Academic literature on the topic 'Pharmacy – South Africa'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pharmacy – South Africa"
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Derman, WE. "Medication use by Team South Africa during the XXVIIIth Olympiad: A model for quantity estimation for multi-coded team events." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 20, no. 3 (October 5, 2008): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2008/v20i3a278.
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Objective. This descriptive study was undertaken to report the medications used by the athletes and officials of Team South Africa at the 2004 Olympic Games and to provide a model for the estimation of quantities to be used for planning support to future events. Setting. South African medical facility, 2004 Olympic Games, Athens, Greece. Methods. The names of the medications, including the dosage and quantity of medications dispensed, were recorded in the pharmacy stock control book at the South African medical facility, 2004 Olympic Games, Athens, Greece. Retrospective review of patient files and medical encounter forms was also undertaken to check against the pharmacy stock control book to ensure complete data capture of dispensed medications. Main outcome measures. Quantities of medications consumed during the observation period. The units of medication consumed per travelling team member were calculated by dividing the number of units (tablets, capsules, tubes, inhalers, bottles and ampoules) used during the trip by the total number of travelling team members. Results. Complete records of medications included in the travelling pharmacy are described. Quantities of medications included ranged from single units to 2 250 units and percentage use of various medications varied from 0% to 100% of stocks. Units per team member ranged from 0 to 9.43. Medications were consumed from all categories of agents. The most utilised agents included the analgesics, musculoskeletal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents as well as certain vitamin and mineral supplements. Conclusions. This study describes the consumption of pharmacological agents by the athletes and officials of Team South Africa during the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. It also provides a model to assist with the estimation of quantities of medications to be included in the travelling pharmacy for future international multicoded sports events. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 20 (3) 2008: pp. 78-84
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Derman, WE. "Medication use by Team South Africa during the XXVIIIth Olympiad: A model for quantity estimation for multi-coded team events." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 20, no. 3 (February 5, 2009): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2008/v20i3a278.
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Objective. This descriptive study was undertaken to report the medications used by the athletes and officials of Team South Africa at the 2004 Olympic Games and to provide a model for the estimation of quantities to be used for planning support to future events. Setting. South African medical facility, 2004 Olympic Games, Athens, Greece. Methods. The names of the medications, including the dosage and quantity of medications dispensed, were recorded in the pharmacy stock control book at the South African medical facility, 2004 Olympic Games, Athens, Greece. Retrospective review of patient files and medical encounter forms was also undertaken to check against the pharmacy stock control book to ensure complete data capture of dispensed medications. Main outcome measures. Quantities of medications consumed during the observation period. The units of medication consumed per travelling team member were calculated by dividing the number of units (tablets, capsules, tubes, inhalers, bottles and ampoules) used during the trip by the total number of travelling team members. Results. Complete records of medications included in the travelling pharmacy are described. Quantities of medications included ranged from single units to 2 250 units and percentage use of various medications varied from 0% to 100% of stocks. Units per team member ranged from 0 to 9.43. Medications were consumed from all categories of agents. The most utilised agents included the analgesics, musculoskeletal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents as well as certain vitamin and mineral supplements. Conclusions. This study describes the consumption of pharmacological agents by the athletes and officials of Team South Africa during the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. It also provides a model to assist with the estimation of quantities of medications to be included in the travelling pharmacy for future international multicoded sports events. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 20 (3) 2008: pp. 78-84
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Burton, Sue, Shirley-Anne Boschmans, and Chris Hoelson. "Self-Perceived Professional Identity of Pharmacy Educators in South Africa." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 77, no. 10 (December 16, 2013): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7710210.
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Wong, Anabelle, Kevin K. C. Hung, Mzwandile Mabhala, Justin W. Tenney, and Colin A. Graham. "Filling the Gaps in the Pharmacy Workforce in Post-Conflict Areas: Experience from Four Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 8132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158132.
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Background: While the pharmacy workforce is the third largest professional healthcare group worldwide, the pharmacy workforce landscape remains unclear in post-conflict areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Method: Key informants were selected for semi-structured interviews due to their role in providing pharmacy services in the selected country: the Central African Republic (CAR), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, and South Sudan. Transcripts from the interviews were anonymized, coded, and analyzed. Results: Nine participants were recruited (CAR: 2; DRC: 2; Ethiopia: 2; South Sudan: 3), and all except two were pharmacists. Conflict-specific challenges in pharmacy service delivery were identified as the following: unpredictable health needs and/or mismatched pharmaceutical supply, transport difficulties due to insecure roads, and shortage of pharmacy workforce due to brain drain or interrupted schooling. Barriers to health workforce retention and growth were identified to be brain drain as a result of suboptimal living and working conditions or remuneration, the perception of an unsafe work environment, and a career pathway or commitment duration that does not fit the diaspora or expatriate staff. Conclusion: To tackle the barriers of pharmacy health workforce retention and growth, policy solutions will be required and efforts that can bring about long-term improvement should be prioritized. This is essential to achieve universal health coverage and the targets of the sustainable development goals for conflict affected areas, as well as to “leave no one behind”.
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Burger, Marisa, Jaco Fourie, Devin Loots, Tercia Mnisi, Natalie Schellack, Selente Bezuidenhout, and Johanna C. Meyer. "Knowledge and perceptions of antimicrobial stewardship concepts among final year pharmacy students in pharmacy schools across South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, no. 3 (October 1, 2016): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v31i3.83.
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Background: Antimicrobial stewardship is currently not mandatory as part of the undergraduate training of pharmacists. Identifying gaps in knowledge and a better understanding of pharmacy students’ perceptions about antimicrobial stewardship could assist in recommendations for appropriate changes to the pharmacy degree curricula that may lead to more appropriate use of antimicrobials, within the multi-disciplinary team.Methods: A descriptive quantitative study with a survey design was conducted at the eight universities offering the pharmacy degree in South Africa. An electronic questionnaire with four main categories on antimicrobial stewardship was administered to final (fourth) year pharmacy students (June–August 2015).Results: An overall response rate of 26.6% (n = 260) was obtained from 978 students, despite a weekly reminder. Most of the respondents were familiar with antimicrobial stewardship programmes in South Africa (71.9%), and claimed to know what antimicrobial stewardship is (83.5%) with significant differences between the universities (p 0.001). Only 37.7% of the respondents recalled having had formal training on antimicrobial stewardship, with responses from the eight universities differing significantly (p 0.001). However, almost all respondents (98.5%) felt that a strong knowledge of antimicrobials was important for their future career, with 90.0% indicating that they would like more training on antimicrobial stewardship at undergraduate level.Conclusion: There were significant differences between the eight universities with regards to undergraduate education on antimicrobial stewardship. In order to help prevent antimicrobial resistance, efforts should be made to introduce concepts of antimicrobial stewardship into the undergraduate pharmacy curricula to promote better use of antimicrobials and prevent antimicrobial resistance.
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Tandlich, Roman, Nosiphiwe P. Ngqwala, Aileen Boshoff, Phindile Madikizela, C. Sunitha Srinivas, Desmond M. Pyle, and Rene Oosthuizen. "Challenges and Curriculum Transformation in the Higher Education Sector in South Africa: A Case Study in WASH to Improve the Training of Pharmacists." Acta Educationis Generalis 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2018-0001.
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AbstractIntroduction: South Africa is a member state of the “BRICS” bloc (BRICS2017.org, 2017) and the G20 group of the 20 nations/economic blocs, which between them account for the majority of the world’s trade and economic activity. It faces many developmental challenges which are mirrored in its higher education sector. In this article, the authors seek to provide an overview of the challenges that South African higher education faces in the achievement of the developmental goals of the country. The focus of this paper is a case study in WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) to improve context-specific responses that trains pharmacists on knowledge and skills.Methods: The study was performed as a combination of calculations and a literature review to obtain the background or current status of the higher education sector and developmental planning in South Africa. For this, data were extracted from the Statistics South Africa reports, relevant professional articles on South African higher education sector and results of postgraduate research. Workshop results which were obtained as a collaboration between a public and a private higher education institution and results of postgraduate research were used as the paradigm for transformation and decolonisation of the curriculum for a professional degree in South Africa.Results and discussion: Challenges exist in the South African tertiary education sector and the graduation rate currently stands at 65.1% of the target set by the National Development Plan. Around 58.1% of all students do not complete their university/post-secondary education, which could provide a partial explanation for the skills shortage in South Africa. Decolonisation and transformation of the tertiary education curriculum are major topics in the discourse on higher education in South Africa. The authors propose that one way to achieve this would be inclusion of research results and group activities in the area of water, sanitation and hygiene as a topic for possible and partial transformation of the Bachelor of Pharmacy curriculum.Conclusions: The current article summarises some of topics and challenges that drive the current discourse, developmental and curriculum debate in higher education in South Africa. Student access and through put at tertiary institutions need to be improved and the curriculum needs to be transformed.
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Schellack, N., E. Bronkhorst, R. Coetzee, B. Godman, A. G. S. Gous, S. Kolman, Q. Labuschagne, et al. "SASOCP position statement on the pharmacist’s role in antibiotic stewardship 2018." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 33, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v33i1.24.
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Antibiotics are the most commonly prescribed medicines in global healthcare practice today. Their effectiveness is crucial and often life-saving in humanity’s battle against pathogens and infectious diseases. Antibiotic/antimicrobial stewardship strategies and programmes have become vital to the preservation of effective antibiotics and the optimisation of their use. The South African Society of Clinical Pharmacy (SASOCP) has written this guideline to outline the importance, role and purpose of pharmacists in such stewardship programmes, both in the public, as well as the private hospital sectors in South Africa. It also provides an overview of various approaches to antibiotic preservation, behavioural change, stewardship measures, and monitoring strategies.
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Leng, Henry MJ, Khamusi Mutoti, and Nontombe Mbelle. "Regulatory requirements for the development and registration of biosimilars in South Africa." Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5639/gabij.2015.0403.033.
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Burger, Marisa, Jaco Fourie, Devin Loots, Tercia Mnisi, Natalie Schellack, Selente Bezuidenhout, and Johanna C. Meyer. "Knowledge and perceptions of antimicrobial stewardship concepts among final year pharmacy students in pharmacy schools across South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, no. 3 (June 17, 2016): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23120053.2016.1192808.
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Baksh, Mohammed A., Velisha A. Perumal-Pillay, and Frasia Oosthuizen. "An Investigation Into the Knowledge of South African Pharmacists on the Identification and Management of Drug-Drug Interactions." Global Journal of Health Science 11, no. 12 (October 15, 2019): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n12p146.
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BACKGROUND: Detecting and reporting drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is an important role of pharmacists. Standard operating procedures (SOPs), that can be used to manage DDIs is not a requirement at pharmacies in South Africa. SOPs create standardized methods of identifying and reporting DDIs.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of South African pharmacists on the identification and management of DDIs as well as the availability and use of SOPs in the detection and management of DDIs.
METHODS: A quantitative approach was used targeting registered pharmacists from two provinces in South Africa, namely Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal. 153 responses were received after mailing the questionnaire to 200 pharmacists (76.5% response rate). Data was analysed by using Microsoft Excel® and SPSS® (version 23.0).
RESULTS: The majority (93.5%) of respondents were able to correctly define. Forty-four percent of respondents were aware of the existence of SOPs in their respective pharmacies. The majority of the respondents (80.4%) were of the opinion that having SOPs in place for the management of DDIs benefit the identification of these in the pharmacy environment. The findings indicated that availability and access of SOPs are the same across all sectors of pharmacy.
CONCLUSION: The results show that the majority of participants have a sound knowledge regarding DDIs as well as the importance of reporting them should such events occur. While most pharmacists were not aware of SOPs in their pharmacies, they regarded this as beneficial.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pharmacy – South Africa"
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Allan, Lucie. "Competing interests and change within the pharmacy education system in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003219.
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This thesis provides a historical account of the emergence of the pharmacy education system in South Africa, and an analysis of the influence of competing interest groups over the pharmacy education curriculum. It provides a critical evaluation of structural-consensus and micro-interpretive approaches to medical and pharmacy education, and sets out a macrointerpretive account of pharmacy education in South Africa. Following Margaret Archer (1979) it analyzes three forms of negotiation between competing interest groups in their efforts to change the pharmacy curriculum; these are political manipulation, external transaction and internal initiation. The thesis argues that whilst the private sector interest group (comprising of retail, wholesale and manufacturing pharmacy) dominated the pharmacy education system until 1994, since then a newly emerged government interest group has begun to compete for educational control. The priorities pursued by this interest group have consistently reflected the objectives set out in the ANC National Health Plan of 1994. The thesis maintains that given its frustration over the non-implementation of the ANC’s health policy objectives, the government interest group is likely to resort to direct political manipulation by passing legislation to alter the content of the current pharmacy curriculum. Such changes would seek to ensure that the syllabus more accurately reflects the ANC Plan’s community health and primary health care objectives. The thesis asserts that such an outcome (of direct political manipulation of the curriculum) is not inevitable, and can be avoided through a process of internally initiated change. It presents the findings of an interpretive case study into how the Rhodes University Community Experience Programme (CEP) influenced final year pharmacy students’ perceptions of the role of the pharmacist. The students’ comments were collected by means of focus group interviews, participant observation and documentary analysis. Whilst the CEP did not successfully transform their concept of the pharmacist’s role, it did succeed in influencing students’ understanding of the notions of community pharmacy and primary health care in line with the government interest group’s health objectives. This thesis concludes that internally initiated change within the pharmacy education system, would be preferable to that imposed through external political manipulation, as such change would be more likely to preserve the independent professional interests of pharmacy academics.
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Mapi, Thandeka Priscilla. "Incorporating indigenous knowledge in the teaching of isiXhosa to pharmacy students at Rhodes University." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007469.
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Traditional healing is one of the most trusted methods of healing in South Africa, especially in rural areas, where health-care infrastructure is inadequate. People have depended on this method of healing since time immemorial. That belief has been strengthened by the fact that this method keeps people in touch with their ancestors. Traditional healers are trusted and believed to be the link between people and their ancestors. The Dwesa community is amongst the areas that still have strong belief in traditional healing. Traditional healers have a variety of methods of healing that they use, these methods have been trusted for people of all age groups. These methods are ukugabha, ukufutha and ukucima. Traditional healers prescribe them for both major and minor illnesses. They are believed to play a role in cleansing people from inside and outside. These methods together with other methods that are used in traditional healing are being explored in this study. This exploration is based on the fact that this information will be integrated into the teaching of isiXhosa to Pharmacy students at Rhodes University. This is an initiative to create awareness amongst health-care practitioners about traditional healing methods, so that they can caution and advise their patients about medicine taking behaviours, also to make them approach the subject in a sensitive manner. An isiXhosa course has been taught to Pharmacy students, as a pilot in 2007 and as an elective in 2008 onwards. This course deals with cultural issues in a broad manner, the issue of traditional healing specifically, and these methods of healing are outlined in the course, such that students have an understanding first of what a traditional healer is and their role in providing health-care services.
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Smith, Robert Mark Houston. "South African community pharmacists’ self-perception of their professional identity and job satisfaction." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20637.
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The role of the community pharmacist has changed over the past two decades. The traditional specialist roles of pharmacists, such as compounding and preparation of medications, are now infrequent activities and the profession has moved to a more patient-centred focus. Furthermore, pharmaceutical care has been developed and adopted as a practice philosophy to add value and bring care for patients back into the profession. However, there is still much debate in academic and policy literature concerning the reluctance of community pharmacists to adopt and implement pharmaceutical care in practice environments. Empirical evidence has suggested that the professional identity of pharmacists is both ambiguous and multifaceted. However, the practice of pharmaceutical care has been demonstrated to increase organisational identity of pharmacists, as well as their job satisfaction. In addition, pharmacists in a clinical role have been shown to have higher levels of job satisfaction than their counterparts in nonclinical roles. This study has identified, described and analysed the self-perceived professional identities of community pharmacists within a South African context. Furthermore, it sought to determine their current levels of job satisfaction. The relationships between professional identity, job satisfaction and role were analysed in an attempt to understand the influence of professional identity on job satisfaction and behaviour of pharmacists. This study made use of a mixed method of inquiry, online questionnaire, administered to a large sample, which allowed the researcher to take a broad view of the research foci at a specific moment in time. This study found the existence of six professional identities amongst South African Community Pharmacists; namely the practitioner, the jaded pharmacist, the social carer, the professional, the medicine supplier and the entrepreneur. South African community pharmacists were, generally, satisfied with their jobs, professed to practice pharmaceutical care and adopted it as a practice philosophy. South African Community pharmacists were, in general, committed to their profession. Correlation between a pharmacist’s professional identity and their job title, job satisfaction and their commitment were found to be statistically significant. A pharmacist’s level of job satisfaction was statistically correlated to their practice of pharmaceutical care. No statistically significant relationship was found to exist between a pharmacist’s identity and their work load or tasks performed. Characterising South African community pharmacists’ identities is of great significance in an effort to better understand the forces that drive our profession of pharmacy. In doing so, have found that identity affects many elements of work life such as job satisfaction, professional commitment and the practice of patient care.
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McCartney, Jane Alison. "Experiential learning in an undergraduate BPHARM programme: impact of an intervention on academic achievement." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19037.
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The extended role of today’s pharmacist with the emphasis on patient-focused care has highlighted the need for increased exposure of undergraduate pharmacy students to experiential learning in patient-centred environments, and additional skills development in therapeutics, problem solving and clinical decision making. At the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU), final year pharmacy students complete a university-coordinated, hospital-based, structured experiential learning programme (ELP) for the exit-level module, Pharmacology4. However, the students consistently experience difficulties in the application of pharmacological knowledge during the transition from lecture-based learning to the patient-focused clinical setting. The student population at the NMMU is diverse, with varied cultural, ethnic, language and secondary level education backgrounds, as well as different learning preferences and approaches. The extent to which these factors affect academic achievement in the experiential learning environment is unknown. Central research question The central research question for this study was therefore, “What would be the effect of an intervention aimed at supporting undergraduate pharmacy students during clinical placements, on academic achievement in, and student attitudes towards, experiential learning programmes (ELP)?” In order to explore the research question, several factors which may influence academic achievement in ELPs were investigated, namely: academic achievement (pre-university, in the BPharm programme and, in pharmacology); the admission route into the BPharm programme and the subsequent rate of academic progression; English reading comprehension ability; learning styles; problem solving ability; the extent to which students are prepared for application of knowledge in the ELP, in terms of assessment methods used prior to the final year and previous pharmacy work-based experience. In addition, the students’ lived experience of the ELP was explored, and the need for, and nature of, an intervention was determined. The research was based in a pragmatic paradigm, using an advanced mixed methods approach. An intervention-based, two-phase, quasi-experimental design was employed with an initial exploratory Preliminary Phase (in 2013) preceding the larger experimental framework (Phases One and Two, in 2014 and 2015 respectively). The research design was primarily quantitative, with pre- and post- testing conducted before and after the ELP. The ELP was completed by the comparator cohort in Phase One and the experimental cohort in Phase Two. Supplementary qualitative data was collected before, during and after the ELP. The intervention, in the form of supplementary academic support sessions, was developed from the qualitative data using an iterative approach, and implemented during the ELP in Phase Two. Attitudes and expectations of the students towards the hospital-based ELP were generally positive and realistic. Areas of concern included the difficulties experienced in the application and integration of pharmacological knowledge, both in the clinical setting and the clinical case study-based assessments; students feeling overwhelmed, inadequate and inferior in the clinical environment, compounded by an absence of clinical pharmacists as role models; and feeling unprepared for patient-focused care. The qualitative data strongly supported the need for supplementary academic support sessions. The intervention was developed and implemented in Phase Two, using patient case-based, active learning strategies. The majority of students (91.0%; n = 104) reported improved case analysis skills. A statistically significant (p = .030, Cohen’s d = 0.34) improvement was noted in the summative Pharmacology4 assessment marks obtained by the experimental cohort post-intervention, although of small practical significance. Predictors of academic achievement in the ELP were found to be language, specifically English reading comprehension skills, academic achievement in the BPharm programme and pharmacology, the university admission score, the rate of academic progression, and problem solving ability. Previous pharmacy-based work experience and assessment questions requiring application of knowledge were also found to influence achievement in the ELP. The need for an intervention in the form of supplementary academic support sessions was confirmed. The intervention was subsequently developed and successfully implemented, with student-reported self-perceived improvements in patient case analysis skills. These positive findings were supported by quantitative data which showed a statistically significant improvement in academic achievement in the ELP. Several predictors of academic achievement in the ELP were identified, and invaluable insight was gained into the nature of the difficulties experienced by pharmacy students in the transition from lecture-based learning to experiential learning in patient-focused environments.
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Keele, Mothobi Godfrey. "Availability of pharmacoeconomic data and its use in the development of drug formularies in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/685.
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In an attempt to manage scarce health care resources and keep drug expenditure low, health care administrators worldwide have to make careful considerations regarding the choice of drugs to be provided to patients within their systems. One of the key strategies that is being employed to achieve this goal is the use of formularies. A major challenge in the formulary development process is to use pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research effectively to arrive at formularies that simultaneously provide patients with effective pharmacotherapy whilst maintaining financial stability. The extent to which this can be successfully achieved depends to a large extent on the availability of appropriate pharmacoeconomic data. The primary objectives of this study were to describe the availability and quality of literature pertaining to South African based pharmacoeconomic research, and to establish the manner in and extent to which pharmacoeconomic data is used in drug formulary decision-making processes, in both the private and public health care sectors in South Africa. A structured bibliographic search for South African pharmacoeconomic studies was conducted and a qualitative assessment of the identified studies which met the predetermined inclusion criteria was completed, using a pre-validated quality evaluation tool. In order to determine the use of pharmacoeconomic data in the formulary decisionmaking processes, by various stake holders in both the public and private of health care sectors in South Africa, a cross-sectional, descriptive study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted. The results suggest that there is a limited availability of pharmacoeconomic research data in South Africa. Only 16 full pharmacoeconomic studies could be identified as having been published between 01 January 1995 and 30 June 2007. The quality of 3 of these studies was considered to be ‘dubious’, one study was found to be of high standard whilst the other 12 (74.95%) were of acceptable quality and thus could be considered as suitable to be used in formulary decision-making. The results of the national survey indicated that pharmacoeconomics is considered to be of importance and is used in formulary decision-making processes in both the public and private sectors. The primary source of pharmacoeconomic data used in formulary decisions appears to be international peer-reviewed publications. Of concern however, is the finding that this data, mostly from studies conducted outside of South Africa, is applied directly without sensitivity analysis or modelling. The results of the literature search and the subsequent quality appraisal suggest that pharmacoeconomic research and the use of pharmacoeconomic data in formulary decisions is at its infancy in South Africa. Thus efforts are needed to develop and grow the discipline of pharmacoeconomics in South Africa.
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Melamed, Graham Morrison. "Determining the essential traits for successful retail pharmacists in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage metropole." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22.
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The research problem addressed in this study was to determine whether successful retail pharmacists exhibited specific traits. To achieve this objective a theoretical schedule of traits was developed, using relevant literature in which traits of entrepreneurs are described. The theoretical list consisted of the possession of the following traits: The need to achieve; Confidence in their abilities; The successful management of risk; Creativity and the possession of vision; The tendency/ability to view changes as opportunities; Internal locus of control; Leadership; High level of motivation; Tenacity; Communication skills. Each trait of the schedule was analysed using the literature identified during the literature study. The theoretical list was then used to develop a questionnaire to test the degree to which retail pharmacists in the Greater Port Elizabeth/Uitenhage Metropole concur. The empirical results obtained indicate a strong concurrence with the theoretical list of traits of successful retail pharmacists that was developed in the study. This resulted in the theoretical schedule being confirmed and accepted as a list of traits possessed by successful retail pharmacists.
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Boca, Madalina Brindusa. "Research into process validation in pharmaceutical companies, with specific reference to Roche, South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10132009-181630/.
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Rabali, Ridovhusanae. "Availability of registered pharmaceutical structures in South Africa : 2003 until 2008 / Ridovhusanae Rabali." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4271.
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Despite the deteriorated state of health care in South Africa, the government remains
committed to realising the right of every citizen to access health care, including good, quality
and essential drugs. In recognising the availability of pharmaceutical facilities as a major
component of access to health care, and the previous imbalances in the distribution of
pharmaceutical structures and services, laws pertaining to the licensing and ownership of
pharmacies were amended and promulgated in 2003 to address the distribution problem. In
addition, regulations relating to a transparent priCing system on medicines and related
sUbstances were introduced in 2004. These, coupled with factors influencing the choice of a
pharmacy location, and the deficiencies in human resourges exercising an impact on both
pharmacy and other health care personnel, have influenced the distribution and availability
of pharmaceutical structures in South Africa from the year 2003 to 2008.
OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of this study was to investigate the availability and distribution of
pharmaceutical structures registered with the South African Pharmacy Council, in South
Africa, as of 2003 until 2008.
METHOD:
Data on the total number and geographical distribution of registered pharmaceutical
structures in South Africa were obtained from the South African Pharmacy Council's register
of pharmacies of August 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008. The registered
pharmaceutical structures were categorised according to their nature of services to the
patient into "direct service" and "indirect service" (support) pharmacies. Availability was
taken to refer to the actual presence of the pharmaceutical structures in relation to the
demand for the services and measured quantitatively using population: provider ratios. The
'population' for indirect service pharmacies was taken as the direct service pharmacies and,
the 'population' for direct seNice pharmacies was taken as the estimated population of the
different geographical regions.
RESULTS:
The results revealed a 12% increase in the total number of registered pharmaceutical
structures between the study years, to a total of 4227 pharmaceu'tical structures in 2008.
Gauteng was identified as the province with the highest number of registered pharmaceutical
structures, while the Northern Cape province contained the lowest number of registered
pharmaceutical structures throughout the entire study period. The percentage of
municipalities without any registered pharmaceutical structures decreased from 23% in 2003
to 19% in 2008.
The indirect seNice pharmacies constituted 14% of the total number of registered
pharmaceutical structures in South Africa. Most of these structures were situated in the
province of Gauteng throughout the study period. National availability of these structures
only improved for the manufacturing pharmacies.
The registered direct seNice pharmacies increased by 13.2% to total 3642 pharmacies in
2008. Approximately 20% of the municipalities in the country (respectively 5.5% of the
population) did not contain any registered direct seNice pharmacy in 2008. Most of these
municipalities were situated in the KwaZulu-Natal province. The province of Gauteng
contained the highest proportion (32%) of the direct seNice pharmaceutical structures. The
decrease in the pharmacy per population ratio of the structures from 1: 14 547 people in
2003 to 1: 13 615 people in 2008 indicated an improvement in the availability of the
structures. However, the improved availability did not take effect within each province as the
Northern Cape, Mpumalanga and Gauteng provinces experienced an increase in the
pharmacy per population ratio.
CONCLUSION:
The availability of registered pharmaceutical structures in South Africa improved between
2003 and 2008. However, the distribution of these structures remains geographically uneven
and inequitable to the population of the country.Thesis (M.Pharm. (Pharmacy Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Kubashe, Nomachina Theopatra. "The influence of corporatization on the professional identity of community pharmacists." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18189.
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As a potential main player in the primary health care sector and the impending National Health Insurance (NHI), community pharmacists could make a significant contribution to easing the health care burden in South Africa. Recent legislative and organizational changes related to the corporatization of pharmacy in South Africa have impacted significantly on the profession and stand to weaken the already ‘tenuous’ professional identity of pharmacists in the country. Since community pharmacists are viewed as potential main players in the primary health care sector, the influence of corporatization on pharmacists’ identities and their concomitant ability to contribute to easing the health care burden in South Africa need to be considered. In this regard, this study examined the influence that corporatization has had on the professional identity of community pharmacists practicing in the Nelson Mandela Bay area of South Africa. That is, in an effort to understand the influence that corporatization has had on changing professional identities and practices the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours of community pharmacists regarding the philosophy and practice of pharmacy were explored. This included ascertaining community pharmacists’ self-perception of their professional identity and the perception of users of these community pharmacies. The study was conducted from an interpretative epistemological paradigm, based on a philosophy of pragmatism. Data collection was conducted in two phases and a qualitative approach, which included in-depth and semi-structured interviews, was adopted as a design. Phase one investigated the self-perceptions of sixteen community pharmacists, equally distributed between independent and corporate pharmacies in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB). Phase two examined the perceptions of thirty-two end-users of the pharmacies included in the study. Data from both phases were then analysed and interpreted. Following the identification of seven core professional identities, namely pharmacists as custodian or keeper of medicines; primary health care givers; confidante and carer; jaded; astute and credible; corporate; and independent, it was determined that corporatization has, to various degrees, had an effect on the undermining of Nelson Mandela Bay community pharmacists’ view of themselves as skilled professionals in the health care sector. In short, it was found that corporatization is believed to have blurred the boundaries related to what it means to be a pharmacist and what role pharmacists should play in the provision of public health care. Corporatization does not appear to have influenced the patients’ or pharmacy end-users’ perceptions of the pharmacist, and furthermore does not play a major role in their choice of pharmacy. It is the perception of pharmacists in this study that with the introduction of legislative changes, more so corporatization, they experienced an undermining of their professional skill and disregard for costs involved in becoming a pharmacist. The perceived undermining of the professional skill of pharmacists threatens the valuable contribution that community pharmacists can make to balancing the country’s socio-economic status by appropriately and efficiently assisting in preventing, managing and/or reducing the disease burden in South Africa. Corporatization of the community pharmacy sector seems to have realized the government’s intention of making medication affordable to its citizens, however, the certainty of whether corporatization benefits patients that are in need of access remains to be seen. Community pharmacists could in fact, capitalize on the identification and enactment of their clinical skill (pharmaceutical and social caregiving) as this skill appears to be a tool that will allow pharmacists meaningful transition to being real contributors of primary health care in the imminent introduction of the NHI. At the same time, recognition of the role a pharmacist plays in primary health care will be supporting the government in its endeavours to making medicine accessible and affordable to all South African citizens without compromising their health needs. Ultimately, pharmacists can assist in the balancing and/or improvement of the socio-economic status of our society and the country.
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Oltmann, Carmen. "A critical realist account of a mentoring programme in the Faculty of Pharmacy at Rhodes University." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1718/.
Full textBooks on the topic "Pharmacy – South Africa"
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Ryan, Mike. A history of organised pharmacy in South Africa, 1885-1950. [Cape Town?]: Society for the History of Pharmacy in South Africa, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pharmacy – South Africa"
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Mbali, Mandisa. "‘Pharma’ v Mandela: South African Moral Capital in a Global Movement, 1998–2001." In South African AIDS Activism and Global Health Politics, 136–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137312167_6.
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Polaine, Andy. "Creative Waves." In Social Computing, 1083–95. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-984-7.ch069.
Full textAbstract:
The past few years have seen the promise of online collaboration vastly augmented by developments in online technologies and emerging creative practices. Through our work with the Omnium Research Group, the authors argue that design should never be a solitary activity and benefits from many levels of collaboration - never more so than when dealing with complex issues facing today’s world. The highly connected global society in which many of us now live frequently uses web-technologies to enhance nearly every facet of day-to-day life. The authors strongly believe that design education should not isolate itself from such communal and collaborative potential. This chapter explores what happens when online creative collaboration is applied to a realworld design project tackling critical health issues affecting local communities in Africa. It offers an account of the most recent, fully-online Creative Waves project - Visualising Issues in Pharmacy (VIP) that saw over 100 graphic designers join forces with a similar number of pharmacists from over 40 countries worldwide to produce graphic proposals for public awareness campaigns about six health issues seriously affecting the people of a village community in Kenya. The three-month VIP project is explained in relation to its aims, objectives and graphic outcomes, as well as the online environment in which it took place. Creative Waves is a concept created in 2005 by the Omnium Research Group, based at The University of New South Wales in Australia, to form online communities of design students from many institutions around the globe. Consisting an array of enthusiastic students, teaching staff, professional practitioners and luminaries invited as special guests, these online creative communities have proved that amazing results can be produced through careful facilitation between distanced individuals who will most likely never meet. The Creative Waves concept has to date been offered twice in collaboration with Icograda and the Icograda Education Network.