Academic literature on the topic 'Pharmacy Chromatographic analysis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pharmacy Chromatographic analysis"
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Sharmin, Suriya, Md Hossain Sohrab, Fatema Moni, Farhana Afroz, Satyajit Roy Rony, and Shammi Akhter. "Simple RP-HPLC method for Aceclofenac quantitative analysis in pharmaceutical tablets." Pharmacia 67, no. 4 (November 27, 2020): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e57981.
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A reverse phase liquid chromatographic method for estimation of Aceclofenac in bulk drug and tablet dosage form was developed and validated. The chromatographic conditions to achieve the highest performance parameters using octylsilyl column with guard filter were optimized. The separation was carried out using a mobile phase containing 10 mM Phosphate Buffer, pH 2.1 and methanol (30:70% v/v) pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with detection at 272 nm. The method was shown to be linear in 19.8–148.5 μg/mL concentration range (regression coefficient of 0.999). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 0.0692 μg/mL and 0.2076 μg/mL, respectively. The accuracy of the method was assessed by adding fixed amount of pre-analyzed sample to different standard solutions (80%, 100%, and 120% of the tested concentration) in triplicate. The percentage mean recoveries were 97.91% to 100.39% with %RSD values of 0.64–0.79. The method was found to be precise with %RSD value of 1.13 and 1.60 for intraday and interday precision study, respectively. The method specificity and robustness were also established. New and sensitive HPLC method for estimation of Aceclofenac has been developed, in respect to the reviewed analytical methods.
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Savic, Ivan, Goran Nikolic, Ivana Savic, and Milorad Cakic. "The application of HP-GFC chromatographic method for the analysis of oligosaccharides in bioactive complexes." Chemical Industry 63, no. 5 (2009): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0905415s.
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The aim of this work was to optimize a GFC method for the analysis of bioactive metal (Cu, Co and Fe) complexes with olygosaccharides (dextran and pullulan). Bioactive metal complexes with olygosaccharides were synthesized by original procedure. GFC was used to study the molecular weight distribution, polymerization degree of oligosaccharides and bioactive metal complexes. The metal bounding in complexes depends on the ligand polymerization degree and the presence of OH groups in coordinative sphere of the central metal ion. The interaction between oligosaccharide and metal ions are very important in veterinary medicine, agriculture, pharmacy and medicine.
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Golembiovska, Оlena, Oleksii Voskoboinik, Galina Berest, Sergiy Kovalenko, and Liliya Logoyda. "Quality by design approach for simultaneous determination of original active pharmaceutical ingredient quinabut and its impurities by using HPLC. Message 1." Pharmacia 68, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e50704.
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Aim. The aim of study was to develop and validate a simple, highly robust (quality by design (QbD) approach), precise and accurate method using high performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of original active pharmaceutical ingredient Quinabut and its impurities. Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on a Shimadzu LC-20 Prominence HPLC separation module, equipped with a quaternary gradient pump, temperature controlled column heater, sampler manager and diode array detector and LC-20 Chemstation for data analysis (Shimadzu Corporation, Japan). Same software was used for data acquisition and processing of results. X-Terra RP18 (4.6×150 mm, 5 μm) analytical chromatographic column provided by Waters Corporation (Milford, MA) was used for all optimization experiments. Mobile phase A: acetonitrile R. Mobile phase B: 0.025 M phosphate buffer solution. Samples were chromatographed in gradient mode. Flow rate of the mobile phase: 0.7 mL/min. Column temperature: 40 °С. Detection: at 233 nm wavelength. Injection volume: 50 μl. Results. Screening of the influence of four chromatographic factors on different chromatographic responses was performed as the initial step of analytical method optimization. A randomized fractional factorial experimental design (24–1) of resolution IV with central point was used. Buffer pH, amount of acetonitrile in mobile phase A, the amount of phosphate buffer solution in mobile phase B and column temperature were selected as factors of interest, and were used to generate the fractional factorial experimental design. Linearity was established in the range of LOQ level to 0.2% having regression coefficients 0.9977. Calibration curve – y = 0.0132 + 0.9902. Since Δt for the content of quinabut is less than max δ, the technique is stable over time. The possibility of contamination of the sample by decomposition products by keeping it under stressful conditions (irradiation of the substance solution with UV light (UV irradiation with mercury lamp light); acid hydrolysis with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution; oxidative decomposition) was investigated. As a result of the irradiation with UV light, the impurity peaks for about 8.74 min (impurity C) and 12.68 min (impurity B) are additionally revealed. Their content exceeds the limits of normalization and is 0.6% and 3.7%, respectively. Therefore, the powder of the substance and its solutions should be stored away from direct sunlight. The column temperature and the speed of the mobile phase within ± 10% did not significantly affect the test results. The results were found to be within the assay variability limits during the entire process. Conclusion. 1) The optimization of a new analytical method capable of simultaneous determination of quinabut assay and its impurities drug products was performed with a single fractional factorial experimental design. Only 11 experiments were needed for the optimization, while at least 16 experiments would be needed to cover the same analytical method operational region of the first optimization step with a traditional one factor at time (OFAT) approach. 2) HPLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of quinabut and its impurities. 3) The final analytical method optimized with QbD approach was validated according to ICHQ2R1 guideline. The method proved to be sensitive, selective, precise, linear, accurate and stability-indicating. 4) The method was successfully applied to the analysis of demonstrating acceptable precision and adequate sensitivity for the detection and quantitation of quinabut and its impurities. So it may be reasonable to claim that the method can be extended to the analysis of drug formulations and stability samples as well. This optimization reflects in saving of time and resources since one stability study includes hundreds of samples tested during the product’s shelf life.
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Synbulatov, IV V., A. V. Voronin, and T. V. Voronina. "ANALYsis oF RYRRoLIDiNopHENoNE DERivATivEs iN BioLoGiOAL FLuiDs." Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya 19, no. 1-2 (March 15, 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2072-2354.2019.19.1.33-40.
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Pyrrolidinophenone derivatives are the group of narcotic drugs controlled in the Russian Federation. The review presents the trends of biotransformation of а-pyrrolidinovalerophenone and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone, the data about their primary metabolites is provided. Various techniques of the sample preparation of biological fluids for analytical toxicology studies for substances of the pyrrolidinophenone derivative group are discussed. The use of enzymatic hydrolysis followed by solid-phase extraction (sorption) provides low detection limits for native sub- PHARMACY ФАРМАЦИЯ stances of this group and primary metabolites using small volumes of biological fluids (0.5 and 1.0 ng/ml blood for a-pyrrolidinovalerophenone and 3,4-methylenedioxypirovalonone respectively). The main characteristics of pyrro-lidinophenone derivatives (Kovac’s retention indices in nonpolar stationary liquid phases and the main characteristic ions in the mass spectra of electron impact) are presented. They allow to identify pyrrolidinophenone derivatives and their primary metabolites in biological fluids during chromatographic-mass spectrometric screening. Analytical possibilities of an alternative variant of screening for biological fluids i.e. analysis by using current immunochemical test systems, including “biochips” are discussed. The main methods of reliable identification and quantitative determination of pyrrolidinophenone derivatives are chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The detection limit of 3,4-methylenedioxypyralovalone in blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is 1.0 ng/ml. The ranges of the determined concentrations of the method of quantitation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are 2.0-2000.0 ng/ml for blood and 0.05-50.0 ng/10 mm for hair. The high-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with a triple quadrupole in the monitoring mode of multiple molecular reactions makes it possible to achieve a nearly complete suppression of analytical background “noise” for a sample, and to obtain detection and quantification limits for 3,4-methylenedioxypy-raloperone in cadaveric blood at a level of 10.0-100.0 pg/ml and 1.0-10.0 ng/ml, respectively. One of the advantages of the high-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system is the screening possibility.
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ROCHA, Juliana Almeida, Vanessa de Andrade ROYO, and Elytania Veiga MENEZES. "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION AND PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY TEACHING." Periódico Tchê Química 13, no. 26 (August 20, 2016): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v13.n26.2016.52_periodico26_pgs_52_58.pdf.
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Biodiesel is important renewable energy that stands out mainly due to the possible reduction of oil reserves and environmental impacts intensified by the use of fossil fuels. This biofuel is produced from various oily materials, catalysts, and alcohols. Generates glycerin as a byproduct, which is used in different kinds of industries. Given the importance of the fuel and the need to integrate the theoretical content with the practical application of knowledge, this article aims to describe an experiment that can be used for teaching content such as chromatography and transesterification reaction in graduation courses. For biodiesel production were used: soybean oil, methanol, and potassium hydroxide, and analysis on paper chromatography were employed: filter paper and the solvents hexane, ethyl ether, and acetic acid as eluants. The viscosity and specific gravity of soybean oil and biodiesel were measured. With experiments, the academics observed that the transesterification reaction changes the physical-chemical properties of oil when it is converted into biodiesel and understand basic principles governing the chromatographic techniques and organic reactions.
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PRAZERES, Raissa Mendes, Kamylla Teixeira SANTOS, Afrânio Farias de MELO JUNIOR, Dario Alves de OLIVEIRA, Elytânia Veiga MENEZES, José Bento SAMPAIO-JÚNIO, Francine Souza Alves FONSECA, and Vanessa de Andrade ROYO. "FATTY ACID PROFILE AND PHYSICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF OIL EXTRACTED FROM Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A.Juss.) Cuatrec. (MALPIGHIACEAE) SEEDS." Periódico Tchê Química 14, no. 27 (January 20, 2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v14.n27.2017.105_periodico27_pgs_105_111.pdf.
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The species Banisteriopsis pubipetala (Malpighiaceae), occurs in the Brazilian cerrado, is a liana has anemochorous fruits with small seeds and lipid reserves. There are few studies on this species and the importance of investigating the composition occurs, due to other species of the same genus be studied and they have diverse biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of volatile compounds in the seeds by Headspace, fatty profile by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and the physicochemical properties of the oil extracted from the seeds of Banisteriopsis pubipetala. From the chromatographic analysis fatty acids were identified: palmitic, oleic, linoleic and eicosanoic. It has been found absence of volatile compounds in seeds. The physicochemical properties evaluated were: seed oil content (41%), moisture content (4.2%), pH (5.25), ash (0.08% m/m), acidity index (1.0 mg KOH·g-1), iodine (cg I2·g-1) and peroxides (0.5 meq·kg-1). The results were similar to other species of the same family and the cerrado. This information is the foundation for developing future research, since it is relevant to assess the possibility of bioprospecting and possible industrial use of this input, for example, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry because of fatty acids present.
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Павлюк, Б. В., Ю. Я. Мельник, Т. А. Грошовий, М. Б. Чубка, and В. Й. Скорохода. "Research of water extraction from xenoderm as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in drugs." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.5.20.05.
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Today, burns are one of the most common types of injuries in the home and at work around the world. Therefore, the issue of treatment of burns remains relevant today for medicine and pharmacy in particular.
In Ukraine, the method of treatment of burns using xenodermoimplants from porcine skin is used, and therefore the crushed substrate of cryolyophilized porcine skin (xenoderm) is a promising active ingredient in the technology of various drug forms.
The aim of the work was to study the structural and mechanical properties of water extract from the crushed substrate of the xenoderm and to determine its amino acid composition by using physicochemical analysis, namely using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
A glass pycnometer and a Heppler BH 2 MLW drop ball viscometer were used to determine the density and viscosity of the water extract from the xenoderm. The density and viscosity of the water extract were studied at different temperatures.
The dependence of the density and viscosity of the water extract from the xenoderm on temperature was studied and it was found that with increasing temperature the dynamic viscosity decreases and the density changes slightly.
A glass pycnometer and a viscometer with falling ball were used to determine the density and viscosity of the xenoderm water extract. Chromatographic separation of amino acids was performed on a liquid chromatograph Agilent 1200 with a fluorescent detector.
Chromatographic determination of amino acids was performed on a liquid chromatograph Agilent 1200 (USA) with a fluorescent detector G1315A (USA) and an autosampler 1313A.
Using the HPLC method, 16 amino acids were identified (essential – 6; conditionally – 2; nonessential – 8). Identified amino acids are almost in a bound state (1.5%), the largest amount is glutamic acid (0.23%), glycine (0.19%), aspartic acid (0.18%), proline (0.17%) and arginine (0.17%). In unbound form, the content of glutamic acid (0.09%) and glycine (0.06%) is the highest.
Based on the results of research, you can choose quality indicators, to determine the appropriate criteria that can be proposed for the standardization of water extract from the crushed substrate of the xenoderm.
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Golembiovska, Оlena, Oleksii Voskoboinik, Galina Berest, Sergiy Kovalenko, and Liliya Logoyda. "Method development and validation for the determination of residual solvents in quinabut API by using gas chromatography. Message 2." Pharmacia 68, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e52119.
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Aim. The aim of study was to develop and validate a simple, precise and accurate method using gas chromatography for analysis of residual solvents – acetone and 2-propanol – in quinabut API. Materials and methods. All experiments were performed on a gas chromatographic system equipped with FID detector (Shimadzu GC System) using the DB-624 (30 m × 0.32 mm ID, 3.0 μm film sickness) column as stationary phase. Nitrogen was used as carrier gas with flow rate 7.5 mL/ min. Split ratio was 1:5, injector temperature was 140 °C, detector temperature was 250 °C, oven temperature was programmed from 40 °C (2 min) to 50 °C at 1 °C/min and then increased at a rate of 15 °C/min up to 215 °C; and maintained for 2 min. All solutions were prepared using water as diluent. Results. This proposed method is assessed for separation of residual solvent from quinabut with quantification. The obtained results are compared with the corresponding specified limits of ICH standard guidelines. The method validation was done by evaluating specificity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, accuracy, repeatability, ruggedness, system suitability and method precision of residual solvents as indicated in the ICH harmonized tripartite guideline. The separation between acetone and 2-propanol peaks is 2.07. Hence method was found to be specific. The linear relationship evaluated across range of 15 to 180% for acetone and 2-propanol of ICH specified limit of residual solvents. The graphs of theoretical concentration versus obtained concentration are linear and the regression coefficients ‘R’ for residual solvents were more than 0.9968. The values of LOD and LOQ were much less than the lower limit of the concentration range and cannot affect the accuracy of the test. The technique was characterized by high intra-laboratory accuracy at concentrations close to the nominal acetone and 2-propanol concentration. All solutions were stable in water for at least 1 hour when stored at room temperature. Conclusion. A simple, specific, accurate, precise and rugged gas chromatography method was developed and validated for the quantification of residual solvents present in quinabut API through an understanding of the synthetic process, nature of solvents and nature of stationary phases of columns. The residual solvents acetone and 2-propanol were determined.
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Peleshok, K. Ye, L. S. Logoyda, and O. B. Poliak. "DEVELOPMENT AND METHODOLOGY FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ATENOLOL AND VALSARTAN IN PHARMACEUTICALS." Здобутки клінічної і експериментальної медицини, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2020.v.i1.11066.
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According to the appropriate protocols for the treatment of hypertension are often used antihypertensive drugs of the 5 main classes – first-line drugs, which when used in equivalent doses contribute to the reduction of blood pressure and significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Quite often, doctors prescribe two/three medicines at a time. Therefore, the creation of fixed combinations antihypertensive action in the form of solid dosage forms is an urgent task of modern pharmacy.
The aim of the study – to improve to more rapid, simple, selective, less expensive methods TLC analysis of simultaneous determination of atenolol and valsartan in pharmaceuticals.
Methods. The present study assessed mobile phases of atenolol and valsartan for TLC.
Results and Discussion. Method of simultaneous identification of atenolol and valsartan by TLC has been developed. We have established that the most optimal Rf observed using mobile phases for simultaneous determination of atenolol and valsartan: n-butanol-acetic acid-water (40:10:20). We have explored the validation characteristics – specificity and suitability of the chromatographic system that met, the eligibility criteria established by the SPU.
Conclusion. We have developed chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of atenolol and valsartan. Prospects for future research will be aimed at developing analytical methods of analysis.
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Vree, T. B., A. M. Baars, and E. W. Wuis. "Direct high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis and preliminary pharmacokinetics of enantiomers of oxazepam and temazepam with their corresponding glucuronide conjugates." Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific Edition 13, no. 2 (April 1991): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01974986.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pharmacy Chromatographic analysis"
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Mandimika, Nyaradzo. "Evaluation of the pharmaceutical availability of erythromycin from topical formulations." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1176/.
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Alexander, Christine. "A study of column switching liquid chromatography in drug analysis." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308697.
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Crabb, Nicholas Clive. "Applications of chiral chromatography to the analysis of drugs and herbicides." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277117.
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Hitchcock, Jonathan James. "Automated processing and analysis of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry screening data." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/134940.
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The work presented is a substantial addition to the established methods of analysing the data generated by gas chromatography and low-resolution mass spectrometry. It has applications where these techniques are used on a large scale for screening complex mixtures, including urine samples for sports drug surveillance. The analysis of such data is usually automated to detect peaks in the chromatograms and to search a library of mass spectra of banned or unwanted substances. The mass spectra are usually not exactly the same as those in the library, so to avoid false negatives the search must report many doubtful matches. Nearly all the samples in this type of screening are actually negative, so the process of checking the results is tedious and time-consuming. A novel method, called scaled subtraction, takes each scan from the test sample and subtracts a mass spectrum taken from a second similar sample. The aim is that the signal from any substance common to the two samples will be eliminated. Provided that the second sample does not contain the specified substances, any which are present in the first sample can be more easily detected in the subtracted data. The spectrum being subtracted is automatically scaled to allow for compounds that are common to both samples but with different concentrations. Scaled subtraction is implemented as part of a systematic approach to preprocessing the data. This includes a new spectrum-based alignment method that is able to precisely adjust the retention times so that corresponding scans of the second sample can be chosen for the subtraction. This approach includes the selection of samples based on their chromatograms. For this, new measures of similarity or dissimilarity are defined. The thesis presents the theoretical foundation for such measures based on mass spectral similarity. A new type of difference plot can highlight significant differences. The approach has been tested, with the encouraging result that there are less than half as many false matches compared with when the library search is applied to the original data. True matches of compounds of interest are still reported by the library search of the subtracted data.
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Halquist, Matthew. "Quantitative Analysis of Multiple Charged Large Molecules in Human or Rat Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2702.
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Immunoassays have traditionally been employed for the determination of plasma concentration-time profiles for pharmacokinetic studies of therapeutic proteins and peptides. These ligand binding assays have high sensitivity but require significant time for antibody generation (1 to 2 years) for assay development. Despite high sensitivity, these assays suffer from cross-reactivity that can lead to inaccurate results. As an alternative to immunoassays, this dissertation was focused on the development and validation of assays that can be used for quantitative analysis of peptides or proteins in plasma using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Two approaches were considered for measurement of proteins and peptides fortified in plasma. The first approach involved employing signature peptides as quantitative surrogates of a target protein. This approach is a multistep process that includes: computer simulated (in silico) peptide predictions, protein purification, proteolytic digestion, peptide purification, and ultimately mass spectrometry. Signature peptides were determined through in silico peptide predictions and iterative tuning processes to represent Amevive® (Alefacept), a therapeutic for psoriasis, for quantification in human plasma. Horse heart myoglobin was chosen as a protein analogue internal standard to compensate for errors associated with matrix effects and to track recovery throughout the entire sample pretreatment process. Samples were prepared for analysis by selective precipitation of the target proteins with optimized pH and heat conditions followed by enzymatic digestion, dilution, and filtration. Combining selective precipitation and protein analogue internal standard lead to a method validated according to current FDA guidelines and achieved a linear range (250-10,000 ng/mL) suitable for monitoring the therapeutic levels of Alefacept (500 -6000 ng/mL) without the use of antibodies. A second approach exploited the mass spectrometric behavior of intact polypeptides. A polypeptide can exist in multiple charge states separated by mass to charge ratio (m/z). Herein, the charge state distribution and the formation of product ions to form selected reaction monitoring (SRM) transitions for intact polypeptide quantitative analysis was evaluated in plasma. Oxyntomodulin, a 37 amino acid anorectic peptide (4449 Da), was employed as a model for analysis in rat plasma. The +7 charge state form of OXM was used to form an SRM for quantitative analysis. Two-dimensional reversed phase ion pair chromatography, a modified solid phase extraction, and a multiply charged SRM of oxyntomodulin enabled a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL. Following development of the LC-MS/MS method, a validation of this approach was performed according to FDA guidelines. Finally, to show further utility of LC-MS/MS, the validated oxyntomodulin method was used in a pharmacokinetic study with sprague-dawley rats. Rats were dosed with oxyntomodulin through intravenous or intratracheal instillation routes of administration. Plasma concentration-time profiles were determined. Using these profiles, noncompartmental parameters were determined for each dose and routes of administration.
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Zalavadia, Ankit. "QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF 5-CHLORO-2-METHOXY-N-[2-(4-SULFAMOYLPHENYL)ETHYL]BENZAMIDE (GLYBURIDE ANALOGUE, GA) IN MOUSE PLASMA AND WHOLE BLOOD USING A MICRO-EXTRACTION AND LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4279.
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Pharmacokinetic evaluation of 5-chloro-2-methoxy-N-[2-(4- sulfamoylphenyl)ethyl]benzamide in mouse plasma demanded for a suitable bioanalytical method. No reported bioanalytical method exists to-date that can quantify concentration of this compound in any biological matrix. The purpose of this study was 1) to develop and validate a new bioanalytical method using a micro-extraction and LC-MS/MS to quantify the target analyte in mouse plasma and 2) to partially validate the method in whole blood. A bioanalytical method was developed and validated in both matrices for a linear concentration range of 2-1000 ng/ml. For both matrices, the reverse predicted concentration of calibration standards (-8.95% to 12.16% and -9.54% to 12.90% respectively) and precision and accuracy (QCs) were within ±15% (%RSD and %BIAS). Four-hour bench top stability and post preparative stability results for plasma and whole blood matrices were within ±15% and ±20% respectively. Blood –plasma concentration correlation co-efficient was 0.9956 with a slope value of 1.018.
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Miller, John H. IV. "A NEW APPROACH TO DRIED BLOOD SPOT ANALYSIS FOR NEWBORN SCREENING USING HIGH RESOLUTION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2906.
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The primary purpose of newborn screening is to quickly identify children that are at risk of having a specific disorder in order to start treatment, prevent early death and reduce the chances of permanent physical or mental damage. The current and widely accepted approach used for identification of metabolism disorders involves a flow injection analysis with mass spectrometry detection of acylcarnitines and amino acids. Although this approach is widely accepted and has shown to be sufficient for identification of multiple metabolism disorders the method is not fully quantitative and results often have to be confirmed by second-tier tests. The primary focus of this research was to improve the accuracy and selectivity of this screening method by employing a high resolution chromatographic separation for the combined analysis of twelve acylcarnitines and seven amino acids. This method is an improvement over the current methodology allowing for separation of key isomers that are diagnostic for different metabolism disorders, reducing the need for multiple second-tier tests to confirm results and shortening the time to diagnosis. In order to further improve the efficiency of newborn screening we developed an in-line desorption device, which allows for direct analysis of DBS eliminating the need for punching disks from the filter paper cards. Our device was the first published paper that demonstrated the ability to directly analyze dried blood spots, without the need for any offline sample processing. Using this device, we validated a method to quantify biomarkers related to Maple Syrup Urine Disease, a disorder that requires a second-tier test for confirmation. To further improve the accuracy of dried blood spot analysis we evaluated a technique to correct the sample volume in low and high hematocrit samples. The level of hematocrit in blood spotted on filter paper cards affects the volume of sample analyzed, leading to errors in accuracy. Diffuse reflectance was used to relate differences in sample hematocrit on dried blood spots. We validated our technique with eighteen donor samples at various levels of hematocrit. Correcting sample volume for hematocrit showed improved precision and accuracy over the standard approach, ultimately reducing the potential to misidentify samples.
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Scheepmaker, Mande. "The quality of selected local and international homoeopathic mother tinctures according to thin layer chromatographic (tlc) analysis." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3757.
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M.Tech.Homoeopathic mother tinctures have an extensive therapeutic history and as the emphasis of health is becoming a worldwide trend, homoeopathic preparations are becoming increasingly popular. However, the quality control and quality assurance still remains a challenge because of the high variability of chemical components involved (Pande and Pathak, 2006). Homoeopathic mother tinctures, singularly and in combinations, contain a copious number of compounds in complex matrices in which no single active constituent is responsible for the overall efficacy. This creates a challenge in establishing quality control standards for raw materials and standardization of finished herbal drugs, resulting in varying standards for these preparations globally (Chitlange, 2008). Various homoeopathic mother tinctures were selected for comparative analysis and consisted of: Artemisia absinthium, Rosmarinus officinalis e foliis recentibus, Sambucus nigra and Salvia officinalis are all manufactured according to the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia method 3a, indicating the use of fresh plant material to produce the mother tincture (German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia, 2003). Many factors influence the quality of homoeopathic mother tinctures and many parameters must be met when assessing the quality of these products (Bandaranayake, 2006). Through thin layer chromatography analysis of the selected homoeopathic mother tinctures one is able to determine whether the active components of the samples are present and deduce whether the sample complies with the minimum standard quality stipulated in the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia as well as the Good Manufacturing Practice (Waksmundzka-Hojnos et al., 2008). Samples of each homoeopathic mother tincture, purchased from both local and international manufacturers, were decanted into amber glass bottles, randomized and relabeled. The colour of each sample was assessed and compared to the standard colour stated in the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia. For the thin layer chromatographic analysis, each sample together with reference sample were prepared and developed on both aluminum backed TLC plates and glass backed HPTLC plates. Photographs of the resultant chromatograms were taken, the presence of the active components were identified and the quality of each homoeopathic mother tincture was deduced.
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Onadeko, Toluwalope. "Preparation and characterization of oil-in-water nano-emulsions of trifluoperazine for parenteral drug delivery." 2009. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/etd,97910.
Full textBooks on the topic "Pharmacy Chromatographic analysis"
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F, Poole Colin, Weins Christel, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Quantitative Thin-Layer Chromatography: A Practical Survey. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.
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1937-, Hostettmann M., and Marston A. 1953-, eds. Preparative chromatography techniques: Applications in natural product isolation. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.
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1953-, Marston A., and Hostettmann M. 1937-, eds. Preparative chromatography techniques: Applications in natural product isolation. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1998.
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G, Watson David. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. Edinburgh [Scotland]: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
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G, Watson David. Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2012.
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Pharmaceutical analysis: A textbook for pharmacy students and pharmaceutical chemists. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2012.
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1945-, Bladt S., ed. Plant drug analysis: A thin layer chromatography atlas. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1996.
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Wagner, Hildebert. Plant drug analysis: A thin layer chromatography atlas. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.
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Wagner, Hildebert. Plant drug analysis: A thin layer chromatography atlas. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.
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Wagner, Hildebert. Plant drug analysis: A thin layer chromatography atlas. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Pharmacy Chromatographic analysis"
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YANG, Fen, and Dongri JIN. "Quantitative Analysis of Ketoprofen Enantiomers by Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry." In International Conference on Biological Engineering and Pharmacy 2016 (BEP 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/bep-16.2017.41.
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Akkbik, Mohammed, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammad Diab, Ayad Moslih, Ahmed Makhlouf, Loua Al Shaikh, Guillaume Alinier, and Ousama Rachid. "Thermal Stability of 0.9% Sodium Chloride IV Fluid exposed to Short- and Long-Term Extreme Conditions." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0135.
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Purpose: 0.9% sodium chloride IV fluid (normal saline) is critical in a clinical setting and may save lives. Data on thermal stability of normal saline, in out-of-hospital settings, are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on normal saline stability. Method: Normal saline provided in flexible plastic containers (Qatar Pharma, BA:1929013008, n=96) were stored at constant temperature of 22, 50, or 70°C, and at cyclic temperature of 70°C for 8 hours and 22°C for 16 hours for a period up to 28 days. The containers were sampled at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks in the short- and long-term study, respectively. Fluid inside containers was evaluated for discoloration, turbidity, bulging, and pH. A 1 mL of normal saline was withdrawn from each container and stored at 4°C until analysis. A 20 µL was diluted in 12 mL distilled water to be injected into ion exchange chromatography instrument (Metrohm, 850 Professional IEC) for the measurement of sodium and chloride levels. Results: Discoloration or turbidity of normal saline fluid was not observed at any temperature or exposure period. The container slightly bulged at 50˚C and largely bulged at 70˚C & cyclic. The pH was 5.59±0.08 at 22˚C, 5.73±0.04 at 50˚C, 5.86±0.02 at 70˚C and 5.79±0.03 at cyclic. Remaining sodium and chloride levels ranged from 100.2±0.26% to 111.27±4.22% and from 99.04±0.76 to 110.95±2.62%, respectively. Conclusion: Normal saline containers are stable up to 4 weeks under simulated constant and cyclic high temperatures. Storage in the cabinet of ambulance vehicles during hot summer season in an arid country like Qatar is to be assessed in real-life conditions.
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Fujikawa, K., T. Funakoshi, R. L. Heimark, and J. F. Tait. "HUMAN PLACENTAL ANTICOAGULANT PROTEIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642949.
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Endothelium is important to maintain blood fluidity preventing coagulation. Glycosaminoglycan in the endothelial cell plasma membrane has been thought to prevent activation of blood coagulation. Heparin-like compound, which is a potent anticoagulant activity, has been localized on the surface of the cultured endothelial cells. Anticoagulant action associated with thrombomodulin, which is present in endothelial cells, is another mechanism to provide hemostatic nature of endothelial cells.We wondered whether any other intracellular protein(s) is involved in coagulation. We looked for such a protein(s) in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. We soon found an anticoagulant activity in the soluble fraction of endothelial cells and it was partially purified. This activity was adsorbed to DEAE-Sepharose and eluted from a gel filtration column in a molecular weight range of 30,000-40,000. However, limited amounts of the cells made it difficult to purify this activity. We then chose human placenta as a substitute source of this protein and have continued the purification of this anticoagulant activity.In this communication, we describe the isolation and characterization of a placental anticoagulant protein, called "PAP", which is silmilar or possible same as the endothelial anticoaguant protein. PAP was purified from the soluble fraction of human placenta by ammonium sulfate precipitation and column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose, Sephadex G-75, and mono S (Pharmacia). Approximately 20 mg of the protein was purified from one placenta. The purified protein gave a single band by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular weight of 36,500. This protein inhibited both kaolin- and thromboplastin-induced partial thromboplastin times of normal human plasma. It also inhibited the clotting time of platelet-rich plasma induced by factor Xa, but did not affect the thrombin activity of fibrinogen-fibrin conversion. The purified protein completely inhibited the prothrombin activation by reconstituted prothrombinase. The protein neither inhibited the amidolytic activity of factor Xa nor bound factor Xa. This protein specifically bound to phospholipid vesicles (20% phosphatidylserine and 80% phosphatidylcholine) in the presence of calcium ions. These results indicate that PAP inhibits coagulation through the binding to phospholipid vesicles. The study on the amino acid sequence of PAP is in progress in our laboratory. Surprisingly, the sequence analysis of the cyanogen bromide fragments revealed that PAP is a new member of the lipocortin or calpactin family. The sequences of several cyanogen bromide fragments of PAP aligns with the sequences of lipocortin I and II with over 50% identity.Since PAP interacts directly with phospholipid rather than factor Xa, other activation steps in the coagulation cascade, in which phospholipid is involved, are pro^|bly affected by PAP. These reactions are the activation of factor X by a complex of factor IXa-factor VIIIa-phospholipid-Ca++ and the activations of factor X and factor IX by a tissue factor-factor VIIa-Ca++ complex.Reutelingsperger et. al,, have reported the isolation of a novel inhibitor from arteries of human umbilical cord. This protein inhibited the prothrombin activation by prothrombinase. The authors proposed that the inhibition mechanism of this inhibitor was a competition with factor Xa for binding to phospholipid. This protein is very similar to PAP as to the mode of inhibition. The molecular weight of this inhibitor is 32,000, which is slightly smaller than PAP. With the limited chemical characterization of this protein, presently it is difficult to identify this inhibitor with PAP.At the present time, the physiological role and origin of PAP is not known. PAP may originate from the endothelium of placenta, because we have detected a PAP-like anticoagulant activity in bovine aortic endothelial cells. This activity and PAP were quite alike in the purification up to the gel filtration step. If PAP antibody recognizes the antigen in the endothelial cells, it is interesting to see whether PAP localizes on the surface or inside the cells. Nevertheless, if PAP is present in the endothelial cells, it may play an important role to maintain the hemostatic nature of endothelium. PAP may bind phospholipid components at injured sites, before coagulation factors come in contact with lipid components and initiate thrombolytic events.