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1

Boron, Walter F. "Regulation of intracellular pH." Advances in Physiology Education 28, no. 4 (2004): 160–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00045.2004.

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The approach that most animal cells employ to regulate intracellular pH (pHi) is not too different conceptually from the way a sophisticated system might regulate the temperature of a house. Just as the heat capacity (C) of a house minimizes sudden temperature (T) shifts caused by acute cold and heat loads, the buffering power (β) of a cell minimizes sudden pHi shifts caused by acute acid and alkali loads. However, increasing C (or β) only minimizes T (or pHi) changes; it does not eliminate the changes, return T (or pHi) to normal, or shift steady-state T (or pHi). Whereas a house may have a f
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2

DUNN, JEFF F., and GILLIAN J. WALLEY. "Renal pH regulation in hypertension." Biochemical Society Transactions 19, no. 4 (1991): 421S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst019421s.

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3

Hackam, David J., Sergio Grinstein, and Ori D. Rotstein. "INTRACELLULAR pH REGULATION IN LEUKOCYTES." Shock 5, no. 1 (1996): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-199601000-00005.

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4

Vaughan-Jones, Richard D., Kenneth W. Spitzer, and Pawel Swietach. "Intracellular pH regulation in heart." Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 46, no. 3 (2009): 318–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.10.024.

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5

Lacruz, Rodrigo S., Antonio Nanci, Ira Kurtz, J. Timothy Wright, and Michael L. Paine. "Regulation of pH During Amelogenesis." Calcified Tissue International 86, no. 2 (2009): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00223-009-9326-7.

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6

Flintoft, Louisa. "pH regulation by histone acetylation." Nature Reviews Genetics 14, no. 1 (2012): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg3403.

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7

FELLE, HUBERT H. "pH Regulation in Anoxic Plants." Annals of Botany 96, no. 4 (2005): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci207.

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8

Dashper, S. G., and E. C. Reynolds. "pH Regulation by Streptococcus mutans." Journal of Dental Research 71, no. 5 (1992): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345920710050601.

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9

Chu, Shaoyou, Shin Tanaka, Jonathan D. Kaunitz, and Marshall H. Montrose. "Dynamic regulation of gastric surface pH by luminal pH." Journal of Clinical Investigation 103, no. 5 (1999): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci5217.

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10

Dijkstra, J., J. L. Ellis, E. Kebreab, et al. "Ruminal pH regulation and nutritional consequences of low pH." Animal Feed Science and Technology 172, no. 1-2 (2012): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.005.

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11

Green, J., D. T. Yamaguchi, C. R. Kleeman, and S. Muallem. "Cytosolic pH regulation in osteoblasts. Regulation of anion exchange by intracellular pH and Ca2+ ions." Journal of General Physiology 95, no. 1 (1990): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.95.1.121.

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Measurements of cytosolic pH (pHi) 36Cl fluxes and free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were performed in the clonal osteosarcoma cell line UMR-106 to characterize the kinetic properties of Cl-/HCO3- (OH-) exchange and its regulation by pHi and [Ca2+]i. Suspending cells in Cl(-)-free medium resulted in rapid cytosolic alkalinization from pHi 7.05 to approximately 7.42. Subsequently, the cytosol acidified to pHi 7.31. Extracellular HCO3- increased the rate and extent of cytosolic alkalinization and prevented the secondary acidification. Suspending alkalinized and Cl(-)-depleted cells in
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12

Padan, Etana. "Regulation of NhaA by Protons." Comprehensive Physiology 1, no. 4 (2011): 1711–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2011.tb00383.x.

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AbstractH+, a most common ion, is involved in very many biological processes. However, most proteins have distinct ranges of pH for function; when the H+ concentration in the cells is too high or too low, protons turn into very potent stressors to all cells. Therefore, all living cells are strictly dependent on homeostasis mechanisms that regulate their intracellular pH. Na+/H+ antiporters play primary role in pH homeostatic mechanisms both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Regulation by pH is a property common to these antiporters. They are equipped with a pH sensor to perceive the pH signal and
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13

Wilder, Logan M., Jonathan R. Thompson, and Richard M. Crooks. "Electrochemical pH regulation in droplet microfluidics." Lab on a Chip 22, no. 3 (2022): 632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1lc00952d.

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14

Almomani, Ensaf, Sumanpreet Kaur, R. Alexander, and Emmanuelle Cordat. "Intercalated Cells: More than pH Regulation." Diseases 2, no. 2 (2014): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases2020071.

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15

Felle, Hubert. "Short-term pH regulation in plants." Physiologia Plantarum 74, no. 3 (1988): 583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb02022.x.

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16

Nordström, Tommy, Ori D. Rotstein, Robert Romanek, et al. "Regulation of Cytoplasmic pH in Osteoclasts." Journal of Biological Chemistry 270, no. 5 (1995): 2203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.5.2203.

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17

Balgi, Aruna D., Graham H. Diering, Elizabeth Donohue, et al. "Regulation of mTORC1 Signaling by pH." PLoS ONE 6, no. 6 (2011): e21549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021549.

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18

Wang, Yuxin, and George R. Stark. "A new STAT3 function: pH regulation." Cell Research 28, no. 11 (2018): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41422-018-0098-3.

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19

Cheng, Li-Jing, and Hsueh-Chia Chang. "Microscale pH regulation by splitting water." Biomicrofluidics 5, no. 4 (2011): 046502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3657928.

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20

Vlasova, I. I., J. Arnhold, A. N. Osipov, and O. M. Panasenko. "pH-dependent regulation of myeloperoxidase activity." Biochemistry (Moscow) 71, no. 6 (2006): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297906060113.

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21

Janis, Christine M., James G. Napoli, and Daniel E. Warren. "Palaeophysiology of pH regulation in tetrapods." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1793 (2020): 20190131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0131.

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The involvement of mineralized tissues in acid–base homeostasis was likely important in the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates. Extant reptiles encounter hypercapnia when submerged in water, but early tetrapods may have experienced hypercapnia on land due to their inefficient mode of lung ventilation (likely buccal pumping, as in extant amphibians). Extant amphibians rely on cutaneous carbon dioxide elimination on land, but early tetrapods were considerably larger forms, with an unfavourable surface area to volume ratio for such activity, and evidence of a thick integument. Consequently, the
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22

BONANNO, JOSEPH A. "Regulation of Corneal Epithelial Intracellular pH." Optometry and Vision Science 68, no. 9 (1991): 682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199109000-00002.

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23

Ehrenfeld, J., I. Lacoste, and B. Harvey. "pH Regulation in frog skin epithelium." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 90, no. 4 (1988): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(88)90706-2.

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24

Aickin, C. C. "Intracellular pH Regulation by Vertebrate Muscle." Annual Review of Physiology 48, no. 1 (1986): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.48.030186.002025.

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25

Boron, W. F. "Intracellular pH Regulation in Epithelial Cells." Annual Review of Physiology 48, no. 1 (1986): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.48.030186.002113.

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26

JUEL, C. "Muscle pH regulation: role of training." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 162, no. 3 (1998): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-201x.1998.0305f.x.

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27

Vandenberg, J. I., N. D. Carter, H. W. Bethell, et al. "Carbonic anhydrase and cardiac pH regulation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 271, no. 6 (1996): C1838—C1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.6.c1838.

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Membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (CA) has recently been identified in mammalian cardiac tissue. In this study, we have investigated the histochemical location and functional role of CA in the ferret heart. Heart sections stained by a modified Hansson's technique showed CA to be located on capillary endothelial membranes as well as on sarcolemmal membranes. In the Langendorff-perfused heart, washout of CO2 brought about by switching perfusion between 25 mM HCO3(-)-5% CO2-buffered solution and nominally HCO3(-)-CO2-free solution caused a transient rise in intracellular pH (pHi) measured by the
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28

Juel, C. "Regulation of Muscle pH after Activity." Clinical Science 87, s1 (1994): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs087s056a.

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29

Knepper, M. A., M. B. Burg, J. Orloff, R. W. Berliner, and F. C. Rector. "Ammonium, urea, and systemic pH regulation." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 253, no. 1 (1987): F199—F202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1987.253.1.f199.

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30

Booth, I. R. "Regulation of cytoplasmic pH in bacteria." Microbiological Reviews 49, no. 4 (1985): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.49.4.359-378.1985.

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31

Booth, I. R. "Regulation of cytoplasmic pH in bacteria." Microbiological Reviews 49, no. 4 (1985): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mr.49.4.359-378.1985.

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32

Bevans, Carville G., and Andrew L. Harris. "Regulation of Connexin Channels by pH." Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, no. 6 (1999): 3711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.6.3711.

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33

Ishida, Yoichi, Smita Nayak, Joseph A. Mindell, and Michael Grabe. "A model of lysosomal pH regulation." Journal of General Physiology 141, no. 6 (2013): 705–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201210930.

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Lysosomes must maintain an acidic luminal pH to activate hydrolytic enzymes and degrade internalized macromolecules. Acidification requires the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase to pump protons into the lumen and a counterion flux to neutralize the membrane potential created by proton accumulation. Early experiments suggested that the counterion was chloride, and more recently a pathway consistent with the ClC-7 Cl–/H+ antiporter was identified. However, reports that the steady-state luminal pH is unaffected in ClC-7 knockout mice raise questions regarding the identity of the carrier and the counterion.
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34

Yamashiro, Darrell J., and Frederick R. Maxfield. "Regulation of endocytic processes by pH." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 9, no. 6 (1988): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(88)90078-8.

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35

Arst, Herbert N., and Miguel A. Peñalva. "Recognizing gene regulation by ambient pH." Fungal Genetics and Biology 40, no. 1 (2003): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1087-1845(03)00077-x.

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36

Kathagen, Nadine, and Peter Prehm. "Regulation of intracellular pH by glycosaminoglycans." Journal of Cellular Physiology 228, no. 10 (2013): 2071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.24376.

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37

FitzHarris, Greg, and Jay M. Baltz. "Regulation of intracellular pH during oocyte growth and maturation in mammals." REPRODUCTION 138, no. 4 (2009): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0112.

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Regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) is a fundamental homeostatic process essential for the survival and proliferation of virtually all cell types. The mammalian preimplantation embryo, for example, possesses Na+/H+and HCO3−/Cl−exchangers that robustly regulate against acidosis and alkalosis respectively. Inhibition of these transporters prevents pH corrections and, perhaps unsurprisingly, leads to impaired embryogenesis. However, recent studies have revealed that the role and regulation of pHiis somewhat more complex in the case of the developing and maturing oocyte. Small meiotically incompe
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38

Grabe, Michael, and George Oster. "Regulation of Organelle Acidity." Journal of General Physiology 117, no. 4 (2001): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.117.4.329.

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Intracellular organelles have characteristic pH ranges that are set and maintained by a balance between ion pumps, leaks, and internal ionic equilibria. Previously, a thermodynamic study by Rybak et al. (Rybak, S., F. Lanni, and R. Murphy. 1997. Biophys. J. 73:674–687) identified the key elements involved in pH regulation; however, recent experiments show that cellular compartments are not in thermodynamic equilibrium. We present here a nonequilibrium model of lumenal acidification based on the interplay of ion pumps and channels, the physical properties of the lumenal matrix, and the organell
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39

Peral, MJ, ML Calonge, and AA Ilundain. "Intracellular pH regulation in chicken enterocytes: the importance of extracellular pH." Experimental Physiology 80, no. 6 (1995): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.1995.sp003897.

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40

PUTNAM, ROBERT W. "Down-Regulation of pH-Regulating Transport Systems in BC3H-1 Cells." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 574, no. 1 Bicarbonate, (1989): 354–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb25170.x.

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41

Jensen, P. E. "Regulation of antigen presentation by acidic pH." Journal of Experimental Medicine 171, no. 5 (1990): 1779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.171.5.1779.

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The effect of pH on functional association of peptide antigens with APC membranes was investigated by using aldehyde-fixed B cells and class II-restricted T cell hybridomas to assess antigen/MHC complex formation. The results indicated that the rate and extent of functional peptide binding was markedly increased at pH 5.0 as compared with pH 7.3. The pH dependence of binding was preserved after pretreatment of fixed APC with pH 5.0 buffer, suggesting that pH had a direct effect on the interaction of peptide with the APC membrane. Similar results were obtained by using several peptides and I-Ad
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42

Boutilier, Robert G., and Ralph A. Ferguson. "Nucleated red cell function: metabolism and pH regulation." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 12 (1989): 2986–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-421.

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The full extent and apportionment of aerobic and anaerobic contributions to energy transduction for membrane pumps associated with cellular pH regulation are very poorly understood. One way of approaching this problem at the cellular level is by using the nucleated erythrocyte as a model cell. Indeed, the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of salmonid erythrocytes and their β-adrenergic mediated pH regulation offers a model "pH regulating system" for examining cellular strategies of response to acute and (or) chronic changes in oxygen availability. Much of our work has focused on the balance betwe
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43

J. Reshkin, Stephan, Rosa A. Cardone, and Salvador Harguindey. "Na+-H+ Exchanger, pH Regulation and Cancer." Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery 8, no. 1 (2012): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574892811308010085.

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44

Kaunitz, Jonathan, and Yasutada Akiba. "Regulation of extracellular pH by purinergic signalling." Physiology News, Winter 2009 (January 1, 2010): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36866/pn.77.22.

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45

Clausen, Torben. "Potassium and Sodium Transport and pH Regulation." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, S1 (1992): S219—S222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-265.

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The excitatory and metabolic events in nervous tissue lead to localized increases in extracellular potassium (K+) and intracellular hydrogen (H+) and calcium (Ca2+) ion concentrations. Even more pronounced increases are seen under pathological conditions and may interfere with the maintenance of cellular function and structure. Most presentations on the second day focussed on these processes and the mechanisms for the clearance of K+, H+, and Ca2+ from intra- or extra-cellular compartments. The essential role of glial cells was a returning theme. Extracellular K+ is transported into cells by t
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46

Simchowitz, L., and A. Roos. "Regulation of intracellular pH in human neutrophils." Journal of General Physiology 85, no. 3 (1985): 443–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.85.3.443.

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The intracellular pH (pHi) of isolated human peripheral blood neutrophils was measured from the fluorescence of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-CF) and from the equilibrium distribution of [14C]5,5-dimethyloxazolidine -2,4-dione (DMO). At an extracellular pH (pHo) of 7.40 in nominally CO2-free medium, the steady state pHi using either indicator was approximately 7.25. When pHo was suddenly raised from 7.40 to 8.40 in the nominal absence of CO2, pHi slowly rose by approximately 0.35 during the subsequent hour. A change of similar magnitude in the opposite direction occurred when pHo was reduced to 6.40
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47

Dale, B., Y. Menezo, J. Cohen, L. DiMatteo, and M. Wilding. "Intracellular pH regulation in the human oocyte." Human Reproduction 13, no. 4 (1998): 964–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/13.4.964.

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48

Phillips, K. P. "Intracellular pH regulation in human preimplantation embryos." Human Reproduction 15, no. 4 (2000): 896–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.4.896.

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49

Prasad, Hari, and Rajini Rao. "Histone deacetylase–mediated regulation of endolysosomal pH." Journal of Biological Chemistry 293, no. 18 (2018): 6721–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra118.002025.

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50

Shartau, Ryan B., Daniel W. Baker, Dane A. Crossley, and Colin J. Brauner. "Preferential intracellular pH regulation: hypotheses and perspectives." Journal of Experimental Biology 219, no. 15 (2016): 2235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.126631.

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