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Journal articles on the topic 'Phenotypage of root hairs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gajek, Katarzyna, Agnieszka Janiak, Urszula Korotko, Beata Chmielewska, Marek Marzec, and Iwona Szarejko. "Whole Exome Sequencing-Based Identification of a Novel Gene Involved in Root Hair Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (2021): 13411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413411.

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Root hairs play a crucial role in anchoring plants in soil, interaction with microorganisms and nutrient uptake from the rhizosphere. In contrast to Arabidopsis, there is a limited knowledge of root hair morphogenesis in monocots, including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We have isolated barley mutant rhp1.e with an abnormal root hair phenotype after chemical mutagenesis of spring cultivar ‘Sebastian’. The development of root hairs was initiated in the mutant but inhibited at the very early stage of tip growth. The length of root hairs reached only 3% of the length of parent cultivar. Using a wh

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Tian, Heyang, Hongchun Sun, Lingxiao Zhu, et al. "Response of in situ root phenotypes to potassium stress in cotton." PeerJ 11 (June 21, 2023): e15587. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15587.

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Potassium plays a significant role in the basic functions of plant growth and development. Potassium uptake is closely associated with morphological characteristics of the roots. However, the dynamic characteristics of phenotype and lifespan of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lateral roots and root hairs under low and high potassium stress remain unclear. In this study, potassium stress experiments (low and high potassium, medium potassium as control) were conducted using RhizoPot (an in situ root observation device) to determine the response characteristics of lateral roots and root hairs in c

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Kuběnová, Lenka, Michaela Tichá, Jozef Šamaj, and Miroslav Ovečka. "ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 2 vesicular delivery to the apical plasma membrane domain during Arabidopsis root hair development." Plant Physiology 188, no. 3 (2022): 1563–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab595.

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Abstract Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root hairs develop as long tubular extensions from the rootward pole of trichoblasts and exert polarized tip growth. The establishment and maintenance of root hair polarity is a complex process involving the local apical production of reactive oxygen species generated by A. thaliana nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C/ROOT HAIR-DEFECTIVE 2 (AtRBOHC/RHD2). Loss-of-function root hair defective 2 (rhd2) mutants have short root hairs that are unable to elongate by tip growth, and this ph

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4

Walker, Simon A., and J. Allan Downie. "Entry of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae into Root Hairs Requires Minimal Nod Factor Specificity, but Subsequent Infection Thread Growth Requires nodO or nodE." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 13, no. 7 (2000): 754–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2000.13.7.754.

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Using various mutant strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae, we have investigated the role of nodO in stimulating infection thread development in vetch and pea. Analysis of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae nodE and nodO mutants revealed no significant difference from the wild-type infection phenotype. Conversely, an R. leguminosarum bv. viciae nodE nodO double mutant was severely impaired in its ability to form normal infection threads. This strain displayed a number of novel infection-related events, including intracellular accumulations of bacteria at the base of root hairs, distended and

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Cajero-Sanchez, Wendy, Pamela Aceves-Garcia, María Fernández-Marcos, et al. "Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions." Genes 10, no. 12 (2019): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120983.

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Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We foun

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Robledo, Marta, José I. Jiménez-Zurdo, M. José Soto, et al. "Development of Functional Symbiotic White Clover Root Hairs and Nodules Requires Tightly Regulated Production of Rhizobial Cellulase CelC2." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 24, no. 7 (2011): 798–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-10-0249.

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The establishment of rhizobia as nitrogen-fixing endosymbionts within legume root nodules requires the disruption of the plant cell wall to breach the host barrier at strategic infection sites in the root hair tip and at points of bacterial release from infection threads (IT) within the root cortex. We previously found that Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii uses its chromosomally encoded CelC2 cellulase to erode the noncrystalline wall at the apex of root hairs, thereby creating the primary portal of its entry into white clover roots. Here, we show that a recombinant derivative of R. legumi

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7

Kawaguchi, Masayoshi, Haruko Imaizumi-Anraku, Hiroyuki Koiwa, et al. "Root, Root Hair, and Symbiotic Mutants of the Model Legume Lotus japonicus." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 15, no. 1 (2002): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2002.15.1.17.

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To gain an overview of plant factors controlling nodule number and organogenesis, an extensive screening using model legume Lotus japonicus was carried out. This screening involved 40,000 M2 seeds, and 32 stable mutant lines were isolated. From these, 16 mutant lines maintaining the phenotypic variation were selected and genetically analyzed. With respect to nodule number, four loci were identified, Ljsym77, Ljsym78, slippery root (slp), and radial organization1 (rdo1). The former two mutants have an increased number of nodules, while the latter two have a decreased number. Ljsym78-1 and Ljsym

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Ishizawa, Miku, Kayo Hashimoto, Misato Ohtani, et al. "Inhibition of Pre-mRNA Splicing Promotes Root Hair Development in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 9 (2019): 1974–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz150.

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Abstract Root hairs protruding from epidermal cells increase the surface area for water absorption and nutrient uptake. Various environmental factors including light, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, calcium and mycorrhizal associations promote root hair formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Light regulates the expression of a large number of genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels; however, there is little information linking the light response to root hair development. In this study, we describe a novel mutant, light-sensitive root-hair development 1 (lrh

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Liu, Xin, Lingling Pei, Lingling Zhang, Xueying Zhang, and Jing Jiang. "Regulation of miR319b-Targeted SlTCP10 during the Tomato Response to Low-Potassium Stress." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087058.

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Potassium deficiency confines root growth and decreases root-to-shoot ratio, thereby limiting root K+ acquisition. This study aimed to identify the regulation network of microRNA319 involved in low-K+ stress tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). SlmiR319b-OE roots demonstrated a smaller root system, a lower number of root hairs and lower K+ content under low-K+ stress. We identified SlTCP10 as the target of miR319b using a modified RLM-RACE procedure from some SlTCPs’ predictive complementarity to miR319b. Then, SlTCP10-regulated SlJA2 (an NAC transcription factor) influenced the respons

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Wu, Rui, Zhixin Liu, Jiajing Wang, et al. "COE2 Is Required for the Root Foraging Response to Nitrogen Limitation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 2 (2022): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020861.

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There are numerous exchanges of signals and materials between leaves and roots, including nitrogen, which is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth and development. In this study we identified and characterized the Chlorophyll A/B-Binding Protein (CAB) (named coe2 for CAB overexpression 2) mutant, which is defective in the development of chloroplasts and roots under normal growth conditions. The phenotype of coe2 is caused by a mutation in the Nitric Oxide Associated (NOA1) gene that is implicated in a wide range of chloroplast functions including the regulation of metabolism and sign

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Carbonnel, Samy, Debatosh Das, Kartikye Varshney, Markus C. Kolodziej, José A. Villaécija-Aguilar, and Caroline Gutjahr. "The karrikin signaling regulator SMAX1 controlsLotus japonicusroot and root hair development by suppressing ethylene biosynthesis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 35 (2020): 21757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006111117.

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An evolutionarily ancient plant hormone receptor complex comprising the α/β-fold hydrolase receptor KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) and the F-box protein MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2) mediates a range of developmental responses to smoke-derived butenolides called karrikins (KARs) and to yet elusive endogenous KAI2 ligands (KLs). Degradation of SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1) after ligand perception is considered to be a key step in KAR/KL signaling. However, molecular events which regulate plant development downstream of SMAX1 removal have not been identified. Here we show thatLotus japonicusSMAX1

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12

I, Ossai, Okonkwo S. E, Indabo S. S, et al. "Analysis of Seedling Root Architecture of Vigna unguiculata (Sampea 1-20) Using Cigar-Roll Method under Controlled Condition." Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics 21, no. 2 (2024): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bestj.v21i2.6.

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties, including the improved SAMPEA series in Nigeria, remain crucial for food security, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, their yields are constrained by edaphic stresses such as low phosphorus (P) and drought. Phenotyping cowpea seedling root architecture using the cigar-roll method is crucial for identifying root phenes needed for breeding phosphorus-efficient and drought-tolerant varieties. This study evaluated the Root System Architecture (RSA) of 20 elite cowpea genotypes (SAMPEA 1 to 20) obtained from the Institute for Agricultural Research (IA

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13

Yan, Min, Wen Jing, Ni Xu, Like Shen, Qun Zhang, and Wenhua Zhang. "Arabidopsis thaliana constitutively active ROP11 interacts with the NADPH oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homologue F to regulate reactive oxygen species production in root hairs." Functional Plant Biology 43, no. 3 (2016): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp15090.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key signalling role in cells. Plant NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (Rbohs), are well characterised ROS-generating systems. In this study, we found that the constitutively active small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) ROP11 (CA-ROP11) interacted with RbohF by using a yeast two-hybrid analysis, a pull-down assay and an in vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. The mutation of amino acid L336 or L337 in RbohF abolished its interaction with CA-ROP11. Coexpression of CA-ROP11 and wild-type RbohF in Nicotiana ben

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14

Mau, Lisa, Simone Junker, Helena Bochmann, et al. "Root Growth and Architecture of Wheat and Brachypodium Vary in Response to Algal Fertilizer in Soil and Solution." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (2022): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020285.

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Alternative, recycled sources for mined phosphorus (P) fertilizers are needed to sustain future crop growth. Quantification of phenotypic adaptations and performance of plants with a recycled nutrient source is required to identify breeding targets and agronomy practices for new fertilization strategies. In this study, we tested the phenotypic responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and its genetic model, Brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), to dried algal biomass (with algae or high or low mineral P) under three growing conditions (fabricated ecosystems (EcoFABs), hydroponics, and sand). Fo

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15

Li, Yong, Jianshu Zhu, Lingling Wu, Yanlin Shao, Yunrong Wu, and Chuanzao Mao. "Functional Divergence of PIN1 Paralogous Genes in Rice." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 12 (2019): 2720–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz159.

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Abstract Auxin is a phytohormone that plays an important role in plant growth and development by forming local concentration gradients. The regulation of auxin levels is determined by the activity of auxin efflux carrier protein PIN-formed (PIN). In Arabidopsis thaliana, PIN-formed1 (PIN1) functions in inflorescence and root development. In rice (Oryza sativa L.), there are four PIN1 homologs (OsPIN1a–1d), but their functions remain largely unexplored. Hence, in this study, we created mutant alleles of PIN1 gene—pin1a, pin1b, pin1c, pin1d, pin1a pin1b and pin1c pin1d— using CRISPR/Cas9 technol

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16

Koch, P. J., M. G. Mahoney, G. Cotsarelis, K. Rothenberger, R. M. Lavker, and J. R. Stanley. "Desmoglein 3 anchors telogen hair in the follicle." Journal of Cell Science 111, no. 17 (1998): 2529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.111.17.2529.

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Little is known about the function of desmosomes in the normal structure and function of hair. Therefore, it was surprising that mice without desmoglein 3 (the autoantigen in pemphigus vulgaris) not only developed mucous membrane and skin lesions like pemphigus patients, but also developed hair loss. Analysis of this phenotype indicated that hair was normal through the first growth phase (‘follicular neogenesis’). Around day 20, however, when the hair follicles entered the resting phase of the hair growth cycle (telogen), mice with a targeted disruption of the desmoglein 3 gene (DSG3-/-) lost

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Naidoo, Y., T. I. Baskin, and G. Naidoo. "Ultrastructural Studies of Root Swelling in Mutants of Arabidopsis Thaliana." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600026398.

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Growth is “anisotropic” when growth rates in different directions are not equal. Anisotropic elongation is controlled by cortical microtubules and cellulose microfibrils of the cell wall. Distorted anisotropic growth results when there are aberrations in either the cellulose network or microtubule cytoskeleton. in this ultrastructural study, the roots of wild type (control) and mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh, ecotype Columbia, were compared to determine the role of microtubule organisation, cellulose synthesis and cytokinesis on root expansion.Three mutations, obtained by treating

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18

Lestari, Puji, Kyujung Van, Moon Young Kim, Byun-Woo Lee, and Suk-Ha Lee. "Newly featured infection events in a supernodulating soybean mutant SS2-2 by Bradyrhizobium japonicum." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 4 (2006): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-127.

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Supernodulating soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) mutant SS2-2 and its wild-type counterpart, Sinpaldalkong 2, were examined for the microstructural events associated with nodule formation and development. SS2-2 produced a substantially higher percentage of curled root hairs than the wild type, especially at 14 days after inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. In addition, there was new evidence that in SS2-2, B. japonicum also entered through fissures created by the emerging adventitious root primordia. Early steps of nodule ontogeny were faster in SS2-2, and continued development of initiat

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Teillet, Alice, Joseph Garcia, Françoise de Billy, et al. "api, A Novel Medicago truncatula Symbiotic Mutant Impaired in Nodule Primordium Invasion." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 21, no. 5 (2008): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-21-5-0535.

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Genetic approaches have proved to be extremely useful in dissecting the complex nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium–legume endosymbiotic association. Here we describe a novel Medicago truncatula mutant called api, whose primary phenotype is the blockage of rhizobial infection just prior to nodule primordium invasion, leading to the formation of large infection pockets within the cortex of noninvaded root outgrowths. The mutant api originally was identified as a double symbiotic mutant associated with a new allele (nip-3) of the NIP/LATD gene, following the screening of an ethylmethane sulphonate–mutagen

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Santos, Mário R., Andreia T. Marques, Jörg D. Becker, and Leonilde M. Moreira. "The Sinorhizobium meliloti EmrR Regulator Is Required for Efficient Colonization of Medicago sativa Root Nodules." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 27, no. 4 (2014): 388–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-09-13-0284-r.

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The nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti must adapt to diverse conditions encountered during its symbiosis with leguminous plants. We characterized a new symbiotically relevant gene, emrR (SMc03169), whose product belongs to the TetR family of repressors and is divergently transcribed from emrAB genes encoding a putative major facilitator superfamily–type efflux pump. An emrR deletion mutant produced more succinoglycan, displayed increased cell-wall permeability, and exhibited higher tolerance to heat shock. It also showed lower tolerance to acidic conditions, a reduced production

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Larkin, John C., Jason D. Walker, Agnese C. Bolognesi-Winfield, John C. Gray, and Amanda R. Walker. "Allele-Specific Interactions Between ttg and gl1 During Trichome Development in Arabidopsis thaliana." Genetics 151, no. 4 (1999): 1591–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/151.4.1591.

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Abstract Trichome development in Arabidopsis thaliana is a well-characterized model for the study of plant cell differentiation. Two genes that play an essential role in the initiation of trichome development are GL1 and TTG. Mutations in either gene prevent the initiation of most trichomes. The GL1 gene encodes a myb-related transcription factor. Mutations in TTG are pleiotropic, affecting anthocyanins, root hairs, and seed coat mucilage in addition to trichomes. Six ttg alleles were examined and shown to form a hypomorphic series. The severity of all aspects of the ttg phenotype varied in pa

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Sundberg, J. P., M. H. Rourk, D. Boggess, M. E. Hogan, B. A. Sundberg, and A. P. Bertolino. "Angora Mouse Mutation: Altered Hair Cycle, Follicular Dystrophy, Phenotypic Maintenance of Skin Grafts, and Changes in Keratin Expression." Veterinary Pathology 34, no. 3 (1997): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589703400301.

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Angora is an autosomal recessive mouse mutation caused by a deletion of ∼2 kilobases in the fibroblast growth factor 5 ( Fgf5) gene. Phenotypically, homozygous angora ( Fgf5go/ Fgf5go) mice have excessively long truncal hair and can be differentiated from heterozygous (+/ Fgf5go) and wild-type (+/+) littermates by 21 days of age. Abnormal hair length is due to a prolongation of the anagen phase of the hair cycle of approximately 3 days. In addition, widely scattered hair follicles produce structurally defective hair shafts that twist within the follicle, presumably causing secondary hyperplasi

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Zhang, Xiang-Zhong, De-Xing Luo, Xiao-Hui Bai, et al. "Upregulation of TRPC6 Mediated by PAX6 Hypomethylation Is Involved in the Mechanical Allodynia Induced by Chemotherapeutics in Dorsal Root Ganglion." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 23, no. 4 (2020): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaa014.

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Abstract Background Although the action mechanism of antineoplastic agents is different, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, or bortezomib as first-line antineoplastic drugs can induce painful neuropathy. In rodents, mechanical allodynia is a common phenotype of painful neuropathy for 3 chemotherapeutics. However, whether there is a common molecular involved in the different chemotherapeutics-induced painful peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. Methods Mechanical allodynia was tested by von Frey hairs following i.p. injection of vehicle, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, or bortezomib in Sprague-Dawley rats. Re

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Humann, Jodi L., Hope T. Ziemkiewicz, Svetlana N. Yurgel, and Michael L. Kahn. "Regulatory and DNA Repair Genes Contribute to the Desiccation Resistance of Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 2 (2008): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02207-08.

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ABSTRACT Sinorhizobium meliloti can form a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic relationship with alfalfa after bacteria in the soil infect emerging root hairs of the growing plant. To be successful at this, the bacteria must be able to survive in the soil between periods of active plant growth, including when conditions are dry. The ability of S. meliloti to withstand desiccation has been known for years, but genes that contribute to this phenotype have not been identified. Transposon mutagenesis was used in combination with novel screening techniques to identify four desiccation-sensitive mutants of S.

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Grierson, Claire, and John Schiefelbein. "Root Hairs." Arabidopsis Book 1 (January 2002): e0060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1199/tab.0060.

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Grierson, Claire, Erik Nielsen, Tijs Ketelaarc, and John Schiefelbein. "Root Hairs." Arabidopsis Book 12 (January 2014): e0172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1199/tab.0172.

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Kimura, Ushiwatari, Suyama, Tominaga-Wada, Wada, and Maruyama-Nakashita. "Contribution of Root Hair Development to Sulfate Uptake in Arabidopsis." Plants 8, no. 4 (2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8040106.

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Root hairs often contribute to nutrient uptake from environments, but the contribution varies among nutrients. In Arabidopsis, two high-affinity sulfate transporters, SULTR1;1 and SULTR1;2, are responsible for sulfate uptake by roots. Their increased expression under sulfur deficiency (−S) stimulates sulfate uptake. Inspired by the higher and lower expression, respectively, of SULTR1;1 in mutants with more (werwolf [wer]) and fewer (caprice [cpc]) root hairs, we examined the contribution of root hairs to sulfate uptake. Sulfate uptake rates were similar among plant lines under both sulfur suff

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Werner, Dietrich, and Andreas Bernd Wolff. "Root Hair Specific Proteins in Glycine max." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, no. 5 (1987): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-0508.

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Abstract In root hairs from seedlings of Glycine max cultivars, isolated from the root system and com pared with the complete organ, specific soluble proteins have been found. By FPLC chromatography and SDS gel electrophoresis root hair specific proteins with molecular weights of 13, 21, 34, 38 and 42 kDa were separated. Additionally, proteins with molecular weights of 12, 20, 69 and 74 kDa were significantly enriched in root hairs compared to roots without root hairs. By using CNBr activated Sepharose with antibodies against the root system without root hairs, the pres ence of root hair spe

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Galway, M. E., D. C. Lane, and J. W. Schiefelbein. "Defective control of growth rate and cell diameter in tip-growing root hairs of the rhd4 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 4 (1999): 494–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-010.

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A recessive mutation in the RHD4 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana L. affects the control of tip growth in seedling root hairs. Fully grown rhd4 root hairs are half the length of wild-type (WT) hairs. The hairs are wider, and they vary in diameter during tip growth. Light microscopy and motion analysis revealed that rhd4 hairs grow more slowly and that hair growth rate varies more than in WT hairs. Hair diameter increases at the rhd4 hair tips when tip growth slows. Ultrastructural analysis revealed cell wall thickenings in some mutant hairs. WT hairs were grown in a hyperosmotic medium in an attem

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Green, R. L., J. B. Beard, and M. J. Oprisko. "Root Hairs and Root Lengths in Nine Warm-season Turfgrass Genotypes." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 6 (1991): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.6.965.

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Root hairs contributed variously to total root length, ranging from a low of 1% for `Emerald' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud. x Z. tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin) and 5% for `Georgia Common' centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack], to a high of 95% and 89% for `Texturf 10' and `FB 119' bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], respectively. Genotypes ranking highest for root lengths with root hairs also ranked highest for root lengths without root hairs and for number of main roots per plant. In terms of root lengths with root hairs, first-order lateral roots contributed more

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Roberts, DG. "Root-hair structure and development in the seagrass Halophila ovalis (R. Br.) Hook. F." Marine and Freshwater Research 44, no. 1 (1993): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930085.

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The seagrass Halophila ovalis normally produces one mature root, covered with a permanent mat of root hairs, per node. In this study, the development of the root hairs increased the effective root surface absorptive area by 215%. Of the root surface examined, 39% was devoted to root-hair production. Epidermal cells that produced root hairs contained more cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies than did adjacent hairless cells. In addition to appearing to be more metabolically active, root-hair-producing cells had a greater number of plasmodesmatal connections with the underlying oute

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Bashan, Yoav, and Hanna Levanony. "Factors affecting adsorption of Azospirillum brasilense Cd to root hairs as compared with root surface of wheat." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 10 (1989): 936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m89-155.

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Electron microscopy of wheat (Triticum aestivum) roots inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense Cd revealed massive adsorption of bacterial cells to the root surface and less adsorption to root hairs. Quantitative analysis of A. brasilense Cd adsorption to root surface and to root hairs, confirmed qualitatively by light microscopy observations, revealed a bacterial adsorption ratio of 5 (+2): 1 (root surface: root hairs). Extreme bacterial adsorption ratios were recorded when bacteria were previously grown in the presence of KNO3 (27:1) or when bacterial cells were inoculated under hydroponic p

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Wood, Susan M., and William Newcomb. "Nodule morphogenesis: the early infection of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) root hairs by Rhizobium meliloti." Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 10 (1989): 3108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-390.

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The growth and development of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cv. Saranac root hairs and their infection by Rhizobium meliloti strain 102F51 was studied with Smith's interference contrast optics. Uninoculated root hairs grew and matured over a 10-h growth period. The nucleus migrated from a position opposite that of root-hair protrusion at initiation to the base of the root-hair protrusion, then into the growing root hair during the most active phase. When growth was nearly complete, the nucleus assumed a position near the base of the vacuolate root hair. If root hairs were inoculated during the fir

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Gehring, Christoph A., Helen R. Irving, Akram A. Kabbara, Roger W. Parish, Nawal M. Boukli, and William J. Broughton. "Rapid, Plateau-like Increases in Intracellular Free Calcium Are Associated with Nod-Factor—Induced Root-Hair Deformation." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 10, no. 7 (1997): 791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1997.10.7.791.

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Rhizobia excrete variously substituted lipo-oligosaccha-ride Nod factors into the legume rhizosphere. Homologous legumes respond to these signals through deformation of the root hairs and the development of nodulation foci in the root cortex. Cellular events in root hairs from the susceptible zone of nearly mature root hairs were studied in root segments loaded with the calcium indicators Fura-2 or Fluo-3. Application of 10-9 M Nod factors of the broad-host-range Rhizobium sp. NGR234 to the homologous legume Vigna unguiculata resulted, within seconds, in plateau-like increases in intracellular

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Traas, J. A., P. Braat, A. M. Emons, H. Meekes, and J. Derksen. "Microtubules in root hairs." Journal of Cell Science 76, no. 1 (1985): 303–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.76.1.303.

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The microtubules of root hairs of Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum, Equisetum hyemale, Limnobium stoloniferum, Ceratopteris thalictroides, Allium sativum and Urtica dioica were investigated using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Arrays of cortical microtubules were observed in all hairs. The microtubules in the hairs show net axial orientations, but in Allium and Urtica helical microtubule patterns are also present. Numerical parameters of microtubules in Raphanus, Equisetum and Limnobium were determined from dry-cleave preparations. The results are discussed with respect to cell

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Wright, Laura. "Dirty-Root-Hairs-Raw." American Book Review 27, no. 5 (2006): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/abr.2006.0113.

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Park, Nam, Li Xiaohua, Romij Uddin, and Sang Park. "Phenolic compound production by different morphological phenotypes in hairy root cultures of Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn." Archives of Biological Sciences 63, no. 1 (2011): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1101193p.

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Hairy roots were obtained after inoculating sterile young stems of Fagopyrum tataricum with Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1000. The established roots displayed two morphological phenotypes when cultured on hormone-free medium containing Murashige-Skoog salts and vitamins. The thin phenotype had a higher growth rate than the thick phenotype. Further, the phenolic compound content of the thin phenotype was higher than that of the thick phenotype. In terms of their total dry weight, the thin phenotype produced an almost double amount of (-)-epigallocatechin as well as more than 51.5% caffeic acid, 65

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Gulden, Robert H., and J. Kevin Vessey. "Penicillium bilaii inoculation increases root-hair production in field pea." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, no. 4 (2000): 801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p99-171.

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Under three levels of phosphorus availability, inoculation of pea plants with Penicillium bilaii in growth pouches had no effect on root length (excluding root hairs), mean root diameter, root-hair diameter, P accumulation or shoot growth. However, inoculation with P. bilaii resulted in a 22% increase in the proportion of root containing root hairs and a 33% increase in the mean root-hair length. Key words: Pea, Penicillium bilaii, Pisum sativum, phosphorus, root hairs, root morphology

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Crawford, Richard J., and David M. Eissenstat. "748 PB 108 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROOT HAIR DEVELOPMENT AND OTHER ROOT ATTRIBUTES IN CITRUS AND CITRUS RELATIVES." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 540c—540. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.540c.

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The relationship of genotypic variation in root hair development with root proliferation, mycorrhizal colonization, and specific root length (length / dry mass) was studied in sixteen field-grown citrus relatives. The species varied widely in hair development, root length and mass density, and specific root length. No correlation was found between hair development, mycorrhizal colonization, root proliferation, and specific root length. However, there was a significant correlation (r=.55) between the percentage of total root length with hairs and the percentage of hairs with adhered soil. In a

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Wang, Liyang, Xuelian Li, Melissa Mang, Uwe Ludewig, and Jianbo Shen. "Heterogeneous nutrient supply promotes maize growth and phosphorus acquisition: additive and compensatory effects of lateral roots and root hairs." Annals of Botany 128, no. 4 (2021): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab097.

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Abstract Background and Aims Root proliferation is a response to a heterogeneous nutrient distribution. However, the growth of root hairs in response to heterogeneous nutrients and the relationship between root hairs and lateral roots remain unclear. This study aims to understand the effects of heterogeneous nutrients on root hair growth and the trade-off between root hairs and lateral roots in phosphorus (P) acquisition. Methods Near-isogenic maize lines, the B73 wild type (WT) and the rth3 root hairless mutant, were grown in rhizoboxes with uniform or localized supply of 40 (low) or 140 (hig

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Klamer, Florian, Florian Vogel, Xuelian Li, et al. "Estimating the importance of maize root hairs in low phosphorus conditions and under drought." Annals of Botany 124, no. 6 (2019): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz011.

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Abstract Background and Aims Root hairs are single-cell extensions of the epidermis that face into the soil and increase the root–soil contact surface. Root hairs enlarge the rhizosphere radially and are very important for taking up water and sparingly soluble nutrients, such as the poorly soil-mobile phosphate. In order to quantify the importance of root hairs for maize, a mutant and the corresponding wild type were compared. Methods The rth2 maize mutant with very short root hairs was assayed for growth and phosphorus (P) acquisition in a slightly alkaline soil with low P and limited water s

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Laus, M. C., A. A. N. van Brussel, and J. W. Kijne. "Role of Cellulose Fibrils and Exopolysaccharides of Rhizobium leguminosarum in Attachment to and Infection of Vicia sativa Root Hairs." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 18, no. 6 (2005): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-18-0533.

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Infection and subsequent nodulation of legume host plants by the root nodule symbiote Rhizobium leguminosarum usually require attachment of the bacteria to root-hair tips. Bacterial cellulose fibrils have been shown to be involved in this attachment process but appeared not to be essential for successful nodulation. Detailed analysis of Vicia sativa root-hair infection by wild-type Rhizobium leguminosarum RBL5523 and its cellulose fibril-deficient celE mutant showed that wild-type bacteria infected elongated growing root hairs, whereas cellulose-deficient bacteria infected young emerging root

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Lloyd, C. W., and B. Wells. "Microtubules are at the tips of root hairs and form helical patterns corresponding to inner wall fibrils." Journal of Cell Science 75, no. 1 (1985): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.75.1.225.

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Root hairs have sometimes provided contradictory evidence for microtubule/microfibril parallelism. This tissue was re-examined using optimized conditions for the fixation, before immunofluorescence, of root hairs. In phosphate buffer, microtubules did not enter the apical tip of radish root hairs and were clearly fragmented. However, in an osmotically adjusted microtubule-stabilizing buffer, microtubules were observed within the apical dome and appeared unfragmented. Microtubules are not, therefore, absent from the region where new cell wall is presumed to be generated during tip growth. A spi

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Tortora, Giorgia, Stefano Buratti, Matteo Grenzi, Alex Costa, Andrea Bassi, and Alessia Candeo. "Imaging of calcium gradient oscillations in plant root hairs by light sheet fluorescence microscopy." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328703012.

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Root hairs are a delicate single-cell system whose growth is regulated by a fine mechanism characterised by the presence of a tip-high Ca2+ gradient that shows regular oscillations in growing root hairs. We show a method based on the use of Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) which allows the quasi-physiological analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana plant roots hairs with excellent spatial and temporal resolution over a wide field of view. We show how the healthy growing root hairs are linked to precise oscillations and how a disruption of this mechanism can be associated to specific genes.

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Mercado-Blanco, Jesús, and Pilar Prieto. "Bacterial endophytes and root hairs." Plant and Soil 361, no. 1-2 (2012): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1212-9.

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Charest, P. J., D. Stewart, and P. L. Budicky. "Root induction in hybrid poplar by Agrobacterium genetic transformation." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 12 (1992): 1832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-239.

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Three Agrobacteriumrhizogenes strains (A4, 8196, and ATC39207) and two Agrobacteriumtumefaciens mutant strains (A208 (pTiT37•14a/a) and C58 (pGV3297)) were evaluated for their genetic transformation frequency invitro on cuttings of Populusdeltoides × nigra line DN106 and Populusnigra × maximowiczii lines NM1 and NM6. The aim of this work was to increase biomass production by genetically modifying hybrid poplar root systems. Inoculation of the cut end of invitro grown stems with the A. rhizogenes strain ATC39207 gave the highest frequency of typical hairy root formation with line DN106. The oth

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Hill, J. O., R. J. Simpson, M. H. Ryan, and D. F. Chapman. "Root hair morphology and mycorrhizal colonisation of pasture species in response to phosphorus and nitrogen nutrition." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 2 (2010): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09217.

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Root hairs and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase the absorptive surface area of a root and the volume of soil explored and as such are important for nutrient acquisition in infertile soil. Root hair morphology and colonisation by AMF were compared for 10 temperate pasture species, and responses to N and P deficiency characterised. Vulpia spp., Holcus lanatus, and Lolium rigidum had the longest root hairs (range 1.02–2.36 mm) while Trifolium subterraneum had the shortest (~0.27 mm). In contrast, T. subterraneum had a much higher density of root hairs than any of the other species. In

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Sieberer, Björn J., Antonius C. J. Timmers, and Anne Mie C. Emons. "Nod Factors Alter the Microtubule Cytoskeleton in Medicago truncatula Root Hairs to Allow Root Hair Reorientation." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 18, no. 11 (2005): 1195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-18-1195.

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The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is an important part of the tip-growth machinery in legume root hairs. Here we report the effect of Nod factor (NF) on MTs in root hairs of Medicago truncatula. In tip-growing hairs, the ones that typically curl around rhizobia, NF caused a subtle shortening of the endoplasmic MT array, which recovered within 10 min, whereas cortical MTs were not visibly affected. In growth-arresting root hairs, endoplasmic MTs disappeared shortly after NF application, but reformed within 20 min, whereas cortical MTs remained present in a high density. After NF treatment, grow

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Peterson, R. Larry, and Melissa L. Farquhar. "Root hairs: Specialized tubular cells extending root surfaces." Botanical Review 62, no. 1 (1996): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02868919.

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50

Berry, A. M., and M. E. McCully. "Callose-containing deposits in relation to root-hair infections of Alnus rubra by Frankia." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 4 (1990): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-106.

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Light microscopy, aniline-blue fluorescence histochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy were used to elucidate the nature of localized wall deposition in infected and uninfected root hairs on nodulated roots of Alnus rubra Bong, inoculated with the nitrogen-fixing symbiont, Frankia HFPAr13. Callose-containing papillae were found only in epidermal hair cells and not in cortical or vascular tissue. At the site of successful root-hair wall penetration, transfer cell-like wall ingrowths were elaborated, but callose was not detected. At sites of arrested root-hair infections, complex depos

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