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Journal articles on the topic 'Phenotypic clumping'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Moreno, Eduardo, Angela McGaughran, Christian Rödelsperger, Manuel Zimmer, and Ralf J. Sommer. "Oxygen-induced social behaviours in Pristionchus pacificus have a distinct evolutionary history and genetic regulation from Caenorhabditis elegans." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1825 (2016): 20152263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2263.

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Wild isolates of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans perform social behaviours, namely clumping and bordering, to avoid hyperoxia under laboratory conditions. In contrast, the laboratory reference strain N2 has acquired a solitary behaviour in the laboratory, related to a gain-of-function variant in the neuropeptide Y-like receptor NPR-1. Here, we study the evolution and natural variation of clumping and bordering behaviours in Pristionchus pacificus nematodes in a natural context, using strains collected from 22 to 2400 metres above sea level on La Réunion Island. Through the analysis of 106

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Franco, Antonietta, Caroline E. Walton, and Xiawei Dang. "Mitochondria Clumping vs. Mitochondria Fusion in CMT2A Diseases." Life 12, no. 12 (2022): 2110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12122110.

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Phenotypic variations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A) result from the many mutations in the mitochondrial fusion protein, mitofusin 2 (MFN2). While the GTPase domain mutations of MFN2 lack the ability to hydrolyze GTP and complete mitochondrial fusion, the mechanism of dysfunction in HR1 domain mutations has yet to be explored. Using Mfn1/Mfn2 double null cells and Mfn2 knock out (KO) fibroblasts, we measured the ability of this variant protein to change conformations and hydrolyze GTP. We found that a mutation in the HR1 domain (M376A) of MFN2 results in conformational change d

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Ayers, J. R., H. W. Leipold, and G. A. Padgett. "Lesions in Brangus Cattle with Chediak-Higashi Syndrome." Veterinary Pathology 25, no. 6 (1988): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588802500605.

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Hair, peripheral blood leukocytes, and other tissues from two related Brangus calves with phenotypic characteristics of Chediak-Higashi syndrome were examined by light and electron microscopy. Enlarged, pleomorphic, cytoplasmic granules, morphologically compatible with lysosomes, were seen in several neutrophils, many eosinophils, renal tubular epithelial cells, and Kupffer cells. Hair shafts of the calves showed irregular distribution and clumping of melanin granules. Severe infection and a possible hemorrhagic tendency were recognized. These Brangus calves represent the third breed of cattle

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GONANO, M., I. HEIN, P. ZANGERL, A. RAMMELMAYR, and M. WAGNER. "Phenotypic and molecular characterization ofStaphylococcus aureusstrains of veterinary, dairy and human origin." Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 5 (2008): 688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808001453.

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SUMMARYAustrian veterinary (n=91), dairy (n=86), and human strains (n=48) ofStaphylococcus aureuswere tested for various phenotypic properties including clumping factor, egg-yolk reaction, production of thermonuclease and susceptibility to 14 antibiotics. In addition the expression of enterotoxins (A–E), and the presence of enterotoxin genesseatosejandtstwas determined. Significant differences in antimicrobial susceptibility were found with 84·6% of veterinary, 57·0% of dairy, and 20·8% of human strains susceptible to all antibiotics tested (P<0·0005). More human strains produced enterotoxi

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Bhaduri, Saumya, and James L. Smith. "Virulence Plasmid (pYV)-Associated Expression of Phenotypic Virulent Determinants in PathogenicYersiniaSpecies: A Convenient Method for Monitoring the Presence of pYV under Culture Conditions and Its Application for Isolation/Detection ofYersinia pestisin Food." Journal of Pathogens 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/727313.

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InYersinia pestis,Y. pseudotuberculosis, andY. enterocolitica, phenotypic expression of virulence plasmid (pYV: 70-kb)-associated genetic determinants may include low-calcium response (Lcr, pinpoint colony, size = 0.36 mm), colony morphology (size = 1.13 mm), crystal violet (CV) binding (dark-violet colony), Congo Red (CR) uptake (red pinpoint colony, size = 0.36 mm), autoagglutination (AA = cells agglutinate), and hydrophobicity (HP = clumping of cells).Y. pseudotuberculosisis chromosomally closely related toY. pestis;whereas,Y. enterocoliticais chromosomally more distantly related toY. pesti

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Ramm, Susanne, Robert Vary, Twishi Gulati, et al. "High-Throughput Live and Fixed Cell Imaging Method to Screen Matrigel-Embedded Organoids." Organoids 2, no. 1 (2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/organoids2010001.

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Technical advances in microscopy and automation have enabled image-based phenotypic screening of spheroids and organoids to become increasingly high throughput and high content at the same time. In particular, matrix-embedded 3D structures can recapitulate many aspects of parent (e.g., patient) tissues. Live-cell imaging of growing structures allows tremendous insight into population heterogeneity during drug treatment. However, screening for targeted markers and more detailed morphological analyses typically require fixation of 3D structures, and standard formaldehyde (FA) incubation conditio

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Orjih, C. I., A. Ajayi, F. O. Alao, A. I. Adeleye, and S. I. Smith. "Characterization of biofilm formation in clinical urinary isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from five hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 2 (2021): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.8.

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Background: Biofilm formation by pathogens is of great clinical importance as it mediates persistence and resistance to antibiotics, hence posing difficulty in treatment and management of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm forming potential of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from urine samples of females with urinary tract infection and to detect the presence of clumping factor (clfA) and intracellular adhesion (icaA) encoding genes.Methodology: A total of 50 S. aureus were obtained from urine samples of women in five hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. Isolates were con

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8

Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (May 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.3.

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Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to th

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Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (July 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.4.

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Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to th

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Asante, Jonathan, Akebe L. K. Abia, Daniel Anokwah, et al. "Phenotypic and Genomic Insights into Biofilm Formation in Antibiotic-Resistant Clinical Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Species from South Africa." Genes 14, no. 1 (2022): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010104.

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The work aims to investigate biofilm formation and biofilm/adhesion-encoding genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) species recovered from blood culture isolates. Eighty-nine clinical CoNS were confirmed using the VITEK 2 system, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against a panel of 20 antibiotics. Isolates were qualitatively screened using the Congo red agar medium. Quantitative assays were performed on microtiter plates, where the absorbances of the solubilised biofilms were recorded as optical densities and q

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Heying, Ruth, Joke Gevel, Yok-Ai Que, Philippe Moreillon, and Henry Beekhuizen. "Fibronectin-binding proteins and clumping factor A in Staphylococcus aureus experimental endocarditis: FnBPA is sufficient to activate human endothelial cells." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 97, no. 04 (2007): 617–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th06-11-0640.

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SummarySurface molecules of Staphylococcus aureus are involved in the colonization of vascular endothelium which is a crucial primary event in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis (IE).The ability of these molecules to also launch endothelial procoagulant and proinflammatory responses, which characterize IE, is not known. In the present study we investigated the individual capacities of three prominent S. aureus surface molecules; fibronectinbinding protein A (FnBPA) and B (FnBPB) and clumping factor A (ClfA), to promote bacterial adherence to cultured human endothelial cells (ECs) and t

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Małkińska-Horodyska, Magdalena, Joanna Kubiak, Henryka Lassa, and Edward Malinowski. "Changes in Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Atypical Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Isolated from Cows of the same Herd in 2008-2010." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 56, no. 2 (2012): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10213-012-0025-1.

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Abstract The isolates of Staphylococcus aureus strains were examined phenotypically by cultural features, tube coagulase test and clumping factor (CF), and genotypically by conventional PCR. The strains had positive reaction in CF test, but were negative in tube coagulase test. The analysed strains from the same cows in each year expressed also nuc and coa genes. About 25% of the strains were examined by the disc diffusion method for their sensitivity to antibiotics. During three years, the strains were highly susceptible in vitro to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, oxacillin, bacitracin, and

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Chuang, John S., Zak Frentz, and Stanislas Leibler. "Homeorhesis and ecological succession quantified in synthetic microbial ecosystems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 30 (2019): 14852–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1901055116.

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The dynamics of ecological change following a major perturbation, known as succession, are influenced by random processes. Direct quantitation of the degree of contingency in succession requires chronological study of replicate ecosystems. We previously found that population dynamics in carefully controlled, replicated synthetic microbial ecosystems were strongly deterministic over several months. Here, we present simplified, two-species microbial ecosystems consisting of algae and ciliates, imaged in toto at single-cell resolution with fluorescence microscopy over a period of 1 to 2 weeks. To

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Olamigoke, Loretta, Elvedina Mansoor, Vivek Mann, et al. "AHCC Activation and Selection of Human Lymphocytes via Genotypic and Phenotypic Changes to an Adherent Cell Type: A Possible Novel Mechanism of T Cell Activation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/508746.

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Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) is a fermented mushroom extract and immune supplement that has been used to treat a wide range of health conditions. It helps in augmentation of the natural immune response and affects immune cell activation and outcomes. The goal of this project was to study and understand the role and mechanisms of AHCC supplementation in the prevention of immunosuppression through T cell activation. The method described here involves “in vitro” culturing of lymphocytes, exposing them to different concentrations of AHCC (0 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, and 50

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15

Brennan, Michael J., Giovanni Delogu, Yiping Chen, et al. "Evidence that Mycobacterial PE_PGRS Proteins Are Cell Surface Constituents That Influence Interactions with Other Cells." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 12 (2001): 7326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.12.7326-7333.2001.

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ABSTRACT The elucidation of the genomic sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed the presence of a novel multigene family designated PE/PE_PGRS that encodes numerous, highly related proteins of unknown function. In this study, we demonstrate that a transposon insertion in a PE_PGRS gene (1818PE_PGRS) found inMycobacterium bovis BCG Pasteur, which is the BCG homologue of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv gene Rv1818c, introduces new phenotypic properties to this BCG strain. These properties include dispersed growth in liquid medium and reduced infection of macrophages. Complementation of the 181

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16

Cheung, Ambrose L., Yueh-tyng Chien, and Arnold S. Bayer. "Hyperproduction of Alpha-Hemolysin in asigB Mutant Is Associated with Elevated SarA Expression inStaphylococcus aureus." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 3 (1999): 1331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.3.1331-1337.1999.

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ABSTRACT To evaluate the role of SigB in modulating the expression of virulence determinants in Staphylococcus aureus, we constructed a sigB mutant of RN6390, a prototypic S. aureus strain. The mutation in the sigB gene was confirmed by the absence of the SigB protein in the mutant on an immunoblot as well as the failure of the mutant to activate ςB-dependent promoters (e.g., the sarC promoter) ofS. aureus. Phenotypic analysis indicated that both alpha-hemolysin level and fibrinogen-binding capacity were up-regulated in the mutant strain compared with the parental strain. The increase in fibri

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Okorie-Kanu, Onyinye Josephine, Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu, Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi, et al. "Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Potential of Staphylococcus aureus in Donkeys from Nigeria." Antibiotics 14, no. 5 (2025): 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14050453.

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Background: Animal-associated antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci pose a One Health concern, as they can spread into the environment and cause serious infections. Yet, donkeys in Nigeria have been largely overlooked as potential reservoirs of these pathogens. Aim/Objectives: To isolate Staphylococcus aureus from donkeys in Obollo-Afor, southeast Nigeria, assess their antimicrobial resistance profiles, and evaluate their virulence potential. Materials and Methods: Staphylococci were isolated from the nasal swabs of 250 donkeys, using mannitol salt agar, confirmed biochemically, with Staphyloc

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Nwobi, Obichukwu Chisom, Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu, Ishmael Festus Jaja, et al. "Staphylococcus aureus in Horses in Nigeria: Occurrence, Antimicrobial, Methicillin and Heavy Metal Resistance and Virulence Potentials." Antibiotics 12, no. 2 (2023): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020242.

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Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from a total of 360 nasal and groin skin swabs from 180 systematic randomly-selected horses slaughtered for meat at Obollo-Afor, Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria and antimicrobial, methicillin and heavy metal resistance profile and virulence potentials of the isolates established. Baird-Parker agar with egg yolk tellurite was used for S. aureus isolation. S. aureus isolates were confirmed biochemically and serologically using a specific S. aureus Staphytect Plus™ latex agglutination test kit. The antimicrobial resistance profile, methicillin, vancomycin and ind

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Alabbosh, Khulood Fahad, Tarek Zmantar, Abdulrahman S. Bazaid, Mejdi Snoussi, and Emira Noumi. "Antibiotics Resistance and Adhesive Properties of Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Wound Infections." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (2023): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051353.

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a ubiquitous pathogen responsible for several severe infections. This study aimed to investigate the adhesive properties and antibiotic resistance among clinical S. aureus isolated from Hail Hospital Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), using molecular approaches. This study was conducted according to the ethical committee at Hail’s guidelines on twenty-four S. aureus isolates. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to identify genes encoding the β-lactamase resistance (blaZ), methicillin resistance (mecA), fluoroquinolone resistance (norA), ni

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MacCallum, Donna M., Helen Findon, Claire C. Kenny, Geraldine Butler, Ken Haynes, and Frank C. Odds. "Different Consequences of ACE2 and SWI5 Gene Disruptions for Virulence of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Yeasts." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 9 (2006): 5244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00817-06.

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ABSTRACT Mutants of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with disruptions in the ACE2 gene and C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae swi5 disruption mutants were tested for virulence in a murine challenge model of disseminated yeast infection. All mutants showed a clumping phenotype, but clumping was minimized in challenge inocula by inclusion of chitinase in the growth medium. In animals rendered temporarily neutropenic by cyclophosphamide treatment, the C. glabrata ace2 null mutant was confirmed as hypervirulent: it led to early terminal illness and kidney, brain, and lun

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Frank, G. Onyambu, B. Tanui Stephen, S. O. Alwala Dominic, Chebii Kiptanui, and K. Kigen Bethwel. "Platelet-mediated clumping adhesion phenotypes of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes: A review." Clinical Reviews and Opinions 8, no. 2 (2017): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/cro2015.0097.

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22

Schwarzkopf, A., H. Karch, H. Schmidt, W. Lenz, and J. Heesemann. "Phenotypical and genotypical characterization of epidemic clumping factor-negative, oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31, no. 9 (1993): 2281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.31.9.2281-2285.1993.

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23

Tyree, Zoe L., Kimberly Bellingham-Johnstun, Jessica Martinez-Baird, and Caroline Laplante. "The Myosin-V Myo51 and Alpha-Actinin Ain1p Cooperate during Contractile Ring Assembly and Disassembly in Fission Yeast Cytokinesis." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 9 (2024): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10090647.

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Cytokinesis is driven in part by the constriction of a ring of actin filaments, myosin motors and other proteins. In fission yeast, three myosins contribute to cytokinesis including a Myosin-V Myo51. As Myosin-Vs typically carry cargo along actin filaments, the role of Myo51 in cytokinesis remains unclear. The previous work suggests that Myo51 may crosslink actin filaments. We hypothesized that if Myo51 crosslinks actin filaments, cells carrying double deletions of ain1, which encodes the crosslinker alpha-actinin, and myo51 (∆ain1 ∆myo51 cells) will exhibit more severe cytokinesis phenotypes

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Vaudaux, Pierre, Patrice Francois, Carmelo Bisognano, et al. "Increased Expression of Clumping Factor and Fibronectin-Binding Proteins by hemB Mutants of Staphylococcus aureus Expressing Small Colony Variant Phenotypes." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 10 (2002): 5428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.10.5428-5437.2002.

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ABSTRACT Small colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus are slow-growing subpopulations that cause persistent and relapsing infections. The altered phenotype of SCV can arise from defects in menadione or hemin biosynthesis, which disrupt the electron transport chain and decrease ATP concentrations. With SCVs, virulence is altered by a decrease in exotoxin production and susceptibility to various antibiotics, allowing their intracellular survival. The expression of bacterial adhesins by SCVs is poorly documented. We tested fibrinogen- and fibronectin-mediated adhesion of a hemB mutant of

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Castaman, Giancarlo, and Augusto Federici. "Type 2B von Willebrand Disease: A Matter of Plasma Plus Platelet Abnormality." Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 42, no. 05 (2016): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579638.

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Type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD2B) is a rare, autosomal-dominant inherited bleeding disorder, characterized by an enhanced ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and often with variable degree of thrombocytopenia and loss of high-molecular-weight multimers von Willebrand factor (VWF). All these phenomena are caused by a mutant VWF, normally synthesized and assembled by endothelial cells, but with heightened affinity binding to the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib-α (GpIb-α). When this abnormal VWF is released into the circulation and under specific clinical circum

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Bjeloš, Mirjana, Ana Ćurić, Benedict Rak, Mladen Bušić, and Biljana Kuzmanović Elabjer. "The First Homozygote Mutation c.499G>T (Asp167Tyr) in the RPE65 Gene Encoding Retinoid Isomerohydrolase Causing Retinal Dystrophy." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 44, no. 12 (2022): 6397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb44120436.

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RPE65, an abundant membrane-associated protein present in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), is a vital retinoid isomerase necessary for regenerating 11-cis-retinaldehyde from all-trans retinol in the visual cycle. In patients with inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD), precise genetic diagnosis is an indispensable approach as it is required to establish eligibility for the genetic treatment of RPE65-associated IRDs. This case report aims to report the specific phenotype–genotype correlation of the first patient with a homozygous missense variant RPE65 c.499G>T, p. (Asp167Tyr). We report a c

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Pain, A., D. J. P. Ferguson, O. Kai, et al. "Platelet-mediated clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes is a common adhesive phenotype and is associated with severe malaria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98, no. 4 (2001): 1805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.4.1805.

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Coulombe, P. A., M. E. Hutton, R. Vassar, and E. Fuchs. "A function for keratins and a common thread among different types of epidermolysis bullosa simplex diseases." Journal of Cell Biology 115, no. 6 (1991): 1661–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.115.6.1661.

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Previously we demonstrated that transgenic mice expressing a mutant keratin in the basal layer of their stratified squamous epithelia exhibited a phenotype bearing resemblance to a subclass (Dowling Meara) of a heterogeneous group of human skin disorders known as epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) (Vassar, R., P. A. Coulombe, L. Degenstein, K. Albers, E. Fuchs. 1991. Cell. 64:365-380.). The extent to which subtypes of EBS diseases might be genetically related is unknown, although they all exhibit skin blistering as a consequence of basal cell cytolysis. We have now examined transgenic mice ex

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Moreno, Eduardo, and Ralf J. Sommer. "A cilia-mediated environmental input induces solitary behaviour in Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus nematodes." Nematology 20, no. 3 (2018): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003159.

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Nematodes respond to a multitude of environmental cues. For example, the social behaviours clumping and bordering were described as a mechanism of hyperoxia avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. A recent study in P. pacificus revealed a novel regulatory pathway that inhibits social behaviour in a response to an as yet unknown environmental cue. This environmental signal is recognised by ciliated neurons, as mutants defective in intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins display social behaviours. The IFT machinery represents a large protein complex and many mutants in ge

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Belmamoun, Ahmed Reda, Abdelkader Ammam, Imene Berrabah, and Karima Bereksi Reguig. "Coagulase gene polymorphism and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis milk in Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 7, no. 1 (2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.7(1).p21-27.

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The study was conducted to identify and characterize Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk derived from subclinical mastitis in Sidi-Bel-Abbes Algeria. In this paper, we explore the possibility of detection of the coagulase gene (coa), which encodes the coagulase enzyme, by PCR analysis in antibiotic-resistant isolates, with the latex agglutination phenotype and free coagulase.Out of 336 samples of raw milk examined with California mastitis test (CMT) posi-tive; a total of 142 samples were bacteriologically positive with 56.34% Staphylococcus isolates, 21 (26.25%) isolates were confirmed as S.aure

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Zhang, Zhongge, and Leland S. Pierson. "A Second Quorum-Sensing System Regulates Cell Surface Properties but Not Phenazine Antibiotic Production inPseudomonas aureofaciens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 9 (2001): 4305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.9.4305-4315.2001.

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ABSTRACT The root-associated biological control bacterium Pseudomonas aureofaciens 30-84 produces a range of exoproducts, including protease and phenazines. Phenazine antibiotic biosynthesis byphzXYFABCD is regulated in part by the PhzR-PhzI quorum-sensing system. Mutants defective in phzR orphzI produce very low levels of phenazines but wild-type levels of exoprotease. In the present study, a second genomic region of strain 30-84 was identified that, when present in trans, increased β-galactosidase activity in a genomic phzB::lacZreporter and partially restored phenazine production to aphzR m

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Truong-Bolduc, Que Chi, Xiamei Zhang, and David C. Hooper. "Characterization of NorR Protein, a Multifunctional Regulator of norA Expression in Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 10 (2003): 3127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.10.3127-3138.2003.

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ABSTRACT We characterized a Staphylococcus aureus norA gene expression regulator, NorR, initially identified from its binding to the norA promoter. The norR gene was 444 bp in length, located ∼7 kb upstream from the norA gene, and encoded a predicted 17.6-kDa protein. Overexpression of norR in wild-type S. aureus strain ISP794 led to a fourfold decrease in sensitivity to quinolones and ethidium bromide and an increase in the level of norA transcripts, suggesting that NorR acts as a positive regulator of norA expression. Overexpression of norR in sarA and agr mutants did not alter quinolone sen

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Bible, Amber N., Bonnie B. Stephens, Davi R. Ortega, Zhihong Xie, and Gladys Alexandre. "Function of a Chemotaxis-Like Signal Transduction Pathway in Modulating Motility, Cell Clumping, and Cell Length in the Alphaproteobacterium Azospirillum brasilense." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 19 (2008): 6365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00734-08.

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ABSTRACT A chemotaxis signal transduction pathway (hereafter called Che1) has been previously identified in the alphaproteobacterium Azospirillum brasilense. Previous experiments have demonstrated that although mutants lacking CheB and/or CheR homologs from this pathway are defective in chemotaxis, a mutant in which the entire chemotaxis pathway has been mutated displayed a chemotaxis phenotype mostly similar to that of the parent strain, suggesting that the primary function of this Che1 pathway is not the control of motility behavior. Here, we report that mutants carrying defined mutations in

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Vaudaux, Pierre E., Vincenza Monzillo, Patrice Francois, Daniel P. Lew, Tim J. Foster, and Brigitte Berger-Bächi. "Introduction of the mec Element (Methicillin Resistance) into Staphylococcus aureus Alters In Vitro Functional Activities of Fibrinogen and Fibronectin Adhesins." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 3 (1998): 564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.3.564.

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ABSTRACT Some methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are defective in the production of major surface components such as protein A, clumping factor, or other important adhesins to extracellular matrix components which may play a role in bacterial colonization and infection. To evaluate the impact of methicillin resistance (mec) determinants on bacterial adhesion mediated by fibrinogen or fibronectin adhesins, we compared the in vitro attachment of two genetically distinct susceptible strains (NCTC8325 and Newman) to protein-coated surfaces with that of isogenic methicillin-resi

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Dudin, Omaya, Sébastien Wielgoss, Aaron M. New, and Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo. "Regulation of sedimentation rate shapes the evolution of multicellularity in a close unicellular relative of animals." PLOS Biology 20, no. 3 (2022): e3001551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001551.

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Significant increases in sedimentation rate accompany the evolution of multicellularity. These increases should lead to rapid changes in ecological distribution, thereby affecting the costs and benefits of multicellularity and its likelihood to evolve. However, how genetic and cellular traits control this process, their likelihood of emergence over evolutionary timescales, and the variation in these traits as multicellularity evolves are still poorly understood. Here, using isolates of the ichthyosporean genus Sphaeroforma-close unicellular relatives of animals with brief transient multicellul

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Hardigan, Andrew, Emily Blandford, Aditya Mohan, et al. "496 Multi-Omic Profiling of Epigenetic Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma at Single-Cell Resolution Using MscCUT&TAG." Neurosurgery 71, Supplement_1 (2025): 122–23. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003360_496.

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INTRODUCTION: Recent evidence suggests epigenetic heterogeneity may be the primary driver of cell phenotype and treatment resistance in glioblastoma. Epigenetic heterogeneity is defined by alterations of chromatin histone modifications with activating marks such as H3K27 acetylation and repressive marks such as H3K27 trimethylation. Combinations of these histone marks govern the activity of functional genomic elements such as enhancers or promoters. Single-cell ("sc-") technologies have only recently been adapted to the study of epigenetic cell states and significant technical challenges have

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Hardigan, Andrew, Emily Blandford, Aditya Mohan, Eliese Moelker, Peter Fecci, and Anoop Patel. "EPCO-19. MULTIOMIC PROFILING OF EPIGENETIC HETEROGENEITY IN GLIOBLASTOMA AT SINGLE-CELL RESOLUTION USING MULTIOMIC SINGLE-CELL CUT&TAG." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0018.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Recent evidence suggests epigenetic heterogeneity may be the primary driver of cell phenotype and treatment resistance in glioblastoma (GBM). Epigenetic heterogeneity is defined by alterations of chromatin histone modifications with activating marks such as H3K27 acetylation and repressive marks such as H3K27 trimethylation. Combinations of these histone marks govern the activity of functional genomic elements such as enhancers or promoters. Single-cell (“sc-”) technologies have only recently been adapted to the study of epigenetic cell states and significant technical ch

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Huang, Qin, Haihong Zhang, Yubo Ma, et al. "Development of Essential Thrombocythemia-Like Myeloproliferative Disorder in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing a Human 8-Oxoguanine DNA-Glycosylase Gene." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.791.791.

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Abstract Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. ET is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood and increased in numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the marrow and, occasionally, in the extramedullary organs. Currently, there is no known genetic or biologic marker specific for ET. The etiology and pathogenesis of ET remain largely unclear, partially due to a lack of suitable animal model for the disease. We reported here the development of a transgenic (TG) mouse model, in which most aged mic

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Elsheikh, *Samar Salah Mohamedahmed, Victoria Marshe, James Kennedy, et al. "UTILIZING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING TO ANALYZE POLYGENIC RISK AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 28, Supplement_1 (2025): i329. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae059.588.

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Abstract Background Our understanding of the interplay between genetic and environmental factors (Gene x Environment Interaction, or GxE) determining mental health disorders has improved through the proliferation of genome-wide interaction association studies (GWIAS) and targeted GxE analyses. Moreover, multivariate modelling approaches, such as structural equation modelling (SEM) and polygenic risk scores (PRS), offer opportunities for the integration of clinical and genome-wide genotype data in building improved biopsychosocial models of mental illness aetiology and their response to treatme

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Yanjie, Mao, Florent Valour, Giang Vu Vi Tran, et al. "713. Preventive Administration of MEDI6389, a Combination of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) Targeting Alpha-Toxin (AT), Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), Leukocidin ED (LukED), Gamma-Hemolysin and Clumping Factor A (ClfA), in a Rabbit Model of USA300 MRSA Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI)." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S320—S321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.781.

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Abstract Background mAbs targeting staphylococcal virulence factors could represent an interesting preventive strategy in PJI. We evaluate here MEDI6389 compared with isotype-matched control IgG (c-IgG) in a rabbit model of USA300 MRSA PJI. Methods Rabbits were randomized for prophylaxis with either c-IgG (n = 13; 30 mg/kg; controls) or MEDI6389 (n = 13; 30 mg/kg of each mAb) administered intravenously 12h before infection. A cemented screw and ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene washer were placed intraarticularly in the external femoral condyle. After suturing the joint capsule and muscu

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Huang, Qin, Haihong Zhang, Lawrence M. Weiss, and Chun-Yang Fan. "Mitochondria Damage Leading to High Frequency of Lymphoma and Myeloproliferative Disorder in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing a Human 8-Oxoguanine DNA-Glycosylase Gene." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2246.2246.

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Abstract Alterations of nuclear genes in human lymphoma and leukemias have been well investigated in past several decades and established a predominant role in the pathogenesis. However, the relationship of mitochondrial genome alteration or dysfunction and human lymphoma and leukemias remains large unknown. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that play critical roles in oxidative phosphorylation, energy metabolism, cell growth and apoptosis. We have successfully generated a novel transgenic (TG) mouse model of mitochondrial disorder by overexpressing human hOGG1, a base excision DNA repair ge

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Kulshrestha, Anvita, Melanie E. Garrett, Marilyn J. Telen, and Allison E. Ashley-Koch. "Novel Loci Associated with Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease Patients." Blood 144, Supplement 1 (2024): 1110. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2024-206550.

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Sickle cell disease (SCD) results from a genetic mutation in the beta hemoglobin gene. Despite the same underlying causal mutation, patients exhibit highly heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of mortality among individuals with SCD, accounting for 25% of all deaths, and is the second most common reason for hospitalizations after vaso-occlusive pain. ACS is associated with extended hospital stays, higher risk of respiratory failure, and the potential for developing chronic lung disease after recurrent episodes. Many previous genome-wide association s

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Wu, Cynthia M., Mohan K. Pai, Uma Athale, John G. Kelton, and Donnie M. Arnold. "Peripartum Management of Women with Suspected Hereditary Thrombocytopenia." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 3224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3224.3224.

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Introduction: Hereditary macrothrombocytopenic disorders are rare syndromes characterized by mild to moderate thrombocytopenia, large platelets, and a variable bleeding phenotype. In general, the diagnosis must be made clinically and management is empiric. Because of the autosomally inherited nature of these disorders, peripartum management must take into account the risk of bleeding for both mother and baby, during the pregnancy and at delivery. Study Purpose: To describe the peripartum management and bleeding complications in pregnant women with suspected inherited macrothrombocytopenic diso

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LI, Q., A. Dohey, D. Codner, and P. Rahman. "POS0044 EVIDENCE OF A CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: A MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 231.2–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.2151.

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BackgroundPsoriatic disease (psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis) is a common inflammatory disease associated with obesity. However, recent studies suggest that lipid changes, rather than obesity, may independently drive psoriatic disease [1]. Mendelian randomization (MR) can assess the causal effect of modifiable exposure by measuring the variation of genes of known function.ObjectivesIn this study, we perform a two-sample mendelian randomization to investigate the possible causal relationship between polygenic hyperlipidemia and psoriatic disease (psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis).MethodsThe

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Reilly, Andreea, J. Philip Creamer, Massiel Chavez Stolla, et al. "Loss of Lamin B1 in Myeloid Neoplasms with 5q Deletion Causes Myeloid-Biased Hematopoiesis and Pelger-Huet Nuclear Anomaly." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (2021): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-154121.

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Abstract Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) acquire somatic mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities leading to myeloid neoplasms (MDS/AML). A subgroup of 10-20% MDS and AML cases undergo complex chromosomal rearrangements associated with TP53 mutations and poor prognosis. One of the most common chromosomal events in high-risk myeloid neoplasms is deletion of chromosome 5q (del(5q)). In contrast to 5q- syndrome, characterized by a distal commonly deleted region (CDR) and good prognosis, the critical CDR in high-risk MDS/AML centers on 5q31. However, the key genes in the high-risk 5

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Wang, Louise, Alyssa Grimshaw, Catherine Mezzacappa, Navid Rahimi Larki, Yu-Xiao Yang, and Amy Justice. "Abstract 5242: Do polygenic risk scores add to clinical data in predicting pancreatic cancer? a scoping review." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 5242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5242.

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Abstract Background: Individual susceptibility to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is determined by both genetic and clinical factors. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) represent a summation of an individual’s risk associated alleles across their genome but it is unclear whether PRS improve prognostic assessments beyond available clinical data. Specific Aims: To evaluate the characteristics of studies examining PRS discrimination for PDAC before and after accounting for clinical factors. Methods: Following the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (DOI: osf.io/97hxw), we performed a comprehens

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Bangal, Priti, Hari Sridhar, and Kartik Shanker. "Phenotypic Clumping Decreases With Flock Richness in Mixed-Species Bird Flocks." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8 (January 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.537816.

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Animals that live in groups may experience positive interactions such as cooperative behavior or negative interactions such as competition from group members depending on group size and similarity between individuals. The effect of group size and phenotypic and ecological similarity on group assembly has not been well-studied. Mixed-species flocks are important subsets of bird communities worldwide. We examined associations within these in relation to flock size, to understand rules of flock assembly, in the Western Ghats of India. We examined the relationship between phenotypic clumping and f

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KARAMATI, Seyed Ahmad, Hamed MIRJALALI, Maryam NIYYATI, et al. "Comprehensive Study of Phenotypic and Growth Rate Features of Blastocystis Subtypes 1-3 and 6 in Symptomatic and Asymp-tomatic Subjects." Iranian Journal of Parasitology, June 24, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v14i2.1132.

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Background: The present study aimed to assess the grouping of subtypes 1-3 and 6 of Blastocystis according to the size and generation time of the parasite among the symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. Methods: Blastocystis subtypes1-3 and 6 isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects and were cultivated in DMEM medium. In order to assess inter- and intra-subtype variation in size, all the isolates were measured using morphometric criteria. Generation time was calculated using approximately 1×104 Blastocystis, which were cultivated in DMEM, every 24h for 4 days. Results:

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Suwito, Widodo, Widagdo Sri Nugroho, Rahmat Setya Adji, Andriani Andriani, Eny Kusumaningtyas, and Tri Martini. "Phenotypic characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical mastitis in Etawah-crossbreed goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia." Veterinary World, November 15, 2022, 2587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2587-2592.

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Background and Aim: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) in Etawah-grade (PE) goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is commonly due to Staphylococcus aureus. At present, S. aureus from SCM in PE goats in Yogyakarta has not been characterized. Therefore, this study aimed to phenotypically characterize S. aureus, which has been isolated from SCM of PE goats. Materials and Methods: A total of 314 lactating PE goats were collected from 60 PE goat farms (e.g., Sleman, Bantul, and Kulonprogo) located in parts of Yogyakarta with an average age of 3–4 years old, three of which showed SCM based on the California masti

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Agbani, Ejaife O., Daniel Young, Si An Chen, et al. "Membrane procoagulation and N‑terminomics/TAILS profiling in Montreal platelet syndrome kindred with VWF p.V1316M mutation." Communications Medicine 3, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43856-023-00354-1.

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Abstract Background The Montreal platelet syndrome kindred (MPS) with VWF p.V1316M mutation (2B-VWDMPS) is an extremely rare disorder. It has been associated with macrothrombocytopenia, spontaneous platelet clumping, mucocutaneous, and other bleeding, which can be largely prevented by von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate infusion. However, supplemental platelet transfusion has been required on occasion, particularly for severe gastrointestinal bleeds. This raised the question of whether a previously uncharacterized platelet dysfunction contributes to bleeding diathesis in 2B-VWDMPS patients

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