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Khudhur, Saja. "HOSPITAL PHARMACY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Iraqi Journal for Computers and Informatics 44, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25195/ijci.v44i2.56.
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Generally, the electronic technology has been implemented to automate the traditional systems. So, differentcopy of management systems in different scope were presented. These systems include the services provided to company as wellas people, such as, healthcare. The traditional data management systems for pharmacy as example, suffer fromthe capacity, time consuming, medicines accessibility, managing the medicines store as well as the need of qualifiedstaff according to the requirements of employer expectations. In this paper, a hospital e-pharmacy system is proposed in order to facilitate the job, outdo the mentioned problems. A data management system to the Iraqi hospital's pharmacy is proposed which is divided into two main parts: database, and Graphical User Interface (GUI) frames. The database built using SQL Server contains the pharmacy information relatedto the medicines, patient information….etc. the GUI frames ease the use of the proposed system by unskilled users. Theproposal system is responsible on monitoring and controlling the work of pharmacy in hospital in terms of management ofmedicine issuing ordering and hospital reports.
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Kapoor, Bhushan, and Timothy Mullen. "Integration of Just In Time (JIT) Inventory in Outpatient Pharmacy Information Systems." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 14, no. 4 (October 2012): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2012100103.
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With the implementation of the recent Healthcare Reform Act and the increased scrutiny on the soaring costs of healthcare, medical plans are looking for ways to optimize workflows and reduce costs. Titan Healthcare is a large non-profit integrated healthcare company located in Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, and Texas. They provide health insurance coverage, and a broad range of comprehensive health care services. Titan Healthcare is engrossed to employ the best strategies to close performance gaps and efficiently manage their operations. To help improve their pharmacy operations, they are seeking to design and implement a new Outpatient Pharmacy Information System which will handle both dispensing and inventory functionality. From a pharmacy inventory perspective, expectations for the system are to significantly reduce inventory costs and increase service levels to their members. Titan Healthcare is currently exploring options for designing the right Outpatient Pharmacy Inventory Management System for its operations.
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Woodruff, Alise E., and C. Anthony Hunt. "Involvement in Medical Informatics May Enable Pharmacists to Expand Their Consultation Potential and Improve the Quality of Healthcare." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 1 (January 1992): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600119.
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The outlook for pharmacy-related services foretells more involvement of both computers and information systems. Expert therapeutic systems and databases will enable pharmacists to expand their consultation potential through networks and improve the quality of healthcare that they provide. Therapeutic information management could be the largest pharmacy speciality of the future. As knowledge-based systems and networks become commonplace, there will be an increasing need for new components, system monitoring, and quality assurance. This is an opportunity for pharmacy to bring medical computing, as it relates to therapeutics, into the mainstream of the profession as a new discipline.
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Kazemi, Alireza, Reza Rabiei, Hamid Moghaddasi, and Ghasem Deimazar. "Pharmacy Information Systems in Teaching Hospitals: A Multi-dimensional Evaluation Study." Healthcare Informatics Research 22, no. 3 (2016): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.4258/hir.2016.22.3.231.
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Abdul Aziz, Mohd Radzi, and Maryati Mohd. Yusof. "Managing Change: A Model for Organisational Readiness to Adopt Pharmacy Information Systems." Jurnal Pengurusan 52 (2018): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2018-52-16.
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Rough, Steve, Rita Shane, John A. Armitstead, Sylvia M. Belford, Philip W. Brummond, David Chen, Christine M. Collins, et al. "The high-value pharmacy enterprise framework: Advancing pharmacy practice in health systems through a consensus-based, strategic approach." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 78, no. 6 (February 4, 2021): 498–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxaa431.
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AbstractPurposeThe high-value pharmacy enterprise (HVPE) framework and constituent best practice consensus statements are presented, and the methods used to develop the framework’s 8 domains are described.SummaryA panel of pharmacy leaders used an evidence- and expert opinion–based approach to define core and aspirational elements of practice that should be established within contemporary health-system pharmacy enterprises by calendar year 2025. Eight domains of an HVPE were identified: Patient Care Services; Business Services; Ambulatory and Specialty Pharmacy Services; Inpatient Operations; Safety and Quality; Pharmacy Workforce; Information Technology, Data, and Information Management; and Leadership. Phase 1 of the project consisted of the development of draft practice statements, performance elements, and supporting evidence for each domain by panelists, followed by a phase 2 in-person meeting for review and development of consensus for statements and performance elements in each domain. During phase 3, the project cochairs and panelists finalized the domain drafts and incorporated them into a full technical report and this summary report.ConclusionThe HVPE framework is a strategic roadmap to advance pharmacy practice by ensuring safe, effective, and patient-centered medication management and business practices throughout the health-system pharmacy enterprise. Grounded in evidence and expert recommendations, the statements and associated performance elements can be used to identify strategic priorities to improve patient outcomes and add value within health systems.
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Smith, Mark W., and George J. Joseph. "Pharmacy Data in the VA Health Care System." Medical Care Research and Review 60, no. 3_suppl (September 2003): 92S—123S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558703256726.
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Recent advances in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care data systems have greatly increased access to operational pharmacy information. This article presents a brief guide to VA pharmacy data sources: the Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture files, the Pharmacy Benefits Management database, Decision Support System (DSS) National Data Extracts for inpatient and outpatient care, the planned DSS National Pharmacy Extract, DSS databases at local VA facilities, and the Non-VA Fee Basis files. Depending on the source, available data elements include patient demographics, clinical care information, characteristics of the medication and of the pre-scribing physician, and cost. Access policies are detailed for VA and non-VA researchers. Linking these sources to VA databases containing data on inpatient and outpatient ser-vices offers a comprehensive view of health care within several VA populations of general interest, including people over age 65 and those with physical and psychiatric disabilities.
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Culler, Steven D., James Jose, Susan Kohler, Paula Edwards, Ansley D. Dee, Francois Sainfort, and Kimberly Rask. "Implementing a Pharmacy System: Facilitators and Barriers." Journal of Medical Systems 33, no. 2 (June 29, 2008): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-008-9167-3.
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Kelley, Lindsey R., Shelby L. Corman, and Robert J. Weber. "A Pharmacy Director's Primer on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009." Hospital Pharmacy 44, no. 9 (September 2009): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4409-813.
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The Director's Forum series is written and edited by Michael Sanborn and Robert Weber and is designed for guiding pharmacy leaders in establishing patient-centered services in hospitals and health systems. Another specific goal of this column is addressing many of the key challenges that pharmacy directors currently face, while also providing information that will foster growth in pharmacy leadership and patient safety. Previous articles in this series have discussed the many different aspects of pharmacy management and leadership challenges. This feature addresses the impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (the Stimulus Program) on hospital pharmacy practices.
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Ogushi, Y., Y. Okada, M. Kimura, I. Kumamoto, Y. Sekita, and Y. Haruki. "Status and Perspective of Hospital Information Systems in Japan." Methods of Information in Medicine 38, no. 03 (1999): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634185.
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AbstractQuestionnaire surveys were sent to hospital managers, designed to shape the policy for future hospital information systems in Japan. The answers show that many hospitals use dedicated management systems, especially for patient registration and accounting, and personnel, food control, pharmacy and financial departments. In many hospitals, order-entry systems for laboratory tests and prescriptions are well developed. Half of the hospitals have patient databases used for inquiries of basic patient information, history of outpatient care and hospital care. The most obvious benefit is the reduction of office work, due to effective hospital information system. Many hospital managers want to use the following sub systems in the future for automatic payment, waiting time display, patient records search, automatic prescription verification, drug side-effect monitoring, and graphical display of patient record data.
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DEMİREL, Assist Prof Dr Demokaan. "Effectivness of Health Information System Applications: Clinical Information and Diagnosis-Treatment Systems in Turkey." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p122-131.
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The distinctive quality of the new social structure is that information becomes the only factor of production. In today's organizations, public administrators are directly responsible for applying information to administrative processes. In addition to his managerial responsibilities, a knowledge based organization requires every employee to take responsibility for achieving efficiency. This has increased the importance of information systems in the decision-making process. Information systems consist of computer and communication technology, data base management and model management and include activity processing system, management information system, decision support systems, senior management information system, expert systems and office automation systems. Information systems in the health sector aim at the management and provision of preventive and curative health services. The use of information systems in healthcare has the benefits of increasing service quality, shortening treatment processes, maximizing efficiency of the time, labour and medical devices. The use of information systems for clinical decision making and reducing medical errors in the healthcare industry dates back to the 1960s. Clinical information systems involve processing, storing and re-accessing information that supports patient care in a hospital. Clinical information systems are systems that are directly or indirectly related to patient care. These systems include electronic health/patient records, clinical decision support systems, nurse information systems, patient tracking systems, tele-medicine, case mix and smart card applications. Diagnosis-treatment systems are information-based systems used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It consists of laboratory information systems, picture archiving and communication system, pharmacy information system, radiology information system, nuclear medicine information system. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of health information system applications in Turkey. The first part of the study focuses on the concept of information systems and the types of information systems in organization structures. In the second part, clinical information systems and applications for diagnosis-treatment systems in Turkey are examined. Finally, the study evaluates applications in the health sector qualitatively from the new organizational structure, which is formed by information systems.
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Schentag, Jerome J., Joseph A. Paladino, Mary C. Birmingham, Gabrial Zimmer, James R. Carr, and Stephen C. Hanson. "Use of Benchmarking Techniques to Justify the Evolution of Antibiotic Management Programs in Healthcare Systems." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 11, no. 5 (September 1995): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259501100508.
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Objective: To apply basic benchmarking techniques to hospital antibiotic expenditures and clinical pharmacy personnel and their duties, to identify cost savings strategies for clinical pharmacy services. Design: Prospective survey of 18 hospitals ranging in size from 201 to 942 beds. Each was asked to provide antibiotic expenditures, an overview of their clinical pharmacy services, and to describe the duties of clinical pharmacists involved in antibiotic management activities. Specific information was sought on the use of pharmacokinetic dosing services, antibiotic streamlining, and oral switch in each of the hospitals. Results: Most smaller hospitals (<300 beds) did not employ clinical pharmacists with the specific duties of antibiotic management or streamlining. At these institutions, antibiotic management services consisted of formulary enforcement and aminoglycoside and/or vancomycin dosing services. The larger hospitals we surveyed employed clinical pharmacists designated as antibiotic management specialists, but their usual activities were aminoglycoside and/or vancomycin dosing services and formulary enforcement. In virtually all hospitals, the yearly expenses for antibiotics exceeded those of Millard Fillmore Hospitals by $2,000–3,000 per occupied bed. In a 500-bed hospital, this difference in expenditures would exceed $1.5 million yearly. Millard Fillmore Health System has similar types of patients, but employs clinical pharmacists to perform streamlining and/or switch functions at days 2–4, when cultures come back from the laboratory. Conclusions: The antibiotic streamlining and oral switch duties of clinical pharmacy specialists are associated with the majority of cost savings in hospital antibiotic management programs. The savings are considerable to the extent that most hospitals with 200–300 beds could readily cost-justify a full-time clinical pharmacist to perform these activities on a daily basis. Expenses of the program would be offset entirely by the reduction in the actual pharmacy expenditures on antibiotics.
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Chou, Ying-Chyi, Been-Yuan Chen, Ya-Yun Tang, Zheng-Ji Qiu, Ming-Fen Wu, Shuw-Chuan Wang, Hui-Shin Lin, and Wen-Chi Chuang. "Prescription-Filling Process Reengineering of an Outpatient Pharmacy." Journal of Medical Systems 36, no. 2 (July 13, 2010): 893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-010-9553-5.
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Marietza, Fenny, and Cardova Gloria Artha Siahaan. "Pengaruh Kontrol Otoritas dan Strategi Bisnis Terhadap Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Manajemen (SIAM) Pada Perusahaan Farmasi Di Palembang." Jurnal Akuntansi 6, no. 2 (June 26, 2016): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j.akuntansi.6.2.185-196.
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This research aims to examine influenceof control authorities and business strategy towards informationmanagement accounting systems (SI AM) on the company pharmacy in Palembang. The population used in the studyin the i that is p erusahaan f armasi in Palembang. Samples in research use respon en Pharmaceutical companyManager in Palembang that understands the systems account information tansi was man ajemen (SI AM). Dataresearch results processed by downloading will double the ber linear esi regr yan g showed positive and significanteffect of controling formal management accounting information system (SIAM). Control authority in formalinfluential positif and significantly limited management accounting information system (SIAM). Influential businessstrategy positively and significantly to management accounting information system (SIAM).Keywords: Control Authority, Business Strategy, Management Accounting Information System.
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Jacknowitz, A. I., M. A. Abate, and J. M. Shumway. "Attitudes of Community Pharmacists, University-Based Pharmacists, and Students Toward On-Line Information Resources." Methods of Information in Medicine 35, no. 02 (April 1996): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634642.
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AbstractThe study sought to explore the attitudes of community pharmacists, university-based pharmacists, and pharmacy students before and after exposure to computerized systems of on-line information services. A 42-item attitudinal survey was administered to 21 community pharmacists, 7 university clinical pharmacist faculty, and 17 senior pharmacy students, prior to and at the end of a year of access to Grateful Med® and BRS Colleague®. Few significant differences were noted among the participants at baseline. No significant interaction-effect differences for type of participant or system used were found. Participants were generally positive about computers in general, the accuracy of on-line information services, their impact on knowledge and confidence, and their usefulness for pharmacists.
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Lee, Cik, Safeera Hussainy, and Rohan Elliott. "Electronic prescribing and medication management at a residential aged care facility." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 01 (January 2016): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2015-08-ra-0098.
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SummaryA cloud-based mobile electronic prescribing and medication management system (ePMMS), in which prescribers’ orders directly populate residential aged care facility (RACF) medication administration records (MARs) and are communicated electronically to the RACF’s pharmacy, may create efficiencies and improve patient safety when compared to the paper-based and hybrid paper-electronic medication management systems used in most Australian RACFs. Little is known about general-practitioners’ (GPs’), nurses’ and pharmacists’ acceptance of, or experiences with, ePMMS.To explore the uptake of an ePMMS by GPs, and the experiences and perceptions of GPs, nurses and pharmacists, at a 90-bed RACF that tested a beta-version ePMMS.Retrospective audit to determine the proportion of medicines ordered by GPs via the ePMMS over a three-month period. Focus groups conducted three-to-four months after implementation: one with GPs (n=5), one with nurses (n=12); in-depth interview/survey of pharmacists (n=2). Qualitative data were analysed thematically.Three of seven GPs used the ePMMS to order medicines; 53/205(25.9%) medicines were ordered via the ePMMS by GPs.Two broad themes were identified: benefits of the ePMMS, and barriers/limitations. Benefits related to patient safety and workforce efficiency, and included GPs’ ability to access and modify residents’ MARs remotely, no need for nurses to fax orders to the pharmacy, and no need for pharmacy transcription of GPs’ handwritten orders to create electronic MARs. Barriers and limitations related to inefficiency, low GP uptake and training/support, and included slower prescribing compared to written orders, the need for GP-signed paper copies of the MAR, lack of integration with GP clinic software, and low GP motivation to use the system, especially GPs with few patients at the RACF.GPs, nurses and pharmacists felt the ePMMS improved medication-safety and workforce-efficiency, however a number of barriers were identified that contributed to low GP-uptake and limited the benefits.
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Turner, Kea, Chelsea Renfro, Stefanie Ferreri, Kim Roberts, Trista Pfeiffenberger, and Christopher Shea. "Supporting Community Pharmacies with Implementation of a Web-Based Medication Management Application." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 02 (April 2018): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1651488.
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Objective Community pharmacists' role in clinical care is expanding in the United States and information systems are needed that extend beyond a dispensing workflow. As pharmacies adopt new systems, implementation support will be needed. This study identifies the barriers and facilitators experienced by community pharmacies in implementing a Web-based medication management application and describes the implementation strategies used to support these pharmacies. Methods Semistructured interviews were conducted with 28 program and research staff that provides support to community pharmacies participating in a statewide pharmacy network. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for themes using the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC). Results Findings suggest that leadership support, clinical training, and computer literacy facilitated implementation, while lack of system integration, staff resistance to change, and provider reluctance to share data served as barriers. To overcome the barriers, implementation support was provided, such as assessing readiness for implementation, developing a standardized and interoperable care plan, and audit and feedback of documentation quality. Conclusion Participants used a wide array of strategies to support community pharmacies with implementation and tailored approaches to accommodate pharmacy-specific preferences. Most of the support was delivered preimplementation or in the early phase of implementation and by program or research staff rather than peer-to-peer. Implementing new pharmacy information system requires a significant amount of implementation support to help end-users learn about program features, how to integrate the software into workflow, and how to optimize the software to improve patient care. Future research should identify which implementation strategies are associated with program performance.
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Sarwindah, Sarwindah, Marini Marini, and Tirta Aditya Pratama. "Implementasi MSIP (Manajemen Sistem Informasi Pendistribusian) Keluar Masuk Obat Pada Gudang Farmasi Kelapa." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v4i2.1952.
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The process of drug distribution is one of the main processes in drug management which has an important role in managing drug availability. In its implementation, the drug distribution process requires information regarding the receipt, supply and expenditure of the drug between the sending and receiving parties, where the information can be changed periodically according to the entry and exit of the drug. Therefore Pharmacy Pharmacy warehouse in Kelapa Puskesmas which has the task of distributing drugs to sub-service units should be able to meet the needs in managing information on the drug distribution process. This research was conducted to analyze and design "Web-Based Drug Distribution Information System in Coconut Pharmacy Warehouse". In this research, the research method used by the author is the Oriented Object method with case studies in the distribution of drugs and to design information systems using the Oriented object approach and for the development method using the UML method.it can be seen that the Drug Distribution Information System in the Web-Based Coconut Pharmacy Warehouse is currently experiencing problems, because there are some data processing processes that are still conventional in nature, and there is still no integration of drug inventory data with drug sales data and so forth
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Grams, Ralph R., Dake Zhang, and Beidi Yue. "A primary care application of an integrated computer-based pharmacy system." Journal of Medical Systems 20, no. 6 (December 1996): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02257285.
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Barnum, Darold T., Karen L. Shields, Surrey M. Walton, and Glen T. Schumock. "Improving the Efficiency of Distributive and Clinical Services in Hospital Pharmacy." Journal of Medical Systems 35, no. 1 (July 14, 2009): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-009-9341-2.
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Hindi, Ali Mawfek Khaled, Ellen Ingrid Schafheutle, and Sally Jacobs. "Applying a whole systems lens to the general practice crisis: cross-sectional survey looking at usage of community pharmacy services in England by patients with long-term respiratory conditions." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e032310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032310.
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ObjectiveUK policy initiatives aiming to extend community pharmacy services to moderate patient demands and to reduce general practitioners’ (GPs) workload have had limited success. This study used marketing theory to identify factors that could influence patients to make better use of community pharmacies within the primary care pathway.DesignCross-sectional postal survey design applying the ‘7Ps marketing mix’ (‘product’, ‘price’, ‘place’, ‘promotion’, ‘people’, ‘process’ and ‘physical evidence’).SettingGreater Manchester, England.ParticipantsPatients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease registered at two GP practices.Primary outcomePatient preference for community pharmacy services.ResultsThe response rate was 29% (289/1003). Most respondents preferred to use GP practices for invasive/diagnostic services (product) while preferring using community pharmacy for medicines supply and minor ailments (place). Stronger preference for using GP practices over community pharmacy was significantly associated with gender (male>female), age group (≥65 years) and healthcare services previously accessed at the pharmacy. Respondents perceived they would be more likely to use community pharmacy services if pharmacists offered them enough time to discuss any concerns (73.3%) (price), if community pharmacies had private/clean consultation rooms (70%–73%) (physical evidence) and if pharmacy staff had strong interpersonal skills (68%–70%) (people). Respondents were divided on likelihood of using community pharmacy services if pharmacists could access their whole medical record but wanted pharmacists to add information about their visit (59.6%) (process). Respondents would be encouraged to use community pharmacy for healthcare services if they were offered services by pharmacy staff or recommended/referred to services by their GP (44%) (promotion).ConclusionsUsing the 7Ps marketing mix highlighted that community pharmacies having staff with strong interpersonal skills, good quality consultation rooms and integrated information systems could positively influence patients to use community pharmacies for management of long-term conditions. There are opportunities for community pharmacies to alleviate GP workload, but a whole system approach will be necessary.
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Butler, C. David. "Pharmacy Data Integrity for Optimal Analytics." International Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics 4, no. 2 (July 2014): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkdb.2014070103.
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The use and creation of data continues to proliferate, with each year seeing further reliance on information systems to support practitioners and organizations. This surge is expected to continue at an even faster pace with the increased use of inexpensive storage methods of any type of data, plus greater reliance on computerized clinical decision-making tools. Yet data integrity remains essential to every organization and to every healthcare practitioner in order to ensure the correct use of patient information to optimize care. It provides the assurance that the data you see every day is the same as it was the day before. It promises that the drug dosage regimen “QID,” whether you define it as four times daily or four times daily with meals and at bedtime, is applied using the same parameters for every patient (as you define a patient), across every day (or any time period), as you define day in your health care setting. It also means that referential connections between data values must be consistent. When a specific patient takes a specific combination of drug products, referential integrity must be applied to ensure the correct products, drug ingredients and strengths are recognized as being received by that patient. Definitions about data and their referential relationships must be made by the business person (the practitioner), rather than by information technology (IT). Only by doing this can appropriate business rules by applied by a database, which manages the information used in electronic medical records. Once a decision is made about what a datum represents, and how it relates to other data, whether by an individual or a group, it is imperative that the decision remain consistent over time. Should the definition evolve, it is also imperative that that evolution be tracked. Thus, organizations must establish governance committees to maintain consistency both across an organization and across time. Governance committees must have the highest level of authority to ensure that rules are not overridden on a casual, intermittent basis. Once business rules for data have been established, use of a relational database provides one of the strongest tools for ensuring that data integrity is maintain. This paper explores the concepts serving as the foundation for today's relational database management systems. A top-down approach is described using an Entity-Relationship diagram that can be used to create a relational model for implementation in a relational database management system. A bottom-up approach is described using functional dependencies and normalization. A pharmacist should be able to apply these concepts in corporation with a database architect to ensure the appropriate, consistent use of drug data within an organization. A pharmacist must be able to validate all drug information being used across the organization in order to minimize medication errors and optimize patient care. Only by being the subject matter expert on governance committees and working closely with IT and quality assurance can pharmacy maintain appropriate control over the use of drug information by healthcare technology.
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Arina Nur Syahputri and Dimas Aryo Anggoro. "PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN DENGAN PLATFORM E-COMMERCE PADA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH APOTEK SARI HUSADA DEMAK." SINTECH (Science and Information Technology) Journal 3, no. 1 (April 19, 2020): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31598/sintechjournal.v3i1.540.
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Sari Husada Pharmacy is one of the regional companies engaged in drug sales in Demak Regency. The company prioritizes innovation in information technology to face globalization and modern business competition in the industrial era 4.0. Improved services are needed so they can add regular customers and provide comfort to the existence of e-commerce. E-commerce solutions will overcome the problem of some customers who do not easily reach the location of the pharmacy because the transaction activities do not have to be in one place and it is difficult to check the stock of the drug, so that information systems are made more effective and efficient. The method used uses SDLC application development, namely waterfall. This method consists of five sequences, including: analysis, design, coding, testing, and implementation. This information system is created using PHP programming with CodeIgniter, Javascript, CSS (Bootstrap) and Sublime Text frameworks and database management using PHPMyAdmin which is installed together in Xampp, Apache Web Server and MySQL. The testing technique uses Blackbox and User Acceptance Test (UAT). The results of calculations from the User Acceptance Test (UAT) is 85,4% determine that the information system is very good to implemented at Sari Husada Pharmacy.
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Brown, KL, and HI Mesak. "Scheduling professionals in the retail pharmacy chain." Omega 20, no. 5-6 (September 1992): 671–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0483(92)90011-u.
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Adams, Katharine, Jessica Howe, Allan Fong, Joseph Puthumana, Kathryn Kellogg, Michael Gaunt, and Raj Ratwani. "An Analysis of Patient Safety Incident Reports Associated with Electronic Health Record Interoperability." Applied Clinical Informatics 08, no. 02 (April 2017): 593–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2017-01-ra-0014.
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SummaryBackground: With the widespread use of electronic health records (EHRs) for many clinical tasks, interoperability with other health information technology (health IT) is critical for the effective delivery of care. While it is generally recognized that poor interoperability negatively impacts patient care, little is known about the specific patient safety implications. Understanding the patient safety implications will help prioritize interoperability efforts around architectures and standards.Objectives: Our objectives were to (1) identify patient safety incident reports that reflect EHR interoperability challenges with other health IT, and (2) perform a detailed analysis of these reports to understand the health IT systems involved, the clinical care processes impacted, whether the incident occurred within or between provider organizations, and the reported severity of the patient safety events.Methods: From a database of 1.735 million patient safety event (PSE) reports spanning multiple provider organizations, 2625 reports that were indicated as being health IT related by the event reporter were reviewed to identify EHR interoperability related reports. Through a rigorous coding process 209 EHR interoperability related events were identified and coded.Results: The majority of EHR interoperability PSE reports involved interfacing with pharmacy systems (i.e. medication related), followed by laboratory, and radiology. Most of the interoperability challenges in these clinical areas were associated with the EHR receiving information from other health IT systems as opposed to the EHR sending information to other systems. The majority of EHR interoperability challenges were within a provider organization and while many of the safety events reached the patient, only a few resulted in patient harm.Conclusions: Interoperability efforts should prioritize systems in pharmacy, laboratory, and radiology. Providers should recognize the need to improve EHRs interfacing with other health IT systems within their own organization.Citation: Adams KT, Howe JL, Fong A, Puthumana JS, Kellogg KM, Gaunt M, Ratwani RM. An analysis of patient safety incident reports associated with electronic health record interoperability. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 593–602 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2017-01-RA-0014
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Petratos, G. N., Y. Kim, R. S. Evans, S. D. Williams, and R. M. Gardner. "Comparing the Effectiveness of Computerized Adverse Drug Event Monitoring Systems to Enhance Clinical Decision Support for Hospitalized Patients." Applied Clinical Informatics 01, no. 03 (2010): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2009-11-ra-0009.
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Summary Objective: Performance of computerized adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring of electronic health records through a prospective ADE Monitor and ICD9-coded clinical text review operating independently and simultaneously on the same patient population for a 10-year period are compared. Requirements are compiled for clinical decision support in pharmacy systems to enhance ADE detection. Methods: A large tertiary care facility in Utah, with a history of quality improvement using its advanced hospital information system, was leveraged in this study. ICD9-based review of clinical charts (ICD9 System) was compared quantitatively and qualitatively to computer-assisted pharmacist-verified ADEs (ADE Monitor). The capture-recapture statistical method was applied to the data to determine an estimated prevalence of ADEs. Results: A total estimated ADE prevalence of 5.53% (13,420/242,599) was calculated, with the ICD9 system identifying 2,604 or 19.4%, and the ADE monitor 3,386 or 25.2% of all estimated ADEs. Both methods commonly identified 4.9% of all estimated ADEs and matched 62.0% of the time, each having its strength in detecting a slightly different domain of ADEs. 70% of the ADE documentation in the clinical notes was found in the discharge summaries. Conclusion: Coupled with spontaneous reporting, computerized methods account for approximately half of all ADEs that can currently be detected. To enhance ADE monitoring and patient safety in a hospitalized setting, pharmacy information systems should incorporate prospective structuring and coding of the text in clinical charts and using that data alongside computer-generated alerts of laboratory results and drug orders. Natural language processing can aid computerized detection by automating the coding, in real-time, of physician text from clinical charts so that decision support rules can be created and applied. New detection strategies and enhancements to existing systems should be researched to enhance the detection of ADEs since approximately half are not currently detected.
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Kusumadewi Purba, Ratih Puspita, and Syamsul Rizal Sinulingga. "The Balanced Scorecard Approach in Performance Measurement of The Pharmacy Installation of X Hospital Pangkalpinang." JURNAL KESEHATAN POLTEKKES KEMENKES RI PANGKALPINANG 7, no. 1 (October 17, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32922/jkp.v7i1.76.
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Balanced Scorecard was developed as a performance management system that sees the company's overall performance through four perspectives: financial; the customer; internal business processes; learning and growth. Cooperation with the Government to serve the patients of the national health coverage needs to be accompanied by good performance especially of human capital, informational capital, and the organizational capital in order to improve the quality of service. This research aims to determine the performance of Pharmacy Installation of X Hospital Pangkalpinang on learning and growth perspective with the Balanced Scorecard approach. This research is a descriptive research. The subjects of the research are head of pharmacy, employee pharmacy, personnel data, employee training data in accordance with the indicators contained in the learning and growth perspective. The results show that there is 100% of employee retention, employee training showed improvement, and management information systems capabilities have been available. Indicators that need to be improved is adequacy of pharmacists, the satisfaction of employees, organizational culture, organizational climate, leadership, team work, and alignment.
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Burney, F. A., and A. T. M. Jamil. "A microcomputer program for record keeping in the pharmacy of King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Medical Systems 9, no. 5-6 (December 1985): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00992572.
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Akiyama, M. "Risk Management and Measuring Productivity with POAS – Point of Act System." Methods of Information in Medicine 46, no. 06 (2007): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1625429.
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Summary Objectives : The concept of our system is not only to manage material flows, but also to provide an integrated management resource, a means of correcting errors in medical treatment, and applications to EBM (evidence-based medicine) through the data mining of medical records. Methods : Prior to the development of this system, electronic processing systems in hospitals did a poor job of accurately grasping medical practice and medical material flows. With POAS (Point of Act System), hospital managers can solve the so-called, “man, money, material, and information” issues inherent in the costs of healthcare. Results : The POAS system synchronizes with each department system, from finance and accounting, to pharmacy, to imaging, and allows information exchange. We can manage Man (Business Process), Material (Medical Materials and Medicine), Money (Expenditure for purchase and Receipt), and Information (Medical Records) completely by this system. Conclusions : Our analysis has shown that this system has a remarkable investment effect-saving over four million dollars per year-through cost savings in logistics and business process efficiencies. In addition, the quality of care has been improved dramatically while error rates have been reduced – nearly to zero in some cases.
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Berdot, Sarah, Abdelali Boussadi, Aurélie Vilfaillot, Mathieu Depoisson, Claudine Guihaire, Pierre Durieux, Laetitia Minh Maï Le, and Brigitte Sabatier. "Integration of a Commercial Barcode-Assisted Medication Dispensing System in a Teaching Hospital." Applied Clinical Informatics 10, no. 04 (August 2019): 615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694749.
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Objectives A commercial barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA) system was integrated to secure the medication process and particularly the dispensing stage by technicians and the administration stage with nurses. We aimed to assess the impact of this system on medication dispensing errors and barriers encountered during integration process. Methods We conducted a controlled randomized study in a teaching hospital, during dispensing process at the pharmacy department. Four wards were randomized in the experimental group and control group, with two wards using the system during 3 days with dedicated pharmacy technicians. The system was a closed loop system without information return to the computerized physician order entry system. The two dedicated technicians had a 1-week training session. Observations were performed by one observer among the four potential observers previously trained. The main outcomes assessed were dispensing error rates and the identification of barriers encountered to expose lessons learned from this study. Results There was no difference between the dispensing error rate of the control and experimental groups (7.9% for both, p = 0.927). We identified 10 barriers to pharmacy barcode-assisted system technology deployment. They concerned technical (problems with semantic interoperability interfaces, bad user interface, false errors generated, lack of barcodes), structural (poor integration with local information technology), work force (short staff training period, insufficient workforce), and strategic issues (system performance problems, insufficient budget). Conclusion This study highlights the difficulties encountered in integrating a commercial system in current hospital information systems. Several issues need to be taken into consideration before the integration of a commercial barcode-assisted system in a teaching hospital. In our experience, interoperability of this system with the electronic health record is the key for the success of this process with an entire closed loop system from prescription to administration. BCMA system at the dispensing process remains essential to purchase securing medication administration process.
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Lebedynets, Viacheslav, and Tetiana Karamavrova. "THE INTERNAL AUDITORS OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY SYSTEMS COMPETENCE IMPROVING." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2021.001625.
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The importance of internal audits for the pharmaceutical company, which is indicated in the guidelines for good practices in pharmacy (in particular, GMP, GDP).
The issue of selection, training, grading, certification and continuous improvement of the auditor’s competence at pharmaceutical companies are relevant and important both for domestic ones, and for foreign enterprises.
The aim of the study was to determine the competence of the pharmacy quality system internal auditors’ and the areas of its development.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was the competence of internal auditors of pharmaceutical quality systems. Empirical and theoretical research methods were used, in particular the method of comparative analysis of scientific literature in the field of research, the method of structural and logical modeling. The information basis was the provisions of regulations and materials published in the open professional scientific literature.
Results. The competence of quality management system auditors in general and pharmaceutical quality system in particular consists of personal qualities, professional knowledge and skills. The ISO 19011 standard highlights the importance of evaluating and continuous development of auditors’ competence. Such an assessment should take into account the needs of the audit program and its objectives. Areas of development of auditors' competence should be determined by the specifics of industry activities. This provision of the standard should be considered relevant for pharmaceutical companies.
Conclusions. We studied the requirements for the competence of QMS internal auditors of international and industry standards. A review of the regulatory framework showed a lack of information on the chosen area of the research. Defined requirements for the competence of the PQM audits staff assists the selection of specialists to the audit team so that the overall competence of the audit team is sufficient to achieve the objectives of the audit.
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Raut, Anant, Chase Yarbrough, Vivek Singh, Bikash Gauchan, David Citrin, Varun Verma, Jessica Hawley, et al. "Design and implementation of an affordable, public sector electronic medical record in rural Nepal." Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics 24, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/jhi.v24i2.862.
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IntroductionGlobally, electronic medical records are central to the infrastructure of modern healthcare systems. Yet the vast majority of electronic medical records have been designed for resource-rich environments and are not feasible in settings of poverty. Here we describe the design and implementation of an electronic medical record at a public sector district hospital in rural Nepal, and its subsequent expansion to an additional public sector facility.DevelopmentThe electronic medical record was designed to solve for the following elements of public sector healthcare delivery: 1) integration of the systems across inpatient, surgical, outpatient, emergency, laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy sites of care; 2) effective data extraction for impact evaluation and government regulation; 3) optimization for longitudinal care provision and patient tracking; and 4) effectiveness for quality improvement initiatives.ApplicationFor these purposes, we adapted Bahmni, a product built with open-source components for patient tracking, clinical protocols, pharmacy, laboratory, imaging, financial management, and supply logistics. In close partnership with government officials, we deployed the system in February of 2015, added on additional functionality, and iteratively improved the system over the following year. This experience enabled us then to deploy the system at an additional district-level hospital in a different part of the country in under four weeks. We discuss the implementation challenges and the strategies we pursued to build an electronic medical record for the public sector in rural Nepal.DiscussionOver the course of 18 months, we were able to develop, deploy and iterate upon the electronic medical record, and then deploy the refined product at an additional facility within only four weeks. Our experience suggests the feasibility of an integrated electronic medical record for public sector care delivery even in settings of rural poverty.
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Olubunmi Afolabi, M., and T. Oyedepo Oyebisi. "Pharmacists' Attitude to the Introduction of Automated Techniques in the Delivery of Pharmaceutical Services in Selected Nigerian Teaching Hospitals." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 20, no. 1 (February 2007): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190007302895.
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This study has investigated the attitude of hospital pharmacists toward the introduction of automated techniques in the delivery of pharmaceutical services in three Nigerian Teaching Hospitals. The results obtained from this survey showed that pharmacists have a good understanding of the various forms of automated techniques in pharmacy operations. The general perception showed that these techniques will impact positively on different aspects of the pharmacists' functions including routine dispensing, drug inventory management, and administrative tasks. Computerization of the appropriate database and ease of accessibility including an online communication network within the health system would ease the pharmacists' administrative functions. The respondents felt that their pharmaceutical care functions would be enhanced greatly as the routine manual tasks are taken care of with the automation. In particular, the pharmacists' time would be released for a close monitoring of patient drug therapy and provision of drug information services. The general consensus was that appropriate training workshops and continuing pharmacy education programs would provide practicing pharmacists with the required skill to manage automated pharmacy systems.
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Felkey, Bill G., and Brent I. Fox. "Pursuing Patient Portals." Hospital Pharmacy 44, no. 4 (April 2009): 346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4404-346.
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This month's column focuses on connecting patients with their providers and their health care systems. The United States is slowly moving from an emphasis on managing acute problems toward a focus on wellness and disease management. An important piece of this transition is equipping patients with access to information, providers, and resources that allow them to manage their own care. Portals are a method for enabling patients to actively contribute to their care.
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Rojas, D., and J. Carnicero. "Lessons Learned from Implementation of Information and Communication Technologies in Spain’s Healthcare Services." Applied Clinical Informatics 01, no. 04 (2010): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2010-07-cr-0041.
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Summary Background: Spain’s health services have undertaken a number of important projects aimed at the creation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) through the incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into patient care practices. The objective of this endeavor is to improve care quality and efficiency and increase responsiveness to the population‘s needs and demands. Between 2006-2009 over 300 million Euro were invested in projects of this type. Objective: To better understand the success criteria, the difficulties encountered and certain issues that must be kept in mind to ensure successful implementation of ICT projects in health organizations, based on Spain‘s experiences in this field. Methods: The projects’ results are analyzed using the criteria of compliance with the expected scope, cost and time frame. Results: The results can be considered satisfactory in primary care facilities, where almost 90% of Spain‘s general practitioners, pediatricians and primary care nurses are using electronic health record (EHR) systems. In hospitals EHR implementation is more uneven. Over 40% of Spanish primary care centers and 42% of pharmacies are using electronic prescription (the information system that connects the physician to the dispensing pharmacy and the dispensing pharmacy to the payer). Discussion: All of Spain’s health services are currently carrying out projects involving ICT application in healthcare, and a priori the benefits of ICT are not questioned. However, the costs and time frames required for these projects are clearly surpassing initial expectations, while the benefits perceived by both professionals and institutions remain limited. This situation may be due in part to the absence of a project management culture in the health services, which has led them to pay insufficient attention to the main difficulties and key issues related to the implementation of EHR.
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Al-Jazairi, Abdulrazaq S., Bashar K. Horanieh, and Osama A. Alswailem. "The usefulness of an ambulatory care pharmacy performance dashboard during the COVID-19 pandemic in a complex tertiary care system." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 78, no. 9 (February 14, 2021): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxab049.
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Abstract Purpose To describe the usefulness of an innovative “semi–real-time” pharmacy dashboard in managing workload during the unpredictable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Summary We created a pharmacy dashboard to monitor workload and key performance indicators during the dynamic COVID-19 crisis. The dashboard accessed the prescribing workload from our clinical information system and filled prescriptions from robotic prescription dispensing systems. The aggregated data was visualized using modern tools. The dashboard presents performance data in near real time and is updated every 15 minutes. After validation during the early weeks of the COVID-19 crisis, the dashboard provided reliable data and served as a great decision support aid in calculating the backlog of prescribed but unfilled prescriptions. It also aided in adjusting manpower, identifying prescribing and dispensing patterns, identifying trends, and diverting staff resources to appropriate locations. The dashboard has been useful in clearing the backlog in a timely manner, staff planning, and predicting the next coming surge so that we can proactively minimize accumulation of backlogged prescriptions. Conclusion Developing a dynamic, semi–real-time pharmacy dashboard during unstable circumstances such as those that have arisen during the COVID-19 pandemic can be very useful in ambulatory care pharmacy workload management.
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KAZANBAYEVA, A. S., K. E. IKLASSOVA, and V. P. KULIKOV. "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR ASSESSING LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH AUTOMATED TESTING MANAGEMENT." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 33 (March 20, 2019): 784–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n33.2019.799_periodico33_pgs_784_800.pdf.
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Testing knowledge is an important part of the pedagogical process, as it helps to improve the quality of professional knowledge, contributes to the effectiveness and efficiency of training. This article discusses the use of several approaches to building a fuzzy diagnostic expert system for knowledge testing. The aim of the research is a comprehensive optimisation of the process of mass test information processing in order to obtain reporting data, consideration of clear and fuzzy tests, drawing the analogy between clear and fuzzy tests, proposal and justification of different schemes of summing up the testingandproposal of one's own prototype of automated expert testing system which covers all stages of the testing process. Generally speaking, testing, as an algorithmic problem, can be represented as a problem of building an expert system to evaluate knowledge of testees. Such systems are used in solving many problems related to effective management, scientific research, and the like, where it is necessary to get the result with a limited amount of reliable information. It is established that the classical theory of tests has a number of controversial assumptions, and the results of its application have serious practical drawbacks. Therefore, the main principle of the approach in the work is the separation of the creation of a bank of test tasks and the process of compiling tests (bank of test material) and testing.
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Adeoye-Olatunde, Omolola A., Leslie M. Lake, Karen S. Hudmon, Alan J. Zillich, and Margie E. Snyder. "4012 Positive Deviants for Medication Therapy Management: A Mixed-Methods Comparative Case Study of Community Pharmacy Practices." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.420.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To optimize medication use in older adults, Medication Therapy Management (MTM) was launched as part of Medicare Prescription Drug (Part D) policy. The objective of this study was to generate hypotheses for strategies that contribute to community pharmacies’ ability to achieve high performance on policy relevant MTM quality measures. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This mixed-methods comparative case study design incorporated two conceptual models; the Positive Deviance model and Chronic Care Model. The study population consisted of pharmacy staff employed by a Midwestern division of a national supermarket-community pharmacy chain. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews and demographics. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed abductively or using descriptive statistics, respectively. Case comparisons were synthesized using the Framework Method. MTM quality measures used to evaluate participant pharmacies’ MTM performance mirrored quality measures under Domain 4 (Drug Safety and Accuracy of Drug Pricing) of the 2017 Medicare Part D Plan’ Star Rating measures. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Staff at 13 of the 18 selected pharmacies (72.2%) participated in interviews. Interviewees included 11 pharmacists, 11 technicians and three student interns. Strategies hypothesized as contributing to MTM performance included: 1. Strong pharmacist-provider relationships and trust, 2. Inability to meet patients’ cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic needs (negatively contributing), 3. Technician involvement in MTM, 4. Providing comprehensive medication reviews in person vs. phone alone, 5. Placing high priority on MTM, 6. Using maximum number of clinical information systems (CISs) to identify eligible patients. 7. Technicians using CISs to collect information for pharmacists, 8. Faxing prescribers adherence medication therapy problems (MTPs) and calling on indication MTPs. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our study resulted in eight strategies hypothesized to contribute to community pharmacy performance on MTM quality measures. To inform MTM policy recommendations, future research should engage stakeholders to assist with prioritizing hypotheses to be tested in a larger representative sample of pharmacies. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: This research was supported, in part, with support from the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute funded, in part by grant number TL1TR001107 from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Clinical and Translational Sciences Award. Dr. Adeoye-Olatunde is a part-time employee and Dr. Lake is a full-time employee at the Midwestern division, national supermarket-community pharmacy chain, where study procedures were conducted. Dr. Snyder reports personal fees from Westat, Inc., outside the submitted work.
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Parrish, Richard H., Lucy Gilak, Donna Bohannon, Steven P. Emrick, Brian Serumaga, and Roy Guharoy. "Minimizing Medication Errors from Electronic Prescription Transmission—Digitizing Compounded Drug Preparations." Pharmacy 7, no. 4 (November 7, 2019): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7040149.
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Lack of standardization related to compounded drug preparations, especially in the transition of care situations, threatens patient safety by facilitating medication error. This paper outlines progress to-date from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Expert Panel on the Exchange of Compounded Drug Preparation Information in Health IT Systems. The work plan developed for the group is focused on proposing a set of encoding rules that would govern how compounded nonsterile drug preparations (CNSPs) are digitized and exchanged, including patient electronic health records (EHR), pharmacy systems, e-prescribing (eRx), and other Health IT (HIT) systems to ensure a seamless compounding process tailored to the needs of an individual patient. Included in this work are identifying authorized compounding monographs, surveying provider and end-user groups for information about data specificity during e-prescribing, and generating guidelines for the development of a compatible data model for clinical formulation identifiers (CF-IDs). This paper will also discuss how evolving nomenclature standards for CNSPs within HIT systems are part of a quality assurance system for comprehensive medication management (CMM) in children, thereby minimizing medication errors across the continuum of care. Finally, a network approach for the design of medication management systems for children and their families/caregivers is proposed.
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Noerlina, Noerlina. "RANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI RUMAH SAKIT SUBSISTEM: PENGELOLAAN INVENTORY DAN TRANSAKSI OBAT." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 3, no. 1 (May 30, 2009): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v3i1.507.
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Hospitals have always manage their supplies used during their operational activities. However, hospitals still have difficulties in raising performance of supply management to optimum standards. This occurs because hospitals still implement a manual supply recording system therefore causing supply information needed to analyse supply management to be inaccurate, time consuming, and thus bigger costs.The purpose of this study is to conduct analysis of the the current hospital inventory system and design an inventory information system. Methods used are bibliography study, analysis method and design method. Analysis method is used to formulate the hospital’s problems. Design method is used to design a new system to solve the said problems in the hospital. The aims to be achieved are reports corresponding with inventory management and medicine transaction and interface that can be used to manage the inventory and medicine transaction. Conclusion is that the new system is expected to facilitate the related party in managing inventory and medicine transaction, and also producing accurate reports.Keywords: design, inventory, pharmacy, hospital information systems
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Ghandforoush, Parviz. "Optimal allocation of time in a hospital pharmacy using goal programming." European Journal of Operational Research 70, no. 2 (October 1993): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(93)90038-o.
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Gizaw, Tizita, Mengistu Bogale, and Tilahun Alemayehu. "Evaluation of the electronic health record system in maternal and child health centers of Marie Stopes International Ethiopia." Gates Open Research 3 (November 7, 2019): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13001.1.
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Background: The Health Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) defines an Electronic Health Record (EHR) as a longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting”. EHR systems improve quality and adaptability of care, contributing to patient safety. The system is also efficient and provides real-time administration to patients. Driven by the need to facilitate clinical and administrative process, and to reduce medical errors, Marie Stopes international Ethiopia (MSIE) implemented EHR system in its maternal and child health (MCH) centers. This study sought to evaluate the EHR system in six departments (inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy, laboratory, reception cashiers and MCH managers) of these MCH centers in terms of ease of performing tasks and satisfaction with the system. Methods: A cross-sectional method with formative evaluation was used to address the objective. A sample size of 54 were used for the investigation. The participants were from six departments (inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy, laboratory, reception cashiers and MCH managers) within three MCH centers. Data was collected using structured, self-administered questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: In total, 83% of respondents found that performing tasks using EHR made tasks easier; the lowest score was from Pharmacy department (48%). The overall satisfaction with EHR was 87%. The lowest score is from the indicator “the system meets my needs” (80%). Conclusions: Staffs in all department reported the EHR system as “very good” for both ease of performing their daily tasks and satisfaction with the system. In addition, the study revealed that ease of performing tasks and satisfaction with the system were varied by department and specific task within the department. It is essential to know the needs and requirements of each department before implementation of the system and user feedback for long lasting uptake and impact.
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Aluga, David, Lawrence A. Nnyanzi, Nicola King, Elvis A. Okolie, and Peter Raby. "Effect of Electronic Prescribing Compared to Paper-Based (Handwritten) Prescribing on Primary Medication Adherence in an Outpatient Setting: A Systematic Review." Applied Clinical Informatics 12, no. 04 (August 2021): 845–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735182.
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Abstract Background Electronic prescriptions are often created and delivered electronically to the pharmacy while paper-based/handwritten prescriptions may be delivered to the pharmacy by the patients. These differences in the mode of creation and transmission of the two types of prescription could influence the rate at which outpatients fill new prescriptions of previously untried medications. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate literatures to determine the impact of electronic prescribing compared with paper-based/handwritten prescribing on primary medication adherence in an outpatient setting. Methods The keywords and phrases “outpatients,” “e-prescriptions,” “paper-based prescriptions,” and “primary medication adherence” were combined with their relevant synonyms and medical subject headings. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on EMBASE, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases, and Google Scholar. The results of the search were screened and selected using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used for quality appraisal of included studies. Data relevant to the objective of the review were extracted and analyzed through narrative synthesis. Results A total of 10 original studies were included in the final review, including 1 prospective randomized study and 9 observational studies. Nine of the 10 studies were performed in the United States. Four of the studies indicated that electronic prescribing significantly increases initial medication adherence, while four of the studies suggested the opposite. The remaining two studies found no significant difference in primary medication adherence between the two methods of prescribing. The variations in the studies did not allow the homogeneity required for meta-analysis to be achieved. Conclusion The conflicting findings relating to the efficacy of primary medication adherence across both systems demonstrate the need for a standardized measure of medication adherence. This would help further determine the respective benefits of both approaches. Future research should also be conducted in different countries to give a more accurate representation of adherence.
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Rauzina, S. E., V. A. Shelgunov, and T. V. Zarubina. "PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE ELECTRONIC PRESCRIBTION SYSTEM IN RUSSIA. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Social Aspects of Population Health 66, no. 5 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2020-66-5-8.
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Development and implementation of the electronic prescription system is one of the priority areas of eHealth which fulfils a number of functions from prescribing medicines to comprehensive analysis of information and support for medical and management decisions. The current Russian legal framework legitimizes a doctor's prescription in the form of an electronic document. However, there is no definition of the following concepts in the legal acts: “Electronic prescription” and “Electronic prescription system”. The subject of the study is information space in the field of electronic prescription. The purpose is to study the Russian and foreign experience in its implementation, problems and prospects for its introduction at the national and cross-border level on the basis of descriptive and analytical methods. Analysis of the situation in the developed countries shows that currently most of the countries have implemented the electronic prescription system which involves physicians, pharmacists, regulatory organizations, insurance companies, and patients. This system ensures rapid interaction between all parties, lower medical errors, monitoring of medicines’ use, information analysis, and enables the patient to see the prescribed and provided medicines. Large-scale European eHealth projects of the last decade have initiated the exchange of digital prescriptions at the cross-border level, when a patient can get medicines from a pharmacy in the country of temporal residence with a prescription issued in the country of permanent resistance. Information support for the processes of prescribing and dispensing medicines in different regions of the Russian Federation is uneven, from its almost complete absence to full-fledged information systems close to the best analogues in the developed countries by functionality. Specific features of implementing the electronic prescription system in Russia are related to the obligatory registration of information related to supply of medicines to benefit recipients, involvement into circulation of medicines of systems and subsystems of various organizations: registration, keeping the state register of medicines, monitoring of medicine movement, monitoring of procurement, prescription and write off in health care facilities, dispensing within the pharmacy network, circulation of medicines and medical devices of the Eurasian Economic Union countries. It is impossible to develop a full-fledged system of electronic prescription in the Russian Federation without consolidated efforts of all parties, legislative consolidation of basic concepts, a unified information space, and standard data management approaches. Keywords: eHealth; electronic prescription (e-prescription); electronic prescription system; system of electronic drug prescription; medical information system; information system of drug provision to benefit recipients; information support for prescription.
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Kusuma, Ardi, and Garuda Ginting. "Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Apoteker Terbaik Pada PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk Medan Menerapkan Metode Vikor." Jurnal Sistem Komputer dan Informatika (JSON) 1, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/json.v1i3.2163.
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Pharmacists are professional workers who have basic education and skills in the field of pharmacy and are given the authority and responsibility to carry out pharmaceutical work. In the pharmaceutical industry, both those that have been operating and are about to be established, there must be at least 3 (three) Indonesian pharmacists. Decision Support System (SPK) has the aim of providing predictions, providing information and directing information users to be able to make decisions more effectively. Decision Support System (SPK) applications use a flexible, interactive and adaptable CBIS (Computer Based Information System) that was developed to support solutions to specific unstructured management problems. The VIKOR method is used to overcome the problem of complex multi-criteria systems that focus on ranking and selection of alternatives. The first proposed procedure calculates the ideal and negative solutions by considering the criteria and weights of each alternative, and the corresponding utility.
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Suryagama, Digdo, Satibi Satibi, and Sumarni Sumarni. "Analisis Perencanaan dan Ketersediaan Obat di Kabupaten dan Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur." JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.44444.
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The problem of drug availability always occurs in District/Municipality every year. Research related to drug management, especially those related to the evaluation of drug availability and the value of damaged/expired drugs, has been carried out in the last ten years. Almost all the research found problems with the availability of the drugs. The Director General of Pharmacy and Medical Devices reported that the percentage of the availability of National Medicines in East Java in 2017 had reached 96.55%, but had not yet described the condition of the availability of medicines in real terms because the calculation did not use data on drug quantity. This study aims to explain the real conditions for the availability of 17 items of national indicator drugs in East Java in 2017, as well as identify problems and information about management that has been running in 2017. This research is an observational research that is descriptive quantitative. The research instrument was in the form of data collection sheets for the availability of 17 drug items in 2017 and interview guidelines. The results showed that the availability of drugs was in excess conditions with an average of 22.5 months. Drug programs held directly by the Central Government often experience excess inventory at the Regency/City Pharmacy Department level but the average percentage of drugs damaged/expired is still in a fairly good range (0-3%). It can be concluded that the availability of drugs in East Java Province in 2017 is influenced by the planning system, procurement system, availability of drugs at the provider level (supply), availability of management information systems and respective regional policies.
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Chen, Yong, Marko Zivkovic, Su Su, Jianyi Lee, Edward Bortnichak, and Tongtong Wang. "A Systematic Review of Coding Systems Used in Pharmacoepidemiology and Database Research." Methods of Information in Medicine 57, no. 01/02 (February 2018): 01–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me17-05-0006.
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Summary Background: Clinical coding systems have been developed to translate real-world healthcare information such as prescriptions, diagnoses and procedures into standardized codes appropriate for use in large healthcare datasets. Due to the lack of information on coding system characteristics and insufficient uniformity in coding practices, there is a growing need for better understanding of coding systems and their use in pharmacoepidemiology and observational real world data research. Objectives: To determine: 1) the number of available coding systems and their characteristics, 2) which pharmacoepidemiology databases are they adopted in, 3) what outcomes and exposures can be identified from each coding system, and 4) how robust they are with respect to consistency and validity in pharmacoepidemiology and observational database studies. Methods: Electronic literature database and unpublished literature searches, as well as hand searching of relevant journals were conducted to identify eligible articles discussing characteristics and applications of coding systems in use and published in the English language between 1986 and 2016. Characteristics considered included type of information captured by codes, clinical setting(s) of use, adoption by a pharmacoepidemiology database, region, and available mappings. Applications articles describing the use and validity of specific codes, code lists, or algorithms were also included. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers and a narrative synthesis was performed. Results: A total of 897 unique articles and 57 coding systems were identified, 17% of which included country-specific modifications or multiple versions. Procedures (55%), diagnoses (36%), drugs (38%), and site of disease (39%) were most commonly and directly captured by these coding systems. The systems were used to capture information from the following clinical settings: inpatient (63%), ambulatory (55%), emergency department (ED, 34%), and pharmacy (13%). More than half of all coding systems were used in Europe (59%) and North America (57%). 34% of the reviewed coding systems were utilized in at least 1 of the 16 pharmacoepidemiology databases of interest evaluated. 21% of coding systems had studies evaluating the validity and consistency of their use in research within pharmacoepidemiology databases of interest. The most prevalent validation method was comparison with a review of patient charts, case notes or medical records (64% of reviewed validation studies). The reported performance measures in the reviewed studies varied across a large range of values (PPV 0-100%, NPV 6-100%, sensitivity 0-100%, specificity 23-100% and accuracy 16-100%) and were dependent on many factors including coding system(s), therapeutic area, pharmacoepidemiology database, and outcome. Conclusions: Coding systems vary by type of information captured, clinical setting, and pharmacoepidemiology database and region of use. Of the 57 reviewed coding systems, few are routinely and widely applied in pharmacoepidemiology database research. Indication and outcome dependent heterogeneity in coding system performance suggest that accurate definitions and algorithms for capturing specific exposures and outcomes within large healthcare datasets should be developed on a case-by-case basis and in consultation with clinical experts.
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Testman, Julie A., Anne E. Teichman, Stephen J. Cook, Angel Kimble, Brittany L. Riley, Jessica Robinson, and Brittany Snodgrass. "Pharmacist interventions throughout care transitions: a review of current practices." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2, no. 10 (September 14, 2013): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i10.16409.
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Transitions of care occur each time a patient moves from one healthcare provider or care setting to another. Challenges that have been identified include: failure of the patient to keep appointments for outpatient chronic care; inability for smooth transfer of information between various healthcare providers; and failure to find appropriate placement for patients who can no longer manage independent living. As pharmacists representing an array of practice settings, these authors here present the models of contributions made by pharmacy services within such multifaceted approaches. An initial literature search was conducted using the National Library of Medicine via PubMed. Studies conducted in the United States that included at least one pharmacy service within the methods of intervention were selected for review. Where there are published findings from each setting, we include the measured impact, if reported. Although pharmacists represent the most skilled healthcare professionals in medication reconciliation and management, the best processes for tapping that expertise have yet to be fully elucidated. We present this review of current practices with the continued hope that the pharmacy profession will, not only continue to be the quiet patient advocate for best medication use, but also to open our minds to the need to measure, adjust, and measure again, the systems and processes we use to best integrate our knowledge for the overall benefit of the patient.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i10.16409 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, September 2013, 2(10): 159-164
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Jacobs, Sally, Fay Bradley, Rebecca Elvey, Tom Fegan, Devina Halsall, Mark Hann, Karen Hassell, Andrew Wagner, and Ellen Schafheutle. "Investigating the organisational factors associated with variation in clinical productivity in community pharmacies: a mixed-methods study." Health Services and Delivery Research 5, no. 27 (October 2017): 1–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr05270.
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Background Community pharmacies play a key role in health-care systems, dispensing prescriptions and providing medicine-related services. Service provision varies across community pharmacy organisations and may depend on organisational characteristics, such as ownership, staffing and skill mix. Objectives To inform the commissioning of community pharmacy services by (1) exploring variation in clinical productivity (levels of service delivery and service quality) in pharmacies, (2) identifying the organisational factors associated with this variation and (3) developing a toolkit for commissioners. Design Mixed-methods study: community pharmacy survey, administrative data analysis, patient survey, stakeholder interviews and toolkit development. Setting Nine socioeconomically diverse geographical areas of England. Participants Stage 1: community pharmacies in nine study areas. Stage 2: in 39 pharmacies, two consecutive samples of approximately 30 patients each following receipt of (1) dispensing and (2) medicines use review (MUR) services. Pharmacy and commissioning representatives from across all types of pharmacy and study sites. Main outcome measures Stage 1: dispensing, MUR, new medicines service volume and safety climate. Stage 2: patient satisfaction, Satisfaction with Information about Medicines Scale (SIMS) and Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Data sources Stage 1: (i) community pharmacy activity data; (ii) socioeconomic and health needs data; and (iii) community pharmacy questionnaire (ownership type, organisational culture, staffing and skill mix, working patterns, management structure, safety climate, pharmacy–general practice integration), all linked by pharmacy postcode and organisational ‘F’ code. Stage 2: (i) patient questionnaire (background, patient satisfaction, SIMS, MARS); (ii) semistructured stakeholder interviews (variation in quantity and quality of service provision, opportunities and barriers to clinical productivity, mechanisms by which different organisational characteristics may help or hinder clinical productivity). Quantitative data were analysed by fitting a series of fixed-effects linear, logistic and multilevel logistic regression models in Stata® (version 13; StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA). Qualitative data were analysed thematically using a framework approach in NVivo10 (QSR International, Warrington, UK). Results In stage 1, 285 out of 817 pharmacy questionnaires were returned [valid response rate 34.6% (277/800)]. In stage 2, 1008 out of 2124 patient questionnaires were returned [valid response rate 46.5% (971/2087)]. Thirty pharmacy and 10 commissioning representatives were interviewed face to face or by telephone. Following integration of stage 1 and 2 findings, clinical productivity was associated with pharmacy ownership type, organisational culture, staffing and skill mix, and pharmacy–general practice relationships. Extra-organisational associations included local area deprivation, age profile and health needs, pharmacy location, public perceptions and expectations, supply chain problems, commissioning structures/processes, levels of remuneration and legal/regulatory constraints. Existing arrangements for monitoring clinical productivity focused primarily on quantity. Limitations Non-random selection of study sites and non-participation by four major pharmacy chains limited generalisability. Investigation of the full scope of pharmacy service provision was prevented by a lack of available activity data for locally commissioned services. Quantitative exploration of service quality was limited by available validated measures. Conclusions These findings have important implications for community pharmacies and service commissioners, highlighting the importance of ownership type, organisational culture, staffing and skill mix for maximising the delivery of high-quality pharmacy services and informing the development of a commissioners’ toolkit. Future work Future studies should (1) develop tools to measure community pharmacy service quality; (2) describe and evaluate different models of skill mix; and (3) explore how services are commissioned locally from community pharmacies and the extent to which local needs are met. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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de Zegher, I., A. Venot, B. Séné, P. Pietri, B. Dahlberg, and C. Milstein. "Modeling Drug Information for a Prescription – Oriented Knowledge Base on Drugs." Methods of Information in Medicine 34, no. 04 (July 1995): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634615.
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Abstract:There exists little theoretical analysis how to represent knowledge on drugs required for computerized drug-prescription applications. A work package drug information modeling is described which was part of the European GPADE project. We describe the content and structure of a Drug Knowledge Base (DKB) designed to meet the requirements of decision-support systems in the domain of drug therapy, and to facilitate data transfer from various information sources. The definition of the DKB content is derived from the analysis of information requirements at the various stages of the process of the clinical usage of drugs (prescribing, administration, and follow-up). The DKB structure results from the classification of the various data items along two dimensions: (1) entities in the pharmaco-therapeutic domain for which information must be defined (the Pharmaco-Therapeutic Group, the Component, the Manufactured Preparation, and the Presentation), and (2) the validity score of the pharmaco-therapeutic information (international, national, or local).