Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Phenolic fractions / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Phenolic fractions.

Journal articles on the topic 'Phenolic fractions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Phenolic fractions.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Arfan, M., H. Amin, M. Karamać, A. Kosińska, W. Wiczkowski, and R. Amarowicz. "Antioxidant activity of phenolic fractions of Mallotus philippinensis bark extract." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, No. 2 (2009): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1056-cjfs.

Full text

Abstract:

Phenolic compounds were extracted from <I>Mallotus philippinensi</I> bark using methanol. Six fractions (I–VI) were separated from the extract on a Sephadex LH-20 column using ethanol and acetone-water as the mobile phases and were evaluated for their total antioxidant activity, antiradical activity against DPPH<sup>•</sup> (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical), and reducing power. The total phenolics and tannin contents in the fractions were determined. The content of total phenolics in the fractions ranged from 54 mg/g (fraction I) to 927 mg/g (fraction VI). Condens

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Diharmi, Andarini, Rahel Eriani Maria Manurung, and Edison Edison. "Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Alfa Glukosidase dari Fraksi Berbeda Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum sp.)." Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pertanian Indonesia 17, no. 1 (2025): 18–26. https://doi.org/10.17969/jtipi.v17i1.33228.

Full text

Abstract:

Sargassum sp. is one of the brown seaweed that contains bioactive compounds, which have antioxidant and alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity. This research aimed to determine the rendemen, secondary metabolic, total phenolic, antioxidant, and alpha glucosidase inhibitor from the extract and fractions of Sargassum sp. The research method used was an experiment by extracting Sargassum sp with methanol and the extract were fractionated with different polarity solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol). Data were analyzed descriptively. The analysis parameters consisted of rendemen, secondary

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Zhang, Xuan, Yijia Jia, Yanli Ma, Guiguang Cheng, and Shengbao Cai. "Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Inhibition toward Digestive Enzymes with Molecular Docking Analysis of Different Fractions from Prinsepia utilis Royle Fruits." Molecules 23, no. 12 (2018): 3373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123373.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study investigated the phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of different fractions from Prinsepia utilis Royle fruits using molecular docking analysis to delineate their inhibition toward digestive enzymes. A total of 20 phenolics was identified and quantified. Rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were the major phenolic compounds in the total phenolic fraction and flavonoid-rich fraction. The anthocyanin-rich fraction mainly contained cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside. All of the fractions exhibited strong radical scavenging acti

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Syukur, Mighfar, Masitoh Suryaning Prahasiwi, Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah, Sapto Yuliani, Yuliana Purwaningsih, and Erwin Indriyanti. "Profiling of Active Compounds of Extract Ethanol, n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Fraction Ethanol of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) and Determination of Total Flavonoids, Total Phenolics and Their Potential as Antioxidants." Science and Technology Indonesia 8, no. 2 (2023): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/sti.2023.8.2.219-226.

Full text

Abstract:

Profiling of chemical compounds on star anise extract and fractions showed the content and looked for active compounds. The main compounds in alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, and triterpenoid forms were identified based on phytochemical screening. FTIR and GC-MS analysis were used to purify the extract and fractions’ main compounds. After analyzing the main components of extract and fractions, a correlation was made between the total phenolic and flavonoid content. The total phenolic content was determined by adding folincalteau complexing solution converted to gallic acid equivalen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bajpai, Monika, Madhusudan S, and Sibi G. "Standardized method to extract phenolic compounds from Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (Jarul) for enhanced antioxidant activity." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, no. 3 (2021): 1041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i3.2870.

Full text

Abstract:

Phenolic compounds contribute to the antioxidant property of plants and the efficient extraction of plant phenolics could enhance its antioxidant potential. Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. has been investigated for its pharmacological activities, but comparing its antioxidant activities of phenolics derived from its various parts has a key role in developing natural antioxidants. This study was conducted to standardize the extraction of phenolics from leaves, pods and branches of L. speciosa plant, followed by determination of antioxidant activities of their solvent fractions. Phenolic compo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Mai Phuong, Thuy, Hong Do Thi, Mai Le Thi Tuyet та Hoa Le Thi Phuong. "VIETNAMESE Phellinus baumii FRUITING BODY, A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANT AND α-AMYLASE INHIBITORY AGENTS". Journal of Science Natural Science 66, № 3 (2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2021-0054.

Full text

Abstract:

n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions from methanol extract of Vietnamese Phellinus baumii fruiting body consisted of phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Ethyl acetate and butanol fractions showed a high level of total phenolics. Ethyl acetate fractions possessed the highest phenolic content (532.96 ± 19.95 mg GAE\g), accounting for approximately 53% fraction dry weight. Free radical DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging capacity of all fractions correlated with their total phenolic content. Ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest capacity with an IC50 value of 0.0

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Lin, Xue, Yousheng Shi, Pan Wen, Xiaoping Hu, and Lu Wang. "Free, Conjugated, and Bound Phenolics in Peel and Pulp from Four Wampee Varieties: Relationship between Phenolic Composition and Bio-Activities by Multivariate Analysis." Antioxidants 11, no. 9 (2022): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091831.

Full text

Abstract:

Free, conjugated, and bound phenolic fractions of peel and pulp in four wampee varieties from South China were analyzed for their contents, composition, antioxidant capacities, and inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. We found that there were significant differences in phenolic/flavonoid contents among diverse varieties and different parts (peel and pulp), and the contents were highest in the peel’s bound form. The results of UHPL-Q-Exactive HF-X and HPLC showed that chlorogenic acid, gentisic acid, and rutin were abundantly distributed over the three phenolic fractions in peel and pul

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hikmawanti, Ni Putu Ermi, Agustin Yumita, Muhammad Rafiq, and Lusiana Lusiana. "Phenolics and Flavonoids Content of Wijaya Kusuma Leaves Fractions using Micro-plate Based Assay." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (2023): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v10i1.35828.

Full text

Abstract:

Epiphyllum oxypetalum (DC.) or Wijaya Kusuma (Cactaceae) is an ornamental plant which is knownto contain polyphenol compounds. The purpose to determine the levels of total phenolic and flavonoidcompounds in the fractions of Wijaya Kusuma leaves using microplate-based assay. Each sample wasdetermined phenolic content with Folin-ciocalteu reagent and flavonoid content using AlCl3 on themicroplate. Absorption was measured using a microplate reader. Screening of DPPH radical scavengingactivity was identified using the TLC method. The results showed that the extract and fractions ofthe leaves of Wi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Toledo-Merma, Pamela Ruth, María Fernanda Arias-Santé, Miguel Ángel Rincón-Cervera, et al. "Phenolic Fractions from Walnut Milk Residue: Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Potential." Plants 13, no. 24 (2024): 3473. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13243473.

Full text

Abstract:

Walnut milk residues (WMR) were investigated for the first time through their phenolic characterization including soluble (free, esterified, and etherified) phenolics and those released from their insoluble-bound form (insoluble-bound phenolic hydrolysates, IBPHs) and their antioxidant properties. Free phenolics were recovered and alkaline or acid hydrolysis were used to recover the remaining phenolic fractions. Total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and their antioxidant activity were analyzed by Folin–Ciocalteu, FRAP, and ORAC methods, respectively. Soluble phenolics (free + esterified + etherified

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Menkovic, Nebojsa, Jelena Zivkovic, Katarina Savikin, Dejan Godjevac, and Gordana Zdunic. "Phenolic composition and free radical scavenging activity of wine produced from Serbian autochtonous grape variety Prokupac: A model approach." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, no. 1 (2014): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc130511089m.

Full text

Abstract:

Phenolic compounds are very important quality parameters of wine because of their impact on colour, taste and health properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the general phenolic composition and free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and organic fractions obtained using liquid/liquid extractions from red wine produced from Serbian autochtonous grape variety Prokupac. Total phenolic contents in different fractions ranged from 48.22 to 289.12 mg GAE/g dry fraction. Phenolic acids (mainly hydroxycinnamic acids) and quercetin-3-glucuronide were the main components of the EtOAc fraction

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Kaboré, Kayaba, Crépin Ibingou Dibala, Hemayoro Sama, Mamounata Diao, Marius K. Somda, and Mamoudou H. Dicko. "Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Potential, and Antimicrobial Activity of Uvaria chamae (Annonaceae), a Food Plant from Burkina Faso." Biochemistry Research International 2024 (March 26, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/1289859.

Full text

Abstract:

The study aimed to evaluate phenolic content and antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of the fractions of the hydroethanolic extract of Uvaria chamae leaves, a food plant from Burkina Faso. Thus, the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions of the hydroalcoholic extract after drying were used to determine phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potential on strains of pathogenic bacteria responsible for food contamination. Phytochemical analyses were performed according to standardized methods, while antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Zhou, Qingfeng, Jiexin Zhou, Xiaojing Liu, Yan-Bing Zhang, and Shengbao Cai. "Digestive Enzyme Inhibition of Different Phenolic Fractions and Main Phenolic Compounds of Ultra-High-Pressure-Treated Palm Fruits: Interaction and Molecular Docking Analyses." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (August 3, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8811597.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of different phenolic extracts from non- and ultra-high-pressure- (UHP-) treated palm fruits and their main phenolic compounds against pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase and to further analyze the interaction and inhibitory mechanisms of two main phenolics (caffeic acid and catechin). Results showed that the free, esterified, and insoluble-bound phenolic fractions from the non- and UHP-treated fruits demonstrated good inhibitory effects towards two enzymes. The insoluble-bound phenolic fraction, regardless of UHP treatment

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Saleem, Asif, Umer Younas, Syed Majid Bukhari, et al. "Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of different solvent fractions from Murraya koenigii shoots: HPLC quantification And molecular docking of identified phenolics with anti-apoptotic proteins." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 36, no. 3 (2022): 651–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i3.14.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT. Murraya koenigii is known for its health benefits against constipation, diarrhea, bacterial infections, wounds and skin related diseases. Aim of this project is to determine cytotoxic aptitude of antioxidant compounds present in M. koenigii. The fractionation of M. koenigii shoots methanol extract was carried out with different solvents followed by determination of total phenolic content, radical scavenging potential along with phenolic profile. M. koenigii shoot fractions were analyzed for their cytotoxic potential by MTT assay besides evaluating molecular interactions between ident

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Mohammed, Muthanna J., Uttpal Anand, Ammar B. Altemimi, Vijay Tripathi, Yigong Guo, and Anubhav Pratap-Singh. "Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antibacterial Activity of White Wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba)." Plants 10, no. 1 (2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010164.

Full text

Abstract:

Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Wormwood) is a wild aromatic herb that is popular for its healing and medicinal effects and has been used in conventional as well as modern medicine. This research aimed at the extraction, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of wormwood using Soxhlet extraction, as well as characterizing their antimicrobial and anitoxidant effects. The phenolic compounds were identified in different extracts by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high performance liquid chromatography. Five different fractions, two fro

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kurniawan, K., and A. Rahmat. "Determination of antioxidant activity, total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents from avocado seeds (Persea americana)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1201, no. 1 (2023): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1201/1/012098.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this study, the antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and total flavonoids of avocado seed extract were determined. The evaluation was observed towards methanol and ethyl acetate fractions by using the spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant activity of the avocado seed extract was determined by calculating the 50% of inhibition concentration of free radical scavenging activity towards DPPH radicals. The results showed that the IC50 of methanol and ethyl acetate fractions were 66 mg/mL and 63 mg/mL, respectively. The total phenolic content of the methanol fraction and the ethyl

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Amarowicz, R., M. Karamać, and S. Weidner. "Antioxidant activity of phenolic fraction of pea (Pisum sativum)." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 19, No. 4 (2013): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6597-cjfs.

Full text

Abstract:

An extract of seeds of pea was prepared using 80% (v/v) acetone. Six fractions (I&ndash;VI) were separated from the crude extract on a Sephadex LH-20 column using methanol as the mobile phase. The antioxidant activity of fractions was investigated in a &beta;-carotene-linoleate model system. For individual fractions, UV spectra were recorded and the content of total phenolics was determined. Results of the &beta;-carotene-linoleate model system indicated that antioxidant activities of separated fractions correlated with their content of total phenolic compounds and they decreased i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Zhu, Huilan, Sixin Liu, Linling Yao, Lu Wang та Congfa Li. "Free and Bound Phenolics of Buckwheat Varieties: HPLC Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, and Inhibitory Potency towards α-Glucosidase with Molecular Docking Analysis". Antioxidants 8, № 12 (2019): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8120606.

Full text

Abstract:

Free and bound phenolic fractions from six buckwheat varieties were investigated for their compositions, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. The results showed that different buckwheat varieties have significant differences in phenolic/flavonoid contents, and these contents were found in higher quantities in free form than in bound form. HPLC results revealed that rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside were the most abundant components in free and bound forms, whereas dihydromyricetin was found only in the bound form. Free phenolics showed higher antioxida

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Vilkickyte, Gabriele, Lina Raudone, and Vilma Petrikaite. "Phenolic Fractions from Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. and Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities Assessment." Antioxidants 9, no. 12 (2020): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121261.

Full text

Abstract:

Lingonberry leaves and fruits are associated with a range of potential bioactivities related to their phenolic content and composition, but the identification of major biological activity markers remains limited. The present study aimed at the isolation of lingonberry phenolic fractions and biological activity evaluation of them. Crude dry extracts of lingonberry leaves and fruits were fractionated by chromatography using Sephadex LH-20 and analyzed by validated HPLC-PDA method. For each fraction, the anticancer activity against human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CaKi-1), human colon adeno

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

da Costa, Guilherme Augusto Ferreira, Melissa Grazielle Morais, Aline Aparecida Saldanha, et al. "Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Leaves ofSolanum lycocarpumA. St. Hil. (Solanaceae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/315987.

Full text

Abstract:

Ethanol extract and fractions obtained from leaves ofSolanum lycocarpumwere examined in order to determine their phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic potential. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD analysis indicated that the flavonoids apigenin and kaempferol were the main phenolic compounds present in dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, respectively. The antioxidant activity was significantly more pronounced for dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and hydroethanol fractions than that of the commercial antioxidant 2,6-di-te

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Oyinloye, Oladapo Elijah, A. A. Murtala, F. A. Oladoja, O. L. Okunye, A. A. Aderinola, and E. O. Kasumu. "Evaluation of phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents and in vitro antioxidant activities of Mucuna pruriens fractions leaves." Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics 22, no. 1 (2023): 1017–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jopat.v22i1.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Mucuna pruriens is a tropical annual climbing legume plant used in traditional medicine systems to treat diabetes, arthritis, dysentery, hematinics, inflammation, and cardiovascular conditions. The present study investigates the phytochemical constituents, phenolic contents and in vitro, antioxidant potentials of M. pruriens leaf fractions using spectrophotometric methods. Phytochemical screening of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions of M. pruriens was determined using standard methods. The antioxidant activities of the fractions were assessed against total phenolic cont

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Rodríguez Márquez, Manuel, Guillermo Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Marianela Giménez, et al. "Obtaining Phenolic-Enriched Liquid Fractions and Compostable Pomace for Agriculture from Alperujo Using Standard Two-Phase Olive Oil Mill Equipment." Agriculture 14, no. 8 (2024): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14081427.

Full text

Abstract:

Olive oil extraction by two-phase systems generates a by-product called “alperujo” which presents several difficulties for its valorization. The present work evaluated an industrial approach, based on the application of thermal treatments to alperujo followed by solid/liquid separation using standard two-phase olive oil mill equipment. Treatments consisted of the thermo-malaxation of alperujo at 70 °C for 45 or 90 min, with or without acid addition, followed by solid/liquid separation in an industrial decanter. The solid was characterized concerning subsequent use for composting, while total a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Varalakshmi B., Jannathul Firdous, Manikandan R., et al. "Antibiofilm Efficacy of Phenolic Rich Fraction from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Bark against Pseudomonas aeruginosa." International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research 08, no. 01 (2025): 89–99. https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2025.v08i01.008.

Full text

Abstract:

Microbial biofilms augment the antibiotic the resistance of bacteria and poses challenges to treating chronic infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an effective biofilm-forming bacterium, causes a variety of serious pathogenic manifestations including deadly lung, skin, and urinary tract infections. This study was carried out to investigate the anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activity of phenolic compounds in Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark against P. aeruginosa. This study comprised the estimation of total phenolics in C. zeylanicum bark the methanolic extract, with column the chromatographic i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Waszkowiak, Katarzyna, Beata Mikołajczak, Katarzyna Polanowska, et al. "Protein Fractions from Flaxseed: The Effect of Subsequent Extractions on Composition and Antioxidant Capacity." Antioxidants 12, no. 3 (2023): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030675.

Full text

Abstract:

Flaxseed proteins exhibit functionalities interesting for the food industry, including antioxidant capacity. Antioxidant activity depends on the protein composition and the presence of phenolic compounds extracted with them from the matrix. The research focused on the effect of subsequent protein extractions (water, salt and alkaline) of flaxseed meals (of three cultivars) on the protein fraction composition and its relations to antioxidant capacity. The protein and phenolic profiles and antioxidant functionalities (in antiradical ORAC and emulsion assays) were analysed. Spectroscopic characte

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Mecha, Elsa, Susana T. Leitão, Bruna Carbas, et al. "Characterization of Soaking Process’ Impact in Common Beans Phenolic Composition: Contribute from the Unexplored Portuguese Germplasm." Foods 8, no. 8 (2019): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8080296.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite the common beans’ nutritional and phytochemical value, in Portugal its consumption decreased more than 50% in the last decade. The present study aimed to characterize phenolic composition of the Portuguese traditional varieties and corresponding soaked seed fractions (including soaking water). With such purpose, the phenolic composition (total content of soluble phenolics, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins) and in vitro antioxidant activity were evaluated in the raw whole flour of 31 Portuguese common bean varieties. The phenolic composition of the soaked fractions was respectively com

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Staszowska-Karkut, Monika, Barbara Chilczuk, Małgorzata Materska, Renata Kontek, and Beata Marciniak. "Phenolic Compounds in Fractionated Blackcurrant Leaf Extracts in Relation to the Biological Activity of the Extracts." Molecules 28, no. 22 (2023): 7459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227459.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant and anticancer properties of extracts from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) leaves and their fractions and chemical contents. Dried ethanolic extract was divided into three fractions using solid phase extraction: aqueous (F1), 40% MeOH (F2), and 70% MeOH (F3). Both the extract and the fractions were analyzed in terms of antiradical activity (DPPH• and ABTS+•), total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids. The antitumor potential of the fractions was evaluated in vitro on human colorectal (HCT 116) and prostate (PC-3) c

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Zehfus, Lily R., Zoe E. Gillespie, Carla Almendáriz-Palacios, Nicholas H. Low, and Christopher H. Eskiw. "Haskap Berry Phenolic Subclasses Differentially Impact Cellular Stress Sensing in Primary and Immortalized Dermal Fibroblasts." Cells 10, no. 10 (2021): 2643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10102643.

Full text

Abstract:

It is generally accepted that dietary phenolics from fruits are of significant importance to human health. Unfortunately, there is minimal published data on how differences in phenolic structure(s) impact biological pathways at cellular and molecular levels. We observed that haskap berry extracts isolated with ethanol:formic acid:water or phenolic subclass fractions separated using different concentrations of ethanol (40% and 100%) impacted cell growth in a positive manner. All fractions and extracts significantly increased population doubling times. All extracts and fractions reduced intracel

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Senevirathne, Mahinda, Soo-Hyun Kim, Nalin Siriwardhana, Jin-Hwan Ha, Ki-Wan Lee, and You-Jin Jeon. "Antioxidant Potential of Ecklonia cavaon Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, Metal Chelating, Reducing Power and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition." Food Science and Technology International 12, no. 1 (2006): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013206062422.

Full text

Abstract:

The antioxidative potential of different fractions (respective organic and aqueous fractions of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) of 70% methanol extract of Ecklonia cava(a brown seaweed) was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, ferrous ion chelating, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition (conjugated diene hydroperoxide and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances production) assays. The 70% methanol extract showed significant (p< 0.05) activities in all antioxidant assays and contained a h

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Gan, Ren-You, Wing-Yee Lui, Ming-Fu Wang, Harold Corke, and Zhong-Quan Sui. "Accumulation of solvent-soluble and solvent-insoluble antioxidant phenolics in edible bean sprouts: implication of germination." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 6, no. 8 (2016): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v6i8.273.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Edible bean sprouts are popular fresh vegetables widely recognized for their nutritional quality. However, while their antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition in both solvent-soluble and solvent-insoluble extracts has not been systematically evaluated. Methods: The antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition in both solvent-soluble and solvent-insoluble fractions of 12 cultivars of edible bean sprouts were evaluated, and relationships of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content were also analyzed. Results: Sprouts demonstrated a wide range of antioxidant capacity and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Machado, Patrícia Gotardo, Danielle Santos Londero, Milene Teixeira Barcia, and Cristiano Augusto Ballus. "Exploring Anthocyanin and Free and Bound Phenolic Compounds from Two Morphotypes of Araçá (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) by LC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS." Foods 12, no. 17 (2023): 3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12173230.

Full text

Abstract:

Araçá is a Brazilian native fruit belonging to the Myrtaceae family. Although some studies already prove its health benefits, it is still necessary to explore the phenolic compounds in all its parts separately. This study aimed to investigate the free, esterified, glycosylated, and insoluble phenolics in two morphotypes of araçá, red and yellow, evaluating peel, pulp, and seed separately, using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS). Fourteen phenolics and five anthocyanins were quantified in both morphotypes. The peels presented the highest contents, followed by

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Magnucka, Elżbieta G., Grzegorz Kulczycki, Henryk Bujak, and Stanisław J. Pietr. "Genotype and Environment Shape the Free and Bound Phenolics and Lipid Content in Oat (Avena sativa L.) Grains." Agronomy 15, no. 6 (2025): 1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15061400.

Full text

Abstract:

Oat grains contain antioxidants, such as phenolics, with beneficial health properties. This study aimed to assess the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the content of free and bound phenolic compounds, their antioxidant capacities, and lipid levels in naked and hulled oat varieties grown in various Polish locations over two crop years. The genotype explained the largest variance in all measured parameters, although environmental factors also influenced these traits. The year of cultivation primarily affected free phenolics and their antioxidant activity, while growth location inf

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Liu, Xiaojing, Ou Wang, Jiexin Zhou, and Shengbao Cai. "Different Phenolic Extracts of Oil Palm Fruits and Caffeic Acid Prevent Palmitic Acid-Induced Lipotoxicity in HepG2 Cells via Improving Mitochondrial Function." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (August 3, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8827707.

Full text

Abstract:

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fruits are rich in antioxidative phenolic compounds, which exert various health improving effects. This study aimed to comparatively study the protective effects of different phenolic fractions from the fruits treated with or without ultrahigh pressure (UHP) and their most abundant phenolic substance, caffeic acid, against the palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells and to clarify the potential mechanisms. Results showed that the TG accumulation, intracellular reactive oxygen species content, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential depo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Kostić, Aleksandar Ž., Danijel D. Milinčić, Bojana Špirović Trifunović, et al. "Monofloral Corn Poppy Bee-Collected Pollen—A Detailed Insight into Its Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties." Antioxidants 12, no. 7 (2023): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071424.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to compile a detailed phytochemical profile and assess the antioxidant properties of bee-collected pollen (PBP) obtained from corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.) plants. To achieve this, a lipid fraction was prepared for quantifying fatty acids using GC-FID. Extractable and alkaline-hydrolysable PBP fractions (obtained from a defatted sample) were used to determine the qualitative and quantitative profiles of phenolic compounds, phenylamides and alkaloids using UHPLC/Q-ToF-MS. Additionally, various spectrophotometric assays (TAC, FRP, CUPRAC, DPPH⦁) were conducted to evalu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Widodo, H., Sismindari, W. Asmara, and Abdul Rohman. "Antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and its fractions of Baccaurea racemosa and Macaranga subpeltata leaves." Food Research 4, no. 1 (2019): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(1).144.

Full text

Abstract:

Oxidative stress, the excessive presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is suggested as a basal cause of aging as well as various degenerative and chronic diseases in human. Antioxidants are believed to play a very vital role in the body defense system against ROS. Plant-based antioxidants with their prominence have gained tremendous worldwide interest nowadays. Baccaurea racemosa and Macaraanga subpeltata are among ethnomedical used plants for liver diseases medication which have potential source as natural antioxidants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ru, Pang, Gan, Liu, and Bao. "Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Potato Cultivars with White, Yellow, Red and Purple Flesh." Antioxidants 8, no. 10 (2019): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100419.

Full text

Abstract:

The contents of total phenolics (TPC), individual phenolic acid and antioxidant activities in the free and bound fractions of potato with different flesh colors were systematically investigated. The TPC and antioxidant capacity in the bound fraction was significantly lower than that in the free fraction. Chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid were detected in the free fraction with chlorogenic acid being the most predominant, accounting for 35.21–81.78% of the total content. Caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid we

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kogoya, Erince, Eva Susanty Simaremare, Ebrahim Sadaqa, Erpina Santi Meliana Nadeak, and Septiani Mangiwa. "Determination of total contents of flavonoids and phenolic fractions Pandanus julianettii Martelli." Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 22, no. 2 (2024): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.21315/mjps2024.22.2.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Pandanus julianettii Martelli is a type of plant endemic to mountainous areas in Papua that has long been used by people as a food ingredient. P. julianetti contains nutrients such as vitamin E, vitamin C, crude fiber, protein, carotene and fat; however, the research about the fruit is limited. The aim of this research is to carry out phytochemical screening tests and determine the total levels of flavonoids and phenolics of this pandanous in fruit. The method began with the extraction simplicia using ethanol, followed by fractionation using three variations of solvent: n-hexane, ethyl acetate

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Yu, Miao, Lingguang Yang, Qiang Xue, Peipei Yin, Liwei Sun, and Yujun Liu. "Comparison of Free, Esterified, and Insoluble-Bound Phenolics and Their Bioactivities in Three Organs of Lonicera japonica and L. macranthoides." Molecules 24, no. 5 (2019): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24050970.

Full text

Abstract:

Dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica and L. macranthoides have long been used as herbs in numerous Chinese traditional medicines. Comparisons of three phenolic fractions (i.e., free, esterified, and insoluble-bound phenolics) in three different organs (i.e., flower, leaf, and stem) of the two species revealed that the free phenolics were the highest in terms of total phenol and total flavonoid content, composed of the most numerous phenolics and flavonoids; thus, they exhibited the most excellent antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoli

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Sławińska, Natalia, Magdalena Kluska, Barbara Moniuszko-Szajwaj, Anna Stochmal, Katarzyna Woźniak, and Beata Olas. "New Aspect of Composition and Biological Properties of Glechoma hederacea L. Herb: Detailed Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticoagulant Activity and Toxicity in Selected Human Cells and Plasma In Vitro." Nutrients 15, no. 7 (2023): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071671.

Full text

Abstract:

It is known that phenolic compounds can alleviate the negative impact of oxidative stress and modulate hemostasis. However, the effect of extracts and phenolics from Glechoma hederacea L. on the biomarkers of these processes is not well documented. The aim of our study was to investigate the in vitro protective effects of one extract and three fractions (20, 60, and 85% fraction) from G. hederacea L. on oxidative stress and hemostasis. Phytochemical analysis showed that aerial parts of G. hederacea L. are rich in both phenolic acids (such as rosmarinic acid, neochlorogenic acid, and chlorogeni

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Materska, Małgorzata, and Irena Perucka. "Accumulation of phenylpropanoids in green and red pepper fruits of semi-hot cultivars Capsicum annuum L." Acta Agrobotanica 63, no. 2 (2012): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2010.042.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of the present work was to determine differences in <i>C</i> and <i>O</i> glycosides of flavonoids, derivatives of phenolic acids, as well as capsaicinoid content in two semi-hot pepper cultivars, cv. Tornado and Tajfun. Fruits were harvested at the green and red maturity stages. Flavonoid and capsaicinoid fractions were isolated on Sep-Pak C18 cartridges with 40% and 70% methanol-water solutions, respectively. The chemical composition of both fractions was determined by HPLC method using standards of phenolic compounds obtained in the earlier work and the capsa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Oriola, Ayodeji Oluwabunmi, Adetunji Joseph Aladesanmi, Thomas Oyebode Idowu, et al. "Ursane-Type Triterpenes, Phenolics and Phenolic Derivatives from Globimetula braunii Leaf." Molecules 26, no. 21 (2021): 6528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216528.

Full text

Abstract:

Globimetula braunii is a hemi-parasitic plant used in African ethnomedicine for the management of microbial infections, rheumatic pain and tumors amongst others. We report the isolation and characterization of eight compounds with their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The air-dried powdered leaf was macerated in EtOH/H20 (4:1). The extract was solvent-partitioned into n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and aqueous fractions. The fractions were screened for their antioxidant properties, using DPPH, FRAP, TAC and FIC assays. Antimicrobial analysis was performed using the micro-broth dilution meth

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Oliveira, Nelma Neylanne Pinho Muniz, Aline Carvalho Pereira, Smail Aazza та ін. "Preparações de frutas Tribulus terrestris afetam os perfis químicos de HPLC e as atividades antioxidantes, lipoxigenase e inibidoras de α-glucosidase". Research, Society and Development 11, № 17 (2022): e17111738751. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38751.

Full text

Abstract:

Tribulus terrestris fruit has been used as a traditional and popular medicine for the prevention and treatment of several diseases, including sexual dysfunction, atherosclerosis and hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of an ethanol extract from Brazilian T. terrestris and its fractions sequentially partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The antioxidant capacities were determined by DPPH and ABTS scavenging free radicals, chelating metal ions, reducing power and total antioxid

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Rim BEN MANSOUR, Feten CHAOUACHI, Hanen FALLEH, André PICHETTE, Jean LEGAULT, and Riadh KSOURI. "Powerful anti-inflammatory, anti-Herpes and anticancer capacities of Thymelaea microphylla L. and TLC phenolic identification." Journal of Natural Product Research and Applications 1, no. 03 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46325/jnpra.v1i03.24.

Full text

Abstract:

Thymelaea microphylla is an edible and medicinal species that exhibits high antioxidant activity and phenolic content. Moreover, four fractions (hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water) were tested towards their ex-vivo antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Dichloromethane fraction had marked protection against cell oxidative stress (IC50 = 1.5 µg/mL). Hexane, Dichloromethane and Methanol fractions exhibited prominent anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells especially A-549 cells, with very low IC50 values of 0.13, 0.018 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively (5

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Rudiyansyah, Rizal Fathurrahman, and Endah Sayekti. "Aktivitas Tabir Surya Secara In-Vitro Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Kedondong (Spondias dulcis Sol. Ex G.Forst)." Jurnal Riset Kimia 15, no. 1 (2024): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v15i1.615.

Full text

Abstract:

Excessive sun exposure to the skin can cause redness (erythema) and darkening of the skin (pigmentation). This effect can be prevented by using sunscreen. Kedondong leaves (Spondias dulcis Sol. Ex G. Forst) can act as a natural sunscreen because they contain secondary metabolite compounds with a conjugated double bond structure (chromophore), including phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The presence of conjugated double bonds in phenolic and flavonoid compounds is known to be able to absorb UV radiation thereby reducing its intensity on the skin. This study aims to determine the sunscreen activ

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Dewi, I. K., S. Pramono, A. Rohman, and R. Matien. "Potential of corncobs (Zea mays) fraction as tyrosinase inhibitor and natural antioxidant in vitro." Food Research 5, no. 2 (2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).465.

Full text

Abstract:

Corncobs (Zea mays) are beneficial to human health as they contain tyrosinase inhibitors and natural antioxidants, but they are not used as they are considered as waste. This research evaluated the inhibition test towards tyrosinase enzyme and antioxidant activity of corncob fraction using in-vitro DPPH method and its correlation to phenolic and flavonoids. Corncob fraction was extracted using the maceration method applying 70% ethanol solvent. The ethanol extract of corncob was suspended by water and then partitioned with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aquadest to produce three fractions (chl

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Riaz, Tauheeda, Athar Abbasi, A. Aziz-Ur-Rehman, Tayyaba Shahzadi, Muhammad Ajaib, and Mohammed Khan. "Phytochemical screening, free radical scavenging, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Dodonaea viscosa." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 77, no. 4 (2012): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc110621183r.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. Methanolic extract of the plant was dissolved in distilled water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and nbutanol sequentially. Phytochemical screening showed presence of phenolics, flavonoides and cardiac glycosides in large amount in chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fraction. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions and remaining aqueous fraction was evaluated by four methods: 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Zubaydah, M. H. Sahumena, W. O. N. Fatimah, Sabarudin, M. Arba, and Yamin. "Determination of antiradical activity and phenolic and flavonoid contents of extracts and fractions of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) seeds." Food Research 5, no. 3 (2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).563.

Full text

Abstract:

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) is a plant from the Moraceae family that is widespread in Indonesia. Empirically, jackfruit can be used to cure hypertension, diabetes, cancer, asthma, dermatosis, coughs, wounds, acne, and diarrhea. The bioactive compounds in jackfruit include phenolics and flavonoids, which function as natural antioxidants. This research investigated the antiradical activity of jackfruit seed extracts and fractions using DPPH (2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and examined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents which may be developed as functional medicines and foods

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Kancherla, Nagaraju, Anusha Dhakshinmoothi, K. Chitra, Jayasree Palla, and Ravi Babu Komaram. "Preliminary Screening for In-Vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Potentials in Whole Plant Fractions of Cayratia Auriculata (Vitaceae)." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 16, no. 2 (2023): 947–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2677.

Full text

Abstract:

Failure of natural homeostasis of healthy cell due to hyperproliferative nature of cancer, resulting in stimulation of various genes which are intensively participated in cell cycle, survival, angiogenesis and metastasis. Our study focused on the in-vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potentials of the whole plant fractions of Cayratia auriculata, a medicinal plant belongs to Vitaceae family. The whole plant material was shade dried and powdered, fractions were prepared by using soxhlet extraction technique with the ascending order of polarity such as hexane < chloroform, < ethyl acetate &lt

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Jubaidah, Siti, Reksi Sundu, and Nur Sabriningsih. "PENETAPAN KADAR FENOLIK TOTAL FRAKSI POLR DAN NONPOLAR DAUN RAMBAI LAUT (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 1, no. 2 (2019): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v1i2.23.

Full text

Abstract:

Rambai laut (Soneratia caseolaris L.) is a type of tree that grows in riverbank swamps or mangrove forests which contains one of the secondary metabolites in the form of phenolic compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the total phenolic content of polar and nonpolar fractions of sea rambai leaves using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Research conducted is non-experimental. The stages of the study included the determination of plants, sampling, making samples, making extracts, determining the water content of extracts, fractionation using polar and nonpolar fractions, phyt

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Inglett, G. E., D. Chen, D. J. Rose, and M. Berhow. "High-shear, Jet-cooking, and Alkali Treatment of Corn Distillers’ Dried Grains to Obtain Products with Enhanced Protein, Oil and Phenolic Antioxidants." Food Science and Technology International 16, no. 4 (2010): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013209353821.

Full text

Abstract:

Distillers dried grains (DDG) have potential to be a nutritionally important source of protein, oil and phenolic antioxidants. DDG was subjected to high-shear and jet-cooking, with or without alkaline pH adjustment and autoclaving. Soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed for protein, oil and ash. Extracts were analyzed for phenolic acids and antioxidant activity. Protein contents were significantly elevated in the insoluble fractions after treatment and the oil content was drastically increased in the insoluble fraction after high-shear and jet-cooking without pH adjustment. Alkaline pH

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Anjani, Ratna, Henny Kasmawati, Yamin, and Nina Salamah. "ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOL, AND FLAVONOID CONTENT EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS MANGO SEEDS (Mangifera indica L.)." Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian 9, no. 3 (2024): 621–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37874/ms.v9i3.1196.

Full text

Abstract:

Antioxidants can either stop or slow down the excessive oxidation of a compound. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite compounds, antioxidant activity, total flavonoid and phenolic levels, and the correlation between the levels of flavonoid and phenolic compounds in inhibiting free radicals. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method was used to evaluate antioxidant activity. Determination of total flavonoid levels using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the aluminum chloride method. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Based on the res

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Nisa, Khoirun, Auliya Uswatun Hasanah, Ema Damayanti, et al. "In vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical profiling of Indonesian Anacardium occidentale L. leaf extract and fractions." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research 12, no. 1 (2024): 50–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56499/jppres23.1714_12.1.50.

Full text

Abstract:

Context: Uncontrolled practice of antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance. Therefore, investigating the possible utilization of several medicinal plant extracts is necessary. Traditionally, numerous medicinal plants have been widely utilized to treat some human diseases including Anacardium occidentale. Aims: To investigate the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract and fractions from A. occidentale as well as characterize the phytochemical profile of A. occidentale leaves associated with antibacterial capacity. Methods: The antibacterial activity was determined using minimum inhibi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!