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Journal articles on the topic 'Phase function'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 June 2025

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1

Lieth, J. H., P. R. Fisher, and R. D. Heins. "A Three-phase Model for the Analysis of Sigmoid Patterns of Growth." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 761C—761. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.761c.

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A growth function was developed for describing the progression of shoot elongation over time. While existing functions, such as the logistic function or Richards function, can be fitted to most sigmoid data, we observed situations where distinct lag, linear, and saturation phases were observed but not well represented by these traditional functions. A function was developed that explicitly models three phases of growth as a curvilinear (exponential) phase, followed by a linear phase, and terminating in a saturation phase. This function was found to be as flexible as the Richards function and can be used for virtually any sigmoid data. The model behavior was an improvement over the Richards function in cases where distinct transitions between the three growth phases are evident. The model also lends itself well to simulation of growth using the differential equation approximation for the function.

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Pannu, Navraj S., Garib N. Murshudov, Eleanor J. Dodson, and Randy J. Read. "Incorporation of Prior Phase Information Strengthens Maximum-Likelihood Structure Refinement." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 54, no. 6 (November 1, 1998): 1285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998004119.

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The application of a maximum-likelihood analysis to the problem of structure refinement has led to striking improvements over the traditional least-squares methods. Since the method of maximum likelihood allows for a rational incorporation of other sources of information, we have derived a likelihood function that incorporates experimentally determined phase information. In a number of different test cases, this target function performs better than either a least-squares target or a maximum-likelihood function lacking prior phases. Furthermore, this target gives significantly better results compared with other functions incorporating phase information. When combined with a procedure to mask `unexplained' density, the phased likelihood target also makes it possible to refine very incomplete models.

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Ilchmann, Achim, and Fabian Wirth. "On Minimum Phase." at – Automatisierungstechnik 61, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 805–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/auto.2013.1002.

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Abstract We discuss the concept of `minimum phase' for scalar semi Hurwitz transfer functions. The latter are rational functions where the denominator polynomial has its roots in the closed left half complex plane. In the present note, minimum phase is defined in terms of the derivative of the argument function of the transfer function. The main tool to characterize minimum phase is the Hurwitz reflection. The factorization of a weakly stable transfer function into an all-pass and a minimum phase system leads to the result that any semi Hurwitz transfer function is minimum phase if, and only if, its numerator polynomial is semi Hurwitz. To characterize the zero dynamics, we use the Byrnes-Isidori form in the time domain and the internal loop form in the frequency domain. The uniqueness of both forms is shown. This is used to show in particular that asymptotic stable zero dynamics of a minimal realization of a transfer function yields minimum phase, but not vice versa.

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4

Goyal, Manish, S. K. Dwivedi, and Ajit Singh Rajput. "Effects of different phases of menstrual cycle on lung functions in young girls of 18-24 years age." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (January 23, 2017): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170161.

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Background: The dynamic cyclical changes in the levels of various hormones during different phases of menstrual cycle are known to affect functioning of different systems of the body, including the respiratory system. Objective of the study was to study the effects of different phases of menstrual cycle on lung functions in young girls of 18-24 years age.Methods: 78 girls who were medical students of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, India were chosen for the study. Their lung function parameters were recorded on Spiro Excel, a computerized spirometer. Four lung function parameters i.e. FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and PEFR were recorded in the different phases of menstrual cycle i.e. menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase.Results: All lung function parameters except FEV1/FVC% were least in menstrual phase and highest in secretory phase with in between values in proliferative phase. The values were significantly different among the three phases. FEV1/FVC% values were maximum in menstrual phase, lowest in secretory phase with intermediate values in proliferative phase but the values were not significantly different among the three phases. Mean values of FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were higher in all the phases of menstrual cycle in normal BMI subjects as compared to the corresponding phases of underweight subjects.Conclusions: Higher values of lung functions during proliferative and secretory phases can be attributed to the higher concentrations of sex hormones specially progesterone because in most of the studies progesterone is known to cause relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle.

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Manjula, Jamliya, Patel Jigna, B. Mehta H, and J. Shah C. "EFFECT OF PRE AND POST MENSTRUAL PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE ON SYMPATHETIC FUNCTION TESTS IN HEALTHY ADULT FEMALES." International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 155–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4481724.

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Abstracts: Background: The menstrual cycle is characterized by fluctuations in several hormones, most notably the gonadal steroids, estrogen and progesterone.¹ Sympathetic function tests are the one of the autonomic function tests and it is easy, non invasive test to be carried out. They give us idea about role of gonadal hormone in sympathetic control of cardiovascular system during different phases of menstrual cycle. Aim: Aim of this study is to determine whether fluctuation of reproductive hormone during premenstrual and post menstrual phases affecting sympathetic function tests or not. Objectives: To do and compare sympathetic function tests in pre and post menstrual phase. Methods: Study was carried out in 50 adult healthy female having age group of 26-40 years. Sympathetic function tests were carried out by instrument Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Analyzer (CANS) 504 in Department of Physiology, Government Medical Collage, Bhavnagar. Sympathetic function tests were done using standard protocol and statically analyzed. Results: Statically significant difference was seen between premenstrual phase and postmenstrual phase in all sympathetic function test parameters which includes supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure response to standing and systolic blood pressure response after sustained hand grip test. Interpretation & conclusion: According to this study sympathetic dominance is seen in premenstrual phase of menstrual cycle that may be due to increased level of progesterone and oestrogen in premenstrual phase.

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Gao, Huan, and Yongqiang Wang. "On Phase Response Function Based Decentralized Phase Desynchronization." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 65, no. 21 (November 1, 2017): 5564–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2017.2733452.

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7

Carlo, Puliafito, Cicconetti Claudio, Conti Marco, Mingozzi Enzo, and Passarella Andrea. "Stateful Function as a Service at the Edge." Computer 55, no. 9 (September 24, 2022): 54–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7110213.

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In function as a service (FaaS), an application is decomposed into functions. We propose to generalize FaaS by allowing functions to alternate between remote-state and local-state phases, depending on internal and external conditions, and dedicating a container with persistent memory to functions when in a local-state phase.

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Baes, Maarten, Peter Camps, and Anand Utsav Kapoor. "A new analytical scattering phase function for interstellar dust." Astronomy & Astrophysics 659 (March 2022): A149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142437.

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Context. Properly modelling scattering by interstellar dust grains requires a good characterisation of the scattering phase function. The Henyey-Greenstein phase function has become the standard for describing anisotropic scattering by dust grains, but it is a poor representation of the real scattering phase function outside the optical range. Aims. We investigate alternatives for the Henyey-Greenstein phase function that would allow the scattering properties of dust grains to be described. Our goal is to find a balance between realism and complexity: the scattering phase function should be flexible enough to provide an accurate fit to the scattering properties of dust grains over a wide wavelength range, and it should be simple enough to be easy to handle, especially in the context of radiative transfer calculations. Methods. We fit various analytical phase functions to the scattering phase function corresponding to the BARE-GR-S model, one of the most popular and commonly adopted models for interstellar dust. We weigh the accuracy of the fit against the number of free parameters in the analytical phase functions. Results. We confirm that the Henyey-Greenstein phase functions poorly describe scattering by dust grains, particularly at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths, with relative differences of up to 50%. The Draine phase function alleviates this problem at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, but not in the UV. The two-term Reynolds-McCormick phase function, recently advocated in the context of light scattering in nanoscale materials and aquatic media, describes the BARE-GR-S data very well, but its five free parameters are degenerate. We propose a simpler phase function, the two-term ultraspherical-2 (TTU2) phase function, that also provides an excellent fit to the BARE-GR-S phase function over the entire UV-NIR wavelength range. This new phase function is characterised by three free parameters with a simple physical interpretation. We demonstrate that the TTU2 phase function is easily integrated in both the spherical harmonics and the Monte Carlo radiative transfer approaches, without a significant overhead or increased complexity. Conclusions. The new TTU2 phase function provides an ideal balance between being simple enough to be easily adopted and realistic enough to accurately describe scattering by dust grains. We advocate its application in astrophysical applications, in particular in dust radiative transfer calculations.

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Kao, Yi-Hsuan, Wan-Yuo Guo, Adrain Jy-Kang Liou, Ting-Yi Chen, Chau-Chiun Huang, Chih-Che Chou, and Jiing-Feng Lirng. "Transfer Function Analysis of Respiratory and Cardiac Pulsations in Human Brain Observed on Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Images." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/157040.

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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides a noninvasive,in vivoimaging technique for studying respiratory and cardiac pulsations in human brains, because these pulsations can be recorded as flow-related enhancement on dynamic MR images. By applying independent component analysis to dynamic MR images, respiratory and cardiac pulsations were observed. Using the signal-time curves of these pulsations as reference functions, the magnitude and phase of the transfer function were calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The calculated magnitude and phase represented the amplitude change and temporal delay at each pixel as compared with the reference functions. In the transfer function analysis, near constant phases were found at the respiratory and cardiac frequency bands, indicating the existence of phase delay relative to the reference functions. In analyzing the dynamic MR images using the transfer function analysis, we found the following: (1) a good delineation of temporal delay of these pulsations can be achieved; (2) respiratory pulsation exists in the ventricular and cortical cerebrospinal fluid; (3) cardiac pulsation exists in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid and intracranial vessels; and (4) a 180-degree phase delay or inverted amplitude is observed on phase images.

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10

Tuan, Wei Hsing. "Design of Multiphase Materials." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 963–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.963.

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In the present study, several principles are introduced as the guidelines to design multi- phased materials. Each phase in the multiphase material can offer one function or property to the material. The functions contributed from the phases within the multiphase material can interact with each other. Such interactions can be tailored by suitable microstructure design. The Al2O3-ZrO2-Ni multiphase material is used to demonstrate the applications of the design principles.

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Dash, Ch Sanjeev Kumar, Ajit Kumar Behera, Satchidananda Dehuri, and Sung-Bae Cho. "Differential Evolution-Based Optimization of Kernel Parameters in Radial Basis Function Networks for Classification." International Journal of Applied Evolutionary Computation 4, no. 1 (January 2013): 56–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaec.2013010104.

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In this paper a two phases learning algorithm with a modified kernel for radial basis function neural networks is proposed for classification. In phase one a new meta-heuristic approach differential evolution is used to reveal the parameters of the modified kernel. The second phase focuses on optimization of weights for learning the networks. Further, a predefined set of basis functions is taken for empirical analysis of which basis function is better for which kind of domain. The simulation result shows that the proposed learning mechanism is evidently producing better classification accuracy vis-à-vis radial basis function neural networks (RBFNs) and genetic algorithm-radial basis function (GA-RBF) neural networks.

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Moya-Cessa, H. ctor. "A number–phase Wigner function." Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 5, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): S339—S341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/5/3/367.

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13

Nicodemi, Mario, and Simona Bianco. "Chromosomes Phase Transition to Function." Biophysical Journal 119, no. 4 (August 2020): 724–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2020.07.008.

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14

Logan, David, Yuri P. Ivanenko, Tim Kiemel, Germana Cappellini, Francesca Sylos-Labini, Francesco Lacquaniti, and John J. Jeka. "Function dictates the phase dependence of vision during human locomotion." Journal of Neurophysiology 112, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01062.2012.

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In human and animal locomotion, sensory input is thought to be processed in a phase-dependent manner. Here we use full-field transient visual scene motion toward or away from subjects walking on a treadmill. Perturbations were presented at three phases of walking to test 1) whether phase dependence is observed for visual input and 2) whether the nature of phase dependence differs across body segments. Results demonstrated that trunk responses to approaching perturbations were only weakly phase dependent and instead depended primarily on the delay from the perturbation. Recording of kinematic and muscle responses from both right and left lower limb allowed the analysis of six distinct phases of perturbation effects. In contrast to the trunk, leg responses were strongly phase dependent. Leg responses during the same gait cycle as the perturbation exhibited gating, occurring only when perturbations were applied in midstance. In contrast, during the postperturbation gait cycle, leg responses occurred at similar response phases of the gait cycle over a range of perturbation phases. These distinct responses reflect modulation of trunk orientation for upright equilibrium and modulation of leg segments for both hazard accommodation/avoidance and positional maintenance on the treadmill. Overall, these results support the idea that the phase dependence of responses to visual scene motion is determined by different functional tasks during walking.

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Damdinsuren, Bazarragchaa, Raelene Grumont, Yongqing Zhang, William Wood, Kevin Becker, Steve Gerondakis, and Ranjan Sen. "Kinetic and function of c-Rel in naïve B cells (84.4)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2010): 84.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.84.4.

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Abstract Temporal control of NF-κB activation has been proposed to play an important role in response of cells to NF-κB -inducing stimuli. Our earlier studies found two phases of NF-κB activation in primary B lymphocytes stimulated via the B cell receptor. Phase I NF-κB is induced via the canonical pathway and leads to transient nuclear expression of RelA and c-Rel. Phase II NF-κB activation is mediated by de novo c-Rel gene transcription and translation. We have followed up these observations to determine the function and mechanism of c-Rel during each phase. Using a combination of biochemical, gene expression studies and gene reconstitution studies we propose that c-Rel provides unique survival functions during both phases of NF-κB activation, and supports cell cycle progression in response to CD40 stimulation in phase II. Our studies help to de-convolute functions of c-Rel that are unique from those that are redundant with RelA in B lymphocytes.

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El Bakrawy, Lamiaa M., and Neveen I. Ghali. "An Improved Hashing Function for Human Authentication System." International Journal of Computer Vision and Image Processing 3, no. 2 (April 2013): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcvip.2013040103.

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Biometrics have the great advantage of recognition based on an intrinsic aspect of a human being and thus requiring the person to be authenticated for physical presentation. Unfortunately, biometrics suffer from some inherent limitation such as high false rejection when the system works at a low false acceptation rate. In this paper, near set are implemented to improve the Standard Secure Hash Function SHA-1 (ISHA-1) for strict multi-modal biometric image authentication system. The proposed system is composed of five phases, starting from feature extraction and selection phase, hashing computing that uses the ISHA-1 phase, embedding watermark phase, extraction and decryption watermark phase, and finally the authentication phase. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm guarantees the security assurance and reduces the time of implementation.

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Bunge, H. J., and H. Weiland. "Orientation Correlation in Grain and Phase Boundaries." Textures and Microstructures 7, no. 4 (January 1, 1988): 231–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.7.231.

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The properties of grain and phase boundaries depend on five angular coordinates, i.e. three parameters specifying the orientation difference across the boundary and two parameters specifying the orientation of the boundary normal direction in space or with respect to the crystal lattice. Hence, five-dimensional boundary distribution functions have to be considered. If one considers only misorientation a three-dimensional misorientation distribution function is obtained. The deviation of this function from the #8220;uncorrelated” misorientation distribution yields the orientation correlation function. The most economical representation of these functions is the one using series expansions in terms of symmetrized harmonic functions. With the present state of experimental technique it seems to be impossible to determine the complete boundary distribution functions. However, two-dimensional analoga of these functions can be obtained from electron diffraction measurements.

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HAKEN, HERMANN. "PHASE-LOCKING IN A GENERAL CLASS OF INTEGRATE AND FIRE MODELS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 12, no. 11 (November 2002): 2619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127402006126.

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This paper studies phase-locking in a network of N neurons. The dynamic variables are the phases of the axonal pulses as well as the dendritic currents. The coupling via synaptic strengths may be arbitrary, up to a specific constraint. Arbitrary time delays of pulses and dendritic currents are included. The class of integrate and fire models treated here is characterized by a great variety of dendritic response functions (Green's functions). We determine the phase-locked state, the pulse interval, and present the stability equation for the case in which the dendritic response function is Rall's α-function, but still arbitrary couplings and delays are admitted.

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Wang, Wei-Xiang, You-Lin Shang, and Lian-Sheng Zhang. "Identifying a Global Optimizer with Filled Function for Nonlinear Integer Programming." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/171697.

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This paper presents a filled function method for finding a global optimizer of integer programming problem. The method contains two phases: the local minimization phase and the filling phase. The goal of the former phase is to identify a local minimizer of the objective function, while the filling phase aims to search for a better initial point for the first phase with the aid of the filled function. A two-parameter filled function is proposed, and its properties are investigated. A corresponding filled function algorithm is established. Numerical experiments on several test problems are performed, and preliminary computational results are reported.

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Crosbie, A. L., and G. W. Davidson. "Dirac-delta function approximations to the scattering phase function." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 33, no. 4 (April 1985): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(85)90200-6.

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21

Shevchenko, Vasilij G., Irina N. Belskaya, Olga I. Mikhalchenko, Karri Muinonen, Antti Penttilä, Maria Gritsevich, Yuriy G. Shkuratov, Ivan G. Slyusarev, and Gorden Videen. "Phase integral of asteroids." Astronomy & Astrophysics 626 (June 2019): A87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935588.

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The values of the phase integral q were determined for asteroids using a numerical integration of the brightness phase functions over a wide phase-angle range and the relations between q and the G parameter of the HG function and q and the G1, G2 parameters of the HG1G2 function. The phase-integral values for asteroids of different geometric albedo range from 0.34 to 0.54 with an average value of 0.44. These values can be used for the determination of the Bond albedo of asteroids. Estimates for the phase-integral values using the G1 and G2 parameters are in very good agreement with the available observational data. We recommend using the HG1G2 function for the determination of the phase integral. Comparison of the phase integrals of asteroids and planetary satellites shows that asteroids have systematically lower values of q.

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Xiao, Jin-ke, Wei-min Li, Wei Li, and Xin-rong Xiao. "Optimization on Black Box Function Optimization Problem." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/647234.

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There are a large number of engineering optimization problems in real world, whose input-output relationships are vague and indistinct. Here, they are called black box function optimization problem (BBFOP). Then, inspired by the mechanism of neuroendocrine system regulating immune system, BP neural network modified immune optimization algorithm (NN-MIA) is proposed. NN-MIA consists of two phases: the first phase is training BP neural network with expected precision to confirm input-output relationship and the other phase is immune optimization phase, whose aim is to search global optima. BP neural network fitting without expected fitting precision could be replaced with polynomial fitting or other fitting methods within expected fitting precision. Experimental simulation confirms global optimization capability of MIA and the practical application of BBFOP optimization method.

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Innanen, Alex C., Brittney A. Cooper, Conor W. Hayes, Charissa L. Campbell, Jacob L. Kloos, Scott D. Guzewich, and John E. Moores. "Three Years of ACB Phase Function Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory: Interannual and Diurnal Variability and Constraints on Ice Crystal Habit." Planetary Science Journal 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ad2990.

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Abstract We examine 3 yr of phase-function observations of water-ice clouds taken during the Aphelion Cloud Belt season by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL). We derive lower-bound single-scattering phase functions for Mars years (MYs) 34, 35, and 36, over a range of scattering angles from 45° to 155°, expanding on the MY 34 phase function previously derived from MSL observations using the same method. We also modify the procedure used for MY 34 to make use of cloud opacity values derived from other MSL observations, often taken in conjunction with the phase-function observations. From these, we see little variability, both interannually and diurnally in the phase function at Gale Crater. We use our derived phase functions to attempt to constrain a dominant ice-crystal geometry by fitting a two-term Henyey–Greenstein function. In comparing to HG functions of Martian dust and modeled water-ice crystals, we see agreement especially with droxtal water-ice crystals, dust at Gale crater, and irregular volcanic glasses. This could be indicative of crystals composed of some irregular shape.

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Zhang, Xiao Juan, Yan Li, and Wei Yang. "Properties of Phase Functions for Biological Materials with Properties of Composite Materials and their High-Order Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 583 (October 2012): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.583.66.

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Biological materials with properties of composite materials are complex, phase function can describe the complexity. Several phase functions and their high-order parameters were discussed. The results demonstrate that: single HG(Henyey-Greenstein) phase function can not describe the scattering of real biological material, the high-order parameters are dependent on the first-order parameter; Mie phase function can provide theorical reference for scattering chart of biological material although the function is complex;Tissue phase function can picture scattering for most biological materials and the form is simpleness, the high-order parameters are independent and relate to the micro-structures of biological material. it is necessary of selecting appropriate phase function for applied technology of medical diagnosis and measurement of optical parameters.

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Chruściński, Dariusz. "Phase-Space Approach to Berry Phases." Open Systems & Information Dynamics 13, no. 01 (March 2006): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11080-006-7268-3.

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We propose a new formula for the adiabatic Berry phase which is based on phase-space formulation of quantum mechanics. This approach sheds a new light onto the correspondence between classical and quantum adiabatic phases — both phases are related with the averaging procedure: Hannay angle with averaging over the classical torus and Berry phase with averaging over the entire classical phase space with respect to the corresponding Wigner function.

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Hong, S. S. "A Method for Deriving the Mean Volume Scattering Phase Function for Zodiacal Dust." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 85 (1985): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100084657.

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AbstractA linear combination of 3 Henyey-Greenstein phase functions is substituted for the mean volume scattering phase function in the zodiacal light brightness integral. Results of the integral are then compared with the observed brightness to form residuals. Minimization of the residuals provides us with the best combination of Henyey-Greenstein functions for the scattering phase function of zodiacal dust particles.

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Hira Saeed Khan, Saima Naz Shaikh, Kavita Bai, Rizwan Ali Canna, and Abdul Haq Shaikh. "Variations in Pulmonary Function in Relation with the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Adult Female." Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University 18, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.48036/apims.v18i1.643.

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Objective: To compare the respiratory parameters during different menstrual versus luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy adult female. Methodology: This comparative study was conducted in research lab physiology department of Liaquat University of medical and health sciences Jamshoro, from January 2018 July 2018. Adult healthy non-pregnant females aged between 18 and 24 years were Included. Each participant was advised to visit the Physiology Lab on a particular date for pulmonary function test during menstrual (1-5th day) and luteal (19-22th day) phases, based on their menstrual history. Using the Power lab AD tools 15:HT Computerized Spirometer and parameters recorded on Labtutor software, the participants were made to undertake pulmonary function testing in distinct menstrual cycle stages. All the data was collected via study proforma. Results: Mean age of the cases was 20.03+6.30 years and mean duration of menstrual cycle was 28.62±1.35 days. Mean FVC value was significantly higher in luteal phase (2.57) as compared to menstrual phase (2.50) (p-0.016). Average FEV1 value was significantly higher in luteal phase (2.61) compared to menstrual phase (2.53) (p-0.009). Average values of PEF and FEV1/FVC were also significantly higher in luteal phase as compared to menstrual phase (p-<0.05). Conclusion: Pulmonary functions as well as respiratory efficiency were significantly improved in luteal phase compared to menstrual phase of menstrual cycle, which were enumerated in this study thus suggesting a possible beneficial role of progesterone in improvement of respiratory parameters. The reason could be the bronchodilator effect of progesterone, its level remains higher during this phase.

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Masoood, Sarfaraz, and Nida Safdar Jan. "SIMPLEX: An Activation Function with Improved Loss Function Results in Validation." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8643.

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An activation function is a mathematical function used for squashing purposes in artificial neural networks, whose domain and the range are two important most features to judge its potency. Overfitting of a neural network, is an issue that has gained considerable importance. This is a consequence of a function developing some complex relationship during the training phase and then these do not show up during the testing phase due to which these relationships aren’t actually relations, but are merely a consequence of sampling noise that arises during the training phase and is absent during testing phase. This creates a significant gap in accuracy which if minimized could result in better results in terms of overall performance of an ANN (Artificial Neural Network). The activation function proposed in this work is called SIMPLEX. Over a set of experiments, it was observed, to have the least overfitting issue among the rest of the analyzed activation functions over the MNIST dataset, selected as the experimental problem.

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Holdaway, M. A. "Phase Calibration of the Proposed Millimeter Array." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 140 (1994): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100019266.

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AbstractThe phase structure function can be estimated from water vapor radiometer data. We present typical phase structure functions and indicate how residual calibration errors are related to the phase structure function and the calibration parameters. From this, we can estimate the amount of time the array can be used and compare different calibration methods.

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Schmit, Joanna, and Katherine Creath. "Window function influence on phase error in phase-shifting algorithms." Applied Optics 35, no. 28 (October 1, 1996): 5642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.35.005642.

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Rutkowski, Igor, and Krzysztof Czuba. "Estimation of Phase Noise Transfer Function." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 8234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248234.

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Quantifying frequency converters’ residual phase noise is essential in various applications, including radar systems, high-speed digital communication, or particle accelerators. Multi-input signal source analyzers can perform such measurements out of the box, but the high cost limits their accessibility. Based on an analysis of phase noise transmission theory and the capabilities of popular instrumentation, we propose a technique extending the functionality of single-input devices. The method supplements absolute noise measurements with estimates of the phase noise transfer function (also called the jitter transfer function), allowing the calculation of residual noise. The details of the hardware setup used for the method verification are presented. The injection of single-tone and pseudo-random modulations to the test signal is examined. Optional employment of a spectrum analyzer can reduce the time and number of data needed for characterization. A wideband synthesizer with an integrated voltage-controlled oscillator was investigated using the method. The estimated transfer function matches a white-box model based on synthesizer’s structure and values of loop components. The first results confirm the validity of the proposed technique.

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32

Herzog, U., H. Paul, and Th Richter. "Wigner function for a phase state." Physica Scripta T48 (January 1, 1993): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1993/t48/009.

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Kim, W., and M. H. Hayes. "Phase retrieval using a window function." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 41, no. 3 (March 1993): 1409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.205743.

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TAVANIOTOU, ASIMINA, JOHAN SMITZ, CLAIRE BOURGAIN, and PAUL DEVROEY. "Ovulation Induction Disrupts Luteal Phase Function." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 943, no. 1 (September 2001): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03790.x.

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Frisvad, Jeppe Revall. "Importance sampling the Rayleigh phase function." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 28, no. 12 (November 10, 2011): 2436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.28.002436.

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Simeunović, Marko, and Igor Djurović. "Non-uniform sampled cubic phase function." Signal Processing 101 (August 2014): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2014.02.005.

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Piknova, Barbora, Vincent Schram, and StephenB Hall. "Pulmonary surfactant: phase behavior and function." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 12, no. 4 (August 2002): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-440x(02)00352-4.

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Lee, S. C. "Scattering phase function for fibrous media." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 33, no. 10 (October 1990): 2183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(90)90119-f.

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Parish, J. L. "Correlation function on quantum phase space." Physics Letters A 132, no. 8-9 (October 1988): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(88)90505-1.

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40

Fried, David L., and Jeffrey L. Vaughn. "Branch cuts in the phase function." Applied Optics 31, no. 15 (May 20, 1992): 2865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.31.002865.

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Woodruff, Jeffrey, and Daniel Jarosz. "Phase separation: from phenomenon to function." Molecular Biology of the Cell 31, no. 6 (March 15, 2020): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e20-01-0039.

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Vaccaro, John A., and D. T. Pegg. "Wigner function for number and phase." Physical Review A 41, no. 9 (May 1, 1990): 5156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.41.5156.

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McCormick, N. J. "Ocean optics phase-function inverse equations." Applied Optics 41, no. 24 (August 20, 2002): 4958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.004958.

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Schilling, Andreas, and Hans Peter Herzig. "Phase function encoding of diffractive structures." Applied Optics 39, no. 29 (October 10, 2000): 5273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.39.005273.

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Laha, U., N. Haque, T. Nandi, and G. C. Sett. "Phase-function method for elastic?-? scattering." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 332, no. 3 (September 1989): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01295460.

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Jana, A. K., J. Pal, T. Nandi, and B. Talukdar. "Phase-function method for complex potentials." Pramana 39, no. 5 (November 1992): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02847338.

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Lederer, P., and Y. Takahashi. "Phase coherence of RVB wave function." Zeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter 71, no. 3 (September 1988): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01312490.

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Van Herstraeten, Zacharie, Michael G. Jabbour, and Nicolas J. Cerf. "Continuous majorization in quantum phase space." Quantum 7 (May 24, 2023): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-24-1021.

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We explore the role of majorization theory in quantum phase space. To this purpose, we restrict ourselves to quantum states with positive Wigner functions and show that the continuous version of majorization theory provides an elegant and very natural approach to exploring the information-theoretic properties of Wigner functions in phase space. After identifying all Gaussian pure states as equivalent in the precise sense of continuous majorization, which can be understood in light of Hudson&apos;s theorem, we conjecture a fundamental majorization relation: any positive Wigner function is majorized by the Wigner function of a Gaussian pure state (especially, the bosonic vacuum state or ground state of the harmonic oscillator). As a consequence, any Schur-concave function of the Wigner function is lower bounded by the value it takes for the vacuum state. This implies in turn that the Wigner entropy is lower bounded by its value for the vacuum state, while the converse is notably not true. Our main result is then to prove this fundamental majorization relation for a relevant subset of Wigner-positive quantum states which are mixtures of the three lowest eigenstates of the harmonic oscillator. Beyond that, the conjecture is also supported by numerical evidence. We conclude by discussing some implications of this conjecture in the context of entropic uncertainty relations in phase space.

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SYMONDS, C. S., P. GALLAGHER, J. M. THOMPSON, and A. H. YOUNG. "Effects of the menstrual cycle on mood, neurocognitive and neuroendocrine function in healthy premenopausal women." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 1 (January 2004): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291703008535.

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Background. Neurocognitive functioning may be impaired in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to associated changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function. This study examines the relationship between changes in neurocognition and HPA axis function in different phases of the menstrual cycle.Method. Fifteen female volunteers, free from psychiatric history and hormonal medication were tested twice, during mid-follicular and late-luteal phases in a randomized, crossover design. Mood, neurocognitive function, and basal cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were profiled.Results. Relative to the follicular phase, verbal fluency was impaired in the luteal phase and reaction times speeded on a continuous performance task, without affecting overall accuracy. ‘Hedonic’ scores on the UWIST-MACL scale were decreased in the luteal phase. There was also evidence of changes in the function of the HPA axis, with 24 h urinary cortisol concentrations and salivary DHEA levels being significantly lower during the luteal phase.Conclusions. These data suggest that luteal phase HPA axis function is lower than in the follicular phase in premenopausal healthy women. This putative biological difference may be important for our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of menstrually related mood change and neurocognitive disturbance.

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Fisher, Paul R., Royal D. Heins, and J. Heinrich Lieth. "Quantifying the Relationship between Phases of Stem Elongation and Flower Initiation in Poinsettia." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 4 (July 1996): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.4.686.

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Stem elongation of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Klotz.) was quantified using an approach that explicitly modelled the three phases of a sigmoidal growth curve: 1) an initial lag phase characterized by an exponentially increasing stem length, 2) a phase in which elongation is nearly linear, and 3) a plateau phase in which elongation rate declines as stem length reaches an asymptotic maximum. For each growth phase, suitable mathematical functions were selected for smooth height and slope transitions between phases. The three growth phases were linked to developmental events, particularly flower initiation and the first observation of a visible flower bud. The model was fit to a data set of single-stemmed poinsettia grown with vegetative periods of 13, 26, or 54 days, resulting in excellent conformance (R2 = 0.99). The model was validated against two independent data sets, and the elongation pattern was similar to that predicted by the model, particularly during the linear and plateau phases. The model was formulated to allow dynamic simulation or adaptation in a graphical control chart. Model parameters in the three-phase function have clear biological meaning. The function is particularly suited to situations in which identification of growth phases in relation to developmental and horticultural variables is an important objective. Further validation under a range of conditions is required before the model can be applied to horticultural situations.

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