Relevant bibliographies by topics / Petroleum - Canada - Gulf of St. Lawrence region

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Academic literature on the topic 'Petroleum - Canada - Gulf of St. Lawrence region'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Petroleum - Canada - Gulf of St. Lawrence region"

1

Harding, Gareth, Ellen Kenchington, and Zhensui Zheng. "Morphometrics of American Lobster (Homarus americanus) Larvae in Relation to Stock Determinations in the Maritimes, Canada." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-005.

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Morphological characteristics of the first larval stage of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) enabled the separation of the Maritime population with stepwise discriminant function analysis into three groups: the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence and its outflow around Cape Breton Island, the Atlantic inshore region of Nova Scotia, and the offshore banks bordering the Gulf of Maine. Once the effect of environmental temperature on larval size was removed, the differences between Georges and Browns banks and the Atlantic inshore disappeared. The remaining differences, chiefly in the dimensions of the second and fifth abdominal segments and the rostrum, between larvae from the Cape Breton sites and elsewhere may be due to other environmental factors or partial genetic isolation. Conservation and management practices over the past century have increased gene flow between regions, and most of this appears to be from the release of Gulf of St. Lawrence lobsters in the Gulf of Maine. A reassessment of previous studies on adult morphology, benthic movements, larval dispersal, enzyme electrophoresis, and commercial landing patterns supports the separation of the Gulf of St. Lawrence stock from the rest of the Canadian Maritimes.
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Belland, René J. "A multivariate study of moss distributions in relation to environment in the Gulf of St. Lawrence region, Canada." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-172.

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Moss distribution patterns in the Gulf of St. Lawrence were investigated using multivariate analyses to determine the relationship of the patterns to environmental factors. Distance-based redundancy analysis was used to ordinate 29 operational geographical units (OGU) or sampling units based on their moss floras, and hierarchical cluster analysis in combination with indicator analysis was used to produce classifications of both species and sampling units. Climatic variables, in particular, warmth of the growing season, were the most important factors determining species distribution; this resulted in a north–south gradient through the study area. Oceanity was also shown to be important and manifested as an east–west gradient. Edaphic factors, in particular, amount of calcareous rock outcrop, had a secondary influence and modified the patterns established by climate. Ordination of OGUs showed the effects of environment to be more variable in the northern half of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, which may in part explain the higher species richness there. Seven OGU groups were recognized based on cluster analysis of floristic composition. Although indicator species were few, most groups were distinguished by unique sets of regionally rare species. Eleven species elements were identified based on species occurrence in OGUs. The elements constituted sets of overlapping distributions showing southern, northern, and eastern biases in the Gulf region. Multivariate analysis was shown to be effective tool for extracting moss–environment patterns, even at medium geographic scale.Key words: Gulf of St. Lawrence, mosses, environment, richness, distribution, ordination, cluster analysis.
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3

Levy, E. M. "Background Levels of Dissolved/Dispersed Petroleum Residues in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1970–79." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 544–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-072.

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A 10-yr program of monitoring the incidence and distribution of dissolved/dispersed petroleum residues in the Gulf of St. Lawrence confirmed that the major source is the Atlantic water that enters through Cabot Strait and demonstrated that a substantial decline in the background levels occurred during the mid-1970's. The present level, about 0.4 μg/L, is similar to those of other unpolluted areas off the east coast of Canada and in the Arctic where it appears that the input from atmospheric deposition exceeds those from accidental spills, deliberate discharges, and other point sources.
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4

Lefèvre, Marylise A., Michael J. W. Stokesbury, Frederick G. Whoriskey, and Michael J. Dadswell. "Atlantic salmon post-smolt migration routes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 6 (July 1, 2012): 981–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss092.

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Abstract Lefèvre, M. A., Stokesbury, M. J. W., Whoriskey, F. G., and Dadswell, M. J. 2012. Atlantic salmon post-smolt migration routes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 981–990. The migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts from the Rivière Saint-Jean on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada) was studied during 2009 and 2010. Salmon from rivers in this region spend ≥2 years at sea before returning to spawn, and are believed to migrate to ocean feeding areas off Greenland. To determine residency time in the nearshore environment, and to define the migration routes of post-smolts, tagged post-smolts were tracked passively in Jacques Cartier Strait and at the two exits of the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Atlantic Ocean (Cabot Strait and the Strait of Belle Isle). Post-smolts moved rapidly south in the nearshore area; two of them were detected 45 km south of the estuary exit, suggesting that they were moving towards the centre of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. One tagged post-smolt was detected exiting the Gulf of St. Lawrence via the Strait of Belle Isle after 44 d and exhibited a minimum swimming speed of 14.4 km d−1. There was no apparent linkage between the detection patterns of post-smolts and surface water temperatures or surface water currents close to shore. Post-smolts, however, appeared to orient to higher salinity.
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5

Belland, René J., and Marc Favreau. "The moss flora of the Gaspé Peninsula (Quebec, Canada): list of species and preliminary analysis." Canadian Journal of Botany 66, no. 9 (September 1, 1988): 1780–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b88-244.

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Extensive field studies and evaluation of previously published reports reveal a moss flora of at least 310 species for the Gaspé Peninsula. Forty species are reported for the first time from the peninsula, and Brachythecium glaciale is new to Quebec. While the Gaspé flora cannot be considered a distinctive one within the Gulf of St. Lawrence region, the large number of rare species is significant. Their presence in the Gaspé can be attributed to the diverse geology and topography of the peninsula. The bulk of the moss flora is clearly of boreal affinity, but many species have temperate, montane, or arctic – alpine distributions. Of special interest is the large proportion of species with various types of disjunct distributions, either within eastern North America or to other parts of the world, especially western North America. Some patterns strongly support the idea of survival in refugia in the Gulf of St. Lawrence region during the last glaciation.
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6

Roy, Suzanne, Frédérick Blouin, André Jacques, and Jean-Claude Therriault. "Absorption properties of phytoplankton in the Lower Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 8 (August 2008): 1721–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-089.

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Models of ocean colour rely on information about phytoplankton absorption, which varies according to community composition and photoacclimation. Here we show that pigment packaging, which is strongly determined by the size structure of local algal populations, represents a dominant factor in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, accounting for ~50%–80% of the reduction in phytoplankton absorption at 440 nm during the spring bloom periods and for 24%–48% before and after the blooms. This is consistent with the importance of diatoms in this environment. Comparison between three methods of estimating packaging gave average values within less than 20% of each other during the blooms. Changes in pigment composition, which also affect phytoplankton absorption, were more important outside bloom periods (particularly in the Gulf), although this influence was relatively modest (11%–13%). This was accompanied by an increase in photoprotective pigments and an absorption peak in the ultraviolet range (~330 nm). Regional variations in phytoplankton absorption reflected bloom conditions, whereas detrital particulate material was highest in the upstream Saguenay region (often more than 60% of the absorption of total particulate material at 440 nm (ap(440))) and was at least 20%–30% elsewhere. This information is a first step towards the development of regional models of ocean colour.
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7

Laforest, Sonia, Vincent Martin, and Michel Boulé. "QUEBEC REGION'S SHORELINE SEGMENTATION IN THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER: RESPONSE TOOL FOR OIL SPILL." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-317.

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ABSTRACT The Quebec Region's shoreline description of the St. Lawrence River began in 1985 with the first shoreline interpretation by Environment Canada. This description was available as a paper version and was no longer adequate for oil spill response. An update was required in order to split the shoreline into segments and to digitize the information. A partnership was developed between Environment Canada, Eastern Canada Response Corporation and the Canadian Coast Guard to conduct the aerial survey and to do the segmentation. The cartography of segmentation covers the fluvial part of the St. Lawrence River (Montreal Region) up to the Gulf (including the Lower-North Shore and the St. Lawrence Islands). The database, developed specifically for that project, is oil spill-oriented. It includes geomorphologic information, from the supratidal to the lower intertidal zone, some statistical information and other requirements for the cleanup operation. For this operational database, useful for the response operation, links were developed with other databases and specialized oil spill software. The first system is GENIE Web, which is a Georeference Environmental Network for Information Exchange on the Web. The second system, ShoreAssess©, is a managing tool for SCAT teams in the field. Finally, a partnership with the Geography Department at the Université du Québec in Rimouski (UQAR) will help us to keep the St. Lawrence River coastal evolution up to date.
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8

Aubry, Eliane, D. A. Methven, and Tom Hurlbut. "Length–depth relations of Enchelyopus cimbrius fourbeard rockling (Gadiformes: Phycidae) from the southern Gulf of St Lawrence and Cabot Strait in relation to abiotic factors." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 8 (August 5, 2009): 1643–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409000800.

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Research vessel survey data collected by Fisheries and Oceans Canada in the southern Gulf of St Lawrence (1971–2002) and Cabot Strait (1994–1997) were analysed to determine if Enchelyopus cimbrius the fourbeard rockling, distributed itself with larger individuals occurring in deeper water. A positive size–depth relationship was first observed for the European plaice, Pleuronectes platessa in the North Sea and has been reported for other fish. Positive relationships were found between the total length of E. cimbrius and depths where it occurred in this study. However, the biological relationship was not significant since the linear regression slopes were very weak, explaining less than approximately five per cent of the variance observed. Data were analysed further to determine the water depth, temperature and salinity ranges where the fourbeard rockling was most abundant. Enchelyopus cimbrius occurred throughout the depth-ranges sampled with highest catches occurring at 25–50 m (southern Gulf of St Lawrence) and deeper than 200 m (southern Gulf of St Lawrence and Cabot Strait). Low catches at intermediate depths (~50–100 m) in the southern Gulf of St Lawrence may have been due to the lack of suitable mud substrate and colder bottom temperatures in the Magdalen Shallows, a large central region of the southern Gulf. Enchelyopus cimbrius was mostly caught at relatively narrow temperature and salinity ranges of 4–6°C and 34–34.9 ppt in both regions, and only occurred in areas with a mud substratum, predominantly in the eastern Northumberland Strait, Baie des Chaleurs and in the deeper water of the Cape Breton Trough, Laurentian Channel and Cabot Strait. Enchelyopus cimbrius was caught throughout the day and night, contradicting a previous study that characterized it as being nocturnal in shallow coastal waters off Newfoundland.
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9

Hayward, Nathan, Sonya A. Dehler, and Gordon N. Oakey. "The structure of the northeastern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada: new insight from geophysical data analysis." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1495–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e01-043.

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An improved compilation of magnetic and gravity data has been interpreted in conjunction with seismic reflection profiles to provide new information about the complex structure of the northeastern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Atlantic Canada. This region was affected by plate divergence and convergence events during the Grenville and Appalachian orogenies and the opening of the Iapetus Ocean. The Anticosti Basin, which developed as a foreland basin over the margin of Laurentia, is filled with a thick succession of Cambrian to Silurian sedimentary strata. Most of the interpreted magnetic and gravity anomalies have sources within the basement rocks, which is interpreted as Grenville crust beneath much of the study area. A V-shaped zone of lower amplitude gravity and magnetic anomalies in the center of the region is associated with a slight thickening of Cambrian to Middle Ordovician sedimentary rocks over a downthrown block of anorthositic Grenville crust, with a locally lower density and magnetization. Extensional faults bordering the zone presently display 130–250 m of downthrow at basement depths, increasing to the southeast, but show no disruption of strata younger than Middle Ordovician. A magnetic low 200 km to the northeast is of similar geophysical character and is associated with a similar geological structure. Numerous NE-trending normal faults associated with segmentation of the Grenville basement are manifested in the magnetic and seismic data. Related anomaly sources are also present within the overlying Ordovician calcareous and clastic rocks that were deposited during extension associated with the onset of the Taconian orogeny. Other anomalies are associated with faulting and folding of shallower strata, and seismic data indicate that some of the NE-trending faults were reactivated as thrusts towards the close of the Taconian orogeny in the Late Ordovician. The geophysical data show no evidence of significant deformation north of the western margin of Newfoundland that would be associated with later compressive events of the Acadian orogeny.
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10

Magnan, Gabriel, Michelle Garneau, and Serge Payette. "Holocene development of maritime ombrotrophic peatlands of the St. Lawrence North Shore in eastern Canada." Quaternary Research 82, no. 1 (July 2014): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.04.016.

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AbstractMacrofossil analyses were used to reconstruct long-term vegetation successions within ombrotrophic peatlands (bogs) from the northern shorelines of the St. Lawrence Estuary (Baie-Comeau) and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Havre-St-Pierre). Over the Holocene, the timing and the ecological context of peatland inception were similar in both regions and were mainly influenced by fluctuations in relative sea level. Peat accumulation started over deltaic sands after the withdrawal of the Goldthwait Sea from 7500 cal yr BP and above silt–clay deposits left by the Laurentian marine transgression after 4200 cal yr BP. In each region, the early vegetation communities were similar within these two edaphic contexts where poor fens with Cyperaceae and eastern larch (Larix laricina) established after land emergence. The rapid transitions to ombrotrophy in the peatlands of Baie-Comeau are associated with particularly high rates of peat accumulation during the early developmental stage. The results suggest that climate was more propitious to Sphagnum growth after land emergence in the Baie-Comeau area. Macrofossil data show that treeless Sphagnum-dominated bogs have persisted over millennia and that fires had few impacts on the vegetation dynamics. This study provides insight into peatland vegetation responses to climate in a poorly documented region of northeastern America.
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Reports on the topic "Petroleum - Canada - Gulf of St. Lawrence region"

1

Sanford, B. V. Geology and oil and gas possibilities of the Gulf of St. Lawrence region - southeastern Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210109.

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Dietrich, J. R. Geological Setting and Petroleum Systems of the Carboniferous Magdalen Basin, Gulf of St Lawrence, Eastern Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226324.

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3

Kao, H., S. J. Shan, J. F. Cassidy, and S. A. Dehler. Crustal structure in the Gulf of St. Lawrence region, eastern Canada: preliminary results from receiver function analysis. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/293724.

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4

Wightman, W. G., A. C. Grant, and T. A. Rehill. Paleontological evidence for marine influence during deposition of the Westphalian Coal Measures in the Gulf of St. Lawrence-Sydney Basin region, Atlantic Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193850.

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