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Journal articles on the topic 'Pharmacological intervention'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

&NA;. "PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION." Gastroenterology Nursing 33, no. 6 (2010): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sga.0b013e318200c8b9.

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Underwood, S. R. "MRI with pharmacological intervention." International Journal of Cardiac Imaging 11, S1 (March 1995): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01142216.

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Melander. "Pharmacological intervention: the antidiabetic approach." European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28 (September 1998): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1998.0280s2023.x.

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Rissanen. "Pharmacological intervention: the antiobesity approach." European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28 (September 1998): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1998.0280s2027.x.

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5

Jain, Raka, Pradipta Majumder, and Tina Gupta. "Pharmacological Intervention of Nicotine Dependence." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/278392.

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Nicotine dependence is a major cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. Various medications have been tried to treat nicotine dependence including nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline. A newer venture to nicotine dependence treatment is a nicotine vaccine which is yet to get footsteps in common practice. The present review assimilates various pharmacotherapeutic measures to address nicotine dependence. However, it is to be noted that psychological interventions, when combined with pharmacotherapy, offer the greatest benefits to the patients.
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Gunn, A. J., C. E. Williams, L. Bennet, C. J. Cook, and P. D. Gluckman. "Perinatal Cerebral Asphyxia: Pharmacological Intervention." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 3, no. 1-2 (1988): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000263339.

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Choi, Geun Joo, Hee-Kyeong Seong, and Hyun Kang. "Pharmacological intervention for ambulatory surgery." Medicine 99, no. 32 (August 7, 2020): e21580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000021580.

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Richards, Lisa. "Behavioral intervention enhances pharmacological therapy." Nature Reviews Urology 6, no. 7 (July 2009): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2009.117.

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Lithgow, Gordon J., Matthew S. Gill, Anders Olsen, and James N. Sampayo. "Pharmacological intervention in invertebrate aging." AGE 27, no. 3 (September 2005): 213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11357-005-3625-3.

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Beckand, Thomas, and Gerhard W. Bielenberg. "Pharmacological intervention of cerebral ischemia." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 7 (January 1986): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(86)90409-8.

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Landreville, Philippe, Annick Bédard, René Verreault, Johanne Desrosiers, Nathalie Champoux, Johanne Monette, and Philippe Voyer. "Non-pharmacological interventions for aggressive behavior in older adults living in long-term care facilities." International Psychogeriatrics 18, no. 1 (February 17, 2006): 47–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610205002929.

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Background: Aggressive behavior (AB) is common in institutional settings. It is an important issue because of its consequences on both the person manifesting such behaviors and their caregivers. Although there are numerous studies assessing non-pharmacologic strategies to manage AB in older adults, no extensive review of the literature is available. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in institutional settings.Method: Papers describing the assessment of a non-pharmacological intervention to manage AB in which participants were at least 60 years old and living in a long-term care facility were selected mainly by searching various databases.Results: A total of 41 studies were identified and included in the review. These studies mainly use quasi-experimental designs and include less than 30 participants. Sixty-six percent (27/41) of the studies report either a statistically or behaviorally significant reduction of AB as a result of a non-pharmacological intervention. Staff training programs and environmental modifications appear to be the most effective strategies.Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions seem effective for managing AB. Future studies on the effectiveness of these interventions need to be more rigorous. Development in this field needs to be based on knowledge regarding the determinants of AB in older adults.
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Mathur, A., J. Browning, and AK Mistri. "Non-pharmacological management of urinary incontinence." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 20, no. 4 (September 27, 2010): 268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259810000274.

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SummaryUrinary incontinence is a common and under-reported symptom, affecting one in five people, with a higher prevalence in women and those who are elderly. It can have a major impact on physical health and social activity. Initial assessment to categorize symptom type is the key to guiding further therapy. Non-pharmacological (NP) options are preferred as first-line intervention, and if unsuccessful, are followed by anticholinergics, often in combination with NP options. Surgical intervention must be sought where appropriate. However, NP interventions are often not considered due to uncertainty about the evidence-base, perceived difficulty of application and perhaps a lack of awareness of or access to specialist continence services. This article addresses the first of the barriers, summarizing the evidence for various NP interventions, including lifestyle interventions, physical therapies, behavioural therapies and containment options, enabling the reader to formulate an evidence-based opinion and a pragmatic view on the feasibility, efficacy and applicability of the various NP interventions, without automatic recourse to anticholinergic medication in the first instance.
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Dasgupta, Monidipa, Lyndsay Beker, Kim Schlegel, Loretta M. Hillier, Lisa Joworski, Karli Crunican, and Corrine Coulter. "A Non-Pharmacologic Approach to Manage Behaviours in Confused Medically Ill Older Adults in Acute Care." Canadian Geriatrics Journal 24, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5770/cgj.24.469.

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Background Non-pharmacological interventions are recommended to manage challenging behaviours among cognitively impaired older adults, however few studies have enrolled patients in acute care. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of implementing non-pharmacological interventions to manage behaviours in hospitalized older adults. Method A self-identity approach was used to identify potentially engaging activities for 13 older medically ill adults admitted to acute hospital; these activities were trialed for a two-week period. Data were collected on frequency of intervention administration and assistance required, as well as frequency of behaviours and neuroleptic use in the seven days prior to and following the trial of activities. Results Per participant, 5–11 interventions were prescribed. Most frequently interventions were tried two or more times (46%); 9% were not tried at all. Staff or family assistance was not required for 27% of activities. The mean number of documented behaviours across participants was 4.8 ± 2.3 in the pre-intervention period and 2.1 ± 1.9 in the post-intervention period. Overall the interventions were feasible and did not result in increasing neuroleptic use Conclusion Non-pharmacologic interventions may be feasible to implement in acute care. More research in this area is justified.
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Eto, Masato. "Nutritional and pharmacological intervention for sarcopenia." Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics 48, no. 1 (2011): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.48.55.

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Miller, Norman E. "Pharmacological Intervention for Altering Lipid Metabolism." Drugs 40, Supplement 1 (1990): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199000401-00007.

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Jansen, J. W. C. M. "Pharmacological intervention of the fibrinolytic system." European Journal of Pharmacology 183, no. 5 (July 1990): 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(90)92377-u.

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Morgan, Charles A., John H. Krystal, and Steven M. Southwick. "Toward early pharmacological posttraumatic stress intervention." Biological Psychiatry 53, no. 9 (May 2003): 834–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00116-1.

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Zanetti, Orazio. "Non-pharmacological intervention for memory decline." Neurobiology of Aging 35 (March 2014): S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.130.

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Coutts, SM, ML Plunkett, GM Iverson, PA Barstad, and CM Berner. "Pharmacological intervention in antibody mediated disease." Lupus 5, no. 2 (April 1996): 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339600500214.

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20

Meltzer, E. O. "Nasal cytological changes following pharmacological intervention." Allergy 50, s23 (January 1995): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb02736.x.

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21

Orth, S. R., M. Schomig, and E. Ritz. "Pharmacological intervention in progressive renal diseases." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 16, suppl 5 (July 1, 2001): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/16.suppl_5.19.

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22

Enas, E. A. "Guidelines for pharmacological intervention are needed." BMJ 312, no. 7027 (February 10, 1996): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7027.376a.

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23

Takeda, Masatoshi, Toshihisa Tanaka, Masayasu Okochi, and Hiromitsu Kazui. "Non-pharmacological intervention for dementia patients." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 66, no. 1 (January 18, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2011.02304.x.

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24

Lai, Jenn-Haung, Yi-Ling Lin, and Shie-Liang Hsieh. "Pharmacological intervention for dengue virus infection." Biochemical Pharmacology 129 (April 2017): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.005.

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25

Wang, Dan, Wuxun Lu, and Feng Li. "Pharmacological intervention of HIV-1 maturation." Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 5, no. 6 (November 2015): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2015.05.004.

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26

Morrin, Hamilton, Ton Fang, Donald Servant, Dag Aarsland, and Anto P. Rajkumar. "Systematic review of the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in people with Lewy body dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 3 (October 9, 2017): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217002010.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Pharmacological interventions for Lewy body dementia (LBD), especially for its non-cognitive symptoms, are limited in their efficacy and tolerability. Clinicians are often uncertain about non-pharmacological interventions and their efficacy in managing cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms of LBD. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the existing literature on non-pharmacological interventions for people with LBD.Methods:We carried out a systematic search using six databases. All human studies examining impact of any non-pharmacological intervention on LBD were assessed for cognitive, physical, psychiatric, and quality-of-life outcomes. Study quality was assessed by Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies and the CARE criteria checklist.Results:Prevailing evidence supporting the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions is weak. We screened 1,647 papers. Fifteen studies (n= 61) including 11 case reports were found eligible for this systematic review. Interventions and reported outcomes were heterogeneous. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert reportedly conferred cognitive benefit. Electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation have been reported to ameliorate depressive symptoms. Transcranial direct current stimulation was observed to improve attention. Exercise-based interventions reportedly improve various clinically important outcomes. Spaced retrieval memory training and environmental intervention for “mirror sign” have also been reported.Conclusions:Several non-pharmacological interventions have been studied in LBD. Although evidence supporting their efficacy is not robust, prevailing preliminary evidence and limitations of available pharmacological interventions indicate the need to consider appropriate non-pharmacological interventions, while planning comprehensive care of LBD patients. Larger trials evaluating the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for LBD are needed.
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Hall, Michelle, Amy Fuller, Polykarpos Angelos Nomikos, Bonnie Millar, Reuben Ogollah, Ana Valdes, Paul Greenhaff, et al. "East Midlands knee pain multiple randomised controlled trial cohort study: cohort establishment and feasibility study protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e037760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037760.

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IntroductionKnee pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of disability. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence OA guidelines recommend education, exercise and weight loss advice (if overweight) as core interventions before pharmacological adjuncts. However, implementation of these in primary care is often suboptimal. This study aims to develop a complex intervention with non-pharmacological and pharmacological components that can be delivered by nurses. The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, and feasibility of undertaking a future cohort randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be explored.Methods and analysisIn phase 1, we will develop a training programme for nurses and evaluate the fidelity and acceptability of the non-pharmacological element of the intervention. Fidelity checklists completed by the nurse will be compared with video analysis of the treatment sessions. Patients and nurses will be interviewed to determine the acceptability of the intervention and explore challenges to intervention delivery. The non-pharmacological component will be modified based on the findings. In phase 2, we will assess the feasibility of conducting a cohort RCT comprising both the pharmacological and modified non-pharmacological components. We will compare three groups: group A will receive the non-pharmacological components delivered before pharmacological components; group B will receive pharmacological components followed by the non-pharmacological components; and group C (control arm) will continue to receive usual care. Study outcomes will be collected at three time points: baseline, 13 and 26 weeks after randomisation. Qualitative interviews will be conducted with a sample of participants from each of the two active intervention arms.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the East Midlands-Derby Research Ethics Committee (18/EM/0288) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (protocol v4.0, 10/02/2020). The study will be reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidance and standards. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed academic journals.Trial registration numberNCT03670706
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You, Sang Bin, and Ju Hee Lee. "A Systematic Review of Non-pharmacological Interventions for Delirium Prevention in Elderly Inpatients." Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing 28, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2021.28.2.249.

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Purpose: The study was aimed to examine components and provider’s characteristics of non-pharmacological intervention that affect delirium prevention in elderly inpatients. Additional effects on delirium prevention based on identified characteristics were explored.Methods: Studies were searched by using seven electronic databases and examined through Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow diagram. The Risk of Bias (ROB) and the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Study (RoBANS) were used to evaluate the quality of each included study.Results: Seven studies were selected for the systematic review. Most of the selected studies had a low risk of bias. Interventions of each study and delirium outcome were heterogeneous. Each multi-component non-pharmacological intervention consisted on average of five interventions. Giving orientation and promoting early mobilization were included in every study. Interventions that included giving orientation, promoting early mobilization, and supporting nutrition significantly decreased delirium incidence. Moreover, when health care providers who have an intimate relationship with patients provided non-pharmacological interventions, delirium incidence has significantly decreased.Conclusion: Non-pharmacological intervention, such as giving orientation, promoting early mobilization, should be included to prevent delirium for elderly inpatients. It is important to include healthcare providers who have an intimate relationship or regular contact with patients in order to decrease delirium incidence.
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Ruhrmann, Stephan, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Wolfgang Maier, and Joachim Klosterkötter. "Pharmacological intervention in the initial prodromal phase of psychosis." European Psychiatry 20, no. 1 (January 2005): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.11.001.

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AbstractEarly identification and treatment of schizophrenia may alleviate the symptoms, delay the onset and improve the outcome of psychosis. Thus, detection of individuals at risk during the prodromal phase is an important task. Universal approaches to screen the general population or healthy subjects at risk have not proven possible to-date. However, clinical criteria for detecting ultra-high risk individuals have been developed for specialized settings, with their implementation in interventional studies. This article examines the rationale for early detection and intervention of psychosis, along with a review of some of the current studies. These target prevention using psychological and/or pharmacological intervention strategies have demonstrated promising results in high risk individuals. The German Research Network on Schizophrenia (GRNS) is conducting two multicenter early intervention studies; one with early psychological intervention in subjects who manifest early prodromal symptoms; with the second trial applying clinical management and pharmacological early intervention in subjects experiencing late prodromal symptoms (high risk subjects). Despite the promising results, many of the current studies have small sample sizes with study durations of a short period. The full benefits of early detection and intervention should be revealed once larger and longer studies are conducted.
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Lin, Yu-Ting, Yen-Hung Liu, Ya-Luan Hsiao, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Pei-Shan Chen, Shih-Ni Chang, Hsiu-Chen Tsai, Chun-Hung Chen, and Chin-Chi Kuo. "Pharmacological blood pressure control and outcomes in patients with hypertensive crisis discharged from the emergency department." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): e0251311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251311.

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Pharmacological blood pressure (BP) intervention for high blood pressure is controversial for a wide spectrum of hypertensive crisis in the emergency department (ED). We evaluated whether medical control of BP altered the short- and long-term outcomes among patients with hypertensive crisis who were discharged from the ED under universal health care. This retrospective cohort comprised 22 906 adults discharged from the ED of a tertiary hospital with initial systolic BP ≥ 180 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 120 mmHg between 2010 and 2016. The main exposure was the use of antihypertensive medication during the ED stay. Clinical endpoints were revisits to the ED or inpatient admission (at 7, 30, and 60 days), cardiovascular mortality (at 1, 3, and 5 years), and incident stroke (at 1, 3, and 5 years). The associations between pharmacological intervention for BP and outcomes were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models. Of the patient data analyzed, 72.2% were not treated pharmacologically and 68.4% underwent evaluation of end-organ damage. Pharmacological intervention for BP was significantly associated with a 11% and 11% reduced risk of hospital revisits within 30 or 60 days of discharge from ED, respectively, particularly among patients with polypharmacy. No association between pharmacological intervention for BP and incident stroke and cardiovascular mortality was observed. A revision of diagnostic criteria for hypertensive crisis is essential. Although pharmacological intervention for BP may not alter the long-term risk of cardiovascular mortality, it significantly reduces short-term health care utilization.
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Su, Ya, Michiko Yuki, and Mika Otsuki. "Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Post-Stroke Fatigue: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030621.

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Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is one of the most serious sequelae, which often interferes with the rehabilitation process and impairs the functional recovery of patients. Due to insufficient evidence, it is unclear which specific pharmacological interventions should be recommended. Therefore, in this paper, we compare the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in PSF. A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were performed using EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, and CQVIP, from inception to January 2018, in the English and Chinese languages. RCTs involving different non-pharmacological interventions for PSF with an outcome of fatigue measured using the Fatigue Severity Scale were included. Multiple intervention comparisons based on a Bayesian network are used to compare the relative effects of all included interventions. Ten RCTs with eight PSF non-pharmacological interventions were identified, comprising 777 participants. For effectiveness, most interventions did not significantly differ from one another. The cumulative probabilities of the best non-pharmacological intervention for fatigue reduction included Community Health Management (CHM), followed by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Network meta-analysis based on data from the selected RCTs indicated that the eight PSF non-pharmacological interventions shared equivalent efficacy, but CHM, TCM, and CBT showed potentially better efficacy. In the future, fatigue needs to be recognized and more accurate assessment methods for PSF are required for diagnosis and to develop more effective clinical interventions.
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Lorenzo, F., and V. Kakkar. "Chronic Heart Failure- Potential for Pharmacological Intervention." Current Medicinal Chemistry-Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568016053544354.

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33

Czepita, Maciej, and Elena N. Iomdina. "The possibilities of pharmacological intervention in myopia." Ophthalmology Journal 5 (February 6, 2020): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/oj.2020.0028.

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34

Murano, Shunichi. "Potential for Pharmacological Intervention in Werner Syndrome." Drugs & Aging 7, no. 6 (December 1995): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-199507060-00005.

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Zanetti, Orazio. "88 Non pharmacological intervention and caregiver support." Neurobiology of Aging 33 (May 2012): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.01.106.

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36

Henderson, Donald, and Bo‐Hua Hu. "Pharmacological intervention with noise‐induced hearing loss." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 101, no. 5 (May 1997): 3100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.418900.

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Veys, Eric M., Herman Mielants, Gust Verbruggen, and Filip De Keyser. "Intervention with immunomodulatory agents: new pharmacological developments." Baillière's Clinical Rheumatology 6, no. 2 (June 1992): 455–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-3579(05)80185-2.

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Lucking, Andrew J., and David E. Newby. "Pharmacological antithrombotic adjuncts to percutaneous coronary intervention." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 8, no. 6 (April 2007): 759–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.8.6.759.

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Meyer, Thomas, and Uwe Vinkemeier. "STAT nuclear translocation: potential for pharmacological intervention." Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 11, no. 10 (October 2007): 1355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14728222.11.10.1355.

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Weill-Chounlamountry, Agnès, Jorge Alves, and Pascale Pradat-Diehl. "Non-pharmacological intervention for posterior cortical atrophy." World Journal of Clinical Cases 4, no. 8 (2016): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v4.i8.195.

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Moulder, J. E., B. L. Fish, and E. P. Cohen. "Brief Pharmacological Intervention in Experimental Radiation Nephropathy." Radiation Research 150, no. 5 (November 1998): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3579870.

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Planells-Cases, Rosa, Juan Lerma, and Antonio Ferrer-Montiel. "Pharmacological Intervention at Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Complexes." Current Pharmaceutical Design 12, no. 28 (October 1, 2006): 3583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206778522092.

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Emilien, Gérard, Konrad Beyreuther, Colin L. Masters, and Jean-Marie Maloteaux. "Prospects for Pharmacological Intervention in Alzheimer Disease." Archives of Neurology 57, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.57.4.454.

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Danilova, Irina G., Hanna Kalota, and Musa T. Abidov. "Perspectives of pharmacological intervention promoting liver regeneration." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 2, no. 1 (June 22, 2018): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1372.

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Effective drug therapy promoting liver regeneration is a challenging goal in pharmacotherapy of liver diseases. Several plant phytochemicals recommended in traditional medicine from over hundred plants have been investigated for its use in various liver disorders. Regeneration of injured liver depend on a proliferative potential of mature hepatocytes as well as different subsets of intrahepatic and extrahepatic stem/progenitor cells. In clinical trials a stem cell therapy resulted in a limited improvement of liver functions. Animal studies have demonstrated the involvement of bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells in liver regeneration. For this reason, the pharmacological activation of endogenous stem cells and pharmacological control of macrophage phenotypic polarization could be an effective method of mobilizing progenitor cells to injured liver.
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Shears, Stephen B. "Towards pharmacological intervention in inositol pyrophosphate signalling." Biochemical Society Transactions 44, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20150184.

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To help define the molecular basis of cellular signalling cascades, and their biological functions, there is considerable value in utilizing a high-quality chemical ‘probe’ that has a well-defined interaction with a specific cellular protein. Such reagents include inhibitors of protein kinases and small molecule kinases, as well as mimics or antagonists of intracellular signals. The purpose of this review is to consider recent progress and promising future directions for the development of novel molecules that can interrogate and manipulate the cellular actions of inositol pyrophosphates (PP-IPs)–a specialized, ‘energetic’ group of cell-signalling molecules in which multiple phosphate and diphosphate groups are crammed around a cyclohexane polyol scaffold.
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Laurell, G. "Pharmacological intervention in the field of ototoxicity." HNO 67, no. 6 (April 16, 2019): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00106-019-0663-1.

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Fatimatasari, Fatimatasari, Angela C. B. Trude, Herlin Herlin Fitriana Kurniawati, and Rosmita Nuzuliana. "Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Intervention to Prevent Preeclampsia: A Systematic Literature Review." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia 8, no. 3 (November 19, 2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2020.8(3).168-184.

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<p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy that increases risk for long-term health consequences for both mother and child, and if left untreated is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality. However, delivery of the placenta is the only cure, making prevention options for this condition needed but little consensus exist on their effectiveness. Thus, we conducted a systematic review on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent preeclampsia. <strong>Methods:</strong> We used MEDLINE and ProQuest to conduct a systematic search for peer-review publications on prevention of preeclampsia. We selected studies conducted in human and published in English from 2010 through 2020 on: i) types of interventions; ii) quality of studies and limitations. We selected 22 articles to be reviewed. <strong>Results:</strong> Eleven types of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were identified. Nitric Oxide-donors with Isosorbide Mononitrate (IMN), and aspirin have been shown to be effective, while selenium, calcium, vitamin D, DHA-rich fish oil-concentrate, copper, phytonutrient, Nitric Oxide-donors with Penthaerythrityl Tetranitrate (PETN), folic acid, vitamins C and E and magnesium have not been proved effective to prevent preeclampsia. Although all studies presented good quality of evidence, they had several limitations, the most common limitations are lack of initial therapy, lack of dosage, and inadequate sample size to detect small effect. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite the growing evidence of treatments to prevent preeclampsia, their effect is not large. More research is needed in the field before prevention treatments are prescribed in clinical settings.</p><p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Keywords</strong><strong>: </strong>prevention; pharmacological; non-pharmacological; Systematic Literature Review; preeclampsia.</p>
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48

Ryan, Joseph B., Robert Reid, Michael H. Epstein, Cynthia Ellis, and Joseph H. Evans. "Pharmacological Intervention Research for Academic Outcomes for Students with ADHD." Behavioral Disorders 30, no. 2 (February 2005): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874290503000206.

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This study reviews the status and trends of pharmacological intervention research focused on the academic functioning of children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Forty-two studies involving 1,668 participants were included in the review. Results indicated: (1) information on participants is limited; (2) relatively few studies have investigated the effects of psychotropic medications among adolescent populations; (3) the types of medications investigated are limited; (4) dependent measures are often lacking in sophistication (i.e., number of math problems correct); (5) treatments have been limited to short-term interventions; and (6) medication-type interventions resulted in a moderate beneficial effect across academic subject areas for children and adolescents with ADHD.
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Lemieux, James, Vahid Abdollah, Brandyn Powelske, and Greg Kawchuk. "Comparing the effectiveness of group-based exercise to other non-pharmacological interventions for chronic low back pain: A systematic review." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): e0244588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244588.

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Background Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide with a substantial financial burden on individuals and health care systems. To address this, clinical practice guidelines often recommend non-pharmacological, non-invasive management approaches. One management approach that has been recommended and widely implemented for chronic LBP is group-based exercise programs, however, their clinical value compared with other non-pharmacological interventions has not been investigated systematically. Objective To compare the effectiveness of group-based exercise with other non-pharmacological interventions in people with chronic LBP. Methods Four electronic databases were searched by two independent reviewers. Only randomized controlled trials that compared group-based exercise with other non-pharmacological interventions for chronic LBP were eligible. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of Interventions by two independent reviewers. Results Eleven studies were eligible. We identified strong evidence of no difference between group exercise and other non-pharmacologic interventions for disability level and pain scores 3-month post-intervention in people with chronic LBP. We could not find any strong or moderate evidence for or against the use of group-based exercise in the rehabilitation of people with chronic LBP for other time-points and health measurement outcomes. We found no statistically significant differences in disability and quality of life and pain between the group and individual non-pharmacological interventions that included exercise. Conclusion With this equivocal finding, group-based exercise may be a preferred choice given potential advantages in other domains not reviewed here such as motivation and cost. Further research in this area is needed to evaluate this possibility.
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Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska. "Non-pharmacological interventions for persons with dementia: what are they and how should they be studied?" International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 3 (March 2018): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161021800039x.

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The publication of four papers concerning non-pharmacological interventions for persons with dementia heralds progress in the science of dementia care. The four papers are very diverse in focus and methodology, and include a study of the impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being by Windle et al. (2017); an overview of systematic reviews of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia by Dyer et al. (2017); a systematic review of the efficacy of intervention in people with Lewy body dementia by Morrin et al. (2017); and a protocol of the Behavior and Evolution of Young Onset Dementia part two (BEYOND-II) study, an intervention study aimed at improvement in the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in institutionalized people with young onset dementia by van Duinen-van den IJssel et al. (2017).
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