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Journal articles on the topic 'Pharmacology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Mortin, Lawrence I., Christopher J. Horvath, and Michael S. Wyand. "Safety Pharmacology Screening: Practical Problems in Drug Development." International Journal of Toxicology 16, no. 1 (1997): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158197227350.

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Undesired pharmacologic activities of novel drugs or biologies may limit development of a therapeutic prior to the characterization of any toxicologic effects. In rodent species, general pharmacology assays have traditionally been used to screen new agents for pharmacologic effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, the autonomic nervous system and smooth muscles, the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, the digestive system, and the physiologic mechanisms of water and electrolyte balance. In large animal species, such as dogs and nonhuman primates, smaller numbers of animals pe

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2

Hite, Mark. "Safety Pharmacology Approaches." International Journal of Toxicology 16, no. 1 (1997): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158197227332.

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This article presents views of a discipline termed safety pharmacology or general pharmacology. This is an area that provides information through empirical studies on new pharmacologic agents at doses above those thought to be efficacious and the no-toxicologic-effect level (NOEL) above which unwanted effects might occur. The usefulness of batteries of tests is discussed, and comments are made about the value of these in the drug developmental process.

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3

Teixeira, Marcus Zulian. ""˜Paradoxical pharmacology": therapeutic strategy used by the "˜homeopathic pharmacology" for more than two centuries." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 13, no. 49 (2021): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v13i49.714.

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Using the empirical or phenomenological research method by observing the effects of drugs in the human physiology, Samuel Hahnemann proposed the homeopathic treatment. He synthesized modern pharmacodynamic in the â€˜primary actionâ€™ of the drugs and in the consequent and opposite â€˜secondary actionâ€™ or â€˜vital reactionâ€™ of the organism. Noting that drugs with â€˜contraryâ€™ primary action to the symptoms of the diseases caused worsening of the symptoms after its withdrawal, as a result of secondary action of the organism, Hahnemann proposed using this vital reaction in a curative way, a

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4

Nureye, Dejen. "Reverse Pharmacology and Network Pharmacology: Principles and Applications in Herbal Medicine." Journal of Traditional Medicine & Applications 3, no. 2 (2024): 01–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/jtma.03.02.06.

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Drugs that were therapeutic were frequently unintentionally found in medicinal plants during the early days of pharmacology. Cost, time, and toxicity are the three main bottlenecks that can be reduced by the recently developed academic field of reverse pharmacology. Reversing the typical “laboratory-to-clinic” drug discovery pipeline approach to “clinic-to-laboratories” is the idea behind reverse pharmacology, which was influenced by traditional knowledge. Reverse pharmacology aims to optimise the safety, efficacy, and acceptability of natural product leads by studying their mechanisms of acti

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5

Sepúlveda, Pablo O., Valeria Epulef, and Gustavo Campos. "Why do We Use the Concepts of Adult Anesthesia Pharmacology in Developing Brains? Will It Have an Impact on Outcomes? Challenges in Neuromonitoring and Pharmacology in Pediatric Anesthesia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10 (2021): 2175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102175.

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Background: Pediatric sedation and anesthesia techniques have plenty of difficulties and challenges. Data on the pharmacologic, electroencephalographic, and neurologic response to anesthesia at different brain development times are only partially known. New data in neuroscience, pharmacology, and intraoperative neuromonitoring will impact changing concepts and clinical practice. In this article, we develop a conversation to guide the debate and search for a view more attuned to the updated knowledge in neurodevelopment, electroencephalography, and clinical pharmacology for the anesthesiologic

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6

Adi Try Wurjatmiko. "The Effects of Music Therapy Intervention on the Pain and Anxiety Levels of Cancer Patient: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Nursing Education 11, no. 4 (2019): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/ijone.v11i4.3936.

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Cancer constitutes one of illnesses which frequently causes pain and anxiety. The management of cancer pain comprises the pharmacology and non-pharmacology. The pharmacologic management, at some points, fails to provide a complete relief from the pain and instead gives rises to unwanted side-effects on the patients that necessitate the employment of non-pharmacologic management such as music therapy. The purpose of this systematic review is to discover the effects of music therapy on the pain and anxiety levels on the cancer patient. Systematic Review encompasses literature obtained from libra

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7

Mahmoud, Jahangir. "Clinical pharmacology of anxiolytics." Psychology and Mental Health Care 2, no. 1 (2018): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/022.

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It is increasingly difficult to define what an anxiolytic is, since anxiety is multiple although many symptoms are common. On the other hand the most used drugs in different forms of anxiety were first used as antidepressants. This article tries to put together the different effective anxiolytics used and describe their pharmacology.

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8

Wall, Nathan R., Ryan N. Fuller, Ann Morcos, and Marino De Leon. "Pancreatic Cancer Health Disparity: Pharmacologic Anthropology." Cancers 15, no. 20 (2023): 5070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15205070.

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Pancreatic cancer (PCa) remains a formidable global health challenge, with high mortality rates and limited treatment options. While advancements in pharmacology have led to improved outcomes for various cancers, PCa continues to exhibit significant health disparities, disproportionately affecting certain populations. This paper explores the intersection of pharmacology and anthropology in understanding the health disparities associated with PCa. By considering the socio-cultural, economic, and behavioral factors that influence the development, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of PCa, pharma

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9

Athineos, Philippu1* Helmut Greim2 and Peter Eyer3. "Ninth Pharmacologic-Historical Forum." Mega Journal of Case Reports 8, no. 1 (2025): 2001–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14725011.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The ninth pharmacologic-historical Forum was held online in 2024 in Munich during the Meeting of the DGPT (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie). Pharmacologists and Toxicologists of all German Universities have carried out excellent work supporting their disciplines and research. Purpose of these Forums is to honour these personalities and to inform our young colleagues about their achievements. <strong>Keywords</strong>: Ninth pharmacologic-historical Forum; Pharmacology; Toxicology; Biographies

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10

Karlsen Bjånes, Tormod, Espen Mjåset Hjertø, Lars Lønne, et al. "Pharmacology Portal: An Open Database for Clinical Pharmacologic Laboratory Services." Clinical Therapeutics 38, no. 1 (2016): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.10.015.

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11

Anand Dhonde, Shreya, and Rahul Sudam Jadhav. "New Developments in Behavioural Pharmacology." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (2023): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/mr23928202832.

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12

Paiman, Arif, Ahmad Mohammadi, Rafia Inam, Aqsa Ameen, and Mubashar Rehman. "Oral Drug Delivery to the Experimental Animals, A Mini Review." Global Drug Design & Development Review I, no. I (2016): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdddr.2016(i-i).03.

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In several pharmacologic, pharmacology, and alternative medicine studies, oral administration of medication or test substances to experimental animals is needed. It is clinically sound and recommended to administer test substances to experimental animals along the same route that they are taken or expected to be taken by humans as general bioavailability; the pharmacology and pharmacology parameters obtained for the drug will depend significantly on the route chosen to administer it. The lack of ready access to high-quality oral tubing built for different species, as well as a widespread lack

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13

Pupo, Andre S., and Kenneth P. Minneman. "Adrenergic Pharmacology: Focus on the Central Nervous System." CNS Spectrums 6, no. 8 (2001): 656–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900001346.

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ABSTRACTNorepinephrine and epinephrine are involved in the control of several important functions of the central nervous system (CNS), including sleep, arousal, mood, appetite, and autonomic outflow. Catecholamines control these functions through activation of a family of adrenergic receptors (ARs). The ARs are divided into three subfamilies (α1, α2, and β) based on their pharmacologic properties, signaling mechanisms, and structure. ARs in the CNS are targets for several therapeutic agents used in the treatment of depression, obesity, hypertension, and other diseases. Not much is known, howev

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14

Muldoon, Leslie L., Carole Soussain, Kristoph Jahnke, et al. "Chemotherapy Delivery Issues in Central Nervous System Malignancy: A Reality Check." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 16 (2007): 2295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.09.9861.

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PurposeThis review assesses the current state of knowledge regarding preclinical and clinical pharmacology for brain tumor chemotherapy and evaluates relevant brain tumor pharmacology studies before October 2006.ResultsChemotherapeutic regimens in brain tumor therapy have often emerged from empirical clinical studies with retrospective pharmacologic explanations, rather than prospective trials of rational chemotherapeutic approaches. Brain tumors are largely composed of CNS metastases of systemic cancers. Primary brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme or primary CNS lymphomas, are less

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15

Aronson, Jeffrey K. "Integrating pharmacology and clinical pharmacology." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 71, no. 5 (2011): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.03910.x.

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16

Somberg, John C. "Clinical Pharmacology: Medicine or Pharmacology." Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 32, no. 9 (1992): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03882.x.

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17

Narayanan-Sankar, M., and R. I. Clyman. "Pharmacology Review: Pharmacologic Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Neonate." NeoReviews 4, no. 8 (2003): 215e—221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/neo.4-8-e215.

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18

Baraona, L. Kim, Dawn Lovelace, Julie L. Daniels, and Linda McDaniel. "Tobacco Harms, Nicotine Pharmacology, and Pharmacologic Tobacco Cessation Interventions for Women." Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 62, no. 3 (2017): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12616.

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19

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 14, no. 1 (1987): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198701000-00035.

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20

&NA;, &NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 14, no. 2 (1987): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198703000-00058.

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21

Boarini, Joy. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 14, no. 3 (1987): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198705000-00048.

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22

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 14, no. 4 (1987): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198707000-00038.

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23

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 14, no. 5 (1987): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198709000-00025.

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24

&NA;, &NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 15, no. 1 (1988): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198801000-00031.

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25

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 15, no. 2 (1988): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198803000-00040.

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26

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 15, no. 3 (1988): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198805000-00036.

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27

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 15, no. 4 (1988): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198807000-00030.

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28

&NA;, &NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 15, no. 5 (1988): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198809000-00042.

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29

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 16, no. 1 (1989): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198901000-00030.

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30

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 16, no. 4 (1989): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198907000-00026.

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31

&NA;, &NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 16, no. 5 (1989): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198909000-00031.

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32

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 16, no. 6 (1989): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198911000-00044.

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33

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 17, no. 1 (1990): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199001000-00032.

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34

&NA;, &NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 17, no. 3 (1990): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199005000-00031.

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35

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 18, no. 4 (1991): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199107000-00029.

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36

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 18, no. 5 (1991): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199109000-00026.

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37

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 18, no. 6 (1991): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199111000-00023.

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38

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 19, no. 2 (1992): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199203000-00025.

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39

Perazella, Mark A., and Chirag Parikh. "Pharmacology." American Journal of Kidney Diseases 46, no. 6 (2005): 1129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.07.051.

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40

&NA;, &NA;. "PHARMACOLOGY." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 11, no. 1 (1990): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-199002000-00020.

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41

&NA;. "PHARMACOLOGY." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 829 (1992): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199208290-00043.

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42

Lewis, Keith P., and Glynne D. Stanley. "Pharmacology." International Anesthesiology Clinics 37, no. 4 (1999): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004311-199903740-00008.

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43

LeBel, Alyssa A. "Pharmacology." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 47, no. 5 (2008): 703–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000338966.70550.d1.

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44

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Survey of Anesthesiology 30, no. 4 (1986): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-198608000-00016.

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45

Gylys, Karen Hoppens. "Pharmacology." Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 12, no. 3 (1998): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005082-199804000-00007.

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46

Jeevendra Martyn, J. A., David J. Greenblatt, and Darrell R. Abernathy. "Pharmacology." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 8, no. 1 (1987): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-198701000-00017.

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47

Burnham, Nora, and Donna L. Betcher. "Pharmacology." Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses 6, no. 1 (1989): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600109.

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48

Betcher, Donna, and Nora Burnham. "Pharmacology." Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses 6, no. 2 (1989): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104345428900600237.

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49

Bernstein, C. N., F. Shanahan, and Metronidazole. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 19, no. 6 (1992): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199211000-00023.

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50

&NA;. "Pharmacology." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 20, no. 2 (1993): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-199303000-00025.

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