Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peulh'
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Yenikoye, Alhassane. "Etudes de l'endocrinologie sexuelle et de la croissance folliculaire chez la brebis nigérienne de race peulh : influence de la saison de reproduction." Tours, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOUR4003.
Full textYenikoye, Alhassane. "Etudes de l'endocrinologie sexuelle et de la croissance folliculaire chez la brebis nigérienne de race Peulh influence de la saison de reproduction /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601986n.
Full textSongnaba-Yameogo, Alice. "Le rapport "Homme - Eau" dans le milieu rural en Afrique Subsaharienne : Formes, pratiques et modes d'usage de l'eau potable introduite dans la commune de Koubri au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080112.
Full textSongnaba-Yameogo, Alice. "Le rapport "Homme - Eau" dans le milieu rural en Afrique Subsaharienne : Formes, pratiques et modes d'usage de l'eau potable introduite dans la commune de Koubri au Burkina Faso." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080112.
Full textSow, Abdoul Aziz. "Essai de typologie des genres poétiques peuls (Mauritanie-Sénégal)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040181.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD deals with oral Fulani poetry from the Fouta-Toro (Mauritania - Senegal) and is composed of three parts. In the first part, a sociological approach brings into relief the role and function of each of the social classes that are the generating of this literature. A brief survey of works already written on Fulani literature has put an emphasis on the specificity of the former in each Fulani cultural area. Starting from the local taxinomy of poetic genres, this thesis has achieved a typology of poetic genres by showing that poetry is produced in a specific context that regulates its performance and its reception. Poetic genres have had as a main axis of development the social classes that compose the Fulani society of Fouta-Toro. In the third and final part, the literary analysis illustrates two major aspects of this poetry. Rhythm is so far as poets use various means to create. Furthermore, it is the vector of an ideology proper to the social groups to which it is linked with
Baumgardt, Ursula. "Représentations de la femme dans la société précoloniale de l'Aadamaawa (Nord-Cameroun) : analyse du répertoire d'une conteuse peule de Garoua." Paris, INALCO, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INAL0003.
Full textKatuvadioko, Ndombe Gabriel. "De la poïesis au drama : ou de la dimension dramatique de la mythologie négro-africaine, à partir de deux exemples précis." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030071.
Full textThis thesis had to answer a question: can the negro-african mythology, whose accounts are essentially from oral tradition, be used as support and/or substance for dramaturgic writing? To answer this, we tried - starting from two examples, namely the Peul’s myth of Kaydara and an extract of the Fang’s epopee of the mvet of Zwè Nguéma Ŕ to offer perspectives for a possible work of theatrical setting through the articulations of the intrigue of each account. We extracted from them visual virtual settings, sound and body likely to be staged and transformed in staging language. We, with this intention, emphasized their dramatic specificity and intensity. Through the setting-up of the dramaturgic structure, we try to work out a speech that fits the requirements of theatrical communication
Gottschligg, Peter. "Verbale Valenz und Kasus im Ful /." Wien : VWGÖ, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35686214f.
Full textBa, Alpha Oumarou. "L'épopée peule du Fouladou (Sénégal) : texte et contexte." Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0008.
Full textThis work examines a full version of the Fulani epic from Fuladu, which the author collected, transcribed from Fulani and translated into French. Its shows a three-cycle structure centered on three figures: a Fulani Muslim of great holiness, Sayku Umar; a hero who establishes Fulani power against that of the Mandinka, Alfaa Moolo; and finally, his son, Musa Moolo, who consolidates the power conquered by his father. The canvas-type narrative proposed by Lilyan Kesteloot and Bassirou Dieng based on "Soundjata ou l'épopée mandingue" edited by Djibril Tamsir Niane does not apply the first cycle, while it applies to each of the last two parts, be it with their own rearrangements. The analysis is limited to the second cycle, the one of Alfaa Moolo, because it has more specifics related on the one hand to the history of the Fulani community in Fuladu and on the other hand to the intermediary place that he occupies between the two other figures. This is an analysis of first hand data collected in the field, which brings to the attention of everyone a story unknown until now
Soumare, Issa. "L'emprunt linguistique en fulfulde." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1027.
Full textHilaire, Jean-Charles. "Analyse interdialectale de la détermination verbale en peul : parlers centraux du Nigéria." Paris, INALCO, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INAL0005.
Full textMetangmo, Tatou Tsoboze Léonie. "Norme et tendances au sein du système classificatoire du fufulde au Nord-Cameroun : essai de méthodologie pour l'étude linguistique et sociolinguistique de l'évolution de la langue classique à la koiné moderne." Paris, INALCO, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INAL0012.
Full textAlhassoumi, Saw Salamatou. "Le gaawoore : un parler peul de l'ouest du Niger." Paris, INALCO, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INAL0001.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to show, through a synchronic description, the specific features of Gâwôre as a dialect within the overall unity of the Fufulde language. Gâwôre speakers (the Gâwôbe) live in western Niger and northern Burkina Faso. The introduction deals with Fufulde and its internal classifications and provides a general introduction to the Gâwôre dialect and its speakers. The five main parts of the work follow. At the end of each, the characteristic dialect differences are stated in order better to situate Gâwôre within the Fulani family. The first part deals with phonology and phonetics : the vowel and consonant systems are presented, and the phonetic realizations in Gâwôre are described. The second part deals with grammatical categories and word formation. Invariable terms are discussed first, them the rules for combining noun, adjective, and verb roots with their respective grammatical modifiers. The other procedures used in Gâwôre to created new words (composition, reduplication and borrowing) are also considered. The third part describes the noun component and includes remarks on noun substitutes and the noun phrase. Part four, devoted to the verb component, describes all the uses of verb predicates in relation to their subjects. The fifth and last part is devoted to utterance formation, and deals with the different types of verbal and non-verbal utterances. Finally, the features that define the linguistic and social identity of Gâwôre within the Fuflude family are set forth in the conclusion
Saint-Lary-Maïga, Maud. "Les chefs peuls du Yatenga à l'épreuve du changement (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0176.
Full textIn the Yatenga kingdom, Fulbe people established as of the XVIIIth century, and submitted to the moose authorities. The colonial period brought them an important chage because five groupes became "canton" and their chiefs were allotted a power they could never have hoped. This thesis aims to understand first the place of fulbe chiefdoms in the sight of their history and transformations, but also how today they deal with the management of goods and services considered as collective. We can see through the comparison of two chiefdoms that chiefs know how to achieve their projects. They have adopted the same strategy : they rely on the past to legitimate their position in the society. However, their approach is different : one relies on Islam, the other one on development projects
Guilhem, Dorothée. "Esthétique du corps féminin et identité chez les Peuls du Mali." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10014.
Full textLoncke, Sandrine. "Lignages et lignes de chant chez les Peuls Wodaabe du Niger." Paris, INALCO, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAL0017.
Full textEach of the fifteen Wodaabe lineages of Niger has its own "branding song". At interlineal ceremonies, these songs are used by the various lineages to identify each other. The Wodaabe consider them to be inherited from their lineal ancestors. All of these songs are indeed stylistically homogeneous, but none are quite the same. However, further analysis reveals that recognizing the authenticity of a song amounts to placing a stamp on it a posteriori. Indeed, this act of recognition is constantly revaluated according to a dynamic of integration and exclusion, whose main goal is to maintain the balance of power between the various lineages. Furthermore, whereas the Wodaabe describe these songs as branching out from a common trunk, they might more accurately be described as emerging through a process of continual differentiation - that is, through a network of ritual interactions that reveals how the social fabric of this nomadic society is constantly being temporally and spatially rewoven
Querre, Madina. "Le bâton peul sur les sentiers de l'enfance : approche ethnologique de la socialisation de l'enfant peul dans la région du Séno (Burkina Faso)." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20934.
Full textThe area of the Seno, situated in the northeast of Burkina Faso, and characterised by very scarce rainfalls, is populated by herder/farmers of various ethnic groups, of which the Peul herders are the most important. The aim of this work has been to bring to light the fact of identity and its construction while considering from an external point of view the active invention of fulanitude. .
Thiam, Mbaye Alassane. "L'histoire de l'enseignement et de la pédagogie coranique au Fuuta-Tooro : L'école de Cilon : son histoire et son influence (XVIIIe-XXe siècle)." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070137.
Full textIn this thesis, we have studied the history of the teaching and pedagogy of the coran. It's a method which is generally used in western africa and specifically in fuuta-tooro. Among the nine chapters of this thesis, we have just studied the classical system of the coranic education in fuuta-tooro, which is a republic of senegal. Chapter 1 deals with the islamic schools before the 18th. Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are devoted to the history and the influence of the cilon school, and also to the followers of this latters foundator. As to the chapter 9, we have stressed on the used pedagogy in this type of teaching by insisting on the technical terms used in the fulani language
Tioulenta, Témoré. "Les emprunts lexicaux du peul au bambara et au français : aspects sociolinguistiques et problématiques d'intégration." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0316.
Full textThe introduction of terms originating from bambara and french into fulfulde depends on the power and prestige of the communities speaking bambara and french. The integration of these terms into the phonological system of the fulfulde is absolute. At the morphological level, of the loanwords, the nouns shows a discrepancy frm the structure and classification of fulfulde nouns
Lex, Gloria. "Le dialecte peul du Fouladou (Casamance-Sénégal) : étude phonétique et phonologique." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030159.
Full textThis phonetic study deals with the so-called glottalized consonants in fula. Seeing as theterm of glottalization is used throughout the phonetic linguistic literature with a wide range of meanings, physiological and acoustical analyses were conducted aimed at providing evidence for the phonetic nature of the consonants. It turned out that there is a series of voiced and voiceless implosive consonants, and it could be shown that they posses a number of characteristic traits which differenciate them from explosive consonants. The study of the vocalic and consonantal system of the fula dialect of fuladu shows there to be 10 vocalic and 27 consonantal phonemes. The consonantal system is organized into six correlations : a correlation of implosivity, a correlation of explosivity including a correlation of sonority and further the correlations of prenasality, nasality and fricativity. The vocalic system comprises two classes of place (front and back), three degrees of aperture and a correlation of quantity
Mohamadou, Aliou. "Classificateurs et représentation des propriétés lexicales en peul : parlers de l'Aadamaawa /." [Vitry-sur-Seine] (1 rue Arthur-Rimbaud, 94400) : Association Linguistique africaine, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357157358.
Full textDiallo, Abdourahamane. "Grammaire descriptive du pular du Fuuta Jaloo (Guinée) /." Berlin : Peter Lang, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376249398.
Full textSougnabe, Pabame. "Pastoralisme en quête d'espaces en savane tchadienne : des Peul autour de la Forêt Classée de Yamba Berté." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0165.
Full textIn the savannah region of Chad, agricultural use structures space. Pastoral space use itself is entirely subordinate to it. It thus evolves with seasons, rotational system of farming and fallow. Whether it's high or low density, the organization of space does not take into account the existence of herds. The space is entirely subjected to agricultural activities and remains only spaces unsuitable for agriculture. The native populations even if they invest more and more in cattle, have adopted strategies for extension of agricultural land without taking into account the pastoral activities. They have more and more increased their agricultural land fields because of the development of yoking and reduction of soil fertility. The transhumant shepherds have real difficulties of movement. The decline of the pastoral systems in savannah region of Chad seems to be mainly due to policies of development unsuited to pastoral spaces, with in particular a land ownership regulation system which largely favor agricultural activities and forest protection
Humery, Marie-Eve. "L' écriture du pulaar (peul) dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0075.
Full textThe 1980-90's have been a golden age, that of the "Pulaar movement" where Fula language (Pulaar or Fulfulde), the fourth most widely spoken African language, has been the subject of extensive mobilization for his writing in adapted Latin script. This cultural and social movement surprises for two reasons : firstly , its relative magnitude, duration and popular involvement, on the other hand, the choice of the Latin script though Fula is written in Arabic script from at least the 18th century. The central question chosen to study this cultural nationalism reinvested by development actors was to understand what pulaar movement can reveal about haalpulaar society (or "toucouleur") and vice versa. Reading and writing in their mother tongue does change anything? How scriptural skills and practices are socially constructed? How do they participate in individual and collective construction? How do they affect social relationships? In response, Pulaar literacy should be l addressed in its pluriscriptural and digraphic context. The other two most common written languages in Fuuta Tooro have been therefore considered: the French, the official and public education language, facilitating social mobility and international migration, and Arabic, the religious language of a "power-knowledge" perpetuating social and political establishment but also the language of some commercial and migratory networks. Centred on social anthropology of writing close to New Literacy Studies, the approach chosen was global and multidisciplinary
Mohamadou, Aliou. "Classificateurs et représentation des propriétés lexicales en peul : parlers de l'Aadamaawa." Paris, INALCO, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INAL0001.
Full textThe semantic value of the 16 "primary" classifiers of Aadamaawa fulfulde (Cameroon, Nigeria, Cra, Tchad) is analysed within the theoretical framework of enunciative linguistics developed by Antoine Culiodi. The full nominal (fn) is interpreted as participating in two representational levels : 1) it is a level-ii representation (language production materialized through text) resulting from locating relationship between a term belonging to the lexical units class (base units) and a term belonging to the markers class (classifiers); 2) this fn is then a trace of level-i process (mental representations); the operation consists of determinating an abstract occurrences class defined by fundamental properties which mainly are : (a) continuous; (b) discrete (or discontinuous); (c) dense; (d) compact. The analysis of fn from this point of view makes it possible to distinguish two ranges of classifiers : 1) classifiers which mark scanning operations through the notional domain of a base unit : (a) scanning without individuation (smooth scanning) operated by the indefinite classifier -d'um, and by the continuous non discreted classifier - d'am; (b) scanning with individuation (granular scanning) operated by the indeterminate plural classifier -d'e, and by the determinate plural classifier -d'i ; 2) the classifiers which isolate a particular value and which works as extractors : (a) serial units extractors (-nde, -ndu, -ndi); continuous units extractors (-ngo, -ngal, ngol, -ngu, -nge); (c) mass units extractors (-ko, -ki, -ka, -kal)
Traore, Ismail. "Les relations épistolaires entre la famille Kunta de Tombouctou et la Dina du Macina (1818-1864)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0748.
Full textThis thesis deals with two interdisciplinary aspects of science, namely critical studies and history (particularly the history of Mali). The section devoted to critical studies is written in Arabic and examines the most substantial and most interesting piece of correspondence exchanged between Shaykh Sīdī Ahmad al-Bakkay Kunta and the last Emir of Macina (Amadou Amadou). This manuscript deals with most of the differences which opposed the two protagonists, in particular, as well as dealing, more generally, with the burning issues concerning the two families. It was the reply to a first piece of correspondence sent by Amadou Amadou, which we have been unable to find although Sīdī al-Bakkay outlined its content in this reply.The historical aspect focuses on the study of a limited local zone. The sources are naturally the unpublished manuscripts of the Ahmad Baba Institute in Timbuktu (IHERIAB). In essence, this section of the thesis discusses the nature and importance of the Kunta - Peuls relationships and their evolution during the period 1818-1864 – a summary of the theocratic empire of Hamdallaye. From its birth, under the authority of three emirs, this young state unhesitatingly took control of religious leadership and commerce before invading Timbuktu and the surrounding area. The period was turbulent and the creation of this complicity was heavily influenced by the Tuareg presence. A proper apprehension of the subject requires one to bear in mind the political climate of the central Niger delta from the end of the 18th century to 1818 and how this context enabled the emergence of the Kunta and their supremacy in Timbuktu.The Kunta were both bearers of a traditional religious message and political figures in this sub-region. This double responsibility meant that they were not mere spectators of the events of the period, events tainted with interminable conflicts and a multitude of unexpected disputes. The content of this correspondence sent to various figures in different communities recounts the actions undertaken to settle these conflicts and shows the role played by the Kunta in the quest for dialogue and a peaceful climate in this area along the Niger.The letters comprising this correspondence written by Shaykh-s Kunta or the Peul Emirs of Macina as well as the letters received from their auxiliaries dealt with various subjects of daily life: appeals for justice, calls for better administration and good governance, advice, sermons and pleas, administrative, political and jurisconsult texts, tales of physical and verbal violence, mediations, reconciliations and the presenting of condolences etc
Sylla, Yèro. "Universaux syntaxiques et structure du Pulaar." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030094.
Full textAn adequate explanation of the syntactic phenomena of pulaar (fula) must necessarily take in account facts of semantics and pragmatics. The thesis evaluates some hypotheses claimed by different theories of language universals related to these linguistic levels
Lorin, Marie. "La poésie orale peule des pêcheurs de la vallée du Fleuve Sénégal (Pékâne) : approche géopoétique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INAL0014/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims to link a poetry specific to River Senegal’s fishermen called Pékâne (Pekaan) - especially one of its lesser-known component called Diârâlé (Jaaraale) - and a landscape : the Valley of the River Senegal. Pékâne is a fulani oral poetry sung a capella by fishermen of the River Senegal. Diârâlé is often defined as a descriptive poetry. It is deeply rooted in a local territory and it retraces the poets’ itinerary along the bank of the River Senegal. This fundamental aspect has lead me to choose a specific theoretical framework : the geopoetic approach which has never been used before to study Pékâne and its components. This is why, this dissertation tries to show why Diârâlé can be defined as a landscaping poetry which was able to adapt itself to a highly changing environment. Three main issues are raised.The first part analyses how Diârâlé is building itself not only on an intertextual network but also on a social and cultural network. The second part examines the Diârâlé actual evolutions, showing that it is a dynamic genre which was able to continue beyond Guélâye Âli Fâl, the tutelary figure of modern Pékâne. Finally, the last part shows that Diârâlé can be considered as a landscaping and nomadic poetry linked to environmental changes that are hitting the River Senegal Valley.The analysis is based on a corpus made of six oral performances collected in 2011 and 2012 in Senegal. Texts are transcribed in Fulani and translated into French
Issaley, Nana Aïchatou. "L'élevage dans un contexte de communalisation au Niger : entre enjeux économiques et enjeux politiques : cas du département de Gouré et des éleveurs peuls." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0471.
Full textThis work focus on livestock in a communalization context in Niger, this study highlights the economic and political stakes for both a commune and a social group. With the establishment of the communes, livestock became the primary source of funding for local budget. The communes rely on the taxes levied on the cattle to fund their activities. As a result, in pastoral area, a livestock market conditions not only how well some communes are managed, but also their own existence. While Peullivestock holders provide the communes with significant resources, what are they receiving in return? Peul pastoralists now believe that entering the political arena is the most efficient way to have access to public resources, be heard by the communes and even the state. This renewed interest in politics translated into the involvment of peul in local politics, illustrating how a social minority emerges in the political arena. In addition to this involvment in politics and as they try to influence the communes, the Peul of Goure use a social and economic resistance, a form of market boycott they refer to as dangol pulaaku
Diakite, Boubacar. "Facteurs socioculturels et création d'entreprise en Guinée: Étude exploratoire des ethnies peule et soussou." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21491/21491.pdf.
Full textDiakité, Boubacar, and Boubacar Diakité. "Facteurs socioculturels et création d'entreprise en Guinée : étude exploratoire des ethnies peule et soussou." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17878.
Full textL'objectif principal de cette recherche consiste à identifier et à comparer les perceptions, les valeurs socioculturelles et les attitudes qui entrent en jeu dans le phénomène entrepreneurial en Guinée. Les valeurs modèlent la mentalité de l'entrepreneur, fondent ses activités et leur confèrent une signification et une légitimité. La recherche vise à déterminer celles qui poussent telle ou telle personne éduquée des milieux guinéens peul et soussou à s'adonner à des activités entrepreneuriales. La recherche privilégie une méthodologie mixte : quantitative, qualitative et comparative.
Elle s'appuie sur une recension documentaire relative aux valeurs socioculturelles des ethnies peule et soussou, un questionnaire et des entrevues qualitatives semi-structurées. Les données ont été recueillies auprès d'un échantillon d'entrepreneurs et de non-entrepreneurs issus des principales populations établies en Basse et Moyenne Guinée, tous volontaires et intéressés par la problématique visant à mieux comprendre la création d'entreprise au sein de ces ethnies. Les résultats présentés font état des caractéristiques des répondants et du rôle critique de leur milieu familial et ethnique, de leur entreprise, de leurs expériences entrepreneuriales, de leurs réseaux établis, de leurs valeurs et attitudes et de leurs perceptions de la création d'entreprise au sein de leur groupe d'appartenance.
Elle s'appuie sur une recension documentaire relative aux valeurs socioculturelles des ethnies peule et soussou, un questionnaire et des entrevues qualitatives semi-structurées. Les données ont été recueillies auprès d'un échantillon d'entrepreneurs et de non-entrepreneurs issus des principales populations établies en Basse et Moyenne Guinée, tous volontaires et intéressés par la problématique visant à mieux comprendre la création d'entreprise au sein de ces ethnies. Les résultats présentés font état des caractéristiques des répondants et du rôle critique de leur milieu familial et ethnique, de leur entreprise, de leurs expériences entrepreneuriales, de leurs réseaux établis, de leurs valeurs et attitudes et de leurs perceptions de la création d'entreprise au sein de leur groupe d'appartenance.
Les facteurs socioculturels identifiés associés à l'entrepreneuriat ethnique sont : le degré d'individualisme et de collectivisme au sein de l'ethnie, le degré de masculinité ou de féminité, le niveau de compétition au sein de la fratrie, le niveau de scolarité, la pratique du maraboutisme, l'importance du concept de baraka, l'existence des réseaux de relation, le statut et le revenu des futurs entrepreneurs, et le recours aux sources personnelles et familiales de financement de l'entreprise. Ainsi, l'interaction complexe de ces différents facteurs peut favoriser ou gêner l'émergence des entreprises.
Les facteurs socioculturels identifiés associés à l'entrepreneuriat ethnique sont : le degré d'individualisme et de collectivisme au sein de l'ethnie, le degré de masculinité ou de féminité, le niveau de compétition au sein de la fratrie, le niveau de scolarité, la pratique du maraboutisme, l'importance du concept de baraka, l'existence des réseaux de relation, le statut et le revenu des futurs entrepreneurs, et le recours aux sources personnelles et familiales de financement de l'entreprise. Ainsi, l'interaction complexe de ces différents facteurs peut favoriser ou gêner l'émergence des entreprises.
À la fois expression d'une culture et réaction à une situation de pauvreté, la création d'entreprise apparaît autant comme un choix délibéré pour certaines personnes que comme un passage obligé pour d'autres, qui n'ont pas une autre façon de s'en sortir. Le contexte historique et l'organisation familiale et sociale semblent expliquer le fait qu'il se crée plus d'entreprises au sein de l'ethnie peule que dans l'ethnie soussou. Mots clés : Facteurs socioculturels, création d'entreprise, entrepreneuriat, ethnie, culture, fratrie, baraka, Peul, Soussou, Guinée, Afrique.
À la fois expression d'une culture et réaction à une situation de pauvreté, la création d'entreprise apparaît autant comme un choix délibéré pour certaines personnes que comme un passage obligé pour d'autres, qui n'ont pas une autre façon de s'en sortir. Le contexte historique et l'organisation familiale et sociale semblent expliquer le fait qu'il se crée plus d'entreprises au sein de l'ethnie peule que dans l'ethnie soussou. Mots clés : Facteurs socioculturels, création d'entreprise, entrepreneuriat, ethnie, culture, fratrie, baraka, Peul, Soussou, Guinée, Afrique.
Oumarou, Boubacar. "Dynamique des sociétés pasteurs nomades face à l'Etat du Niger : cas des Peuls de Say." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/158310217#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe pages of this study wanted to introduce the knowledge of traditional practices among Say Fulani. But they must make us ask a very important and modern: what is the future of nomadic societies ? This question reflects the precise impact of concrete implications that all this knowledge capital, practices behavior and strategies should play in the harmonious development of the traditional farming, so that it does not remain a wonderful fossil, but unnecessary. Since the colonial period to today, with the gradual establishment of technical structures, he dug e deep gap between the traditional experience of one hand and technical services on the other. This situation has created conflicts and problems that can not support any form of development
Saucourt, Emmanuelle. "Amadou Hampâté Bâ : ethnologue ou silatigi ? : travail sur un corpus écrit de contes initiatiques peuls." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/saucourt_e.
Full textNjeddo Dewal, Kaïdara, Koumen, L'éclat de la grande étoile - these are the titles of Fulani initiatory tales passed on by the Malian writer Amadou Hampâté Bâ. Through crossing and questioning these materials, we have tried to address the issues linking culture, orality and writing. What is being said about men and culture in the passage from the oral to the written transmission of founding texts? Choosing to study initiatory tales of young Fulani shepherds - an oral material playing a significant social and cultural role for the individual and the community - what status should be conferred upon these tales once they are written and published? Can then this new form of tales be considered as a source of ethnological knowledge of Fulani culture? What is the literary, initiatory and ethnological work achieved by author Hampâté Bâ, so as to make these written tales both pieces of expression of a culture and structuring elements of initiation? Thus our research through pages have led us to perceive the tales as a creation to the glory of the Bovidae, containing the sacred words and the knowledge necessary to the weaving of the bond between the Fulas and their culture’s cement element - the cow. By collecting and putting the tales in writing, Hampâté Bâ reiterates this attachment, but even more preserves and reveals the literary and cultural wealth they are linked with. True the tale is indeed a phenomenon whose justification is pleasure, that is enjoying exchange and circulation. However it is within its permanence, its curves and its variations that the tale takes its full scope and draws the strength enabling it to carry the culture that creates it
Lauga-Sallenave, Carole. "Le cercle des haies : paysage des agroéleveurs peuls du Fouta-Djalon (plaine des Timbis, Guinée)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100060.
Full textSummery : fouta djalon, the peul and djalonke country, is one of the largest mountain ranges of west africa. At the geographic and historical heart of its high plateaus, the landscapes of the timbis plain consists of ilets of bocage among grassy plains. A system of living fences forms an enclosures for the home gardens and the intensly cultivated gardens. For a long time, many questions have been raised about the origins of these landscapes, however one hypotheses is that they may correspond to a stage of evolution in between the openfield and the bocage. Even, nowadays the unchanging landscape leads to a questioning about the social foundations of this particular organization between bocage and openfield. Why have the farmers / breeders built a semi-bocage landscape that they maintain with the same practices? why do they continue to use this type of space management centered around the enclosure? built by men, the timbis landscape conserves the marks of the ancient conquiest of the peul muslams and their rule over the jalunke people of "mande" origin, the animist farmers and the pagans peuls stock-breeders. The hedge that forms the enclosure of the home garden, the hoggo, is a social symbol, that characterizes the breeder / farmer of fouta djalon that embraces the feeling of belonging to a common history and culture. The objective of our research is to analize the methods of construction of the bocage system, to determine the individual and collective strategies of installing the hedges while studying the dynamics that are etablished between agriculture and breeding - as well as to discover the social motivations for creating a landscape that is in part open and in part closed
Camara, Arsène. "Changement social chez les Peuls du Fuuta-Jaloo, de 1920 à nos jours : du Pastoralisme au Commerce." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INAL0012.
Full textThe kind of life criterion used to identify the Fulani remains pastoralism. However, for several decades, those of Fuuta-Jaloo have known an evolution which distances them more and more from this traditional activity. Because of the Fulani conservatism, the trade profession did not recruit from the Fulani until late. Under colonization, they only participated in the intensification of trade mainly as producer-sellers, acting in most cases under pressure from taxes. Before 1920, all trade was carried out by the Dyula and the Lebanese-Syrians. During this period, an increasing number of Fulani traders seem to have been registered.After Guinea's independence, on October 2, 1958, the commercial policy of the Sékou Touré regime, underpinned by the 1964 Framework Law, continued to oppose the creation of a bourgeoisie autonomous merchant. However, and despite the economic pressures exerted against private traders, Fulani trade has developed thanks to its ability to adapt to an unfavorable economic context and to its capacity for geographic expansion in neighboring countries. With the economic liberalism that took place in April 1984, Guinea became an El Dorado for exiled Guinean traders as well as for West African foreign traders. In this conjuncture, the Fulani traders were able to take advantage of the opportunities available to them; they now dominate all networks for the import and distribution of basic necessities and manufactured items
Thébaud, Brigitte. "Foncier pastoral et gestion de l'espace au Sahel : Peuls du Niger oriental et du Yagha burkinabé /." Paris : Éd. Karthala, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388297429.
Full textThiam, Mohamed. "Politiques de développement rural au Sénégal : l'exemple de l'élevage semi-nomade des Peul dans le sud-ouest du Ferlo : une activité en crise." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX23003.
Full textIn a sahel region of africa, animal production is first of all the business of the peul people; therefore trying to improve it means looking for a rise in a rise in the standard of living of this community. The south west of ferio is a zone of contact as well as a zone of permanent conflicts between the defenders of two systems of extensive production: one is pastoral supported by the4 peul, and the other is agriculture defended by the wolof and serer famers. The oppositions and rivalities provoked by these two systems strengthen the competition and the brawels between social groups. Now minority in the zone, the livestok rearers are loosers in the villages they have set up. Draught, overgrazing, the dispersion of livestock farmers, the lack of marketing infrastructures, of remunerative prices, of policies of planning together of rural organisation and development put the livestock into a state of quasi-perpetual crisis. Faced with this two-fold contraint of endemic as well as structural nature, the rearers have adoped adapta tive strategies to sustain their activity and for income resource diversification
Saucourt, Emmanuelle Martin Jean-Baptiste. "Amadou Hampâté Bâ." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/saucourt_e.
Full textBarry, Laurent. "La parenté recomposée : figures Peul de l'alliance sur les hauts plateaux de l'Adamaoua (nord Cameroun)." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100156.
Full textIn his dissertation, laurent s. Barry intends to reexamine, using new methodologies, the problem that "arab marriage" poses to anthropological theories on kinship and to the theory of marriage versus descent groups. Numerous studies done in the past which have foreseen this issue, have in fact generally obscured the investigation of practices in actual marriages and have concentrated only on analysing local views which give importance to marriage within the nearest agnatic line. The few works which nevertheless manifested a certain interest on the empirical aspect of marriage did not do more than "count" the unions between close relatives (i. E. , between first cousins). The author's study led to a development of a representative corpus listing almost 3,400 marriages from a sampling of 5,000 persons (all generations included). These data were gathered from different fulbe communities of the adamawa highlands (northern cameroon, republic of central africa), comprising "nomadic" groups (wodaabe, aku and jafun called mbororoen) and those which belong to lineage of sheepherding and land-tilling settled nomads (called foulbe). These are societies which share the same matrimonial system while practising considerably different systems of social organization. After examining these data, laurent s. Barry then confronts two domains of facts : the normative views which organize conceptions about and representations of affinity and practices in actual marriages. This analysis, for which the author developed a specific software called genos to process genealogical trees, is therefore concerned not only about the consideration of the "types" of preferred unions but especially about the way they fit into the logical whole of all marriage effected in preceding generations. These two combined are what laurent s. Barry calls "affinity complex"
CRETAL, PHILIPPE. "Etude comparative de la mortalite infantile en zone subsaharienne entre deux ethnies : peul et bambara." Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M209.
Full textVidal, Laurent. "Les génies de la parole : rituels de possession en milieux Peul et Zarma au Niger." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H084.
Full textPeul of western niger have taken from their neighbours (the Zarma) the practice of possession's rituals which have therapeutic vocation. Presentation and analysis of a certain number of historical times that lived those populations (on the fringe of orthodox islam ans possession's rituals) permit to define the foundation of possession's culture and to question about notions of myth, traditional religion and ritual. This approach of possession is organized around an omnipresent speaking which gives meaning to those practices. The speaking is at the center of the illness caused by a spirit from beginning to end, going through diagnosis. Being efficient, the speaking must be developed in discourses which are the expression of a knowledge. This stake concerns every speaking, whether fits in with a ritual time or not. Besides a wellconsidered and protected speaking, we found an explicit and familiar vocabulary, which never makes a possession humdrum. The increase in the number of carefully phrased remarks and, also, of technical precautions, which are part of every intervention binded to possession, is the expression of the fear of knowledge's calling into question. . .
Djako, Arsène. "Agriculteurs sénoufo et éleveurs peul dans le Nord de la Côte d'Ivoire : une cohabitation difficile." Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIML012.
Full textVidal, Laurent. "Les Génies de la parole rituels de possession en milieux Peul et Zarma au Niger /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619096m.
Full textBotta, Somparé Ester. "Élèves et éleveurs : éducation familiale et scolaire dans une société pastorale peul de la Guinée Maritime." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0481.
Full textThis thesis concerns the relationship between school and the Fulani cattle-breeders of the Tassara district, in the multiethnic environment of Southern Guines, where Fulani are a minority. It is the result of an anthropological research carried on using a qualitative methodology, based on interviews and participating observation on the field. This thesis describes a society who has always appeared quite indifferent towards school. The traditionnal education is analyzed according to Durkheim's concepts of educative ideal. Through the comparison between three generations, it appears that such an education is aimed to shape skillful cattle-breeders endowed with Islamic knowledge and young shepperders expected to be good wives and mothers. Nevertheless, the increasing difficulties related to the practice of cattle-breeding have led to the loss or the decreasing of cattle and the pauperization of many families. That's why, nowadays, the inhabitants of the Tassara district are obliged to take into consideration new paths for their children's future. Some young people are still busy with agro pastoral activities and Islamic education, thus becoming the keepers of the material and immaterial capital of their society. Howerver, all the expectations and hopes of social mobility, expressed by families and by the whole community, focus on pupils. This thesis also deals with the content of school teaching in order to check whether pupils receive an education consistent with their culture and able to answer their families' worries and demands
Enguita, Fernàndez Cristina. "Etnicidades en movimiento. (Re)presentaciones identitarias en un contexto global. Los peul mbororo, entre Camerún y Europa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666829.
Full textBased on a multi-sited ethnography with a complementary virtual fieldwork, this thesis explores the connections among those Mbororo in Cameroon and those whom, after a transnational migration journey, dwell in Europe. Methodologically, in order to entangle the experiences in Cameroon and in Europe, the thesis suggests an intersectional approach while rendering the variability of social categories that surround the experiences of identity while deepening in a perspective that breaks with essencializing rhetorics of ethnicity. Mbororo pastoralists of Cameroon have been recognized as indigenous population according to the criteria established by African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. This latter being part of the African Union and following the 169 Convention of the ILO and The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The Mbororo are part of the Fulani ethnolinguistic blog of the great south-sahelian area from Mauritania to Central African Republic. The identification as indigenous people in Cameroon in contrast to other Peul groups in the country, allows Cameroonian Mbororo to strengthen their cultural frontiers, this latter promoted by a vibrant associational movement which has (re)defined their ethnic particularism into human rights and citizenship rhetoric. In spite of the strength of the sociopolitical discourse of the Mbororo community in Cameroon, the preliminary results of this multi-sited ethnography confirm a debilitation of the ties with the original community in the moment of migration. Instead of describing this debilitation as a form of disconnection, the thesis argues for a notion of ethnicity as an identity process in transformation. It understands the experience of identity from the contingency in which subjects adopt cultural benchmarks according to their contextual needs and anxieties. On the whole, the thesis contributes to identity and ethnicity studies by approaching the Mbororo as agentive representatives of their own ethnic experience.
Ima, Ouoba Sidonie Aristide. "Dynamique du mode de vie des éleveurs et bouviers peuls de la zone pastorale de la Nouhao au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG008/document.
Full textIn the face of unfavorable rearing conditions, the State sees in the creation of pastoral areas an opportunity to inject a new dynamic into livestock farming by improving production techniques. It is in this context that the pastoral zone of Nouhao was created and there were officially installed Fulani breeders. This installation was preceded by several achievements in order to ensure in a sustainable way, a satisfactory availability and at any time of the year, food resources, water, as well as a sanitary supervision for the animals of the said zone. Despite the many achievements that have brought benefits to pastoralists, they have retained their traditional system of pastoral resource exploitation.The study aims to identify the motivations of the actors in the persistence of the practice of mobility outside the pastoral zone. The survey carried out among stakeholders in different fields of activity has made it possible to provide answers to a specific question of mobility that is the transhumance of pastoralists and Fulani herdsmen in the pastoral zone of Nouhao
Ba, Sada-Mamadou. "Du signe au blason : description des robes et des marques distinctives du bétail chez les Peuls Fulaabe de l’est du Sénégal." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5011.
Full textLearning to recognize the differences, sometimes extremely fine, between each head of cattle in his herd is a long process for the Fula cowherd. The man who has become an "expert" in telling differences that other, less experienced cowherds overlook is said to have ganndal, knowledge. The ability to notice tiny differences between cows by using several criteria (the color of the coat and "marks" on it, the shape and size of horns, etc.) is a form of ganndal that, though valued, does not suffice to turn the cowherd into a "true scholar". On the other hand, the ability to discover, under the set of traits identifying an individual cow, patterns that can be used to read the "signs" of fate endows the cowherd with a quite different reputation. The man with such a reputation is considered to be a sort of seer of the invisible, a siltigi; he will be both feared and respected. The cowherd who has attained this degree of ganndal is said to know sifa. Sifa, a specific form of vision and knowledge, constitutes in Fula culture an intellectual and ethical ideal. Strictly speaking, this is not an individual ideal. Every family, lineage segment, local group or tribe seeks to enhance its status through the heritage of ganndal to which it lays claim. This heritage is jealously kept with all sorts of measures being taken to keep rival groups from seizing it
Pondopoulo, Anna. "Les représentations françaises sur les Peuls et les Haalpulaar'en ("Toucouleurs") du XVIIIè au début du XXè : des stéréotypes à la connaissance scientifique." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070043.
Full textThe work explores how historical and ethnographical knowledge about the Fulbe, a group of West Africa, developed and changed in 19th century France. It analyses the beginnings of the epistemological mode! assigning the Fulbe unique and superior origins, "race", and culture, and it seeks to explain the reasons for this special vision of them over time. The eighteenth and the nineteenth century writings describing the Fulbe (travels narratives, ethnographic and anthropologic texts of the naval medical officers and of the colonial administrators) are inserted into an historical context (the exploration and the conquest of the African societies, the resistance to the colonizers, the activities of the scientific societies in France). The study analyses the history of the construction of the racial category of the Fulbe through a long period of the colonial situation; it explores both the continuity and the changes in the c1assificatory models, and shows the importance of a specific kind of racial discourse in the making of the history and of the ethnography of Africa to the first decades of the 20th century
Kervella-Mansaré, Yassine. "La condition peule. Autour de la vache : nomade ou sédentaire ? Différences et similitudes de pratiques et de représentations, selon qu’on est l’un ou l’autre. Étude comparative de communautés de Guinée et du Tchad." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0056.
Full textCurrently estimated at about 8 million, the Fulani people make up a population spread over twenty-odd countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Sharing a commonly claimed origin said to be situated in Egypt, they are to have experienced several multiple migrations, while maintaining in all cases the desire to organize their social life around bovine cattle-breading. More than just a symbol, the cow is seen as the founding pillar of their ethnic character. There are, however, noticeable differences depending on whether the people are nomad, sedentary or semi-sedentary. Well-documented population dispersions throughout the centuries for various reasons, (amongst others: economic, political, climatic...), have led to sometimes profound cultural differences.The objective of making a comparison of the sedentary populations of the Fuuta-Jaloo Plateau of Guinea and the nomads and semi-nomads of Chad is to highlight some of these differences and, on the contrary, to identify the common denominators which may be considered to reveal a unique heritage.Concerning the sedentary populations which have become urban dwellers and have, for this reason, lost all involvement in pastoral activity, the cow remains central in their psyche. It continues to have an influence on their speech with multiple references to be found in metaphors, expressions of common civilities, the evaluation of common codes of behavior, etc. This can be seen as much by observing daily life as through the initiatives ta ken by certain Fulani intellectuals who have created associations to promote this heritage on both a national and international scale via, for example, the creation of websites. There is even a tendency to erase or greatly reduce historical differences which have come to light between the groups, or to underestimate mixed-race populations throughout generations in order to offer a uniform standard. Accordingly, they also refer to a distant past, but sometimes with ideological biases which contribute to political or religious activism, the intention of which, whether admitted or not, being to define a « Fulani nation» which, although fragmented over several States, would gain from a recognition of its uniqueness in Africa.Throughout the fieldwork study, the focus is as much on data from characteristic events making up individual and collective life, (birth, marriage, death), as on the organization of everyday life, (exercise of authority, family and clan unity and cooperation, age-groups, economic interaction, livestock management, the concept of space and time, religious and other predeterminations, etc.).Also worth noting are the influences of other populations on the Fulani people during their migrations or attachments to a territory, influences leading to the lasting acquisition of living manners and techniques.Notwithstanding linguistic borrowings, the influences are obvious where temporary or permanent dwelling construction and choice of clothing are concerned. Until recently, the Fulani people were not renowned for having their own craft. The choices they make to modify their relationship with objects constructed by others being directly determined by the needs presented to them by nature. For example, nowadays, the mobile phone has considerably accelerated decision-making during transhumance.In conclusion, given the omnipresence of the cow in the Fulani culture, whatever the social and cultural evolution may be, it is worth clarifying the structural role that the cow plays on the majority of practices and symbolic representations. It somehow polarizes the cultural production claimed as the heritage of a multisecular tradition. Hence the concern expressed from the very first interviews of the field survey of a possible risk of loss or significant reduction of bovine cattle-breeding. They feel they will lose the founding stone of their identity
Ndiaye, Oumar Djiby. "La notion de répertoire dans l'œuvre de Guellâye, poète épique des pêcheurs Haalpulaar du Foûta-Tôro (Mauritanie et Sénégal)." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INAL0018.
Full textPekaan is a traditional literary genre specific to fishermen from the Foûta-Tôroregion, situated partly in Mauritania, partly in Senegal. Our analysis concerns the work of Guellâye, the most recognized poet of that genre. He died at the beginning of the seventies but the whole of this work exists on cassettes. The corpus is made of five epics and of descriptive poetry. To which extent can we talk about repertoire for the works of Guellâye ? This question is analyzed in five chapters. The first chapters, "The pekaan in its social and literary context", is a presentation of fulani society of Foûta-Tôro and other literary forms in this society which share the caracteristic of being produced by socio-professionnal castes. The second chapter, "Guellâye's story and repertoire", attempts to demonstrate the close link between Guellâye's works ans his personnal and professionnal development. The third and fourth chapters deal with "Analysis of the epics" and "Analysis of the descriptive poetry". Each chapter has identified and analyzed a certain number of themes to show their recurrence and the similarity in the way Guellâye deals with them through his work. This analysis highlights the great variety in Guellâye's repertoire as well as its unity. "The epic genre and the pekaan" is an attempt to demonstrate that the pekaan texts prensent quite a number of characteristics to justifiy their belonging to the epic genre, and this, despite the absence of musical accompaniment in performance