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Parra, Francisco Diaz. "Benefits of unit rate contracting in the petrochemical industry." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008parrad.pdf.
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Giantsos, John. "The effects of trade policy on the development of the South African petrochemical industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002749.
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The objective of the research was to determine the role which South African trade policy played in shaping the development of the domestic petrochemical industry. The focus of the study falls on the domestic development of the petrochemical industry in general, and the polymer industry in particular. Three broad stages are distinguished in the domestic development of the petrochemical industry. Prior to the early 1970's development occurred primarily on an ad hoc basis, with the establishment of domestic production plants for most major petrochemicals. The development of the domestic petrochemical industry over the period from the early 1970's to the early 1980's was characterised by rapid growth in the domestic production of petrochemicals, while the period from the early 1980's to the early 1990's saw a significant slowdown in the annual growth rate for the domestic production of petrochemicals. The role of trade policy in the industry's development over each of these three periods could not be established conclusively. In each period a number of factors were identified which may have impacted on the industry's development. However, two factors do appear to have played particularly important roles in the industry's development prior to the early 1980's, namely strong growth in domestic petrochemical demand and the provision of a substantial degree of protection through quantitative import controls and tariffs. with regard to the industry's development over the period from the early 1980's to the early 1990's, a number of factors were identified which may have influenced trends in domestic petrochemical production, including the withdrawal of quantitative import controls and the progressive lowering of import tariffs, the depreciation of the rand in the mid-1980's, a slowdown in the growth of the domestic demand for petrochemicals, the fall in the international prices of petrochemicals in the early 1980's, and the fall in the international oil price in the mid-1980's. In view of the small size of the domestic petrochemical market it is recommended that local petrochemical producers should continue to expand their focus beyond that of producing solely for the requirements of the domestic market. In light of the key role played by the petrochemical industry in a modern economy, it is also recommended that the industry in South Africa receive more attention from policy makers than it has in the past.
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Louw, Johannes Jacobus. "Advanced supply chain planning processes and decision support sytems for large-scale petrochemical companies /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1117.
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Li, Wenkai. "Modeling oil refinery for production planning, scheduling and economic analysis /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CENG%202004%20LI.
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Enayat, Seyed Ebrahim. "Japan, Iran and the oil business : a case study of the Iran Japan petrochemical company." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2167.
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The issue of Japan's heavy dependence on Middle Eastern oil has attracted a lot of attention in the political and academic circles for the reason that Japan is the second biggest consumer and the largest importer of oil in the world. Consequently, any action by Japan would not only have a major impact on petroleum markets, but also on international relations, security and on the Middle East itself. In the late 1960s Japan began negotiations with Iran, her biggest oil supplier at that time, about the establishment of a petrochemical joint venture. These negotiations led to the creation of the Iran Japan Petrochemical Company (UPC) in 1973. This study examines the different reasons why the main partners, Mitsui Bussan of Japan and the National Petrochemical Company of Iran as well as their respective governments, were so interested in the idea of a joint venture. It traces the troubled history of UPC from the preliminary negotiations in 1968, through two decades which saw the Iranian Revolution and the setting up of an Islamic state, the Iran-Iraq War, and two oil crises, until its dissolution in 1990. The research reveals conflicts of interest between Japanese and Iranian motivations behind the venture, between the goals of the privately owned Mitsui Bussan and the state-run National Petrochemical Company as well as their contrasting organisational and managerial styles, which led to the failure of UPC and its eventual dissolution. Using the case of IJPC as an example, the study argues that the setting up of a joint venture of this nature was an inappropriate response to the main purposes of each nation, i.e. the Japanese desire for a stable oil supply and the Iranian desire for rapid industrialisation and transfer of technology. Finally, it suggest alternative policies through which each country could achieve its respective ambitions.
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Gatrell, Jay D. "Localized innovation a geography of the petro-chemical industry in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=752.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 235 p. : ill., maps Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 222-235).
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Abussaud, Basim Ahmed. "Wet air oxidation of benzene." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103362.
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Processing of petrochemical compounds produces a large amount of wastewater. This wastewater consists of toxic (hazardous) materials that can not be discharged to the environment without treatment. As restrictive environmental constraints increase, new technologies are needed to treat those toxic materials before discharging them to the environment. Wet Air Oxidation (WAO) is one of these new methods.This study casts light on the effect of initial pH on the WAO of benzene at different temperatures and pressures. It was found that at pH 6, a temperature of 260°C and a partial pressure of oxygen of 1.38 MPa around 97% degradation was achieved in one hour. When the initial pH was lowered to 4 more than 90% degradation was achieved at 220°C and PO2 of 1.38 MPa in only 15 minutes.` It was concluded that the higher the temperature the better the benzene degradation, and the faster benzene degradation has been obtained with the increasing partial pressure of oxygen. The main intermediates were acetic acid and formic acid.
Furthermore, it was found that the degradation of benzene can be further enhanced in the presence of phenol. The main reason can be attributed to the effect of the free radicals generated from the fast phenol degradation. A simplified pathway for oxidation of benzene was proposed.
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Jahansoozi, Julia. "When interests collide : the story of an industry-community relationship." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/337.
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This thesis makes a new contribution to the field of public relations in the area of organization-public relationships (OPRs). The thesis focuses on a petroleum industry-community relationship in Sundre, Alberta, Canada, which was explored in-depth. A qualitative phenomenological orientation was adopted as it suited the focus of the research which was to explore and describe the lived experiences of the actual participants involved in the Organization-Public Relationship phenomenon as well as how they described the relational elements and related them to their experience of the OPR. In-depth interviews, as the primary method, were conducted with both industry and community members. Secondary methods played an important but minor role and were used primarily for the purpose of the researcher as a tool to double check the interview findings and included participant observation, discourse analysis, and a small co-orientation survey. The empirical research undertaken uncovered the importance of the background context of the OPR when engaging in relationship building and maintenance activities, opinions regarding the relational elements, relationship building processes, including the importance of having communication and trust building workshops. An interesting finding for this particular industry-community relationship emerged concerning the influence of ‘management guru’ Stephen Covey’s work which shaped the way the industry and community members engaged with each other. Trust emerged as the fundamental relational element, whilst transparency was critical for rebuilding trust after a crisis. This thesis has added to the body of theoretical knowledge in the field of public relations. Specifically it extended the understanding of an area of practice, community relations, and it has explored options for the management of activism and community engagement. The thesis also contributes to public relations practice. Public relations practitioners working within the oil and gas industry as well as other non-renewable resource extraction industries are responsible for developing and maintaining relationships with key publics, including the communities they operate within. Practitioners need to be able to work with the relational parties and collaborate in the development of processes that meet the needs of the participants. As practitioners shift their focus to developing relationships with key publics they will need to develop new skills in areas such as conflict resolution, community engagement, and interpersonal relationship building. This piece of research is functional as it reflects on the OPR and highlights findings that are useful for gaining insight into the relational dynamics for academics and practitioners as well as questioning the power distribution and dynamics within this particular OPR. By adopting the phenomenological approach it has provided a representation of an OPR, which whilst it cannot be generalized it does provide a richer understanding of how relationship building processes can operate as well as the importance of trust and transparency building when there has been a relational history of hostility, distrust and deep unhappiness. Further qualitative research should explore the development and maintenance of the other OPRs in order to understand more about the various contexts, processes, content and ability to set agendas within relationships. It would also be interesting to further explore the influence of management gurus and management fashions adopted or promoted by senior management involved in OPRs and illuminate how these approaches are implemented and impact an organization’s external relationships.
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Niemand, Marinus. "Assessing the suitability of holonic control to the commodity petrochemical industry." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05042005-121757/.
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Victor, Tarilate. "An analysis of the corporate social responsibility practices of indigenous oil companies operating in the Niger Delta." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=235933.
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Kwayiba, Thamsanqa Felix. "Workers' perceptions of occupational safety and health administration measures at Sasol Infrachem in Sasolburg." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001090.
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This is a qualitative study that seeks to explore the workers’ perceptions towards the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) system at the petrochemical industrial plant Sasol Infrachem in Sasolburg. It provides a platform for shop floor workers to express their subjective perceptions of the company’s OSHA measures by answering open ended questions. The study advances the notion that notwithstanding the safety managers’ efforts towards ensuring a safety regime in the workplace, however lucrative these might be, to really ensure a safe working environment in the workplace will always depend on the individual workers’ motivation to participate safely at work at any given time to ensure his/her safety and that of others. The study explores this subject by considering how they perceive these safety strategies, their vigilance, attitudes, their ownership of these and their inclination to comply with the occupational safety and health administration measures of Sasol. This study follows a Postmodernist theoretical framework emphasizing differences. Difference is a first and foremost identity feature of human beings. This goes for both their external and internal qualities. How workers perceive and relate to safety concepts will always be shaped by the differences among them. The study also makes use of the Environmental Justice Theory as a central theme, that holds that one life lost is one too many. At the forefront of industries are shop floor workers who are most vulnerable to workplace incident.The study assumes this premise with regard to their safety and health in the workplace
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Sánchez, Bajo Claudia B. "The political economy of regionalism business actors in Mercosur in the petrochemical and steel industrial sectors /." Maastricht : Shaker Pub, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48560669.html.
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Al-Kahtany, Abdulwahab Said. "Organizational Commitment: A Cross-National Comparison of Arab and Non-Arab Employees in Saudi Petrochemical Companies." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277912/.
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Individuals with different personal demographics and job-based factors have different attitudes and behaviors, which can influence their levels of commitment to their organizations. These differences in organizational commitment increase as their cultural backgrounds differ significantly. Personal demographics and job-related factors are reliable predictors of employees' commitment to their employing organizations. The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate if there is a difference in the level of employees' commitment to Saudi petrochemical companies on the basis of differences in their personal demographics and job-related factors.
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Oliveira, Robson de. "Contabilidade ambiental : evidencia????o de eventos econ??micos de natureza ambiental pelas empresas do setor qu??mico e petroqu??mico." FECAP - Faculdade Escola de Com??rcio ??lvares Penteado, 2005. http://132.0.0.61:8080/tede/handle/tede/649.
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Previous issue date: 2005-08-29The companies, as integrant part of the society, are being forced to meet environmental goals, besides the economical ones, demonstrating that besides the economical return generated to the shareholders, they are also creating social return to the communities where they are located. Environmental Accounting is the system of information which main aim is to gather, measure and disclose the environmental transactions seeking to exercise the important role of communication vehicle between company and society. In this context, the accounting statements deserve attention and special study, regarding that they represent the main disclosure channel of economic-environmental items of which the Accounting uses. The objective of this work was to analyze a sample of accounting statements published in Brazil with the objective of verifying how the investments, liabilities and environmental costs have been disclosed. Unhappily, the accounting statements of this companies had revealed little adequate to the new necessities of the users of the accounting information, and parallel, insufficient to take care of to the requirements of NBC T 15 - Information of Social and Ambient Nature, approved for the Resolution of the Federal Advice of Accounting - CFC n?? 1.003, that it will enter in vigor from 1?? of January of 2006.
As empresas, como parte integrante da sociedade, est??o sendo fortemente demandadas a cumprirem metas ambientais, al??m das econ??micas; demonstrando que, al??m do retorno econ??mico gerado aos acionistas, tamb??m est??o gerando retorno social ??s comunidades em que se encontram inseridas. A Contabilidade Ambiental apresenta-se como o sistema de informa????es que tem como finalidade principal coletar, mensurar e evidenciar as transa????es ambientais visando a exercer o importante papel de ve??culo de comunica????o entre a empresa e a sociedade. Neste sentido, as demonstra????es cont??beis merecem aten????o e estudo especiais, haja vista que representam o principal canal de evidencia????o de itens econ??mico-ambientais do qual faz uso a Contabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de analisar uma amostra de demonstra????es cont??beis publicadas no Brasil, das empresas Petrobr??s, Braskem, Refap, Copesul, Bunge Fertilizantes, Basf, Petroqu??mica Uni??o e OPP, todas do ramo qu??mico e petroqu??mico, no intuito de verificar como t??m sido evidenciados os investimentos, passivos e custos ambientais pelas referidas empresas. Infelizmente, as demonstra????es cont??beis dessas companhias mostraram-se pouco adequadas ??s novas necessidades dos usu??rios da informa????o cont??bil, e paralelamente, insuficientes para atender ??s exig??ncias da NBC T 15 - Informa????es de Natureza Social e Ambiental, aprovadas pela Resolu????o do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade - CFC n?? 1.003, que entrar?? em vigor a partir de 1?? de janeiro de 2006.
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Louw, Johannes Jacobus. "Advanced supply chain planning processes and decision support systems for large-scale petrochemical companies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1117.
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Thesis (PhD (Logistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.Conventional supply chain integration concepts focus primarily on the internal and external integration of individual supply chains (can be viewed as intra-supply chain integration). Due to the highly integrated nature of petrochemical value chains, related supply chains should also be integrated by taking account of enterprise/industry-wide synergies and interdependencies (can be viewed as inter-supply chain integration). Inter-supply chain integration can typically develop along three dimensions: - Upstream feed clusters (upstream in the chemical value chain) - Downstream product clusters (downstream in the chemical value chain) - Macro logistics network clusters (within and across related logistics networks for liquid bulk, dry bulk, packaged goods and gases) This dissertation presents a generic framework of applicable intra- and inter-supply chain planning processes that supports related long- (strategic), medium- (tactical) and short-term (operational) supply chain decisions for large-scale petrochemical companies. This type of companies has to manage relative complex supply chains. Highly complex supply chains (due to an extensive product portfolio, supplier base, customer base, manufacturing processes, transportation, and management processes and systems) require far more advanced planning processes than simple supply chains. Advanced supply chain planning processes cover an extended supply chain scope, deal with longer time horizons, and utilize more sophisticated analytical techniques and decision support systems. An extensive literature study, supplemented by empirical research in the South African petrochemical industry, provided the foundation for the advanced supply chain planning framework concluded in this dissertation. Semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire presented to an informed audience constitute the empirical research conducted. The related best practices, concepts, approaches followed, and level of advancement in three supply chain planning dimensions were derived. To guide petrochemical companies along the planning advancement journey, the roadmap developed can be utilized for the application and implementation of the advanced supply chain planning framework. This roadmap articulates the advancement stages, dimensions, characteristics, and triggers to advance. Typical characteristics associated with the advancement stages and dimensions provide the means for a company to assess their level of progression. The essential mechanisms that can enable interventions are also articulated.
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Freitas, Jefferson Giacomace de Sousa. "??ndice de conformidade de evidencia????o aplicado ao setor petroqu??mico brasileiro: an??lise de conte??do para o ano de 2013." FECAP - Faculdade Escola de Com??rcio ??lvares Penteado, 2015. http://132.0.0.61:8080/tede/handle/tede/554.
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Previous issue date: 2015-08-06In order to obtain the disclosure of conformity index (ICE), this paper selected as the measurement attributes and the mandatory disclosure published in the notes on chemical companies for the year 2013, adhering to forty-five (45) technical pronuncements (CPC), seventeen interpretations (ICPC) and six guidelines (OCPC), issud by the committee of accounting pronouncements (CPC). The research methodology applied is characterized as qualitative and quantitative and documentary character. The research methodology is characterized as qualitative and quantitative and documentary character. Qualitative because it is to examine the financial statements and notes disclosed by companies to comply with the standards, guidelines and interpretations in the category disclosure and measurement. The approach is also characterized as quantitative as calculate the Disclosure Compliance Index (ICE) applied to the Brazilian chemical industry , and its evolution. The result of our analysis, the net disclosure complaince rate was 61% 55% and 63% to the companhy Braskem S.A, Fertilizers Henringer S.A and Elekeiroz S.A, Which had 152, 137 and 157 disclosure of items of a total 248 items requerid for the year 2013. This study hopes to contribute to the disclosure of conformity index (ICE) for the evaluation of companies in Brazil capital market compared with overseas companies that adopted IFRS correlated to CPC adopted in Brazil, if companies with a high disclosure complaince (ICE) have lower risks and if there was a decrease or absence of volunteers items, since it expects an increase of the items requerid on the basis of CPC, ICPC, OCPC
Com o prop??sito de auferir o ??ndice de conformidade de evidencia????o (ICE), este trabalho selecionou como atributos a mensura????o e a evidencia????o obrigat??rias publicadas nas notas explicativas nas empresas do setor qu??mico, referente ao ano de 2013, aderentes aos quarenta e cinco (45) pronunciamentos t??cnicos (CPC), dezessete interpreta????es (ICPC) e seis orienta????es (OCPC), emitidos pelo comit?? de pronunciamentos cont??beis (CPC). A metodologia da pesquisa aplicada caracteriza-se como quali-quantitativa e de car??ter documental. Qualitativa por se tratar de examinar as demonstra????es cont??beis e notas explicativas divulgadas pelas empresas se est??o em conformidade com os pronunciamentos, orienta????es e interpreta????es no quesito evidencia????o e mensura????o. A abordagem tamb??m se caracteriza como quantitativa, pois calcular?? o ??ndice de Conformidade de Evidencia????o (ICE) aplicado ao setor qu??mico brasileiro, e sua evolu????o. Como resultado da nossa an??lise, o ??ndice de conformidade de evidencia????o apurado foi de 61%, 55% e 63%, para a empresa Braskem S.A, Fertilizantes Heringer S.A e Elekeiroz S.A, que apresentaram 152, 137 e 157 itens de evidencia????o de um total de 248 itens obrigat??rios para o ano de 2013. Este trabalho espera contribuir para o ??ndice de conformidade de evidencia????o (ICE) para avalia????o das empresas no mercado de capitais do Brasil em compara????o com as empresas no exterior que adotaram as IFRS s correlacionadas aos CPC s adotados no Brasil, se as empresas com um alto ??ndice de conformidade de evidencia????o (ICE) possuem riscos menores e se houve uma diminui????o ou n??o dos itens volunt??rios, uma vez que se espera um aumento dos itens obrigat??rios com base nos CPC, ICPC, OCPC
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Hoffman, Andrew J. 1991. "The environmental transformation of American industry : an institutional account of organizational evolution in the chemical and petroleum industries, (1960-1993)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11744.
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Whitehead, Carson Jr. "Evaluation of the Impact of Process Design and Anthropometric Differences on the Chemical Exposure and Ergonomic Stress of Workers in the Petroleum Industry." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613741803799256.
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Terada, Galileu Godoy. "Caracterização e aplicação de sensores à fibra ótica no setor petroquímico." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2010. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1293.
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ANP; FINEPEste trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o emprego de redes de período longo como transdutores aplicados ao setor petroquímico. Resultados são apresentados ilustrando as fases envolvidas na produção, caracterização, encapsulação e aplicação das redes de período longo. Utilizando o método de gravação ponto-a-ponto e luz ultravioleta, foram produzidas três redes de período longo. Foi proposta uma metodologia para encapsulação de redes capaz de agregar robustez e versatilidade ao sistema de medição. A rede encapsulada foi aplicada na análise de misturas de combustíveis e solventes. Foi observado que a sensibilidade da rede ao índice de refração externo não foi prejudicada pela encapsulação e que, além da proteção adicional contra danos externos, a reprodutibilidade da rede foi melhorada consideravelmente. Para as amostras empregadas, a melhoria na reprodutibilidade apresentou valores entre 40 % e 78 %. Finalmente, o desempenho da rede encapsulada foi verificado para análise da concentração de etanol em uma mistura etanol-água. Foi observado que a resposta da rede à concentração de etanol é não-linear e possui uma região de ambiguidade para amostras com concentração de etanol entre 60 % e 100 %. Para solucionar o problema da ambiguidade e determinar a concentração de etanol em misturas etanol-água, foram propostos quatro métodos baseados em redes neurais artificiais e sistemas fuzzy. O método com o melhor desempenho foi construído baseado em redes neurais artificiais e implementado de forma a correlacionar a resposta da LPG com a velocidade do som obtida para amostras com diferentes concentrações de etanol. O desvio máximo observado entre o valor da concentração de etanol em uma amostra em relação ao valor fornecido pela rede neural artificial foi de apenas 0,55%, com erro médio quadrático de 0,13%.
This work shows the applicability of long period gratings as transducers in the petrochemical industry. Results are presented in order to illustrate the phases involved in the fabrication, characterization, encapsulation and application of the long period gratings. Three long period gratings were produced using the point-by-point technique based on the ultraviolet irradiation. An encapsulation methodology was proposed to improve the long period grating robustness and versatility. The encapsulated long period grating was applied to the fuel blends and solvents analysis. It was shown that the optical fiber device sensitivity for changes in the external refractive index is not affected by the encapsulation. In addition to the extra protection to external damages added by the encapsulation, the device reproducibility was considerably improved. For the employed samples this improvements range from 40 % to 78 %. Finally the transducer performance was assessed in the analysis of ethanol concentration in ethanol-water mixture. It was found that the long period grating response to the ethanol concentration is non-linear and presents an ambiguous behavior to samples with ethanol concentration ranging from 60 % to 100 %. Four different methods based on artificial neural networks and fuzzy inference systems were proposed to determine the ethanol concentration in ethanol-water mixtures. The method with the best performance was based on artificial neural networks, and implemented in order to correlate the LPG response with the sample’s sound velocity obtained to samples with different ethanol concentration. The maximum deviation observed between the sample’s ethanol concentration and the value provided by the artificial neural network was 0,55%, with mean squared error of 0.13 %.
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Bell, John T. "Modelling of the global petrochemical industry." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22501472.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1990.Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 378-389).
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Vejjajiva, Witchu. "Beyond free markets and strong states the institutional basis of petrochemical development in Thailand /." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/44725070.html.
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Mealor, Tony. "Catalysts continuity and change : workplace restructuring in the chemical industry /." 1999. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN2000.0020/index.html.
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Yam, Lee Hong. "Perceptions of senior managers on corporate social responsibility in the petrochemical industry in Malaysia." 2007. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/80391.
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The collapse of WorldCom (USA 2002), Enron (USA 2001), Exxon Valdez (USA 1989) and Union Carbide (India 1984) has inevitably invited tighter scrutiny from the public on unethical business practices. In order to be competitive in today's market economy, businesses need to be socially responsible and sensitive to the interests of various stakeholders, including the environment and society in general.A study of senior managers' perceptions of CSR is vital as they are the most influential people in an organization, possessing the requisite power and resources to achieve its expectations. The petrochemical industry is chosen in this study due to its highly environmentally sensitive nature. In this research project, the CSR perceptions of senior managers in the petrochemical industry in Malaysia are examined from the perspectives of their demographic attributes, specific organizational characteristics and organizational culture. The main objectives are to study the CSR perceptions of senior of senior managers in the Malaysian petrochemical industry, to analyse the complex relationships among the moderating variables and CSR perceptions, as well as study the relationships among the four types of responsibilities of Carroll's (1979) CSR construct. Multivariate analysis, namely MANOVER, is used to analyse the complex relationships among senior managers' CSR perceptions, their demographic attributes, organizational characteristics and organizational culture.
The research findings indicate that there are simultaneous relationships among the variables correlated with the CSR perceptions of senior managers. These findings can provide useful guidelines in formulating organisational CSR policies, and human resource recruitment policy, as well as in designing training programs to increase CSR awareness among the employees. The CSR perceptions of the senior managers surveyed support Carroll's (1979) CSR model that the economic and legal responsibilities are viewed as more important than ethical and discretionary responsibilities. The relationships among the four types of responsibilities are also found to be consistent with the literature. Content analysis is used to supplement the quantitative analysis to give an overview of CSR in the Malaysian petrochemical industry by understanding the organisational culture pertaining to CSR. It is important to note that all participating companies are committed to being socially responsible in protecting the environment, despite the different levels of emphasis given in their organisational documents.
Thesis (DBA(DoctorateofBusinessAdministration))--University of South Australia, 2007
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Ramluckan, Krishan. "The evaluation of liquid hydrocarbon contamination of soil around petrochemical tank farms at a Durban refinery." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/162.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chemistry) -Dept. of Chemistry, Durban Institute of Technology, 2004
xxiv, 349 leaves : ill. ; 31 cmThe primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of liquid hydrocarbon contamination present in the soil within the SAPREF refinery. The secondary objective arising from this was the development of a gas chromatographic (GC) method using a fifty metre PONA (Paraffin, Olefin, Naphthalene and Aromatic) capillary column and the split injection technique, for the analysis. Toluene was the solvent selected, with the Standard method for the BÜCHI extraction system, to extract the hydrocarbons present in the soil samples taken at the five different tank farm sites in the refinery. The main purpose of the analysis and evaluation was to enable the refinery to establish environmental control measures to reduce the contamination of the soil in the area.
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Niemand, Marinus. "Assessing the suitability of holonic control to the commodity petrochemical industry." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24309.
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Sparks, Stephen. "'Stink, maar uit die verkeerde rigting' : pollution, politics and petroleum refining in South Africa, 1948-1960." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4340.
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This dissertation analyses the history of the politics of pollution and petroleum refining in South Africa during the first decade of Apartheid, focusing on the country's first two oil refineries, both of which were built by multinational oil companies in Durban in the 1950s and 60s. It traces the origins of the development of environmental regulation in relation to oil refinery pollution. The dissertation outlines the development of a sense of disillusionment caused by the persistence of pollution problems associated with petroleum refining in the face of failed attempts at technological and expert interventions. The study identifies the existence of a civic culture amongst Bluff residents founded on ratepayer and landowner identities, through which they were able to exercise considerable purchase on the local State. Ultimately, the story of how two petroleum refineries ended up in the midst of residential communities in south Durban's represents a reiteration of the importance of race to the development of local urban landscapes during Apartheid.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004
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Cheng, Nan-Hung, and 鄭南宏. "The Study on the Relationship among Types of Technology Gap, Characteristics of Technology Network and Technology Sources - Case Study of Taiwan Petroleum Chemicals Industry." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06613331352384440366.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
管理學研究所
94
In the latest few years, Taiwan petroleum chemicals industry has become a mature industry, grow up slowly, profit of product was reduce, and the transition of of industrial structure makes the materials demand of the petroleum chemicals industry grows up slowly in the future, corporations look for the new outlet actively. The ways of Petroleum chemicals industry's enterprises avoid the problems, the technological innovation of the products is one of the main directions, contain four kinds of different ways in it: 1. Improve existing products are and develop new grade; 2. Develop relatived new products; 3. Develop the unrelated new products; 4. Develop products of new industry. The purpose of this research is the relation among types of technology gap (Technology relation and Technology ability disparity), characteristics of technology network and technology sources when enterprises engaged in the technology innovation of the products. While thinking of technology sources, besides technology gap, the characteristics of technology network are also important factors. We should probe into the technology speciality, technology ability, network members have with the will and terms of offering technology. We find when enterprises in the applying type technology gap (High technology relation and small technology ability disparity) and the upgrading type technology gap (High technology relation and big technology ability disparity), technology sources of enterprises come from research and develop by oneself, not only can promote the ability of core technology, but also can combine the vertical relation of products. When enterprises in the unrelated type technology gap (Low technology relation and small technology ability disparity) and the breaking type technology gap (Low technology relation and big technology ability disparity), technology ability disparity is big to this two types of technology gaps, expect very much enterprise technology ability and funds ability, technology sources of enterprises come from enterprise outside.
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Calela-Rodrigues, Jose Julio. "Oil as a diplomatic weapon: the strategies and politics of breaking dependency on energy needs by middle level developing countries with technological capacity." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22055.
Full textAbstract:
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Arts. Johannesburg, 1997.Faced with the potential threat of oil embargoes imposed by producer countries for political reasons, the consumer countries reacted by creating different alternatives which granted them some energy independence and security of supply by using alternative products and technologies available in their own countrles, Can a middle level developing country break out of the cycle of dependency in the area of energy? This dissertation investigates the strategy developed and implemented by South Africa between 1973 and 1993, which invested heavily in the generation of fuel extracted from coal in order to rescue its country from crisis and support it through critical periods of history.
AC2017
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Van, Niekerk Johannes Albertus. "Ondersoek na instandhoudingsinligtingstelsels in 'n petrochemiese bedryf." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9515.
Full textAbstract:
M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering)Considering the high cost of maintenance, effective maintenance management have the potential to contribute to the profit of a petrochemical business. The complexity of the maintenance domain in the petrochemical business demands the use of information systems for the management of maintenance. The availability of correct, easily interpretable information about maintenance can therefore contribute to the profit of a petrochemical business. Management decisions are based on available information. The quality (accuracy and timeliness) of the information create more room for creative decisions in the maintenance department. A computerized information management system is a tool employed in the optimization of maintenance cost and a requirement for world class maintenance. This system depends on information of a high quality. It should be kept in mind that this systems is an aid to maintenance management and would never be able to replace the maintenance manager. The role played by high quality information in the success of a computerized maintenance management system point towards the importance of the personnel that maintain the system and those that provide input to the system. These personnel need to be highlytrained and should have the most recent technology available. Continuing development of the computerized maintenance management system within a company is necessary for the system to succeed.
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Maleta, Chimango. "The case for alternative sources of liquid fuels & petro-chemicals and the development of regional hydrocarbons infrastructure in the SADC, with a focus on Malawi." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22222.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Com. (Development Theory and Policy))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, School of Economic and Business Sciences, 2016.Energy security, particularly liquid fuels, is a vital economic goal for both developed and developing nations.As a region, SADC has large coal, oil and gas reserves,and land for potential crop production for biofuels, yet access to liquid fuels is still a major constraint to economic and social development. Some coal is utilised in the region for petrochemical industries, power generation, and for heating. Crude oil reserves are largely exported due to the lack of refineries and pipelines in the region. Whilst biofuels production is in its infancy. This paper explores the challenges and opportunitiesthe SADC region faces in developing refining capacity and in investing in new CTL/GTL facilities as well as liquid fuels from renewable energy resources. A primary focus will be on Malawi and her neighbouring states, as a case study.
MT2017
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Alqahtani, Khalid. "Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industry Integration and Coordination under Uncertainty." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4204.
Full textAbstract:
Petroleum refining and the petrochemical industry account for a major share in the world energy and industrial market. In many situations, they represent the economy back-bone of industrial countries. Today, the volatile environment of the market and the continuous change in customer requirements lead to constant pressure to seek opportunities that properly align and coordinate the different components of the industry. In particular, petroleum refining and petrochemical industry coordination and integration is gaining a great deal of interest. However, previous research in the field either studied the two systems in isolation or assumed limited interactions between them.
The aim of this thesis is to provide a framework for the planning, integration and coordination of multisite refinery and petrochemical networks using proper deterministic, stochastic and robust optimization techniques. The contributions of this dissertation fall into three categories; namely, a) Multisite refinery planning, b) Petrochemical industry planning, and c) Integration and coordination of multisite refinery and petrochemical networks.
The first part of this thesis tackles the integration and coordination of a multisite refinery network. We first address the design and analysis of multisite integration and coordination strategies within a network of petroleum refineries through a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) technique. The integrated network design specifically addresses intermediate material transfer between processing units at each site. The proposed model is then extended to account for model uncertainty by means of two-stage stochastic programming. Parameter uncertainty was considered and included coefficients of the objective function and right-hand-side parameters in the inequality constraints. Robustness is analyzed based on both model robustness and solution robustness, where each measure is assigned a scaling factor to analyze the sensitivity of the refinery plan and the integration network due to variations. The proposed technique makes use of the sample average approximation (SAA) method with statistical bounding techniques to give an insight on the sample size required to give adequate approximation of the problem.
The second part of the thesis addresses the strategic planning, design and optimization of a network of petrochemical processes. We first set up and give an overview of the deterministic version of the petrochemical industry planning model adopted in this thesis. Then we extend the model to address the strategic planning, design and optimization of a network of petrochemical processes under uncertainty and robust considerations. Similar to the previous part, robustness is analyzed based on both model robustness and solution robustness. Parameter uncertainty considered in this part includes process yield, raw material and product prices, and lower product market demand. The Expected Value of Perfect Information (EVPI) and Value of the Stochastic Solution (VSS) are also investigated to numerically illustrate the value of including the randomness of the different model parameters.
The final part of this dissertation addresses the integration between the multisite refinery system and the petrochemical industry. We first develop a framework for the design and analysis of possible integration and coordination strategies of multisite refinery and petrochemical networks to satisfy given petroleum and chemical product demand. The main feature of the work is the development of a methodology for the simultaneous analysis of process network integration within a multisite refinery and petrochemical system. Then we extend the petroleum refinery and petrochemical industry integration problem to consider different sources of uncertainties in model parameters. Parameter uncertainty considered includes imported crude oil price, refinery product price, petrochemical product price, refinery market demand, and petrochemical lower level product demand. We apply the sample average approximation (SAA) method within an iterative scheme to generate the required scenarios and provide solution quality by measuring the optimality gap of the final solution.
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Chen, Chang-Hui, and 陳昌輝. "Relational Analysis between Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission of Petroleum Chemical Industry in Taiwan." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16621311498068336379.
Full textAbstract:
碩士嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系暨研究所
98
This study applied input-output analysis, multiplier analysis, energy structural analysis and decoupling analysis to analyze the multiplier effect of CO2 emission in petroleum chemical industry from 1982 to 2008. The object is to study and analyze the industrial economy, the energy efficiency and the emission identity of CO2 in the Petroleum chemical industry. Finally, this study executed decoupling analysis to analyze the relationship between the energy consumption and GDP. Based on the input-output analysis, the high relative effects were confirmed in chemical material manufacturing, chemical products manufacturing and oil & gas refining industry, which indicates that these industries more significantly in economy and supported whole industry system. Moreover, the energy multiplier analysis shows that the average values of chemical material manufacturing and rubber & plastic products manufacturing were 22.78×107 kcal/million NT and 11.46×107 kcal/million NT, respectively, which located at the front ranking of whole industries were belong to high energy consuming industries. The carbon dioxide emission in multipliers analysis shows that the average values of the chemical material manufacturing, chemical products manufacturing, oil & gas refining industry, rubber & plastic products manufacturing wre 52.46 ton/million NT, 22.40 ton/million NT, 20.90 ton/million NT, and 36.55 ton/million NT, respectively. Furthermore, decoupling analysis illustrates that the petroleum chemical industries were high energy consuming and high pollution industry and tends to deteriorate gradually, which indicates that the energy efficiency of petroleum chemical industry did not improved apparently. Therefore, petroleum chemical industries are required to devote deeply their efforts in conduction CO2 emission-reduction policy and use renewable energy to increase energy usage efficiency. Finally, this research results could contribute as the guidance of sustainable development for petroleum chemical industry in their further applications.
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Pieterse, Ferdinandus Lukas Johannes Bartholomeus 1959. "Die invloed van werknemerbemagtiging op skofwerkers se werknemerdoeltreffendheid en hul persepsies van die gehalte van hul werklewe." Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15784.
Full textAbstract:
Text in Afrikaans, abstract in Afrikaans and EnglishDie doel van hierdie navorsing was om te bepaal of betekenisvolle verskille bestaan tussen werknemerdoeltreffendheid en persepsies van gehalte van werklewe van bemagtigde en niebemagtigde skofwerkers in die Suid-Afrikaanse petrochemiese bedryf. Skofwerknavorsing het gedurende die afgelope dekade internasionaal toegeneem. Hiermee gepaardgaande het verskeie intervensies ontstaan om die doeltreffendheid van skofwerkers en hulle gehalte van werklewe te bevorder. Deur gebruik te maak van 'n gekombineerde vraelys ("Standard Shiftwork Index") en werklike data ten opsigte van afwesigheid en prestasiebeoordelings, is 'n steekproef van 102 gevalle geanaliseer. 'n 90 persent betroubaarheidinterval is gebruik om waardes ten opsigte van elke veranderlike te bepaal. Daar is bevind dat werknemerbemagtiging weinig invloed het op skofwerkers se werkbywoning. Daar is ook gevind dat werknemerbemagtiging nie lei tot 'n meer positiewe persepsie, by toesighouers, van skofwerkwerkers se algemene werkprestasie nie. Daar is egter bevind dat skofwerkers se persepsies van hulle gehalte van werklewe, ten opsigte van werkdissatisfaksie, chroniese vermoeidheid en tevredenheid met sosiale omstandighede, wel positiefbelnvloed word deur werknemerbemagtiging. Aanbevelings is gemaak ten opsigte van die aanwending van werknemerbemagtiging, as intervensie in skofwerkomgewings, asook vir verdere skofwerknavorsing in Suid-Afrika.
The purpose of this research was to determine if significant differences exist between employee effectiveness and perceptions of quality of working life of empowered and non-empowered shiftworkers in the South-African petrochemical industry. By using the Standard Shiftwork Index and real absenteeism and appraisal data, a sample of 102 cases was analysed. A 90 percent confidence interval was used to determine t-values for variables. It was found that empowerment has little influence on the work attendance of shiftworkers and that empowerment does not lead to more positive perceptions of general work performance of shiftworkers, among their supervisors. It was, however, found that shiftworkers' perceptions of their quality of working life are improved by empowerment in respect of work dissatisfaction, chronic fatigue and satisfaction with social circumstances. Suggestions were made concerning the use of empowerment, as an intervention, in shiftwork environments and for future shiftwork research in South-Africa.
Industrial & Organisational Psychology
M.Comm. (Bedryfsielkunde)
34
Hong, Chun-Shou, and 洪春守. "Development Trend for the Petroleum Chemical Industry and the Linkage Analysis of CO2 Emission in Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33457138169914510805.
Full textAbstract:
碩士嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系碩士班
92
This study uses input-output analysis, multiplier analysis and energy structural decomposition analysis to investigate inter-industry linkage, energy consumption and CO2 emission characteristics of the petroleum chemical industry from 1981 to 1999 in Taiwan, to identify the major effective of inter-industry economic and energy factors contributing to the industry. Then consider both economy and environment to scheme the optimum energy consumption by using a input-output fuzzy goal programming, in order to reduce CO2 emission. Results of this study indicate that total linkage of petroleum material sector, plastic material sector and plastic products sector in petroleum chemical industry are relatively high. From 1981 to 1999, the total linkage of petroleum material sector ranks 4 or 5 in 34 sectors, this shows that it is more significant in contributing to other industry develop. From 1981 to 1996, the total linkage of plastic material sector rank keeps 12 to 14, and rises 8 in 1999, this totals me that it promoting the develop of other relative industry can’t negligible. The forward linkage of artificial fiber sector in the year pass is lower than the back linkage. During 1981 to 1996, the total linkage of plastic products sector rank 6 to 10, but to descend 13 in 1999. Through the years, the total linkage effective of rubber products sector in the year pass is lower than average value. Energy multiplier analysis illustrates that the rank of the petroleum material sector, plastic material and artificial fiber sector are top 10 in the year pass, the average value are 39.61, 18.74 and 18.54×107kcal/million NT, rank are 1, 6, 8. This reveals that the three sector consume energy very high. The average energy multiplier of plastic products sector and rubber products sector is 8.67, 7.74×107kcal/ million NT, rank are 17, 18. The five sectors hold 24.21% in 34 sectors, almost one of fourth, it is wonderful. The results of CO2 multiplier analysis Ⅲ demonstrate that the average value of the five sectors are 42.61、37.78、52.66、 23.83 and 26.70 ton/million NT, these hold 15.38% in 34 sectors, to show that CO2 emission from the petroleum industry is considerable high. In view of CO2 reduction effect, changing coal price is the best method for the petroleum chemical industry. On the whole, the petroleum material sector, the plastic material sector, the artificial fiber sector, the plastic products sector and rubber products sector are all high consume energy and high CO2 emission industry. These industry should make efforts to the capacity of the investigation, to develop good products and to raise the linkage efficiency in the future. In addition to, continuing to improve energy intensity, to increase the additional value and to decrease CO2 emission and relative pollutant.
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Hung, Wen-Cheng, and 洪文正. "The Emission of Odors and VOCs in the Petroleum Chemical Industry Area and Meteorological Impacts on the Falling Spots of Pollutants." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24096579642381968100.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
環境與安全工程系碩士班
90
In the past years, it is not regulated as when to measure the air pollution caused of odors. According to the theories in the literatures, they illustrate that the timing of air pollution is related not only to the sources and amounts of the emissions but also the meteorological phenomena. Therefore, there are two subjects in the paper. First, the emission of odors, NMHC, CH4, specific VOCs, and the correlation among them, are analyzed by sampling in the petroleum chemical industry area. Second, we undertake a Gaussian dispersion simulation by utilizing the data of emission sources, VOCs amount and characteristic meteorological phenomena supplied by factories. In addition, we discuss how those petroleum chemical factories affect nearby highly populated areas. As a result, the factories can predict warnings of air pollution according to the season, atmosphere stability and meteorological phenomena. In this paper, the Gaussian Dispersion Model is established by combining Fortran program and the principles of Gaussian Dispersion Equation. The emission source is set as the center of the circle, and then the concentration of falling spots can be imitated in the half of circle. After collecting the data, we select five representative processes in the petroleum chemical industry area, including Olefin Process A, Olefin Process B, oil-refining process, wastewater treatment and tank area. We sampled both upward and downward winds in each process, 4 samples in each time period, and 40 samples in total. The sampling period is in summer, August 9 and 30 and in autumn, October 4 and 25, respectively. The result reveals that the occurrence and concentration of Aromatic BTEX in VOCs are higher than any other. In the four samples, Olefin process B and wastewater treatment result in higher concentration of VOCs than other three processes. In addition, the concentration of NMHC (7.1±6.3 ppm as CH4) is much higher in petroleum chemical industry area than that of in general atmosphere condition (＜1 ppm as CH4). The strength of odors is higher than the authorized standards (the strength of odor＜50). The highest frequency occurs in oil-refining process, followed by wastewater treatment and olefin process A. It would be less frequent to produce odors in tank area and olefin process B. The result also shows that there is no correlation between the concentration of odors and NMHC. The concentration and strength of odors in the second and fourth samplings is related, but not highly related. Since our research object, VOCs, does not cover all particles that produce odors, the coefficient is fairly low. Dispersion imitation shows that when the factories have 60m chimneys and atmosphere stability is in F volume, the area with the highest concentration would cover Hsu-Tso-Liao and Feng-An elementary school in spring. When in summer, fall or winter, and with the same conditions as stated above, or the factories have 150 m chimneys and atmosphere stability is in D volume, the area with the highest concentration would include Wen-Kang Bridge, Bureau of Public Health and Meng-Lin Bridge in Tai-His Village. The result coincides with the polluted spots recorded in Environmental Protection Bureau, Yunlin County. Moreover, the conclusion shows that under different atmosphere stability, the changes of the highest concentration in each falling spot are decreased with the height of the emission sources.
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McGloin, Brendan. "The Union Carbide factory occupation of 1979." Thesis, 2012. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/30213/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines a seminal but largely ignored episode in Australian labour
history. Jn 1979, the Altona Petrochemical Complex was the scene of a historic
materialisation of class struggle, when 52 workers occupied the Union Carbide
plant for a period of 51 days. It was, and remains, the longest factory occupation
in Australian history. Occupations, generally, represent not only a challenge to the
immediate party involved but a fundamental critique of the existing social,
political and economic order, and in that sense must be understood within a
broader milieu of resistance to the imperatives of power. Furthermore, the act of
occupation is an occurrence that can be designated as a "weapon of the
weak." Factory occupations are the highest and most audacious form of
occupation as they, like all occupations, challenge the supposed inviolability of
property, but transcend the potentialities of other occupations by challenging the
property and privileges of the ruling class. The Union Carbide Sit-in Strike
constituted one such challenge. This thesis, which is situated within the broader
narrative of "history from below", has been enabled by the recent acquisition of
the private papers of one of the leading participants. Until now, these archival
sources have not been the subject of any previous scholarly study.
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Lin, Tsang-An, and 林倉安. "The relathionshiops between industry attribution and knowledge management-A case study on Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries, steel industries, and TFT-LCD industries." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74026885869963737282.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
高階經營碩士班
94
The relathionshiops between industry attribution and knowledge management-A case study on Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries, steel industries, and TFT-LCD industries. To meet the demands of the market and create demands and hence to build up new competitive advantages in the knowledge-economy world, the focus of enterprises is to manipulate knowledge, make good use of the characteristics of knowledge-sharing and innovation. Therefore, knowledge management can be deemed as a weapon for organizational management and organizational development. With fine-quality knowledge, enterprises can create new knowledge and enhance corporate competitiveness. The aim of this research is to explore the differences of the mechanisms of knowledge management and the relationships between industry attributions and knowledgement among enterprises. With interviews with companies and relevant literature review, we conclude the following researching findings: Research finding 1: When the technologies in an industry go into a ripe phase, the model of knowledgement tends to focus on integrating explicit knowledge; when the technologies are still in the growth phase, the model of knowledge management focuses on internal interaction. Research finding2: Enterprises place more importance on knowledge transfer and their knowledge management mechanisms focus on information system when the industry life cycle is in the ripe phase; enterprises value knowledge innovation and their knowledge management mechanisms focus on the platform of human interaction when the industry life cycle is in the growth phase. Research finding 3: Industries in ripe phase emphasize the knowledge storage, diffusion, and application; industries in growth phase emphasize the knowledge creation. Keyword: knowledge management, industry attribution, industry life cycle, mechanism of knowledge management.
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Harilal, Laurika. "Understanding SHERQ managerial perspectives of the risks and oppotunities in ISO 14001:2015 implementation in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27650.
Full textAbstract:
Text in English with summary and keywords in English and AfrikaansThe International Organization for Standardization - ISO 14001 environmental standard addresses facets of environmental performance. The implementation of ISO 14001:2015 is aligned with various risks and opportunities, the identification and addressing of which is key in the successful implementation of the ISO 14001:2015 certification. The Durban region is a pollution ‘hotspot’ within KwaZulu-Natal. Assessment of the opportunities and risks of ISO 14001:2015 implementation within the region is key as it can potentially assist with proactive mitigation of risks and the effective utilization of opportunities. The aim of the study is to understand SHERQ (Safety, Health, Environmental, Risk and Quality) managerial perspectives of opportunities and risks of ISO 14001:2015 implementation in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. The following objectives were outlined: To identify ISO 14001 implementation opportunities and risks internationally and nationally by means of an extensive review of international as well as national literature sources, to generate an evaluation framework to assess SHERQ managerial perspectives of risks and opportunities of ISO 14001:2015 implementation within Durban and to analyse SHERQ managerial responses to the ISO 14001:2015 implementation risks and opportunities within the Durban region. The methods included identifying primary opportunities and risks in ISO 14001:2015 from the literature review through an evaluation framework, thereafter, presenting these in questionnaires distributed among SHERQ managers in Durban via email and LinkedIn. Of 62 questionnaires distributed, 42 participants responded. The respondent’s perspectives were assessed through SPSS identifying key risks and opportunities. Objective 1 was achieved through the literature review in which ISO 14001 implementation risks and opportunities were identified. Objective 2 was achieved by generating the evaluation framework which assimilated implementation risks and opportunities. Objective 3 was achieved through the analysis of the responses of respondents to ISO 14001:2015 implementation risks and opportunities. Study results showed that, in line with international reports, 57.2% of all respondents agreed that the maintenance costs of compliance to the standard are high and 76.2% of respondents shared the perspective that company resources are better managed. Respondents were more agreeable to positive statements, indicating opportunities outweighing the risks. Furthermore, despite the risks, there are opportunities from an industry perspective such as increased investor inputs and increased top management involvement. A follow up study is recommended in the Durban region addressing ISO 14001 implementation risks, opportunities, and their investment impacts in order to further hone in on the organizational implications of certification. From an academic standpoint, multiple studies have posited that ISO 14001:2015 implementation resulted in improved financial outcomes but are associated with high implementation costs and it is recommended that a critical cost versus profits analysis into ISO 14001:2015 implementation be undertaken in the Durban region.
Die Internasionale Organisasie vir Standaardisering se ISO 14001-omgewingstandaard spreek fasette van omgewingsprestasie aan. Die implementering van ISO 14001:2015 is gerig op verskeie risiko’s en geleenthede, en die identifisering en aanspreek hiervan staan sentraal tot die suksesvolle implementering van die ISO 14001:2015 - sertifisering. Die Durban-streek is ʼn besoedlingsbrandpunt in KwaZulu-Natal. Evaluering van die geleenthede en risiko’s van die implementering van ISO 14001:2015 binne die streek is van kardinale belang, aangesien dit moontlik kan help met die proaktiewe vermindering van risiko’s en die effektiewe benutting van geleenthede. Die doel van die studie is om SHERQ-bestuursperspektiewe van geleenthede en risiko’s van ISO 14001:2015-implementering in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, te begryp. Die volgende doelwitte is uiteengesit: Om ISO 14001-implementeringsgeleenthede en risiko’s internasionaal en nasionaal te identifiseer deur middel van ʼn uitgebreide oorsig van internasionale sowel as identifiseer deur middel van ʼn uitgebreide oorsig van internasionale sowel as nasionale literatuurbronne; om ʼn evalueringsraamwerk te genereer om SHERQ-bestuursperspektiewe van geleenthede en risiko’s van die implementering van ISO 14001:2015 te evalueer, en om SHERQ-bestuursreaksies op die ISO 14001:2015-implementeringsrisiko’s en -geleenthede te ontleed. Die metodes het ingesluit die identifisering van primêre geleenthede en risiko’s in ISO 14001:2015 vanuit die literatuurbeoordeling deur middel van ʼn evalueringsraamwerk, waarna dit in vraelyste wat via e-pos en LinkedIn onder SHERQ-bestuurders in Durban versprei is, uiteengesit is. Van die 62 vraelyste wat versprei is, het 42 deelnemers geantwoord. Die perspektiewe van die respondente is beoordeel deur middel van SPSS se identifisering van die belangrikste risiko’s en geleenthede. Doelwit 1 is bereik deur middel van die literatuuroorsig waarin ISO 14001-implementeringsrisiko’s en -geleenthede geïdentifiseer is. Doelwit 2 is bereik deur die evalueringsraamwerk te genereer wat implementeringsrisiko’s en -geleenthede geassimileer het. Doelwit 3 is bereik deur die antwoorde van respondente op ISO 14001:2015 implementeringsrisiko’s en -geleenthede te ontleed. Studieresultate het getoon dat, in ooreenstemming met internasionale verslae, 57,2% van alle respondente dit eens was dat die onderhoudskoste van die nakoming van die standaard hoog is en dat 76,2% van die respondente die perspektief gedeel het dat bronne van die maatskappy beter bestuur word. Respondente het meer met positiewe stellings saamgestem, wat daarop dui dat geleenthede swaarder weeg as die risiko’s. Ten spyte van die risiko’s, is daar ook vanuit ʼn bedryfsperspektief geleenthede, soos verhoogde beleggersinsette en verbeterde hulpbronbestuur. ʼn Opvolgstudie word aanbeveel om ISO 14001-implementeringsrisiko’s en geleenthede en die beleggingsimpak daarvan aan te spreek. Vanuit ʼn akademiese oogpunt het veelvuldige studies aangevoer dat die implementering van ISO 14001:2015 verbeterde finansiële uitkomste tot gevolg het, maar dat dit met hoë implementeringskoste gepaard gaan, en dit word aanbeveel dat ʼn kritieke koste-versus-wins-analise in die implementering van ISO 14001:2015 in die Durban-streek onderneem word.
Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
39
Rowe, Kelley. "Bottlenecks and constraints within the local labour market for engineers in the petrochemical industry sector : a case study of Engen Refinery, Wentworth." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1752.
Full textAbstract:
This research investigates the specific labour market dynamics that underline the
shortage of engineers in the Petrochemical Industry in South Africa. The central
argument of this dissertation is that an understanding of a skills shortage requires a
distinct knowledge of the internal and external nature of each labour market in which
the shortage is being experienced. This dissertation develops a critique of the neoclassical
perspective which dominates current analysis of skill shortages. While it is
important to understand the external labour market, it is equally important to consider
the internal labour market to better identify and understand the specific dynamics that
underline a skills shortage in an organisation and industry.
Using Engen Refinery as a case study, this dissertation focuses on an in depth
examination of the experiences of engineers working at the Refinery. The findings
reveal that the dynamics that underline the skill shortage of engineers in the
Petrochemical Industry in the South African context are manifold. Skill shortages are
a consequence of dynamics in both the external and internal labour market; these I
argue are interrelated.Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.