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Journal articles on the topic 'PFGE typing'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Chen, Kuo-Wei, Hsiu-Jung Lo, Yu-Hui Lin, and Shu-Ying Li. "Comparison of four molecular typing methods to assess genetic relatedness of Candida albicans clinical isolates in Taiwan." Journal of Medical Microbiology 54, no. 3 (2005): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45829-0.

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This report describes the investigation of the genetic profiles of 53 Candida albicans isolates collected from 18 hospitals in Taiwan using three PFGE-based typing methods (PFGE karyotyping, and PFGE of SfiI and BssHII restriction fragments) and one repetitive-sequence-PCR (rep-PCR) method. All four methods were able to identify clonal related isolates from the same patients. PFGE-BssHII exhibited the highest discriminatory power by discriminating 40 genotypes, followed by PFGE-SfiI (35 genotypes) and then by rep-PCR (31 genotypes), while PFGE karyotyping exhibited the lowest discriminatory po
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2

Doran, Geraldine, Dearbhaile Morris, Colette O'Hare, et al. "Cost-Effective Application of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis to Typing of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 12 (2005): 8236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.12.8236-8240.2005.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is frequently isolated from humans and animals. Phage typing is historically the first-line reference typing technique in Europe. It is rapid and convenient for laboratories with appropriate training and experience, and costs of consumables are low. Phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were performed on 503 isolates of serovar Typhimurium. Twenty-nine phage types and 53 PFGE patterns were observed. Most isolates of phage types DT104, DT104b, and U310 are not distinguishable from other members of their phage type by PFGE. By c
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3

LOUIE, M., S. READ, L. LOUIE, et al. "Molecular typing methods to investigate transmission of Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 from cattle to humans." Epidemiology and Infection 123, no. 1 (1999): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899002551.

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The utility of phage typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and plasmid profile analysis was compared, to differentiate between Canadian Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 strains of human (n = 27) and cattle (n = 24) origin. The diversity indices for phage typing, plasmid analysis and PFGE were 0·85, 0·69 and 0·93, respectively. PFGE and phage typing were also applied to study the role of direct transmission of E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 from cattle to humans on isolates collected from two separate farm outbreaks. PFGE showed that more than one E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 strain with varying PF
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D'Agata, Erika M. C., Monique M. Gerrits, Yi-Wei Tang, M. Samore, and Johannes G. Kusters. "Comparison of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Amplified Fragment-Length Polymorphism for Epidemiological Investigations of Common Nosocomial Pathogens." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 22, no. 9 (2001): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501950.

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AbstractObjective:To compare molecular typing by amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with respect to the ability to differentiate between epidemiologically related and unrelated isolates of common nosocomial pathogens recovered during a period of endemicity.Design:Retrospective laboratory analysis.Setting:Tertiary-care institution.Methods:17 isolates ofAcinetobacter baumannii,22 isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa,and 22 vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecium(VRE) were typed by both methods.Results:AFLP generated comparable result
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5

Tang, Yi-Wei, Michael G. Waddington, Douglas H. Smith, et al. "Comparison of Protein A Gene Sequencing with Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Epidemiologic Data for Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 4 (2000): 1347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.4.1347-1351.2000.

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The epidemiologic relatedness of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates is currently determined by analysis of chromosomal DNA restriction patterns by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We have evaluated an alternative typing system (MicroSeq StaphTrack Kit; Perkin-Elmer Biosystems) based on the sequence analysis of the chromosomally encoded polymorphic repeat X region of the S. aureus protein A (spa) gene. A total of 69 clinical MRSA isolates were divided into 18 groups according to the number and nucleotide sequences of the spa repeats. Molecular typing results obta
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6

Shaaly, Aishath, Marit Gjerde Tellevik, Nina Langeland, E. Arne Høiby, and Roland Jureen. "Comparison of serotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and amplified fragment length polymorphism for typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Medical Microbiology 54, no. 5 (2005): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45912-0.

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The aim of the present study was to compare serotyping, PFGE and AFLP for typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae with regard to discriminatory power, typeability and typing system concordance. Thirty-four isolates from cerobrospinal fluid and 34 time-matched blood culture isolates collected from in-patients at two hospitals in western Norway during the period from January 1994 to May 2002 were included in the study. The discriminatory powers of serotyping, PFGE and AFLP were 0.93, 0.99 and 0.95, respectively. The typeabilities for serotyping, PFGE and AFLP were 1, 1 and 0.99, respectively. A good
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7

Boekhout, Teun, Marga Kamp, and Eveline Guého. "Molecular typing ofMalasseziaspecies with PFGE and RAPD." Medical Mycology 36, no. 6 (1998): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02681219880000581.

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8

de Boer, Paulo, Birgitta Duim, Alan Rigter, Jan van der Plas, Wilma F. Jacobs-Reitsma, and Jaap A. Wagenaar. "Computer-Assisted Analysis and Epidemiological Value of Genotyping Methods for Campylobacter jejuni andCampylobacter coli." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 5 (2000): 1940–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.5.1940-1946.2000.

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For epidemiological tracing of the thermotolerantCampylobacter species C. jejuni and C. coli, reliable and highly discriminatory typing techniques are necessary. In this study the genotyping techniques of flagellin typing (flaA typing), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), automated ribotyping, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting were compared. The following aspects were compared: computer-assisted analysis, discriminatory power, and use for epidemiological typing of campylobacters. A set of 50 campylobacter poultry isolates from The Netherlands and neighboring
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9

Torpdahl, M., G. Sørensen, S. Ethelberg, G. Sandø, K. Gammelgard, and L. Jannok Porsbo. "A regional outbreak of S. Typhimurium in Denmark and identification of the source using MLVA typing." Eurosurveillance 11, no. 5 (2006): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.11.05.00621-en.

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In Denmark, as part of the national laboratory-based surveillance system of human enteric infections, all S. Typhimurium isolates are currently sub-typed using phage typing, antibiogram typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). However, the discriminatory ability of PFGE is not always high enough to discriminate within certain phage types, and it is not always possible to separate unrelated and related isolates. We have therefore applied multiple locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) for surveillance typing of S. Typhimurium since 2004. In May and June 2005, an out
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10

Garaizar, Javier, Nuria L�pez-Molina, Idoia Laconcha, et al. "Suitability of PCR Fingerprinting, Infrequent-Restriction-Site PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, Combined with Computerized Gel Analysis, in Library Typing of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 12 (2000): 5273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.12.5273-5281.2000.

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ABSTRACT Strains of Salmonella enterica (n = 212) of different serovars and phage types were used to establish a library typing computerized system for serovar Enteritidis on the basis of PCR fingerprinting, infrequent-restriction-site PCR (IRS-PCR), or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The rate of PCR fingerprinting interassay and intercenter reproducibility was low and was only increased when DNA samples were extracted at the same time and amplified with the same reaction mixtures. Reproducibility of IRS-PCR technique reached 100%, but discrimination was low (D= 0.52). The PFGE proced
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11

Sloos, J. H., L. Dijkshoorn, L. Vogel, and C. P. A. van Boven. "Performance of Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods To Determine the Clinical Relevance of Serial Blood Isolates ofStaphylococcus epidermidis in Patients with Septicemia." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 7 (2000): 2488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.7.2488-2493.2000.

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Five typing methods, including biotyping (API ID32; BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France), quantitative antibiogram typing based on actual zone sizes, plasmid typing, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis (with primer M13 and primer set ERIC-2–1026), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were compared with a previously performed method of DNA fingerprinting by AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis) for their performance in the typing of blood isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Sixteen epidemiologically unrelated strains and 11 sets of four blood culture
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12

Park, Eun-Hee, Mi-Hee Kim, Joung-A. Kim, et al. "Molecular Typing of Legionella pneumophila Isolated in Busan, Using PFGE." Journal of Life Science 15, no. 2 (2005): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/jls.2005.15.2.161.

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13

Golding, George R., Jennifer L. Campbell, Dave J. Spreitzer, et al. "A Preliminary Guideline for the Assignment of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusto a Canadian Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Epidemic Type UsingspaTyping." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 19, no. 4 (2008): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/754249.

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BACKGROUND: Increasing rates of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infections on a global scale is a major health concern. In Canada, there are 10 known epidemic types of MRSA as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Despite the excellent discriminatory power of PFGE, there are several disadvantages of using this technique, such as high degree of labour intensity and the inability to easily develop an MRSA typing database due to the subjective interpretation of results.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to determine whetherspatyping, an established
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14

ATYEO, R. F., S. L. OXBERRY, and D. J. HAMPSON. "Analysis of Serpulina hyodysenteriae strain variation and its molecular epidemiology using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis." Epidemiology and Infection 123, no. 1 (1999): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899002691.

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Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was applied as a molecular typing tool for the spirochaete Serpulina hyodysenteriae, the agent of swine dysentery. Analysis of a collection of 40 mainly Australian isolates, previously characterized by other methods, divided these into 23 PFGE types. This confirmed that there are many strains of the spirochaete in Australia. PFGE was more discriminatory for strain typing than both multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and serotyping. It had similar discriminatory power to restriction endonuclease analysis, but the results of PFGE were easier to interpret. Wh
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Vautor, Eric, Corinne Jay, Nicolas Chevalier, Nathalie Visomblin, Guy Vernet, and Michel Pépin. "Characterization of 26 Isolates of Staphylococcus Aureus, Predominantly from Dairy Sheep, Using Four Different Techniques of Molecular Epidemiology." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 17, no. 4 (2005): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700411.

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Little information is available regarding the molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus–induced mastitis in dairy sheep. In this study, 4 different typing techniques were compared in typing 26 S. aureus isolates, predominantly from cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy ewes. The 4 techniques were pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) on 2 genes (coagulase and clumping factor B), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (RAPD-PCR), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). On the basis of discriminatory power as th
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16

Wain, John, Tran T. Hien, Phillippa Connerton, et al. "Molecular Typing of Multiple-Antibiotic-ResistantSalmonella enterica Serovar Typhi from Vietnam: Application to Acute and Relapse Cases of Typhoid Fever." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 8 (1999): 2466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.8.2466-2472.1999.

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The rate of multiple-antibiotic resistance is increasing amongSalmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains in Southeast Asia. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and other typing methods were used to analyze drug-resistant and -susceptible organisms isolated from patients with typhoid fever in several districts in southern Vietnam. Multiple PFGE and phage typing patterns were detected, although individual patients were infected with strains of a single type. The PFGE patterns were stable when the S. entericaserovar Typhi strains were passaged many times in vitro on laboratory medium. Paired S
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Sulakvelidze, Alexander, Merab Kekelidze, Tsaro Gomelauri, et al. "Diphtheria in the Republic of Georgia: Use of Molecular Typing Techniques for Characterization of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Strains." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 10 (1999): 3265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.10.3265-3270.1999.

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Sixty-six Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (62 of the gravis biotype and 4 of the mitis biotype) isolated during the Georgian diphtheria epidemic of 1993 to 1998 and 13 non-GeorgianC. diphtheriae strains (10 Russian and 3 reference isolates) were characterized by (i) biotyping, (ii) toxigenicity testing with the Elek assay and PCR, (iii) the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, and (iv) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Fifteen selected strains were ribotyped. Six RAPD types and 15 PFGE patterns were identified among all strains examined, and 12 ribotypes were found a
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Hänninen, Marja-Liisa, Sini Pajarre, Marja-Liisa Klossner, and Hilpi Rautelin. "Typing of Human Campylobacter jejuniIsolates in Finland by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 6 (1998): 1787–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.6.1787-1789.1998.

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A total of 69 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types were identified among 176 Campylobacter jejuni isolates from Finnish patients. In two geographic areas studied, five predominant PFGE types comprised over 40% of the isolates. One-third of the isolates had unique PFGE types. In small outbreaks, identical PFGE patterns were demonstrated, indicating a common source of infection.
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Deplano, Ariane, Annette Schuermans, Johan Van Eldere, et al. "Multicenter Evaluation of Epidemiological Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains by Repetitive-Element PCR Analysis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 10 (2000): 3527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.10.3527-3533.2000.

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Rapid and efficient epidemiologic typing systems would be useful to monitor transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at both local and interregional levels. To evaluate the intralaboratory performance and interlaboratory reproducibility of three recently developed repeat-element PCR (rep-PCR) methods for the typing of MRSA, 50 MRSA strains characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (SmaI) analysis and epidemiological data were blindly typed by inter-IS256, 16S-23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and MP3 PCR in 12 laboratories in eight countries using standard reag
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Feng, Jia-Li, Jin-Yan Lin, Xiao-Bing Jiang, et al. "Development of an ERIC sequence typing scheme for Laribacter hongkongensis, an emerging pathogen associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and travellers’ diarrhoea." Journal of Medical Microbiology 62, no. 5 (2013): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.049858-0.

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Laribacter hongkongensis is a potential emerging pathogen, associated with community-acquired diarrhoea. For epidemiological purposes, different molecular typing methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing, have been developed for this pathogen. However, these methods require specialized equipment and costly reagents. More importantly, they are labour-intensive and time-consuming, which is not really suitable for foodborne disease outbreak investigations. In this study, we developed a rapid and reliable method using 22-mer primers specific for the e
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Staley, Christopher, and Valerie J. Harwood. "The Use of Genetic Typing Methods to Discriminate Among Strains of Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 5 (2010): 1553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.5.1553.

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Abstract This review article summarizes the findings of recent typing studies conducted on Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. The DNA-based methods used to type the Vibrio spp. include whole genome approaches, such as pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping, and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR, single gene targets, and multiple gene targets (multilocus approaches). The goals of these studies include establishing the relatedness of isolates from disease epidemics, discriminating among strains with more or less potential to cause disease or epidemics
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Akinyemi, Kabiru Olusegun, Werner Philipp, Wolfgang Beyer, and Reinhard Böhm. "Application of phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to analyse Salmonella enterica isolates from a suspected outbreak in Lagos, Nigeria." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 4, no. 12 (2010): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.744.

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Introduction: Inadequate potable water supply and poor sanitation predispose to food- and water-borne diseases associated with Salmonella enterica serovars in developing countries. In this study the possible source of an unprecedented upsurge of Salmonella-associated community gastroenteritis was traced using both phage-typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Methodology: Nineteen Salmonella Typhimurium (three sporadic isolates included) and 13 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from clinical, animal, and environmental samples were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, ph
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FOLEY, STEVEN L., SHABBIR SIMJEE, JIANGHONG MENG, DAVID G. WHITE, PATRICK F. McDERMOTT, and SHAOHUA ZHAO. "Evaluation of Molecular Typing Methods for Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates from Cattle, Food, and Humans." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 4 (2004): 651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.4.651.

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Escherichia coli O157:H7, a Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, has been the causative agent of many cases of severe, often life-threatening foodborne illness. Because of the importance of E. coli O157:H7 to public health, many molecular typing methods have been developed to determine its transmission routes and source of infection during epidemiological investigations. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is currently used by public health organizations to track infections of E. coli O157:H7 and other foodborne pathogens. In this study, we compared the ability of PFGE, multilocus sequence typin
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Ostojić, Maja. "Epidemiologic Genotyping of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 8, no. 3 (2008): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2008.2930.

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čćStaphylococcus aureus has long been recognized as one of the leading cause of hospital infections all over the world. Increased frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients and possibility of vancomycin resistance requires rapid and reliable characterization of isolates and control of MRSA spread in hospitals. Typing of isolates helps to understand pathogenesis and route of the hospital pathogen spread. In this study in the analysis of an outbreak of MRSA infections in one surgical ward, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a method o
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Silbert, Suzane, Michael A. Pfaller, Richard J. Hollis, Afonso L. Barth, and Hélio S. Sader. "Evaluation of Three Molecular Typing Techniques for Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 10 (2004): 847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502307.

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AbstractObjective:To evaluate three different DNA techniques for typing nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli isolated from Latin American hospitals.Design:One hundred twenty-six nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli were typed.Participants:Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n = 64) andAcinetobacter baumannii(n = 42) samples were obtained from blood cultures of patients admitted to 10 medical centers in Latin America during 1998 andStenotrophomonas maltophilia(n = 20) samples were obtained from patients admitted to the Hospital São Paulo between 1999 and 2001.Methods:All samples were typed using automated
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Singh, Samir P., Hugh Salamon, Carol J. Lahti, Mehran Farid-Moyer, and Peter M. Small. "Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Molecular Epidemiologic and Population Genetic Studies ofMycobacterium tuberculosis †." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 6 (1999): 1927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.6.1927-1931.1999.

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Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a powerful molecular biology technique which has provided important insights into the epidemiology and population biology of many pathogens. However, few studies have used PFGE for the molecular epidemiology ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. A laboratory protocol was developed to determine the typeability, stability, and reproducibility of PFGE typing of M. tuberculosis. Formal data-analytical techniques were used to assess the genetic diversity elucidated by PFGE analyses using four separate restriction enzymes and by IS6110 RFLP analyses, as well as to
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Bidet, Philippe, Valérie Lalande, Béatrice Salauze, et al. "Comparison of PCR-Ribotyping, Arbitrarily Primed PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Typing Clostridium difficile." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 7 (2000): 2484–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.7.2484-2487.2000.

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Clostridium difficile is now recognized as the major agent responsible for nosocomial diarrhea in adults. Among the genotyping methods available, arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR), PCR-ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) have been widely used for investigating outbreaks of C. difficileinfections. However, the comparative typing ability, reproducibility, discriminatory power, and efficiency of these methods have not been fully investigated. We compared the results of three methods—AP-PCR with three different primers (AP3, AP4, and AP5), PCR-ribotyping, and PFGE (with SmaI endo
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CHUNG, YUN-HEE, YOUNG-IL KWON, SOO-YOUNG KIM, SHUK-HO KIM, BOK-KWON LEE, and YUN-HEE CHANG. "Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Epidemiological Analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolates in Korea by Phage Typing and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 2 (2004): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.2.264.

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A total of 81 isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis were analyzed by antibiotic susceptibility, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirty-two isolates came from broiler carcasses and pig feces, and 49 isolates were from humans in Seoul and suburbs of Seoul, Korea. Antibiotic resistance was most prevalent among human isolates. Of human isolates, 89.8% were resistant to more than two antibiotics, while 64.7% of poultry isolates and 13.3% of pig isolates showed multiple resistance to more than two antibiotics. The most common phage type (PT) was PT1, followed by PT30 or 33, P
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Saito, Mitsumasa, Akiko Umeda, and Shin-ichi Yoshida. "Subtyping of Haemophilus influenzaeStrains by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 7 (1999): 2142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.7.2142-2147.1999.

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A total of 200 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were analyzed by serotyping, biotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A total of 178 epidemiologically unrelated strains of H. influenzae demonstrated a variety of genome patterns by PFGE, and 165 genotypes were thus obtained in this study. PFGE typing proved to have a much stronger discriminatory power than either serotyping or biotyping. Six serotype b strains were all classified into discrete genotypes. A PFGE analysis of 18 strains obtained from the nasopharynx, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis also
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Dmowska, Katarzyna, Kinga Wieczorek, Orla Lynch, and Jacek Osek. "Typing of Listeria Monocytogenes Isolated from Slaughtered Cattle and Beef Meat." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 57, no. 2 (2013): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2013-0033.

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Abstract A total of 135 L. monocytogenes strains isolated from slaughtered cattle and beef meat were tested by the pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The AscI restriction analysis revealed a genetic heterogeneity among investigated isolates since 31, 9, and 35 profiles were distinguished among hide, carcass, and meat strains, respectively. The PFGE profiles of the isolates were also analysed in relation to serotypes, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance. It was shown that strains displaying the same PFGE type were of the same serotype while correlation between pulsotype and anti
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Zhou, Haijian, Hongyu Ren, Bingqing Zhu, Biao Kan, Jianguo Xu, and Zhujun Shao. "Optimization of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Legionella pneumophila Subtyping." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 5 (2010): 1334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01455-09.

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ABSTRACT A total of 32 strains of Legionella pneumophila were used to optimize pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for subtyping of L. pneumophila. Twenty-six isolates of L. pneumophila with various origins and 11 isolates from five different water systems were used as the panels. For optimization of electrophoretic parameters (EPs) of SfiI PFGE, 26 isolates were analyzed with SfiI digestion, using four EPs yielding the same D value. The EP of a switch time of 5 to 50 s for 21 h had the smallest similarity coefficients and was declared the optimal EP for SfiI PFGE of L. pneumophila. By sof
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Salipante, Stephen J., Dhruba J. SenGupta, Lisa A. Cummings, Tyler A. Land, Daniel R. Hoogestraat, and Brad T. Cookson. "Application of Whole-Genome Sequencing for Bacterial Strain Typing in Molecular Epidemiology." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 4 (2015): 1072–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.03385-14.

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Nosocomial infections pose a significant threat to patient health; however, the gold standard laboratory method for determining bacterial relatedness (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]) remains essentially unchanged 20 years after its introduction. Here, we explored bacterial whole-genome sequencing (WGS) as an alternative approach for molecular strain typing. We compared WGS to PFGE for investigating presumptive outbreaks involving three important pathogens: vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecium(n= 19), methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(n= 17), andAcinetobacter baumannii(n=
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Burucoa, Christophe, Vincent Lhomme, and Jean Louis Fauchere. "Performance Criteria of DNA Fingerprinting Methods for Typing of Helicobacter pylori Isolates: Experimental Results and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 12 (1999): 4071–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.12.4071-4080.1999.

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Typing systems are used to discriminate between isolates ofHelicobacter pylori for epidemiological and clinical purposes. Discriminatory power and typeability are important performance criteria of typing systems. Discriminatory power refers to the ability to differentiate among unrelated isolates; it is quantitatively expressed by the discriminatory index (DI). Typeability refers to the ability of the method to provide an unambiguous result for each isolate analyzed; it is quantitatively expressed by the percentage of typeable isolates. We evaluated the discriminatory power and the typeability
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34

MILLER, T., P. G. BRAUN, K. FEHLHABER, R. PRAGER, Y. PFEIFER, and W. RABSCH. "Typing ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis isolates from 51 outbreaks in Germany between 1974 and 2009 by a novel phage-typing scheme." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 1 (2013): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881300037x.

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SUMMARYWe developed a new phage-typing method and evaluated its application in combination withXbaI macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a useful tool for the long-term epidemiology ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis. In this study, we investigated 1008S.Infantis isolates recovered from humans, various animal species and food products from 1973 to 2009. The typing scheme is based on 17 typing phages, defining 61 different patterns within the strain collection. The experiments showed that phage typing is a reliable method for differentiation of outbreaks an
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YOKOYAMA, EIJI, and MASAKO UCHIMURA. "Variable Number of Tandem Repeats and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Cluster Analysis of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Serovar O157 Strains." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 11 (2007): 2583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.11.2583.

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Ninety-five enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli serovar O157 strains, including 30 strains isolated from 13 intrafamily outbreaks and 14 strains isolated from 3 mass outbreaks, were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) typing, and the resulting data were subjected to cluster analysis. Cluster analysis of the VNTR typing data revealed that 57 (60.0%) of 95 strains, including all epidemiologically linked strains, formed clusters with at least 95% similarity. Cluster analysis of the PFGE patterns revealed that 67 (70.5%) of 95 strains, inc
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36

Shimizu, Akira, Manabu Fujita, Hideo Igarashi, et al. "Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase Type VII Isolates from Staphylococcal Food Poisoning Outbreaks (1980–1995) in Tokyo, Japan, by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 10 (2000): 3746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.10.3746-3749.2000.

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Staphylococcus aureus coagulase type VII strains have been the strains most frequently isolated from staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks in Tokyo, Japan. We applied pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of chromosomal DNA digested withSmaI to characterize 129 coagulase type VII strains. These were isolated from 129 cases occurring in outbreaks in 35 districts during a 16-year period (1980–1995). The 129 outbreak strains were classified into three types, designated A (n = 115), B (n = 10), and C (n = 4). Types A and C were further divided into 33 (A1 to A33) and 4 (C1 to C4) subtypes, res
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37

Zafar, A., M. Stone, S. Ibrahim, et al. "Prevalent genotypes of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: report from Pakistan." Journal of Medical Microbiology 60, no. 1 (2011): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.022707-0.

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Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen in Pakistan and is emerging in the community. This is one of the first reports of the prevalent genotypes of MRSA in both hospital and community settings in Pakistan. Isolates collected in 2006–2007 were characterized by PFGE, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE identified nine pulsotypes, the majority of isolates belonging to pulsotypes A (n=70) and B (n=38), which were predominant among hospital-onset MRSA (HO-MRSA) and community-onset MRSA (CO-MRSA)
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Shabir, Sahida, Katherine J. Hardy, Waseem S. Abbasi, et al. "Epidemiological typing of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Pakistan and India." Journal of Medical Microbiology 59, no. 3 (2010): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.014910-0.

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The levels of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Pakistan and India are known to be high, but few studies have described the epidemiology of the different MRSA clones present. In order to gain an understanding of the epidemiology of MRSA within this region, 60 MRSA isolates from Pakistan (49) and India (11) were genotyped. All isolates were typed using PFGE, staphylococcal interspersed repeat units (SIRUs), a restriction–modification method and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. A subset of isolates that were distinct by PFGE and SIRUs were typed using mu
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Cheng, Tingting, Xiaochao Shi, Wei Yong, Jianping Wang, Guoxiang Xie, and Jie Ding. "Molecular typing of Shigella sonnei isolates circulating in Nanjing, China, 2007–2011." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 12 (2014): 1525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4933.

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Introduction: Shigellosis is a major public health concern worldwide. This study intended to assess the baseline genotyping data among local Shigella sonnei strains spanning over five years. Methodology: Fifty non-repeat clinical strains of S. sonnei isolated from stools of patients in different hospitals in Nanjing, China, were studied. Three subtyping tools, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA), were used for routinely subtyping local S. sonnei. Results: DNA sequencing only identified
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40

Nair, S., C. L. Poh, Y. S. Lim, L. Tay, and K. T. Goh. "Genome fingerprinting of Salmonella typhi by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for subtyping common phage types." Epidemiology and Infection 113, no. 3 (1994): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800068400.

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SUMMARYThe genomic DNA of 39 strains of Salmonella typhi isolated from local residents and patients who had visited countries in the Asian region was analysed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). Pulsed-field gel electrophoretic (PFGE) analysis of Xba I- and Spe I-generated genomic restriction fragments established 22 PFGE types whereas phage typing differentiated the 39 isolates into 9 distinct phage types. This study showed that PFGE is more discriminatory than phage typing as it is capable of subtyping S. typhi strains of the same phage types. Genetic relatedness among the
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Liu, Yudong, Hui Wang, Na Du, et al. "Molecular Evidence for Spread of Two Major Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones with a Unique Geographic Distribution in Chinese Hospitals." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 2 (2008): 512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00804-08.

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ABSTRACT Methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious problem worldwide. To investigate the molecular epidemiology of MRSA isolates in China, a total of 702 MRSA isolates collected from 18 teaching hospitals in 14 cities between 2005 and 2006 were characterized by antibiogram analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and spa typing; and 102 isolates were selected for multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Overall, SCCmec type III was the most popular type and was found in 541 isolates (77.1%), followed
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Aires-de-Sousa, Marta, Carlos E. S. R. Parente, Olney Vieira-da-Motta, Isabel C. F. Bonna, Denise A. Silva, and Herm�nia de Lencastre. "Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Buffalo, Bovine, Ovine, and Caprine Milk Samples Collected in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 12 (2007): 3845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00019-07.

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ABSTRACT Eighty-four staphylococcal isolates were obtained from milk samples from cows, sheep, goats, and buffalo with subclinical mastitis and from colonization samples from ostriches. The animals were hosted in 18 small dairy herds and an ostrich breeding located in 10 municipalities of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thirty isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus by biochemical and molecular techniques and were comparatively characterized by phenotypic and genotypic methods. The molecular characterization by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), spa typing, and multilocus
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VOGEL, BIRTE FONNESBECH, VIVIAN FUSSING, BENTE OJENIYI, LONE GRAM, and PETER AHRENS. "High-Resolution Genotyping of Listeria monocytogenes by Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis Compared to Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis, Ribotyping, and PCR–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 8 (2004): 1656–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.8.1656.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis for the inter- and intraspecies differentiation of a collection of 96 strains of Listeria monocytogenes and 10 non–L. monocytogenes strains representing six other Listeria species of different origin. The AFLP technique was compared with three other molecular typing methods—ribotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)—in terms of discriminatory ability. PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism was included for virulence ge
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44

Alkharsah, Khaled R., Suriya Rehman, Amani Alnimr, Asim Diab, Abbas Hawwari, and Sima Tokajian. "Molecular typing of MRSA isolates by spa and PFGE." Journal of King Saud University - Science 31, no. 4 (2019): 999–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2018.07.018.

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45

Bahnan, Wael, Fuad Hashwa, George Araj, and Sima Tokajian. "emm typing, antibiotic resistance and PFGE analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes in Lebanon." Journal of Medical Microbiology 60, no. 1 (2011): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.023317-0.

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One hundred and three Streptococcus pyogenes isolates recovered mainly from streptococcal throat infections in Lebanon were characterized by emm and PFGE typing. Thirty-three emm types and subtypes were detected among the isolates. PFGE was more discriminatory as a typing method. The prevalent emm types were emm1 (12.6 %), emm22 (8.7 %), emm28 (7.7 %), emm88 (7.7 %) and emm4 (6.8 %) and all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and penicillin G. Ten per cent of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin and 3 % were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, showing the macrolide–lincosamid
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46

Gibson, J. R., C. Fitzgerald, and R. J. Owen. "Comparison of PFGE, ribotyping and phage-typing in the epidemiological analysis ofCampylobacter jejuniserotype HS2 infections." Epidemiology and Infection 115, no. 2 (1995): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800058349.

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SummaryIn this study we have evaluated the ability of three typing methods, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), phage-typing and ribotyping, to discriminate not only between strains of differing serotypes but also between strains within a single serotype, heat stable serotype 2 (HS2). Forty-five isolates derived from cases of campylobacter enteritis occurring in the Cardiff area were examined. These included 18, mostly HS2, strains associated with an outbreak. The typing results for these and a further 39 epidemiologically unrelated strains of serotype HS2 were compared. This is the first
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47

Casini, B., P. Valentini, A. Baggiani, et al. "Comparison of two molecular methods used for subtyping of Legionella pneumophila 1 strains isolated from a hospital water supply." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 3 (2008): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.434.

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The results of the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the sequence-based typing (using the loci flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS and proA) were compared for subtyping of Legionella pneumophila 1 strains isolated from a hospital water supply. Molecular typing was carried out on 61 isolates (38% of the positive samples) selected on space and temporal criteria in order to follow the evolution of the water-system colonization. For all the 61 isolates, the sequence of the amplified mip gene fragment identified Legionella pneumophila strain Wadsworth. Genotype testing by PFGE analysis showed three diff
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48

Cornelius, Angela J., Brent Gilpin, Philip Carter, Carolyn Nicol, and Stephen L. W. On. "Comparison of PCR Binary Typing (P-BIT), a New Approach to Epidemiological Subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni, with Serotyping, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, and Multilocus Sequence Typing Methods." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 5 (2009): 1533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02215-09.

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ABSTRACT To overcome some of the deficiencies with current molecular typing schema for Campylobacter spp., we developed a prototype PCR binary typing (P-BIT) approach. We investigated the distribution of 68 gene targets in 58 Campylobacter jejuni strains, one Campylobacter lari strain, and two Campylobacter coli strains for this purpose. Gene targets were selected on the basis of distribution in multiple genomes or plasmids, and known or putative status as an epidemicity factor. Strains were examined with Penner serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE; using SmaI and KpnI enzymes),
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49

Cereda, Rosangela F., Ana C. Gales, Suzane Silbert, Ronald N. Jones, and Helio S. Sader. "Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus faeciumin Brazil." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 23, no. 1 (2002): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501962.

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AbstractObjectives:To characterize vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) isolates and to evaluate the mode of dissemination of this pathogen in Brazil.Design:We collected 22 vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faeciumisolates from 6 medical centers in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and 1 isolate from a medical center in Curitiba, Brazil.Participants:All Brazilian hospitals that had identified vancomycin-resistantE. faeciumup to the beginning of this study (late 1999) contributed isolates to the study.Methods:The isolates were susceptibility tested using the broth microdilution method and the E-test. The pre
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50

Brossier, Florence, Maïté Micaelo, Charles-Edouard Luyt, et al. "Could the DiversiLab® semi-automated repetitive-sequence-based PCR be an acceptable technique for typing isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa? An answer from our experience and a review of the literature." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61, no. 12 (2015): 903–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2015-0372.

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Recently the DiversiLab® (DL) system (bioMérieux) was developed as an automated platform that uses repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) technology for standardized, reproducible DNA fingerprinting of bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of DL rep-PCR for typing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The performance of DL rep-PCR was compared with that of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in a prospective multicenter study of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa, conducted in 3 intensive care units over a 31-month per
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