Relevant bibliographies by topics / Phaethornis – Habitat – Costa Rica

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Academic literature on the topic 'Phaethornis – Habitat – Costa Rica'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Phaethornis – Habitat – Costa Rica"

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Snow, Barbara K. "COMPARISON OF THE LEKS OF GUY'S HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD PHAETHORNIS GUY IN COSTA RICA AND TRINIDAD." Ibis 119, no. 2 (April 3, 2008): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1977.tb03543.x.

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Harger, Margaret, and David Lyon. "FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF LEK BEHAVIOUR OF THE GREEN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD PHAETHORNIS GUY AT MONTEVERDE, COSTA RICA." Ibis 122, no. 4 (April 3, 2008): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1980.tb00911.x.

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RIFKIND, JACQUES. "New Central American and Mexican Enoclerus Gahan (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Clerinae): Part II." Zootaxa 3397, no. 1 (July 24, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3397.1.1.

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The following nineteen new species are described: Enoclerus anctus, E. hespenheidei and E. citricornis from Costa Rica;E. boquete and E. opitzi from Panamá; E. skillmani, E. melissae and E. urbanus from Costa Rica and Panamá; E. mcnallyi,E. fibrillatus, E. toledoi, E. boblloydi, E. chamelae, E. mocho, E. albidulus and E. crinitus from México; E. gilli and E.regnadkcin from Guatemala; E. cavei from El Salvador. In addition, E. silbermannii aeternitatis n. subsp. is describedfrom El Salvador and Costa Rica. The biogeography of the genus in México and Costa Rica is discussed, based on life zone and habitat records for 95 species.
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Herrera, Bernal Rodríguez, Federico Chinchilla Miranda, and Laura J. May Collado. "Lista de especies, endemismo y conservación de los mamíferos de Costa Rica." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2002.6.1.104.

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Abstract: The geographical position of Costa Rica has historically played an important role in the composition and diversity of our mammalian fauna, consisting of species originating both in the Neartic and Neotropical regions. Based on published data, new descriptions and reports, we here present an updated list of all terrestrial and aquatic Costa Rican mammals. We summarize available information on their status, and present our concerns regarding those species with populations under alarming conditions. The mammalian fauna of Costa Rica is mainly Neotropical. A total of 238 species, grouped in 140 genera and 44 families, were documented. The order Chiroptera is the most diverse, followed by Rodentia, Cetacea, and Carnivora. About 7% of the species are endemic to Costa Rica (or Costa Rica-Nicaragua, Costa Rica-Panamá). Unfortunately, despite of all the efforts to protect our fauna and flora, threat to Costa Rican mammals is increasing, and a number of species have gone, and are going extinct. As in most other areas, habitat loss, both in terrestrial and coastal ecosystems, poses the greatest threat to mammalian diversity of Costa Rica. Other factors, such as poaching, inappropriate gear used in fisheries, and other human exploitation are also threatening mammal populations in Costa Rica. Future conservation efforts should focus on more detailed conservation and management strategies, particularly of large mammals (e.g. monkeys, felids).Key words: Costa Rica, species richness, mammals, conservation, endemism.
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Sáenz, Rocio, Richard A. Bissell, and Francisco Paniagua. "Post-Disaster Malaria in Costa Rica." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 10, no. 3 (September 1995): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00041935.

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AbstractIntroduction:In recent years, controversy has surrounded the issue of whether infectious disease should be considered a serious potential consequence of natural disasters. This article contributes to this debate with evidence of a significant outbreak of malaria in Costa Rica's Atlantic region after the 1991 earthquake and subsequent floods.Methods:This study is an epidemiologic investigation of the incidence of malaria for the periods of 22 months before the April 1991 Limon earthquake and for 13 months afterward. Data were obtained from the Costa Rican Ministry of Health's malaria control program.Results:Some of the cantons in the region experienced increases in the incidence of malaria as high as 1,600% and 4,700% above the average monthly rate for the pre-earthquake period (p ≤0.01). Causal mechanisms are postulated as relating to changes in human behavior (increased exposure to mosquitoes while sleeping outside, and a temporary pause in malaria control activities), changes in the habitat that were beneficial to mosquito breeding (landslide deforestation, river damming, and rerouting), and the floods of August 1991.Conclusions:It is recommended that there be enhanced awareness of the potential consequences of disaster-wrought environmental changes.Date of Event: 22 April 1991; Type: Earthquake, 7.4 Richter scale; Location: Costa Rica; Number of deaths and casualties: 54 deaths and 505 moderate to severe injuries.
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Reid, J. Leighton, J. Berton C. Harris, and Rakan A. Zahawi. "Avian Habitat Preference in Tropical Forest Restoration in Southern Costa Rica." Biotropica 44, no. 3 (September 26, 2011): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2011.00814.x.

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Hamm, Christopher A. "What pollinatesLantana camarain the mountains of Costa Rica?" Journal of Tropical Ecology 28, no. 3 (April 12, 2012): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467412000053.

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Lantana camaraL. (Verbenaceae) is a shrub of Neotropical origin that has spread to at least 60 countries (Dayet al. 2003), and its ability to rapidly occupy disturbed habitat has led to it being named one of the ten worst weeds on the planet (Cronk & Fuller 1995, Sharmaet al. 2005). A number of traits may have contributed to its success as an invasive species. For example,L. camaraincreases the available soil nitrogen in otherwise nitrogen-poor ecosystems (Sharma & Raghubanshi 2009), it is extremely resilient to disturbance (Gentle & Guggin 1997a, Hiremath & Sundram 2005), it is allelopathic to native plants (Achhireddy & Singh 1984, Gentle & Duggin 1997b) and its fruits are dispersed by a variety of birds (Mandon-Dalgeret al. 2004, Swarbricket al. 1998). A potentially unappreciated aspect ofL. camarabiology that may also contribute to its invasiveness relates to pollination ecology.
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Moran, Matthew D., Allison Monroe, and Lindsay Stallcup. "A proposal for practical and effective biological corridors to connect protected areas in northwest Costa Rica." Nature Conservation 36 (September 12, 2019): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.36.27430.

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Habitat loss and increases in habitat isolation are causing animal population reductions and extirpations in forested areas of the world. This problem extends to protected areas, which, while often well-conserved, can be too small and isolated to maintain species that exist at low densities and require large contiguous areas of habitat (e.g. some large mammals). Costa Rica has been at the forefront of tropical forest conservation and a large proportion of the country’s land area is currently under some form of protection. One such area is the northwest portion of Costa Rica, which is an extremely biodiverse region with several noteworthy national and privately-owned protected areas. However, each protected area is an isolated island in a sea of deforestation. Within Costa Rica’s existing framework of biological corridors, we propose four sub-corridors as targets for restoration and full protection. These sub-corridors would link five major protected areas in northwest Costa Rica, with all of them linking to larger protected areas in the central portion of the country, while impacting a small number of people who reside within the corridors. After natural or active reforestation of the corridors, the result would be a contiguous protected area of 348,000 ha. The proposed sub-corridors would represent a 3.7% increase in protected area size in the region and only 0.2% of Costa Rica’s total land area. Using the jaguar (Panthera onca) as a model umbrella species, we estimated that each current isolated protected area could support between 8–104 individuals. Assuming lack of dispersal between protected areas (distance between each ranges from 8.1 to 24.9 km), these population sizes are unlikely to be viable in the long term. However, the combined protected areas, connected by biological sub-corridors, could support about 250 jaguars, a population size with a higher probability of surviving. Our study shows that focusing conservation efforts on a relatively small area of Costa Rica could create a large protected area derived from numerous small isolated preserves.
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Boinski, Sue, Katharine Jack, Craig Lamarsh, and Jessica A. Coltrane. "Squirrel monkeys in Costa Rica: drifting to extinction." Oryx 32, no. 1 (January 1998): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.00017.x.

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Central American squirrel monkeys Saimiri oerstedii are limited to Costa Rica and Panama, and have never been abundant. The Costa Rican population is now decimated. Based on our survey of squirrel monkeys throughout a large portion of the Costa Rican range of this species in 1996, we can confirm that at least 1246 squirrel monkeys remain in 26 spatially dispersed localities. Despite probable undercounts of squirrel monkeys within sites and potentially missed localities, the total population size should be considered far below a size that would provide longterm genetic viability. Deforestation and habitat fragmentation spurred by agricultural and tourism development are the familiar culprits contributing to this decline. Our strong recommendation is that future conservation efforts be targeted at the level of each specific locality, perhaps recruiting local, national and international sponsors. A focused strategy would allow management efforts to be tailored to the circumstances specific to each site and thus allocate scarce resources more efficiently.
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WRIGHT, TIMOTHY F., THOMAS C. LEWIS, MARTÍN LEZAMA-LÓPEZ, GRACE SMITH-VIDAURRE, and CHRISTINE R. DAHLIN. "Yellow-naped AmazonAmazona auropalliatapopulations are markedly low and rapidly declining in Costa Rica and Nicaragua." Bird Conservation International 29, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270918000114.

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SummaryAccurate assessments of population sizes and trends are fundamental for effective species conservation, particularly for social and long-lived species in which low reproductive rates, aging demographic structure and Allee effects could interact to drive rapid population declines. In the parrots (Order Psittaciformes) these life history characteristics have combined with habitat loss and capture for the pet trade to lead to widespread endangerment, with over 40% of species classified under some level of threat. Here we report the results of a population survey of one such species, the Yellow-naped Amazon,Amazona auropalliata, that is classified as ‘Endangered’ on the IUCN Red List. We conducted a comprehensive survey in June and July of 2016 of 44 night roosts of the populations in contiguous Pacific lowlands of northern Costa Rica and southern Nicaragua and compared numbers in Costa Rica to those found in a similar survey conducted in June 2005. In 2016 we counted 990 birds across 25 sites surveyed in Costa Rica and 692 birds across 19 sites surveyed in Nicaragua for a total population estimate of only 1,682 birds. Comparisons of 13 sites surveyed in both 2005 and 2016 in Costa Rica showed a strong and statistically significant decline in population numbers over the 11-year period. Assessment of group sizes approaching or leaving roosts indicated that less than 25% of groups consisted of three or more birds; there was a significantly higher proportion of these putative family groups observed in Nicaragua than Costa Rica. Taken together, these results are cause for substantial concern for the health of this species in a region that has previously been considered its stronghold, and suggest that stronger conservation action should be undertaken to protect remaining populations from capture for the pet trade and loss of key habitat.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phaethornis – Habitat – Costa Rica"

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Guindon, Carlos F. "Protection of habitat critical to the resplendent quetzal, Pharomachrus mocinno, on private land bordering the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539730.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential for protecting critical resplendent quetzal habitat on private lands bordering the south-western edge of the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica. First, a habitat analysis was made of 12 forest patches using a 10% strip method to obtain an importance value for the Lauraceae fed on by the resplendent quetzal. Second, a landowner survey was conducted using a structured interview questionnaire to determine landowner attitudes, and the possible factors influencing these attitudes, towards forested land, wildlife, the resplendent quetzal and potential habitat protection incentives. Significant differences were found between forest patch importance values for the Lauraceae suggesting that for conservation purposes careful forest patch selection is important. Most landowners were found to value their forested land more than their land under other uses and to favor technical forest management assistance over leasing. If funding can be made available there is a good chance that resplendent quetzal habitat can be adequately protected and managed through providing assistance to those landowners with the most critical forest patches.
Department of Natural Resources
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Znajda, Sandra K. "Habitat conservation, avian diversity, and coffee agrosystems in southern Costa Rica." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0005/MQ59551.pdf.

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Wasko, Dennis Keith. "Spatial and Feeding Ecology of the Fer-de-Lance (Bothrops asper) in Costa Rica." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/206.

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Understanding the ways in which animals utilize space and obtain food are central themes in modern ecology. Formulating broad principles and elucidating the factors explaining such patterns are limited, however, by the availability of data from a broad range of species and systems. This problem especially true of snakes, a predator group about which even the most basic natural history data are often entirely lacking, even among abundant, widespread, and ecologically-important species. I studied the natural history and ecosystem role of one such species, the fer-de-lance (Bothrops asper) in lowland rainforest in Costa Rica. B. asper is a large, cryptic pitviper that is highly abundant in many Central American ecosystems and is strongly relevant to human health due to high incidence of snakebite, yet its biology under natural conditions is almost entirely undocumented. I used radiotelemetry to quantify home range, movement patterns, habitat usage, and foraging behavior. B. asper was found to have smaller home ranges and reduced movement patterns than similarly-sized temperate pitvipers, likely due to a greater reliance upon ambush foraging in patches of high prey density. Snakes also demonstrated strong selection for swamp habitat, which may reflect efforts to exploit frogs as a primary food source due to low availability of small mammals at the study site. I subsequently addressed the trophic status of this B. asper population using a supplemental-feeding experiment. In comparison to control snakes, individuals receiving supplemental food had smaller home ranges, shorter and less frequent movements, increased mass acquisition, and shifted to primarily forest rather than swamp habitat. These results support the suggestion that B. asper at the study site are strongly food-limited. Finally, I tested the hypothesis that fer-de-lance mediate local seed-predation rates by influencing habitat usage and foraging behavior of rodents. A series of behavioral experiments conflicted with many existing studies in failing to support this idea, as three rodent species demonstrated little snake avoidance, and none of likely ecological relevance. Collectively, this dissertation represents the first comprehensive field study of Bothrops asper and is among the first for any tropical snake, and suggests several avenues for future research.
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Skrinyer, Andrew John. "Living on the Edge: An Assessment of Habitat Disturbance and Primate Use on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1461276332.

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González-Andrés, Cristina. "The role of marine offshore protected areas in protecting large pelagics. Practical case: Cocos Island National Park (Costa Rica)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/115291.

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Justus, Savannah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAND USE, HABITAT, AND AQUATIC BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN TROPICAL MONTANE FORESTS." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1494951681726141.

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Maccachero, Vivian C. "Treefrogs in Forested Swamps at the La Selva Biological Station: Assemblage Variation through Space and Time." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/487.

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Swamp-breeding treefrogs form conspicuous components of many tropical forest sites, yet remain largely understudied. The La Selva Biological Station, a rainforest reserve in Costa Rica, harbors a rich swamp-breeding treefrog fauna that has been studied in only one of the many swamps found at the site. To understand if the species composition of treefrogs at La Selva varies over space or time, frogs were censused in 1982-83, 1994-95, 2005 and 2011 at two ponds located in the reserve. Data on treefrog habitat utilization were also collected. Species composition varied spatially only in 2011. Temporal variation was observed at both ponds for all groups tested. Habitat use varied among species and between swamps. The pattern of variation suggests that temporally dynamic systems such as temporary Neotropical forest swamps will converge and diverge in species composition over time.
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Stangler, Eva [Verfasser], and Ingolf [Gutachter] Steffan-Dewenter. "Effects of habitat fragmentation on trap-nesting bees, wasps and their natural enemies in small secondary rainforest fragments in Costa Rica / Eva Stangler ; Gutachter: Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1128074370/34.

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Vice, President Research Office of the. "A Fine Balance." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9513.

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Hadley, Adam S. "Independent effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on pollination : tropical forest fragmentation alters hummingbird movements and pollination dynamics." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33775.

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A growing body of work reveals that animal-mediated pollination is negatively affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Landscape-scale disturbance results in two often inter-related processes: (1) habitat loss, and (2) disruptions of habitat configuration (i.e. fragmentation). Understanding the relative effects of such processes is critical in designing effective management strategies to limit pollination and pollinator decline. I reviewed existing published work from 1989 to 2009 and found that only six of 303 studies separated the effects of habitat loss from fragmentation. I provide a synthesis of the current landscape, behavioral, and pollination ecology literature in order to present preliminary multiple working hypotheses to explain how these two landscape processes might independently influence pollination dynamics (Chapter 2). Despite the potential importance of independent effects of habitat fragmentation, effects on pollination remain largely untested. Studies designed to disentangle the independent effects of habitat loss and fragmentation are essential for gaining insight into landscape-mediated pollination declines. I also found that the field of landscape pollination ecology could benefit from quantification of the matrix, landscape functional connectivity, and pollinator movement behavior. To test the hypothesis that pollinator movement can be influenced by landscape configuration, I translocated radio-tagged hummingbirds across agricultural and forested landscapes near Las Cruces, Costa Rica (Chapter 3). I found return paths were on average more direct in forested than in agricultural landscapes. In addition, movement paths chosen in agricultural landscapes were more forested than the most direct route suggesting that hummingbirds avoided crossing open areas when possible. To determine if differences in pollinator movement translated to differences in plant reproduction, I tested the relative importance of landscape composition versus configuration on the reproductive success of Heliconia tortuosa, a hummingbird-pollinated forest herb (Chapter 4). I used a stratified random sampling design to select sites across orthogonal gradients in patch size, amount of forest, and elevation. I tested four landscape change hypotheses (i.e., local, landscape composition, landscape fragmentation, and fragmentation threshold). I found that Heliconia reproduction supported both the local site and landscape fragmentation hypotheses. Seed set increased with increasing forest patch size independent of amount of forest in the surrounding landscape. I also found that increasing patch size positively influenced the relative abundance of pollinators. The observed differences in seed set likely resulted from differences in hummingbird movements (Chapter 3) and/or abundance under different landscape configurations.
Graduation date: 2013
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Book chapters on the topic "Phaethornis – Habitat – Costa Rica"

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Veech, Joseph A. "Types of Data and the General Framework of Analysis." In Habitat Ecology and Analysis, 83–88. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829287.003.0005.

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For most habitat analyses, researchers typically collect and examine environmental data from the landscape scale (a few square kilometers to hundreds of square kilometers) all the way down to the scale of a microhabitat (tens of square meters). At the larger spatial extents, the data may be GIS-based such as spatially referenced land cover data. At smaller spatial scales, the data may be collected (variables measured) in the field at the study sites. Data for a habitat analysis are often based on randomly located and spatially delineated sampling or survey plots. The environmental data compose a set of a few to tens of predictor variables that are used in statistical tests for a relationship with the response variable that is typically species presence–absence, abundance (counts of individuals), or activity level. Depending on the spatial scale of analysis, predictor variables could represent different environmental variables such as vegetation structure, soil properties, and other characteristics of the substrate. Climate and weather variables are environmental, but they are not considered to be characteristics of the habitat. The formal habitat analysis consists of testing for a statistical relationship between the response variable and one or more environmental predictor variables so as to identify those variables that truly are habitat characteristics. A study of the habitat of the brown-throated sloth in Costa Rica is used to further explain the type of data used in characterizing the habitat of a species.
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Timm, Robert M., and Richard K. LaVal. "Mammals." In Monteverde. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095609.003.0013.

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Costa Rica is one of the most biotically diverse countries on earth, with 4% of known terrestrial plant and animal species in only 0.04% of the world’s land surface. The country’s mammal fauna is equally diverse, with more than 207 species (4.8% of the world’s 4629 species) in an area of 51,022 km2. The majority of the world’s mammal species and Monteverde’s fauna are small (< 0.5 kg), nocturnal, and secretive. We know considerably less about most neotropical mammals and other vertebrates than we do about birds, which are more easily observed and communicate with sounds audible to humans. Although certain species of mammals have been studied in Costa Rica (Janzen 1983a, Timm 1994, Vaughan and Rodríguez 1994), and Monteverde is one of the best-known regions of the country biologically, there has been little work on the ecology, distribution, abundance, altitudinal zonation, systematic relationships, and biogeography of most mammals. Deforestation and other human disturbances have had a significant impact on the native mammals of the region; knowledge of Monteverde’s mammals is vital to understand how habitat changes affect tropical montane mammals. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the mammal fauna of the Monteverde area. We discuss the biology and abundance of some of the area’s species, document how these are changing, and explore conservation issues. Most of the research on mammals at Monteverde has centered on bats or rodents, the two most diverse groups. Much of our knowledge of other species consists of isolated observations. We augment published reports with unpublished observations made by ourselves and colleagues. We also examined most of the Monteverde mammal specimens in museum collections to verify species identifications and to understand better their systematics, ecology, and distribution. We integrate this information into a list of the mammals that occur in the region, document their occurrence in each life zone, and estimate their overall abundance.
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