Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Petrology; Mineral chemistry'

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Gamsberg Zn-Pb deposit is a metamorphosed and multiply deformed sediment-hosted base metal deposit in the central Namaqua Province of South Africa. The deposit is hosted by the Bushmanland Group, a late Palaeoproterozoic (2000-1600 Ma) supracrustal succession of quartzite, metapelitic schist and interbedded metavolcanic rocks. Mineralisation occurs within the central part of the Gams Formation, a heterogeneous sequence of metamorphosed metalliferous sediments and fine-grained organic-rich shales. The ore horizon is subdivided into a lower unit of metapelite-hosted ore, an intermediate layer of phosphorite-hosted ore, and an upper unit of banded garnet-apatite ore. The ore body is enveloped by unmineralised silicate-, carbonate- and oxide-facies metalliferous rocks, which originally represented mixtures of Fe-Mn-rich hydrothermal precipitates, authigenic carbonate, and variable concentrations of detrital material. Based on mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, the metalliferous host rocks are subdivided into iron formations, coticules, Fe-Mn silicates, impure marbles and barite/Ba-rich quartzite. Minerals of the Gams Formation mostly represent solid solution between the Fe and Mn end-members of garnet, pyroxene, pyroxenoid, amphibole, olivine, spinel and ilmenite. Calcium-rich rock types are a typical feature and characterized by the occurrence of manganoan calcite, clinopyroxene, andradite-rich garnet and titanite. A successive increase in the (Mn+Ca):Fe value of rocks and minerals is evident with increasing distance from the ore horizon. Amphibole is restricted to Fe-rich ore-bearing assemblages, whereas orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, Fe-rich pyroxenoid and olivine are present in intermediate assemblages, and Mn-rich rhodonite and pyroxmangite in the most manganiferous assemblages. These variations are mimicked by an increase in the Mn:Fe value of coexisting garnet and ilmenite group minerals with increasing distance from ore. LA-ICP-MS analyses have been used to constrain the REE patterns of garnet and apatite. In the ore-body, these minerals display a positive Eu anomaly, which is interpreted to reflect a distinct hydrothermal signature. In contrast, garnet and apatite in unmineralised metalliferous rocks display nil or a negative Eu anomaly. Primary features of the Gams Formation, such as REE patterns, the banded nature of garnet-apatite ore, the presence of diagenetic apatite nodules, and the distribution of the redox-sensitive elements Ba and Mn have been used to constrain palaeo-environmental conditions. The results indicate that metapelitehosted ore has been deposited in a stratified ocean that was characterised by anoxic bottom waters and precipitation of Fe and Zn sulphides into organic matter-rich shales. These rocks were superceded by phosphorite-hosted ore, garnet-apatite ore and metalliferous host rocks that developed in a suboxic to oxic environment. The large size of the deposit, the internal lamination of the ores and the predominance of sphalerite and barite are consistent with a vent-distal setting and precipitation of the ore-forming constituents from dense and reduced hydrothermal fluids, which originated due to reactivation of dormant growth faults. Collectively, the geological evidence indicates that Gamsberg is bridging the gap betweenthe SEDEX and BHT classifications. The relationships demonstrate that differences between these two classes of sediment-hosted Zn-Pb deposits are predominantly related to environmental conditions within localised third order basins and not to fundamental differences in ore-forming processes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Gamsberg Zn-Pb afsetting is ‘n meerfasig vervormde en gemetamorfiseerde sedimentgesetelde onedel metaal afsetting in die sentrale Namakwa Provinsie van Suid Afrika. Die afsetting word geherberg deur die Boesmanland Groep, ‘n laat Paleoproterosoïse (2000 – 1600 Ma) bokors-opeenvolging van kwartsiet, metapelitiese skis en tussengelaagde metavulkaniese gesteente. Mineralisasie word gevind in the sentrale deel van die Gams Formasie. Die Gams Formasie is ‘n heterogene opeenvolging van gemetamorfiseerde metaalhoudende sediment en fynkorrelrige organiese skalie. Die erts horison word onderverdeel in ‘n onderste laag van metapeliet-gesetelde erts, n sentrale laag van fosforiet-gesetelde erts, en ‘n boonste laag van gebande granaat-apatiet erts. Die erts-liggaam word omhuls deur ongemineraliseerde silikaat-, karbonaat- en oksied-fasies metal-ryke rotse. Hierdie gesteentes word geinterpreteer as oorspronklike mengsels van Fe-Mn-ryke hidrotermale partikels, outigeniese karbonaat, en verskeie hoeveelhede detritale materiaal. Gebaseer op mineralogiese en geochemiese kenmerke word hierdie rotse onderverdeel in ysterformasies, „coticules“, Fe-Mn silikate, onsuiwer marmer en barite/Ba-ryke kwartsiet. Minerale van die Gams Formasie form meestal soliede oplossingsreekse tussen die Fe en Mn endlede van granaat, pirokseen, piroksenoid, amfibool, olivien, spinel en ilmeniet. Kalsium-ryke rots tipes is ‘n tipiese kenmerk van die Gams Formasie en word gekenmerk deur mangaan-ryke kalsiet, klinopirokseen, andradiet-ryke granaat en sfeen. Daar word ‘n stapsgewyse vergroting van die (Mn+Ca):Fe verhouding in gesteentes en minerale gevind met toeneemende afstand van die erts horison. Amfibool is beperk tot Fe-ryke ertsdraende gesteentes, ortopirokseen, klinopirokseen, Fe-ryke piroksenoid en olivien tot intermediêre gesteentes, en Mn-ryke rodoniet en piroksmangiet tot Mn-ryke gesteentes. Hierdie variasies gaan gepaard met vergroting van die Mn:Fe verhouding in granaat en ilmeniet-groep minerale met toeneemende afstand van die erts. LA-ICP-MS analises was gebruik om die skaars-aarde element patrone van granaat en apatiet te bepaal. In die erts-liggaam wys hierdie minerale ‘n positiewe Eu anomalie, wat geinterpreteerd word as ‘n hidrotermale kenmerk. In ongemineraliseerde gasheer gesteentes wys granaat en apatiet geen of ‘n negatiewe Eu anomalie. Primêre kenmerke van die Gams Formasie, soos skaars-aarde patrone, the gebande voorkoms van granaat-apatiet erts, die teenwoordigheid van diagenetiese apatiet knolle, en die verspreiding van die redox-sensitiewe elemente Ba en Mn, was gebruik om afleidings oor die paleo-omgewing te maak. Die resultate het gewys dat metapeliet-gesetelde erts afgeset was onder anoksiese bodem water deur presipitasie van Fe en Zn sulfiedes in organiese skalie. Hierdie erts gaan oor in fosforiet-gesetelde erts, granaat-apatiet erts en metaal-ryke gasheer gesteente wat in ‘n suboksiese tot oksiese omgewing ontstaan het. Die grootte van die afsetting, die interne gelaagdheid van die erts, asook die teenwoordigheid van sfaleriet en bariet dui op ‘n distale omgewing relatief tot die hidrotermale bron en presipitasie van die ertsuit digte en gereduseerde hidrotermale vloeistowwe, wat ontstaan het deur die heraktiveering van rustende groeiverskuiwings. Gesaamentlik bewys die geologiese kenmerke van Gamsberg dat gemetamorfiseerde SEDEX en Broken Hill-tipe mineralisasie binne die perke van ‘n enkele afsetting kan voorkom. Die geologiese verhoudings dui aan dat verskille tussen hierdie twee tipes van sedimentgesetelde afsettings meestal veroorsaak word deur omgewings-toestande binne in gelokaliseerde derde orde komme en nie deur fundamentele verskille in ertsvormende prosesse nie.

The aim of this study is to define mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of phlogopite-pargasite enriched ultramafic-mafic cumulate rocks from Kuranç
ali (Kirsehir) and their implications for petrology and regional geological setting. The Kuranç
ali rocks, found within an allochthonous sliver, are representative for the isolated members of the Central Anatolian Ophiolites, derived from closure of Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan branch of Alpine Neotethys. The rocks overthrust the Metamorphic Ophiolitic Mé
lange (the uppermost part of the Central Anatolian Metamorphics) and cut by felsic dykes of the Late Cretaceous Central Anatolian Granitoids. The Kuranç
ali rocks are unusually enriched in phlogopite and pargasite with varying crystal sizes. They are also composed of diopsidic augite, plagioclase, rutile, ilmenite, sphene, apatite and pyrite. The rocks are divided into six types
clinopyroxenite, clinopyroxenite-with-hydrous minerals-plagioclase, phlogopitite, hornblendite, layered gabbro and diorite. Evaluation of detailed EMP data from constituent minerals of different rock types showed that phlogopite with high Fe2+-Fe3+-Al[6]-Ti, diopsidic-augite with high Ca-Al(t)-Ti, Si-undersaturated pargasite with high Al[4]-K-Na-Ti-contents and intercumulus plagioclase with a wide range of composition (an%=40.61-98.58) display unusual compositions. Substitution mechanisms and elemental variations of the minerals suggest crystallization from hydrous metasomatized mantle, high water pressure and oxygen fugacities during formation of the Kuranç
ali rocks. Major oxide, trace and rare earth element abundances of the rock units were used to evaluate petrological characteristics. Chemical and tectonic discrimination diagrams, and parallel multi-element and REE patterns with highly enriched in LILE and LREE relative to HREE and HFSE show strong calc-alkaline affinity with slight alkaline features. Troughs at Nb-Ta and Ti characterize the rocks but these elements are slightly enriched than N-MORB. The rocks show high LREE/HREE ratios. Both unusual mineralogical and geochemical features of the rocks show that the rocks were generated in an arc environment. Moreover, they require a mantle wedge source strongly influenced by metasomatic components (fluid/melt) derived from subducting slab and/or OIB-like alkaline melt. Comparison of the rocks with tectonically well-defined rocks displays that they are generated in an intra-oceanic arc environment, but owe a comparison with fore-arc back-arc Central Anatolian Ophiolites within supra-subduction zone environment revealed that Kuranç
ali rocks are different and generated in an arc basement.

The Nebo-Babel Ni-Cu-platinum-group element (PGE) magmatic sulphide deposit, a world-class ore body, is hosted in low-MgO, tube-like (chonolithic) gabbronorite intrusion in the West Musgrave Block, Western Australia. The Nebo-Babel deposit is the first significant discovery of a nickel sulphide deposit associated with the ca. 1078 Ma Giles Complex, which is part of the Warakurna large igneous province (LIP), now making the Musgrave Block a prime target for nickel sulphide exploration. The Musgrave Block is a Mesoproterozoic, east-west trending, orogenic belt in central Australia consisting of amphibolite and granulite facies basement gneisses with predominantly igneous protoliths. The basement lithologies have been intruded by mafic-ultramafic and felsic rocks; multiply deformed and metamorphosed between 1600 Ma and 500 Ma. The Giles Complex, which is part of the Warakurna LIP, was emplaced at ca. 1078 Ma and consists of a suite of layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions, mafic and felsic dykes and temporally associated volcanic rocks and granites. The Giles Complex intrusions are interpreted to have crystallised at crustal depths between 15km and 30km and are generally undeformed and unmetamorphosed.

The aim of this study is to investigate the petrography, geochemistry and evolution of quartz-tourmaline-rich rocks occurring in a wide breccia zone within the Late Cretaceous Kerkenez Granitoid (Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC), Turkey). The approximately 40-m wide main breccia zone has a NE-SW trend and is characterized by intense cataclastic deformation. The breccia zone can be traced several kilometers towards the west and generally occurs as tourmaline-filled faults and 1mm-30cm-thick veins within the granitoid. On the basis of mineralogical and textural features, rocks within this zone are defined as tourmaline veins, tourmaline-breccias and quartz-tourmaline rocks. These rocks are generally composed of quartz, tourmaline and granitic fragments. Petrographical investigations and electron-microprobe analyses indicate that, there are three optically and chemically different tourmaline generations. From oldest to youngest, the tourmalines are classified as blue pleochroic feruvites, blue-green pleochroic schorls and green-light green pleochroic schorls. The chemistry of the tourmalines suggests that these tourmalines crystallized from boron rich fluids derived from an evolving magma. Consequently, the quartz tourmaline-breccia zone is considered to have formed by the injection of overpressured boron rich fluids into faults and fractures present within the Kerkenez Granitoid. Fluid-filled faults and fractures were sealed by quartz-tourmaline crystallization. This led to further fractionation in the magma, new fluid pressure accumulations, reactivation of faults and crystallization of different tourmaline generations. Tourmaline-breccia zones are scarce in the literature and the presence of such rocks within the CACC is first reported in this study.

Evidence of mineral disequilibrium is presented for the Merensky Reef at Winnaarshoek in the eastern Bushveld Complex. Petrographic disequilibrium textures, disequilibrium in orthopyroxene, plagioclase and clinopyroxene mineral compositions as well as disequilibrium in Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of whole rock samples and coexisting plagioclase and orthopyroxene are presented. Disequilibrium textures presented include clinopyroxene exsolution lamellae in orthopyroxene; resorbed plagioclase in orthopyroxene or relict plagioclase; various inclusions such as orthopyroxene, plagioclase or clinopyroxene in larger oikocrysts of clinopyroxene or orthopyroxene; discontinuous rims of clinopyroxene surrounding orthopyroxene; resorbed orthopyroxene in clinopyroxene; and corona textures associated with olivine. These textures were used to derive a possible mineral crystallization sequence. At least two sequences of crystallization took place, both of which crystallized plagioclase first. One sequence then crystallized olivine which was then consumed to produce orthopyroxene which crystallized prior to late clinopyroxene. The other sequence indicates orthopyroxene crystallization after plagioclase crystallization, followed by crystallization of clinopyroxene. These sequences indicate at least two magmas were responsible for the genesis of the Merensky Reef and its hanging wall and footwall units. Compositionally, disequilibrium is evident in the range of compositions found in coexisting orthopyroxene, plagioclase and clinopyroxene with stratigraphic height, with particular reference to the change in mineral composition in each of the hanging wall, Reef and footwall units. Orthopyroxene compositions range in Mg numbers between 74.6 and 82.9 (77.4) in the hanging wall, 78.5 and 87.0 (avg. 81.1) in the Reef, and 77.9 and 84.1 (avg. 81.3) in the footwall. Plagioclase compositions range in An content between An64.9 and An82.3 (avg. An75.1) in the hanging wall, An56.8 to An70.8 (avg. An62.7) in the Reef, and An54.2 to An86.3 (avg. An73.2) in the footwall. In terms of Sm-Nd isotopic compositions, disequilibrium is evident between both whole rock samples and coexisting plagioclase and orthopyroxenes. Bulk rock Sm-Nd isotopic compositions show a range in ԐNd values between ԐNd (2.06 Ga) = -4.8 to -6.4 in the hangingwall, ԐNd (2.06 Ga) = -6.3 to -8.5 in the Reef, and ԐNd (2.06 Ga) = -4.5 to -6.3 in the footwall. Similar ԐNd values are present in the hanging wall and footwall units, with a clear “spike” in the Merensky Reef. ԐNd values in plagioclase are between ԐNd (2.06 Ga) = -5.8 and -7.8, while orthopyroxene isotopic Sm-Nd values are between ԐNd (2.06 Ga = -7.1 and -9.1. The mineral disequilibrium features presented within this study help elucidate the crystallization sequence of the magma as well as to constrain the contamination of the magma upon ascension and emplacement of the Merensky Reef. The results of this study favour a model where a mantle plume resulted in the ascent of a new magma which was contaminated by the assimilation of old, lower crust. Contamination took place prior to the possible lateral emplacement of the Merensky reef as a density current. 5-10% contamination of depleted mantle or a B2-“like” source by Archaean TTGs is modeled to achieve the contamination “spike” of ԐNd = -8.5 in the Merensky Reef.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
As indústrias cerâmicas do Pólo de Santa Gertrudes (São Paulo, Brasil) são responsáveis por cerca de 50% da produção nacional de pisos e revestimentos e utilizam, em sua grande maioria, materiais da Formação Corumbataí como base para as massas de revestimentos cerâmicos produzidos na região. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a unidade quanto à petrologia e propriedades tecnológicas na região da atividade mineira, foram realizados levantamentos das frentes de lavras e afloramentos, distribuídas desde a porção basal até o topo da Formação. Para isso, além das atividades cartográficas normais, foram executadas atividades de compilação bibliográfica, caracterização das fácies sedimentares e cerâmicas nas frentes de lavras e afloramentos e correlação entre estas, além de análises mineralógicas, químicas e petrográficas e ensaios tecnológicos. As atividades demonstraram que, praticamente, toda a coluna estratigráfica dessa unidade pode ser utilizada na fabricação de produtos cerâmicos, sendo que a mineralogia e as propriedades tecnológicas apresentam significativa variação tanto na vertical como na horizontal, decorrentes de aspectos sedimentares, diagenéticos e alteração supérgena. A distribuição dos litotipos associada à composição mineralógica, estrutural e textural sugere que o sítio deposicional tratava-se de um extenso mar raso, com indícios de exposições aéreas já nos estratos basais com provável deposição química de carbonatos, sulfatos e outros sais. Os processos de diagênese e circulação de fluídos, principalmente relacionados à colocação e resfriamento dos corpos de diabásio, levaram à geração de illitas, interestratificados, feldspatos, zeólitas, mobilização de carbonato e ferro e o surgimento de fraturamento hidráulico, nos mais diversos litotipos. Do ponto de vista tecnológico, concluiu-se que...
The industries of Santa Gertrudes’ Pole (São Paulo, Brazil) are responsible for about 50% of internal production of ceramic tiles and use rocks from Corumbataí Formation as raw materials in the product fabrication in this region. To realize the characterization of the petrology and technological properties of the unit in the mining’ area, were made field works in mines and outcrops, distributed from the base to the top of Corumbataí Formation. For that, beyond the normal cartographic activities were carried out activities bibliographic compilation, characterization of sedimentary facies and ceramics on the fronts of mines and outcrops and correlation between them, and mineralogical analysis, chemical and petrographic and technological tests. The activities demonstrated that virtually the entire stratigraphic column of this unit can be used in the manufacture of ceramic products, and the mineralogy and technological properties show significant variation both vertically and horizontally due to aspects of sedimentary, diagenetic and supergene alteration. The distribution of rock types associated with the mineral composition, structural and textural suggests that the depositional site it was an extensive shallow sea, with evidence of exposure companies had basal strata with probable chemical deposition of carbonates, sulfates and other salts. The processes of diagenesis and fluid movement, especially regarding the placement and cooling of bodies of diabase, led to the generation of illite, mixed layer clays, feldspars, zeolites, mobilization of carbonate and iron and the appearance of hydraulic fracturing in many different rock types. From the technological point of view, it was concluded that the properties vary depending on whether the sample (top or bottom of the unit), degree of change, physical and chemical characteristics and influence of hydrothermalism, causing the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Las industrias cerámicas del Polo de Santa Gertrudes (São Paulo, Brasil) son responsables por cerca de 50% de la producción nacional de pavimentos y revestimientos y utilizan, en su gran mayoría, materiales de la Formación Corumbataí como base para las baldosas. Con el objetivo de caracterizar la unidad cuanto a la petrología y propiedades tecnológicas en la región de la actividad minera, fueron realizados trabajos de campo en las canteras y afloramientos, distribuidos desde la base hasta el topo de la Formación. Para esto, fueron realizadas actividades cartográficas usuales y actividades de compilación bibliográfica, caracterización de las facciones sedimentares (descripción de campo, petrografía y litoquímica), cerámicas (ensayos tecnológicos) y correlación entre ellas. Los resultados demostraran que, prácticamente, toda la columna estratigráfica puede ser utilizada en la fabricación de productos cerámicos, siendo que la mineralogía y las propiedades tecnológicas presentan significativa variación tanto en la vertical como en la horizontal, decurrentes de aspectos sedimentares, diagenéticos y alteración supérgena. La distribución de litotipos asociada a la composición mineralógica, estructural y textural sugiere que el sitio deposicional se trataba de un extenso mar raso, con indicios de exposiciones aéreas ya en los estratos basales con probable deposición química de carbonatos, sulfatos e otras sales de sodio, potasio y magnesio. Los procesos de diagénesis y circulación de fluidos, principalmente relacionados a la inyección y resfriamiento de los cuerpos de diabasa, llevaran a la ocurrencia de reacciones químicas que resultaron en la generación de illitas, interestratificados, feldespatos, zeolitas, movimiento de carbonato y hierro en los más diversos litotipos, más allá del fraturamento hidráulico en algunos sitios ... (Resumen completo clicar acceso electrónico abajo)

Resumo: As indústrias cerâmicas do Pólo de Santa Gertrudes (São Paulo, Brasil) são responsáveis por cerca de 50% da produção nacional de pisos e revestimentos e utilizam, em sua grande maioria, materiais da Formação Corumbataí como base para as massas de revestimentos cerâmicos produzidos na região. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a unidade quanto à petrologia e propriedades tecnológicas na região da atividade mineira, foram realizados levantamentos das frentes de lavras e afloramentos, distribuídas desde a porção basal até o topo da Formação. Para isso, além das atividades cartográficas normais, foram executadas atividades de compilação bibliográfica, caracterização das fácies sedimentares e cerâmicas nas frentes de lavras e afloramentos e correlação entre estas, além de análises mineralógicas, químicas e petrográficas e ensaios tecnológicos. As atividades demonstraram que, praticamente, toda a coluna estratigráfica dessa unidade pode ser utilizada na fabricação de produtos cerâmicos, sendo que a mineralogia e as propriedades tecnológicas apresentam significativa variação tanto na vertical como na horizontal, decorrentes de aspectos sedimentares, diagenéticos e alteração supérgena. A distribuição dos litotipos associada à composição mineralógica, estrutural e textural sugere que o sítio deposicional tratava-se de um extenso mar raso, com indícios de exposições aéreas já nos estratos basais com provável deposição química de carbonatos, sulfatos e outros sais. Os processos de diagênese e circulação de fluídos, principalmente relacionados à colocação e resfriamento dos corpos de diabásio, levaram à geração de illitas, interestratificados, feldspatos, zeólitas, mobilização de carbonato e ferro e o surgimento de fraturamento hidráulico, nos mais diversos litotipos. Do ponto de vista tecnológico, concluiu-se que ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The industries of Santa Gertrudes' Pole (São Paulo, Brazil) are responsible for about 50% of internal production of ceramic tiles and use rocks from Corumbataí Formation as raw materials in the product fabrication in this region. To realize the characterization of the petrology and technological properties of the unit in the mining' area, were made field works in mines and outcrops, distributed from the base to the top of Corumbataí Formation. For that, beyond the normal cartographic activities were carried out activities bibliographic compilation, characterization of sedimentary facies and ceramics on the fronts of mines and outcrops and correlation between them, and mineralogical analysis, chemical and petrographic and technological tests. The activities demonstrated that virtually the entire stratigraphic column of this unit can be used in the manufacture of ceramic products, and the mineralogy and technological properties show significant variation both vertically and horizontally due to aspects of sedimentary, diagenetic and supergene alteration. The distribution of rock types associated with the mineral composition, structural and textural suggests that the depositional site it was an extensive shallow sea, with evidence of exposure companies had basal strata with probable chemical deposition of carbonates, sulfates and other salts. The processes of diagenesis and fluid movement, especially regarding the placement and cooling of bodies of diabase, led to the generation of illite, mixed layer clays, feldspars, zeolites, mobilization of carbonate and iron and the appearance of hydraulic fracturing in many different rock types. From the technological point of view, it was concluded that the properties vary depending on whether the sample (top or bottom of the unit), degree of change, physical and chemical characteristics and influence of hydrothermalism, causing the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumen: Las industrias cerámicas del Polo de Santa Gertrudes (São Paulo, Brasil) son responsables por cerca de 50% de la producción nacional de pavimentos y revestimientos y utilizan, en su gran mayoría, materiales de la Formación Corumbataí como base para las baldosas. Con el objetivo de caracterizar la unidad cuanto a la petrología y propiedades tecnológicas en la región de la actividad minera, fueron realizados trabajos de campo en las canteras y afloramientos, distribuidos desde la base hasta el topo de la Formación. Para esto, fueron realizadas actividades cartográficas usuales y actividades de compilación bibliográfica, caracterización de las facciones sedimentares (descripción de campo, petrografía y litoquímica), cerámicas (ensayos tecnológicos) y correlación entre ellas. Los resultados demostraran que, prácticamente, toda la columna estratigráfica puede ser utilizada en la fabricación de productos cerámicos, siendo que la mineralogía y las propiedades tecnológicas presentan significativa variación tanto en la vertical como en la horizontal, decurrentes de aspectos sedimentares, diagenéticos y alteración supérgena. La distribución de litotipos asociada a la composición mineralógica, estructural y textural sugiere que el sitio deposicional se trataba de un extenso mar raso, con indicios de exposiciones aéreas ya en los estratos basales con probable deposición química de carbonatos, sulfatos e otras sales de sodio, potasio y magnesio. Los procesos de diagénesis y circulación de fluidos, principalmente relacionados a la inyección y resfriamiento de los cuerpos de diabasa, llevaran a la ocurrencia de reacciones químicas que resultaron en la generación de illitas, interestratificados, feldespatos, zeolitas, movimiento de carbonato y hierro en los más diversos litotipos, más allá del fraturamento hidráulico en algunos sitios ... (Resumen completo clicar acceso electrónico abajo)
Orientador: Antenor Zanardo
Coorientador: Anselmo Ortega Boschi
Banca: Maria Margarita Torres Moreno
Banca: Fábio Ramos Dias de Andrade
Banca: Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino Varajão
Banca: Emilia García Romero
Doutor

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The granitic stocks of Canhoba (≈6,0 km2), Gravatá (≈3,5 km2) and Lagoa do Mato (≈5,0 km2) occur intrusive in the metasediments of the northeastern part of the Macururé Domain in the Sergipano Orogenic System. These stocks exhibit rounded shapes include angular xenoliths of metasediments and in the contacts regions have abundant dykes and granitic pegmatites. The granites have well-developed tectonic foliation marked by the alignment of muscovite and quartz crystals. Leucocratic granitic compositions are dominate and exist granodioritic types, with muscovite and biotite. The petrographic and mineraloquímicos studies revealed that the dominant mafic mineral is biotite, the plagioclase is albite and oligoclase, has muscovite and titanite, opaque minerals, epidote, zircon and F-apatite are accessory minerals. The biotite crystals have 0.4 Os stocks graníticos de Canhoba (≈6,0 km2), Gravatá (≈3,5 km2) e Lagoa do Mato (≈5,0 km2) ocorrem intrusivos na parte nordeste dos metassedimentos do Domínio Macururé no Sistema Orogênico Sergipano. Esses stocks exibem formas arredondadas, incluem xenólitos angulares de metassedimentos e nas regiões dos contatos apresentam abundantes diques e pegmatitos graníticos. Os granitos apresentam foliação tectônica bem desenvolvida marcada pelo alinhamento de cristais de muscovita e quartzo. Dominam composições graníticas leucocráticas existindo também tipos granodioríticos, com muscovita e biotita. Os estudos petrográfico e mineraloquímicos revelaram que o mineral máfico dominante é a biotita, os plagioclásios são albita e oligoclásio, e tem-se ainda muscovita e titanita, minerais opacos, epídoto, zircão e F-apatita são os minerais acessórios. Os cristais de biotita têm 0,4