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1

Bianchi, Robert S., and Viviane Koenig. "Pyramides et Pharaons." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 23 (1986): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40001104.

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AVDEEV, ALEXANDER. "THE RUSSIAN FOLK “EGYPTOLOGY”." Культурный код, no. 2024-1 (2024): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2024-1-120-134.

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The paper deals with Russian folk legends about “pharaohs” - mythical creatures with a human torso and a fish tail, who inhabited the water element. The legends reflected the oldest layer of folk knowledge about the ancient Egyptian history. These ideas go back to the biblical story about Pharaoh's army that drowned in the Red Sea during the exodus of the Jews from Egypt. In Old Russia, the title “Pharaoh” became a symbol of a proud and wicked ruler. The legend about the mythical water people was first recorded by Vasily Poznyakov, who travelled to Egypt in 1558. At the end of the 16th century, his story was used by Trifon Korobeynikov, who was on a pilgrimage to the East. Thanks to this work, “pharaohs” and “pharaonic women” were formed as negative characters of the Christian legend and in the 18th - 19th centuries were firmly incorporated into Russian folklore, while the image of the mythical people itself received an eschatological sound. Images of these creatures became one of the motifs of folk decorative art in Nizhny Novgorod province and neighboring counties of Kostroma province. It had a negative meaning, which derived from the “negativity” of the Old Testament character of the same name and was projected onto one of the repulsive features of the local character.
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3

Chaliand, Gérard, and Jean-Pierre Rageau. "Géopolitique des empires. Des pharaons à l'imperium américain." Politique étrangère Automne, no. 3 (2010): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pe.103.0674.

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4

Jacob-Duvernet, Claude. "Cusae et sa région au temps des Pharaons." École pratique des hautes études, Section des sciences religieuses 111, no. 107 (1998): 539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ephe.1998.12968.

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5

Ahmed Moustafy Ibrahim, Amira. "L’orientalisme et le goût pour le pays des pharaons." مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانیة 85, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): 859–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/fjhj.2017.169010.

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6

Bruwier, Marie-Cécile. "Pharaons noirs. Sur la Piste des Quarante Jours 9 mars - 2 septembre." Les cahiers de Mariemont 37, no. 1 (2008): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/camar.2008.1319.

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7

Attia, Walaa Sobhi Taha Ali. "Le Mariage au temps des pharaons dans Quelques œuvres romanesques de CHRISTIAN JACQ." مجلة بحوث کلیة الآداب . جامعة المنوفیة 30, no. 119 (October 1, 2019): 2449–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/sjam.2019.128604.

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8

Tristant, Yann. "Le delta du Nil avant les pharaons. Entre originalités locales et influences étrangères." Archéo-Nil. Revue de la société pour l'étude des cultures prépharaoniques de la vallée du Nil 15, no. 1 (2005): 75–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arnil.2005.899.

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9

Awaluddin, Raisa Zuhra Salsabila, and Lukmanul Hakim. "Mumi Fir’aun dalam al-Qur’an: Studi QS. Yunus [10]:92 Perspektif Tafsir Al-Mishbah." Studia Quranika 8, no. 1 (September 4, 2023): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/studiquran.v8i1.9346.

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This study alludes to the story of the discovery of the Pharaoh's mummy as informed in the Qur'an. The discovery of Pharaoh's mummy can be investigated in modern discoveries or research, as was done by Maurice Buceille who found traces of salt in Pharaoh's mummy. Before research on Pharaoh's mummies, archaeologist Loret made the initial finding of this mummy. Elliot Smith then carried out research and discovered Pharaoh's body, which was still intact. Pharaoh indeed perished in the sea. This work poses the topic of how to interpret Quraish Shihab's view of the Qur'anic tale and how to explain it. Yunus [10]: 92, How accurate is Maurice Buceille's account of finding a mummy of a Pharaoh and converting to Islam as a result? This paper examines library research, using qualitative methods. The goal of this study is to highlight the opinions of Quraish Shihab in Al-interpretation Mishbah as an Indonesian interpreter who provides in-depth explanations of the pharaoh's mummy that were discovered after centuries. As well as explaining the inspiring story that converted to Islam after his research on the mummy of the Pharaoh named Maurice Bucaille which is also presented in Tafsir Al-Mishbah.
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Moussa, Sarga. "Les pharaons au musée : le regard des voyageurs français en Égypte à la fin du xixe siècle." Romantisme 173, no. 3 (2016): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rom.173.0098.

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11

Atzmon, Arnon. "Did Pharaoh Repent? On the Development and Transformation of an Aggadic Motif." European Journal of Jewish Studies 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1872471x-11311060.

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Abstract This article focuses on the shifts in the portrayal of Pharaoh in aggadic midrashic compositions, mostly those connected with Exodus 13:17. Tannaitic Midrashim from the Roman period create the motif of “Pharaoh’s repentance.” Aggadic Midrashim from the Byzantine period reject, in turn, this motif. At the end of the Byzantine period, perhaps influenced by the Islamic reading of the biblical Pharaoh, the motif of “Pharaoh’s repentance” returns to the fore and even enjoys some literary development. The dynamic changes that these interpretations underwent reflect shifts in the internal spiritual life of the sages and in their interchanges with the surrounding cultures.
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12

Lorand, David. "Deux «nouvelles» stèles du Gebel el-Zeit attribuées aux pharaons Nebnénou Sémenkarê (13e dynastie) et Nebmaâtrê (16e dynastie)." Chronique d'Egypte 85, no. 169-170 (January 2010): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.cde.1.102024.

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13

Boer, Peter, Ana Carolina Loss, Frederique Bakker, Kevin Beentjes, and Brian L. Fisher. "Monomorium sahlbergi Emery, 1898 (Formicidae, Hymenoptera): a cryptic globally introduced species." ZooKeys 979 (October 27, 2020): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.979.55342.

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The discovery in the Netherlands in a shipping container of the ant Monomorium sahlbergi Emery, 1898, a species similar to the invasive pharaoh ant M. pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758), led to a quest to better define the distribution of this species, which was initially obscure due to uncertain specimen identifications. Here it is shown that M. sahlbergi, like M. pharaonis, is found worldwide, almost certainly as a result of introductions. Including quarantine interceptions, this species is recorded from seven global biogeographic regions, but its established outdoor distribution is currently limited to the tropics and subtropics. Monomorium dichroum Forel, 1902 is here presented as a junior synonym of M. sahlbergisyn. nov. based on morphometric and CO1 analyses.
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Liu, Xiya. "The Making of the Last Pharaoh." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 10 (October 23, 2023): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v3i10.5695.

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Historical writing about the last native pharaoh was a means of domination by the Ptolemaic royal family for political propaganda at the ideological level. In the official historical accounts, Nectanebo II of the Thirtieth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt has been regarded as the last native pharaoh. This paper re-examines the identity of the last native pharaoh of Ancient Egypt on the basis of excavating historical materials, explores the historical status of Nectanebo II and Khababash, confirms the real identity of Khababash as the last native pharaoh, and points out the shift in the historical writing about the last native pharaoh. At the same time, after analyzing the political propaganda color embodied in the shift of history writing, the reasons for the shift of history writing in this case are explored from the ancient Egyptian codified history tradition, the comparison of the two pharaohs' political achievements, and the demand of the Ptolemaic royal family's realistic rule. It can be seen that the creation of the last native pharaoh, from Khababash to Nectanebo II, is one of the important means of consolidating the rule of the Ptolemaic dynasty, and also an important symptom of the process of its "Egyptianization".
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Quine, Cat. "Pharaoh’s Daughter: The Adoptive Mother’s Sacrifice." Feminist Theology 29, no. 2 (January 2021): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735020965164.

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In Exodus 2, Moses has two mothers; his Hebrew mother, who nurses him and the daughter of Pharaoh, who financially supports his Hebrew mother, adopts him, and names him. Pharaoh’s daughter appears in scholarly discussions, yet little attention is given to her role as mother of Moses. Indeed, this motherhood is downplayed in the biblical texts, and also in biblical scholarship, wherein the daughter of Pharaoh is absent from many discussions of biblical mothers and is at times relegated beneath the birthmother in commentaries. This article argues that we should remember and celebrate the daughter of Pharaoh as a mother of Moses.
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ALLARD, D., L. BORGESEN, M. VAN HULLE, A. BOBBAERS, J. BILLEN, and B. GOBIN. "Sperm transfer during mating in the pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis." Physiological Entomology 31, no. 3 (September 2006): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.2006.00519.x.

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17

van der Vliet, Jacques. "The Copts: 'Modern Sons of the Pharaohs'?" Church History and Religious Culture 89, no. 1 (2009): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124109x407934.

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AbstractThis essay briefly reviews the Coptic identity constructions that can be subsumed as 'Pharaonism', and tries to assess them with reference to both ancient sources and modern developments. Broadly speaking, Pharaonism is a way of claiming a deeply rooted national identity that transcends the religious opposition between Egypt's Muslim majority and its indigenous Christian minority, the Copts. As a political ideology it was most successful in the period of the nationwide Egyptian struggle for independence in the early twentieth century, but its impact in particular among Coptic intellectuals is still great. In this essay, it is argued that Pharaonism is shaped in a remarkable degree by western Orientalism, and that its main historical tenets, such as the Copts' indebtedness to pre-Christian, Pharaonic culture or their anti-Greek nationalism, can no longer be maintained.
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18

Bondarenko, Nataliia. "From Chariot Warfare to Naval Conquests: Military Scenes on the Walls of New Kingdom Temples and Tombs." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 70 (2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2023.70.09.

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This article examines the military scenes depicted on the walls of New Kingdom temples and tombs, specifically those belonging to the pharaohs Thutmose III, female pharaoh Hatshepsut, Tutankhamun, Ramses III, and Seti I. The author examines the artistic features, composition, and symbolism of these images, as well as their historical and political significance. Through an analysis of these military scenes, the article seeks to shed light on the political, social, and religious functions of the pharaohs’ military campaigns, as well as their impact on ancient Egyptian society. These scenes often depict military campaigns, battles, and triumphs, as well as offerings made to the gods in gratitude for victory. Some scenes depicted the pharaoh defeating foreign enemies in order to protect Egypt and maintain Ma’at, the ancient Egyptian concept of order and balance in the universe. One example of such scenes can be found in the Temple of Karnak, which features a relief showing King Seti I leading a procession of soldiers in tribute to the gods. Another example is the depiction of the Battle of Kadesh, fought between the Egyptians and the Hittites, which can be seen in the Temple of Abu Simbel. The study draws on a range of primary and secondary sources, including archaeological data, textual evidence, and art historical analysis, to provide a comprehensive examination of these important historical artefacts. Ultimately, the article argues that the military scenes found in New Kingdom temples and tombs offer valuable insights into the ways in which the pharaohs projected their power and authority, and how they sought to legitimize their rule through both military might and religious symbolism. Overall, the military scenes on the walls of temples of the era of the New Kingdom offer a fascinating glimpse into the culture and values of ancient Egypt.
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19

Al Mabruk, Sara A. A., Bruno Zava, Abdulghani Abdulghani, Maria Corsini-Foka, and Alan Deidun. "The first record of the pharaoh cardinal fish, Apogonichthyoides pharaonis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Apogonidae), from Libyan waters." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 51, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.63504.

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The occurrence of the pharaoh cardinalfish, Apogonichthyoides pharaonis (Bellotti, 1874), is documented for the first time from the Libyan waters, after two subsequent findings reported in September and November 2020 in the far eastern region of the country. The location of these findings represents the westernmost area of distribution in the southern Mediterranean for this species, which has the western Indian Ocean and Red Sea origin and which entered into the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal.
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20

Fedyaev, A. P., and R. Kh Fedyaeva. "Poem by Kul Gali «The Legend of Yusuf» as an object of culturological analysis." Heritage and Modern Times 6, no. 3 (November 18, 2023): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2023-6-3-268-275.

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This article justifies that «cultural models of growth» are the main unit of the historical process and are regularly repeated in various civilizations and cultures. It is found out, that Yusuf was a historical person and King of Ancient Egypt during the rule of the Hyksos dynasty pharaohs. The unknown names of the rulers of Egypt – Reyan and Kytfir – are discovered. It was also revealed, that the images of Yusuf and Zuleikha reflected the features of Pharaoh Akhenaten and his wife Nefertiti. It has been suggested that it is possible to find the untouched burial of Pharaoh Akhenaten. It has been proven that the origins of self-awareness of the Tatar ethnic group lay in the depths of centuries and are associated with the history of Ancient Egypt.
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Deicher, Susanne. "Tutanchamuns Ruder. Über die Bewegungskraft der Materie im Alten Ägypten." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 83, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 320–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2020-3003.

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AbstractThis article outlines a theory of the ancient Egyptian tomb as a material vessel of the pharao’s afterlife. With closed cavities, openings, and deliberately chosen contents, the tombs were highly ingenious, multi-layered models intended to explore the unknown: what happens after death. A close look at eleven types of steering oars discovered in the burial chamber of Tut.Ankh.Amen’s tomb identifies them as intermediate objects that connect the funerary texts inscribed on the pharaoh’s golden shrines and the realm of material things, illuminating ancient Egyptian expectations of the afterlife.
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Siegel, Oren. "Reevaluating the Role of Inter-Polity Boundaries (tꜢšw) in Middle and New Kingdom Egypt." Journal of Egyptian History 15, no. 1 (September 9, 2022): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18741665-bja10011.

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Abstract Chains of frontier fortresses and the presence of boundary stelae have understandably encouraged scholars to emphasize parallels between Pharaonic political boundaries and contemporary political borders. However, ancient Egyptian territoriality and conceptions of political boundaries differed in several key ways. First, Pharaonic boundaries were not defined by their permeability, but rather their capacity to be altered by royal action. Second, specific territorial claims were often less vital than the sovereign act of claiming or marking a boundary. Finally, ancient Egyptian boundaries were often discussed in personal terms, as belonging to a particular pharaoh. They were not abstracted, linear features that aspired to an ahistorical permanence, but functioned as powerful, performative displays of political authority in liminal spaces. Recognizing these fundamental differences builds upon the insights of earlier scholarship and provides new perspectives on Pharaonic boundary-making practices.
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MCAFFEE, MATTHEW. "The Heart of Pharaoh in Exodus 4–15." Bulletin for Biblical Research 20, no. 3 (January 1, 2010): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26424449.

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Abstract The exegetical problems surrounding the hardening of Pharaoh's heart motif in Exodus 4–15 have long been noted by scholars. In one's attempt to grapple with the interpretive issues that arise from this familiar episode, it is expedient that one's efforts are firmly anchored in the grammar and syntax of the text itself. The following study attempts to analyze the heart-of-Pharaoh motif in light of three concerns: lexical, grammatical, and contextual. The aim of a threefold approach such as this is to offer a reanalysis of this text for the purpose of further elucidating the hardening of Pharaoh's heart as presented in the Exodus narrative.
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Sarkar, Ritika, Sarmistha Banik, and Ranajit Karmakar. "Lipid Food Preference and Transportation Using Tools by an Indian Ant Species Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): A Field Study." Sociobiology 70, no. 4 (October 9, 2023): e9167. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i4.9167.

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Besides proteins and carbohydrates, the Pharaoh ant (Monomoroium pharaonis) prefers lipid foods especially when it becomes limiting in the colony. We used four different food-grade lipids such as mustard oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil and butter for seven consecutive days for a specified time frame (11.15 hr - 14.15 hr). There was a specific time zone in which the highest number of ants accumulated at all four food baits with varying peak values. Sunflower oil was the most preferred food, and mustard oil showed the lowest like. The differential number of ants in all four lipid food baits under observation can be attributed to the physical features and nutrient content. We also noted an interesting feature of the foraging activity: the major role of gathering and transporting food was performed primarily by two castes, intermediate and large, among the four distinct foraging castes. Most tools used in the present investigation were <0.5mm and of naturally available sand particles. They used the smallest tools more often as compared with the size of the other two categories. Our ant (M. pharaonis) transported only the butter-soaked smallest tools back to the nest. M. pharaonis used the smallest tools more often and this could be because the particular-sized tools were efficiently managed by the ant species under study. Our ants transported only the butter-soaked smallest tools back to the nest. It is revealed that butter was the most important lipid food for the particular ant colony of M. pharaonis.
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EDWARDS, J. P., and L. ABRAHAM. "Changes in food selection by workers of the pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 4, no. 2 (April 1990): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1990.tb00278.x.

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Børgesen, L. W. "Nutritional function of replete workers in the pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L.)." Insectes Sociaux 47, no. 2 (May 2000): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00001692.

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Scherer, Frank F. "UFA Orientalism. The “Orient” in Early German Film: Lubitsch and May." CINEJ Cinema Journal 1 (October 6, 2011): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2011.24.

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Fantastic images of the exotic pervade many early German films which resort to constructions of “Oriental” scenes. Stereotypical representations of China, India, Babylon, and Egypt dominate the Kino-screens of Weimar Germany. These films were produced in the UFA studios outside Berlin by directors such as Ernst Lubitsch (Sumurum/ One Arabian Night, 1920; Das Weib des Pharaos/The Love of Pharaoas 1922) and John May (Das Indische Grabmal/ The Indian Tomb, 1921). Yet, where recent observers resist the use of a postcolonial perspective it becomes difficult to assess the cinematographic exoticism of post-WWI Germany.This essay, therefore, offers both a discussion of Edward Said’s ‘Orientalism’and a psychoanalytical thesis on the concealment and supposed healing of post-1918 Germany’s national narcissistic wounds by emphasizing Eurocentric difference in its filmic representations of the Orient.
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Vavrecka, Mojmir, and Manfred Hesse. "Synthese von Monomorin I, einem Spurpheromon der Pharao-Ameise (Monomorium pharaonis)." Helvetica Chimica Acta 74, no. 2 (March 13, 1991): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19910740221.

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Köpp-Junk, Heidi. "Water as a social border in Ancient Egypt." Les frontières de l'eau, no. 7 (December 15, 2022): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35562/frontieres.1446.

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In Pharaonic Egypt, efforts were made to drain used water in settlements and cities since the earliest times. In the houses of the elite as well as the palaces of the pharaohs, however, there were not only separate bathrooms, but even toilets; both are attested c. 2700 BC for the first time, while such facilities are not represented in the houses of the lower class. Therefore, the majority of the Egyptians cleaned themselves in the Nile, in canals and ponds. There were no public baths like in the Roman Empire before the Graeco-Roman Period. The existence of bathrooms with water drainage as well as wells in the houses of the upper classes symbolizes a separation between these groups of people. The article presents the archaeological evidence for bathrooms in palaces and elite dwellings, discusses the social implications of water and its use in pharaonic Egypt and tackles the question: is water in principle a boundary between social classes in ancient Egypt, or only evidenced in relation to bathrooms?
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Kim, Cheol-Woo, Deok-In Kim, Soo-Young Choi, Jung-Won Park, and Chein-Soo Hong. "Pharaoh Ant (Monomorium pharaonis): Newly Identified Important Inhalant Allergens in Bronchial Asthma." Journal of Korean Medical Science 20, no. 3 (2005): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2005.20.3.390.

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Jeanson, Raphael, Francis L. W. Ratnieks, and Jean-Louis Deneubourg. "Pheromone trail decay rates on different substrates in the Pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis." Physiological Entomology 28, no. 3 (September 2003): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3032.2003.00332.x.

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Jackson, Duncan E., Stephen J. Martin, Mike Holcombe, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks. "Longevity and detection of persistent foraging trails in Pharaoh's ants, Monomorium pharaonis (L.)." Animal Behaviour 71, no. 2 (February 2006): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.04.018.

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Jackson, Duncan E., and Nicolas Châline. "Modulation of pheromone trail strength with food quality in Pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis." Animal Behaviour 74, no. 3 (September 2007): 463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.11.027.

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Yasumuro, Haruhiko, and Yuzuru Ikeda. "Environmental Enrichment Accelerates the Ontogeny of Cryptic Behavior in Pharaoh Cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis)." Zoological Science 33, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zs150197.

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Osman El-Gammal, Yasser. "The "Pharaonic Column" As Seen by the Pharaohs – (A Free Standing Architecture)." International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications 4, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20180401.11.

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FOWLER, HAROLD G., LUCIA E. ALVES, and ODAIR C. BUENO. "Reproductive strategies of the exotic Pharaoh's ant,Monomorium pharaonis(L.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Brazil." Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 23, no. 2-3 (August 1993): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1993.9672320.

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Peels, Eric. "‘Before Pharaoh seized Gaza’. A Reappraisal of the Date, Function, and Purpose of the Superscription of Jeremiah 47." Vetus Testamentum 63, no. 2 (2013): 308–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-12341104.

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Abstract In this article it is argued that the phrase ‘before Pharaoh seized Gaza’ in Jer 47:1 is not a mere chronological precision, pointing at the (ultimate) fulfilment of the prophecy against Philistia, but a heading with its own proper function and purpose. The superscription of Jer. 47:1 refers to Pharaoh Neco’s capture of that city in 601/0 BCE, whereas the oracle of 47:2-7 itself is to be dated ca. 604. Neco was able to take Gaza after he had beaten the Babylonian army at the Egyptian border, so that the Babylonians had to withdraw to their homeland. In this time of political upheaval, the heading was added to the oracle of Jer 47 in order to warn the people of Judah that YHWH’s judgment through the sword of Babylon was still to be expected, notwithstanding Pharaoh’s recent success.
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Wadoum Fofou, Chamberlain. "Symboles et performances sportives des sélections nationales africaines de football : la relative domination des félins." Revue Congolaise de Gestion Numéro 36, no. 2 (November 22, 2023): 174–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rcg.036.0174.

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L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les symboles utilisés par les sélections nationales africaines fanions de football et analyser leurs palmarès. S’inspirant de la taxonomie des êtres vivants et menant une investigation documentaire, l’étude constate que les 55 pays affiliés à la Confédération Africaine de Football (CAF) utilisent 21 noms de familles d’espèces dont 71,42% du règne animal, 9,52% des êtres humains et 19,04% des choses. Sur la base du nombre de trophées gagnés et d’apparition à la Coupe d’Afrique des Nations (CAN), l’étude révèle que sur le plan individuel, le podium est par ordre croissant occupé par les Pharaons d’Égypte (7 trophées en 24 apparitions), les Lions indomptables du Cameroun (5 trophées et 19 apparitions) et les Black stars du Ghana (4 trophées en 22 apparitions). Sur la base du 5 e taxon, ce podium est occupé par la famille des félidés (8 trophées et 77 apparitions), puis des divinités, des rois, des personnages royaux fondateurs de l’identité et de la fierté nationale (8 trophées et 32 apparitions) et enfin des Accipitridaes (4 trophées, 38 apparitions). Le podium du classement FIFA de février 2021 est occupé par les Lions de la Téranga, les Aigles du Carthage et les Fennecs d’Algérie. Ainsi, les champions ont des symboles fort évocateurs, les félins sont des leaders. Seulement est-il que tous les prédateurs suivant la chaine alimentaire, n’ont pas le même palmarès. Bien que les performances sportives ne soient pas tributaires seulement des aspects psychologiques. N’y a-t-il pas nécessité de changer de surnom après une période si l’on n’a pas obtenu les résultats escomptés ? Ne faudrait-il pas s’intéresser à la perception qu’ont les acteurs clés comme les joueurs et les entraineurs sur ces symboles ?
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39

Hong, Chein Soo, Cheol-Woo Kim, Soo-Young Choi, and Hyun-Sun Jin. "Asthma and rhinitis caused by new inhalant allergens from monomorium pharaonis ant (pharaoh ant)." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 109, no. 1 (January 2002): S208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(02)81759-6.

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40

Wen, Jing, Huan Zhong, Jun Xiao, Yi Zhou, Ziming Chen, Ling Zeng, Daohai Chen, Yulin Sun, Juan Zhao, and Fenghua Wang. "A transcriptome resource for pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) after ink ejection by brief pressing." Marine Genomics 28 (August 2016): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margen.2016.05.005.

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41

Schmidt, A. M., T. A. Linksvayer, J. J. Boomsma, and J. S. Pedersen. "Queen–worker caste ratio depends on colony size in the pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis)." Insectes Sociaux 58, no. 2 (October 28, 2010): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00040-010-0126-x.

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42

Anderson, Frank E., Tooraj Valinassab, Chuan-Wen Ho, Kolliyil S. Mohamed, Pillaru K. Asokan, Gonuguntla S. Rao, Praulai Nootmorn, Cherdchinda Chotiyaputta, Malcolm Dunning, and Chung-Cheng Lu. "Phylogeography of the pharaoh cuttle Sepia pharaonis based on partial mitochondrial 16S sequence data." Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 17, no. 2-3 (February 3, 2007): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-007-9042-1.

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43

Van Den Noortgate, Heleen, Sreeprasanth Pulinthanathu Sree, Niels Ostyn, Bert Lagrain, Maarten Roeffaers, Tom Wenseleers, and Johan A. Martens. "Material properties determining insecticidal activity of activated carbon on the pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis)." Journal of Pest Science 92, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1024-7.

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44

Lee, Sanghwan. "Killing Pharaohs in Exodus: The Anonymity of the Egyptian Kings, the Deconstruction of Their Individuality, and the Egyptian Practice of Damnatio Memoriae." Religions 14, no. 2 (January 28, 2023): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020165.

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Scholars have understood the anonymity of the Egyptian kings in Exodus in various ways. Some argue that the Israelite author intentionally anonymized the foreign kings for possible rhetorical effects. Others believe that the anonymity was a simple case of inadvertent forgetting. Although these approaches have merit in contributing to a more robust understanding of the anonymity of Pharaohs, a different approach may also have something to offer in grasping a fuller understanding of the absence of the Pharaonic names. In this regard, this article seeks to examine the anonymity in conversation with the Egyptian practice of damnatio memoriae (i.e., damnation of memory). According to this method, the proto-Israelite transmitters of the Exodus traditions deliberately obliterated the names of the Egyptian kings for the purpose of terminating their existence and memory from the proto-Israelite community.
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45

Jensen, P. V., and L. W. Børgesen. "Regional and functional differentiation in the fat body of pharaoh's ant queens, Monomorium pharaonis (L.)." Arthropod Structure & Development 29, no. 2 (April 2000): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1467-8039(00)00021-9.

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46

Jackson, Duncan, Mike Holcombe, and Francis Ratnieks. "Coupled computational simulation and empirical research into the foraging system of Pharaoh’s ant (Monomorium pharaonis)." Biosystems 76, no. 1-3 (August 2004): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.05.028.

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47

Oliveira, Ricardo Caliari, Jonas Warson, David Sillam-Dussès, Beatriz Herrera-Malaver, Kevin Verstrepen, Jocelyn G. Millar, and Tom Wenseleers. "Identification of a queen pheromone mediating the rearing of adult sexuals in the pharaoh ant Monomorium pharaonis." Biology Letters 16, no. 8 (August 2020): 20200348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0348.

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The division of labour between reproductive queens and mostly sterile workers is among the defining characteristics of social insects. Queen-produced chemical signals advertising her presence and fertility status, i.e. queen pheromones, are normally used to assert the queen's reproductive dominance in the colony. Most queen pheromones identified to date are chemicals that stop the daughter workers from reproducing. Nevertheless, it has long been suggested that queen pheromones could also regulate reproduction in different ways. In some multiple-queen ants with obligately sterile workers, for example—such as fire ants and pharaoh ants—queen pheromones are thought to regulate reproduction by inhibiting the rearing of new sexuals. Here, we identify the first such queen pheromone in the pharaoh ant Monomorium pharaonis and demonstrate its mode of action via bioassays with the pure biosynthesized compound. In particular, we show that the monocyclic diterpene neocembrene, which in different Monomorium species is produced solely by fertile, egg-laying queens, strongly inhibits the rearing of new sexuals (queens and males) and also exerts a weakly attractive ‘queen retinue’ effect on the workers. This is the first time that a queen pheromone with such a dual function has been identified in a social insect species with obligately sterile workers.
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ADAS, J. P. EDWARDS. "Caste regulation in the pharaoh's ant Monomorium pharaonis: recognition and cannibalism of sexual brood by workers." Physiological Entomology 16, no. 3 (September 1991): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1991.tb00565.x.

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49

Saleh, Janine Monnet. "Remarques Sur Les Representations De La Peinture D'Hierakonpolis (Tombe N° 100)." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 73, no. 1 (August 1987): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751338707300105.

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Reconsideration of the Hierakonpolis Painted Tomb in the light of the author's recent study of the so-called ‘boats’ found on Gerzean pottery. It is argued that the similar representations in the tomb are also incomprehensible as boats but perfectly intelligible as temples. The diagnostic characteristic is an entrance between two huts, but the prototype of the sḥ-ntr naos hieroglyph is also identified. The main difference from the potteryȔthe absence of supporting ‘stilts’Ȕreflects the desert environment of Hierakonpolis. Comparative study suggests that the decorative repertoire of the pots is here enlarged and placed in a human context, in which warfare is a prime element. An association is also postulated between the triple-vaulted hut of the tomb and the wrmt tent used in the funerary rites of Old Kingdom pharaohs under the patronage of Horus and Seth. This and other motifs, such as ‘smiting’, confirm the status of the tomb owner and his links with the later pharaonic tradition.
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Martí Bonafé, María Ángeles. "Visual Traditions in the Formation of the Iconographic Types of the Investiture and Triumph of Patriarch Joseph." Religions 15, no. 1 (January 10, 2024): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15010086.

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The story of the patriarch Joseph is a very recurring theme in medieval visual artistic Christian tradition. Joseph, Jacob’s beloved son, is a prefiguration of Christ. The story in Genesis 41, 37–44 fosters the creation of two iconographic types: Joseph’s investiture and Joseph on the Pharaoh’s chariot. The narrative places patriarch Joseph in the court of the Pharaoh of Egypt. However, Christian visuality was created according to the iconic criteria for the representation of political power, contemporary to the configuration of both iconographic types. The aim of this paper is to study the visual mechanisms used in the iconic configuration of the iconographic types of Joseph’s investiture and Joseph on the Pharaoh’s chariot, when the monarch bestows upon Joseph the privilege of his trust. The iconographic analysis of some early and medieval examples of the artistic visuality of Joseph’s story, in Eastern and Western traditions, confirms that they refer back to late ancient and medieval Byzantine tradition. Likewise, it was detected that the resources used in the visual configuration of both iconographic types are linked to the conventionalised mechanisms of the symbolic construction of power.
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