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Journal articles on the topic 'Phenol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Mahajan, Jaswant R., and Hugo C. Araújo. "Attempted novel preparation of dihydrocoumarin and coumarin; obtention of aryl acrylates and 3-chloropropionates." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 1 (1987): 224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-035.

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It has been found that, contrary to the published report, there is no noticeable reaction between phenol and methyl acrylate in the presence of aluminum chloride to produce phenyl acrylate (1) and dihydrocoumarin (2). Although products having the reported spectral data can be obtained by the reaction of phenol with acrylyl chloride, these products are actually phenyl acrylate and phenyl 3-chloropropionate (4), there being detected no dihydrocoumarin. This reaction has now been extended to several substituted phenols and some naphthols. Attempts at cyclization of phenyl acrylate, phenyl 3-chlor

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2

Truchan, Nadina, Christian Jandl, Alexander Pöthig, Stefan Breitenlechner, and Thorsten Bach. "Access to Biphenyls by Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Phenyl Carbamates and Phenols." Synthesis 51, no. 16 (2019): 3060–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611482.

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The oxidative cross-coupling of phenols (3 equiv) to various substituted phenyl N,N-diethylcarbamates was explored with a variety of substrates. Pd(OAc)2 was employed as the catalyst (20 mol%) and K2S2O8 as the stoichiometric oxidant in trifluoroacetic acid as the solvent (50 °C, 2 h). Carbamates without or with a substituent on the phenyl ring (Me, Ph, Cl, OMe) underwent the reaction unless the phenyl substituent was too strongly electron withdrawing (CN). Cross-coupling occurred exclusively in the ortho position relative to the carbamate group. The regioselectivity at the phenol (ortho or pa

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3

Kochana, Jolanta, Juliusz Adamski, and Andrzej Parczewski. "A Critical View on the Phenol Index as a Measure of Phenol Compounds Content in Waters. Application of a Biosensor." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 19, no. 3 (2012): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10216-011-0028-5.

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A Critical View on the Phenol Index as a Measure of Phenol Compounds Content in Waters. Application of a BiosensorPhenol index is considered as an important indicator of water purity and quality. Usually phenol index is determined by a spectrophotometric method the calibration being based on phenol standards. Unfortunately, the absorptivities of different phenols compounds differ from each other. This leads to significant uncertainty concerning content of phenols in water. It is shown that the same shortage of the phenol index appears also if it is determined using an amperometric biosensor ba

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4

Ionescu, Mihail, and Zoran Petrovic. "Phenolation of vegetable oils." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 76, no. 4 (2011): 591–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100820050i.

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Novel bio-based compounds containing phenols suitable for the synthesis of polyurethanes were prepared. The direct alkylation of phenols with different vegetable oils in the presence of superacids (HBF4, triflic acid) as catalysts was studied. The reaction kinetics was followed by monitoring the decrease of the double bond content (iodine value) with time. In order to understand the mechanism of the reaction, phenol was alkylated with model compounds. The model compounds containing one internal double bond were 9-octadecene and methyl oleate and those with three double bonds were triolein and

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5

B, Anita, and Samiyappan S. "NDUCTION OF SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE IN RICE BY PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENT AGAINST RICE ROOT KNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE GRAMINICOLA." Journal of Biopesticides 5 (April 1, 2012): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.5.0.53-59.

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Induction ofdefense enzymes phenol, peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO),phenyl ammonia lyase (PAL), super oxide dismutase (SOD) and chitinase by Pseudomonasfluorescens isolate Pf1, against challenge inoculation of Meloidogynegraminicola in rice was studied in vitro. The activity of phenol,PO,PPO, PAL and chitinase was higher in the bacterized rice plants. Theanalysis of isoform profiles revealed unique PO, PPO and SOD isoforms inducedin plants treated with P. fluorescens. The present study implies earlierand higher accumulation of phenols and defense enzymes viz., PO, PPO,PAL and chitina

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6

Yang, Seungdo, Soyeon Jeong, Chunghyeon Ban, Hyungjoo Kim, and Do Heui Kim. "Catalytic Cleavage of Ether Bond in a Lignin Model Compound over Carbon-Supported Noble Metal Catalysts in Supercritical Ethanol." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020158.

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Decomposition of lignin-related model compound (benzyl phenyl ether, BPE) to phenol and toluene was performed over carbon-supported noble metal (Ru, Pd, and Pt) catalysts in supercritical ethanol without supply of hydrogen. Phenol and toluene as target products were produced by the hydrogenolysis of BPE. The conversion of BPE was higher than 95% over all carbon-supported noble metal catalysts at 270 ° for 4 h. The 5 wt% Pd/C demonstrated the highest yield (ca. 59.3%) of the target products and enhanced conversion rates and reactivity more significantly than other catalysts. In the case of Ru/C

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7

Arvin, Erik, Bjørn K. Jensen, and Anders Torp Gundersen. "Biodegradation Kinetics of Phenols in an Aerobic Biofilm at Low Concentrations." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 7-9 (1991): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0590.

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Aerobic biodegradation of the phenols: phenol, 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 3,5-dimethylphenol and 2,4,6-trimethylphenol was studied in a biofilm reactor to establish kinetic constants under conditions where the phenols were the sole carbon sources. Phenol concentrations were very low, in the µg/l concentration range. 2,4,6-trimethylphenol was not degraded. The degradation of the other phenols was 1'st order at concentrations in the bulk phase below 20-50 µg/l. Zero order reaction seemed to govern the reaction above 200 µg/l. The l'st order rate constants are 3-30 times

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8

Lu, C. J., and S. J. Chen. "The Effects of the Secondary Carbon Source on the Biodegradation of Chlorinated Phenols in Biofilm Reactors." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (1992): 2113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0674.

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The effects of the presence of a secondary carbon source on the biodegradation of chlorinated phenols were studied with column biofilm reactors. The biodegradability of chlorinated phenols was studied with a series of batch reactors. The biodegradability of chlorinated phenols was to follow the order of phenol &gt; 2,4-dichlorophenol &gt; 4-chIorophenol &gt; 2,4,6-trichlorophenol &gt; 2-chlorophenol &gt; 3-chloro-phenol. The presence of a relatively more biodegradable but higher chlorinated phenol, such as 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, enhanced the biodégradation of a less chlorin

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9

Tatsumi, K., H. Ichikawa, and S. Wada. "Dephenolization from aqueous solution by treatment with peroxidase and a coagulant." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 9 (1994): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0448.

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To develop a new enzymatic method for removal of phenols from wastewater, the reaction of phenols with horseradish peroxidase was investigated in the presence or absence of a coagulant. Phenols are effectively removed by treatment with peroxidase and a cationic polymer coagulant. The coagulant precipitated enzymatic products of phenol, and reduced the inactivation of peroxidase caused by reaction of products from phenol with the enzyme. This stabilization of peroxidase lessened the amount of enzyme required for phenol removal. Reaction of the coagulant with products from phenol resulted in a l

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10

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis and characterization of some heterocyclic including oxazoles,Thiazoles, Pyridazines, phthalizines and Pyrazoles with evaluating of biological activity." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 3 (2013): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.3.818-827.

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A series of new compounds including p-bromo methyl pheno acetate [2]. N-( aminocarbonyl)–p-bromo pheno acetamide [3] , N-( aminothioyl) -p-bromo phenoacetyl amide [4], N-[4-(p-di phenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-p-bromopheno acetamide [5],N-[4-p-di phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl-p-bromo phenoacet amide [6], p-bromopheno acetic acid hydrazide [7] , 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-pyridazin-3,6- dione [8], 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-phthalazin-3,8- dione[ 9], 1-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-3-methylpyrazol-5-one [10] and 1-(p-bromo phenol acetyl)- 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole [11] have been synthesized.

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11

Jassim, Wissam K., A. M. Kadir, and Ibtisam K. Jassim. "Synthesis and characterization of some heterocyclic including oxazoles,Thiazoles, Pyridazines, phthalizines and Pyrazoles with evaluating of biological activity." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 3 (2013): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2013.10.3.818-827.

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A series of new compounds including p-bromo methyl pheno acetate [2]. N-( aminocarbonyl)–p-bromo pheno acetamide [3] , N-( aminothioyl) -p-bromo phenoacetyl amide [4], N-[4-(p-di phenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-p-bromopheno acetamide [5],N-[4-p-di phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl-p-bromo phenoacet amide [6], p-bromopheno acetic acid hydrazide [7] , 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-pyridazin-3,6- dione [8], 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-phthalazin-3,8- dione[ 9], 1-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-3-methylpyrazol-5-one [10] and 1-(p-bromo phenol acetyl)- 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole [11] have been synthesized.

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12

Davis, A. P., and C. P. Huang. "Removal of Phenols from Water by a Photocatalytic Oxidation Process." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 6-7 (1989): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0248.

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Photocatalyst, CdS, upon irradiation by bandgap energy produces electrons and positive holes. The positive holes are strong oxidizing agents that can render organic compounds such as phenol oxidized. The rate of phenol oxidation depends upon factors such as pH, phenol concentration, photointensity, oxygen concentration and temperature. An increase in the degree of chlorination appears to render phenols more oxidizable. Among the chlorinated phenols studied, the ease in oxidation increases in the order: 2,4,6-trichlorophenol &gt; 2,4-dichlorophenol &gt; 2-chlorophenol &gt; phenol.

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13

Helal, Ahmed, Stephane Desobry, Sylvie Banon, and Sherif M. Shamsia. "Antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenols-enriched edible casein/caseinate coatings during in vitro digestion." Journal of Dairy Research 82, no. 1 (2014): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029914000557.

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Active films were developed for food coating applications. Entrapped phenol susceptibility to digestion was studied. Sodium caseinate (Na-CN) coatings were formulated with 0, 10, 20% Casein (CN) incorporating selected phenols as model antioxidants. This study investigated phenol/CN/Na-CN interactions, in vitro bioaccessibility of phenols and CN role in phenols retention during in vitro gastric and pancreatic digestion. The antioxidant activity of catechin (CAT), rutin (RUT), chlorogenic acid (CHL), gallic acid (GAL), and tannic acid (TA) in coatings varied with the phenolic compound type and C

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14

Hussain, Sabir, Jyoti Sharma, and Mohd Amir. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of 1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives of 5-Amino-2-Hydroxybenzoic Acid." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 4 (2008): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/924734.

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Various 4-amino-2-[4-(4-substituted phenyl)-5-sulfanyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl] phenol (4a-c), 4-amino-2-{4-amino-5-[(4-substituted phenyl)amino]-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl} phenol (5a-c) and 4-amino-2-{5-[(4-substituted phenyl)amino]-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl} phenol (6a-g) were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The compounds showed significant antibacterial activity againstS. aureus(gram-positive) andE.coli(gram-negative) bacteria and antifungal activity againstA. nigerfungi using cup plate technique

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15

Sanchez, Ana M., Alicia V. Veglia та Rita H. de Rossi. "β-Cyclodextrin effects on photo-Claisen rearrangement of allyl phenyl ether". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, № 8 (1997): 1151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-137.

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The photo rearrangement of allyl phenyl ether (1) in water and in solutions containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) leads to the para (2) and ortho (3) allyl phenols and phenol (4) as principal products. The substrate associates with β-CD forming a 1:CD complex with a K1-CD = (4.6 ± 0.6) × 102 M−1. When the photolysis is carried out in presence of oxygen there is a decrease in the total yields of products, but the inhibition is less marked in the presence of β-CD. The product quantum yields (Φ) for the complexed substrate are different for the free substrate, being higher for the ortho product, almos

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16

Gasimova, Fatma I., Zaur Z. Aghamali̇yev, Gulshan J. Gasanova, and Chingiz K. Rasulov. "Some Features of Cycloalkylation Reactions of Phenol with 1-Methylcyclopentene." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 726–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.726.

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The present study deals with the investigation of catalytic cycloalkylation reactions of phenol with 1-methylcyclopentene. KU-23 and aluminum phenolate were used as catalysts for the process. The effect of kinetic parameters (temperature, duration, molar ratios of the initial components and the amount of catalyst) on the yield and selectivity of methylcyclopentyl phenols obtained as a result of scientific research was investigated. As a result, effective conditions were found for the production of para- and ortho-, ortho- (1-methylcyclopentyl) phenols with high yield and selectivity. It was de

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17

Kauppi, A., K. Paukkonen, and H.-L. Tela. "The role of phenols in sprouting and wood decay of birches." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 7 (1991): 1066–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-146.

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Changes in the total phenol content after coppicing of Betulapubescens Ehrh. were studied in the stumps, basal buds at different stages of growth, and sprouts of various ages to determine the role of phenols in sprouting. The phenol content of the wood at the cut surface of stumps had clearly decreased 24 h after cutting, and another apparent decrease occurred about 2 weeks later, when the suppressed buds on the stump started developing. High phenol levels were maintained the longest in the light wood of the inner parts of the stump, but remained relatively low in the brown, mycelium-containin

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18

Makhova, T. M., A. I. Arzhanukhina, and S. Yu Doronin. "Institute of Chemistry, Chernyshevsky Saratov State University." Журнал аналитической химии 78, no. 10 (2023): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044450223100134.

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New test tools made of nanofibers based on polyamide-6 (PA-6) for the sorption preconcentration of some phenols as their azo derivatives followed by colorimetric determination are obtained. Approaches to the derivatization of phenol and chlorine derivatives by azo coupling with 4-nitrophenyldiazonium and oxidative condensation with 4-aminoantipyrine for improving the sorption characteristics of the studied phenols are proposed. The efficiency of the two derivatization methods is compared. The sorption kinetics of phenol and 2-chlorophenol derivatives and the effect of pH on the nature of their

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19

Farooqi, Izharul Haq, Farrukh Basheer, and M. Hasnain Isa. "Co-degradation of phenol and m-cresols by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 7 (2007): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.677.

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The study was performed to assess the efficacy of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor for the degradation of mixtures of phenol and m-cresol. The experiments were performed in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. The reactor was seeded with digested sewage sludge and was initially operated at 24 HRT. A phenol concentration of 200 mg/L was fed to the reactor to acclimatize the microorganisms to phenols. Subsequently the dosages of phenols were increased to 400 mg/L, 500 mg/L, and 600 mg/L. Cresols were introduced in the reactor when phenol removal efficiency of 77% was achieved at

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20

Bisaillon, Jean-Guy, François Lépine, Réjean Beaudet, and Michel Sylvestre. "Potential for carboxylation–dehydroxylation of phenolic compounds by a methanogenic consortium." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, no. 7 (1993): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-093.

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An anaerobic consortium that carboxylated and dehydroxylated phenol to benzoate, and 2-cresol to 3-methylbenzoic acid, under methanogenic conditions was studied. Phenol induced this transformation activity. Addition of 4-hydroxypyridine or an increase in the concentration of proteose peptone to 0.5% (w/v) delayed the transformation. Phenol enhanced the rate of transformation of 2-cresol whereas 2-cresol delayed the transformation of phenol. Phenols with ortho-substitutions (chloro-, fluoro-, bromo-, hydroxyl-, amino-, or carboxyl-) were transformed to meta-substituted benzoic acids. However, m

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21

Jiang, Xin Yuan, and Jian Xin Zhao. "Separation of Crude Phenols from Bamboo Tar and Modification of Aminobenzenesulfonic-Based Superplasticizer." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 2214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.2214.

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Aminobenzenesulfonic-based superplasticizer is a kind of high range water reducer synthesized by sodium aminosulfonate, phenol and formaldehyde, as the expensive phenol and the bad workability of concrete added with it, so its application is limited. Bamboo tar is one of the byproducts from bamboo charcoal production, and for its complicated components it isn’t utilized effectively until now. Crude phenols extract was obtained from bamboo tar by using sodium hydroxide solution, and the synthesis of modified aminobenzenesulfonic-based superplasticizer by using crude phenols extract to substitut

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22

Xu, Chun Yan, and Hong Jun Han. "Research on the Treatment of Coal Chemical Wastewater by Activated Sludge Process with Fixed Biological Media Process and Strains." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2006.

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Full scale two-stage activated sludge process (ASP) with fixed biological media was used to treat coal gasification wastewater. The ASP has operated for more than one year and COD, total phenol and NH4-N removal effects were illuminated. COD and total phenol removal rates were around 85% and 90% during long term operation. Effluent COD and total phenol of the first stage of the ASP had an abnormal increase and turned to normal after several weeks. Nitrification of the ASP increased slowly and NH4-N removal rates achieved 80% after 15 weeks. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia K279a is isolated from c

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23

Hamad Al-Shaalan, Nora, Imran Ali, Zeid A. ALOthman, Lamya Hamad Al-Wahaibi, and Hadeel Alabdulmonem. "Application of Composite NanoMaterial to Determine Phenols in Wastewater by Solid Phase Micro Membrane Tip Extraction and Capillary Electrophoresis." Molecules 24, no. 19 (2019): 3443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193443.

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Composite nanoparticles were used in solid phase micro membrane tip extraction and capillary electrophoresis to determine phenol and p-amino-phenol in wastewater. The optimized conditions were 100 g/L concentration, 40 min contact time, 11 pH, 5 mg/mL nanoparticles amounts, 60 min desorption time, 9 desorption pH and 298 K temperature. Capillary electrophoresis conditions were phosphate buffer (15 mM, pH 7.0) background electrolyte, 18 kV applied voltage, 214 nm UV detection, 30 s sample loading at 23 ± 1 °C. The maximum percent uptakes of p-amino-phenol and phenol were 80.0 and 85.0%. High ra

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24

Sui, Xin Jin, and Shu Bin Wu. "Study on Mechanism of Action of Catalysts on Liquefaction of Bagasse Alkali Lignin." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6145.

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Bagasse alkali lignin is the primary constituent of pulping black liquor. The phenolic products such as phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol and 2-methoxy-phenol were obtained by catalytic liquefaction from bagasse alkali lignin, with the aim of enhancing its use value. In the investigation, under optimal conditions, using SiO2-Al2O3 or FeS as catalyst, the phenols yield reached 54.10% and 55.18%, respectively. HPLC spectrum showed that the phenolic products of them were different. FT-IR and H-NMR spectrums showed that, using SiO2-Al2O3 as the catalyst, the α-O-4 and β-O-4 ether bonds and C-Cα bonds o

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25

Sarma, G. V. S., P. Bala Bharathi, J. V. S. Murty, G. M. J. Raju, K. V. Ramesh, and C. Bhaskara Sarma. "Improvements in Recovery Efficiencies of Phenols from Phenol Fraction Using Two-Stage Alkali Treatment." TECNICA ITALIANA-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 2-4 (2021): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.652-443.

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Experiments were carried out for the recovery of phenols from phenol fraction procured from tar distillation plant of Visakhapatnam steel plant by two stage alkali treatment, to study the effect of two-stage alkali treatment on the yield of phenols from phenol fraction. The results of the present investigation showed that two-stage alkali wash gives better yields of phenols compared to single stage alkali wash of the same phenol fraction with the same strength of alkali solution (NaOH). Also it is shown that maximum yield of phenols could be obtained with 35% strength of alkali. In the first s

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26

Pinhey, JT, and PT Xuan. "The Thermal ortho-Substitution of Phenols by Vinyl Ethers." Australian Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 1 (1988): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9880069.

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Pyrolysis of a mixture of phenol and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (6) at 150- 180°C resulted in the formation of 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)phenol (3a) in moderate yield. This selective ortho-substitution reaction has been investigated for a range of phenols and a number of vinyl ethers. While it was found to be a fairly general reaction for phenols, only with the vinyl ether (6) and 2,3-dihydrofuran (28a) was the reaction found to be regioselective. Aluminium phenylate strongly catalyses the reaction of phenol with (6), which proceeded under these conditions at room temperature. An ene -type mechani

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27

Shi, Zhen Jing, Meng Xiang Fang, Chun Guang Zhou, Shu Rong Wang, and Zhong Yang Luo. "Studies on the Extraction of Phenols from Coal Tar Produced in Multi-Generation System." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.673.

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Isolation of phenols from the middle oil fraction(170-230°C) of tar produced in the multi-cogeneration system has been investigated for the purpose of recovering valuable pure phenols, such as phenol, cresols, xylenol and ethyl-phenol. Phenolic compounds were separated from the middle oil by liquid-liquid extraction using alkali and sulfuric acid. The yield of phenolic fraction from the middle oil (170-230°C) is up to 37%, which is much higher compared with those of metallurgical coke plants. Chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse phenolic compounds. The result shows that the phe

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28

Kaválek, Jaromír, Ludmila Hejtmánková, and Vojeslav Štěrba. "Kinetics and mechanism of solvolysis of substituted phenyl N-phenylbenzimidoesters." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 5 (1987): 1285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19871285.

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Kinetics of hydrochloric acid-catalyzed solvolysis of substituted phenyl and methyl N-phenylbenzimidoesters have been studied in methanol, 50 vol. % aqueous methanol, and 50 vol. % aqueous tetrahydrofurane, and the composition of the reaction products has been determined. The rate-limiting step consists in addition of water or methanol to the protonated substrate. The reaction of methyl N-phenylbenzimidoester with both water and methanol and that of substituted phenyl N-phenylbenzimidoesters with methanol produce aniline, the ester (or orthoester) and the corresponding phenol. The reaction of

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29

Ho, Boon Kui, Zainab Ngaini, Paul Matthew Neilsen, et al. "Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of 4-[(Halophenyl)diazenyl]phenol and 4-[(Halophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl Aspirinate Derivatives against Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cell Lines." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6760413.

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Aspirin and azo derivatives have been widely studied and have drawn considerable attention due to diverse biological activities. In this study, a series of 4-[(halophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl aspirinate derivatives were synthesized from the reaction of aspirin with 4-[(halophenyl)diazenyl]phenol via esterification, in the presence of DCC/DMAP in DCM with overall yield of 45–54%. 4-[(Halophenyl)diazenyl]phenol was prepared prior to esterification from coupling reaction of aniline derivatives and phenol in basic solution. All compounds were characterized using elemental analysis, FTIR, and 1H and 13C

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30

Frik Schutte, C., and Georges Belfort. "Rejection of Alkyl Phenols by Reverse Osmosis Membranes." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 5-6 (1987): 967–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0274.

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The removal of different alkyl phenols by two commercially available reverse osmosis membranes, one cellulose acetate and one aromatic polyamide both with very high rejection of NaCℓ was investigated. The polyamide membrane rejected phenol very effectively while the cellulose acetate membrane showed virtually no phenol rejection. In order to explain these differences a study was made of the mechanisms of phenol rejection by the two membranes. Transient diffusion tests as well as partitioning tests were conducted in addition to the reverse osmosis experiments. From the results it is concluded t

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31

Nekrasova, Larisa P., A. G. Malysheva, and E. G. Abramov. "TRANSFORMATION OF PHENOL AND DIATOMIC PHENOLS IN SURFACE WATER UNDER THE IMPACT OF NATURAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FACTORS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 11 (2019): 1206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1206-1211.

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Introduction. Phenol, as well as diatomic phenols, are among the most common and priority organic pollutants of the environment. Getting into the water with sewage in real conditions of pollution, under the influence of natural physicochemical factors, phenols, as highly reactive compounds, undergo a transformation, as a result of which new, sometimes more toxic compounds may be formed. Purpose of the study is to investigate the transformation processes under the impact of the natural physicochemical factors of phenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechin, and resorcinol in surface water. Material and m

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Wandanil, Wandanil, Evi Gusmayanti, and Gusti Zakaria Anshari. "Phenols, Tannins, and Total Colonies of Phenol-Degrading Bacteria in the Natural and Cultivated Peatlands." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 30, no. 3 (2025): 540–47. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.30.3.540.

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Phenols play an important role in inhibiting the decomposition rate of peats. This research compares the total phenols, tannins, and colonies of phenol-degrading bacteria in natural and cultivated peatlands. The work was conducted from September to December 2023 on the peatlands in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Samples of 60 cm3 were collected from the peat surface. The samples were taken from 4 types of peats, namely natural peats covered by ferns (A), cultivated peat with raised beds (B), cultivated peat with raised beds ameliorated with lime and beef manure (C), and cultivated peat with raise

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Bannikov, Leonid, Denis Miroshnichenko, Artem Bannikov, Olexandr Borisenko, and Volodymyr Tertychnyi. "DEPHENOLIZATION OF COAL TAR HEAVY FRACTIONS: A REAGENT - FREE METHOD FOR PHENOL RECOVERY." Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 60, no. 3 (2025): 471–80. https://doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v60.i3.2025.13.

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The classical dephenolization process of the heavy fraction of coal tar involves alkaline washing to produce sodium phenolate, followed by carbon dioxide decomposition to yield crude phenols and a soda solution. The soda solution is causticized with lime, generating lime sludge contaminated with phenols - a significant environmental concern. This study explores phenol extraction technologies leveraging phenolic acidity and molecular polarity to address these limitations. A novel method for dephenolizing coal tar heavy fractions without alkali was developed, yielding wash oil suitable for captu

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Agamaliyev, Zaur Z., Vagif M. Abbasov, Chingiz K. Rasulov, Igrar G. Nazarov, Nigar Sh Rzaeva, and Mehriban V. Naghiyeva. "SYNTHESIS OF SPATIALLY-HINDERED METHYLCYCLOALKYLPHENOLS AND SOME PECULIARITIES OF THEIR AMINOMETHYLATION REACTIONS BY AMINOETHYLNONYLIMIDAZOLINE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 2 (2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196202.5786.

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The paper deals with the results of cycloalkylation of phenol with 1-methylcyclopentene, 1(3)-methylcyclohexene in the presence of aluminum phenolate catalyst and influence of various parameters on the yield of the target product. The reaction temperature was varied from 220 to 280 °C, the reaction time - from 1 to 7 h, molar ratio of phenol to cyclene – from 1:1 to 1:3 mol/mol, the catalyst amount – from 10 to 25%. Maximum yield of 2,6-di[1(3)-methylcycloalkyl]phenols is obtained under the following conditions: temperature - 260-280 °C, duration - 5-6 h, molar ratio of phenol to 1(3)-methylcy

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R., S. Talegaonkar, and S. Burghate A. "pH-metric studies on formation constants of the complexes of substituted thiazolyl Schiff's bases with some lanthanide metal ions." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 89, Nov 2012 (2012): 1585–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5771932.

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Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati-444 603, Maharashtra, India <em>E-mail</em> : rupaliyeotikar@gmail.com Manuscript received 22 September 2011, revised 08 February 2012, accepted 09 February 2012 The stability constants of the complexes of La<sup>llI</sup>, Pr<sup>lll</sup> and Sm<sup>III</sup> with 2-[3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-1-(4-phenyl-thiazol-2-yllmino )-allyl]-4-methyl phenol, 2-[3-pheny 1-1-( 4-pheny 1-thiazol-2-ylim ino )-allyl]-4-methy 1-phenol and 2-[3-( 4- chlorophenyl)-1-(4-phenyl-thiazol-2-ylimino)-allyl]-4-methyl-phenol have been determined

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Freire, Layla F. A., Fabiana Valéria da Fonseca, Lidia Yokoyama, and Luiz Alberto Cesar Teixeira. "Study of solar photo-Fenton system applied to removal of phenol from water." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 5 (2014): 780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.286.

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This study evaluated the use of a Fenton's reaction in a falling film solar reactor (FFR), as a possible advanced oxidation process for the mineralization of the organic compound phenol in water. Preliminary tests were carried out to evaluate phenol degradation by photolysis and to select the optimal residence time in which to carry out the process using a solar photo-Fenton system. The variables studied were the initial phenol concentration (100 to 300 mg L−1), the [Phenol]:[H2O2] mass ratio (1.0 to 2.0) and the [H2O2]/[Fe2+] molar ratio (5 to 10). Phenol degradation of 99% and chemical oxyge

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Xia, Zilei, Jiadong Hu, Zhigao Shen, Qizheng Yao, and Weiqing Xie. "Re2O7catalyzed dienone-phenol rearrangement." RSC Advances 5, no. 48 (2015): 38499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra04931h.

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Kiss, László, and Sándor Kunsági-Máté. "Effect of Anodic Pretreatment on the Performance of Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acetonitrile and Electrooxidation of Para-substituted Phenols in Acetonitrile on Platinum and Glassy Carbon Electrode." Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering 65, no. 1 (2019): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppch.14311.

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In the first part of the work electropolymerisation of phenol was studied at glassy carbon electrode. Rapid fouling of its surface indicated the formation of coherent poly(phenyleneoxide) layer which was demonstrated by the repeated cyclic voltammetric scans. Effect of anodic pretreatment potential in acetonitrile solvent was also investigated and the results showed that at potentials higher than 2 V glassy carbon electrode becomes deactivated. Preanodisation of glassy carbon electrode at 3 V in acetonitrile resulted in diminished anodic peak currents by phenols. It was due to the partial deac

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Badmaev , O. V. "Phenol content in the marine environments of the coastal waters in Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea." Izvestiya TINRO 204, no. 3 (2024): 609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2024-204-609-628.

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Total content of phenols in seawater and bottom sediments of some water areas in Peter the Great Bay in 1998–2022 is considered. Mean annual values of phenol concentration exceeded the maximum allowable level for the water of fishing grounds but were comparable with the background concentrations in water and bottom sediments. Peaks of phenol concentration were usually observed in the estuaries of rivers, so the rivers are considered as the main source of phenol pollution: the Razdolnaya in the Amur Bay, the Shkotovka and Artemovka in the Ussuri Bay, and the Obyasnenie in the Zolotoy Rog Bay. O

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Tareq, Shafi M., and Keiichi Ohta. "Lignin and Isotope Signatures in Pollen: A Caveat of Lignin Phenol Biomarker for Reconstructing Paleovegetation." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 12, no. 1 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-2015-12_1_02.

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Lignin phenol and stable isotope have been used as a biomarker to trace the sources of sedimentary organic matter (SOM), reconstruction of paleovegetation and climate changes without considering the possible occurrence of fossil pollen grain in sedimentary matrix. Lignin phenol analysis of modern pollen showed that both gymnosperm and angiosperm pollen yielded very high concentration of cinnamyl (C) phenols as compared to that of vanillyl (V) and syringyl (S) phenols (C/V=3.05–23.67) with variation in isotopic compositions (δ $^{13}$ =−20.2 to −28.3‰ and δ $^{15}$ N =−9.2 to 1.7‰). Therefore t

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Mishra, Vinod Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Sumit Kunar Verma, and Uttam Kumar. "Screening and evaluation of phenol utilization and growth in Acinetobacter baumannii W29 of wastewater." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15, no. 1 (2023): 280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i1.3478.

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Phenols are ubiquitous pollutants, mainly from industrial effluent, causing pollution of natural water resources. The research focused on screening efficient phenol-degrading bacteria and kinetic modelling of phenol biodegradation and growth. Membrane filtration was used for the isolation of bacteria from the wastewater sample. The screening of phenol-degrading bacteria was based on the efficiency of phenol utilization. The strain with efficient phenol degradation capacity was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and designated Acinetobacter baumannii W29. Biomass growth and phenol utilization

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du Plessis, Heinrich W., Justin W. Hoff, Lucky Mokwena, Marieta van der Rijst, and Neil P. Jolly. "Impact of Yeast Selection on Volatile Phenol Levels of Wines Produced from Smoked-Exposed Juice." Fermentation 7, no. 4 (2021): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040240.

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Grapes exposed to smoke can result in wines that have unacceptable high levels of volatile phenols. High volatile phenols levels have a negative impact on wine quality. This study aimed to determine the levels of volatile phenols in wines produced from smoke-exposed juice by a selection of commercial wine yeasts and to determine if yeast selection affected the perception of smokiness in wine. Commercial white and red wine yeasts were screened for the production of volatile phenols in smoke-exposed Chenin Blanc and Merlot juice. Volatile phenol levels were determined by GC-MS/MS and wines were

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Gulyaev, Vitalii, Alla Kovalenko, Dmytro Yelatontsev, and Volodymyr Dyachenko. "ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT FROM PHENOLS AND THEIR TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN." Collection of scholarly papers of Dniprovsk State Technical University (Technical Sciences) 1, no. 44 (2024): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2519-2884.44.2024.21.

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The article deals with the negative impact on the human body of one of the most common environmental pollutants – phenol. This pollutant enters surface waters with the wastewater from the oil refining, oil shale processing, timber, coke and paint industries. Phenol is widely used in many industries (light, medical, chemical, etc.). However, despite this, phenol is a hazardous toxic substance that requires safety precautions and personal protective equipment during production and use. Given the danger posed by phenol and its compounds, the article provides information on the effects of these su

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Kerton, Francesca M., Stacey Holloway, Angela Power, et al. "Accelerated syntheses of amine-bis(phenol) ligands in polyethylene glycol or “on water” under microwave irradiation." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 86, no. 5 (2008): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-043.

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Pure amine-bis(phenol) ligands are readily accessible in high yield, often >90%, when the Mannich condensation reactions are performed “on water” or in poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG). Microwave-assisted synthesis dramatically reduces the time and energy required to prepare these molecules, typically from 24 h to 5 min. The approach seems to be widely applicable (7 amines and 5 phenols were tested to yield a diverse set of bis(phenol) ligands). Significant improvements in yield were observed for ligands derived from di-tert-amyl and di-tert-butyl phenols, possibly resulting from a hydrophobic ef

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Mahiudddin, Md, A. N. M. Fakhruddin, and Abdullah-Al-Mahin. "Degradation of Phenol via Meta Cleavage Pathway by Pseudomonas fluorescens PU1." ISRN Microbiology 2012 (January 23, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/741820.

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Degradation of phenolics by members of soil microflora is an important means by which these substances are removed from the environment thus reducing environmental pollution. Biodegradation by microorganisms offers unique opportunities to destroy or render phenolic compounds. A bacterium, PU1, identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens PU1, was investigated for its ability to grow on and degrade phenols as sole carbon sources in aerobic shaking batch culture. The organism degraded up to 1000 ppm of phenol using meta cleavage pathway. The pathways for phenol degradation were proposed by the identifi

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Yin, Jun, Yuan Ming Wang, and Jian Hui Wang. "Determination of Alkaline Phosphatase in Activated Sludge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.643.

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Experiment disodium phenyl phosphate as a reaction basic, stromal hydrolysis produce phenol, the amount of phenol indirectly indicates the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase.Experiment by absorption wavelength, activated sludge volume, disodium phenyl phosphate, aluminum sulfate, reagent, temperature and other factors affecting the determination of Alkaline Phosphatase were studied.The experiments optimal reaction conditions initially identified. At 37°C, when activated sludge volume of 5mL, 15mL disodium phenyl phosphate absorbance measured at the maximum value, highest levels of Alkaline Phosp

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Rasulov, Chingiz K., Zaur Z. Aghamaliyev, Mekhriban V. Nagiyeva, Gulshan D. Gasanova, and Fatma I. Gasimova. "SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF 2-HYDROXY-5[1(3)-METHYLCYCLOALKYL]-BENZYLAMINOETHYLNONYLIMIDAZOLINES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 64, no. 4 (2021): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216404.6265.

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The paper deals with the results of cycloalkylation of phenol with 1-methylcyclopentene, 1(3)-methylcyclohexene in the presence of KU-23 catalyst and influence of various parameters on the yield of the target product. The reaction temperature was varied from 80 to 140 °C, the reaction time - from 2 to 8 h, molar ratio of phenol to cyclene – from 1:2 to 2:1 mol/mol, the catalyst amount – from 5 to 15%. Maximum yield of para-[1(3)-methylcycloalkyl] phenols is obtained under the following conditions: temperature – 110-120 °C, duration – 5-6 h, molar ratio of phenol to 1(3)-methylcycloalkene – 1:1

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Yang, Keyan, Jingchen Xing, Jianmin Chang, et al. "Sodium Lignosulfonate Modified Polystyrene for the Removal of Phenol from Wastewater." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112496.

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An eco-friendly and novel water treatment material was synthesized using sodium lignosulfonate modified polystyrene (SLPS), which can be used to eliminate phenols in aqueous solution. SLPS was characterized by BET, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. The effect of the initial pH value, phenol content, adsorption time, and temperature on the absorbability of phenol in SLPS was investigated through adsorption experiments. It was found that SLPS could efficiently adsorb phenol in aqueous solution at a pH value of about 7. The test results revealed that the kinetic adsorption and isotherm adsorption could be succ

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Xu, Kangming, Qiaoman Hu, Junhui Wang, Hongdi Zhou, and Jinlei Chen. "Towards a Stable and High-Performance Hindered Phenol/Polymer-Based Damping Material Through Structure Optimization and Damping Mechanism Revelation." Polymers 11, no. 5 (2019): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050884.

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Although hindered phenol/polymer-based hybrid damping materials, with excellent damping performance, attract more and more attention, the poor stability of hindered phenol limits the application of such promising materials. To solve this problem, a linear hindered phenol with amorphous state and low polarity was synthesized and related polyurethane-based hybrid materials were prepared in this study. The structure and state of the hindered phenol were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The existence of i

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Wahdaningsih, Sri, Shoma Rizkifani, Eka Kartika Untari, and William Rinaldi. "Effect of Drying Method on Levels of Antioxidant Activity, Total Flavonoid Levels, and Total Phenol Levels in Ethanol Extract of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana) Leaves." Majalah Obat Tradisional 28, no. 1 (2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mot.80085.

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The drying process can affect the content of seconder metabolites such as flavonoids and phenols in plants. The content of flavonoids and phenols plays an important role in the antioxidant activity of a plant. This study aims to determine the effect of drying methods using sunlight and oven on antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, and total phenols. Measurement of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method with vitamin C as a standard, total flavonoid levels using quercetin as a standard, and total phenol using gallic acid as a standard were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The res

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