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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pharmacist Knowlege'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Strickland, Claire. "Pharmacist Knowledge of Inhaled Insulin." The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624271.

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Class of 2008 Abstract
Objectives: Inhaled insulin is indicated for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This project was designed to evaluate the level of pharmacist knowledge concerning inhaled insulin therapy. Methods: An invitation to complete a questionnaire concerning inhaled insulin was sent via email to pharmacists registered in Arizona and preceptors for the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Respondents completed a 36 item questionnaire, including 25 knowledge questions. To determine overall pharmacist knowledge of inhaled insulin, the questionnaire results were aggregated into a total correct score. Independent t-tests were used to compare mean scores based on status as a preceptor, completion of a residency, attendance of an inhaled insulin training session, and pharmacist-reported level of confidence in counseling on inhaled insulin use. Results: The mean total correct score for 60 pharmacists who completed the questionnaire was 13.6 (SD = 6.7) out of 25. The mean scores for preceptor pharmacists and non-preceptor pharmacists were not statistically different. Only pharmacist-reported level of confidence in counseling patients on the use of inhaled insulin was significantly related to total score. Pharmacists who reported they were either “very confident” or “confident” in counseling patients about inhaled insulin achieved a higher total correct score compared to pharmacists reporting lower levels of confidence ( p = 0.009). Conclusions: This study identified an overall lack of knowledge regarding therapy with inhaled insulin among participating pharmacists. Pharmacists who self-reported that they were confident in providing counseling regarding inhaled insulin were significantly more knowledgeable.
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2

Campbell, Charlotte, Allen Ashley Van, and Erin Vincent. "Skin Cancer Knowledge and Prevention Counseling among Arizona Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623972.

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Class of 2009 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Skin cancer is particularly prevalent in Arizona, with incidence rates ranking number two worldwide. Pharmacists are useful advocates for educating patients about the risks of skin cancer and methods of prevention. This study was conducted to assess pharmacists’ knowledge of skin cancer and their demographics and to evaluate how these factors impact skin cancer prevention patient counseling. METHODS: Participants were recruited using a listserv from pharmacists that were members of the Arizona Pharmacy Alliance or preceptors of the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Subjects completed an online questionnaire consisting of knowledge- based questions, questions about patient counseling preferences and subject demographics. RESULTS: The average score by pharmacists on the Skin Cancer and Sun Exposure Knowledge Indicator was 5.8 + 1.9. Pharmacists living in Arizona for longer times were more likely to know the minimum recommended SPF of sunscreen for adults to use when outdoors (p=0.003) and the factors associated with malignant melanoma prognosis/survival (p=0.004), but were less likely to know the definition of ABCD acronym (p=0.027). Having a family or friend diagnosed with any form of skin cancer or precancerous skin condition led to more pharmacists knowing the risk factors for developing melanoma (p=0.046) and knowing how often to apply water resistant sunscreen (p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: The length of pharmacy practice in Arizona and having a family member or close friend affected by skin cancer significantly impacted a pharmacists’ knowledge of skin cancer.
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Axon, David R., Janka Vanova, Courtney Edel, and Marion Slack. "Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists." AMER ASSOC COLL PHARMACY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625203.

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Objective. To compare dietary supplement use between student pharmacists and the general population, and assess knowledge, attitudes toward use, and dietary supplement effectiveness; and to explore how student pharmacists view their education on dietary supplements. Methods. Paper questionnaires administered to student pharmacists collected data about their use, knowledge, and attitudes of dietary supplements. Use was compared to the 2007 National Health Interview survey findings. Results. Of 179 students who responded, 52% had used at least one dietary supplement in their lifetime versus 25% in the general population. Students perceived supplement label information as unhelpful, research into supplements inadequate, and supplements non-essential to health. Students thought supplement knowledge was important but their education was inadequate. Conclusion. Dietary supplement use was higher in this sample of student pharmacists than the general population. Student pharmacists had limited knowledge and need more education on dietary supplements.
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Azimian, Sara, Amanda Boysen, and Amy Kennedy. "Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Knowledge of Diabetes and Among Diabetic Patients." The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614239.

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Class of 2013 Abstract
Specific Aims: To further explore the relationship between patient’s diabetes knowledge and pharmacist intervention in patient care related to diabetes management. Study participants included diabetic patients being seen at the El Rio Health Clinic East campus. Subjects were patients being seen only by their primary care providers for diabetes management as well as patients being managed by a clinical pharmacist in addition to their primary care provider. Methods: Questionnaires were administered to eligible patients at the time of their clinic visit. Knowledge was assessed in various areas of diabetes management including diet, exercise, blood glucose management, overall diabetes control, and insulin therapy where applicable. HbA1C was self-reported as a secondary measure. Main Results: Questionnaires were completed by a total of 78 subjects. The pharmacist group included 48 subjects (mean age = 54; SD = 11.9; 60% Caucasian; 65% female) and the non-pharmacist group included 30 subjects (mean age = 52; SD = 9.5; 66% Caucasian; 57% female). Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in diabetes knowledge (p = 0.17) between the two groups. Conclusion: Survey data from this study, although limited and not adequately powered, showed no statistically significant difference in diabetes knowledge between the pharmacist group and non-pharmacist group.
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5

Lin, Jack, Theodore Knuck, and Jason Orozco. "Knowledge and Attitudes of Student Pharmacists Concerning Oral Emergency Contraception." The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623970.

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Class of 2009 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work is to explore the correlations between demographics, knowledge, and attitudes that student pharmacists have in regards to oral emergency contraception (OEC) and their dispensing. METHODS: University of Arizona pre-rotation student pharmacists were asked to complete a questionnaire during a regularly scheduled required class. The questionnaire had three sections consisting of general OEC knowledge, specific attitudes regarding OEC, and demographic data. RESULTS: Students who stated moral and/or ethical objections to dispensing OEC had significantly lower knowledge scores. They also showed a response pattern to attitude and belief questions opposite to that of students who stated feeling comfortable dispensing OEC in most situations. There were no significant differences in total correct scores on the knowledge questions between gender or year in school, however, there were significant differences in some specific questions. CONCLUSIONS: Students who did not feel comfortable dispensing OEC or had moral and/or religious objections to dispensing OEC were found to have lower knowledge scores. With the exception of two knowledge questions, total correct scores on OEC knowledge questions increased with year in school. Lack of knowledge about OEC may in part contribute to unease and objections to dispensing them.
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6

Klein, Amanda S., and Rebekah Jackowski. "Attitudes and Knowledge of Medical Students Regarding the Role of Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614502.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: To determine the attitudes of medical students towards pharmacists and the roles they play on the healthcare team and how these views change after attending an inter-professional workshop with other University of Arizona healthcare students. Methods: Questionnaires administered during a regularly scheduled class collected rating of teamwork and collaboration, roles for pharmacists in health care settings, and medical student’s expectations of the pharmacist when they are practicing physicians. Previous inter-professional workshop experience, negative experience with a pharmacist, age and sex was also collected. Main Results: Medical students’ attitudes regarding the roles of pharmacist in health care settings became more positive after attending the IPE workshop compared to their attitudes before attending the IPE workshop (X2 = 7.671, p-value = 0.005) and was maintained 1 year after the workshop (X2 = 6.304, p-value = 0.012). Medical students expected pharmacists to be more capable and had higher expectations for them after attending the IPE workshop (X2 = 17.393, p-value = <0.001) and was maintained 1 year after the workshop (X2 = 5.955, p-value = 0.015). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the inter-professional workshop is successful in changing the attitudes of medical students towards pharmacists and the roles they play on the healthcare team. The medical students maintained this change in attitude one year after the inter-professional workshop.
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7

Reis, Tiago Marques dos. "Conhecimento e condutas dos farmacêuticos para a dispensação de medicamentos e a realização da atenção farmacêutica em drogarias." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/119379.

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Introdução. A profissão farmacêutica está em uma fase de transição na qual se tenta resgatar ao farmacêutico o papel de responsável pela farmacoterapia. Nesse sentido, a dispensação de medicamentos e a realização da Atenção Farmacêutica emergem como ferramentas eficazes para viabilizar o sucesso do tratamento medicamentoso. Entretanto, para que os resultados sejam favoráveis à saúde do usuário de medicamentos, é fundamental que o profissional possua o conhecimento necessário para a realização dos serviços farmacêuticos citados e demonstre condutas adequadas frente aos mesmos. Além disso, o tempo despendido pelos farmacêuticos com atividades não relacionadas à profissão e os interesses comerciais sobre a venda dos medicamentos podem limitar a realização adequada desses serviços. Objetivo. Avaliar o conhecimento dos farmacêuticos para a prática da dispensação de medicamentos e da Atenção Farmacêutica em drogarias, verificando suas condutas para executá-las. Casuística e Métodos. Durante o desenvolvimento deste estudo descritivo, todas as drogarias de quatro municípios brasileiros foram visitadas entre outubro e dezembro de 2012 e os farmacêuticos que atuavam nesses estabelecimentos foram convidados a responder um questionário estruturado e validado contendo 47 perguntas relacionadas aos profissionais e às drogarias onde trabalhavam. Os dados coletados foram tabulados em duplicata por dois pesquisadores independentes, sendo posteriormente analisados. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto. Resultados e Discussão. Durante a coleta de dados foram visitadas 486 drogarias e apenas 112 farmacêuticos aceitaram participar do estudo. A maioria deles era do gênero feminino (72,3%), tinha entre 20 e 30 anos de idade (48,2%), havia se formado em instituições privadas (72,8%) e trabalhava na mesma drogaria entre um e cinco anos (49,1%). Mais da metade dos participantes ocupava a função de responsável técnico (55,4%), sendo que 38,7% deles trabalhavam mais que 44h/semana e 40,3% recebiam menos que o piso salarial como remuneração. Com relação à dispensação de medicamentos, 78,6% dos farmacêuticos não apresentaram conhecimento satisfatório para realizar esse serviço, o que revela possíveis lacunas na formação e na educação continuada dos profissionais. Inversamente ao que ocorre em países mais desenvolvidos, verificou-se que as atividades gerenciais são realizadas com frequência pelos profissionais, restando um curto período de tempo para a dispensação. Fatores como o comissionamento sobre a venda de medicamentos e a comercialização de produtos alheios a saúde representam obstáculos para que as drogarias sejam compreendidas como estabelecimentos de saúde. Os participantes demonstraram não possuir conhecimento satisfatório também com relação a Atenção Farmacêutica, havendo participantes que delegam a funcionários leigos em Farmácia a responsabilidade pela execução desse serviço. Setenta e nove farmacêuticos alegaram realizar a Atenção Farmacêutica, mas apenas quatro parecem desempenhar as atividades relacionadas a essa prática conforme determina a legislação sanitária. Conclusão. Os farmacêuticos não possuem conhecimento suficiente para realizar a dispensação de medicamentos e a Atenção Farmacêutica em drogarias, além de apresentarem condutas inadequadas à promoção do uso racional de medicamentos durante a dispensação.
Introduction. The pharmacy profession is in a transition phase in which it tries to rescue the role of pharmacists as professionals responsible for the pharmacotherapy. In this way, dispensing of drugs and Pharmaceutical Care practice emerge as effective tools to enable the success of drug treatment. However, it is essential that the professional acquire the necessary knowledge and demonstrate adequate behavior to perform the pharmaceutical services mentioned above in order to provide results that improve the health of patients. Furthermore, the time spent by pharmacists with activities not related to the profession and the commercial interests on the sale of drugs may limit the proper performance of those services. Objective. To evaluate the knowledge of pharmacists to the practice of dispensing of drugs and Pharmaceutical Care in pharmacies, verifying their behavior to accomplish these services. Patients and Methods. During the development of this descriptive study, all pharmacies of four Brazilian municipalities were visited between October and December 2012. The pharmacists who worked in these establishments were invited to answer a structured and validated questionnaire containing 47 questions related to the professionals and the pharmacies where they worked. The collected data were tabulated in duplicate by two independent researchers for later analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto. Results and Discussion. During data collection, 486 pharmacies were visited but only 112 pharmacists agreed to participate on the study. Most of them were female (72.3%), from 20 to 30 years old (48.2%), graduated in private institutions (72.8%) and worked in the same pharmacy between one and five years (49.1%). More than half of the participants were pharmacist supervisors (55.4%), while 38.7% of them worked more than 44h/week and 40.3% earned less than the minimum salary recommended. Considering the dispensing of drugs, 78.6% of the pharmacists did not present enough knowledge to perform this service, which reveals possible gaps in training and continuous education of this professionals. In contrast to what occurs in more developed countries, the management activities are performed frequently by this professionals remaining a short period of time to perform dispensing of drugs. Factors such as the commissioning of drug sales and marketing of products unrelated to health represent obstacles to make the pharmacies recognized as health establishment. The participants demonstrated a lack of satisfactory knowledge even in relation to Pharmaceutical Care, since they delegate the responsibility of this service to lay employees. Seventy-nine pharmacists claimed to perform pharmaceutical care, but only four appear to perform activities related to this practice according to what is stated by the sanitary legislation. Conclusion. The pharmacists lack sufficient knowledge to perform dispensing of drugs and pharmaceutical care in pharmacies, moreover they present some inadequate behavior to promote the rational use of drugs.
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8

Makadia, Nirav, Amit Shah, and Ankur Shah. "The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Geriatric Care among Student Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623655.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of pharmacy students regarding geriatric care. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to first, second and third year pharmacy students to assess the impact of geriatric curriculum on students at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. The primary grouping variable was whether or not students had previously taken a course focused on geriatrics. Main Results: A total of 193 pharmacy students completed the questionnaire which resulted in a response rate of 64.33%. There is no comparison group for the first year class as all students in this class had never taken a geriatric-focused course. Therefore, no tests for statistical significance could be performed for this class. Students in the second year class who have taken a geriatrics-focused course scored higher than those without course experience on all four of the attitude and beliefs questions (p = 0.104, p = 0.042, p = 0.045, p = 0.025). The same held true for the third year class (p = 0.006, p <0.001, p = 0.050, p = 0.653). Both classes showed a statistically significant increase in knowledge of geriatric care in those students who have previously taken a geriatrics-focused course (p = 0.032 for second years, p = 0.022 for third years). Conclusions: This study showed that pharmacy students at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy who have previously taken a geriatrics- focused course have more positive attitudes and beliefs regarding geriatric care as well as a stronger knowledge base regarding geriatrics. With an aging population, it is important that pharmacists be knowledgeable and capable of caring for geriatric patients. Thus, we recommend that all pharmacy schools include a geriatrics-focused course as part of the standard curriculum for Pharm D. candidates.
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9

Klein, Amanda S. "Attitudes and Knowledge of Medical Students Regarding the Role of Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623646.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: To determine the attitudes of medical students towards pharmacists and the roles they play on the healthcare team and how these views change after attending an inter-professional workshop with other University of Arizona healthcare students. Methods: Questionnaires administered during a regularly scheduled class collected rating of teamwork and collaboration, roles for pharmacists in health care settings, and medical student’s expectations of the pharmacist when they are practicing physicians. Previous inter-professional workshop experience, negative experience with a pharmacist, age and sex was also collected. Main Results: Medical students’ attitudes regarding the roles of pharmacist in health care settings became more positive after attending the IPE workshop compared to their attitudes before attending the IPE workshop (X2 = 7.671, p-value = 0.005) and was maintained 1 year after the workshop (X2 = 6.304, p-value = 0.012). Medical students expected pharmacists to be more capable and had higher expectations for them after attending the IPE workshop (X2 = 17.393, p-value = <0.001) and was maintained 1 year after the workshop (X2 = 5.955, p-value = 0.015). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the inter-professional workshop is successful in changing the attitudes of medical students towards pharmacists and the roles they play on the healthcare team. The medical students maintained this change in attitude one year after the inter- professional workshop.
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10

Makadia, Nirav, Amit Shah, Ankur Shah, and Jeannie Lee. "The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Geriatric Care among Student Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614508.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of pharmacy students regarding geriatric care. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to first, second and third year pharmacy students to assess the impact of geriatric curriculum on students at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. The primary grouping variable was whether or not students had previously taken a course focused on geriatrics. Main Results: A total of 193 pharmacy students completed the questionnaire which resulted in a response rate of 64.33%. There is no comparison group for the first year class as all students in this class had never taken a geriatric-focused course. Therefore, no tests for statistical significance could be performed for this class. Students in the second year class who have taken a geriatrics-focused course scored higher than those without course experience on all four of the attitude and beliefs questions (p = 0.104, p = 0.042, p = 0.045, p = 0.025). The same held true for the third year class (p = 0.006, p <0.001, p = 0.050, p = 0.653). Both classes showed a statistically significant increase in knowledge of geriatric care in those students who have previously taken a geriatrics-focused course (p = 0.032 for second years, p = 0.022 for third years). Conclusions: This study showed that pharmacy students at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy who have previously taken a geriatrics-focused course have more positive attitudes and beliefs regarding geriatric care as well as a stronger knowledge base regarding geriatrics. With an aging population, it is important that pharmacists be knowledgeable and capable of caring for geriatric patients. Thus, we recommend that all pharmacy schools include a geriatrics-focused course as part of the standard curriculum for Pharm D. candidates.
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11

Masilamoney, Mehrusha. "Medicine use in swallowing-impaired patients: Pharmacists’ knowledge, practice and information needs." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61940.

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Dysphagia, or swallowing impairment, is a growing problem that affects 13.5% of the general population. The ability to swallow is essential for patients taking oral medicines, so this presents a challenge for swallowing-impaired (SI) patients as tablets and capsules will usually require modification prior to ingestion. Pharmacists should play a central role in advising SI patients about their medicine use, as well as problems that may impact on safety, adherence and therapeutic outcome. However, little is known about pharmacists’ level of knowledge, their practice and their information needs when dealing with SI patients and their use of medicines. The aim of this study was to investigate pharmacist knowledge, practice and information needs relating to the support of SI patients and their medicine-related needs. The study design included both quantitative and qualitative methods. A quantitative questionnaire was developed to collect data on the knowledge, practice and information needs of pharmacists and was piloted in 10 pharmacists, which resulted in minor modifications. The questionnaire was converted to a web-based survey and emailed to all pharmacists registered with the South African Pharmacy Council. Two knowledge scores were generated by summating correct responses: knowledge of dysphagia (KOD) and knowledge of medicine use (KOMU) in SI patients. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the strength of the relationship between specific variables with KOD and KOMU using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with pharmacists from community, hospital and primary healthcare clinics in both a small town and a major metropole. The aim was to gain deeper understanding of issues arising from the survey, and to explore preferences for topic-specific information materials. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. A total of 439 pharmacists responded to the survey, with 67% being females.The mean KOD score out of a maximum score of 10 was 6.1 ± 1.8. KOD was inadequate (<5) in just over one-third (37.8%) of pharmacists. The mean KOMU score achieved (maximum score 17) was 9.4 ± 2.0, with inadequate knowledge (<10) being established in just over two-thirds of pharmacists (70.8%). Age, length of registration as a pharmacist, and years of practice in a setting with direct patient interaction were significantly but weakly correlated with KOMU, whereas KOD showed no significant association with these variables. Qualification significantly influenced both KOD and KOMU; the highest group with adequate knowledge had either a Masters or a PharmD degree. Fewer than half the pharmacists (44%) never ask patients about their swallowing ability, and most (86%) reported no knowledge of locally available viscosity enhancers. Almost all pharmacists were interested in receiving information materials on assisting SI patients with their medicine use. Three major themes emerged from the semi-structured interviews. Pharmacists recognised their knowledge deficit and felt that lack of both undergraduate training and formal training during practice, as well as limited exposure to SI patients, were contributing factors. Barriers to their practice with SI patients included lack of time, lack of institutional support and lack of easily accessible references on the pharmacists’ role in supporting medicine use in SI patients. Lastly, most pharmacists were not prepared to take ownership of medicine-related problems in SI patients and had conflicting opinions of the pharmacists’ role, usually shifting the responsibility of medicine use in SI patients to nurses. This is the first study to investigate pharmacist knowledge of medicine use in SI patients. The findings indicate that pharmacists do not have the requisite knowledge when dealing with SI patients and their medicine-taking issues despite being the most highly trained healthcare professionals in this field. Lack of undergraduate training, in-house training and limited exposure to SI patients were reported to contribute to poor knowledge. Current practice revealed that there appears to be poor communication among different healthcare professionals, pharmacists were reluctant to work with and/or train nurses on appropriate medicine use in SI patients, and there appeared to be ambiguity surrounding the role of a pharmacist. This research identified that pharmacists regard this topic to be highly relevant to their everyday practice and are keen to receive more information and training relating to this area of study. Information materials were designed and will be made accessible to all pharmacists registered in South Africa.
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Ramsamy-Prat, Padma. "Le savoir relationnel du pharmacien." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1000/document.

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Les compétences de communication dans les métiers de service sont essentielles dans la résolution de problèmes liés à la relation humaine. Cependant, ces savoirs et leur acquisition demeurent mal connus. Dans ce travail, nous cherchons à comprendre comment ce que nous appelons les savoirs relationnels s'acquièrent. Pour cela, en effectuant une immersion dans sept officines parisiennes, nous observons comment la confrontation à des traces d'activité réelle distingue les savoirs d'action et les savoirs théoriques. A partir du matériau recueilli (entretiens et films), nous analysons les pratiques langagières pour comprendre à travers celles-ci quels sont les savoirs qui participent à la mise en scène de compétences relationnelles ainsi que leurs modalités de fonctionnement.Nous observons que dans le cours d'action, un dispositif se met en place. Ce dispositif montre un ensemble de pratiques langagières ayant pour objectif de faire face à la situation présente et de faire correspondre des relations et dans les mécanismes et les jeux de pouvoir. Par conséquent, des micro-actes de communication tels que coopérer, plaisanter, regarder, écouter ou compatir sortent de l'ombre dans laquelle on les enfouit, et se donnent à voir à travers des catégories de relation.Mots clefs: savoir relationnel, compétence, communication, micro-acte
Our focus is aimed at communication skills in service occupations because they represent key competencies in problem solving related to human relations. However, this knowledge and their acquisition appear insufficient in literature. This research aims at showing how, what we call relational skills (interpersonal skills and relationships) are acquired. A full day immersion in seven pharmacies enabled to observe and confront actual activity and distinguish knowledge-in-action and intelligibility. From the material obtained (elicitation interviews and film), we analyse language discourse to understand through language what knowledge participate to the presentation of relational competencies and their functioning mode.In the course of action, a setting takes place. This setting shows several language practices aiming to face the present situation and make relationships and power games correspond. Consequently, micro activities of communication such as cooperating, joking, looking, listening or showing compassion leave a cloudy space where they are housed, and appear clearly through different categories of relationships.Key words: relational knowledge, competencies, communication, micro-activity
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Kritikos, Vicky. "INNOVATIVE ASTHMA MANAGEMENT BY COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS IN AUSTRALIA." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2064.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Excerpt Chapter 2 - A review of the literature has revealed that asthma management practices in the Australian community are currently suboptimal resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. In adolescent asthma there are added challenges, with problems of self-image, denial and non-adherence to therapy where self-management skills assume a greater importance (Forero et al 1996, Price 1996, Brook and Tepper 1997, Buston and Wood 2000, Kyngäs et al 2000). In rural and remote areas in Australia, asthma management practices have been shown to be poorer and mortality rates from asthma are considerably higher compared to metropolitan areas (AIHW ACAM 2005, AIHW 2006). Limited access and chronic shortages of specialist services in rural areas are shifting the burden more and more towards the primary sector (AIHW 2006). It becomes paramount that people with asthma in rural settings become involved in self-management of their asthma and that community based health care providers be more proactive in facilitating these self-management behaviours by appropriate education and counselling. Health promotion activities, which are a broad range of activities including health education, have been acknowledged as having the potential to improve the health status of rural populations (National Rural Health Alliance 2002). Community pharmacy settings have been shown to be effective sites for the delivery of health promotion, screening and education programs (Anderson 2000, Elliott et al 2002, Cote et al 2003, Hourihan et al 2003, Watson et al 2003, Boyle et al 2004, Goode et al 2004, Paluck et al 2004, Sunderland et al 2004, Chambers et al 2005, Saini et al 2006). In the case of asthma, outreach programs have been shown to have beneficial effects in terms of reducing hospital admissions and emergency visits and improved asthma outcomes (Greineder et al 1995, Stout et al 1998, Kelly et al 2000, Legorreta et al 2000, Lin et al 2004). We proposed to extend the role of the community pharmacist beyond the traditional realm of the “pharmacy” into the community in rural Australia with the first asthma outreach programs designed for community pharmacy. The outreach programs were designed to include two health promotion strategies, the first targeting adolescents in high schools and the second targeting the general community. The project aimed firstly, to assess the feasibility of using community pharmacists to deliver two asthma outreach programs, one targeting adolescents and one for the wider community in a rural area and secondly, to assess the programs’ impact on adolescent asthma knowledge and requests for information at the community pharmacy. Excerpt Chapter 3 - Patient education is one of the six critical elements to successful long-term asthma management included in international and national asthma management guidelines, which have emphasised education as a process underpinning the understanding associated with appropriate medication use, the need for regular review, and self-management on the part of the person with asthma (Boulet et al 1999, National Asthma Council 2002, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program 2002, British Thoracic Society 2003, NHLBI/WHO 2005). The ongoing process of asthma education is considered necessary for helping people with asthma gain the knowledge, skills, confidence and motivation to control their own asthma. Since most health care professionals are key providers of asthma education, their knowledge of asthma and asthma management practices often needs to be updated through continuing education. This is to ensure that the education provided to the patient conforms to best practice guidelines. Moreover, health care professionals need to tailor this education to the patients’ needs and determine if the education provided results in an improvement in asthma knowledge. A review of the literature has revealed that a number of questionnaires have been developed that assess the asthma knowledge of parents of children with asthma (Parcel et al 1980, Fitzclarence and Henry 1990, Brook et al 1993, Moosa and Henley 1997, Ho et al 2003), adults with asthma (Wigal et al 1993, Allen and Jones 1998, Allen et al 2000, Bertolotti et al 2001), children with asthma (Parcel et al 1980, Wade et al 1997), or the general public (Grant et al 1999). However, the existing asthma knowledge questionnaires have several limitations. The only validated asthma knowledge questionnaire was developed in 1990 and hence, out of date with current asthma management guidelines (Fitzclarence and Henry 1990). The shortcomings of the other knowledge questionnaires relate to the lack of evidence of the validity (Wade et al 1997, Grant et al 1999, Bertolotti et al 2001), being outdated 81 with current concepts of asthma (Parcel et al 1980) or having been tested on small or inadequately characterised subject samples e.g. subject samples consisting of mainly middle class and well educated parents (Brook et al 1993, Wigal et al 1993, Moosa and Henley 1997, Allen and Jones 1998, Allen et al 2000, Ho et al 2003). Furthermore, most of the published asthma knowledge questionnaires have been designed to assess the asthma knowledge of the consumer (i.e. a lay person with asthma or a parent/carer of a person with asthma). There is no questionnaire specifically developed to assess the asthma knowledge of health care professionals, who are key providers of asthma education. It is hence important to have a reliable and validated instrument to be able to assess education needs and to measure the impact of training programs on asthma knowledge of health care professionals as well. An asthma knowledge questionnaire for health care professionals might also be used to gauge how successful dissemination and implementation of guidelines have been. Excerpt Chapter 4 - Asthma self-management education for adults that includes information about asthma and self-management, self-monitoring, a written action plan and regular medical review has been shown to be effective in improving asthma outcomes (Gibson et al 1999). These interventions have been delivered mostly in a hospital setting and have utilised individual and/or group formats. Fewer interventions have been delivered in a primary care setting, usually by qualified practice nurses and/or general practitioners or asthma educators and, to date, their success has not been established (Fay et al 2002, Gibson et al 2003). Community pharmacy provides a strategic venue for the provision of patient education about asthma. Traditionally, patient education provided by community pharmacists has been individualised. However, group education has been shown to be as effective as individualised education with the added benefits of being simpler, more cost effective and better received by patients and educators (Wilson et al 1993, Wilson 1997). While small group education has been shown to improve asthma outcomes (Snyder et al 1987, Bailey et al 1990, Wilson et al 1993, Yoon et al 1993, Allen et al 1995, Kotses et al 1995, Berg et al 1997, de Oliveira et al 1999, Marabini et al 2002), to date, no small-group asthma education provided by pharmacists in the community pharmacy setting has been implemented and evaluated.
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Gangal, Neha. "Identifying Pharmacist´s Perception, Knowledge and Perceived Barriers towards providing care to Patients taking Anti-psychotics." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1384537361.

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15

Mayne, Rensche. "Community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude and practices on adverse drug reaction reporting in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6697.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Pharmacovigilance involves the management of sub-standard drugs, medication errors, ―off-licence‖ drugs, abuse and misuse, lack of efficacy, poisoning, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), drug interactions, expired stock destruction and drug-related mortality. Regulators and the pharmaceutical industry rely on healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, to report ADRs. The majority of pharmacists work in retail community pharmacies and they are often the first point of contact when ADRs are experienced, since self-medication, misuse of over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins and traditional medicines, increase the probability of ADRs. In South Africa (SA) ADRs have been known to cause adult deaths and hospital admissions. In first-world communities, pharmacovigilance is more common among pharmacists, however in South Africa, ADR reporting compares poorly. Studies in the public sector have found that pharmacists lack pharmacovigilance knowledge and underreport ADRs. In comparison the pharmacovigilance knowledge and practice patterns among retail community pharmacists is poorly documented.
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16

Ling, Jessica, and Diana Tang. "Student Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Herbal Medications: A Pilot Test at One University." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623650.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: To determine pharmacy students' knowledge and attitudes towards herbal medicine, and to identify factors that have the most influence on herbal knowledge. Subjects: Students in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th years of the Doctor of Pharmacy program at the University of Arizona. Methods: Questionnaires administered during regularly scheduled classes and email collected knowledge, attitudes, and demographic data. This included age, gender, highest level of education, completion of herbal medication/OTC course, practice site, availability of herbals and herbal information at the practice site, and use of herbal medication in a family member. Main Results: Questionnaires were completed by 270 out of the 395 students enrolled in pharmacy school. An average of 4.8 ± 3.02 out of the 14 questions (34%) were answered correctly on the knowledge section. Pharmacy students agreed that providing information about herbal medication is a pharmacist's professional responsibility and that an elective course on herbal medications would be useful (mean = 3.31 ± 1.52 and 3.73 ± 1.32 respectively on a scale of 0-5 where 5 = strongly agree and 0 = do not agree). Pharmacy school year and completion of an herbal/OTC course were the largest contributing factors to higher scores on the knowledge portion. Conclusions: With an average knowledge score of less than 50% and average rating of less than 2.5 out of 5, pharmacy students have a weak understanding and a low confidence level in recommending and counseling patients on herbal medications. Requiring a course that includes herbal medications may be beneficial.
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Ling, Jessica, Diana Tang, and Jeannie Lee. "Student Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Herbal Medications: A Pilot Test at One University." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614518.

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Class of 2012 abstract
Specific Aims: To determine pharmacy students' knowledge and attitudes towards herbal medicine, and to identify factors that have the most influence on herbal knowledge. Subjects: Students in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th years of the Doctor of Pharmacy program at the University of Arizona. Methods: Questionnaires administered during regularly scheduled classes and email collected knowledge, attitudes, and demographic data. This included age, gender, highest level of education, completion of herbal medication/OTC course, practice site, availability of herbals and herbal information at the practice site, and use of herbal medication in a family member. Main Results: Questionnaires were completed by 270 out of the 395 students enrolled in pharmacy school. An average of 4.8 ± 3.02 out of the 14 questions (34%) were answered correctly on the knowledge section. Pharmacy students agreed that providing information about herbal medication is a pharmacist's professional responsibility and that an elective course on herbal medications would be useful (mean = 3.31 ± 1.52 and 3.73 ± 1.32 respectively on a scale of 0-5 where 5 = strongly agree and 0 = do not agree). Pharmacy school year and completion of an herbal/OTC course were the largest contributing factors to higher scores on the knowledge portion. Conclusions: With an average knowledge score of less than 50% and average rating of less than 2.5 out of 5, pharmacy students have a weak understanding and a low confidence level in recommending and counseling patients on herbal medications. Requiring a course that includes herbal medications may be beneficial.
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Lauran, Hanna. "How extended is the knowledge regarding illegal substances and addictive drugs among pharmacists in Sweden? : A survey conducted for qualified pharmacists with different work experience." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122769.

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19

Richman, Alice R. "The Role of Pharmacists and Emergency Contraception: An Assessment of Pharmacy School Curricula in the U.S. and the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Dispensing Practices of Florida Pharmacists." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002721.

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20

Taiwo, Olaniyi O. "Roles of Community Pharmacists in Improving Oral Health Awareness in Plateau State, Northern Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3729.

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There is poor oral health awareness in Nigeria. This is mainly attributed to limited access to correct information on oral health as well as a lack of oral health care providers. The impact of the poor oral health awareness is worse in Northern Nigeria due to the uneven distribution of oral health care workers and training facilities. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe the roles of community pharmacists (CPs) in Plateau State, Nigeria as sources of oral health information. Theoretical framework for this study was the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Background knowledge and practices of oral health care by CPs were assessed as related to their demographic characteristics. A 1 sample t-test was used to assess CPs' knowledge of oral health. A binary logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate if some demographic variables could predict Plateau State CPs' interest in becoming more involved in provision of services on oral health problems. According to the study findings, the CPs had a good disposition towards engaging in oral health prevention services by providing some oral health services to patients with oral health problems. In addition, 94.7% of the CPs were willing to advance the cause of oral health care. The disposition of CPs towards oral health could serve as a platform to help propagate oral health care and awareness in their communities. Engaging the CPs might help reduce oral health disparities by increasing oral health awareness, improving oral health-seeking behavior and oral hygiene practices, and improving quality of life via cost effective delivery of pharmacy-based oral health care services.
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Davis, Erica, Sarah Norman, Lisa Goldstone, and Terri Warholak. "Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Led Medication Education Group on Patient-Reported Attitudes and Knowledge, Including a Rasch Analysis of the Questionnaire Used." The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614232.

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Class of 2013 Abstract
Specific Aims: To assess the effect of a pharmacist-led education group on psychiatric patient-reported attitudes, knowledge, and confidence in self-managing medications. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire given to patients who attended a pharmacist-led medication education group was also evaluated. Methods: A retrospective pre-post questionnaire was distributed patients and collected variables collected including patient self-reported medication knowledge and attitudes, demographics, previous psychiatric hospitalizations, length of group attended, and outpatient pharmacist relationships. Knowledge and attitude items were measured on a 4-point Likert-type scale with response options ranging from “agree” to “disagree.” Rasch analysis was conducted to ensure all items measured the same construct and the probability of the person responding to an item was not dependent on other assessment items. Rasch measurement includes several diagnostic indices that allow item-specific and person-specific examinations of data reliability and measurement fit. In addition, the Rasch technique makes it possible to evaluate the contribution of each person’s measures on each item. A z-test was used to evaluate for instrument content gaps and a dependent t-test was performed to measure for statistical differences before and after the intervention. Main Results: Sixty patients responded to the Medication Attitude and Knowledge Questionnaire over a 16-week period. Gaps identified were not statistically significant (p=0.1064 and 0.5305) indicating that content validity is comprehensive. On a group level, no significant differences were identified in patient answers before and after the intervention (p=0.2162, p=0.8292). When each patient was analyzed separately, only one patient out of 60 showed a significant difference in answers after the intervention. Results also demonstrated that after attending a group, 100% of patients indicated they intended to adhere to their medication regimen post-discharge. Conclusion: This evaluation was unique because patient attitudes were explored before and after medication education group attendance. Medication Attitude and Knowledge items were valid and reliable.
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22

Renet, Sophie. "Patients atteints de maladies chroniques pulmonaires et pharmaciens : identification et modélisation des échanges de savoirs." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100117.

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Dans une période marquée par un bouleversement des systèmes d’information et de santé et de la place de la maladie dans la société, la question du rapport au savoir en santé devient essentielle. La relation soignant-soigné, anciennement vécue sur un mode passif, est aujourd’hui un échange actif de savoirs entre deux individus et deux mondes sociaux, partenaires. Ces constats remettent en cause les rapports soignant-soigné, entre savoir savant et savoir profane, et les modèles de pratiques existants. En alliant les atouts des sciences de l’éducation à celles des modélisations mathématiques, nous avons caractérisé comment les patients atteints d’asthme ou d’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire échangeaient de l’information et des savoirs avec les pharmaciens de ville et hospitaliers. La méthodologie générale faisait appel à la stratégie de triangulation et se divisait en 4 parties : une analyse de la littérature, un remue-méninges, une analyse de contenu de 39 entretiens semi-dirigés, une étude statistique utilisant l’analyse des correspondances simples basée sur un questionnaire diffusé à 124 patients. La nature de l’échange de savoirs (ES) était composée de 3 dimensions interdépendantes que nous avons modélisée : « Modèle 3 C : cure, care et coordination ». L’intensité et la nature de l’ES variaient selon le type de pharmacien impliqué, la maladie, sa durée, son grade de sévérité, l’âge, le niveau d’apprenance, les représentations des patients vis-à-vis des pharmaciens et des médicaments. Le partenariat avec les professionnels de santé, le patient et les aidants, constituait une composante indispensable et facilitatrice de l’ES. L’ES contribuait à l’autoformation des patients pour acquérir des compétences d’autosoins et mieux gérer leur maladie chronique et ses impacts. Nous avons mis en évidence que le pharmacien s’apparentait à un facilitateur de l’autoformation des patients, de l’éducation diffuse et du bricolage des savoirs ; la pharmacie, officinale ou hospitalière constituait l’embryon d’un tiers-lieu
In this period of change characterized by a disruption of information and health systems, the relationship issue of knowledge becomes more essential. The healthcare professional-patient relationship, formerly based on a passive mode, has become an active exchange of knowledge between two individuals and two social worlds, seen as partners. These observations challenge the healthcare professional -patient relationship, between scholar and lay knowledge, and existing practice models. Combining the strengths of Education Sciences to those of mathematical modeling, this work allows us accurately characterizing how patients with asthma or pulmonary arterial hypertension shared information and knowledge with both community and hospital pharmacists. This study uses a triangulation strategy and combines 4 parts: a literature analysis, a brainstorming, a content analysis of 39 semi-directed interviews and a correspondance analysis based on a questionnaire submitted to 124 patients. The nature of knowledge exchange consisted in 3 interrelated dimensions that we modeled : “3C Model: Cure, Care and Coordination”. The exchange intensity and nature varied with the type of pharmacist involved, the pathology, the severity and disease duration, the patient age, the knowledge level. The patient representations towards pharmacists and medicine also influenced the nature. We identified that the partnership between healthcare professionals, patients and caregivers was a fundamental component and a facilitator of knowledge exchange. We found that the knowledge exchange contributed to the self-training of patient to acquire self-care skills and better manage their chronic disease and its impacts. Finally, this study allowed highlighting (1) the pharmacist was a facilitator of patients selftraining, diffuse education and self-made knowledge; (2) the community and hospital pharmacies were the location where all these take place, as a third place
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Alyssa, Chen. "An assessment of pharmacist & patient knowledge of and attitudes toward reporting adverse drug reactions in patients with epilepsy." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32132.

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24

Alhamarneh, Y. N. "Coronary Heart Disease-Public Knowledge and The Pharmacist's Patient-Centred Role in Prevention and Management." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527655.

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25

Metcalfe, Dawnna Elisabeth, KariLynn Dowling-McClay, and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Engagement in Hepatitis C and HIV Prevention: Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Non-Prescription Syringe Dispensing Legislation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2020/presentations/36.

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Since 2010, the incidence of acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections in the U.S. has nearly quadrupled. Re-use and sharing of syringes among people who inject drugs (PWID) is a significant contributor to increased rates of HCV transmission and a risk factor for HIV infection. Community pharmacists are uniquely positioned to offer harm reduction services that lower the transmission of HCV/HIV by providing sterile syringes to PWID. However, legislation on non-prescription syringe dispensing varies by state and differences in individual pharmacists’ interpretation and attitudes regarding these laws may impact their willingness to participate in harm reduction services. Little is known about the impact of these factors on pharmacist engagement with harm reduction services in central Appalachia, a region particularly hard-hit by the opioid epidemic. The objective of this project is to qualitatively evaluate open-ended responses collected as part of a survey administered to community pharmacists in three central Appalachian states in order to determine: 1) pharmacists’ knowledge and attitudes regarding their state’s non-prescription syringe dispensing laws; and 2) the correlation of attitudes about state legislation to pharmacists’ intent to sell syringes to PWID. A telephonic community pharmacist survey on non-prescription syringe attitudes and behaviors was conducted between April and June 2018 in Northeast Tennessee, Western North Carolina, and Southwest Virginia. Survey responses were obtained from pharmacists practicing in 391 community pharmacies (51% response rate) in the study region. Transcribed responses to open-ended survey questions were extracted from the dataset and a qualitative analysis was completed using a generalized inductive approach. A single investigator coded all qualitative data and a second investigator coded data from a random selection of 10% of the respondents in order to develop themes through consensus. Descriptive analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 to compare syringe law attitude thematic categories to respondents’ intent to sell syringes to PWID. Preliminary analysis identified discrepancies in pharmacists’ non-prescription syringe law knowledge, state-specific differences in pharmacists’ non-prescription syringe law attitudes, and underlying differences in willingness to sell syringes to PWID based on attitudes. The findings may encourage pharmacists to reflect on personal attitudes and interpretation of state-specific legislation as factors that may influence participation in an evidence-based harm reduction strategy for prevention of HCV/HIV transmission. This study offers preliminary results that will serve as a basis for larger studies and interventions aimed at reducing ambiguity in pharmacists’ interpretation of non-prescription syringe dispensing laws and encouraging pharmacists to counter the spread of HCV/HIV in an evidence-based manner.
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26

Christeson, Diana, Bumika Patel, and Polly Mitchner-Senecal. "Development of a Survey Instrument to Assess Pharmacists' Knowledge and Attitudes About the Use of Opioids in Chronic Pain." The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624417.

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Class of 2007 Abstract
Objectives: To conduct a survey instrument on a pharmacists’ knowledge of and attitudes toward dispensing narcotic medications for the management of chronic pain. Methods: A focus group of 39 pharmacy managers for a local chain drug store reviewed 6 knowledge questions and 10 attitude statements for content validity, clarity and readability. The results of their responses to the survey and other comments were tabulated and analyzed. Results: The focus group sample was small and results were not statistically significant. Pharmacists were highly confident about their training, yet most did not score well on the test, especially those questions designed to distinguish between addiction, pseudo-addiction and tolerance. This limited knowledge may have been related to age since many of the wrong answers selected were based on older definitions. Several questions and statements were identified as ambiguous, plus having unclear directions or incorrect information. Focus group discussions confirmed the limited knowledge found in the survey and clarified pharmacist's responses to the attitude statements. Conclusions: What is clear from the literature and our study is that pharmacists' knowledge about chronic pain and the uses of opioids strongly influences their attitdues. Therefore, the survey questions and statements need to be reworded and restructured to specifically evaluate the relationship between pharmacists' knowledge and their attitudes.
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27

Lam, Wai-to Ivy, and 林慧桃. "Current good clinical practice (GCP) knowledge among investigators andemployees of pharmaceutical company." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45010134.

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28

Sidahmed, Fatima. "Management of sexually transmitted infections in private pharmancies in Limpopo Province : practice and knowledge of pharmacies." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1425.

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Thesis (M.Pharm.(Pharmacology)) --University of Limpopo, 2014.
Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Private Pharmacies in Limpopo Province: Practice and Knowledge of Pharmacists Background: In 2001, the South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC) developed a strategic plan, which recognised the crucial role that pharmacists could play in controlling sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the spread of HIV infection. In South Africa, patients seek and receive treatment for STIs from pharmacies despite a legal restriction (Ward, Pharm, Butler, Mugao, Klausner, Mcfarland, Chen & Schwarcz, 2003). Current legislation bars people to seek treatment from the pharmacists for certain acute illnesses, thus significantly influencing the spread of some infections with the view that the longer infections remain untreated, the more opportunities for transmissions to occur. The perceived lack of treatment options in private pharmacies may even prevent patients from accessing advice or preventative measures at the pharmacy level (Gupta, Sane, Gurbani, Bollinger, Mehendale & Godbole, 2010). It is against this background that the study was carried out with the aim of assessing the knowledge and practice of private pharmacists in management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the Limpopo Province and ultimately assist in the reduction of the spread of HIV infections. Objectives: The objectives of the study were; to identify areas of weakness in services provided by pharmacists in management of STIs in private pharmacies; to identify possible pharmaceutical care of HIV; to determine the level of use of Department of Health Standard Treatment Guidelines of sexually transmitted infections by private pharmacy; to determine the availability of sexually transmitted infection drugs for treatment of STIs; and to identify the type of information given to clients with STI. Method: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. The study was carried out in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Out of the population of 130 pharmacies registered with the SAPC in Limpopo, a sample of 23 was selected. The pharmacies were stratified according to where they were located. This study used a questionnaire designed as an instrument of data collection. The data was collected through a face-to-face interview with the responsible pharmacist in each pharmacy outlet. This study used Simulated Client Method to evaluate the practice. In this method, simulated male and female clients visited randomly selected Pharmacies. Two scenarios were developed for a male patient with urethral discharge and a female patient with vaginal discharge. The simulated clients on a standardised reporting form, outside the pharmacy, carefully recorded all observations made during the simulated scenario. Data analysis: The data were analysed using cross-tabulation techniques and chi-square test was used to check existence of association. Compliance with Standard Treatment Guidelines in terms of treating STI syndrome was used as dependent variable. Location (Rural and urban) of private pharmacies, the gender of the client in the simulated client method, treating genital ulcer syndrome (GUS), treating male urethritis syndrome (MUS) and treating female vaginal discharge syndrome were used as independent variables. The existence of association between the dependent and variable was tested using the Chi-square test of independence. Result: The results showed that 27% of private pharmacies in Limpopo treated and managed STIs clients in accordance with Standard Treatment Guidelines. The structured interviews results showed that 78% of private pharmacists in Limpopo knew the linkage between HIV and STIs. Only 39% of the private pharmacists knew about the existence of Standard Treatment Guidelines and used them in daily client consultations. Cross tabulation of data on compliance with Standard Treatment Guidelines in terms of treating STI syndrome (the dependent variable) and the location of private pharmacies (the independent variable) produced a Chi-square value of 1.31. This showed that the dependent variable had no association with location of independent private pharmacies. The study found that the treatment and management of GUS, MUS and female discharge varied according to location of the private pharmacies. The medicines stocked were in line with the Standard Treatment Guidelines in both rural and urban pharmacies in the Limpopo Province. There was very high demand for STI medication without a prescription averaging of 150 clients per week. Private pharmacies in both areas gave the necessary information to their clients focused on use condom with 54%, partner notification with 38% and only 27% of pharmacists advised client to consult the physician. The simulated client visits showed the discrepancy between knowledge and actual practice of the private pharmacists. Conclusion: The majority of private pharmacies operating in the Limpopo Province do not comply with the Standard Treatment Guidelines for treatment and management of STIs due to inadequate knowledge. While there is a need to train some pharmacists in the provision of primary health care for syndromic STI treatment in order to reduce STIs and HIV transmission, the lifting of current legal restriction in South Africa that prevents pharmacists from prescribing STI medication may be necessary. The knowledge and practice of incidence of specific infections in communities served by the specific pharmacy should be part of the pharmaceutical care provision.
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Al-Alhazmi, Naif N. N. "Role of pharmacists in adverse drug reaction reporting in Holy City of Makkah, Saudi Arabia : characterisation of models for evaluating pharmacovigilance in the Holy City of Makkah and attitude and awareness of pharmacists towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6254.

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Health care systems in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere play a significant role in the lives of individuals as well as society at large. Although healthcare aims at enhancing the quality of life it can sometimes happen that treatment itself can lead to a diminution of the quality of life due to unexpected adverse effects. These problems may cause therapeutic failures or even drug-related morbidity and mortality. Consequently there is a need to have in place a system, conventionally known as Pharmacovigilance. The aims of Pharmacovigilance are to identify, quantify and continuously monitor all drug use through a system which would enable all health care professionals such as physicians, pharmacists, dentists and nurses to contribute. This thesis investigated the present knowledge of and use of, the Pharmacovigilance system in Makkah, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A mixed method yielded data that provided depth and breadth to the findings of this study. A questionnaire was designed for 170 community pharmacists and 310 respondents drawn from different medical roles across the seven hospitals in Makkah yielded some useful results. Resistance to change was identified in some groups but it was of interest to discover that 72% of respondents who admitted that their knowledge was insufficient were, nevertheless, agreed about its importance. Key issues from the analysis of the questionnaire were used to design the second phase of the sequential mixed method which involved semi structured interviews with seven senior pharmacists, one from each of the seven hospitals. Analysis yielded three overarching categories: Technology, Internalisation and Motivation. A follow up feedback survey at the end of a lecture, of a group of pharmacy students enhanced the overall findings of the study and revealed a very high degree of interest and acceptance of Pharmacovigilance reporting systems and an expressed desire for its inclusion as a subject in its own right in their training programme. Conflicting epistemological positions inherent in a mixed method are candidly admitted and no attempt is made to circumvent this difficulty. Rather, the enhanced nature of the findings is highlighted despite the opposing knowledge claims of both approaches. A key finding was that 59% of the respondents were unaware of the Saudi National Pharmacovigilance centre (NPC) and reporting arrangements. The problems of lack of internet access and of suitable reporting forms were important contributory reasons for the under-usage of the system. There is a need to raise awareness of all pharmacists of the importance of the knowledge and practice of Pharmacovigilance. Technological solutions should be implemented to facilitate reporting at all levels. Continuing professional development should include Pharmacovigilance. Resistance to change can be addressed by identifying the motivational factors that can lead to a more wholehearted acceptance of the importance of Pharmacovigilance for patient care and well-being. Indeed, these could well be the focus of future studies.
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Chaumont, Andréanne. "Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Provision Practices Of Pharmacists in Ontario: A Mixed-Methods Study Dedicated to Emergency Contraception." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35050.

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The availability of accessible, effective, and timely emergency contraception (EC) technologies is an important issue in women’s reproductive health. In Canada, three methods of EC are currently available: the levonorgestrel pill (LNg-EC), the Copper-T intrauterine device (IUD), and ulipristal acetate (UPA). This study explores the EC knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Ontario pharmacists through a mixed-methods study. The mixed-methods study includes a bilingual mailed survey with a representative sample of retail pharmacists and in-depth interviews with a subset of respondents. Results of the survey indicate that there is considerable interest among pharmacists to expand access to EC in Ontario; however, the results indicate that LNg-EC continues to be a behind-the- counter product and knowledge of other EC modalities is modest. Pharmacists view themselves as playing a critical role in patient education and counseling, as well as raising awareness about EC in the community. Developing and implementing continuing education efforts targeting pharmacists appears warranted. This research could ultimately play a role in expanding access to IUDs and UPA, as well as raising awareness of these modalities within the pharmacy community. La disponibilité à des technologies de contraception d’urgence (CU) accessible, efficace et dans un délai raisonnable est une problématique d’importance pour la santé reproductive des femmes. Au Canada, trois méthodes de CU sont actuellement disponibles : le comprimé de levonorgestrel (CU-LNg), le dispositif intra-utérin de cuivre (DIU) et l’acétate ulipristal (UPA). Cette étude multi-méthodes qui est composée d’une sondage bilingue posté à un échantillon représentatif de pharmaciens travaillant en milieu communautaire et d’entrevues réalisées avec un sous-ensemble de participants a pour but d’explorer les connaissances, les attitudes et la prestation de services des pharmaciens en Ontario par rapport à la contraception d’urgence. Les résultats des sondages démontrent qu’il y a un intérêt considérable de la part des pharmaciens quant à l’amélioration de l’accessibilité à la CU en Ontario. Toutefois, nos résultats démontrent que la CU-LNg continue d’être un produit situé en Annexe II et que les connaissances des pharmaciens quant aux autres méthodes de contraception d’urgence sont limitées. Les pharmaciens croient qu’ils sont un élément clé pour l’éducation de leurs patients et pour prodiguer des conseils sur la CU dans la communauté. Le développement et l’implantation de formation continue spécifiques aux pharmacies sont nécessaires. Cette recherche pourrait favoriser l’accessibilité au DUI et à l’UPA en plus d’améliorer les connaissances de ces technologies au sein de la communauté pharmaceutique.
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31

Schmitt, Michael Ronald. "The relationship among health literacy, physician and pharmacist counseling, written medicine information and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug risk awareness in older adults." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2009.

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32

Hatchard, Jared, Brent Houston, and Jenene Spencer. "Assessing Pharmacist’s, Pharmacy Technicians’, and Pharmacy Interns’ Knowledge of Current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Immunization Guidelines for Pregnant Women." The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614184.

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Class of 2014 Abstract
Specific Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess pharmacists’, pharmacy technicians’, and pharmacy interns’ knowledge of current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) immunization guidelines for pregnant women. Methods: Questionnaires administered to volunteers during the Arizona Pharmacy Association (AzPA) 2013 Annual Convention and Trade Show collected data showing the volunteers’ level of knowledge about current immunization guidelines; data on professional roles (pharmacist, pharmacy intern, or pharmacy technician), years in practice, current immunization certification status and activity, and practice setting were also collected. Main Results: Questionnaires were completed by 112 volunteers, including 48 pharmacists, 25 pharmacy technicians, and 39 pharmacy interns. The overall percentage of correct answers from all participants was 33%. Pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and pharmacy interns had correct answer percentages of 41%, 16%, and 34%, respectively. Pharmacy practitioners who were state certified to perform immunizations performed statistically significantly better than the non-certified group (44.2% correct versus 33% correct, P=0.012). Practitioners who work at a practice site that provides immunizations were compared with practitioners who do not, with results trending toward statistical significance, but falling just short (45.7% correct versus 36% correct, P=0.054). Conclusion: The general level of knowledge about CDC immunization guidelines appears to be inadequate among the volunteer group of pharmacy practitioners, possibly leading to missed opportunities for needed immunizations.
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33

Ramburan, Veleeni. "Integrating Complementary and Alternative Medicines into Pharmacy Practice: Identifying challenges in meeting professional responsibilities and training needs." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6296.

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Magister Pharmaceuticae - Mpharm
Community pharmacies are popular suppliers of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and pharmacists encounter requests from consumers for information on them. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which community pharmacists, and final year pharmacy students at the University of the Western Cape, can meet their professional obligations to advise on CAMs.
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Cassini, Bäckström Cristina. "Safety and efficacy ofguanfacine in treating ADHD in children and adolescents: current status of knowledge : A literature study including important factors to consider as a pharmacist in a patient-counselling role." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Farmakologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136678.

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35

Elhatab, Nesrin M. "The Community Pharmacists’ Role Enhancing Medicines Management for Type II Diabetes in Tripoli, Libya. A Randomised Controlled Trial in Community Pharmacy to Investigate Knowledge and Practice in Relation To Type II Diabetes and Glycaemic Control." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15903.

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Aim/Objectives: There were two aims; improving type II diabetes glycaemic control; and enhancing the role of community pharmacists by engaging them in type II diabetes medicine management. Methods: This quantitative study collected data from both community pharmacists and patients. In a premises survey, 426 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to community pharmacies. In a knowledge survey, 125 questionnaires were distributed to community pharmacists. In a clinical trial, 40 community pharmacies were randomly assigned to be control (18) and intervention (22) premises. Each pharmacy recruited 4 or 5 patients with type II diabetes. 225 patients were recruited and assigned to receive usual pharmacist care (n=100) or a pre-defined pharmacist intervention (n=125). Results: Community pharmacists had good knowledge of diabetes with average scores 21/29 (±3.18). The differences between control and intervention groups in patients' HbA1c and FPG changes were not significant. In the intervention group patients' diabetes knowledge was significantly improved (p=0.031). In the intervention group HbA1c and FPG improved significantly and in the control group FPG improved significantly and HbA1c did not. Patients' self-reported self-management activities improved significantly around blood glucose measurements (p<0.001) and physical exercising (p=0.001). Attitudes around the value of tight control of diabetes improved (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that community pharmacists in Libya may have the ability to improve type II diabetes care. The primary outcomes were not improved in intervention versus control. The before/after analysis showed significant improvement in primary outcomes in the intervention group and also in one of the primary outcomes in the control group. Patients' self-reported self-care activities and attitudes improved significantly in the intervention group.
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36

Magalhães, Myrelle Duarte da Costa. "O PARADIGMA DA INOVAÇÃO NO CENÁRIO INDUSTRIAL FARMACÊUTICO EM GOIÁS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2010. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2127.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Myrelle Duarte da C Magalhaes.pdf: 3067303 bytes, checksum: 87d1f99ce4c8f005ff7ed3355852317e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-24
This present dissertation makes an analysis of the industrial pharmacist scenery from Goias state due to its capaciting aspects of success to the technological inovation. Throughout the validation of the obtained pressuposition from an extent international scientific literature, it was possible to identify and determine very important aspects to the regional and sectorial development in the inovation field, covering, mainly the concepts: technology transference, knowledge transference, company and university relation, startup's academic or governamental companies, the role of scientificaltechnological centers and measures of governamental incentive. Partner members to the three spheres (government, industry and academy), all with noticeable conceptual capacity and detached professional acting, have allowed interviews to the validation of the pressupositions casted. This report assumes that the legislation grants the essential subsidies to the inovation, the projects that will make this one develop easier are in process, but it is necessary to the company and university to work together and have as bigger aim not only their own benefit, but to generate the inovation, giving profits to the entire state of Goias.
A presente dissertação analisa o cenário industrial farmacêutico do Estado de Goiás frente a aspectos habilitadores de sucesso para a inovação tecnológica. Através da validação de pressupostos obtidos de uma vasta literatura científica internacional, foi possível identificar e determinar aspectos importantes ao desenvolvimento regional e setorial no campo da inovação, envolvendo, principalmente, os conceitos de: transferência de tecnologia, transferência de conhecimento, relação entre empresa e universidade, empresas startups acadêmicas ou de base tecnológica, o papel dos parques científico-tecnológicos e medidas de incentivo governamental. Membros pertencentes às três esferas (governo, indústria e academia), todos de notória capacidade conceitual e destacada atuação profissional, permitiram ser entrevistados para a validação dos pressupostos elencados. Diante disso, este trabalho conclui que a legislação garante os subsídios necessários à inovação, tendo em vista que os projetos, que facilitarão o desenvolvimento desta, encontram-se em andamento. No entanto, é necessário que empresa e universidade atuem em conjunto e tenham como maior interesse não apenas o benefício próprio, mas sim, gerar a inovação, beneficiando todo o Estado de Goiás.
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37

Elhatab, Nesrin M. "The community pharmacist's role enhancing medicines management for type II diabetes in Tripoli, Libya : a randomised controlled trial in community pharmacy to investigate knowledge and practice in relation to type II diabetes and glycaemic control." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15903.

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Aim/Objectives: There were two aims; improving type II diabetes glycaemic control; and enhancing the role of community pharmacists by engaging them in type II diabetes medicine management. Methods: This quantitative study collected data from both community pharmacists and patients. In a premises survey, 426 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to community pharmacies. In a knowledge survey, 125 questionnaires were distributed to community pharmacists. In a clinical trial, 40 community pharmacies were randomly assigned to be control (18) and intervention (22) premises. Each pharmacy recruited 4 or 5 patients with type II diabetes. 225 patients were recruited and assigned to receive usual pharmacist care (n=100) or a pre-defined pharmacist intervention (n=125). Results: Community pharmacists had good knowledge of diabetes with average scores 21/29 (±3.18). The differences between control and intervention groups in patients' HbA1c and FPG changes were not significant. In the intervention group patients' diabetes knowledge was significantly improved (p=0.031). In the intervention group HbA1c and FPG improved significantly and in the control group FPG improved significantly and HbA1c did not. Patients' self-reported self-management activities improved significantly around blood glucose measurements (p < 0.001) and physical exercising (p=0.001). Attitudes around the value of tight control of diabetes improved (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that community pharmacists in Libya may have the ability to improve type II diabetes care. The primary outcomes were not improved in intervention versus control. The before/after analysis showed significant improvement in primary outcomes in the intervention group and also in one of the primary outcomes in the control group. Patients' self-reported self-care activities and attitudes improved significantly in the intervention group.
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38

Custódio, Rúben Emanuel Gonçalves Viegas. "Physical activity promotion in the portuguese pharmacies: a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of pharmacists." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19927.

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A inatividade física apresenta-se como um obstáculo para se atingirem populações mais saudáveis. Como tal, cada vez mais os sistemas de saúde e os seus profissionais desempenham um papel fundamental na promoção e manutenção de comportamentos que visem níveis de atividade física mais elevados. O presente estudo pretendeu caraterizar a promoção de atividade física por parte dos farmacêuticos no contexto das farmácias Portuguesas. Para caraterizar a promoção de atividade física, foi desenvolvido um questionário com base num questionário semelhante ao desenvolvido para a classe médica em Portugal, bem como pelo modelo de mudança comportamental “COM-B” e pelo Theoretical Domains Framework. Este estudo foi desenvolvido em parceria com a Associação Nacional das Farmácias (ANF), que colaborou ativamente na distribuição dos questionários aos farmacêuticos. No total obtiveram-se 396 respostas completas, o que representa cerca de 5% dos farmacêuticos Portugueses. A amostra foi composta por 86 homens (18,4%) e 381 mulheres (81,6%), com idade média de 40,0 anos (DP = 10,0), com 14,3 anos (DP= 9,0) de experiência em farmácia comunitária. Cerca de 80 % dos farmacêuticos respondeu que promove atividade física na sua rotina diária. O tipo de iniciativa de promoção de atividade física mais referido foi o aconselhamento verbal, com cerca de 90% de respostas e a caminhada a atividade física mais aconselhada, com 95% de respostas. Mais de 90% dos farmacêuticos acredita que a promoção de atividade física para a saúde e a sua promoção nas farmácias é importante ou muito importante. As principais barreiras referidas foram as oportunidades de promoção, como a falta de tempo, recursos ou interesse por parte dos utentes. Por outro lado, as capacidades, na forma de conhecimento e a motivação, na forma de interesse pela promoção e a definição do papel do farmacêutico como promotor de atividade física apresentam-se como barreiras menores. Através da análise deste questionário pretendeu-se entender as possibilidades de incluir as farmácias e os farmacêuticos como promotores de atividade física nos cuidados de saúde primários no futuro.
Physical inactivity represents an obstacle to healthier populations. Health systems and their professionals play a key role in the promotion and maintenance of behaviors contributing to higher levels of physical activity. Hence, the present study aimed to characterize physical activity promotion actions of pharmacists taking place in Portuguese pharmacies. To characterize physical activity promotion, a questionnaire was developed based on a similar questionnaire developed for the medical class in Portugal and supported by the behavioral change models/ frameworks such as the COM-B and Theoretical Domains Framework. This study was developed in partnership with the National Pharmacies Association (ANF) that actively collaborated in the distribution of questionnaires to the pharmacists. In total, 396 complete responses were obtained, representing about 5% of Portuguese pharmacists. The sample consisted of 86 men (18.4%) and 381 women (81.6%), with a mean age of 40 (SD = 10) years and 14.3 (SD = 9) years of experience in community pharmacy. About 80% of pharmacists responded they promote physical activity in their daily routine. The most frequent promotion action was verbal counseling, with about 90% of responses and walking the most advised activity, with 95% of responses. More than 90% of pharmacists believe that the promotion of physical activity for health and its promotion in the pharmacy is important or very important. The main barriers encountered were the promotion opportunities, such as lack of time, resources or interest by costumers. On the other hand, capacities, such as knowledge and motivation, such as interest for promotion and definition of the role of the pharmacist as promotor of physical activity presented themselves as minor barriers. Through the analysis of this questionnaire we intended to understand the possibilities of including pharmacies and pharmacists as promoters of physical activity in the primary health care in the future.
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39

Chao, Pin-Ting, and 趙娉婷. "Exploration of pharmacists’ knowledge about the general public’s common misconception of medication use." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66763161998445855796.

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碩士
中國醫藥大學
藥學系碩士班
99
Pharmacists play the important roles to facilitate appropriate medication knowledge disseminated toward the general public and patients. They need to update their knowledge and skills as much as possible to ensure the health care quality of medication use. However, it is unknown how to evaluate pharmacists’ professional competency to disseminate the medication use knowledge toward the patients and general publics. Knowledge as part of professional competency is not as easy to measure and interpret. A reliable and valid instrument or tool to measure the level of knowledge is important. The aim of the study was to develop an instrument to evaluate pharmacists’ appropriate medication use knowledge to understand pharmacists’ basic knowledge level and the related variables. The multiple-choice (4 choices) question with only one correct answer was selected as the type of questions developed in the instrument. The three levels of cognitive categories (i.e., knowledge, comprehension, application) using in Bloom taxonomy and five common themes covered basic medication use knowledge were utilized to create the items in the instrument. Four stages study was implemented to validate the instrument: establishing item bank, validating using content and construct validity, preliminary testing, and large-scale validation and corresponding psychometric approaches and statistic data analyses. There were 25 items in the final instrument, where the Cronbach’s ?? was 0.686. Of 209 pharmacists participated in the large-scale validation study, their total score ranged from 5 to 23 (mean: 13.9). Female and pharmacists who worked in the places not provided full time personnel for drug counseling had higher total score (p＝0.037) but other variables were not different. The correct rates of items were 4.3% to 93.3% and mean correct rate was 55.5% (?b 14.8%). Two items had poor discrimination ability. The construct validity of instrument was sufficient. Up to now, there is lack of instrument to assess pharmacists’ knowledge level on medication use. This instrument possesses sufficient reliability and validity and it could be used as a tool to evaluate pharmacists’ basic competency of medication use while they are preparing to disseminate medication use information toward the general public and patients. In the future, it is necessary to come up with a bigger validation study to ensure the instrument’s validity, reliability and feasibility
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40

Sheng-Peng, Lai, and 賴聖鵬. "Influence of Pharmacist-conducted Injectable Drug Education Program on Knowledage, Attitude, and Practice in Nurse." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22737728736105898006.

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碩士
臺北醫學大學
藥學系
91
Abstract Background Both the therapeutic adequacy and the safety of the injectable therapy can be adversely effected by physicochemical incompatibility. Incompatibilities may occur between drugs, solvents, adjuvants (preservatives, buffer, stabilizer, solvent), containers or medical devices during the preparation or administration. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of pharmacist-conducted injectable drug education program on knowledge, attitude and practice in nurse. Design The selected participants of the study were licensed nursed joined a training program at Taipei Municipal Wang-Fang Hospital（TMWFH）on April 18, 2003. The survey contained two sections: Part I contained self-administrated questionnaire to evaluate the attitude, practice knowledge difference before and after education program; Part II, estimated the persistent outcomes after two weeks. Result Fifty-two nurses completed the education program. The result showed that more than half of nurses admitted facing medium to serious problem of injectable drug incompatibilities and stabilities, 65.4% also had experienced incompatibility, and more than 70% expressed the need for the education. Before the education, the senior nurses were consulted most often（73.1%）and the package inserts was referenced most frequent（51.9%）. Spearman’s rho coefficient indicated a positive correlation between knowledge with working years（r= 0.317, p= 0.022）and age（r= 0.325, p= 0.038）. In addition, working unit at present was also an important factor affecting the knowledge, attitude and practice. Total knowledge score after education was significantly increased from 242 to 440 (p<0.001). In practice section, pharmacists became the major consultant for the participants（p<0.001）. Forty-four nurses（84.6%）admitted high level satisfaction with the education program, and more than 70% of nurses considered the program was helpful to decrease the problems of preparing and administrating injectablc drug. The education program didn’t have persistent effect on the improvement of knowledge. Conclusion The results indicated that the pharmacist-conducted injectable drug education program was helpful to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice in nurse. A better effectiveness could be achieved by establish the injectable drug file and administration system in hospital.
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CHI, SHU-FEN, and 紀淑芬. "Study on the Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Dietary Behavior of the Pharmacists in Kaohsiung District." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7yr5p4.

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碩士
嘉南藥理大學
保健營養系
107
The research is aimed at the relationship among nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of pharmacists in hospitals, clinics and community pharmacies in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Based on 4,258 pharmacists in Kaohsiung City, google form of questionnaires was given on- line and 178 of them are retrieved. A total of 160 questionnaires are valid to be analyzed in the survey. There are 34 subjects in the hospital, 74 in the clinic, and 52 in the pharmacy of the pharmacists. The statistics approaches include descriptive statistics, average value, independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation. The results indicated that the "nutrition-relatedknowledge of pharmacists" and the "weight control" are better than the "food hygiene and cooking" and the "food nutrients and functions". The total score of pharmacists' nutrition knowledge in pharmacy are better than those in hospital and clinic. Totally, the pharmacist's nutrition attitude is positive. It was found that the nutritional attitude was the highest in the "health belief", but lowest in the score of "food hygiene and cooking". Female pharmacists were better than male pharmacists in total scores and dimensionality of nutrition attitude (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the total score of dietary behavior in education, age and employment category (p < 0.05). The statistical results show that there is a positive correlation between nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude and dietary behavior of pharmacists in Kaohsiung district.
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42

Shin, Ming-Li, and 石明麗. "An Intervention Study on Knowledge of Falls Prevention and Drug Use in the Elderly Hypertensive Outpatients by a Pharmacist." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87069970134133791576.

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碩士
國立成功大學
臨床藥學研究所
94
Background：Preventing falls in the elderly is one of the most important public health issues in the world. In 2004, the population aged 65 and older had approached 9.36%, and falling is the second leading cause of injury-related death, ranked as the seventh leading cause of death, among elderly people in Taiwan. The incidence of falls in the community dwelling elderly is between 15% and 32%. The risk factors for falls in the elderly are classified as either extrinsic or intrinsic factors. Extrinsic factors are related to the environment, and intrinsic factors are related to the individual, diseases, and medication uses. Antihypertensives, antidepressants, diuretics, hypnotics, and psychotic drugs are the most frequently reported intrinsic risk factors for falls. Since hypertension is the tenth leading cause of death and has a higher prevalence in the elderly in Taiwan, we are interested to know the effect of the intervention on increasing the knowledge of fall related to drug use in the hypertensive elderly outpatients by a pharmacist Objectives：(1) to assess the effect of the intervention about knowledge of drug use, (2) to assess the effect of the intervention about knowledge of falls prevention, and (3) to analyze risk factors for falls among the hypertensive elderly outpatients. Methods：A one-group pretest-posttest design was used. This study was conducted in the outpatient clinics of the Department of Family Medicine, the National Cheng Kung University Hospital from September to December, 2005. Subjects were hypertensive outpatients aged 65 years and older and recruited by purposive sampling. A pharmacist provided a systematic education regarding the use of antihypertensives and knowledge of falls prevention. Subjects were interviewed before and 4 weeks after the intervention by using structured questionnaires which consists of knowledge of medication use, falls prevention, and demographic characteristics. Results：One hundred and ten patients completed the second interview with a response rate of 84.6%. After intervention, the mean score of self-report medication compliance of subjects was increased from 3.3±0.8 to 3.9±0.3; the knowledge of antihypertensive drug use was increased from 8.8±1.1 to 9.8±0.4; and the knowledge of falls prevention was increased from 12.4±1.4 to 14.4±0.9 (p＜0.001). The incidence of the elderly hypertensive outpatients is 31% in past year. Based on the analysis of stepwise multiple logistic regression, visual deficit, and using hypoglycemic agents and benzodiazepines are significant risk factors for falls (p＜0.05). Conclusions：The pharmacist intervention significantly increased knowledge of antihypertensive drug use and falls prevention, and improved medication compliance among the hypertensive elderly outpatients. Educations of risk factors for falls included visual deficit, using hypoglycemic agents and benzodiazepines were needed to emphasize.
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Wu, Pei-Ni, and 吳沛霓. "The Study of Knowledge of High-alert Medication and Events of Errors Among Physician Pharmacists and Nurses." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80563088882571240402.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
臨床護理研究所
95
Most of the negligence in medicine therapy occurs in physicians inappropriate prescribing, dispensing errors of pharmacists and medication administration errors of nurses. The causes of the negligence are mostly deficiency of the professional knowledge. When these medical persons lack high-alert medication knowledge will have serious impact to patients. This study wants to investigate the awareness of high-alert education knowledge in physicians, pharmacists and nurses. And this study discloses the report willingness when a medication error happens. We also analyze several adverse events. We use Hsiao (2007)’s “High-alert Medication Knowledge” questionnaire and attach a self-developed semi- structured test. The survey uses snowball sampling methodology to recruit the physicians、pharmacists and nurses of two medical center and two regional hospital in Taichung. In a total of 630 questionnaires, was dispensed and the response rate is 64.6% (N＝407). There are 20 examination questions inside each questionnaire and the maximum score is 100 points (5 points for each question). The result of this study shows that the score of physicians (77.5+11.2) in high-alert medication knowledge is higher than Pharmacists (70.1 ± 12.6) and nurses (68.5± 12.8), which is statistically significant. The background differences will influence the results of the score. They are particularly insufficient in the knowledge of potassium supplement, pediatric medicine dosage usage and chemotherapy dose calculations. Self-study is the major way for obtaining the knowledge of high-alert medications. When in doubt about the medical orders, physicians and pharmacists tend to check in pharmacopoeia and package inserts from manufacturers. But nurses ask physicians and pharmacists firstly for the answers. In the face of the medication errors, nurses are more willing to making a truthful report other than physicians and pharmacists. The reasons for not reporting are no significant damage to patient, minor mistakes and fear of legal disputes. This study collects 52 inappropriate prescribing, 48 dispensing errors and 259 medication administration errors. The data reveals that most errors are about giving wrong drug and wrong dose. In the 359 cases of medication errors, 54 (15.0%) caused serious consequences (critical conditions, coma, death...etc.). The conclusion is that the awareness of high-alert medication knowledge between physicians, pharmacists and nurses are insufficient. There are many causes to determine the report willingness when a medication error happens. These findings could be useful in clinical education, betterment of our report systems and improvement in medicine safety.
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shen, meng-shuo, and 沈錳碩. "Physicians'' and Pharmacists'' Knowledge, Attitudes andSuggestions to Pharmaceutics Service in Long Term Care." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03109017632429859834.

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45

Chen, Wei-Ming, and 陳威明. "-Investigation of UV Radiation Knowledge and Sun Protection Means- A Case Study on Pharmacists in Continuing Classes." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pq4n38.

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碩士
中華科技大學
健康科技研究所在職專班
102
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by the sun. Small amounts of UV are essential for humans, animals and plants, however overexposure may result in a harmful effect on them. The ozone layer acts like a giant sunshade, protecting plants and animals from much of the sun's harmful UV radiation. Depletion of the ozone layer can lead to more serious health problems, including skin cancer, premature aging of the skin, cataracts and other eye damage, and immune system suppression. Community pharmacists are considered as a source of drug information for the public. For these reasons, community pharmacists must have sufficient medication knowledge to optimize therapy for the patients. To reach this goal, they should have excellent medication knowledge and must be well rounded in all aspects of pharmaceutical care. The strength of the sun's UV radiation is high in Taipei throughout the year. Abundant knowledge of UV radiation and sun care is good for pharmacists and public. Therefore, we conducted this study to understand the knowledge level of UV radiation and sun care among community pharmacists in Taipei. A questionnaire was distributed in 2013. Three hundred and forty-four pharmacists participated in continuing education were surveyed at this study. This study demonstrated that： 1.All pharmacists participated in the continuing education generally agreed that knowledge of UV radiation and sun care is very important. 2.Pharmacists’ gender, age, years of practice on the knowledge of UV radiation and sun protection with significant differences. 3.Pharmacists recognize that people's information source of UV radiation and sun protection is mainly from community chain drug stores and independent drug stores. 4.Pharmacists recognize that most of people purchase sunscreen products at the drug stores. The effectiveness of sunscreen products is the major consideration to accept. Next consideration is the budget. NT dollar 300 to 500 is acceptable. 5.Pharmacists recognize that people's awareness of applying sunscreen correctly should be compulsory. 6.Pharmacists practicing over five years are intensely enthusiastic to provide sun care information to the public. The results show that introducing the knowledge of UV damage and sun protection at pharmacy continuing education courses will be helpful to pharmacists. Based on the result we recommend that an efficient policy of education on the UV damage and effective use of sunscreens should be implemented. By way of the right guidance of sun care knowledge from pharmacists leads public to reduce UV damage from the sun and let people enjoy a healthy, happy outdoor activities.
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Bogolubova, Sophia. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses and pharmacists towards adverse drug reaction reporting in the Private Sector." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25330.

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A dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Pharmacy (MPharm) in the School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology at the University of the Witwatersrand. 05 February 2018.
Background: Pharmacovigilance is an important tool not only in protecting patients from potentially harmful effects of medicines, but it plays a role in providing good quality of care and monitoring efficacy of drug products within a population. Spontaneous reporting is a system of reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) practiced worldwide as part of the WHO Programme for International Drug Monitoring. Unfortunately, the major drawback of this system is the underreporting of ADRs. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted amongst pharmacists and nurses in six private hospitals in Gauteng. A pre-designed and structured multiple choice questionnaire containing 20 close-ended questions was used to assess demographics (four questions), knowledge (six questions), attitudes (five questions) and practices (five questions) of participants. E-mail and manual questionnaires were provided to target as many nurses and pharmacists as possible. Electronic responses were captured as they were submitted, while manual responses were collected by the principle investigator from a contact person identified within each hospital. The data obtained was analysed using appropriate statistical analysis through Microsoft Excel 2010 and Google Forms software. Results: A total of 233 healthcare professionals participated in the study. Although three quarters of participants believed ADR reporting to be important, most had received no previous pharmacovigilance training and did not know how to report an ADR. 87.1% of participants believed that all ADRs should be reported, with 75.5% of participants believing they would report all ADRs they encountered in the future provided they had sufficient training and knowledge. The major factors discouraging participants from reporting was a lack of awareness with respect to the process of reporting as well as a lack of access to the ADR reporting form. Conclusion: This study indicates that the majority of participants require further training regarding ADR reporting. Although the knowledge of most participants was acceptable, the transition into practice needs to be improved.
LG2018
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47

Palmer, David Craig. "A study to determine the perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of selected South African pharmacists on the chiropractic profession." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/366.

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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2008. ix, 106 leaves
Pharmacists are seen as a trustworthy source of advice and information to many people. Their accessibility, approachability and availability enable them numerous opportunities to offer health education and advice in an informal environment. Patient use of and demand for complementary and alternative practitioners including chiropractors, continues to increase, however there have been no studies to determine the extent of the pharmacists knowledge and perceptions/attitudes towards these alternative practitioners. Thus the purpose of this study was to determine the current perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of selected South African pharmacists with respect to the chiropractic profession. This will provide a basis for future studies, as well as a knowledge base to facilitate greater understanding and co-operation between pharmacists and chiropractors.
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48

Lo, Yi-Lun, and 羅伊倫. "A Study on the Consumers' Knowledge ,Attitude and Situational nfluence on Consumer Behavior at Chain Pharmacies." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84916617744651172858.

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碩士
亞洲大學
經營管理研究所
94
As the independence of consumers in consumption enhances, traditional pharmacies are facing transformation, and become chain stores. The traditional pharmacies have closed shelf display, but chain pharmacies have open shelf and able to meet all of consumers’ needs. Therefore, this research studied the relationships among the consumers’ knowledge, attitude, situational influence, and consumer behavior in chain pharmacies, and examined the variables of lifestyle, demographic statistics, and consumption behaviors, in order to find out the effects of the consumers’ knowledge, attitude, and situational influence on the consumer behaviors. The “structural equation modeling” was used to validate the cause and effect relationship of the model. The results showed that: 1) The situational influence can directly affect the consumer behaviors. 2) The situational influence can directly affect the consumers’ attitude. 3) The situational influence can indirectly affect the consumer behaviors through the attitude. 4) The consumers’ behaviors can have significant effect on the consumer behaviors. 5) The consumers’ knowledge has insignificant effect on the consumer behaviors, as well as the indirect effect through attitude. Based on the above results, the consumption behaviors of chain pharmacies have less rational consumption knowledge, but do not affect the consumer behaviors. The perceptual situational influence has significant effect on the consumer behavior, indicating that the operation of chain pharmacies should focus on perception instead of rationality.
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49

Setshekgamollo, Masoto Mapula. "Knowledge of hypertensive patients and practice of pharmacists in the management of hypertension at the Dikgale Primary Health Clinics, Limpopo Province." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/3418.

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Abstract:
Thesis (M.Pharm.) -- University of Limpopo -- 2020
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are chronic diseases in nature, have been the most common cause of death and disability globally for the last three decades. The prevalence of hypertension in South Africa has been estimated to be 20% of the adult population with over six million people being affected. Patient’s knowledge and awareness of blood pressure plays an important role in achieving successful control of hypertension. Although it is important for a physician to be involved in this educational process, pharmacists also have a role to play in this regard. Given their accessibility and drug therapy expertise, pharmacists are a logical choice and a valuable asset to improve hypertension management via team-based care and also when they are in direct consultation with the patients. Methods: The study involved both qualitative and quantitative research methods. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to collect data from 341 patients attending the 4 clinics at Ga-Dikgale. A semi-structured one-on-one interviews were used as data collection for 20 pharmacists working at Mankweng hospital until saturation was reached. Results: On the knowledge about definition, 30.7% were knowledgeable and 5.8% were highly knowledgeable. On the knowledge about treatment, 48% were highly knowledgeable. With regards to lifestyle modifications 77.8% were highly knowledgeable. For complications of hypertension, 63.2% were highly knowledgeable. Amongst the participants level of education proved to play a significant role on the knowledge of hypertension. The study also revealed that pharmacists shared similar practices in the management of hypertension. The following themes emerged from the data analysis, using Tesch’s inductive, descriptive coding technique of qualitative data analysis: Perceived roles of pharmacists during the management of hypertensive patients, expectations of pharmacists during provision of medication to hypertensive patients, and challenges related to pharmacists’ practices during care of hypertensive patient}s. Conclusions: The results of the quantitative study indicated that participants at Dikgale have good knowledge about hypertension, although previous studies indicate high rates of cardio-metabolic risk factors for hypertension. Further studies need to be conducted to determine reasons for patients not practicing lifestyle modifications. The results of the qualitative study indicated that there are common practices of pharmacists in the management of hypertension. More attention should be focused on training pharmacists on how to provide comprehensive counselling to hypertensive patients. There should also be workshops for pharmacists on how to efficiently educate patients on hypertension.
VLIR
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50

Moczygemba, Leticia Rae 1978. "The impact of pharmacist provision of medication therapy management (MTM) on medication and health-related problems, medication knowledge, and medication adherence among Medicare beneficiaries." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/17883.

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This study used the Andersen Model for Health Services Utilization to examine a pharmacist-provided telephone MTM program among Medicare Part D beneficiaries. Predisposing (age, gender, race) and need factors (number of medications, number of chronic diseases, medication regimen complexity) were assessed. The health behavior, MTM utilization, distinguished the intervention and control groups. The health outcomes were change in number of medication-related problems, change in medication adherence [using the medication possession ratio (MPR)], and change in total drug costs. Medication knowledge, medication adherence (using the Morisky Scale), and patient satisfaction were also measured in the intervention group. The intervention and control groups were not significantly different in age (71.2 ± 7.5 vs. 73.9 ± 8.0 years), number of medications (13.0 ± 3.2 vs. 13.2 ± 3.4), number of chronic diseases (6.5 ± 2.3 vs. 7.0 ± 2.1), and medication regimen complexity [21.5 (range 8 – 43) vs. 22.8 (range 9 – 42.5)], respectively. For the subset of problems that was evaluated in the intervention and control groups, 4.8 (± 2.7) and 9.2 (± 2.9) problems were identified at baseline and 2.7 (± 2.3) and 8.6 (± 2.9) problems remained at the 3-month follow-up, respectively. Cost-related and preventative care needs and drug-drug interactions were the three most common problems identified. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the intervention group had significantly more problems resolved (p < 0.0001) when compared to the control group, while controlling for predisposing and need factors. Significantly fewer problems were resolved (p = 0.01) as number of diseases increased and significantly more problems were resolved (p = 0.01) as medication regimen complexity increased. There were no significant predictors of change in MPR or total drug costs from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. Medication knowledge and medication adherence measured by the Morisky scale did not change significantly from baseline to the 2-week follow-up. However, patients were very satisfied with the service. A pharmacist-provided telephone MTM program was an effective method for identifying and resolving medication and health-related problems. A longer follow-up period may be necessary to detect the impact of pharmacist provision of MTM on adherence, total drug costs, and knowledge.
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