Academic literature on the topic 'Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana'
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Journal articles on the topic "Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana"
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McCaig, Brian, and Margaret S. McMillan. "Trade Liberalisation and Labour Market Adjustment in Botswana." Journal of African Economies 29, no. 3 (December 10, 2019): 236–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jafeco/ejz027.
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Abstract We study the effects of domestic trade liberalisation on labour markets in Botswana. South Africa is the dominant member of the Southern Africa Customs Union. As such, when South Africa liberalised trade in the 1990s, this induced large and plausibly exogenous tariff reductions for the other customs union members, including Botswana. Using labour force surveys from Botswana spanning a decade, we find that trade liberalisation did not affect the relative size of industries in terms of employment. However, trade liberalisation had effects within industries. We find an increase in the prevalence of working in an informal firm and self-employment, but mixed evidence of effects on unemployment. Hours worked decreased in response to trade liberalisation, partially driven by the movement of workers to informal firms. Despite large increases in aggregate income, trade liberalisation is associated with a reduction in monthly income, but the results are imprecise. Our results also suggest that a positive export demand shock, the 2000 African Growth and Opportunities Act, is associated with a reduction in employment in informal firms in the clothing industry.
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Moss, Diana L. "The Petroleum Industry, Merger Enforcement, and the Federal Trade Commission." Antitrust Bulletin 53, no. 1 (March 2008): 203–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x0805300112.
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Jan�en, Onno, and H. Thomas Feuerhelm. "Measurement uncertainty and trade: an example from the petroleum industry." Accreditation and Quality Assurance 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00769-003-0687-8.
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Rykunova, T. "Trade and investment opportunities in the petroleum industry of Russia." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 31, no. 3 (March 1995): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00723924.
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Hartwell, John. "2009 Release of offshore petroleum exploration acreage." APPEA Journal 49, no. 1 (2009): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08030.
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John Hartwell is Head of the Resources Division in the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism, Canberra Australia. The Resources Division provides advice to the Australian Government on policy issues, legislative changes and administrative matters related to the petroleum industry, upstream and downstream and the coal and minerals industries. In addition to his divisional responsibilities, he is the Australian Commissioner for the Australia/East Timor Joint Petroleum Development Area and Chairman of the National Oil and Gas Safety Advisory Committee. He also chairs two of the taskforces, Clean Fossil Energy and Aluminium, under the Asia Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate (AP6). He serves on two industry and government leadership groups delivering reports to the Australian Government, strategies for the oil and gas industry and framework for the uranium industry. More recently he led a team charged with responsibility for taking forward the Australian Government’s proposal to establish a global carbon capture and storage institute. He is involved in the implementation of a range of resource related initiatives under the Government’s Industry Action Agenda process, including mining and technology services, minerals exploration and light metals. Previously he served as Deputy Chairman of the Snowy Mountains Council and the Commonwealth representative to the Natural Gas Pipelines Advisory Committee. He has occupied a wide range of positions in the Australian Government dealing with trade, commodity, and energy and resource issues. He has worked in Treasury, the Department of Trade, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Department of Primary Industries and Energy before the Department of Industry, Science and Resources. From 1992–96 he was a Minister Counsellor in the Australian Embassy, Washington, with responsibility for agriculture and resource issues and also served in the Australian High Commission, London (1981–84) as the Counsellor/senior trade relations officer. He holds a MComm in economics, and Honours in economics from the University of New South Wales, Australia. Prior to joining the Australian Government, worked as a bank economist. He was awarded a public service medal in 2005 for his work on resources issues for the Australian Government.
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Huang, Xin, and Nan Jun Lai. "WTO Accession Brings Opportunities, Challenges to CNOOC and Corresponding Countermeasures." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1492.
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China join in WTO means that China petroleum industry will be integrated into economic globalization also means that China petroleum industry will have a direct impact by market competition. As being Chinese’s largest offshore oil and gas producer, China National Offshore Oil Corporation must take active measures to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by joining the World Trade Organization.
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Shaallan, Dr Hisham Yas. "Economic Feasibility Study for Petroleum Projects (Practical Aspects)." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 3, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v3i1.62.
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An increasing importance is given to the Economic Feasibility Study of Petroleum Projects. The reason behind that is the critical role played by the Petroleum Industry in Society, Economy and Foreign Trade. In general, Petroleum Industry is involved with the Exploitation of Oil and Gas Resources to satisfy the country's needs (households and industrial sectors) and to export these resources, in order to, gain foreign currencies which are necessary for
funding the country's social and economic requirements. Petroleum Projects have diversity features in terms of location, size, capital, technology and risks. On the Other hand, because of the importance of the Petroleum Industry, high significance should be given to the Economic Feasibility Study, especially the necessary of good knowledge of the nature of Petroleum Activities, Projects and Contracts, as well as the fundamentals of Advanced Feasibility Study.
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Yazdani, Mehdi, and Hamed Pirpour. "Evaluating the effect of intra-industry trade on the bilateral trade productivity for petroleum products of Iran." Energy Economics 86 (February 2020): 103933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.03.003.
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Trotman, Paul. "2021 Offshore petroleum exploration acreage release." APPEA Journal 61, no. 2 (2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj20191.
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In 2020, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade saw a modest increase of 1%, which is in contrast to the strong growth of previous years. Recently, the global LNG trade has picked up following the easing of impacts from the pandemic and demand growth in Asia. An increase of 6% in the global LNG trade is expected in 2021 and 2022. Domestic demand for gas remains high, with gas being used both for residential supply and also as an essential feedstock for the manufacturing industry. With a projected domestic gas shortfall, the future exploration and development of oil and gas will play a key role in ensuring access to secure, reliable and affordable energy in the future as well as assisting economic recovery from the pandemic. The importance of remaining an attractive investment destination is essential. Our challenge is to not only strike the balance of being agile and adaptive to market disruptions but also provide robust policy and regulatory frameworks to underpin future investment in the sector. Against this backdrop, this paper provides details of the 2021 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release and information about the ongoing policy work of the department.
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Chen, Si-Yuan, Qi Zhang, Benjamin Mclellan, and Tian-Tian Zhang. "Review on the petroleum market in China: history, challenges and prospects." Petroleum Science 17, no. 6 (August 30, 2020): 1779–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00501-6.
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AbstractThe petroleum industry plays an essential role in driving China’s economic development. In the past few decades, several reforms in the petroleum industry have been implemented; however, there are still some issues that have not been resolved. Moreover, with the new-normal economy, the transition to green energy and international trade disputes, the petroleum market is also facing emerging challenges. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to review the historical development of China’s petroleum market, identify the current challenges and propose corresponding countermeasures for future prospects. As a conclusion, five main challenges are highlighted totally, namely lack of marketization, excess oil refining capacity, high external dependency, environment pollution and unstable international trading relationship. To address these challenges, it is encouraged to deepen petroleum market reform, accelerate the elimination of inefficient refining capacity, diversify oil supply sources, as well as improve domestic petroleum enterprises’ ability to resist price risks.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana"
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Mokabiri, Goabaone. "Customer loyalty towards brands within Botswana's petroleum industry." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/994.
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Thesis (MTech(Business Administration)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009.The retail and distribution industry in Botswana's deregulated economy is one of the largest and most difficult sectors in which to operate, mainly because of levels of competition amongst Botswana companies and the global competitive industry, in general. Hill (2000:539) postulates that competition in free market economies generally tends to be tense depending on differences between distribution systems such as retail concentration, channel length and channel exclusivity. At the same time the retail industry grapples with other complex social and structural problems as they face ever increasing marketing problems that relate to attracting and maintaining customers (Luh, 2006:1). In view of the intense competition, it is more expensive to obtain a new customer than to retain and maintain an existing customer. Consequently, retailers should develop competitive and sustainable ways to maintain the customers that they have and should develop strategies to retain any new customers that the business acquires (Naylor and Frank, 2000:37). Botswana practices a free market and a heavily deregulated economy, which causes an increase in competition (Luh, 2006:1) and creates greater expectations from customers in pursuit of satisfaction and value (Peter and Donnelly, 2007:179) for their money. In Botswana, petrol and diesel prices are regulated by government, there is therefore no competition between the rivals based on prices. The competition landscape therefore shifts to amongst others, namely; service provision, location of the petrol station, and fuel brand in general. Petrol and diesel retail outlets should focus on areas of operations that will give them a sustainable competitive advantage over their competitors without altering the price of products. Mehta, Lalwani and Li Han (2000:21) posit that increased competition between retail businesses forces rivals to focus on good customer service as the only critical factor in the operation of their business (Zairi, 2000: 332). Customer loyalty is therefore, the most effective way to keep customers and to maintain profitability through repeated purchases (Luh, 2006:2). Loyalty is used to describe the behaviour of repeat customers, their ratings of the business, positive testimonials, and business from existing customers, as well as overall perception, about the business from the existing customers. The study focuses on the petroleum industry in an environment where there are several competitors, relative .to the size of the country, offering goods and services that are close substitutes. The industry in Botswana is characterised by five competitors that offer heavily substitutable products (BP Report, 2006:1-4). These rivals are BP, Shell, Caltex, Engen and Total.
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Mfosi, Sandy Dos Mareko. "Petroleum products supply dynamics and challenges in the Botswana market." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21785.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.Petroleum fuels energy supply and its availability is an essential precondition for socio-economic development in any economy. Energy is required in meeting the basic human needs such as food, shelter, health, education and for economic activities such as transport, agriculture and mining. Botswana’s energy consumption is dominated by petroleum fuels. The country has no known petroleum reserves and it has to import all its petroleum requirements in refined form, from the neighbouring South Africa. The study focuses on the challenges of security of supply of petroleum products in Botswana. What is at stake is to identify alternative supply sources and routes of petroleum products to Botswana, thus reducing the risk of wholly dependence on South Africa for the supply. A major goal is to develop alternative sources and routes from neighbouring countries. This can be achieved by the Botswana Government taking advantage of regional cooperation with neighbouring countries. The study explores other approaches to reduce the high dependence on South Africa. One of the possible solutions is for Botswana Government to establish a state owned oil company which could play a catalytic role in the implementation of many of the steps considered in this study. This company could, for example, be charged with crude oil exploration in Botswana and with steps to assist locally owned Botswana companies to establish themselves in the marketing and distribution of petroleum. Much will, however, depend on the resources that can be mobilised by the Botswana Government for such a State Oil Company. The study is based on secondary data obtained mainly from the Division of Energy in the Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources. Feasibility studies conducted by consultants engaged by the Ministry played an important role in the literature underlying this report.
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Williamson, Paul E. "Managing technical advice for regulation : the case of petroleum exploration and production /." Canberra : University of Canberra, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20070820.123307/index.html.
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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Canberra, 2007.Thesis submitted to fulfil the requirements of the unit of Masters Thesis in Administration, and complete the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Administration, University of Canberra, July 2007. Bibliography: leaves 177-205.
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Kellison, James Bruce. "Siberian crude : the political economy of the Russian oil sector, 1970-1998 /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Tait, Hennie Leon. "Adapting retail business models for the petroleum industry." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1110.
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Deregulation as an open market system is likely to be implemented in the Petroleum industry of South Africa. To secure the success of the retail petroleum industry by means of business and job opportunities one has to investigate the current evolution of the industry and what factors will have a measurable impact on the retail petroleum industry.
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Chapman, James Lawson. "The modern great game in Central Asia oil, terrorism, and human rights /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2006. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12152006-214828/.
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Nimpongsak, Rachadapon. "Thai petroleum concession contract proposal for revision /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until March 27, 2014, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25981.
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Venugopal, Sajith Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The economics of petroleum exploration and development in India." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Petroleum Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23410.
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This thesis provides the background to and an analysis of the economics of exploring for and developing oil and gas discoveries in India. It is aimed at helping the oil and gas industry assess the financial attractiveness of investment in that country. The thesis describes the geography, climate, infrastructure, and energy market with an emphasis on how these affect upstream oil and gas industry investment. A detailed description and analysis is given of the petroleum production sharing contract ("PSC") terms embodied in India's New Exploration Licensing Policy ("NELP"), and demonstrates that, depending on negotiations, Government Take under NELP terms is likely to be in the range 50% to 60% for a stand-alone petroleum development. However, PSC terms are regressive for marginal discoveries. In particular, State royalties might hinder the development of small or marginal discoveries and render them uneconomic. As an illustration, depending on the oil price, up to 6 MMbbls of oil in otherwise economically viable small fields in a geological basin might be made uneconomic and left stranded because of the effect of royalties. The thesis also analyses the economics of developing a sample of actual Indian oil and gas fields offshore the east and west coasts of the country in shallow and deep water. Onshore field developments are not analysed because of lack of data. All of the offshore developments analysed are profitable based on past and current economic conditions and knowledge. The majority are also relatively low-risk investments. Finally, the thesis evaluates the profitability of new oil and gas exploration and development offshore the east and west coasts of India. The required minimum size of new exploration prospects are in the range 10 to 17 MMbbls for oil prospects and 138 to 1,100 Bcf for gas prospects assuming a low probability of success. Once a new discovery is made, the required minimum economically developable reserves are 4 to 12 MMbbls for oil discoveries and 63 to 1,400 Bcf for gas discoveries.
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Smith, Benjamin B. "Hard times in the land of plenty : oil wealth and opposition in late developing states /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10789.
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Kazemi, Yasaman. "Modeling Petroleum Supply Chain: Multimodal Transportation, Disruptions and Mitigation Strategies." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25830.
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The petroleum industry has one of the most complex supply chains in the world. A unique characteristic of Petroleum Supply Chain (PSC) is the high degree of uncertainty which propagates through the network. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quantitative models aiming at optimizing the network and managing logistics operations.
This work proposes a deterministic Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) model for downstream PSC to determine the optimal distribution center (DC) locations, capacities, transportation modes, and transfer volumes. Three products are considered in this study: gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The model minimizes multi-echelon multi-product cost along the refineries, distribution centers, transportation modes and demand nodes. The relationship between strategic planning and multimodal transportation is further elucidated.
Furthermore, this work proposes a two stage Stochastic Mixed Integer Linear Program (SMILP) models with recourse for PSC under the risk of random disruptions, and a two stage Stochastic Linear Program (SLP) model with recourse under the risk of anticipated disruptions, namely hurricanes. Two separate types of mitigation strategies ? proactive and reactive ? are proposed in each model based on the type of disruption. The SMILP model determines optimal DC locations and capacities in the first stage and utilizes multimode transportation as the reactive mitigation strategy in the second stage to allocate transfer volumes. The SLP model uses proactive mitigation strategies in the first stage and employs multimode transportation as the reactive mitigation strategy. The goal of both stochastic models is to minimize the expected total supply chain costs under uncertainty.
The proposed models are tested with real data from two sections of the U.S. petroleum industry, PADD 3 and PADD 1, and transportation networks within Geographic Information System (GIS). It involves supply at the existing refineries, proposed DCs and demand nodes. GIS is used to analyze spatial data and to map refineries, DCs and demand nodes to visualize the process.
Sensitivity analysis is conducted to asses supply chain performance in response to changes in key parameters of proposed models to provide insights on PSC decisions, and to demonstrate the impact of key parameters on PSC decisions and total cost.Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute (UGPTI)
Mountain Plains Consortium (MPC)
Books on the topic "Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana"
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Abi-Aad, Naji. Kuwait Petroleum Corporation. New York, NY: Energy Intelligence Group, 1999.
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Local Enterprise Authority (Botswana). Research and Development Division, ed. Situational analysis of the leather industry in Botswana. Gaborone, Botswana: Local Enterprise Authority, 2011.
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Blomström, Magnus. Are diamonds forever?: Botswana facing the 1990s. Stockholm, Sweden: Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 1990.
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AAPG Convention (1989 Palm Springs, Calif.). Environmental concerns in the petroleum industry. [Bakersfield, Calif.]: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section, 1989.
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Berman, Matthew D. Petroleum sector report. [Juneau]: Alaska Dept. of Commerce and Economic Development, Division of Business Development, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana"
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"Preface by Ministry of Trade and Industry, Government of Botswana." In OECD Investment Policy Reviews, 9–10. OECD, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264203365-2-en.
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Mosweu, Olefhile. "Managing Change in Electronic Document and Records Management System Implementation at the Ministry of Investment, Trade, and Industry in Botswana." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 18–48. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2527-2.ch002.
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Electronic document and records management systems (EDRMS) have been implemented in organisations in order to, among others, improve delivery of services. Implementation alters work processes, and if the change is not properly managed, intended deployment benefits are not realised. The Ministry of Investment, Trade, and Industry (MITI) implemented the Document Workflow Management System (DWMS), an EDRMS, to improve service delivery through a technology-enhanced records management system. Implementation faced user resistance. Using documentary reviews and interviews to collect data, this chapter describes the change management activities instituted to promote adoption and use of DWMS. Data collected from purposively selected action officers and records officers was analysed thematically. The study found that the poor management of change brought by DWMS led to resistance to adopt and use the system.
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Olefhile, Mosweu, Mutshewa Athulang, and Kelvin Joseph Bwalya. "Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) Implementation in a Developing World Context." In Technology Adoption and Social Issues, 389–407. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5201-7.ch018.
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This chapter presents a case study of back-end information system implementation geared towards encouraging e-Government development in Botswana. The case is an in depth analysis of the implementation of the Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) at the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI). The focus of this chapter is two-fold: 1) it highlights the factors that influence the adoption and usage of EDRMS by Action Officers and Records Officers at MTI and correspondingly outline EDRMS' facilitatation of information access in the realm of e-Government; and 2) aims to understand the initiatives that have been implemented to facilitate robust e-Government development in the public sector of Botswana. This chapter culminates from a pilot that was done prior to an on-going study hinged on unison objectives. The indicative list of factors explaining the adoption of EDRMS might explain the global perception of ICTs in the public sector in Botswana. The limitation of the study is that its sample space may not be representative of the actual situation in Botswana's public sector given the heterogeneity in different line ministries and departments. Therefore, the results from this study might not guarantee statistical generalizations. The chapter is hinged on extensive literature reviews compounded by anecdotal evidence. This focus is novel because it aims to understand adoption and usage of ICT platforms by employees. Other research endeavours have probed citizens' and businesses' adoption of ICTs before considering institutional and employees' readiness hence investigating macro factors influencing technology adoption.
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Olefhile, Mosweu, Mutshewa Athulang, and Kelvin Joseph Bwalya. "Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) Implementation in a Developing World Context." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 235–52. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5868-4.ch015.
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This chapter presents a case study of back-end information system implementation geared towards encouraging e-Government development in Botswana. The case is an in depth analysis of the implementation of the Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) at the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI). The focus of this chapter is two-fold: 1) it highlights the factors that influence the adoption and usage of EDRMS by Action Officers and Records Officers at MTI and correspondingly outline EDRMS' facilitatation of information access in the realm of e-Government; and 2) aims to understand the initiatives that have been implemented to facilitate robust e-Government development in the public sector of Botswana. This chapter culminates from a pilot that was done prior to an on-going study hinged on unison objectives. The indicative list of factors explaining the adoption of EDRMS might explain the global perception of ICTs in the public sector in Botswana. The limitation of the study is that its sample space may not be representative of the actual situation in Botswana's public sector given the heterogeneity in different line ministries and departments. Therefore, the results from this study might not guarantee statistical generalizations. The chapter is hinged on extensive literature reviews compounded by anecdotal evidence. This focus is novel because it aims to understand adoption and usage of ICT platforms by employees. Other research endeavours have probed citizens' and businesses' adoption of ICTs before considering institutional and employees' readiness hence investigating macro factors influencing technology adoption.
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Bağcı, Haşim, and Ceyda Yerdelen Kaygın. "Financial Performance Analysis of Companies Registered on BIST Corporate Governance Index." In Corporate Governance and Its Implications on Accounting and Finance, 121–42. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4852-3.ch006.
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The aim of this study is to measure the 2018 financial performance of 49 businesses that are registered in the Istanbul Stock Exchange Corporate Governance Index. Therefore, the financial performances of 49 businesses were compared to the ROA, ROE, ROS, and MV performance indicators that were determined for the measurement of financial performance. For comparison, first, the significance levels of the indicators were determined by the AHP method, and MV was determined to be the most important indicator. The PROMETHEE method was used to be able to financially compare the businesses, and Tüpraş Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.Ş. (Tüpraş Turkey Petroleum Refineries Inc.) was the most successful corporate governance business within the specified time period. The least successful business is Pınar Su ve İçecek Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. (Pınar Water and Drink Industry and Trade Inc).
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Araújo, Kathleen. "Brazilian Biofuels: Distilling Solutions." In Low Carbon Energy Transitions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199362554.003.0009.
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Worldwide, transportation accounts for roughly a quarter of the total final energy demand and a similar share of energy-based carbon dioxide emissions (IEA, 2016f). The transport sector has the most homogenous of fuel mixes, with petroleum-based products accounting for roughly 95% of the overall final share (Kahn Ribeiro et al., 2012). Biofuels and other options, like electric vehicles, have the potential to displace a notable portion of petroleum and CO2 emissions in the transport sector. Global use of ethanol, the most widely used among biofuels, has grown significantly in recent years. Between 2000 and 2010 alone, ethanol utilization increased 350% worldwide, with trade increasing by a factor of 5 and usage equaling 74 billion liters in 2010 (Valdes, 2011). This chapter examines the underlying roots of the biofuels transition in Brazil. Two micro-shifts—one that is government- led and a second that is industry-led—are evaluated, demonstrating how a new, energy market and industry can develop at a national scale through the retooling of existing industries and infrastructure. Insights on policy inflections, market longevity, and dual-use technology are also covered. Brazil is the historical leader in biofuels and the only country to substantially alter its automotive fuel mix with ethanol, shifting from 1% in 1970 to 34% in 2014 (see the section entitled “Modern Transition” later in this chapter). Ranked sixth globally for its population of roughly 206 million people and eighth for its economy of $3.1 trillion in mid-2016 (CIA, n.d.), Brazil has been a leading pioneer in the production and export of ethanol, its principal biofuel. In 2015, Brazilian ethanol equaled 28% of the global supply (Renewable Fuel Association [RFA], 2016). The country is known for having the lowest production costs of ethanol (Goldemberg, 2008; Shapouri, and Salassi, 2006; Valor International, 2014). Brazil also has a unique distribution network of more than 35,000 fuel stations supplying the renewable fuel (Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, 2008).
Conference papers on the topic "Petroleum industry and trade – Botswana"
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Winarski, Tyson, and Tuan Ahn Nguyen. "Protecting Proprietary Software in the Petroleum Industry." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/comp-29061.
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The development, management, and exploitation of Intellectual Property is critical to the health and prosperity of the Petroleum Industry. This paper provides a summary of how Petroleum companies can protect their proprietary software. Specifically, this paper will address the risks and benefits associated with protecting proprietary software through copyrights, patents, or trade secrets. With this background, the paper will address how Petroleum Companies can optimally develop, manage, and exploit their Intellectual Property to maximize industry production, efficiency, and profitability.
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Parekh, Harsukh, and Vipin Chandra Sati. "Pipelines Industry in India: Recent Developments and Future Requirements." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27019.
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The consumption of petroleum products in India has been growing at a high rate. In order to meet the growing demand for petroleum, additional refining capacity is planned to be created involving augmentation of some of the existing refineries and construction of new refineries. While the refineries will be in a position to meet the demand of petroleum products, the critical and vital issue will be to supply crude oil to the refineries and to reach the products to various consumption centers in an efficient, reliable and cost effective manner. In addition to the liquid petroleum, Natural Gas is emerging as the major source of energy/feedstock. Infrastructure for storage and transportation of Natural Gas are also required to be set up in a big way to meet the projected demand. This can best be done by constructing new pipelines which are recognized worldwide as the most reliable and cost effective mode of transportation of oil and gas. In addition to the requirement for new pipelines, there is a need for upgradation of technology in the existing cross-country pipelines, many of which are more than 20 years old. Moreover, Indian Government has, as part of the process of liberalisation of the economy through a series of measures focused on the infrastructural developments, technology upgradation, trade policies and financial reforms, has opened the core sector of Petroleum to private investment. Thus, considerable scope exists not only for consultants, equipment and material manufacturers/suppliers and contractors for providing their services but also for making investments in the Indian pipeline industry. This paper describes the prospects/opportunities in the Indian pipeline industry.
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Nakazawa, Norio, Hiroshi Ogita, Masayuki Takahashi, and Yoshihiro Kawaguchi. "Development in the Full Assembly Test Rig of the 100kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-210.
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“Development of 100kW Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT)” is a seven-year program started in fiscal 1990. Subsidized by the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, this program is being carried forward by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC) and is aimed at the following goals; - Maximum Output Power: 100kW - Maximum Thermal Efficiency: 40% [Turbine Inlet Gas Temperature (TIT): 1350°C] - Emission Characteristics: Conformity to regulations for gasoline-fueled passenger cars.
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Burr, Alexa S., S. David Toth, and Colin M. Frazier. "API RP 1173 Pipeline SMS Third-Party Assessment Program: A Key Industry Tool for Evaluating and Supporting Implementation of Pipeline Safety Management Systems." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9370.
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Abstract Since the publication of API Recommended Practice (RP) 1173: Pipeline Safety Management Systems, in July 2015, the energy pipeline trade groups in North America (American Petroleum Institute, Association of Oil Pipelines, American Gas Association, Interstate Natural Gas Association of America, and the American Public Gas Association) have worked collaboratively to develop tools and programs to assist energy pipeline operators with the development and implementation of Pipeline Safety Management System (Pipeline SMS) programs and processes. These resources include a Planning Tool, Implementation Tool and Evaluation Tool, as well as an industry-developed Maturity Model that describes a continuum of implementation levels, based on conformance to RP 1173 as well as implementation effectiveness. These resources can be found online and are supplemented by the Pipeline SMS Third-Party Assessment Program developed by API. Applying API’s experiences with successful safety programs in other segments and with significant contributions from the Pipeline SMS Implementation Team (aforementioned trade groups and various industry operators), the Pipeline SMS Third-Party Assessment Program is designed to be a key tool to facilitate Pipeline SMS implementation and to share and benchmark information to drive improvements in safety performance. The assessments also provide the pipeline industry with an objective, third-party option to test their systems and address the conformity auditing (API RP 1173, Section 10.2.2) and performance and maturity evaluation (API RP 1173, Section 10.2.3 to 10.2.5) requirements of the recommended practice. In 2019, pilot assessments were conducted and in 2020 the Assessment Program is being implemented. Through the piloting process, significant insights were gained into the practical application of the industry Maturity Model and how the assessments can contribute to an operator’s journey improving safety performance. Aligning with the flexibility and scalability goals of RP 1173, the pilot experiences included liquids transmission and gas distribution operators with varying approaches to pipeline SMS implementation. We will discuss the lessons learned through the piloting process and how the plan-do-check-act cycle was applied to improve the processes for planning, staffing and conducting the assessments to ensure that value is being provided to the pipeline industry. An independent assessment through the API Pipeline SMS Third-Party Assessment Program can validate internal efforts to increase maturity of programs, as well as provide operators with benchmarking data so that they can understand where other operators are in their maturity journey.
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Rijkure, Astrida. "LNG Terminal Development Facilities in Latvia Basing on the Experience of Other States." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cbme.2017.009.
Full textAbstract:
Liquefaction of natural gas provides great opportunities for its trade and transportation, making it cost-effective and accessible to places where installing pipelines is impossible or economically unjustified. Liquefied natural gas also opens opportunities for market diversification, if the region is tied to one supplier, as it is in Latvia, with potential positive effects on both the market price and the region's energy security. In view of the growing LNG trade and transport industry, the article studies the possibility to import natural gas in liquefied form. Neither Latvia or Estonia has largescale facilities to import natural gas in liquefied form. The only natural gas sources are natural gas imported from Russia through piping. Latvia and Estonia can import and store liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is the drained by-product of natural gas extraction and liquefaction process, ethane and butane. Lithuania has the only LNG import terminal in the Baltic countries. The aim of the study is to understand the feasibility and validity of constructing a LNG terminal in Latvian territory based on the Lithuanian experience
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Ayala, Luis F., Eltohami S. Eltohami, and Michael A. Adewumi. "Avoiding Pitfalls in Multiphase Thermo-Hydrodynamic Coupling." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/prod-29120.
Full textAbstract:
Multiphase flow is prevalent in many industrial processes. Therefore, accurate and efficient modeling of multiphase flow is essential to the understanding of these processes as well as the development of technologies to handle and manage them. In the petroleum industry, the occurrence and consequence thereof associated with such hydrodynamic processes are encountered in offshore facilities, surface facilities as well as reservoir applications. In this paper, we consider the modeling of these processes with special consideration to the transport of petroleum products through pipelines. Multiphase hydrodynamic modeling is usually a trade-off between maximizing the accuracy level while minimizing the computational time required. The most fundamental modeling effort developed to achieve this goal is based on applying simplifications to the basic physical laws, as defined by continuum mechanics, governing these processes. However, the modeling of multiphase flow processes requires the coupling of these basic laws with a thermodynamic phase behavior model. This paper highlights the impact of the techniques used to computationally couple the system’s thermodynamics with its fluid mechanics while paying close attention to the trade off mentioned above. It will consider the consequences of the simplifications applied, as well as inherent deficiencies associated with such simplifications. Special consideration is given to the conservation of mass as well as the terms that govern its transfer between the phases. Furthermore, the implications related to the common simplification of isothermal conditions are studied, highlighting the loss of accuracy in the material balance associated with this computational time-saving assumption. This paper concludes by suggesting remedies to these problems, supported by results, showing considerable improvement in fulfilling both the basic constrains which are minimizing time and maximizing accuracy.
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Masanobu, Sotaro, Shunji Kato, Arata Nakamura, Takashi Sakamoto, Toshio Yoshikawa, Atsushi Sakamoto, Hideo Uetani, Kenichi Kawazuishi, and Kunihisa Sao. "Development of Natural Gas Liquefaction FPSO." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51382.
Full textAbstract:
Natural gas is abundant and is cleaner than petroleum. Therefore, demand for natural gas is expected to grow significantly. However, the means of transporting natural gas is presently limited to pipelines and LNG tankers, thereby making its wider use unlikely. There are substantial numbers of known gas reservoirs that are difficult to develop utilizing current transportation means because of constraints such as the scale of gas fields, water depth, distance to shore, and distance from markets. A new, economical, reliable development technique or transportation means is required for developing such gas reservoirs. Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan National Oil Corporation (JNOC) and private corporations have jointly investigated the Natural Gas Liquefaction Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (NGL-FPSOs) units to effectively develop gas reservoirs by converting the gas into NGL. This paper presents the background on NGL-FPSO development and findings on its application.
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Korkmaz, Mahmut Olcay, Caner Gu¨ney, and Rahmi Nurhan C¸elik. "Positioning of the Offshore Platform." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49436.
Full textAbstract:
In the scope of this study, it is targeted to develop a tool, equipment and a web-based software system that provides integration of positioning systems and prevents production of erroneous or inadequate real-time/DGNSS positioning data in order to navigate a petroleum platform while it transports between two locations and to track it dynamically where they are precisely positioned. Moreover with the support of web-based implementation of the system designed will provide online remotely monitoring availability for the moving platform activities in offshore. Eventually, it is intended to achieve utilizing spatial informatics technologies like geoimagery, geospatial information system, etc. in the exploration and production of hydrocarbon reserves. This work has been conducted within the project “Integration of Positioning Systems for Positioning and Tracking Offshore Platforms”, funded by the Turkish Republic Ministry of Industry and Trade under contract number 00369.STZ.2009-1, which is started at 01/07/2009 and finalized at 31/01/2011.
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Itoh, Takane, and Hidetomo Kimura. "Status of the Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine Development Program." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-002.
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The seven-year program, designated “Research and Development of Automotive CGT” commenced in June 1990 with the object of demonstrating the potential advantages of ceramic gas turbine engines for automotive use. This program has been being conducted by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC) with the support of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. The engine demonstration project in this program is being handled by a team from the Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc., (JARi). This paper describes the activities of the first year of the seven-year program, and includes the project goals and objectives, the program schedule, and the first-stage design of an experimental automotive ceramic gas turbine (CGT) engine and its components. The basic engine is a 100kW, single-shaft gas turbine engine having a turbine inlet temperature of 1350°C and a rotor speed of 110,000 rpm. The primary engine components including the turbine hot flow path components have been designed using monolithic ceramics and are scheduled to be produced during the second year of the program.
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Adams, Daniel, and Marie Law Adams. "Resource Industries in the Post-Industrial City." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.43.
Full textAbstract:
Resource industries are present in the post-industrial city in a mutable state, as the goods of global trade pass through as interim piles (salt, sand, and gravel), in holding tanks (petroleum), and silos (cement). The flow of resources is fundamental to urban life and shapes the urban landscape, yet engagement with this mode of industry in the city has been largely outside the realm of the design disciplines. If Reyner Banham’s Los Angeles was made legible through the mediating lens of the windshield and the rear-view mirror, then the constructed landscapes of primary resources in today’s post-industrial city are only understandable through the windshield of the front-end loader that acts as the mediator between global networks and local distribution. The material terminals that these loaders serve are not classified by permanent structures, but rather by the through put dictated by the demands of the city. This dynamic relationship of primary industry to the contemporary city is better understood through the relational terms of ecology than formal conventions of architecture. As such, the environments created by the flows of primary industry to urban centers require new modes of engagement from designers. The current architectures of such resource industries in cities- containers, sheds, fences – result from practices of use-based zoning, homeland security, and offsite mitigation, but such static structures fail to engage the dynamic dimensions of a fluid industry. In order to create a new framework, this paper analyzes the spatial and programmatic opportunities that result from re-conceiving these three regulatory conventions through an analysis of a realized project with a global marine terminal in Boston Harbor.