Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pharmaceutics

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pharmaceutics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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Allwood, M. C., C. L. Ronchera-Oms, T. Sizer, B. McElroy, and G. Hardy. "From pharmaceutics to pharmaceutical care in nutritional support." Clinical Nutrition 14, no. 1 (1995): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5614(06)80002-6.

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Folkers, G. "The Pharmaceutical codex, principles and practice of pharmaceutics." Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 69, no. 1 (1994): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)90033-7.

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Breuer, Eli, Mukund Shankar Chorghade, János Fischer, and Gershon Golomb. "Glossary of terms related to pharmaceutics (IUPAC Recommendations 2009)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 81, no. 5 (2009): 971–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-rec-04-10-14.

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This Glossary of Terms in Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drug-making process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general, and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
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Otsuka, Makoto. "Advances in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Process Management —From Physical Pharmaceutics to Automatic Pharmaceutical Production—." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 141, no. 12 (2021): 1343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.21-00159.

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Wehrli, Agathe. "The Pharmaceutical Codex: Principles and Practice of Pharmaceutics. 12th Edition." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 29, no. 4 (1995): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809502900423.

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Wang, Shan, Jinwei Di, Dan Wang, et al. "State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict, Characterize and Optimize Pharmaceutical Formulation." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 1 (2022): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14010183.

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During the development of a pharmaceutical formulation, a powerful tool is needed to extract the key points from the complicated process parameters and material attributes. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), a promising and more flexible modeling technique, can address real intricate questions in a high parallelism and distributed pattern in the manner of biological neural networks. The data mined and analyzing based on ANNs have the ability to replace hundreds of trial and error experiments. ANNs have been used for data analysis by pharmaceutics researchers since the 1990s and it has now become a research method in pharmaceutical science. This review focuses on the latest application progress of ANNs in the prediction, characterization and optimization of pharmaceutical formulation to provide a reference for the further interdisciplinary study of pharmaceutics and ANNs.
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Weissig, Volkmar, Shing-Ming Cheng, and Gerard G. M. D'Souza. "Mitochondrial pharmaceutics." Mitochondrion 3, no. 4 (2004): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2003.11.002.

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Saal, Christoph, and René Holm. "Industrial Pharmaceutics." European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 87 (May 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2016.04.015.

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Sharma, Rohit, and PK Prajapati. "Liquid media’s in Bhavana Samskara: A pharmaceutico-therapeutic prospect." Journal of Phytopharmacology 4, no. 1 (2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2015.4109.

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Bhavana is a wet triturition process and also a size reduction technology, frequently used in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. It has multi-dimentional pharmaceutical and therapeutic implications. In the present review, data mining from available, screened Ayurvedic literature revealed use of various types of liquid media of plant, animal and mineral origin for Bhavana. The paper is a petite attempt to compile a variety of liquid media used in Bhavana especially in context to Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics in brief.
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Mao, Shirui. "Special issue devoted to the Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 5 (2013): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2013.12.001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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Guo, Duoli. "SELECTED STUDIES IN PHARMACEUTICS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195941.

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Three different studies are included in this dissertation.The first chapter is a preformulation study of the anticancer drug NSC-726796. A stability-indicating HPLC method to quantify the compound and its three main degradation products was developed. This method was used to investigate its degradation kinetics and mechanism. The reaction follows first-order kinetics and appears to be base-catalyzed with a maximum stability at pH 1. The degradation products were identified as 2-(2,4-difluorophenylcarbamoyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoic acid (NSC-749820), 2,4-difluoroaniline and 3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophthalic acid. The mono acid was synthesized and its structure was confirmed by single crystal crystallography. That compound is found to be more soluble and more stable than the parent drug in aqueous media.The purpose of the research reported in the second chapter is to investigate the pH-stability of an anticancer cytidine derivative and a cytidine deaminase inhibitor, individually and in combination. A stability indicating HPLC method for the quantification of 5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine (FdCyd, NSC-48006), tetrahydrouridine (THU, NSC-112907) and their degradants was developed using a ZIC®-HILIC column. The effect of THU and FdCyd on the in vitro degradation of each other was studied as a function of pH from 1.0 to 7.4. The degradation of FdCyd appears to be first-order and acid-catalyzed. THU equilibrates with at least one of its degradants. Results show that the combination of FdCyd and THU in solution does not affect the stability of either compound. The stability and compatibility of FdCyd and THU in the solid state at 40 C/ 75% relative humidity (RH) and at ambient temperature are also evaluated.In chapter three, the effect of polarity on acid-base dissociation in ionic micellar systems is discussed. The dissociation constant of a compound (i.e., pKa) can shift when it is incorporated in or on a micelle. The magnitude of the pKa shift can be attributed to the effect of the surface potential of the micelle and the dielectric constant of the system. Currently, there is no reliable relationship to quantitate the dependence of pKa on the polarity of the drug. Experimental data for pKa of acids in cationic and anionic micelles were compiled from the literature. The increase in the pKa of weak acids upon incorporation into sodium dodecyl sulphate micellar is shown to be proportional to their ClogP values.
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Briuglia, Maria Lucia. "Primary and secondary crystal nucleation of pharmaceutics." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28867.

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Control of the crystallisation process is essential in the consistent and reliable production of many particulate materials in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Crystal Nucleation defines the crystal size distribution of the obtained crystal population affecting downstream operations. The literature agrees on crystal nucleation division as primary and secondary nucleation depending on the conditions of the used supersaturated solution. Primary nucleation occurs in a clear supersaturated solution, while secondary nucleation is induced by at least one parent crystal present in the solution. Despite the large amount of research conducted on this field, several challenges for primary and secondary nucleation fundamental understanding are still identifiable. The aim of this thesis is to develop meticulous and accurate methods to measure primary and secondary nucleation in order to systematically study nucleation mechanisms relevant to industrial scales. This thesis is constituted of two main parts: one part studies primary nucleation and develops a method for control and measure primary nucleation rate within the metastable zone width (Chapter 2) using different volumes and hydrodynamics (Chapter 3). The second part concerns studies of secondary nucleation under well-controlled conditions providing a systematic method to measure secondary nucleation rates (Chapter 4), which can be integrated in industrial workflows (Chapter 5) and applied to study the chiral outcomes (Chapter 6). The developed methods decouple primary and secondary nucleation events improving crystallisation processes understanding. The reliability and reproducibility of the novel proposed methods offer an appropriate process control strategy to address existing challenges on crystal nucleation.
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Wang, Ban. "Synthesis of Bis(imino)pyridine Iron(II) Complexes and Development of Bis(imino)pyridine Iron(II) Catalyzed Carbene Transfer Reactions." TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3159.

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Metal catalysis of symmetric and asymmetric carbene transfer reactions has been widely applied in natural product synthesis and material science over years. Metal carbene can be easily generated from the extrusion of nitrogen under the catalysis of metal complexes to further undergo various organic reactions, O/N/C-H insertions, cycloadditions, and ylide formations. Currently, the dominant effective catalysts for carbene reactions are built with expensive precious metal, for example, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, gold. Notably, the effective reactivity and enantioselectivity of the dirhodium(II) catalysts are researched and established over the decades. However, the use of precious metal catalysts is the major source of metal residues in pharmaceutical products; thus, it becomes a concerning safety factor towards the environment. Iron, instead, to our interest, is an economical and ecofriendly element. Iron has been used in different catalytic reactions but achieved moderate reactivity and low enantioselectivity towards carbene transfer reactions. Within, the electronic environment and the mechanism of iron catalysts are underdeveloped. A new series of ligands named bis(imino)pyridine family has been found to be able to offer coordinate sites for transition metals to build effective metal complexes can be used for different organic reactions. This type of ligand can be easily synthesized in relatively short steps and the structure of the substituents can be facially tuned. These advantages show the great potential of bis(imino)pyridine ligands in organic catalysis. In this project, bis(imino)pyridine ligands were applied as the backbone structure to construct a series of achiral and chiral iron catalysts that were investigated in catalytic metal carbene reactions in terms of reactivity and selectivity. By manipulating the structure of the ligands, the high reactivity of the achiral iron(II) complexes towards various carbene reactions was achieved, while moderate enantioselectivity was observed by the catalysis of chiral iron(II) complexes. To our delight, the bis(imino)pyridine iron(II) complex, for the first time, is shown as an effective metal carbene catalyst for carbene transfer reactions of donor–acceptor diazo compounds. Its broad catalytic capability is demonstrated by a range of metal carbene reactions, from cyclopropanation, cyclopropenation, epoxidation, and Doyle–Kirmse reaction to O–H insertion, N–H insertion, and C–H insertion reactions. The asymmetric cyclopropanation of styrene and methyl phenyldiazoacetate was successfully achieved by the new chiral bis(imino)pyridine iron catalyst, which delivers a new gateway for the development of chiral iron catalysis for metal carbene reactions.
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Lalor, Ruth. "Novel multi-calixarenes and their applications in molecular pharmaceutics." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439934.

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Yin, Xianzhen. "Structure Pharmaceutics Based on Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Micro- Computed Tomography: From Characterization to Evaluation and Innovation of Pharmaceutical Structures." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17378.

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Drug delivery systems (DDS) are essentially pharmaceutical products for human therapy, typically involving a mixture of active ingredients and excipients. Based upon quantitative characterization of structure, the thesis introduces the concept of classifying the architecture of DDS into four levels by their spatial scale and the life time period. The primary level is recognised as the static structure of the whole dosage form with a size from μm to cm with the final structure generated by formulation design. The secondary level categorises the structures of particles or sub-units to form a DDS with sizes from nm to mm as key units in processing such as mixing, grinding, granulation and packing; The tertiary level represents the dynamic structures of DDS during the drug release phase in vitro or in vivo incorporating the structure size range from nm to mm, which undergo changes during dissolution, swelling, erosion or diffusion. The spatial scale for the quaternary level is defined as the meso or micro scale architecture of active and non-active molecules within a DDS with sizes from Å to μm for the molecular structure of drug and excipients. Methods combining X-ray tomography, image processing, and 3D reconstructions have been devised and evaluated to study systematically pharmaceutical structures and correlate them with drug release kinetics of DDS. Based on the quantitative structural information of pharmaceutical intermediates and dosage forms, it is possible now to correlate structures with production processing, behaviour and function, and the static and dynamic structures of DDS with the release kinetics. Thus, a structure-guided methodology has been established for the research of DDS.
Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Alsmadi, Mo'tasem Mohamed. "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of Ivermectin (IVM)." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5906.

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Purpose: Ivermectin (IVM) is a lipophilic BCS-II compound (molecular weight=875 g/mole, LogP=3.22, intrinsic solubility=700 ug/L). IVM is used as antiparasitic drug in both humans and animals. IVM is known to have a half-life of 12-56 hours in humans. Strongyloidiasis is a chronic parasitic infection of humans caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, with an estimated 30-100 million people infected worldwide. Infection may be severe and even life-threatening in cases of immunodeficiency. Patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis are usually bedridden hospitalized patients that show symptoms such as paralytic ileus and reduced plasma albumin and cholesterol. Oral IVM is the only FDA-approved treatment but may not be effective in patients with disseminated disease. Veterinary subcutaneous formulations have been used in severe infections. We hypothesized that IVM PK in patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis can be predicted using PBPK model originally built and refined in healthy human and animal species. This hypothesis was tested and shown to be valid. Methods:A systematic method was used to build and refine different parts of the PBPK model. The process involved construction of models, parameterization of these models, evaluation of the effect of uncertainty in model parameters on model prediction via local and global sensitivity analyses and finally, refinement of model predictions. Two disposition models that differ in the rate limiting step in drug distribution were constructed and include perfusion-limited and permeability-limited distribution models. The ability of each model to predict IVM disposition was evaluated using plasma PK data in rat after intra-arterial dosing and in dog after intravenous bolus dosing. Then the disposition model was scaled to humans and an oral input model was constructed as a modification on the well-known ACAT model. The oral input model was coupled with the disposition model and used to predict IVM plasma concentration-time profile in healthy fasted human subject after oral dosing. Two subcutaneous (SQ) input models were constructed and used to evaluate the effect of IVM precipitation at the injection site. Plasma PK data in dog after SQ dosing was used to refine the constructed SQ input models. The refined disposition, oral input and SQ input physiologically-based models were used to predict IVM PK in patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis after a complex dosing regimen. The physiological parameters of the model were modified to account for the effect of the disease-induced pathophysiological changes on the body physiology and hence on the drug PK. Plasma PK data from hospitalized subjects with disseminated strongylidiasis was used in this part. Results and conclusions:The disposition model with assumption of permeability-limited distribution was more capable of describing IVM disposition in rat after intra-arterial dosing compared to when perfusion-limited distribution was assumed. The model predicted that hepatic clearance is the most impactful parameter on model-predicted plasma concentration of the drug. Also, IVM was shown to have low hepatic extraction ratio along with high binding in plasma and large volume of distribution, which collectively may explain the long half-life in the plasma of 63 hours in rat after intra-arterial dosing. The oral input model predicted that the oral input is limited by drug dissolution in the GI lumen and that a very small fraction of oral tablet dose (0.03) is available in the systemic circulation in healthy fasted human subjects. Both of the studied SQ input models predicted that majority of IVM absorption after SQ dosing is via the lymphatic route and that drug precipitation at the injection site can further slowdown the drug absorption after SQ administration. The PBPK model was able achieve the main goal of this research which is to predict IVM pharmacokinetics in patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis after a complex dosing regimen of multiple oral and SQ dosing. This was achieved by modifying the most impactful physiological parameters of the model affected by the disease state and that are related to drug binding in the plasma (fraction unbound), the GI motility (gastric emptying rate) and the lymphatic flow rate. Based on our analysis, we recommend measurement of plasma IVM concentrations early after initiation of therapy to exclude treatment failure due to reduced oral and/or SQ absorption. Also, we recommend measurement of plasma lipoprotein levels and their composition in these patients to differentiate between low total plasma concentrations due to low binding plasma as opposed to low drug input. Finally, interventional procedures that enhance lymphatic flow rate to site of SQ injection are recommended to enhance SQ absorption.
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García, Díaz María. "Drug delivery in photodynamic therapy: From pharmaceutics to animal testing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/81987.

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S'ha estudiat el desenvolupament de fotosensibilitzadors i la seva formulació en teràpia fotodinàmica. S'han caracteritzat les propietats fotofísiques dels fotosensibilitzadors porficènics. S'han proposat diferents estratègies tals com la introducció de grups carboxilat en la perifèria o ions de metalls pesants en el nucli, per millorar el disseny de nous fotosensibilitzadors basats en el macrocicle porficènic. Entre ells, el temocè (m-THPPo), el porficè anàleg a la temoporfina, mostra excel•lents propietats fotofísiques, fotoestabilitat i alta eficàcia fotodinàmica. A causa de la seva alta hidrofobicitat, s'ha desenvolupat una formulació liposomal per a l'administració in vitro i in vivo del temocè. m-THPPo/DPPC/DMPG (1:67.5:7.5 relació molar) té alta eficiència d'encapsulació mantenint les seves propietats tant fotofísiques com a biològiques. El temocè liposomal va exhibir l'eficàcia fotodinàmica in vitro més alta per molècula internalitzada, sent un sistema d'administració de fàrmacs eficaç per a una estratègia in vivo dirigida a les cèl•lules tumorals. El temocè encapsulat en micel•les de Cremophor EL va mostrar una mínima internalització cel•lular. Consistentment, la formulació micel•lar va mostrar millor la resposta in vivo quan s'utilitza en un règim vascular. Amb la finalitat de minimitzar la internalització del fotosensibilitzador en les cèl•lules normals, es van proposar liposomes decorats amb lligands folat. Aquesta estratègia resulta en una internalització dues vegades major dels liposomes dirigits al receptor folat respecte a la corresponent formulació no específica. Finalment, han estat explorats nous models cel•lulars in vitro per a l'optimització dels processos amb oxigen singlet. Els cultius cel•lulars en 3D reprodueixen l'heterogeneïtat d'oxigen i fotosensibilitzador que està present en els teixits reals, proporcionant informació molt útil per interpretar i predir el resultat de la teràpia fotodinàmica. També s'ha demostrat la capacitat de desactivació de l'oxigen singlet d'antioxidants en un model ex vivo de pell porcina.
Se ha estudiado el desarrollo de fotosensibilizadores y su formulación en terapia fotodinámica. Se han caracterizado las propiedades fotofísicas de los fotosensibilizadores porficénicos. Se han propuesto diferentes estrategias tales como la introducción de grupos carboxilato en la periferia o iones de metales pesados en el núcleo, para mejorar el diseño de nuevos fotosensibilizadores basados en el macrociclo porficénico. Entre ellos, el temoceno (m-THPPo), el porficeno análogo a la temoporfina, muestra excelentes propiedades fotofísicas, fotoestabilidad y alta eficacia fotodinámica. Debido a su alta hidrofobicidad, se ha desarrollado una formulación liposomal para la administración in vitro e in vivo del temoceno. m-THPPo/DPPC/DMPG (1:67.5:7.5 relación molar) tiene alta eficiencia de encapsulación manteniendo sus propiedades tanto fotofísicas como biológicas. El temoceno liposomal exhibió la eficacia fotodinámica in vitro más alta por molécula internalizada, siendo un sistema de administración de fármacos eficaz para una estrategia in vivo dirigida a las células tumorales. El temoceno encapsulado en micelas de Cremophor EL mostró una mínima internalización celular. Consistentemente, la formulación micelar mostró mejor la respuesta in vivo cuando se utiliza en un régimen vascular. Con el fin de minimizar la internalización del fotosensibilizador en las células normales, se propusieron liposomas decorados con ligandos folato. Esta estrategia resulta en una internalización dos veces mayor de los liposomas dirigidos al receptor folato respecto a la correspondiente formulación no específica. Por último, han sido explorados nuevos modelos celulares in vitro para la optimización de los procesos con oxígeno singlete. Los cultivos celulares en 3D reproducen la heterogeneidad de oxígeno y fotosensibilizador que está presente en los tejidos reales, proporcionando información muy útil para interpretar y predecir el resultado de la terapia fotodinámica. También se ha demostrado la capacidad de desactivación del oxígeno singlete de antioxidantes en un modelo ex vivo de piel porcina.
The photosensitizer and formulation development in photodynamic therapy have been studied. They have been characterized the photophysical properties of new porphycene-based photosensitizers. Different strategies such as the introduction of carboxylate groups in the periphery or heavy metal ions in the core have been proposed for improving the design of novel photosensitizers based on the porphycene macrocycle. Among them, temocene (m-THPPo), the porphycene analogue to temoporfin, shows excellent photophysical properties, superior photostability and high photodynamic efficiency. Owing to its high hydrophobicity, a liposomal formulation has been developed for in vitro and in vivo administration of temocene. m-THPPo/DPPC/DMPG (1:67.5:7.5 molar ratio) yielded high encapsulation efficiency maintaining its photophysical and biological properties. Liposomal temocene exhibited the highest in vitro killing efficacy per uptaken molecule and they were an efficient drug delivery system for in vivo tumor cell targeting strategy. Temocene encapsulated in Cremophor EL micelles showed minimal cell internalization. Consistently, micellar formulation showed the best in vivo response when used in a vascular regime. In order to minimize the internalization of the photosensitizer in normal cells, liposomes decorated with folic acid ligands were proposed. This strategy leads to a 2-fold higher uptake of folate-targeted liposomes than the corresponding non-targeted formulation. Finally, new in vitro cellular models for a better optimization of singlet oxygen-involved processes were explored. 3D cellular cultures reproduced the oxygen and photosensitizer heterogeneity found in real tissues, providing useful information to interpret and predict the photodynamic therapy outcome. The singlet oxygen quenching ability of antioxidants in ex vivo porcine skin model has also been demonstrated.
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Zghebi, Salwa S. "Crystal engineering, Bio Pharmaceutics and Cell biology of active pharmaceutical ingredient (drug) nanoparticles. Formation and cell interaction of hydrocortisone and prednisolone nanoparticles." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5183.

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Nanotechnology applications have emerged enormously in recent times. Of particular interest is that area that overlaps the areas of nanotechnology, biology and medicine: nanomedicine. One advantage of nanomedicines is it that it can be used as an enabling technology by pharmaceutical researchers and industry to overcome issues associated with the low bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. In the first part of the current study, nanosuspensions of two of hydrophobic steroid drugs: hydrocortisone and prednisolone were produced. Nanosuspensions were prepared using a bottom-up approach: the anti-solvent precipitation method using microfluidic reactors. Surface modification was carried out on these nanosuspensions using cationic surfactants to obtain nanoparticles with different levels of surface positive charge as indicated by ¿-potential values. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques were used to characterize the prepared nanoparticles. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were also used to characterize hydrocortisone nanoparticles. In the second part, cellular uptake of both coated and uncoated nanoparticles by HaCaT keratinocytes cell line was examined and indicated by quantifying the anti- inflammatory effect of nanoparticles on the LPS-induced inflammation. Also, TEM was employed to evaluate the cellular uptake of hydrocortisone nanoparticles. Results showed higher ant-inflammatory effect of coated nanoparticles over uncoated nanoparticles. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of coated nanoparticles was correlated to the degree of positive surface charge.
Libyan government
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Dew, Noel. "Catanionic Aggregates in Gels : Prolonged Drug Release and Potential Implications for Topical Use." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaci, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-138447.

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Gels are popular dosage forms.  This topical dosage form may be advantageous compared to oral or parenteral dosage forms. Favorable rheological or bioadhesive properties of gels might provide extended contact times at the site of administration compared to aqueous solutions. However, due to the high water content of gels, these are usually quickly emptied of the drug substance. One way of prolonging the drug release from gels is to contain the drug substance in catanionic aggregates in the gel. These aggregates are formed in solutions of oppositely charged surfactants and a drug can be used instead of one of the surfactants.   In this thesis catanionic aggregates composed of drug substances and oppositely charged surfactants were studied and the possibility to use these aggregates for the purpose of prolonged drug release was investigated. The formation of catanionic aggregates when using drugs was found to be a common occurrence in addition to which, the oppositely charged surfactant can be varied and surfactants of natural origin with a low toxicity were used. Most combinations tested rendered either vesicles or elongated micelles. When the catanionic aggregates were contained in gels the drug release was substantially prolonged. The apparent diffusion coefficients were lowered 10-100 times compared to the reference gels. When gels with catanionic vesicles with substantial prolonged drug release were applied to skin the penetration rate was lowered extensively. No morphological differences were observed between skin samples that had been exposed to formulations containing catanionic aggregates and skin samples exposed to saline solution, air or formulations containing only the drug. Both conventional, covalently linked pre-formed gels and physical gels, where the catanionic vesicles form the cross-links upon interaction with the polymer, can be used for these purposes. When the effect of drug release on aggregate structure was studied, it was shown that vesicles are present in both conventional and physical gels throughout the drug release process.   This thesis shows that catanionic aggregates contained in gels can present an advantageous formulation strategy to prolong the drug release, thereby improving the efficiency of gel formulations.
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Jia, Xi Jessica. "Effects of monoglycerides on rhodamine 123 accumulation, estradiol 17 β-D-glucuronide bidirectional transport and MRP2 protein expression within Caco-2 cells". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4132.

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Purpose: Oral drug development had been hindered by the bioavailability issue despite vast market popularity. Lipid excipients have shown to enhance bioavailability of several reformulated hydrophobic oral drugs, yet the underlying mechanisms of action by lipids are still unclear. One proposed mechanism is that lipid could facilitate drug uptake by altering the activities of apical membrane intestinal efflux transporters. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of specific monoglycerides on the efflux activity and protein expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) in vitro. Methods: A preliminary study was first conducted to determine the effect of Peceol®, a mono- and di-glyceride mixture, on MPR2 efflux activity. Then, the 24- hour non-cytotoxic ranges of specific monoglycerides (1-monopalmitin, 1- monostearin and 1-monoolein) were determined using MTS and LDH assays in Caco-2 cells. Then, the effects of chosen monoglycerides on the functional activity of MRP2 were assessed via rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation and estradiol 17 β-D-glucuronide(E₂17βG) bidirectional transport studies. The dose responses of Rh123 accumulation with each monoglyceride treatment were also determined. Lastly, Western blotting was used to probe the monoglycerides effect on MRP2 protein expression. Results: In the preliminary study, significant increase in Rh123 accumulation and decrease in E₂17βG efflux ratio were observed in Peceol® treated cells. The non-cytotoxic concentration ranges for 1-monopalmitin, 1-monostearin and 1- monoolein were within 1 mM, 1 mM and 500 μM, respectively. Cells treated with 1 mM 1-monoplamitin, 1 mM 1-monostearin, 500 μM 1-monoolein and 50 μM MK571 (a MRP2 inhibitor) resulted in significant increases in Rh123 accumulation and decreases in E₂17βG efflux ratio compared to the control (medium treated only). The three monoglycerides did not show Rh123 accumulation in a dose-responsive manner. MRP2 protein expressions in 1- monopalmitin and 1-monoolein treated cells were decreased by 19% and 35%, respectively; however, there was no change of MRP2 protein expression in 1- monostearin treated cells. Conclusions: These findings suggested that 1-monoolein, 1-monostearin and 1- monopalmitin could attenuate the activity of MRP2 and possibly other efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells. The reduction of efflux activity of MRP2 by 1- monoolein treatment could be partially explained by the non-specific down regulation of MRP2 protein expression.
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Books on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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Pharmaceutics. Pharmaceutical Press, 2014.

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Ouyang, Defang, and Sean C. Smith, eds. Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.

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Brunaugh, Ashlee D., Hugh D. C. Smyth, and Robert O. Williams III. Essential Pharmaceutics. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31745-4.

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Bouwman-Boer, Yvonne, V'Iain Fenton-May, and Paul Le Brun, eds. Practical Pharmaceutics. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15814-3.

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1931-, Banker Gilbert S., and Rhodes Christopher T. 1937-, eds. Modern pharmaceutics. 3rd ed. M. Dekker, 1996.

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1931-, Banker Gilbert S., and Rhodes Christopher T. 1937-, eds. Modern pharmaceutics. 2nd ed. M. Dekker, 1989.

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Introduction to Pharmaceutics. Nishad Deshmukh, 2008.

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Braker, Michael. Pharmaceutics: Modern drugs. CRC Press, 2004.

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Introduction to clinical pharmaceutics. Pharmaceutical Press, 2009.

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Ho, Dien, ed. Philosophical Issues in Pharmaceutics. Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0979-6.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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Fox, Anthony W. "Pharmaceutics." In Principles and Practice of Pharmaceutical Medicine. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444325263.ch6.

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Ouyang, Defang, and Sean C. Smith. "Introduction to Computational Pharmaceutics." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch1.

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Murthy, Vinuthaa, Zhi Ping Xu, and Sean C. Smith. "Molecular Modeling of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch10.

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Bunker, Alex. "Molecular Modeling as a Tool to Understand the Role of Poly(Ethylene) Glycol in Drug Delivery." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch11.

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Yin, Xianzhen, Li Wu, You He, et al. "3D Structural Investigation of Solid Dosage Forms." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch12.

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Singh Badhan, Raj K. "Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling in Drug Delivery." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch13.

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Price, Sarah L. "Crystal Energy Landscapes for Aiding Crystal Form Selection." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch2.

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Thakur, Sachin S., Harendra S. Parekh, Carl H. Schwable, Yong Gan, and Defang Ouyang. "Solubilization of Poorly Soluble Drugs." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch3.

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Kang, Myungshim, Dennis Lam, Dennis E. Discher, and Sharon M. Loverde. "Molecular Modeling of Block Copolymer Self-Assembly and Micellar Drug Delivery." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch4.

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Ke, Peng, Sheng Qi, Gabriele Sadowski, and Defang Ouyang. "Solid Dispersion - a Pragmatic Method to Improve the Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs." In Computational Pharmaceutics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118573983.ch5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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García-Villén, Fátima, Rita Sánchez-Espejo, Ana Borrego-Sánchez, Pilar Cerezo, Raquel de Melo Barbosa, and César Viseras. "Key features of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles prepared with nanoclay and spring water ingredients with demonstrated wound healing activity: a pilot study." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08694.

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Edirisinghe, Mohan. "Advanced Manufacturing Research for Healthcare." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08914.

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Ambrus, Rita, Csilla Bartos, Gábor Katona, Tamás Kiss, Zoltán Aigner, and Piroska Szabó-Révész. "Cyclodextrins in traditional and alternative drug formulations." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08912.

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Caira, Mino. "Supramolecular chemistry of cyclodextrins and their inclusion complexes containing bioactive guest compounds." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08915.

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El-Aneed, Anas, Asmita Poudel, George Gachumi, Zafer Bashi, and Ildiko Badea. "Development and characterization of liposomal formulation containing phytosterols and tocopherols for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08796.

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Wasan, Dr Kishor. "Development of a Novel Oral Amphotericin B Formulation (iCo-019) to Treat Systemic Fungal and Parasitic Infections." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08775.

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Varga, Patricia, Rita Ambrus, Piroska Szabó-Révész, and Csilla Bartos. "Development of Intranasal Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery Containing Meloxicam <sup>†</sup>." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08751.

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Otero-Espinar, Francisco J., Xurxo García-Otero, Rubén Varela-Fernández, et al. "Ocular surface permanence and toxicity studies of Tacrolimus-(Hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin) eyedrops." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08791.

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Catenacci, Laura, Milena Sorrenti, Maria Cristina Bonferoni, Alexios Vicatos, and Mino R. Caira. "Inclusion of pterostilbene in natural cyclodextrins: complex preparation and solid-state characterization." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08713.

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Tajber, Lidia, Hanah Mesallati, Julija Zotova, Zaneta Wojnarowska, and Anita Umerska. "“New” solutions to the problem of poorly soluble drugs – the role of "green", anti-crystal engineering." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutics. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08784.

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Reports on the topic "Pharmaceutics"

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Lubowa, Nasser, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Pharmaceutical Industry in Uganda: A Review of the Common GMP Non-conformances during Regulatory Inspections. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317442.

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The prevalence of substandard medicines in Africa is high but not well documented. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are likely to face considerable challenges with substandard medications. Africa faces inadequate drug regulatory practices, and in general, compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in most of the pharmaceutical industries is lacking. The majority of pharmaceutical manufacturers in developing countries are often overwhelmed by the GMP requirements and therefore are unable to operate in line with internationally acceptable standards. Non-conformances observed during regulatory inspections provide the status of the compliance to GMP requirements. The study aimed to identify the GMP non-conformances during regulatory inspections and gaps in the production of pharmaceuticals locally manufactured in Uganda by review of the available 50 GMP reports of 21 local pharmaceutical companies in Uganda from 2016. The binary logistic generalized estimating equations (GEE) model was applied to estimate the association between odds of a company failing to comply with the GMP requirements and non-conformances under each GMP inspection parameter. Analysis using dummy estimation to linear regression included determination of the relationship that existed between the selected variables (GMP inspection parameters) and the production capacity of the local pharmaceutical industry. Oral liquids, external liquid preparations, powders, creams, and ointments were the main categories of products manufactured locally. The results indicated that 86% of the non-conformances were major, 11% were minor, and 3% critical. The majority of the non-conformances were related to production (30.1%), documentation (24.5%), and quality control (17.6%). Regression results indicated that for every non-conformance under premises, equipment, and utilities, there was a 7-fold likelihood of the manufacturer failing to comply with the GMP standards (aOR=6.81, P=0.001). The results showed that major non-conformances were significantly higher in industries of small scale (B=6.77, P=0.02) and medium scale (B=8.40, P=0.04), as compared to those of large scale. This study highlights the failures in quality assurance systems and stagnated GMP improvements in these industries that need to be addressed by the manufacturers with support from the regulator. The addition of risk assessment to critical production and quality control operations and establishment of appropriate corrective and preventive actions as part of quality management systems are required to ensure that quality pharmaceuticals are manufactured locally.
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Arcidiacono, Peter, Paul Ellickson, Peter Landry, and David Ridley. Pharmaceutical Followers. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19522.

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Seuba, Xavier. Free Trade of Pharmaceutical Products. International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_ip_20100426.

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Struver, Zack. 2015-2016 Pharmaceutical Transparency Legislation. Knowledge Ecology International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17534/kei.bn.2016.2.

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Ellison, Sara Fisher, and Catherine Wolfram. Pharmaceutical Prices and Political Activity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8482.

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Agha, Leila, Soomi Kim, and Danielle Li. Insurance Design and Pharmaceutical Innovation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27563.

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Acemoglu, Daron, David Cutler, Amy Finkelstein, and Joshua Linn. Did Medicare Induce Pharmaceutical Innovation? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11949.

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Sampat, Bhaven, and Kenneth Shadlen. Secondary Pharmaceutical Patenting: A Global Perspective. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23114.

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Pavcnik, Nina. Do Pharmaceutical Prices Respond to Insurance? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7865.

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Chefetz, Benny, and Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7592117.bard.

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Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.
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