Journal articles: 'PHIL simulation'

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Guo, Baoling, Amgad Mohamed, Seddik Bacha, Mazen Alamir, Cédric Boudinet, and Julien Pouget. "Reduced-Scale Models of Variable Speed Hydro-Electric Plants for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Real-Time Simulations." Energies 13, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 5764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215764.

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Variable Speed Hydro-Electric Plant (VS-HEP) equipped with power electronics has been increasingly introduced into the hydraulic context. This paper is targeting a VS-HEP Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) real-time simulation system, which is dedicated to different hydraulic operation schemes tests and control laws validation. Then, a proper hydraulic model will be the key factor for building an efficient PHIL real-time simulation system. This work introduces a practical and generalised modelling hydraulic modelling approach, which is based on ‘Hill Charts’ measurements provided by industrial manufacturers. The hydraulic static model is analytically obtained by using mathematical optimization routines. In addition, the nonlinear dynamic model of the guide vane actuator is introduced in order to evaluate the effects of the induced dynamics on the electric control performances. Moreover, the reduced-scale models adapted to different laboratory conditions can be established by applying scaling laws. The suggested modelling approach enables the features of decent accuracy, light computational complexity, high flexibility and wide applications for their implementations on PHIL real-time simulations. Finally, a grid-connected energy conversion chain of bulb hydraulic turbine associated with a permanent magnet synchronous generator is chosen as an example for PHIL design and performance assessment.

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Ihrens, Jana, Stefan Möws, Lennard Wilkening, Thorsten A. Kern, and Christian Becker. "The Impact of Time Delays for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Investigations." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113154.

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Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHiL) simulations provide a powerful environment in the critical process of testing new components and controllers. In this work, we aim to explain the impact of time delays in a PHiL setup and recommend how to consider them in different investigations. The general concept of PHiL, with its necessary components, is explained and the benefits compared to pure simulation and implemented field tests are presented. An example for a flexible PHiL environment is shown in form of the Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Laboratory (PHiLsLab) at TU Hamburg. In the PHiLsLab, different hardware components are used as the simulator to provide a grid interface via an amplifier system, a real-time simulator by OPAL-RT, a programmable logic controller by Bachmann, and an M-DUINO microcontroller. Benefits and limitations of the different simulators are shown using case examples of conducted investigations. Essentially, all platforms prove to be appropriate and sufficiently powerful simulators, if the time constants and complexity of the investigated case fit the simulator performance. The communication interfaces used between simulator and amplifier system differ in communication speed and delay; therefore, they have to be considered to determine the level of dynamic interactions between the simulated rest of system and the hardware under test.

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Guillo-Sansano, Efren, Mazheruddin H. Syed, Andrew J. Roscoe, and Graeme M. Burt. "Initialization and Synchronization of Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulations: A Great Britain Network Case Study." Energies 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2018): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11051087.

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The hardware under test (HUT) in a power hardware in the loop (PHIL) implementation can have a significant effect on overall system stability. In some cases, the system under investigation will be unstable unless the HUT is already connected and operating. Accordingly, initialization of the real-time simulation can be difficult, and may lead to abnormal parameters of frequency and voltage. Therefore, a method to initialize the simulation appropriately without the HUT is proposed in this contribution. Once the initialization is accomplished a synchronization process is also proposed. The synchronization process depends on the selected method for initialization and therefore both methods need to be compatible. In this contribution, a recommended practice for the initialization of PHIL simulations for synchronous power systems is presented. Experimental validation of the proposed method for a Great Britain network case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach.

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Kotsampopoulos, Panos C., Vasilis A. Kleftakis, and Nikos D. Hatziargyriou. "Laboratory Education of Modern Power Systems Using PHIL Simulation." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 32, no. 5 (September 2017): 3992–4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2016.2633201.

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Kikusato, Hiroshi, Taha Selim Ustun, Masaichi Suzuki, Shuichi Sugahara, Jun Hashimoto, Kenji Otani, Kenji Shirakawa, Rina Yabuki, Ken Watanabe, and Tatsuaki Shimizu. "Microgrid Controller Testing Using Power Hardware-in-the-Loop." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2020): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082044.

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Required functions of a microgrid become divers because there are many possible configurations that depend on the location. In order to effectively implement the microgrid system, which consists of a microgrid controller and components with distributed energy resources (DERs), thorough tests should be run to validate controller operation for possible operating conditions. Power-hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation is a validation method that allows different configurations and yields reliable results. However, PHIL configuration for testing the microgrid controller that can evaluate the communication between a microgrid controller and components as well as the power interaction among microgrid components has not been discussed. Additionally, the difference of the power rating of microgrid components between the deployment site and the test lab needs to be adjusted. In this paper, we configured the PHIL environment, which integrates various equipment in the laboratory with a digital real-time simulation (DRTS), to address these two issues of microgrid controller testing. The test in the configured PHIL environment validated two main functions of the microgrid controller, which supports the diesel generator set operations by controlling the DER, regarding single function and simultaneously activated multiple functions.

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Trigui, R., B. Jeanneret, B. Malaquin, and C. Plasse. "Performance Comparison of Three Storage Systems for Mild HEVs Using PHIL Simulation." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 58, no. 8 (October 2009): 3959–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2009.2028146.

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Muhammad, Moiz, Holger Behrends, Stefan Geißendörfer, Karsten von Maydell, and Carsten Agert. "Power Hardware-in-the-Loop: Response of Power Components in Real-Time Grid Simulation Environment." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030593.

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With increasing changes in the contemporary energy system, it becomes essential to test the autonomous control strategies for distributed energy resources in a controlled environment to investigate power grid stability. Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) concept is an efficient approach for such evaluations in which a virtually simulated power grid is interfaced to a real hardware device. This strongly coupled software-hardware system introduces obstacles that need attention for smooth operation of the laboratory setup to validate robust control algorithms for decentralized grids. This paper presents a novel methodology and its implementation to develop a test-bench for a real-time PHIL simulation of a typical power distribution grid to study the dynamic behavior of the real power components in connection with the simulated grid. The application of hybrid simulation in a single software environment is realized to model the power grid which obviates the need to simulate the complete grid with a lower discretized sample-time. As an outcome, an environment is established interconnecting the virtual model to the real-world devices. The inaccuracies linked to the power components are examined at length and consequently a suitable compensation strategy is devised to improve the performance of the hardware under test (HUT). Finally, the compensation strategy is also validated through a simulation scenario.

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KAWASAKI, KYOZI, and TOHRU OKUZONO. "SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICAL BEHAVIOR OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL FOAMS." Fractals 04, no. 03 (September 1996): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x96000455.

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A simple dynamical model for two-dimensional dry foam rheology is constructed for which surface tension effects and viscous dissipation at Plateau borders (intersections of three cell boundaries) are taken into account and is studied by computer simulation. Under externally applied shear strain increasing at small rates, the system exhibits avalanche-like release of stress that has been accumulating under increasing strain. There is a close similarity with earthquake models that show self-organized criticality (SOC). We discuss related simulation of two-dimensional wet foams under statically applied strain by Hutzler et al. [Phil. Mag. B71, 277 (1995)] showing critical behavior.

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Arvan, Marcus. "A Unified Explanation of Quantum Phenomena? The Case for the Peer-to-Peer Simulation Hypothesis as an Interdisciplinary Research Program." Philosophical Forum 45, no. 4 (October 21, 2014): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phil.12043.

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Kotsampopoulos, Panos, Pavlos Georgilakis, Dimitris T. Lagos, Vasilis Kleftakis, and Nikos Hatziargyriou. "FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing." Energies 12, no. 13 (July 3, 2019): 2554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132554.

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The role of flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTSs) in the provision of grid services is becoming increasingly important, due to the massive integration of intermittent renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and the decommissioning of thermal plants. A comprehensive literature review of grid services offered by FACTS is performed, focusing on the different grid services that they can provide, such as power flow control, reactive power control, voltage control, power quality improvement, harmonic mitigation, improvement of transient stability, and damping of inter-area and intra-area oscillations. These grid services need to be realistically and economically validated in suitable testing environments. A review of relevant standards, guides, and the literature is performed, which covers the entire range from functional specification and factory testing up to the field testing of FACTS. Advanced industry practices, such as controller hardware in the loop (CHIL) testing of FACTS controllers by the manufacturer, and recent trends, such as CHIL testing of replica controllers by the owner, are underlined. Limitations of conventional testing and CHIL testing are explained and the use of power hardware in the loop (PHIL) simulation for FACTS testing is discussed. CHIL and scaled-down PHIL tests on a transmission static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) are performed and a comparison of the results is presented.

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LUO, JUN JASON, and JING-CHENG LIU. "ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTAL SQUARES." Fractals 24, no. 01 (March 2016): 1650008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x16500080.

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In the previous paper [K. S. Lau, J. J. Luo and H. Rao, Topological structure of fractal squares, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 155 (2013) 73–86], Lau, Luo and Rao completely classified the topological structure of so called fractal square [Formula: see text] defined by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we further provide simple criteria for the [Formula: see text] to be totally disconnected, then we discuss the Lipschitz classification of [Formula: see text] in the case [Formula: see text], which is an attempt to consider non-totally disconnected sets.

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Attie, David, Sergey Barsuk, Oleg Bezshyyko, Leonid Burmistrov, Andrii Chaus, Paul Colas, Oleksii Fedorchuk, et al. "MPGD2015: Low-energy electron source to characterize Micromegas/InGrid and study of dE/dx for low energy electrons." EPJ Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817402011.

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Insert your english abstract here.A new versatile facility LEETECH for detector R&D, tests and calibration is designed and constructed. It uses electrons produced by the photoinjector PHIL at LAL, Orsay and provides a powerful tool for wide range R&D studies of different detector concepts delivering “monochromatic” samples of low energy electrons with adjustable energy and intensity. Among other innovative instrumentation techniques, LEETECH will be used for testing various gaseous tracking detectors and studying new Micromegas/InGrid concept which has very promising characteristics of spatial resolution and can be a good candidate for particle tracking and identification. In this paper the importance and expected characteristics of such facility based on detailed simulation studies are addressed.

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Kotsampopoulos, Panos C., Felix Lehfuss, Georg F. Lauss, Benoit Bletterie, and Nikos D. Hatziargyriou. "The Limitations of Digital Simulation and the Advantages of PHIL Testing in Studying Distributed Generation Provision of Ancillary Services." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 62, no. 9 (September 2015): 5502–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2414899.

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Torres, Jose Rueda, Zameer Ahmad, Nidarshan Veera Kumar, Elyas Rakhshani, Ebrahim Adabi, Peter Palensky, and Mart van der Meijden. "Power Hardware-in-the-Loop-Based Performance Analysis of Different Converter Controllers for Fast Active Power Regulation in Low-Inertia Power Systems." Energies 14, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 3274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113274.

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Future electrical power systems will be dominated by power electronic converters, which are deployed for the integration of renewable power plants, responsive demand, and different types of storage systems. The stability of such systems will strongly depend on the control strategies attached to the converters. In this context, laboratory-scale setups are becoming the key tools for prototyping and evaluating the performance and robustness of different converter technologies and control strategies. The performance evaluation of control strategies for dynamic frequency support using fast active power regulation (FAPR) requires the urgent development of a suitable power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) setup. In this paper, the most prominent emerging types of FAPR are selected and studied: droop-based FAPR, droop derivative-based FAPR, and virtual synchronous power (VSP)-based FAPR. A novel setup for PHIL-based performance evaluation of these strategies is proposed. The setup combines the advanced modeling and simulation functions of a real-time digital simulation platform (RTDS), an external programmable unit to implement the studied FAPR control strategies as digital controllers, and actual hardware. The hardware setup consists of a grid emulator to recreate the dynamic response as seen from the interface bus of the grid side converter of a power electronic-interfaced device (e.g., type-IV wind turbines), and a mockup voltage source converter (VSC, i.e., a device under test (DUT)). The DUT is virtually interfaced to one high-voltage bus of the electromagnetic transient (EMT) representation of a variant of the IEEE 9 bus test system, which has been modified to consider an operating condition with 52% of the total supply provided by wind power generation. The selected and programmed FAPR strategies are applied to the DUT, with the ultimate goal of ascertaining its feasibility and effectiveness with respect to the pure software-based EMT representation performed in real time. Particularly, the time-varying response of the active power injection by each FAPR control strategy and the impact on the instantaneous frequency excursions occurring in the frequency containment periods are analyzed. The performed tests show the degree of improvements on both the rate-of-change-of-frequency (RoCoF) and the maximum frequency excursion (e.g., nadir).

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Stoiljkovic, Dragoslav, Branka Pilic, Misa Bulajic, Nebojsa Djurasovic, and Nikolaj Ostrovskii. "The charge percolation mechanism and simulation of Ziegler-Natta polymerizations, Part VII: Effects of the distribution of chromium active centers on silica on the polymerization of ethylene." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 73, no. 1 (2008): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0801097s.

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The charge percolation mechanism (CPM) of olefin polymerization in the presence of transition metal compounds has been applied to explain the polymerization of ethylene by silica supported chromium oxide. In the previous work of this series, the fundamental issues and mechanism of this polymeri?zation were presented. In this work the compatibility of the CPM with the em?pirical findings is confirmed. The CPM has been applied to explain: the appea?rance of an induction period; the deactivation of active centers and the forma?tion of oligomers; the effects of chromium concentration on the silica surface, the silica surface discontinuity and the pore size of silica on polymerization and the formation of the structure of polyethylene. A mathematical model has been derived to explain the effects of the CrOx/SiO2 ratio on the productivity of Phil?lips catalysts in the polymerization of ethylene. The empirical findings have also been confirmed by computer simulations.

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Betanzos, Lourdes. "El teatro como ejercicio terapéutico en Todos somos el rey Lear, de Guillermo Schmidhuber." Investigación Teatral. Revista de artes escénicas y performatividad 12, no. 19 (May 23, 2021): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/it.v12i19.2669.

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En Todos somos el rey Lear, escrita en 1979 y publicada en 1982, el dramaturgo mexicano Guillermo Schmidhuber de la Mora plantea clara intertextualidad con William Shakespeare. El presente estudio es una exploración de cómo Schmidhuber teatraliza la creación de hiperrealidad como proceso terapéutico no sólo para ciertos personajes de la obra, sino también para el público e, incluso, para el dramaturgo mismo. Con esta finalidad se emplean los conceptos de Jean Baudrillard sobre la hiperrealidad y el simulacro, las afirmaciones del mismo Schmidhuber sobre la dramaturgia, así como también los conceptos psicológicos de Phil Jones sobre la drama-terapia y los efectos transformativos de este ejercicio teatral. Por medio de este proceso que resulta terapéutico, los personajes Millonario verdadero y Álvaro intentan enmendar los conflictos vitales que inquietan a ambos, a la par que el autor mismo negocia su identidad como dramaturgo.Theather as therapeutic exercise in We are all King Lear from Guillermo SchmidhuberAbstractIn We are all King Lear, written in 1979 and published in 1982, the Mexican playwright Guillermo Schmidhuber de la Mora clearly lays out an intertextuality exercise in front of William Shakespeare’s work. This study is an exploration of how Schmidhuber dramatizes the creation of hyperreality as a therapeutic process not only for certain characters of the play, but also for the audience and even for the playwright himself. To carry out this exploration, the paper applies Baudrillard’s concepts of hyperreality and simulation, as well as some affirmations from Schmidhuber himself about dramaturgy, and some of Phil Jones’ psychological concepts regarding drama therapy and its transformative effects as a theatrical exercise. Through this therapeutic process, the characters Real Millionaire and Álvaro attempt to rectify the vital conflicts that unsettle them both, while the author himself negotiates his identity as a playwright.Recibido: 05 de octubre de 2020Aceptado: 01 de febrero de 2021

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Abbood, Hayder D., and Andrea Benigni. "Data-Driven Modeling of a Commercial Photovoltaic Microinverter." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2018 (April 2, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5280681.

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We present a data-driven modeling (DDM) approach for static modeling of commercial photovoltaic (PV) microinverters. The proposed modeling approach handles all possible microinverter operating modes, including burst mode. No prior knowledge of internal components, structure, and control algorithm is assumed in developing the model. The approach is based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). To generate the data used to train the model, a Power Hardware in the Loop (PHIL) approach is applied. Instantaneous inputs-outputs data are collected from the terminals of a commercial PV microinverter at time domain. Then, the collected data are converted to the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The ANNs that are the core of the DDM are developed in frequency domain. The outputs of the ANNs are then converted back to time domain for validation and use in system level simulation. The comparison between measured and simulated data validates the performance of the presented approach.

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Ahmed, Tanvir, Elena V. Levchenko, Alexander V. Evteev, Zi Kui Liu, William Yi Wang, Rafal Abdank-Kozubski, Irina V. Belova, and Graeme E. Murch. "Molecular Dynamics Prediction of the Influence of Composition on Thermotransport in Ni-Al Melts." Diffusion Foundations 12 (September 2017): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.12.93.

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The influence of composition on thermotransport (coupling between mass and heat transport) in Ni-Al melts is investigated by making use of equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the Green-Kubo formalism. To describe interatomic interactions in Ni-Al melt models, we employ the embedded-atom method potential developed in [G.P. Purja Pun, Y. Mishin, Phil. Mag., 2009, 89, 3245]. It is demonstrated that the employed interatomic potential gives good agreement with the recent experimental study [E. Sondermann, F. Kargl, A. Meyer, Presented at the 12th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL-2016), 26-30 June 2016, Split, Croatia] regarding the direction of thermotransport in Al-rich liquid Ni-Al alloys. Moreover, the predicted values of the reduced heat of transport (the quantity which explicitly characterizes both the magnitude and direction of thermotransport) in Ni-Al melts, reveal fairly weak composition dependence while being practically independent of temperature at all. Accordingly, in the presence of a temperature gradient, our simulation results for the models of liquid Ni25Al75, Ni50Al50 and Ni75Al25 alloys predict consistently Ni and Al to migrate to the cold and hot ends, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest value, about eV, of the reduced heat of transport is observed for Ni50Al50 alloy model and it slightly decreases towards Al-rich and Ni-rich compositions.

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Heo, Kyung-Wook, Hyun-Jun Choi, and Jee-Hoon Jung. "Real-time test-bed system development using power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation technique for reliability test of DC nano grid." Journal of Power Electronics 20, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 784–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43236-020-00075-x.

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Munters, Wim, and Johan Meyers. "Towards practical dynamic induction control of wind farms: analysis of optimally controlled wind-farm boundary layers and sinusoidal induction control of first-row turbines." Wind Energy Science 3, no. 1 (June 18, 2018): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-409-2018.

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Abstract. Wake interactions between wind turbines in wind farms lead to reduced energy extraction in downstream rows. In recent work, optimization and large-eddy simulation were combined with the optimal dynamic induction control of wind farms to study the mitigation of these effects, showing potential power gains of up to 20 % (Munters and Meyers, 2017, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, 375, 20160100, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.010). However, the computational cost associated with these optimal control simulations impedes the practical implementation of this approach. Furthermore, the resulting control signals optimally react to the specific instantaneous turbulent flow realizations in the simulations so that they cannot be simply used in general. The current work focuses on the detailed analysis of the optimization results of Munters and Meyers, with the aim to identify simplified control strategies that mimic the optimal control results and can be used in practice. The analysis shows that wind-farm controls are optimized in a parabolic manner with little upstream propagation of information. Moreover, turbines can be classified into first-row, intermediate-row, and last-row turbines based on their optimal control dynamics. At the moment, the control mechanisms for intermediate-row turbines remain unclear, but for first-row turbines we find that the optimal controls increase wake mixing through the periodic shedding of vortex rings. This behavior can be mimicked with a simple sinusoidal thrust control strategy for first-row turbines, resulting in robust power gains for turbines in the entrance region of the farm.

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Ustun, Taha Selim, Shuichi Sugahara, Masaichi Suzuki, Jun Hashimoto, and Kenji Otani. "Power Hardware in-the-Loop Testing to Analyze Fault Behavior of Smart Inverters in Distribution Networks." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2020): 9365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229365.

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Deep penetration of distributed generators have created several stability and operation issues for power systems. In order to address these, inverters with advanced capabilities such as frequency and reactive power support the grid. Known also as Smart Inverters (SIs), these devices are highly dynamic and contribute to the power flow in the system. Notwithstanding their benefits, such dynamic devices are new to distribution networks. Power system operators are very reluctant toward such changes as they may cause unknown issues. In order to alleviate these concerns and facilitate SIs integration to the grid, behavior studies are required. To that end, this paper presents a power hardware-in-the-loop test set up and tests that are performed to study fault behavior of SIs connected to distribution networks. The details of the software model, SI integration with the real-time simulator, test results, and their analyses are presented. This experience shows that it is not trivial to connect such novel devices with simulation environments. Adjustments are required on both software and hardware fronts on a case-by-case basis. The encountered integration issues and their solutions are presented herein. The fault behavior of the SI with respect to the fault location is documented. It is observed that for faults that are close to SIs, momentary cessation of generation is observed. This needs to be tackled by device manufacturers as this phenomenon is very detrimental to health of a power system under fault conditions. Extensive PHIL test results show that several factors affect the fault behavior of an SI: fault location and its duration, SI mode of operation as well as extra devices housed in the casing. These results and their in-depth analyses are presented for a thorough understanding of SI behavior under fault conditions.

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Levis, Colin, Cathal O’Loughlin, Terence O’Donnell, and Martin Hill. "An Enhanced Two-Stage Grid-Connected Linear Parameter Varying Photovoltaic System Model for Frequency Support Strategy Evaluation." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 12, 2019): 4739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244739.

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Securing a future sustainable decarbonised economy involves moving towards a system with rising penetration levels of distributed photovoltaics (PVs) within the low voltage distribution network (LVDN). This power system evolution is displacing conventional generators and has resulted in a decline in inertia that is essential for frequency stability. Emerging network codes require PV generators to maintain a scheduled curtailed active power (CAP) reserve for under-frequency contingencies. In this paper, the development, verification and application of an enhanced, two-stage grid-connected, state-space, linear parameter varying (LPV) PV system model is presented. The LPV model provides accurate and efficient modelling for PV systems over the wide range of operating points associated with curtailed active power and is suitable for power systems with large numbers of distributed PV systems capable of frequency support in the LVDN, to be simulated within reasonable simulation times. In addition, the LPV model can be used to investigate voltage rise due to reverse active power. The model performance is evaluated using recorded experimental data with step changes in irradiation and active power curtailment. The measured data is generated from a power hardware in the loop (PHIL) testbed. The model’s performance is investigated on an adapted radial European LVDN benchmark with several distributed PV systems to present some of the challenges, opportunities and benefits. Step changes in solar irradiation are used to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of the LPV model compared to a discrete-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) model. A frequency droop control characteristic for frequency support is demonstrated. The results show a computational burden reduction of 132:1 compared to the EMT model and demonstrate the voltage rise due to reverse active power from providing frequency support during under-frequency contingencies.

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Hounkonnou, M. N., and E. B. Ngompe Nkouankam. "On (p,q, μ, ν, phi1, phi2)-generalized oscillator algebra and related bibasic hypergeometric functions." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, no. 30 (July 12, 2007): 8835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/30/015.

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Bernardini, Matteo, Sergio Pirozzoli, and Paolo Orlandi. "Velocity statistics in turbulent channel flow up to." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 742 (February 21, 2014): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.674.

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AbstractThe high-Reynolds-number behaviour of the canonical incompressible turbulent channel flow is investigated through large-scale direct numerical simulation (DNS). A Reynolds number is achieved ($Re_{\tau } = h/\delta _v \approx 4000$, where $h$ is the channel half-height, and $\delta _v$ is the viscous length scale) at which theory predicts the onset of phenomena typical of the asymptotic Reynolds number regime, namely a sensible layer with logarithmic variation of the mean velocity profile, and Kolmogorov scaling of the velocity spectra. Although higher Reynolds numbers can be achieved in experiments, the main advantage of the present DNS study is access to the full three-dimensional flow field. Consistent with refined overlap arguments (Afzal & Yajnik, J. Fluid Mech. vol. 61, 1973, pp. 23–31; Jiménez & Moser, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 365, 2007, pp. 715–732), our results suggest that the mean velocity profile never achieves a truly logarithmic profile, and the logarithmic diagnostic function instead exhibits a linear variation in the outer layer whose slope decreases with the Reynolds number. The extrapolated value of the von Kármán constant is $k \approx 0.41$. A near logarithmic layer is observed in the spanwise velocity variance, as predicted by Townsend’s attached eddy hypothesis, whereas the streamwise variance seems to exhibit a shoulder, perhaps being still affected by low-Reynolds-number effects. Comparison with previous DNS data at lower Reynolds number suggests enhancement of the imprinting effect of outer-layer eddies onto the near-wall region. This mechanisms is associated with excess turbulence kinetic energy production in the outer layer, and it reflects in flow visualizations and in the streamwise velocity spectra, which exhibit sharp peaks in the outer layer. Associated with the outer energy production site, we find evidence of a Kolmogorov-like inertial range, limited to the spanwise spectral density of $u$, whereas power laws with different exponents are found for the other spectra. Finally, arguments are given to explain the ‘odd’ scaling of the streamwise velocity variances, based on the analysis of the kinetic energy production term.

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Le Dizès, Stéphane, and Michael Le Bars. "Internal shear layers from librating objects." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 826 (August 10, 2017): 653–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.473.

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In this work, we analyse the internal shear layer structures generated by the libration of an axisymmetric object in an unbounded fluid rotating at a rotation rate $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}^{\ast }$ using direct numerical simulation and small Ekman number asymptotic analysis. We consider weak libration amplitude and libration frequency $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}^{\ast }$ within the inertial wave interval $(0,2\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}^{\ast })$ such that the fluid dynamics is mainly described by a linear axisymmetric harmonic solution. The internal shear layer structures appear along the characteristic cones of angle $\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}_{c}=\text{acos}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}^{\ast }/(2\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}^{\ast }))$ which are tangent to the librating object at so-called critical latitudes. These layers correspond to thin viscous regions where the singularities of the inviscid solution are smoothed. We assume that the velocity field in these layers is described by the class of similarity solutions introduced by Moore & Saffman (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 264, 1969, pp. 597–634). These solutions are characterized by two parameters only: a real parameter $m$, which measures the strength of the underlying singularity, and a complex amplitude coefficient $C_{0}$. We first analyse the case of a disk for which a general asymptotic solution for small Ekman numbers is known when the disk is in a solid plane. We demonstrate that the numerical solutions obtained for a free disk and for a disk in a solid plane are both well described by the asymptotic solution and by its similarity form within the internal shear layers. For the disk, we obtain a parameter $m=1$ corresponding to a Dirac source at the edge of the disk and a coefficient $C_{0}\propto E^{1/6}$ where $E$ is the Ekman number. The case of a smoothed librating object such as a spheroid is found to be different. By asymptotically matching the boundary layer solution to similarity solutions close to a critical latitude on the surface, we show that the adequate parameter $m$ for the similarity solution is $m=5/4$, leading to a coefficient $C_{0}\propto E^{1/12}$, that is larger than for the case of a disk for small Ekman numbers. A simple general expression for $C_{0}$ valid for any axisymmetric object is obtained as a function of the local curvature radius at the critical latitude in agreement with this change of scaling. This result is tested and validated against direct numerical simulations.

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Phillip Guertin, D., Paul K. Barten, and Kenneth N. Brooks. "The Peatland Hydrologic Impact Model: Development and Testing." Hydrology Research 18, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1987.0007.

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Questions concerning the effects of drainage, peat mining and timber harvesting on streamflow response in the northern Lake States of the U.S.A. led to the development of the Peatland Hydrologic Impact Model (PHIM). PHIM is a generalized, deterministic, continuous simulation model, that is physically-based to the extent possible. Three independent landtype submodels represent watershed conditions common in the region. The appropriate land-type submodel(s), either natural peatland (NWATBAL), mined peatland (MWATBAL), or mineral soil upland (UWATBAL) are configured by the model user to represent the watershed. The submodels were applied to test the model on the streamflow response from three different peatland watersheds. Stormflow events were simulated for a 3,758 ha natural peatland and a 155 ha mined peatland. Annual water yield simulations for a 9.72 ha upland-peatland watershed produced a mean ratio of predicted/observed streamflow of 1.01 ± 0.08 for six test years. The model is generalized so that it should be adaptable to similar physiographic regions with minor modifications.

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Hòa, Phù Chí, Phạm Ngọc Sơn, and Huỳnh Thanh Sơn. "SIMULATION OF NEUTRON ENERGY SPECTRA OF FILTERED THERMAL NEUTRON BEAM." Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Đà Lạt 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.10.3.712(2020).

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Trong bài báo, các tính toán mô phỏng về phân bố phổ năng lượng của các neutron nhiệt truyền qua phin lọc của tinh thể sapphire và bistmut đã được thực hiện. Kỹ thuật nơtron phin lọc sử dụng bismuth, sapphire đã được áp dụng. Mô phỏng PHITS (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport System) đã được áp dụng để mô tả đặc điểm của phổ năng lượng neutron dựa trên các tham số thiết kế vật liệu, cấu trúc hình học, và độ dày lớp che chắn.

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Gawin, Dariusz, Francesco Pesavento, and Bernhard A. Schrefler. "Comments to the paper “An application of a damage constitutive model to concrete at high temperature and prediction of spalling” by Rosen Tenchev and Phil Purnell [Int. J. Solids Struct. 42 (26) (2005) 6550–6565]." International Journal of Solids and Structures 44, no. 11-12 (June 2007): 4234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2006.10.013.

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Tenchev, Rosen, and Phil Purnell. "Reply to comments to the paper “An application of a damage constitutive model to concrete at high temperature and prediction of spalling” by Rosen Tenchev and Phil Purnell [Int. J. Solids Struct. 42 (26) (2005) 6550–6565]." International Journal of Solids and Structures 44, no. 11-12 (June 2007): 4238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2006.10.014.

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Roush, Sherrilyn. "Simulation and Understanding Other Minds." Philosophical Issues 26, no. 1 (October 2016): 351–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phis.12079.

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Stauffer, Dietrich. "Monte-Carlo-Simulation mikroskopischer Börsenmodelle." Physik Journal 55, no. 5 (May 1999): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phbl.19990550511.

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JUNG, Youngkyun. "Introduction to a Molecular Dynamics Simulation." Physics and High Technology 21, no. 10 (October 31, 2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.21.037.

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Yang, Jixiang, Yongming Bian, Meng Yang, Jie Shao, and Ao Liang. "Parameter Matching of Energy Regeneration System for Parallel Hydraulic Hybrid Loader." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 5014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165014.

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Oil shortages and environmental pollution are attracting worldwide attention incrementally. Hybrid falls within one of the effective techniques for those two problems. Taking the loader with high energy consumption and high emission as the target, combined with the hydraulic hybrid technology with high power density and strong energy storage capacity, the parallel hydraulic hybrid loader (PHHL) based on brake energy regeneration is proposed. Firstly, the dynamic models of the key components of the PHHL are established, and the parameters of the part which coincides with the ordinary loader are corrected based on the V-type duty cycle. Then, consid-ering the energy recovery efficiency as well as the characteristics of the loader from the V-type duty cycle, the parameters for several major parts of the energy regeneration system (ERS) were calculated and matched. Then, based on the initial matching, the improved adaptive genetic al-gorithm (AGA) is employed to optimize the control variable of the control strategy and the design parameters of ERS to enhance the economic benefit and performance of the ERS. Furthermore, a simulation validation was conducted. Simulation results show that the ERS with optimized pa-rameters could improve the fuel-saving effect by 25% compared to the ERS with initial parameters, which indicated the rationality of the optimized parameters. Finally, the fuel consumption test of the PHHL prototype under the V-type duty cycle is performed. The results show that the PHHL with the optimization scheme can achieve 9.12% fuel saving, which is on the brink of the potential of brake energy recovery and verifies the feasibility of applying hydraulic hybrid technology on the loader.

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KIM, Youngtae. "Physics Simulations with MATLAB." Physics and High Technology 23, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.23.014.

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Summers, Adam, Jay Johnson, Rachid Darbali-Zamora, Clifford Hansen, Jithendar Anandan, and Chad Showalter. "A Comparison of DER Voltage Regulation Technologies Using Real-Time Simulations." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 10, 2020): 3562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143562.

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Grid operators are now considering using distributed energy resources (DERs) to provide distribution voltage regulation rather than installing costly voltage regulation hardware. DER devices include multiple adjustable reactive power control functions, so grid operators have the difficult decision of selecting the best operating mode and settings for the DER. In this work, we develop a novel state estimation-based particle swarm optimization (PSO) for distribution voltage regulation using DER-reactive power setpoints and establish a methodology to validate and compare it against alternative DER control technologies (volt–VAR (VV), extremum seeking control (ESC)) in increasingly higher fidelity environments. Distribution system real-time simulations with virtualized and power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL)-interfaced DER equipment were run to evaluate the implementations and select the best voltage regulation technique. Each method improved the distribution system voltage profile; VV did not reach the global optimum but the PSO and ESC methods optimized the reactive power contributions of multiple DER devices to approach the optimal solution.

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Fabian, Laszlo. "Mechanism of dehydration in a non-porous variable hydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314089992.

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Paroxetine hydrochloride form II (PHCl-II) is a variable hydrate with a peculiar behaviour [1]. It changes its water content in response to changes in relative humidity with remarkable speed and in a completely reversible fashion. This is commonly observed for channel hydrates, but no continuous channels exist in the PHCl-II structure [2]. Powder diffraction results showed that loss of water produces an isostructural anhydrate, suggesting a simple, non-destructive mechanism of dehydration. The aim of the present contribution is to explain this unusual behaviour at a molecular level by using molecular dynamics simulations. Models of both the hydrated and anhydrous state could be created from the experimental hydrate structure by simple energy minimisation, which is in accordance with the experimentally observed smooth transition. A partially dehydrated supercell model was used to study the mechanism which allows water molecules to cross the steric barrier between adjacent solvent cavities. Since such transitions are rare on the simulation timescale (µs to ms), a steered molecular dynamics approach was applied. The results show that the passage of water molecules is facilitated by conformational changes, in which a ring system acts as a gate between cavities. When passing through the 'gate', water molecules are relayed between two chloride ions: as one Cl...HOH hydrogen bond is broken, another HOH...Cl one is formed. The progress of water molecules along the gated channel is not continuous, they spend a significant amount of time in each cavity between consecutive passages.

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Larson, Stephen D., Padraig Gleeson, and André E. X. Brown. "Connectome to behaviour: modelling Caenorhabditis elegans at cellular resolution." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1758 (September 10, 2018): 20170366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0366.

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It has been 30 years since the ‘mind of the worm’ was published in Philosophical Transactions B (White et al . 1986 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 314 , 1–340). Predicting Caenorhabditis elegans ' behaviour from its wiring diagram has been an enduring challenge since then. This special theme issue of Philosophical Transactions B combines research from neuroscientists, physicists, mathematicians and engineers to discuss advances in neural activity imaging, behaviour quantification and multiscale simulations, and how they are bringing the goal of whole-animal modelling at cellular resolution within reach. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Connectome to behaviour: modelling C. elegans at cellular resolution’.

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Gallardo, Pablo, Leticia Becerra, Ángel Pérez, and Longina Castellanos. "Adaptación del Método Multiescala para la Simulación de Acuíferos." Aqua-LAC 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2011): 09–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29104/phi-aqualac/2011-v3-1-02.

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Un modelo de flujo de agua subterránea es una herramienta de apoyo para administrar y explotar racionalmente un acuífero, permite predecir los niveles de agua que se obtendrían usando diferentes políticas de explotación, antes de que éstas se implementen. Desde la década de los 70’s, los modelos de simulación numérica y matemáticos se han venido empleando para el estudio del agua subterránea (Yeh, 1986). En general, estos modelos son resueltos mediante aproximaciones en diferencias finitas o elementos finitos. El gran desarrollo que han tenido las computadoras ha permitido utilizar algoritmos complejos. Es por eso que en la actualidad tenemos la posibilidad de utilizar mallas con una discretización muy refinada, generando un enorme sistema de ecuaciones que se puede resolver mediante los métodos iterativos. Como resultado se tiene una solución mucho más exacta. La estimación de parámetros en aguas subterráneas a través de los métodos inversos es en términos matemáticos, un problema mal planteado dado que su solución no es única. Allison (1979) menciona que la no-unicidad e inestabilidad son comúnmente una propiedad interna invariable de los problemas inversos. La inestabilidad de la solución inversa proviene del hecho que en errores pequeños en las cargas hidráulicas puede causar serios errores en los parámetros estimados (Yeh, 1986). Hay que usar entonces una estrategia de regularización. El Método de Regularización Multiescala (MS) ha mostrado en la práctica su efectividad y constituye una alternativa al Método de Regularización de Tíjonov (TJ), que depende de un parámetro de regularización difícil de encontrar. Ambos métodos de regularización se incorporaron al código fuente del simulador de acuíferos denominado MODFLOW−2000 que ha demostrado ser eficiente y de amplio uso en esta área. En este trabajo se muestran también algunos resultados obtenidos por los autores en la temática de estimación de parámetros usando ejemplos académicos sintéticos. Los métodos que se discuten en este artículo están a la vanguardia y los resultados han sido alentadores.

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Jiang, Shouqi, Guoqing Li, Yechun Xin, Lixin Wang, and Weiru Wang. "Interface algorithm development for PHIL simulations of MMC-HVDC devices via real-time impedance matching." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 16 (March 1, 2019): 3234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8691.

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Binder, K. "Monte-Carlo-Simulation - Experimentierlabor der statistischen Physik." Physik Journal 49, no. 7-8 (July 1993): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phbl.19930490714.

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LEE, In-Ho. "Protein Folding Simulations: Numerical Experiments." Physics and High Technology 20, no. 5 (May 31, 2011): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.20.021.

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Begelman, Mitchell C., and Mateusz Ruszkowski. "Mechanical heating by active galaxies." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1828 (January 17, 2005): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2004.1518.

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Jets and winds are significant channels for energy loss from accreting black holes. These outflows mechanically heat their surroundings, through shocks as well as gentler forms of heating. We discuss recent efforts to understand the nature and distribution of mechanical heating by central active galactic nuclei (AGN) in clusters of galaxies, using numerical simulations and analytic models. Specifically, we will discuss whether the relatively gentle ‘effervescent heating’ mechanism can compensate for radiative losses in the central regions of clusters, and account for the excess entropy observed at larger radii. J. Binney (2005 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A , 363 , 739−749, doi: 10.1098/rsta.2004.1520) discusses the possible role of violent, episodic heating by AGN in clusters.

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HYEON, Changbong. "Coarse-grained Simulations of Biological Motors." Physics and High Technology 20, no. 5 (May 31, 2011): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.20.022.

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Müller, I. "Metalle mit Gedächtnis: Phänomene, Anwendungen und Simulation eines Materialverhaltens." Physik Journal 44, no. 5 (May 1988): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phbl.19880440504.

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Alexandrov, Dmitri V., Liubov V. Toropova, Ekaterina A. Titova, Andrew Kao, Gilles Demange, Peter K. Galenko, and Markus Rettenmayr. "The shape of dendritic tips: a test of theory with computations and experiments." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2205 (July 19, 2021): 20200326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0326.

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This article is devoted to the study of the tip shape of dendritic crystals grown from a supercooled liquid. The recently developed theory (Alexandrov & Galenko 2020 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 378 , 20190243. ( doi:10.1098/rsta.2019.0243 )), which defines the shape function of dendrites, was tested against computational simulations and experimental data. For a detailed comparison, we performed calculations using two computational methods (phase-field and enthalpy-based methods), and also made a comparison with experimental data from various research groups. As a result, it is shown that the recently found shape function describes the tip region of dendritic crystals (at the crystal vertex and some distance from it) well. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 1)’.

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Мееров, И. Б., С. И. Бастраков, И. А. Сурмин, А. А. Гоносков, Е. С. Ефименко, А. В. Башинов, А. В. Коржиманов, et al. "Three-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulation on Intel Xeon Phi: performance optimization and case study." Numerical Methods and Programming (Vychislitel'nye Metody i Programmirovanie), no. 4 (December 18, 2015): 486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.26089/nummet.v16r446.

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Рассматривается проблема эффективного использования ускорителей Xeon Phi при моделировании лазерной плазмы. Приводится анализ особенностей архитектуры Xeon Phi, влияющих на производительность кода при численном моделировании плазмы методом частиц в ячейках. Описывается параллельный программный комплекс PICADOR, оптимизированный ранее для расчетов на ускорителях. Производительность программного комплекса на Xeon Phi в сравнении с CPU исследуется при решении трех вычислительно трудоемких задач. Обсуждается соотношение времени расчета на Xeon Phi и CPU на разных этапах метода частиц в ячейках. Демонстрируется, что в зависимости от особенностей задачи Xeon Phi может как опережать, так и отставать от CPU при выполнении расчетов. An efficient application of computational systems equipped with Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors for the laser-plasma simulation is considered. The features of Xeon Phi architecture that influence the performance of Particle-in-Cell plasma simulation are analyzed. The PICADOR parallel plasma simulation code previously optimized for Xeon Phi is described. Its performance on Xeon Phi compared to CPU is studied on three computationally intensive plasma simulation problems. The ratio of computational time on Xeon Phi to CPU is discussed for the main stages of the Particle-in-Cell method. It is shown that, depending on the features of a physical problem, the use of Xeon Phi can be both advantageous and disadvantageous compared to CPU.

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HAN, Sang Soo, and Hyungjun KIM. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Describing Chemical Reactions." Physics and High Technology 21, no. 10 (October 31, 2012): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.21.039.

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Moiseeva, O. A., and M. Yu Chernavskiy. "Idea of Totality Ideology in Modern Social Philosophy." Sociology and Law, no. 3 (October 4, 2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2019-3-23-33.

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The article analyzes the trend towards the totality of ideology in modern socio-philo sophical thought. The totality of ideology is expressed in the spread of this phenomenon to number of aspects of human social life. Philosophers methodologically appeal to the understanding of ideology as discursive knowledge (M. Foucault), state-determined symbolic system of describing the world (P. Bourdieu), connotation (R. Barth), simula crum and simulation (J. Baudrillard), the desire of the subject (S. Zizek).

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Jung, Jee-Hoon. "Power hardware-in-the-loop simulation (PHILS) of photovoltaic power generation using real-time simulation techniques and power interfaces." Journal of Power Sources 285 (July 2015): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.052.

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JEON, Chanil, Juin KIM, and Hawoong JEONG. "Which Thermostat/Barostat Algorithm Should We Choose for Our Molecular Dynamics Simulation?" Physics and High Technology 21, no. 10 (October 31, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.21.038.

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Journal articles on the topic 'PHIL simulation'

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