be at least $12 billion, they will benefit from very cheap feedstock making them highly competitive. With the foreign partners in the ventures marketing much of the output abroad and with a growing domestic demand, there should be little difficulty with sales. In any event Saudi Arabia can link the sale of petrochemicals with the availability of crude oil. A re-structuring of the world production of petrochemicals is virtually inevitable, with Saudi Arabia and other countries with cheap feedstock producing bulk petrochemicals while the more industrialized countries concentrate on specialty petrochemicals with a greater value-added. Quebec, with petrochemicals a growth sector, is well placed to take advantage of these changes. Saudi Arabia, which normally runs a substantial trade surpluses with Quebec—some $360 million in 1981—might well opt to invest part of theses surpluses in a petrochemical industry in Quebec.

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Maitah, Mansoor, and Bassam Abdoljabbar. "The Economic Role of Petrochemical Industry in Iran." Modern Applied Science 9, no. 11 (September 30, 2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n11p101.

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<p>Iran’s economy is characterized by over dependence on the oil sector. Iran has been gradually growing into a centre for production of petrochemicals in the world. Petrochemical industry is one of the significant components of oil industry and is one of the principal industries in Iran which has an influential role in Iran’s economy. Although it is widely acknowledged that exports, particularly through manufactured components, play an important role as a potential source of economic growth. Hence, the aim of this research is to analysis the impact of petrochemical products export revenue on economic growth. Therefore the main objective of this research is the study of export-led growth hypothesis (ELG hypothesis) of Iran’s economy in the petrochemical industry by taking a time series data for the period of 1990-2010. It applies ordinary least square (OLS) method to investigate the relationship between gross domestic product, exports of petrochemical products, real exchange rate and inflation. The results of the study show that there is a positive relationship between export of petrochemical products and economic growth which validate export-led growth hypothesis in petrochemical industry while negative impact of inflation and real exchnage rate is observed.</p>

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Zahran, A., A. M. Arafa, A. M. Alaam, and G. El Saiedy. "Environmental and Economic Benefits of Some Air Pollutants Control Case Study: Emissions from different Boilers of different Factories." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (January 26, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v9i1.16352.

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This search is evidence that development plans and environmental conservation go in one direction, where we can decrease environmental pollution with economic benefits simultaneously. By monitoring emissions from four boilers stacks (from petrochemical and food sectors) which working by natural gas. Changes in excess air were conducted to increase combustion efficiency means fuel savings, and decrease pollutant concentration, where there is a relationship between cost, combustion, stack heat loss, fuel-saving, and environment. Combustion efficiency and emitted pollutants from the stacks were measured before and after maintenance, where mixed-air with fuel is changed. In boiler 1 of petrochemical sector, carbon monoxide changed from 2222 to 21 mg/m3. In boiler 2, CO changed from 4695.3 to 5.5 mg/m3. The efficiency of boiler 1 and 2 improved from 75.5% to 92.1%, and from 71.5 to 93.1% respectively. In boiler 1 of food sector CO changed from 2200 to 45 mg/m3. In boiler 2, CO changed from 1900 to 59 mg/m3. The efficiency of boiler1 and 2 improved from 69.8% to 91.4%, and from 76.5% to 91.1% respectively. The cost reduction per year was 8469.1$ and 11692.8$ in the petrochemical sector, while it was 11624.4$ and 12168.2$ in the food sector. Where the cost of maintenance for each boiler was 100,000$, the payback time is 5.11 years for boiler 1 in the petrochemical sector and 3.99 years for boiler 2, while the payback time is 3.86 years for boiler 1 in the food sector and 5.68 years for boiler 2.

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Bondarenko, Tatiana, Alex Borodin, Makpal Zholamanova, Galina Panaedova, Tatiana Belyanchikova, and Lira Gurieva. "Investments to the petrochemical sector: the value of the competitiveness of petrochemical companies." Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 7, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 2510–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(70).

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Latif, Yasir, Muhammad Fiaz, and Muhammad Shoaib. "Important TQM Implementation Contributors in Pakistani Petrochemical Sector." Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 10, no. 4 (October 13, 2014): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.18187/pjsor.v10i3.770.

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Akhtar, Mohammad Hanif, and Muhammad Asif. "Evaluating managerial efficiency of petrochemical firms in Saudi Arabia." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2014-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine managerial efficiency of the whole population of petrochemical firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It also identifies the root causes of inefficiencies and proposes measures to overcome these. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the data envelopment analysis approach to measure the managerial efficiency in context of various returns-to-scales. To glean further insights into the sources of inefficiency, the study investigates the extent of utilization of resources by comparing target inputs vis-à-vis the actual inputs used. This provides the authors information about the degree of underutilization of resources as well as an insight into the sources of inefficiency, e.g., those stemming from the managerial or scale of operations. Findings The findings reveal a great amount of inefficiencies in Saudi petrochemical sector. These inefficiencies arise from both the underutilization of resources as well as the inability of petrochemical firms to run their operations at optimal scales. Practical implications The findings of the study allude toward measures that managers might adopt to overcome the issues of inefficiency. They ought to ensure better utilization of resources by running operations of the firms at optimal scales of production. The firms operating under the sub-optimum scales of operations need to revisit their marketing and production strategies. These might take up the form of boosting marketing efforts to win more orders from customers and increasing production volumes that could allow these firms to take advantage of economies of scale. Originality/value This paper is a first attempt to measure efficiency of petrochemical sector in KSA which stands as the key contributor to the national exchequer. Since the study consists of the whole population of petrochemical firms in KSA, it measures the “true” managerial efficiency of petrochemical firms in the sector. Further, being a pioneer study on managerial efficiency of petrochemical sector, it extends original contribution to the literature on efficiency of firms, combined with rich insights into sources of inefficiencies.

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Finkelstein, Murray M. "Asbestos-associated cancers in the Ontario refinery and petrochemical sector." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 30, no. 5 (November 1996): 610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199611)30:5<610::aid-ajim9>3.0.co;2-w.

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Saygin, Deger, and Dolf Gielen. "Zero-Emission Pathway for the Global Chemical and Petrochemical Sector." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 23, 2021): 3772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133772.

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The chemical and petrochemical sector relies on fossil fuels and feedstocks, and is a major source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The techno-economic potential of 20 decarbonisation options is assessed. While previous analyses focus on the production processes, this analysis covers the full product life cycle CO2 emissions. The analysis elaborates the carbon accounting complexity that results from the non-energy use of fossil fuels, and highlights the importance of strategies that consider the carbon stored in synthetic organic products—an aspect that warrants more attention in long-term energy scenarios and strategies. Average mitigation costs in the sector would amount to 64 United States dollars (USD) per tonne of CO2 for full decarbonisation in 2050. The rapidly declining renewables cost is one main cause for this low-cost estimate. Renewable energy supply solutions, in combination with electrification, account for 40% of total emissions reductions. Annual biomass use grows to 1.3 gigatonnes; green hydrogen electrolyser capacity grows to 2435 gigawatts and recycling rates increase six-fold, while product demand is reduced by a third, compared to the reference case. CO2 capture, storage and use equals 30% of the total decarbonisation effort (1.49 gigatonnes per year), where about one-third of the captured CO2 is of biogenic origin. Circular economy concepts, including recycling, account for 16%, while energy efficiency accounts for 12% of the decarbonisation needed. Achieving full decarbonisation in this sector will increase energy and feedstock costs by more than 35%. The analysis shows the importance of renewables-based solutions, accounting for more than half of the total emissions reduction potential, which was higher than previous estimates.

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NOEL, Fabiana Jung. "THE PRODUCTION ENGINEER'S PERFORMANCE IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY." Periódico Tchê Química 06, no. 3 (August 20, 2006): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v3.n06.2006.agosto/4_pgs_32_36.pdf.

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This work will turn on the current requirement of if incorporating in the industrial sector a multifaceted and apt professional in the taking of decisions that can cause increase of the productivity, minimization of residues, adoption of proper technologies and thus handle each time more the Brazilian chemical sector, more properly the south petrochemical sector.

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Khairullin, Ilshat, Alina Khasanova, and Guzel Khaziakhmetova. "Management of economical and structural changes of business in energy-intensive industrial sectors: Using the example of the petrochemical industry." International Review, no. 3-4 (2020): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/intrev2003065k.

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The petrochemical industry is one of the main branches of Russian industry development. The average growth rate of the petrochemical industry in 2016-2018 was higher than in the manufacturing sector-about 5%; in 2019, it was 2.7%. The growth of production due to the high level of demand for the products of petrochemical enterprises determines the same characteristic of their investment activity. The desire of Russian petrochemical companies to develop the production of high-value products, economic analysis of production, structural analysis of production, availability of raw materials, assessment of energy intensity and competitiveness of existing technologies is extremely important. In this regard, the article is devoted to the management of structural changes in the business in the petrochemical industry. Recently, an analysis of average electricity consumption by petrochemical enterprises in Russia and abroad shows that enterprises lag far behind, although foreign enterprises produce slightly more than Russian enterprises in terms of production volumes. The main reason for the desire of enterprises to restructure are, of course, unsatisfactory values of financial indicators, there is also a shortage of working capital, large amounts of accounts payable, operating costs. In the process of enterprise restructuring, it is increasingly planned to create gas and petrochemical conglomerates-clusters that form the basis for the development of production; the production chain will be implemented from the production of hydrocarbons to the production of consumer goods.

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Azad, Sayyed Mohsen, and Seyed Hassan Ghodsypour. "Modeling the dynamics of technological innovation system in the oil and gas sector." Kybernetes 47, no. 4 (April 3, 2018): 771–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-03-2017-0083.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to model the relationship between “innovation systems” players and markets to indicate the “innovation functions” behavior during the petrochemical technology life cycle. Design/methodology/approach In a general classification, innovation systems are divided into four categories: technical, sectoral, regional and national. If two approaches are hybrid, their benefits would be combined. According to the sectoral structure of the governance model in Iran, in many sectors, such as petrochemical technology, the combination of one another with a sectoral approach is essential. Hence, this paper has introduced a new hybrid approach, called a techno-sectoral innovation system, and has used system dynamics as a methodology and a petrochemical industry as a case study. Findings The results predict the functions state of the innovation system and detect activation of innovation motors in each stage of innovation life cycle. Validation is investigated using Monte Carlo simulation that shows the error of the indices is acceptable. It can be concluded that the model is relatively in a development state and the motor of entrepreneurship functions. Originality/value This case-based model can help other researchers, as a generic model. It could be customized with the input parameters and relational flows of new cases, and functions (F1-F7) can show the result of each scenario made by the innovation analyst and the policymaker.

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Sharma, Sudesh Kumar, Sanjiv Mittal, and N. K. Gupta. "Post-issue Performance of IPOs in India." GIS Business 8, no. 4 (August 9, 2017): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v8i4.3778.

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Initial Public Offers (IPOs) market is considered to be the safest way to invest in the stocks and it also assures profits due to underpricing. Therefore, it attracts every type of investors and very particularly the retail investors. However, gaps do appear in perceived profits and the actual profits. Expectations have been built around some sector stocks such as Public sector – considered as safe bet; Petrochemical and Infrastructure sector stocks – for assured long term appreciation; Finance and IT sector for quick profits, etc. This study is an attempt to capture the performance of IPOs across different sectors, over different time frames, to identify the performing sectors and the effect of the non-performing IPOs. Our results indicate that public sector stocks outperform all other sector stocks during short as well as long term period. Manufacturing sector stocks appear to be least performing stocks during short as well as long term duration. Further, if non-performing IPOs could be checked out, there would be substantial gains for the investors. We expect our study to serve as a guiding tool for retail investors to enable them to focus their investments.

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Dr Ashvin R. "IMPACT OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ON PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCES FROM INDIAN PETROCHEMICAL SECTOR." Indian Journal of Commerce & Management Studies VIII, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18843/ijcms/v8i2/06.

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Pun, Kit‐Fai, and M. J. Lau. "Determinants of Green Practices in the Petrochemical Sector: An Empirical Study." Asian Journal on Quality 4, no. 1 (April 17, 2003): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15982688200300012.

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Morales, Isidro. "Mexico's post‐Nafta privatisation policies: The case of the petrochemical sector." New Political Economy 2, no. 3 (November 1997): 427–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563469708406316.

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Azad, Sayyed Mohsen, Pouria Khodabakhsh, Fatemeh Roshannafas, and Seyed Hassan Ghodsypour. "Modelling techno-sectoral innovation system." Kybernetes 49, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 332–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2018-0480.

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Purpose This study aims to scrutiny the performance of the petrochemical sector and the technological innovation life cycle. Also, the stage of the innovation life cycle for the sector is specified. Then, scenarios are designed to improve the speed of the sector development. For this reason, for synchronizing the petrochemical sector, this study tries to combine two innovation systems (technological and sectoral systems) called “techno-sectoral innovation system” under an integrated model. Furthermore, the “functions and driving motors” are expanded in the proposed model. Design/methodology/approach By combining two concepts of the innovation systems, the complexity of the system rises to some extent. Also, to model causal relationships in the sector and non-linear connections between variables, system dynamics approach is applied. During this phase, the flow diagram of the model is translated to a simulation programme using Vensim software. Model validation is investigated using a comparison of the actual with simulated values. Findings The results predict the functions state of the innovation system and detect activation of innovation motors in each stage of the innovation life cycle. Validation shows the acceptable error of the indices. It can be concluded that the sector is relatively in the development state. Four scenarios have been proposed for representing policies that sector uses to motivate its companies. The best scenario is the fourth one that divides resources with different weightings among companies to accelerate switching time between sector’s motors. Finally, the fourth scenario can improve the performance of the petrochemical. Originality/value The hybrid approach shows researchers that performance of an industry can be improved based on sectoral and technological at the same time. Thus, this case-based model can contribute to other researchers, as a base model. Also, it could be customized with parameters and the relationship between players and functions. Furthermore, a dynamic switch among the motors has been presented in the model.

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Finkelstein, Murray M. "Maintenance work and asbestos-related cancers in the refinery and petrochemical sector." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 36, no. 2 (August 1999): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199908)36:2<326::aid-ajim12>3.0.co;2-q.

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Finkelstein, Murray M. "Maintenance work and asbestos-related cancers in the refinery and petrochemical sector." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 35, no. 2 (February 1999): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199902)35:2<201::aid-ajim13>3.0.co;2-f.

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Dincer, I., M. M. Hussain, and I. Al-Zaharnah. "Energy and exergy use in the industrial sector of Saudi Arabia." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 217, no. 5 (January 1, 2003): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765003322407539.

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This paper deals with the analysis of energy and exergy utilization in the industrial sector of Saudi Arabia by considering the sectoral energy and exergy flows for a period of 12 years from 1990 to 2001. Oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical, iron and steel, and cement are identified as the four essential subsectors in the industrial sector. Sectoral energy and exergy analyses are conducted to study the variations of energy and exergy efficiencies for each subsector throughout the years, and these heating and overall energy and exergy efficiencies are compared for the four subsectors. In this regard, an example illustration is presented for the year 2000. The chemical and petrochemical subsector appears to be the most energy-efficient sector, and the iron and steel subsector the most exergy-efficient one. A comparison of the overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the Saudi Arabian industrial sector with the Turkish industrial sector is also presented for the year 1993. Although the sectoral coverage is different for each country, it is still useful to illustrate the situation on how sectoral energy and exergy efficiencies vary. The Turkish industrial sector appears to be more efficient for that particular year. It is believed that the technique presented here is a useful tool for analysing sectoral and subsectoral energy and exergy utilization. Such energy and exergy studies help a country to identify major losses and to determine the true magnitudes of these losses.

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Shaverdi, Meysam, Mohammad Rasoul Heshmati, and Iman Ramezani. "Application of Fuzzy AHP Approach for Financial Performance Evaluation of Iranian Petrochemical Sector." Procedia Computer Science 31 (2014): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2014.05.352.

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Khusnutdinova, E. M., I. A. Konakhina, and G. R. Khamidullina. "Issues related to energy saving in petrochemical sector and methods for their solution." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 570 (August 15, 2019): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/570/1/012054.

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Yang, Xi, Xiaoqian Xi, Shan Guo, Wanqi Lin, and Xiangzhao Feng. "Carbon Mitigation Pathway Evaluation and Environmental Benefit Analysis of Mitigation Technologies in China’s Petrochemical and Chemical Industry." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 3331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123331.

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The co-benefits of mitigation technology in China’s petrochemical and chemical industry have not been evaluated, although they are deemed valuable for the cost-benefit analysis of carbon mitigation. On this basis, this study evaluates the carbon mitigation effects and environmental co-benefits of mitigation technologies that have been long ignored in China’s petrochemical and chemical industry. In addition, this study also fills the gap of provincial research in chemical industry. A bottom-up energy model and marginal abatement cost curves are constructed for each sector. The study is based on national and provincial levels to provide quantitative reference for the mitigation technologies. Results show that, among 18 technologies in the chemical industry, waste heat utilization and technological process transformation technologies have the highest marginal abatement benefits. Technologies in the petrochemical industry with the largest marginal abatement social benefit typically exists in three categories: efficiency improvement technology, waste heat utilization technology, and coating technology. At the national level, 8039 and 5105 premature deaths are effectively avoided by the promotion of chemical and petrochemical mitigation technologies, respectively. Monetary value of health impact in these two industries are 7.0 billion and 5.5 billion RMB, respectively. At the provincial level, coal gasification multi-generation gas turbine power generation technology, a technological process transformation technology, performs well in Shaanxi province with 122 million RMB of total social benefit.

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Vásquez Capacho, John William, Carlos Gustavo Perez Zuñiga, Yecid Alfonzo Muñoz Maldonado, and Adalberto José Ospino Castro. "An additional layer of protection through superalarms with diagnosis capability." CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29047/01225383.168.

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An alarm management methodology can be proposed as a discrete event sequence recognition problem where time patterns are used to identify the process safe condition, especially in the start-up and shutdown stages. Industrial plants, particularly in the petrochemical, energy, and chemical sectors, require a combined approach of all the events that can result in a catastrophic accident. This document introduces a new layer of protection (super-alarm) for industrial processes based on a diagnostic stage. Alarms and actions of the standard operating procedure are considered discrete events involved in sequences, where the diagnostic stage corresponds to the recognition of a special situation when these sequences occur. This is meant to provide operators with pertinent information regarding the normal or abnormal situations induced by the flow of alarms. Chronicles Based Alarm Management (CBAM) is the methodology used to build the chronicles that will permit to generate the super-alarms furthermore, a case study of the petrochemical sector using CBAM is presented to build the chronicles of the normal startup, abnormal start-up, and normal shutdown scenarios. Finally, the scenario validation is performed for an abnormal start-up, showing how a super-alarm is generated.

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EGOROV, O. I. "FORMATION OF REGIONAL PETROCHEMICAL CLUSTERS AS THE BASIS FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMY." Neft i gaz 2, no. 116 (April 15, 2020): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37878/2708-0080/2020.010.

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Intensive development of the oil and gas complex causes an urgent need to solve the problem of harmoniousdevelopment of productiveforces. It is knownthat theeffectivenessof theinvestments in the development of the oil and gas sector is significantly reduces due to large losses of products potentially contained in crude hydrocarbon. The development of ways to efficiently use hydrocarbon resources by increasing the share of the refining sector will help to meet domestic needs for refined products and petrochemicals, less vulnerability of the country’s economy to world price level for crude hydrocarbon.

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Juwita, Rukmi, Riani Tanjung, and Edwin Karim. "Tax Holiday and Investment in Indonesia." TRIKONOMIKA 15, no. 1 (June 24, 2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v15i1.392.

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Tax holiday is a facility given by the government to investors in Indonesia to attract foreign and local investors in Indonesia, especially in the industrial sector as well as to improve national economic growth. Purpose of this research is to analyze the tax holiday policy and how the impact on the investment in Indonesia. Data consists of primary and secondary data which are collected through interview, questionnaire and literature study. Respondents are Honam Petrochemical Corp, PT. Asahimas Chemical, PT. Nippon Shokubai, PT Petrokimia Butadiene Indonesia and PT. Ebel Industries. The results showed that all companies meet the criteria to obtain the facility of tax holiday. Giving tax holiday facility is very influential against the growth of industry in Indonesia especially for petrochemical industries that has an important role in the economic growth.

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Galán-Martín, Ángel, Victor Tulus, Ismael Díaz, Carlos Pozo, Javier Pérez-Ramírez, and Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez. "Sustainability footprints of a renewable carbon transition for the petrochemical sector within planetary boundaries." One Earth 4, no. 4 (April 2021): 565–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.001.

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Lysenko, D. V., and L. Akgun. "Analysis of Petrochemical Companies According to Accounting Statements on the Example of PJSC «Sibur Holding»." Vestnik NSUEM, no. 2 (June 19, 2021): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2021-2-094-104.

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To survive in modern market conditions, as well as to participate in the ever-increasing competitive struggle, companies need to conduct their activities more effectively, which means that they constantly need to make a variety of decisions, which in turn entails the need to constantly give a real assessment of the effectiveness of the decisions and projects being implemented, competently conduct economic analysis, find reserves for this activity. This is where the relevance of the development of the basic methodological principles of economic analysis in the conditions of risk and uncertainty in an industry based on scientific basis taking into account the specific characteristics of the sector in question.The subject of this study is a set of both theoretical and practical aspects of analyzing the activities of petrochemical companies under conditions of risk and uncertainty, while the object of the study is Russian and foreign petrochemical and gas processing companies operating in the current conditions of the industry development.The purpose of this study is to formulate a methodology for analyzing the main indicators of the activities of petrochemical and gas processing companies and making decisions under conditions of risk and uncertainty.The development of methodological principles is supposed to be carried out on the basis of the classical scientific and methodological base, taking into account the industry specific features of the activities of petrochemical and gas processing companies. In this paper, a study of modern methods of analyzing the effectiveness of activities is carried out, and the novelty of this work consists in combining the classical theory of economic analysis with the practical methods used today by petrochemical and gas producing companies in the process of their financial and economic activities.

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Shinkevich, A. I., T. V. Malysheva, I. A. Zaraichenko, A. A. Lubnina, G. R. Garipova, and M. M. Sharafutdinova. "Investigation of energy consumption trends in petrochemical plants for the management of resource saving." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912404005.

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The relevance of the research topic is due to the study of the important problem of improving the energy efficiency of the economy and the meso and micro levels. In the conditions of the development of an innovative economy, energy saving becomes one of the main factors for increasing the economic efficiency and economic security of industrial enterprises and complexes. The article discusses the main aspects of the organization of energy-saving environmental production systems. The factors affecting the energy efficiency of the production process from the standpoint of logistics, including the processes of storage, storage and transportation of products within an industrial enterprise, are summarized. As a criterion of energy saving in logistics chains, the coefficient of consumption of energy resources spent per unit of production is given. The analysis of the dynamics of fuel and energy costs per unit of output by the types of activities of petrochemical plants of the Republic of Tatarstan was carried out. The specificity of the level of fuel and energy costs by type of activity is shown, depending on the specifics of production and products. The variation of energy consumption data by types of petrochemical production activities for 10 years has been calculated. The prospects for reducing the energy intensity of petrochemical enterprises in the context of the liberalization of the market of electric energy and power are considered. The materials of the study can be used in managing the development of the real sector of the economy, the service sector, both at the enterprise services level and in government structures. In addition, the proposed methodology is appropriate for assessing the level of resource-saving production, building innovative energy-saving development strategies, and developing a mechanism for targeted actions for the rational use of resources.

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Rostami, Hadi Marzban. "Prediction of the New Tech in the Energy Economics of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical (Case Study: National Iranian Petrochemical Co. of Kermanshah, Shazand & Tabriz)." Material Science Research India 15, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/150109.

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In this paper, a comprehensive concept of the effect of new technology on the energy economics of petroleum, gas and petrochemistry is proposed. The roadmap of development, the tools of the main method, elements, the main challenges and weak points are discussed. The treasury of stock exchange allows the energy economics to have a criterion for the policies of the government, a common landscape for the various beneficiaries, reinforcement of the research and development based upon the new technology of the energy sector. Three case studies (national firm of petrochemical industry of Kermanshah, shazand and Tabriz) from ETF in world market is proposed to illustrate the conceptual approach. This article is under the special attention of researcher, deciders and the commission of studies to promote their policies.

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Díaz, Emilio. "Estrategias de gestión de tesorería en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector petroquímico." Talento - Revista de Administración 1, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33996/talento.v2i1.5.

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La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las estrategias de gestión de tesorería en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector petroquímico. La misma fue sustentada con una metodología de tipo descriptiva, bajo un diseño no experimental, transeccional y de campo. La población quedo constituida por seis empresas, vigentes y en ejecución dentro del complejo petroquímico del municipio Miranda. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó un instrumento, tipo cuestionario, conformado por trece ítems, con cinco opciones de respuestas. Para su validez se sometió al juicio de expertos. Para la confiabilidad, se empleó el Método Alfa de Cronbach, obteniéndose 0,96. Se tabularon los datos procediendo al análisis cuantitativo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Se resalta que los indicadores: flujo de cobros, flujo de pagos, posición fecha valor, previsiones de tesorería y funciones del tesorero se posicionaron en muy alta aplicación; sólo los depósitos a plazo fijo ostentaron alta aplicación. ABSTRACT The research aimed to analyze treasury management strategies in small and medium-sized companies in the petrochemical sector. It was supported by a descriptive methodology, under a non-experimental, transectional and field design. The population was made up of six companies, in force and in execution within the petrochemical complex of the Miranda municipality. To collect the information, an instrument, questionnaire type, consisting of thirteen items, with five response options was used. For its validity, it was submitted to expert judgment. For reliability, the Cronbach's Alpha Method was used, obtaining 0.96. The data were tabulated proceeding to the quantitative analysis of absolute and relative frequencies. It is highlighted that the indicators: collection flow, payment flow, value date position, treasury forecasts and treasurer functions were positioned in very high application; only fixed-term deposits held high application.

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Al-Muzaini, Saleh. "Waste minimization program in Shuaiba Industrial Area." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1999): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0669.

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The Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA) is located about 50 km south of Kuwait City. It accommodates most of the large-scale industries in Kuwait. The total area of the SIA (both eastern and western sectors) is about 22.98 million m2. Fifteen plants are located in the eastern sector and 23 in the western sector, including two petrochemical companies, three refineries, two power plants, a melamine company, an industrial gas corporation, a paper products company and, two steam electricity generating stations, in addition to several other industries. Therefore, only 30 percent of the land in the SIA's eastern sector and 70 percent of land in the SIA's western sector is available for future expansion. Presently, industries in the SIA generate approximately 204,000 t of solid waste. With future development in the industries in the SIA, the estimated quantities will reach 240,000 t. The Shuaiba Area Authority (SAA), a governmental regulatory body responsible for planning and development in the SIA, has recognized the problem of solid waste and has developed an industrial waste minimization program. This program would help to reduce the quantity of waste generated within the SIA and thereby reduce the cost of waste management. This paper presents a description of the waste minimization program and how it is to be implemented by major petroleum companies. The protocols employed in the waste minimization program are detailed.

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Ziyae, Babak, Rosnani Jusoh, and Hamidreza Madadian. "Innovative scenario planning of petrochemical enterprises in the Iranian community." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 14, no. 3 (June 18, 2020): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-04-2020-0054.

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Purpose Research studies on futures studies have recently gained significant attention to create a desirable future based on the environmental change. Futures studies follow discovery, invention, presentation, test and evolution of possible, feasible and desirable futures. The purpose of this study is to examine some important aspects of the relationship between futures studies and planning and to present a model where futures scenarios have been developed as an integral part of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the lens of dynamic capabilities theory and creative system theory. Design/methodology/approach Based on interpretive structural modeling and Delphi technique, the most important trends, proponents and uncertainties of the future of 10 Iranian petrochemical SMEs is identified and related innovative scenarios are presented. Findings The findings show four scenarios on the petrochemical industry including attracting investment, the presence of the private sector, attracting people's capital and sustainable development of the petrochemical industry. Originality/value The paper undertakes a first of its kind cross-disciplinary conceptual analysis to design Innovative Scenario Planning for SMEs. Despite the importance of scenario planning in SMEs, theories for understanding the nexus of entrepreneurial future studies remain underdeveloped. Therefore, there is still a theoretical gap and lack of research; hence, the current study tries to shed light on the topic and fill the gap in the entrepreneurship literature.

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Santos, Rosa Elaine Andrade, Gilberto Andrade dos Santos, Gabriel Francisco da Silva, and Suzana Leitão Russo. "Partnerships for the production of patents through the CT-Petro sector fund." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 74–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss4.2266.

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This paper seeks to investigate whether Brazilian public policies to encourage public-private partnerships for patent development through the CT-Petro Sector Fund were effective. This fund was created with the objective of developing the Brazilian petrochemical industry after the breach of the Petrobras monopoly in the late 1990s. Until that time, this state company developed all research in this sector. The structure of this article begins with the bibliographic survey of the agents involved in this production chain and how they organized to maintain the productive level of R&D. Finding out about the transfer of funds through FINEP public notices, researchers and companies were attracted and encouraged to create products and services. Whether competition between companies has resulted in improvements to the development of patents for the industry in question. Aiming to demonstrate the interest of the state in transferring its former predominant role to agents Companies and Universities (and/or Research Centers).

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Englande, A. J. "Status and Direction of Waste Minimization in the Chemical and Petrochemical Industries." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 8 (April 1, 1994): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0375.

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This paper presents an evaluation of the status and direction of toxic/hazardous waste reduction in the chemical and petrochemical industries from an international perspective. Pertinent approaches, experiences and trends are described. Industrial waste management has evolved from an “end-of-pipe” treatment mentality to source reduction as the preferred option. It is generally agreed that the Chemical/Petrochemical Industries generate more hazardous and toxic waste than any other industrial sector. Also because of the large quantities of materials and energy used by these industries, significant opportunities are available for waste reduction. In almost all cases costs savings have resulted, many of which are significant. The importance of pollution prevention by “clean technologies” instead of remediation, multi-media considerations and the significance of product life-cycle assessment in pollution prevention programs is stressed. Examples are provided which demonstrate, that a proactive approach by DOW, E.I. DuPONT, AMOCO, 3M Corp., CIBA-GEIGY and others is now becoming the norm. From an international policy perspective, important commonalities and differences in strategy and efforts for toxics/hazardous waste management exist. Much can be learned by the mistakes and solutions between cultures and countries. Much progress has been made in protection of public health and the environment - but much remains to be done. This paper is intended to provide a stimulus for discussion aimed at optimizing future waste minimization activities in the chemical and petrochemical industries.

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Laguna, Norma Martı́nez. "Oil policies and privatization strategies in Mexico: implications for the petrochemical sector and its production spaces." Energy Policy 32, no. 18 (December 2004): 2035–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4215(03)00179-4.

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Shammas, Pierre. "LPG Consumption in the Long Term: Supply, Pricing Demand with Particular Reference to the Petrochemical Sector." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 14, no. 2 (April 1996): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879601400204.

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Supply of LPG is forecast to grow over the next decade from the present level of 180 million t/y to about 185–190 million t/y, depending on demand in Asia which is rising rapidly and on new LPG export projects. Most of the increase in supply will come from new gas and crude oil production, from new LNG ventures, and from refineries reducing the n-butane content of motor gasoline. Pricing will remain volatile as a result of crude oil price volatility, variations in the winter weather in the Northern Hemisphere, and as a result of competition between ethane, PPG, naphtha and condensate as ethylene cracker feedstocks. Saudi Aramco is the world's biggest exporter of LPG/NGL, with a capacity rising from 17.5 million to more than 20 million t/y over the next decade. It plays a key role in the pricing of LPG, and since Oct. 1, 1994, has introduced a new “contract price” (CP) formula which in winter months has raised its revenue by up to $30/tonne. Its move has upset most of its clients and some of them have cancelled their contracts. Demand for LPG in OECD countries will continue to show steady growth. The increase in demand will be more rapid in the relatively less developed OECD countries, as the trend in Spain has shown in recent years. Provided that the LPG price is competitive, demand in China, South-East Asia and the Indian sub-continent could grow beyond current projections. Consumption in these countries will depend on the installation of distribution facilities and the rate at which LPG can substitute for traditional fuels and kerosine as well as compete for limited disposable incomes.

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Saygin, D., M. K. Patel, E. Worrell, C. Tam, and D. J. Gielen. "Potential of best practice technology to improve energy efficiency in the global chemical and petrochemical sector." Energy 36, no. 9 (September 2011): 5779–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.05.019.

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Tian, Sicong, Jingjing Chen, Feng Yan, Candace Lang, Vladimir Strezov, and Zuotai Zhang. "Cross-sectoral synergy between municipal wastewater treatment, cement manufacture and petrochemical synthesis via clean transformation of sewage sludge." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 4, no. 12 (2020): 6274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0se01164a.

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Thangamayan, S., B. Chithirairajan, and S. Sudha. "Energy Sector Reforms and its Role of Economic Development with Special Reference to Tamilnadu." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.27 (August 15, 2018): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.27.17990.

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Energy is an important input for the sustained growth of an economy. Its use by individual households and the industrial units is on the increase. Energy can be an effective weapon in the battle against poverty in a country like India. Since the days of the second five year plan of energy consideration of self-reliance as economic objectives induced the government to provide special emphasis to the development of heavy and basic industries like Iron, Steal, Heavy Machinery, Fertilizer, cement, Aluminum, Petrochemical etc. It costs about Rs.4 crore to create new generation capacity. Non-conventional source of energy being the most environment friendly, there was an urgent need to promote generation of electricity based on such sources of energy; efforts have to been made to reduce the capital cost of projects based on non-conventional and renewable sources of energy.

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Nakagawa, Satoshi. "Changes in residential, occupational and gender structure of the greater Bangkok in the globalization process." Dela, no. 21 (December 1, 2004): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dela.21.205-212.

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This study investigated recent changes in migration and population structure of the Greater Bangkok considering the impact of economic globalization. The spatial policy of the Thai government has lead newer investments for manufacturing to locate away from Bangkok Metropolis and thereby the industrial structure of Bangkok Metropolis has gradually turned into service-dominated, while the region surrounding Bangkok Metropolis has attracted factories mainly owned by foreign capital. Light industry and electronics industry are con-centrated in the adjacent provinces to Bangkok Metropolis and the heavy and petrochemical industry tends to be located in the outer zone of the surrounding region. The service sector and light industry as well as electronics industry prefer female workers and Bangkok met-ropolis and the adjoining provinces have become female-dominated population structure while male workers tend to gather in the outer zone attracted by heavy and petrochemical industry. It is possible to mention accordingly that the unbalanced spatial distribution of sex structure of population which might cause changes in the norm to the family formation in future is one of the consequences of economic globalization of Thailand, which the inves-tment promotion policy of the government did not assume.

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Finn, Karla Moreira, Fabiano De Lima Nunes, Cristine Hermann Nodari, and Jefferson Dobner Sordi. "Service level agreement directed to suppliers of materials and services of the petrochemical sector: a criteria analysis." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia 19, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/riae.v19i4.16847.

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Objetivo: A pesquisa tem como objetivo sugerir um modelo conceitual para a formulação de acordos de nível de serviço, direcionado a fornecedores de materiais e serviços do setor petroquímico.Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva cujo método de análise foi feito por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais, e os dados foram provenientes de uma survey com 104 colaboradores da cadeia de suprimentos do setor petroquímico no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.Originalidade: Ao considerar a realidade do Pólo Petroquímico do Sul, é possível compreender os achados desta pesquisa para a elaboração de níveis de serviço segundo critérios competitivos que se tornam fundamentais para o processo de gestão e estratégia de competitividade na busca de fornecedores por meio da seleção dos critérios que deve ser analisado ao estabelecer um novo parceiro.Principais resultados: Todos os construtos, sugeridos nesta pesquisa, tiveram um impacto de 73% no construto de gestão da cadeia de suprimentos com um acordo de nível de serviço. O construto entrega, qualidade e nível de serviço apresentou a maior carga obtida, seguido pelo construto qualidade e flexibilidade e por último o construto custo.Contribuições teóricas: As cadeias de abastecimento desempenham um papel importante na realização dos objetivos da empresa. Sua missão é perceber as necessidades competitivas de produtos e serviços, tornando-se responsável pela entrega no tempo certo, custos, qualidade e outros elementos da estratégia de operações. De acordo com o modelo sugerido, todas as estruturas que englobam os critérios competitivos impactaram positivamente a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos e o acordo de nível de serviço ampliando o debate acadêmico no desenvolvimento de vantagem competitiva.

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Weisman, Camila. "MECHANISMS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF OIL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENTERPRISES." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 1 (May 22, 2020): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-1-126-130.

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The oil and gas industry remains for Russia the most important source of income, a strategic industry. According to official figures of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, income from the oil and gas sector, according to the results of 2019, is 40% of the total budget of the country. A large volume of crude oil and gas is exported from the country. The tax burden on raw materials reaches up to 60% of the initial cost, which makes oil production at new fields extremely unprofitable. The most important direction for the country is the transition from a strategy for the sale of crude oil products to refined ones, which have an additional cost. The article discusses the features of domestic oil production, analyzes the reasons for overpriced in comparison with competitive raw materials from other oil producing leader countries. The strategy of ensuring the economic security of the industry is noted, the main tools are listed and the mechanisms for ensuring the economic security of petrochemical industry enterprises are presented.

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Kundu, Amit, and Ramanuj Majumdar. "Interdisciplinary groups perception on impact of technology: A study in Petro-Chemical sector." HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration 10, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2019-0016.

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Abstract In today’s competitive business environment firms who can afford to invest on superior technology are in general found to be more efficient. In technology driven industries companies tend to encash upon the benefits of the superior technology, engage in continuous innovation and invest in R&D to gain competitive advantage. Notwithstanding this phenomenon, adoption of superior technology by any industry is extremely challenging. Even, Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country are often incapable of adopting the latest technology. Because they are expensive and moreover it leads to disruption to the traditional way of doing business and even different managerial functions differ on the adoption of technology. This research paper collected perception regarding impact of technology by three broad managerial functions such as Operations, Marketing, Product development & Innovation of a large Petrochemical company. With the help of Conjoint Analysis, Part worth and Ideal Achievement Index (AI) have been estimated. These estimates enable us to assess the perception of three inter disciplinary managerial groups regarding impact of technology on the downstream units (nearly 500 companies) of a Petro-Chemical Company in India.

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Crivellari, Paolo. "Building public innovation for industrial risk prevention and crisis management: Genesis and development of a unique collaborative innovation." Social Science Information 58, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 589–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018419880106.

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Public innovation is a peculiar form of innovation that provides new policies, new products, new services, and new infrastructures to increase public value. Many barriers can prevent this kind of innovation, so it cannot be taken for granted. Consequently, it is important to understand the conditions that can produce it. The present article is a case study on SIMAGE, a collaborative public innovation that has no equivalent in Europe and was developed in the Italian petrochemical site of Porto Marghera (in the municipality of Venice) for industrial risk prevention and crisis management. Based on sociological research conducted with qualitative techniques, I aim at accounting for the genesis and development of the process that led the public and the private sector to build jointly an effective public innovation through collaboration. The conclusion focuses on innovation processes, on the production of public goods by the public and the private sector, and on risk and crisis governance.

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Beilin, I. L., and V. V. Khomenko. "Digital economy in assessing the investment attractiveness of innovative enterprises based on the results of their own scientific and technical research in the field of petrochemical chemistry." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 12, no. 1 (April 6, 2019): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2019-1-44-55.

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The concept of the digital economy greatly simplifies the solution of multi-criteria choice problems in an innovative environment, in particular, when an economic assessment of the investment attractiveness of a number of enterprise projects with a set of varied in a wide range of technical indicators and commercialization indicators is necessary. Based on the example of small innovative enterprises based on the results of their own scientific and technical research in the field of petrochemical chemistry, a model for the formation of investment portfolios is compiled, taking into account the impact of costs on an improved set of product technical characteristics and the relevance of the level of these characteristics by the investor. The choice of projects from the field of petrochemical chemistry is due to the high importance of this sector both in the economy of individual regions, as the most flexible and at the same time self-sufficient economic system, for example, the Republic of Tatarstan, and at the national and global level. The presence of own scientific developments of the co-author of the article in the field of petrochemical and chemical cluster provides a close relationship of the economic component of innovative projects with variation of all possible technical and technological characteristics of an innovative product in a wide range, depending on investors’ requirements. In addition to traditional applications, the complex of transparent high-strength polymers and polymers with non-stick properties, based on the principles and mechanisms of anionic (co) polymerization of cyclic carbonates with isocyanate-containing compounds under conditions of anionic initiation, gained interest in space technologies, technologies of nano-sized particles and liquid crystals, which requires the search for new methods of synthesis and digital on-line interrelation of the changing costs of the project with its economic efficiency.

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Robledo Fernandez, Juan Carlos, Gabriel Ruiz Andrade, and Jorge Mario Rodas Cadavid. "Análisis exploratorio del campo de fuerzas alrededor de una cultura de simplicidad en las empresas del sector petroquímico de Cartagena de Indias." Ad-gnosis 8, no. 8 (December 1, 2019): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21803/adgnosis.v8i8.367.

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La complejidad es inherente a la naturaleza de las organizaciones por ello requiere ser comprendida, gestionada a través de la construcción de espacios semánticos y formas de acción tanto de individuos como de colectivos. En forma paradójica, un elemento de la complejidad es la simplicidad. De ahi? que explorar la simplicidad en las organizaciones es un componente clave para canalizar la complejidad y un desafi?o del Management, en especial del Campo de la Estrategia. La simplicidad es por tanto un modo particular de comprender la realidad. Es tambie?n una capacidad cognitiva que debiera desarrollar el personal de la organización. La Simplicidad es la paradoja misma de la complejidad en la que “ve lo uno, y ve lo múltiple, pero no puede ver que lo uno puede, al mismo tiempo ser múltiple” (Balmes,1860)

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Macarie, H. "Overview of the application of anaerobic treatment to chemical and petrochemical wastewaters." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 5-6 (September 1, 2000): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0515.

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During the last 20 years, as a result of its low cost, anaerobic digestion has turned into a popular wastewater treatment technology. Today, with at least 1330 reactors constructed in the world, it is considered to have reached technological maturity. Until recently however, it was used quite exclusively for the treatment of food industry effluents. It is only during the last 10 years that anaerobic digestion has started to be applied massively to the treatment of sewage and effluents from other industrial activities. During the 1970s and 1980s, the chemical and petrochemical industries were almost refractory to the introduction of anaerobic digestion. The situation has reversed since 1990 and at least 80 full-scale anaerobic plants are nowadays treating this type of waste. Nevertheless, a great amount of promotion is still required before anaerobic digestion can be considered as an accepted technology by this industry. The paper presents the actual situation of anaerobic treatment at full-scale inthis industrial sector as well as recent developments at lab-scale and discusses some important concepts to consider before the implementation of an anaerobic treatment. In particular a table is presented with the main characteristics of 65 of the 80 full-scale plants identified to date. The probable reasons for the slow initial development of anaerobic treatment are also discussed and it is shown that anaerobic digestion has been the solution to treatment problems for which aerobic systems were inefficient.

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Vásquez, John W., Gustavo Pérez-Zuñiga, Javier Sotomayor-Moriano, and Adalberto Ospino. "Super-Alarms with Diagnosis Proficiency Used as an Additional Layer of Protection Applied to an Oil Transport System." Entropy 23, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020139.

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In automated plants, particularly in the petrochemical, energy, and chemical industries, the combined management of all of the incidents that can produce a catastrophic accident is required. In order to do this, an alarm management methodology can be formulated as a discrete event sequence recognition problem, in which time patterns are used to identify the safe condition of the process, especially in the start-up and shutdown stages. In this paper, a new layer of protection (a Super-Alarm), based on the diagnostic stage to industrial processes is presented. The alarms and actions of the standard operating procedures are considered to be discrete events involved in sequences; the diagnostic stage corresponds to the recognition of the situation when these sequences occur. This provides operators with pertinent information about the normal or abnormal situations induced by the flow of the alarms. Chronicles Based Alarm Management (CBAM) is the methodology used in this document to build the chronicles that will permit us to generate the Super-Alarms; in addition, a case study of the petrochemical sector using CBAM is presented in order to build one chronicle that represents the scenario of an abnormal start-up of an oil transport system. Finally, the scenario’s validation for this case is performed, showing the way in which, a Super-Alarm is generated.

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Tobin, Damian. "From Maoist self-reliance to international oil consumer: a resource-based appraisal of the challenges facing China's petrochemical sector." Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies 6, no. 4 (November 2008): 363–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14765280802431761.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Petrochemical sector'

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