Journal articles: 'Pharmacy business management'

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Rollins, Brent L., Kimberly Broedel-Zaugg, James Reiselman, and Donald Sullivan. "Assessment of pharmacy students' perceived business management knowledge: Would exclusion of business management topics be detrimental to pharmacy curricula?" Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning 4, no. 3 (2012): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2012.04.001.

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Slavcev, Roderick A., Nancy M. Waite та Brad Jennings. "Shaping pharmacy studentsʼ business and management aptitude and attitude". Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning 8, № 5 (2016): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2016.06.003.

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Rollins, Brent L., Rahul Gunturi, and Donald Sullivan. "A Pharmacy Business Management Simulation Exercise as a Practical Application of Business Management Material and Principles." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 78, no. 3 (2014): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe78362.

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Rachmat Hidayat and Irsan Saleh. "The Importance of Inventory Management in Pharmaceutical Practice." Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v3i1.22.

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Abstract Efficient inventory management enhances gross profits and net profits by reducing the cost of procured pharmaceutical products and associated operational expenses. In addition, cash flow will improve upon saving on purchasing and storing less costly products. Such cash flow can be used to pay operational expenses and invest in other services. In addition to the negative impacts on financial outcomes from the pharmacy’s business perspective, inventory mismanagement could have deleterious corollaries on patient safety. Such outcomes can be attributed by the availability of expired, counterfeit, substandard, or spoiled products; unavailability of essential products; unclaimed prescriptions; and not updating formularies. From both financial and operational perspectives, efficient inventory management plays a great role in pharmacy practice. Thus, both methods of inventory management & methods of evaluating inventory management should be integrated into the curriculum of pharmacy programs, in addition to including them in the continuing education courses for registered pharmacists.

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Ford, James, Katherine Rotzenberg, and David Mott. "Novel Integration of Administrative Pharmacy Residents in a Management Course." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 12, no. 2 (2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v12i2.3622.

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Background: Management skills are an essential component of a pharmacy graduate’s abilities for successful practice. Although pharmacy education standards require that students have a working knowledge of management principles, students often do not see the value in management and business courses. One innovative approach is restructuring course content using case examples and real-world experiences to improve student understanding of finance and management principles. Innovation: Two specific changes were implemented in a second year (P2) management and finance course to improve the relevance of business principles. Course content was organized around current pharmacy service cases from a variety of practice settings and supported by the value of problem-based learning. Post-graduate year 1 (PGY-1) administrative pharmacy residents were engaged as course teaching assistants (TAs) who brought real-world experiences into the class. An analysis of pre- and post-course voluntary surveys, course evaluations, and TA evaluations assessed the impact of the course redesign. Findings: The course redesign achieved its intended goal of improving student-perceived course relevance. This was shown through statistically significant improvements in course evaluations that were intended to measure student perception of pharmacy management and its relevance in their future career. Student completed TA evaluations showed that those who reported their TA shared real-world applications had higher confidence in applying course concepts and greater understanding of course materials. Conclusions: Administrative pharmacy residents were successfully integrated into a pharmacy management course redesign, resulting in improved student perceptions of course relevance.

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Bullock, Katura C., and Sheritta Horne. "A Didactic Community Pharmacy Course to Improve Pharmacy Students’ Clinical Skills and Business Management Knowledge." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 83, no. 3 (2019): 6581. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6581.

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Hicks, Charles, Walter Siganga, and Bupendra Shah. "Enhancing Pharmacy Student Business Management Skills by Collaborating With Pharmacy Managers to Implement Pharmaceutical Care Services." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 68, no. 4 (2004): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/aj680494.

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Friesen, John A., Raymond F. Boykin, and W. Benjamin Martz. "Business process redesign of a community pharmacy reimbursement operation." Knowledge and Process Management 5, no. 4 (1998): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1441(199812)5:4<230::aid-kpm42>3.0.co;2-l.

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Samborskyi, Oleg. "Innovative Approaches to Teaching Professionally Oriented Disciplines “Organization and Economics of Pharmacy”, “Management and Marketing in Pharmacy”." Galician Medical Journal 24, no. 1 (2017): 201713. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/gmj.2017.1.3.

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The article presents pedagogical innovations in teaching professionally oriented disciplines “Organization and Economics of Pharmacy”, “Management and Marketing in Pharmacy” at the Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy and Technology of Drugs of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, namely: innovative approaches to practical classes with the elements of business games, training in mini-groups, problematic question discussion; extraordinary defense of term papers and the 4-step monitoring of knowledge, abilities and skills required for future pharmacy professionals. The outlined innovations of classroom interactive training are aimed at involving the entire academic group of students in group discussions, teaching them to substantiate their thoughts, developing the abilities to make joint management decisions and bear responsibility for their fulfillment – these are the qualities, which are constantly improving when studying the disciplines “Organization and Economics of Pharmacy”, “Management and Marketing in Pharmacy”.

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Augustine, Jill, Marion Slack, Janet Cooley, Sandipan Bhattacharjee, Erin Holmes, and Terri L. Warholak. "Identification of Key Business and Management Skills Needed for Pharmacy Graduates." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 82, no. 8 (2018): 6364. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6364.

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Szeinbach, Sheryl L., James H. Barnes, Kent H. Summers, and Benjamin F. Banahan III. "The Changing Retail Environment: Its Influence On Professionalism In Chain And Independently Owned Pharmacies." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 11, no. 1 (2011): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v11i1.5886.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if pharmacists could be differentiated with respect to practice site based on their responses to several questions related to professionalism and its consequential influence on pharmacy image. Results revealed that several qualities associated with professionalism (e.g., skills, knowledge, ethics, service, and environment) could be used to distinguish pharmacists by practice site. In general, pharmacists whose primary practice sites were a chain store pharmacy evaluated the items relating to professionalism, work environment, and image more negatively than pharmacists whose primary practice sites were an independently owned pharmacy. Implications for the retail marketing environment, pharmacy management, and pharmacy image are also discussed.

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York, John, Kaley Lugo, Lukasz Jarosz, and Michael Toscani. "CVS health faces a new wave of disruption." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 15, no. 3 (2021): 333–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-01-2020-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand how Amazon’s threat may impact the Pharmacy Industry as a whole and whether traditional drugstore chains such as consumer value stores (CVS) Pharmacy will need to re-think their business strategy, especially in the digital space, to account for potential disruption. Design/methodology/approach This is a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise to guide the learner through a decision-making process. The case starts by presenting a disruption in the retail pharmacy business that the main character must navigate by using real-world data and insights, provided in the case, to formulate a recommendation. Findings In an extremely competitive and consolidated pharmacy market, Amazon has the potential to change the business entirely. CVS Health will potentially face strong headwinds from Amazon’s PillPack and a downward trend in prescription sales. Regardless of the new competition, CVS Health continues to be innovative in the space. Instead of being a one-trick pony, CVS has encompassed the mentality of becoming a one-stop-shop by expanding into areas such as specialty pharmacy, health clinics, pharmacy benefits management and innovative digital capabilities. Originality/value This paper provides the reader with existing and known information about the evolving retail pharmacy business and allows the reader to interpret the new information to make their own decision on how a digital business strategy team can account for potential disruption.

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Chater, Rebecca W., Leticia R. Moczygemba, Kenneth A. Lawson, et al. "Building the business model for medication therapy management services." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 48, no. 1 (2008): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/japha.2008.08500.

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Ishabakaki, Prisila, and Shubi Kaijage. "RFID-based Drug Management and Monitoring System, Case of Public Hospitals in Tanzania, A Review Paper." Computer Engineering and Applications Journal 4, no. 3 (2015): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18495/comengapp.v4i3.151.

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Radio frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification technology that enables tracking of people and objects. Recently, RFID technology has been deployed in hospital environment for patient and equipment tracking, surgical equipment monitoring, medication monitoring and improving health record access in emergency cases. The main advantages RFID technology are to provide resource optimization, quality customersâ€™ care, enhanced accuracy, efficient and effective business processes and healthcare processes. The pharmacy department undergoes challenges such as complex manual work of record keeping and inventory management. The RFID technology can be deployed in pharmacy hospital unit to automate pharmacy process. In this work we present a review on current pharmacy management practices in the case study of public hospital in Tanzania, review on different research work to address the pharmacy challenges and finally proposed a system to overcome the limitation identified in the current systems.

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Išoraitė, Margarita. "Competitive Advantage Analysis in Pharmacy Companies." Integrated Journal of Business and Economics 3, no. 2 (2019): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v3i2.192.

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Article analyzes competitive advantage theoretical aspects and also competitive advantage in pharmacy sector in Lithuania. Competitive advantage is what all (competing) business strategies are directed to. Many factors can provide a competitive advantage; it can be more efficient production, available patents, good advertising, good management, and good customer relations.

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Leggat, Sandra G. "The real business of health care." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080203.

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THIS ISSUE CONTAINS papers that consider some of the complex issues within human resource management (HRM) in health care. In health systems the care provided has tended to be craftbased production ? a trained health professional provides his or her craft for individual patients, with little need for management. Influencing the relationship between practitioner and patient has been limited by professional autonomy and the different cultures that exist among the specialised health professional groups. These differences are illustrated by Perkins et al by the results of a survey of starting and finishing undergraduate medical, nursing and pharmacy students (page 252).

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Rough, Steve, Rita Shane, John A. Armitstead, et al. "The high-value pharmacy enterprise framework: Advancing pharmacy practice in health systems through a consensus-based, strategic approach." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 78, no. 6 (2021): 498–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxaa431.

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AbstractPurposeThe high-value pharmacy enterprise (HVPE) framework and constituent best practice consensus statements are presented, and the methods used to develop the framework’s 8 domains are described.SummaryA panel of pharmacy leaders used an evidence- and expert opinion–based approach to define core and aspirational elements of practice that should be established within contemporary health-system pharmacy enterprises by calendar year 2025. Eight domains of an HVPE were identified: Patient Care Services; Business Services; Ambulatory and Specialty Pharmacy Services; Inpatient Operations; Safety and Quality; Pharmacy Workforce; Information Technology, Data, and Information Management; and Leadership. Phase 1 of the project consisted of the development of draft practice statements, performance elements, and supporting evidence for each domain by panelists, followed by a phase 2 in-person meeting for review and development of consensus for statements and performance elements in each domain. During phase 3, the project cochairs and panelists finalized the domain drafts and incorporated them into a full technical report and this summary report.ConclusionThe HVPE framework is a strategic roadmap to advance pharmacy practice by ensuring safe, effective, and patient-centered medication management and business practices throughout the health-system pharmacy enterprise. Grounded in evidence and expert recommendations, the statements and associated performance elements can be used to identify strategic priorities to improve patient outcomes and add value within health systems.

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Refai, Deema, and Rita Klapper. "Enterprise education in pharmacy schools." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 22, no. 4 (2016): 485–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-07-2015-0162.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate implementation of enterprise education (EE) through experiential learning, and its relevance to pharmacy education in the UK Higher Education Institutions. Design/methodology/approach – The paper characterises the state of pharmacy EE using Fayolle’s (2013) generic teaching model in EE and Kolb’s (1984) experiential learning theory as underlying conceptual and theoretical frameworks. The paper focuses on how EE takes place through approaches employed within experiential learning to develop graduates’ enterprise skills, and investigate the challenges faced within institutional contexts. The paper draws on qualitative empirical approach using the social constructionist paradigm to investigate experiences of pharmacy academics. Findings – The study identifies four Aspects of Experiential Learning in the context of EE (AELEE), which extend both Fayolle’s and Kolb’s frameworks. Research limitations/implications – The research focuses solely on views of academics in UK pharmacy schools, and is of qualitative nature. This could limit the generalisability of results, yet also offer deeper sector-specific insight into EE. Practical implications – Findings provide insights into the difficulty of positioning EE in non-business schools and the hurdles academics face. Findings are expected to encourage enterprise educators to design EE programmes that consider the institutional context. Originality/value – The research makes a significant contribution to existing EE literature with its non-business sector specificity and its focus on academics. Hence, the study responds to Fayolle’s (2013) call for more research into EE with focus on the educator, and deeper connections between EE and education literature.

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Vest, Mary-Haston, Evan W. Colmenares, and Ashley L. Pappas. "Transforming data into insight: Establishment of a pharmacy analytics and outcomes team." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 78, no. 1 (2020): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxaa411.

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Abstract Purpose The importance of a data management strategy is increasingly necessary for demonstrating value and driving performance within pharmacy departments. Data analytics capabilities often do not match the pace of data accumulation. At our organization, the establishment of an embedded pharmacy analytics and outcomes (PAO) team has been instrumental to pharmacy services in generating and demonstrating value and proactively supporting a business intelligence strategy grounded in a data-driven culture. Summary The PAO team was established to support the operational and strategic needs of clinical, financial, and operational pharmacy services. The team is charged with implementing the vision of extending medication-use influence and data insight to drive value-based patient care outcomes while decreasing waste, optimizing therapeutic decisions, and achieving medication management standardization across the continuum of healthcare. The PAO team is composed of 3 pharmacist full-time equivalents (FTEs), 5 business analyst FTEs, 1 biostatistician FTE, 0.2 pharmacy intern FTE, and 1 pharmacy manager FTE. Pharmacy services leaders believe it is necessary to have a mix of both clinical and analytical skill sets, given the clinical nature of the data managed by team and complexities of the medication-use process. Conclusion Pharmacy reporting and analytics should require the same depth of scrutiny and overview as any other step in the medication-use process where pharmacists are held accountable. For our organization, it was critical to establish pharmacist-level oversight into every portion of the analytics process where medication data are involved. This structure has led to measurable improvements in patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and financial performance.

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Posilkina, Olga, Iryna Bondarieva, Volodymyr Malyi, Iryna Timanyuk, and Zhanna Mala. "Peculiarities of effective management of products assortment depending on different sizes of pharmacy chains." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 2 (30) (April 30, 2021): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2021.230287.

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The aim of the work is to study the features of effective management of product's assortment in small, medium and large pharmacy chains. Materials and methods. The study of the features of the assortment policy of pharmacies that are part of pharmacy chains of different sizes was conducted using a questionnaire of 421 heads of pharmacies. The relationship between the size of the pharmacy chain and the approaches used to form the product's assortment is studied and the presence of the procedure of product's assortment formation in pharmacies is analyzed using Pearson's criteria c2 and c2 maximum likelihood (M-L c2). The importance of the influence of the size of the pharmacy network on the scores of the efficiency of the business process of forming the product range, as well as its width and intensity of updating using non-parametric analysis of variance Kraskal-Wallis; Manfer-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction for pairwise comparisons of pharmacy network clusters and correlation analysis. The presence of drugs in treatment protocols was analyzed using the Z-test to compare the frequency of drug administration. Peculiarities of introduction and withdrawal of drugs and medical products to the range of different size pharmacy chains criteria c2 Pearson's and maximum likelihood (M-L c2) are determined. System and logical analysis is used to systematize the existing approaches to product's assortment management in pharmacy chains of different sizes. Results. It is established that with the increase in the size of pharmacy chains the tendency to use a centralized approach to the analysis and formation of the range in chains increases, when the list of assortment items is fully created and approved at the head office of the chain. The importance of the relationship between the breadth of the assortment of pharmacies and the size of the chain, which includes a pharmacy. Thus, large and mega-chains support the assortment, which on average includes up to 8.5 thousand items of medicines and medical devices, medium - 4-5 thousand assortment's items, and in half of the establishments of small pharmacy chains the range may include from 2,5 to 3 thousand names of medicines and medical devices. It is established that regardless of the size of the pharmacy chain, the inclusion of medicines / medical products in the range of pharmacies most often takes into account the factor of seasonality of demand and taking into account the core range, i.e. the list of 100-150 most popular items in the pharmaceutical market. When withdrawing medicines or medical products from the assortment of pharmacies from all three clusters are often guided by indicators of low profitability of sales and lack of orders for goods for more than three months. Conclusions. The analysis of the assortment policy of pharmacy chains of different sizes showed that in most of the studied institutions it is quite effective. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the effectiveness of the formation and analysis of the assortment is achieved through the use of different approaches to the centralization of this business process depending on the size of the pharmacy chain

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Desnita, Rise, and Sri Luliana. "IPTEKS BAGI MASYARAKAT (IBM) PEMBUATAN SABUN KESEHATAN KULIT." Jurnal Buletin Al-Ribaath 12, no. 1 (2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29406/br.v14i2.875.

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Science for Society (IbM) is a program of dedication to society funded by Research and Technology Directorate of Higher Education. Ibm Leather Health Soap Making proposed by the group of Lecturers Prodi Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine UNTAN aims to help the first partner of Bidikmisi Student Enterprises Group of Pharmaceutical Technology in terms of improving skills in processing natural ingredients into skin health soap preparations. IbM proponents help provide business capital, provide guidance on making skin health soap and provide information on how to apply for permission to circulate skin health soap products. In addition, the proposer of IbM also provides pharmacy management consultancy according to the growing pharmacoeconomics and their pharmacy business will grow better in the future. The result of training, mentoring and guidance to Bidikmisi Student Enterprises Group of Pharmaceutical Technology run well and smoothly. The publication of IbM's Leather Health Soap Program publication seminar held for pharmacy students and open to the public. The hope of the seminar is the students and the general public can get knowledge about the manufacture of soap, cosmetic business opportunities such as soap and soap product registrations so that the future in West Kalimantan can appear business actors in the field of skin health soap products.Keywords: Soap, Health, Skin, IbM

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Gatwood, Justin, Kenneth Hohmeier, Glen Farr, and Stephen Eckel. "A Comparison of Approaches to Student Pharmacist Business Planning in Pharmacy Practice Management." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 82, no. 5 (2018): 6279. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6279.

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Holiday-Goodman, Monica. "Entrepreneurship, resource management, organizational culture, and other “business” factors influencing pharmacy practice change." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 8, no. 4 (2012): 269–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.03.006.

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Mukaddas, Alwiyah, M. Sulaiman Zubair, and Yusriadi Yusriadi. "Penerapan Asuhan Kefarmasian dan Media Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Apotek." Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (2020): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/002.202051.243.

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IMPLEMENTATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE AND SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING IN IMPROVING THE PHARMACY OMZET. A pharmacy is a place for pharmaceutical practice of pharmacists. Apotek Pendidikan Tadulako has three functions, which are education, social and business/profit functions. The purpose of this activity is to improve the pharmaceutical care, inventory management aspects, and marketing that affect to the increasing of pharmacy omzet. The solutions offered include the adding of a variety of non-drug supplies in the form of vaccines and home care medical devices, strengthening of pharmacists role in providing plenary services in the form of CIE (Consultation, Information, Education), establishing the cooperation with other health institutions, and implementing the social media marketing (SMM) ) includes Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube. The results of these activities have an impact on increasing the omzet of pharmacy every month. The follow-up plan is the application of an integrated Management Information System (SIM) and the application of internet-based marketing techniques with a website that is an online pharmacy.

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Smith, Megan, Stefanie Ferreri, Rachel Stafford, et al. "Development of Community Pharmacy Characteristics Questionnaire: Application of Cognitive Interviewing." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 9, no. 3 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v9i3.1349.

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 Background: A questionnaire specific to community pharmacy characteristics, such as staffing models for clinical activities and business operations, does not exist. As community pharmacy practice expands, it is important to characterize how pharmacies are changing for outcomes research. The aim of this study was to conduct cognitive interviewing with community pharmacists to gain feedback on the formatting, readability, and content of items measuring community pharmacy characteristics to develop such a questionnaire. Methods: National surveys and previously developed survey work were reviewed to identify the following question categories: business operations, human resource management, division of clinical responsibilities, technology, and enhanced services. Questions for each domain were drafted and assessed for applicability across different states and level of importance by researchers in 3 different states. Using the “think aloud” method of cognitive interviewing to evaluate clarity in instructions, question items and response entry, an iterative process was established that included 3 rounds of interviews with discussion and modifications made by the research team between each round. Results: A total of thirteen cognitive interviews across 3 rounds were conducted via telephone and lasted between 30 and 60 minutes. Time for participant pharmacists to complete the questionnaire ranged from 12 minutes to 30 minutes. The interviews revealed areas of ambiguity, and missing response options for the variety of business structures. The question categories with the most problematic items were business operations, human resource management, and division of clinical responsibilities. Conclusion: Using cognitive interviewing, a community pharmacy questionnaire focusing on operational characteristics was developed. Future research is warranted to test the organizational characteristics defined in this paper with a larger sample size representing multiple states. Article Type: Original Research

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Bakurova, Anna, Hanna Ropalo, and Elina Tereschenko. "Modeling of complex diversification for centralized pharmacy network." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 09003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016609003.

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The risk management of a centralized pharmacy network identifies the research object. The paper proposes a strategy of complex diversification for the pharmacy network. By constructing portfolio models for complex diversification and solving relevant multicriteria problems, multiple pareto-optimal portfolios have been found for successive risk management. Based on the fundamentals of Markowitz portfolio theory and multicriteria optimization, this paper builds four models of the optimal portfolios for centralized pharmacy network. In contrast to the classic two-criteria model (risk minimization while maximizing income), our models have been introduced to maximize entropy, which enhances the diversification effect. Matlab software has been developed for solving multicriteria problems. Model verification was performed on real data provided by one of the pharmacy networks. The modeling results will be useful for automating the business processes of any trading network, managing risk, analysing loyalty programs to improve the effectiveness of their operations.

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Grentikova, I. G., and A. A. Oblasov. "FORMATION OF AN INTEGRATED MARKETING SYSTEM FOR A PHARMACY ORGANIZATION." Economics Profession Business, no. 3 (September 14, 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb201984.

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The article substantiates the need for the formation of an integrated marketing system by Russian pharmaceutical organizations, which allows them to sell pharmaceutical products based on the foresight of future needs and consumer preferences. The rapid transformation of retail trade after the removal of restrictive measures taken in connection with the coronavirus pandemic will affect the pharmacy business; there is a need to develop and use all tools to improve the quality of business management, which will directly affect sales. The authors justify the use of an organizational scheme consisting of four levels, which differs from the traditional and modern schemes, focused only on the consumer. We used practical data from the Pharmaimpex group of companies for the Kemerovo region, as well as analytical materials from GMPnews. It is concluded that the formation of an integrated marketing system of a pharmacy organization allows to standardize the decision-making procedure in all areas of marketing. The distribution of databases will strengthen the internal interconnection of the pharmacy organization’s business processes.

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Bonnal, Liliane, and Xavier Moinier. "Elements Of Pharmacy Service And Satisfaction: Patient Versus Consumer?" Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 2 (2014): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i2.8419.

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The objective of this paper is to identify the characteristics of what makes retail pharmacies able to guarantee and ensure better customer satisfaction. We have identified the core attributes of retail pharmacies as well as the factors that can contribute to better customer satisfaction in a regulated economic context (pharmacies being in a monopolistic situation regarding the sales of medicines). The aim of this analysis is to check if pharmacies customers behave as patients or consumers. If the factors linked to the consumption of pharmaceutical products have similar contributions to those noticed for traditional consumer goods (food, clothes and so on), pharmacists will be able to regard their customers as consumers. If it is not the case, the customers will be assimilated to patients, regarding pharmaceutical products as non-traditional consumer goods. The tetra-class model (Llosa, 1997) of factors contributing to satisfaction during a pharmacy service experience will serve as the tool for apprehending the role of different pharmacy characteristics in the satisfaction process. We found that French customers seem to behave more as patients than customers in pharmacies. Managerial implications can be deduced. In front of the counter, this research shows that merchandizing at the sales outlet has no effect on the patients satisfaction. However, it is worth noticing that the self-service area does contribute to consumer satisfaction. Behind the counter, pharmacies customers behave as patients when purchasing drugs; medecines still remaining a nontraditional product. French customers do not seem ready to purchase medecines from a self-service area. As a result, pharmacy owners can adjust pharmacy service elements to increase the satisfaction level of their customers.

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Nugroho, Riko Luke, and Perminas Pangeran. "Application of ISO 31000-Based Risk Assessment to Improve Balanced Scorecard Performance at Shofa Pharmacy." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 2 (2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i2.2321.

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This study aims to integrate the Balanced Scorecard and Risk Management at Shofa Pharmacy and its one branch. The risk assessment is based on the ISO 31000 framework model and the Balanced Scorecard is based on a financial perspective, a customer perspective, an internal business perspective and a learning and growth perspective. The results of risk identification show that the risks faced by Shofa Pharmacy are financial risk, operational risk, technology risk, business ethics risk, health and safety risk, economic risk, legal risk, political risk, market risk, and project risk. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest risk is technology risk with the risk group in information technology protection, economic risk with the fall in demand risk group, political risk with the inflation risk group and project risk with an evaluation risk group, then risk management is carried out to reduce the risk level.

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Nugroho, Riko Luke, and Perminas Pangeran. "IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE BALANCED SCORECARD THROUGH IMPLEMENTING ISO 31000 RISK ASSESSMENT AT SHOFA PHARMACY." EUREKA: Social and Humanities, no. 1 (February 3, 2021): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.001635.

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This study aims to integrate the Balanced Scorecard and Risk Management at Shofa Pharmacy and its one branch. The risk assessment is based on the ISO 31000 framework model and the Balanced Scorecard is based on a financial perspective, a customer perspective, an internal business perspective and a learning and growth perspective. The results of risk identification show that the risks, faced by Shofa Pharmacy, are financial risk, operational risk, technology risk, business ethics risk, health and safety risk, economic risk, legal risk, political risk, market risk, and project risk. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest risk is a technology risk with the risk group in information technology protection, economic risk with the fall in a demand risk group, political risk with an inflation risk group and project risk with an evaluation risk group, then risk management is carried out to reduce the risk level.

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Karofsky, Paul I. "Family Perspective: It's a Delightful Generational Bouquet at Wine of the Month Club." Family Business Review 16, no. 2 (2003): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2003.00145.x.

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The Wine of the Month Club had its beginnings in the purchase of a Los Angeles pharmacy and has grown into a national 16,000-member business. In this interview, Paul H. Kalemkiarian, Sr. discusses the origins of the business and its transition to his son, Paul Jr.—the family and financial considerations as well as the cultural implications. Paul I. Karofsky, executive director of North-eastern University's Center for Family Business, spoke with Kalemkiarian, Sr.

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Fabel, Patricia H., Tyler Wagner, Bryan Ziegler, Paul A. Fleming, and Robert E. Davis. "A sustainable business model for comprehensive medication management in a patient-centered medical home." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 59, no. 2 (2019): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2018.11.001.

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Elsheikh, Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed S. Emam, and Sultana Ali AlShareef. "Bridging the gap between documents and practice in medication management “Documents Vitalization”." Business Process Management Journal 23, no. 4 (2017): 830–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-02-2017-0030.

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Purpose Health care is a complex system, mandating adoption of unrelenting updates of guidelines and best practices. Securing a balanced system of current practice and matching documentation has always been a challenge due to impaired connection between traditional forms of documentation (e.g. policies, procedures, and guidelines) and users. Departmental manuals always find their way back to shelves away from the workplace, and continuous interaction with customers and complexity of business processes hinder timely update and consequently sustainable improvement. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In late 2014, the corresponding author visited Japan as part of Kaizen benchmark tour that introduced the concepts and applications of “Kaizen,” the Japanese word for continuous improvement, in Toyota factory and health care institutes in Fukuoka, Nagoya, and Tokyo. Soon thereafter, the authors adopted Kaizen to be the organizational theme for improvement. QPS team launched several initiatives throughout 2015 to improve the quality of documentation. Documents submitted had one thing in common, all participants used flowcharts, diagrams, and even drawings to simplify hard-to-understand processes. This challenge highlighted the utilization of diagrams, well-organized forms, infographics, and other methods to simplify processes and to vitalize documents. Findings Since the hospital utilizes the paper-form prescribing system, prescription errors lead to delays in dispensing time, affecting patient satisfaction in emergency room’s pharmacy. Pharmacy team launched a project using document vitalization as an improvement strategy. Aggregate results showed 16.7 percent reduction in average time per prescription in inpatient pharmacy and 20.0 percent reduction in emergency room pharmacy. Although measurements did not continue over a longer period or were statistically analyzed, they provide a crude indication of possible improvement using document vitalization. Research limitations/implications Lack of a sound measurement system with proper statistical analysis prevented the provision of reliable evidence of improvement. Moreover, lack of previous case studies has been an obstacle. It is the authors’ plan to provide measurable evidence of improvement for multiple projects through measurement of process time, customer and employee satisfaction, the number of process errors, etc. Nevertheless, feedback from users provides a rough indication of possible improvement using document vitalization. It is the authors’ aim to incorporate “document vitalization” into the fabric of documentation process and SFHPM culture. Practical implications Empowerment creates an energy-filled work environment where staff members feel they are the real change factors and are actively contributing to the advancement and success of their organizations (Taylor 2013). This does not mean allowing chaos and unplanned changes to disrupt process flow but rather to leave room for trial and error in a controlled environment and pilot-testing significant changes before generalization. Originality/value The term vitalization itself is a brand new one used in this field, and the authors introduce it for the first time to be a solution that comes from frontliners and can bridge the gap between document and practice. If all document vitalization successes were a tribute to one factor, it would be “empowerment.” Once leaders have the courage to listen to frontline staff voice and allow them to do things differently, the staff members will surprise their organizations with the marvels of their creations.

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Hassell, Karen, Peter Noyce, and Jill Jesson. "White and Ethnic Minority Self-Employment in Retail Pharmacy in Britain: An Historical and Comparative Analysis." Work, Employment and Society 12, no. 2 (1998): 245–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017098122003.

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Despite having opportunities to enter retail or clinical practice, Britain's ethnic minority pharmacists display disproportionately high levels of self-employment within the distinctly entrepreneurial business sector of the pharmacy profession. This paper sets out to describe ethnic minority involvement in the profession of pharmacy, and highlights the role that preference plays in their decision to go into independent proprietorship. The study argues that while racism plays a small part, personal choice, available resources, and structural opportunities for business development within the profession largely account for the different work patterns found among white and ethnic minority pharmacists.

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Timsina, Sangita, Bhuvan K.C., Dristi Adhikari, Alian A. Alrasheedy, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, and Atisammodavardhana Kaundinnyayana. "A new experimental community pharmacy internship module for undergraduate pharmacy students in western Nepal: overview and reflections." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 14 (August 16, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.18.

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Community pharmacies in Nepal and other South Asian countries are in a mediocre state due to poor regulation and the fact that many pharmacies are run by people with insufficient training in dispensing. This has led to the inappropriate use of medicines. The problems due to poor regulation and the mediocre state of community pharmacies in South Asia encompass both academia and clinical practice. In this paper, a 2-week community pharmacy internship programme completed by 2 graduating pharmacy students of Pokhara University (a Nepalese public university) at Sankalpa Pharmacy, Pokhara, Nepal is illustrated. During the internship, they were systematically trained on store management, pharmaceutical care, counselling skills, the use of medical devices, pharmaceutical business plans, medicine information sources, and adverse drug reaction reporting. An orientation, observations and hands-on training, case presentation, discussion, and feedback from 2 senior pharmacists were used as the training method. A proper community pharmacy internship format, good pharmacy practice standards, and a better work environment for pharmacists may improve the quality of community pharmacies.

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VAVILOVA, Viktoriia. "Methodological approaches to efficiency evaluation logistics system of pharmacy network." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 9/1 (September 25, 2020): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.9(1).1.

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The paper reveals the important characteristics of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of logistics systems. Peculiarities of functioning of logistics systems of pharmacy networks are characterized. Based on the acquaintance with the scientific works of the founders on this issue, approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the logistics system are systematized. A system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system is proposed. The logistics system of the business entity, and this fully applies to the logistics system of pharmacy networks, is not in a permanent state. Dynamic changes in the system are due to the influence of macro-environmental factors and changes in the internal nature, which pose the task of developing the system to ensure its adequacy to new conditions. It is the development of the system is the basis for improving the efficiency of its operation and the ability to achieve goals through the solution of a certain range of tasks. In such conditions, the study of the development of the logistics system of the pharmacy network deserves special attention. Existing approaches to assessing the development of the logistics system do not exclude, but complement each other, creating a methodological basis for the formation of effective management decisions on logistics management of the business entity. As a result of research of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on a problem of a choice and formation of indicators of an estimation of efficiency of logistic systems, we proposed a system of evaluation indicators for each component of the logistics system. In this case, in our opinion, such a system should include not only indicators that characterize the efficiency of the functional components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network (supply, production, transportation, warehousing, sales), but also indicators of efficiency subsystems, namely organizational and management, infrastructure and resource subsystems. This system approach will allow to take into account the impact of all components of the logistics system of the pharmacy network on the efficiency of its operation.

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Butler, C. David. "Pharmacy Data Integrity for Optimal Analytics." International Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics 4, no. 2 (2014): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkdb.2014070103.

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The use and creation of data continues to proliferate, with each year seeing further reliance on information systems to support practitioners and organizations. This surge is expected to continue at an even faster pace with the increased use of inexpensive storage methods of any type of data, plus greater reliance on computerized clinical decision-making tools. Yet data integrity remains essential to every organization and to every healthcare practitioner in order to ensure the correct use of patient information to optimize care. It provides the assurance that the data you see every day is the same as it was the day before. It promises that the drug dosage regimen “QID,” whether you define it as four times daily or four times daily with meals and at bedtime, is applied using the same parameters for every patient (as you define a patient), across every day (or any time period), as you define day in your health care setting. It also means that referential connections between data values must be consistent. When a specific patient takes a specific combination of drug products, referential integrity must be applied to ensure the correct products, drug ingredients and strengths are recognized as being received by that patient. Definitions about data and their referential relationships must be made by the business person (the practitioner), rather than by information technology (IT). Only by doing this can appropriate business rules by applied by a database, which manages the information used in electronic medical records. Once a decision is made about what a datum represents, and how it relates to other data, whether by an individual or a group, it is imperative that the decision remain consistent over time. Should the definition evolve, it is also imperative that that evolution be tracked. Thus, organizations must establish governance committees to maintain consistency both across an organization and across time. Governance committees must have the highest level of authority to ensure that rules are not overridden on a casual, intermittent basis. Once business rules for data have been established, use of a relational database provides one of the strongest tools for ensuring that data integrity is maintain. This paper explores the concepts serving as the foundation for today's relational database management systems. A top-down approach is described using an Entity-Relationship diagram that can be used to create a relational model for implementation in a relational database management system. A bottom-up approach is described using functional dependencies and normalization. A pharmacist should be able to apply these concepts in corporation with a database architect to ensure the appropriate, consistent use of drug data within an organization. A pharmacist must be able to validate all drug information being used across the organization in order to minimize medication errors and optimize patient care. Only by being the subject matter expert on governance committees and working closely with IT and quality assurance can pharmacy maintain appropriate control over the use of drug information by healthcare technology.

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Marietza, Fenny, and Cardova Gloria Artha Siahaan. "Pengaruh Kontrol Otoritas dan Strategi Bisnis Terhadap Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Manajemen (SIAM) Pada Perusahaan Farmasi Di Palembang." Jurnal Akuntansi 6, no. 2 (2016): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j.akuntansi.6.2.185-196.

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This research aims to examine influenceof control authorities and business strategy towards informationmanagement accounting systems (SI AM) on the company pharmacy in Palembang. The population used in the studyin the i that is p erusahaan f armasi in Palembang. Samples in research use respon en Pharmaceutical companyManager in Palembang that understands the systems account information tansi was man ajemen (SI AM). Dataresearch results processed by downloading will double the ber linear esi regr yan g showed positive and significanteffect of controling formal management accounting information system (SIAM). Control authority in formalinfluential positif and significantly limited management accounting information system (SIAM). Influential businessstrategy positively and significantly to management accounting information system (SIAM).Keywords: Control Authority, Business Strategy, Management Accounting Information System.

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Şengün, Ayşe Elif, and S. Nazlı Wasti. "Trust types, distrust, and performance outcomes in small business relationships: the pharmacy–drug warehouse case." Service Industries Journal 31, no. 2 (2011): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642060902759137.

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Kusumadewi Purba, Ratih Puspita, and Syamsul Rizal Sinulingga. "The Balanced Scorecard Approach in Performance Measurement of The Pharmacy Installation of X Hospital Pangkalpinang." JURNAL KESEHATAN POLTEKKES KEMENKES RI PANGKALPINANG 7, no. 1 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32922/jkp.v7i1.76.

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Balanced Scorecard was developed as a performance management system that sees the company's overall performance through four perspectives: financial; the customer; internal business processes; learning and growth. Cooperation with the Government to serve the patients of the national health coverage needs to be accompanied by good performance especially of human capital, informational capital, and the organizational capital in order to improve the quality of service. This research aims to determine the performance of Pharmacy Installation of X Hospital Pangkalpinang on learning and growth perspective with the Balanced Scorecard approach. This research is a descriptive research. The subjects of the research are head of pharmacy, employee pharmacy, personnel data, employee training data in accordance with the indicators contained in the learning and growth perspective. The results show that there is 100% of employee retention, employee training showed improvement, and management information systems capabilities have been available. Indicators that need to be improved is adequacy of pharmacists, the satisfaction of employees, organizational culture, organizational climate, leadership, team work, and alignment.

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Benrimoj, Shalom I., and Alison S. Roberts. "Providing Patient Care in Community Pharmacies in Australia." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39, no. 11 (2005): 1911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1g165.

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OBJECTIVE To describe Australia's community pharmacy network in the context of the health system and outline the provision of services. DATA SYNTHESIS The 5000 community pharmacies form a key component of the healthcare system for Australians, for whom health expenditures represent 9% of the Gross Domestic Product. A typical community pharmacy dispenses 880 prescriptions per week. Pharmacists are key partners in the Government's National Medicines Policy and contribute to its objectives through the provision of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS). The Third Community Pharmacy Agreement included funding for CPS including medication review and the provision of written drug information. Funding is also provided for a quality assurance platform with which the majority of pharmacies are accredited. Fifteen million dollars (Australian) have been allocated to research in community pharmacy, which has focused on achieving quality use of medicines (QUM), as well as developing new CPS and facilitating change. Elements of the Agreements have taken into account QUM principles and are now significant drivers of practice change. Although accounting for 10% of remuneration for community pharmacy, the provision of CPS represents a significant shift in focus to view pharmacy as a service provider. Delivery of CPS through the community pharmacy network provides sustainability for primary health care due to improvement in quality presumably associated with a reduction in healthcare costs. CONCLUSIONS Australian pharmacy practice is moving strongly in the direction of CPS provision; however, change does not occur easily. The development of a change management strategy is underway to improve the uptake of professional and business opportunities in community pharmacy.

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Wessels, Martin, and John Luiz. "The future of the South African retail pharmacy industry in the light of international experience and the changing healthcare market." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 3 (2003): 612–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i3.3309.

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The paper evaluates how the changing South African healthcare market is likely to affect the future of retail pharmacy. It examines current developments in retail pharmacy and the impact that these developments will have on the retail pharmacy market. This information is used to create scenarios as to what types of retail pharmacies are likely to thrive in the future.

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Wilson, Grant Alexander, and Adam D. Slobodzian. "Enhancing financial performance by pharmacy innovation." Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration 37, no. 4 (2019): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjas.1562.

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Cornell, W. Kyle, Kevin A. Clauson, and Jeff Cain. "Updating the Model: The Case for Independent Pharmacy to Embrace Digital Health." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 10, no. 1 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v10i1.1645.

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Objectives: To advocate for independent pharmacy to embrace digital health as a means to improve patient outcomes and compete more strongly in an increasingly competitive business environment. Summary: Independent pharmacies are positioned to be at the forefront of adopting digital health tools for a variety of reasons. They often can make changes to their business model faster than a major retail chain, are often in rural locations where few other providers are located, and are already starting to offer the types of clinical services that can be greatly aided by digital health. This commentary presents the case for a change in the current model of pharmacy practice to one which embraces digital health. The role of the pharmacist would grow beyond exclusively medication management to incorporate tools such as wearable health trackers and mobile phone applications. By utilizing digital health, the pharmacist can obtain a greater amount of patient health data via an asynchronous electronic uploading process, and then use that data to further improve their ability to offer clinical services. Conclusion: Digital health is a powerful tool that should be embraced by independent pharmacy. By leveraging digital health, pharmacies can improve both accessibility and quality of care, thus providing a competitive advantage in the retail marketplace.  Article Type: Commentary

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Abdul Aziz, Mohd Radzi, and Maryati Mohd. Yusof. "Managing Change: A Model for Organisational Readiness to Adopt Pharmacy Information Systems." Jurnal Pengurusan 52 (2018): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2018-52-16.

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Bhakoo, Vikram, and Caroline Chan. "Collaborative implementation of e‐business processes within the health‐care supply chain: the Monash Pharmacy Project." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 16, no. 3 (2011): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541111127173.

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Kareva, N. N. "Labor practices - a promising area of social responsibility for pharmacy organizations." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 20, no. 3 (2018): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12369.

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The theoretical bases of the social responsibility of business, the search for perspective directions of its development, as well as the historical aspects of the formation of the social responsibility of entrepreneurs abroad and in Russia are considered. The full characterization of external and internal directions of social responsibility is given, its multi- level character, conceptual definitions are shown. Thus, American scientists in their work on management in the United States define social responsibility as the actions of an organization that are undertaken for the benefit of society voluntarily, and not on demand. In modern Russian science, the social responsibility of business is defined as a broad concept that includes the complex responsibility of a business partner, employer, citizen and participant in social relations; as well as social responsibility implies the entrepreneur’s refusal to carry out activities that could harm society, in other words, the business should follow the principle of do no harm, and help. It is noted that in recent years in the Russian Federation the issues of social responsibility of business are considered in relation not only to large, but also to small business. It has been established that the interests of pharmacy workers today are not only in obtaining decent wages, but also in realizing goals such as job satisfaction, respect for the individual, support for education and career, etc. Long-term directions for the development of social responsibility of pharmacy organizations are formulated. A list of socially responsible labor practices is defined, the main ones being: the provision of comfortable and safe jobs; development of labor potential of employees (competence, skills, training, career growth, etc.); building of confidential relations of the employer with employees (truthful informing about the state of affairs in the organization, avoidance of deception and discrimination of employees), etc. Socially responsible labor practices can become the basis of their own social programs of employers, which will not only avoid the turnover of staff, but also attract the best specialists in the market, ensure the growth of the reputation of the organization and improve its image, which in the long run will be a promising advantage in the competition between pharmacy organizations.

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Morris Moultry, Aisha. "A Mass Merchandiser's Role in Enhancing Pharmacy Students’ Business Plan Development Skills for Medication Therapy Management Services." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 75, no. 7 (2011): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe757133.

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Cramer, Tobias. "Building the “World's Pharmacy”: The Rise of the German Pharmaceutical Industry, 1871–1914." Business History Review 89, no. 1 (2015): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680515000057.

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The German pharmaceutical industry dominated global drug creation from the late nineteenth century to World War I. Most of the industry's products were based on extensive scientific research. However, the research intensity of products varied across companies and intensified over time. A main contribution of this article is thus to identify different groups of firms within the industry and provide an analysis of their product portfolios before 1914. This essay embeds scientific developments in a coevolutionary framework of science, firms, and institutions and shows that the industry's research capabilities were complemented by other important factors for corporate success.

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Liu, Ming, Zhe Zhang, and Ding Zhang. "Logistics planning for hospital pharmacy trusteeship under a hybrid of uncertainties." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 101 (May 2017): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2017.02.006.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pharmacy business management'

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