Relevant bibliographies by topics / Philippine literature

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Philippine literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Philippine literature"

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Samantha Sugue, Alliah, and MERCEDITA REYES. "Rediscovering the Value of Philippine Mythology for Philippine Schools: Literature Review." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 4, no. 3 (October 3, 2022): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v4i3.1057.

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The Philippines is one of the countries rich in culture, characterized by different literary art forms, such as indigenous rituals and folk narratives that are passed on to future generations. However, although there have been recurring studies about these literary pieces, some narratives and fields of literary studies are being neglected, such as Philippine Mythology. Yet, the preservation and recognition of Philippine myths may be resolved through the copious integration of these myths into the academe. In this article, the author introduced the state of literature, mainly folk narratives, in Philippine schools and the nature of myths, including the different mythological creatures present in them. There are many discussions concerning the appreciation of these texts from different articles and studies from prominent authors, yet reliving these myths remains not progressive. Schools are one of the most accessible yet trusted sources of facts and important learning, which also are home for young generations who are supposed to be heirs of these value-laden artifacts.
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L. Manire, Rocky Niño. "For a Limited Period of Time: Implementing Emergency Remote Teaching in this Pandemic-Laden Times." International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54476/iimrj267.

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Since the outbreak of the virus, several countries including the Philippines was greatly affected, forcing the national government to implement various categories of quarantine protocols and drastic measures to ensure the containment of the disease. Among the greatly affected sectors of industry, educational system grieved immensely because of the suspension of classes and forcing several basic education schools as well as several colleges and universities to terminate the semester. As this global pandemic continue to threaten the basic education system in the Philippines, and with the unsecured and unsafe environment due to this health crisis, the possibility of resuming physical classes is very unlikely. Hence, the implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) plays a crucial role in the Philippine educational context during this crisis. As a supervisory intervention, ERT is a temporary solution of reinforcing the lack of face-to-face interaction of learning through various platforms – digital media, radio, television learning and the likes. This paper adapts literature-based methodology using literature review as its method of presenting the nature and characteristics of ERT and its implications to Philippine educational system through various literatures found in the digital. More so, it presents an overview of the challenges the Philippine education system faced upon its implementation. Further empirical researches on the impact of implementing ERT among Philippine public and private educational institutions in the basic and higher education program is recommended.
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Benitez, Christian Jil, and Phrae Chittiphalangsri. "Philippine philippine, or the Tropics in Cixous’s Dreaming True." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 22, no. 2 (July 23, 2023): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.22.2.2023.3973.

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Hélène Cixous’s oneiric ideation of the philippine (twin almond)—and by extension, her text Philippines (2009/2011)—primarily evokes love, or that force of attraction between two beings in which one can never say where each begins or ends. It is by the virtue of this entanglement that another philippine can be offered to this discourse: the Philippines that is that archipelago which encloses and opens up a particular location and reality within the tropics. This essay attempts to reconsider Cixous’s philippine via the Philippine, through dwelling on the stroke of homophony between these two signifiers and encountering them as materials in and of themselves. As such, these words are recognized here not simply as objects of the critique, but as its very method, a material poetics through which a comparative reading can be initiated and pursued. Through this reading, despite the absence of any explicit referentiality between the words being coincided here, the loving promise of ‘telepathic philippine’ is practiced, and perhaps more faithfully so, by expanding Cixous’s exclusively Euro-Western and temperate ideation to the Philippine tropics. In decolonially yoking Cixous’s Philippines and the Philippines together, the essay ultimately intimates their being twin kernels, too, dwelling in a single shell—that same shell that is this planet.
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Vista, Alvin. "Equity in cross-cultural gifted screening from a Philippine perspective." Gifted Education International 31, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429414526657.

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This paper discusses issues on cross-cultural gifted screening from a Philippine perspective. Research on gifted education in the Philippines, and Southeast Asia in general, is still nascent. The main focus of this review of literature is on equity of the gifted education screening process across wide socioeconomic, cultural, and linguistic differences within the student population. On account of the relative lack of specific literature on Philippine gifted education, this review links the findings in gifted education research from Western-based countries and relates the findings to the Philippine context. For example, although the Philippines do not have as much of an issue of racial inequity in schools as the United States, the same inequity because of socioeconomic factors can be tackled similarly. The implication of alternative assessments, and their utility in cross-cultural gifted education, are also examined.
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Mutiarin, Dyah, Queenie Pearl V. Tomaro, and David N. Almarez. "The War on Drugs of Philippines and Indonesia: A Literature Review." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 1 (February 17, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i1.14355.

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The paper explains the realities surrounding the Drug Wars of Indonesia and Philippines through a comparative lens. Analytically, the existing literature of both the Philippine case and Indonesian case about War on Drugs are scrutinized based on the context which depicts the severity of the drug problem; the strategies undertaken; the political figures of the Indonesian and Philippine Drug Wars, Joko Widodo and Rodrigo Duterte; and lastly, the criticisms surrounding the drug campaigns. Furthering the understanding of the prominent drug wars in Southeast Asia becomes crucial with the surrounding international controversies of the drug campaigns alongside the wide domestic support both campaigns have garnered.
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Acosto, Viness Pearl Kristina R., Fernandez, Athena Dimple E., Imba, Sharine Beth A., and Engay, Danilo G. Jr. "Exploration of Philippine Literature a Corpus-Based Study Framework." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 17, no. 12 (November 9, 2023): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2023/v17i12583.

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The literature of the Philippines shows the European, North American and Asian colonial legacy of the country, hence the diverse and richness of the written works that it contains. These literary pieces could be interpreted in various ways that could help understand how those influences shaped Philippine literature and contributed to the nation’s history and traditions over the years. The study sought to explore the literary works of the Philippines, particularly short stories. Narrative Analysis, specifically Gerard Genette’s theory of Narratology with four analytical categories — narrative mood, narrative instance, narrative levels, and narrative time was used in interpreting the selected 32 short stories from the American to the Contemporary period. After a thorough analysis of the selected pieces, the study was able to determine that predominantly, Filipino writers from the time specified followed a varied manner in the act of narrating, employed a heterodiegetic voice, extradiegetic in its embedded narratives and a fair incorporation of singulative, repetitive and iterative components. Through the analysis, it was found that the narrative mood, instance, time, and level that were found in each literary piece were represented in both distinct and relative manner. The researchers recommend to the administrators in education to utilize studies as means to structure other similar studies to help provide more evaluation and inquiries to the Philippine literary works and for future researchers to produce more credible and generous sources about the interpretation, survey and analysis of the different literary pieces in the Philippines from the previous eras to the Contemporary time.
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Kelsey, W. Michael, and Damiana L. Eugenio. "Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology." Asian Folklore Studies 44, no. 2 (1985): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1178523.

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Retherford, Robert, and Damiana L. Eugenio. "Philippine Folk Literature: The Myths." Asian Folklore Studies 56, no. 1 (1997): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1178808.

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Lee, Gabriela. "When the Shoe Doesn't Fit: Reading Cinderella as Colonial Children's Literature in the Philippines." Children's Literature Association Quarterly 48, no. 2 (June 2023): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chq.2023.a918230.

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Abstract: This essay explores how non-Anglophone versions of the Cinderella story are used to affirm or challenge certain colonial or imperial ideals that were carried by canonical Eurocentric children's texts circulated during the Golden Age of children's literature. Examining two specific Philippine versions of Cinderella that were initially produced during the American colonial period (1898-1946) in the Philippines demonstrates that children's literature—particularly texts imported by colonial educators as well as texts produced by local writers—was a site of contestation and creation. This analysis focuses on how these adaptations were used as a tool for colonial expansion and education, but at the same time, were adapted to suit the search for a Philippine national identity.
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Sánchez Gumiel, Mario. "A Quixotic Venture: Spanish-Philippine Poetry at the Turn of the 19th Century, or Resistance against Oblivion." Humanis 25, no. 4 (November 8, 2021): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i04.p03.

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This essay explores, by means of three Philippine poems written in Spanish during the first half of the twentieth century, the claim of a Philippine cultural identity sustained in the Spanish heritage. After a short overview of the Spanish colonization in the Philippines and the presence of the Spanish language in the archipelago, I will use Paul Friedrich’s theoretical approach on poetry as a source for the study of a culture. Then I will proceed to the examination of three poems written by Philippine writers: Fernando María Guerreros’ “A Hispania” (1913), Claro Mayo Recto’s “Las dalagas Filipinas” (1911), and Jesús Balmori’s “Blasón” (undated) by means of the close reading approach. In the exploration of this claim of a Philippine cultural identity rooted in the Spanish heritage, I additionally consider the role of the United States, and take into account some initiatives that have tried to continue the study of this literature throughout the twentieth and twenty-first century. I conclude that poetry is a valuable way to analyse culture, and, for the specific case of Spanish and the Philippines, I suggest that Spanish-Philippine poetry helps know the heritage of Spanish in the archipelago
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Philippine literature"

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Bellen, Christine Siu. "The historic voice of Bukid: a postcolonial reading of Manila and Bicol's comtemporary." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/306.

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Writing the history of children's literature in the postcolonial era remains important, because it serves as the counter-assertion to the history of the child and the history of children's literature dominated by the West. The once-silenced voice of the postcolonial child must resurface in in literary criticism, because it asserts the strangeness and otherness that the West and of which it has remained largely ignorant. The present study offers a postcolonial reading of children's literature in the Philippines in the context of succeeding waves of Spanish and American colonization. In making close-readings of selected works, I analyze the dynamic between metropolitan Manila and provincial Bicol, in the effort to reconfigure operative binaries of city and country still shaping the economic, historical and cultural realities in everyday Filipino/a life. Philippine children's literature remains "Manila -centric"not only because the capital city retains the monopoly of cultural production nationally, but because it perpetuates the legacy of colonialism in language and educational policy required by elites in the center. By contrast, Bicol represents the power, voice, and authority of the once -marginalized periphery, whereby an alternative to Manila in children's literary disc ourse has emerged, born out of (as I argue here) a specifically and culturally situated local discourse: that of the bukid or mountain.Bukid is the Bicol term for the rice field, mountain, and volcano. The iconic mountain-volcano of our region, the Mayon Volcano, represents the power of bukid now appearing on the horizon of the metropolitan imaginary. The mountain is speaking back. Historically, bukid has served as a shelter for the marginalized. It also has provided refuge for revolutionaries rebelling against the colonizers based in the center. As an as -yet under-theorized voice linking local landscape to history, the voice of bukid is crucial to the study of Filipino/a children's literature, because its very solidity and monumentality are integral to Filipino/a consciousness everywhere. (Every region has its own mountain.) The voice of the bukid not only challenges the binarism between the city and the country, but makes a critique of the current centralized system of production impoverishing the regional capacity for children's literature in the Philippines. My personal experience as a Filipina -Chinese woman writing on behalf of our children remains connected to these marginalized spaces seemingly so distant from the metropolitan imagination. According to Gloria Anzaldua, "The work of the mestiza consciousness is to break down the subject-object duality that keeps her a prisoner and to show in the flesh and through the images of her work how duality is transcended" (80)
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Martin, Jocelyn S. "Re/membering: articulating cultural identity in Philippine fiction in English." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210163.

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This dissertation examines how Philippine (or Filipino) authors emphasise the need for articulating or “re/membering” cultural identity. The researcher mainly draws from the theory of Caribbean critic, Stuart Hall, who views cultural identity as an articulation which allows “the fragmented, decentred human agent” to be considered as one who is both “subject-ed” by power but/and one who is capable of acting against those powers (Grossberg 1996 [1986]: 157, emphasis mine). Applied to the Philippine context, this writer argues that, instead of viewing an apparent fragmented Filipino identity as a hindrance to “defining” cultural identity, she views the “damaged” (Fallows 1987) Filipino history as a the material itself which allows articulation of identity. Instead of reducing the cultural identity of a people to what-they-could-have-been-had-history-not-intervened, she puts forward a vision of identity which attempts to transfigure these “damages” through the efforts of coming-to-terms with history. While this point of view has already been shared by other critics (such as Feria 1991 or Dalisay 1998:145), the author’s contribution lies in presenting re/membering to describe a specific type of articulation which neither permits one to deny wounds of the past nor stagnate in them. Moreover, re/membering allows one to understand continuous re-articulations of “new” identities (due to current migration), while putting an “arbitrary closure” (Hall) to simplistic re-articulations which may only further the “lines of tendential forces” (such as black or brown skin bias) or hegemonic practices.

Written as such (with a slash),“re/membering” encapsulates the following three-fold meaning: (1) a “re-membering”, to indicate “a putting together of the dismembered past to make sense of the trauma of the present” (Bhabha 1994:63); as (2) a “re-membering” or a re-integration into a group and; as (3) “remembering” which implies possessing “memory or … set [ting] off in search of a memory” (Ricoeur 2004:4). As a morphological unit, “re/membering” designates, the ways in which Filipino authors try to articulate cultural identity through the routes of colonisation, migration and dictatorship.

The authors studied in this thesis include: Carlos Bulosan, Bienvenido Santos, N.V.M. Gonzalez, Nick Joaquin, Frank Sionil José, Ninotchka Rosca, Jessica Hagedorn, and Merlinda Bobis. Sixty-years separate Bulosan’s America is in the Heart (1943) from Hagedorn’s Dream Jungle (2003). Analysis of these works reveals how articulation is both difficult and hopeful. On the one hand, authors criticize the lack of efforts and seriousness towards articulation of cultural identity as re/membering (coming to terms with the past, fostering belonging and cultivating memory). Not only is re/membering challenged by double-consciousness (Du Bois 1994), dismemberment and forgetting, moreover, its necessity is likewise hard to recognize because of pain, trauma, phenomena of splitting, escapist attitudes and preferences for a “comfortable captivity”.

On the other hand, re/membering can also be described as hopeful by the way authors themselves make use of literature to articulate identity through research, dialogue, time, reconciliation and re-creation. Although painstaking and difficult, re/membering is important and necessary because what is at stake is an articulated Philippine cultural identity. However, who would be prepared to make the effort?

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Cette thèse démontre que, pour les auteurs philippins, l’articulation ou « re/membering » l'identité culturelle, est nécessaire. Le chercheur s'appuie principalement sur la théorie de Stuart Hall, qui perçoit l'identité culturelle comme une articulation qui permet de considérer l’homme assujetti capable aussi d'agir contre des pouvoirs (cf. Grossberg 1996 [1986]: 157). Appliquée au contexte philippin, cet auteur soutient que, au lieu de la visualisation d'une identité fragmentée apparente comme un obstacle à une « définition » de l'identité culturelle, elle regarde l’histoire philippine «abîmée» (Fallows 1987) comme le matériel même qui permet l'articulation d’identité. Au lieu de réduire l'identité culturelle d'un peuple à ce qu’ ils auraint pû être avant les interventions de l’histoire, elle met en avant une vision de l'identité qui cherche à transfigurer ces "dommages" par un travail d’acceptation avec l'histoire.

Bien que ce point de vue a déjà été partagé par d'autres critiques (tels que Feria 1991 ou Dalisay 1998:145), la contribution de l'auteur réside dans la présentation de « re/membering » pour décrire un type d'articulation sans refouler les plaies du passé, mais sans stagner en elles non plus. De plus, « re/membering » permet de comprendre de futures articulations de « nouvelles » identités culturelles (en raison de la migration en cours), tout en mettant une «fermeture arbitraire» (Hall) aux ré-articulations simplistes qui ne font que promouvoir des “lines of tendential forces” (Hall) (tels que des préjugés sur la couleur brune ou noire de peau) ou des pratiques hégémoniques.

Rédigé en tant que telle (avec /), « re/membering » comporte une triple signification: (1) une «re-membering », pour indiquer une mise ensemble d’un passé fragmenté pour donner un sens au traumatisme du présent (cf. Bhabha, 1994:63); (2) une «re-membering» ou une ré-intégration dans un groupe et finalement, comme (3)"remembering", qui suppose la possession de mémoire ou une recherche d'une mémoire »(Ricoeur 2004:4). Comme unité morphologique, « re/membering » désigne la manière dont les auteurs philippins tentent d'articuler l'identité culturelle à travers les routes de la colonisation, les migrations et la dictature.

Les auteurs inclus dans cette thèse sont: Carlos Bulosan, Bienvenido Santos, NVM Gonzalez, Nick Joaquin, Frank Sionil José, Ninotchka Rosca, Jessica Hagedorn, et Merlinda Bobis. Soixante ans séparent America is in the Heart (1943) du Bulosan et le Dream Jungle (2003) du Hagedorn. L'analyse de ces œuvres révèle la façon dont l'articulation est à la fois difficile et pleine d'espoir. D'une part, les auteurs critiquent le manque d'efforts envers l'articulation en tant que « re/membering » (confrontation avec le passé, reconnaissance de l'appartenance et cultivation de la mémoire). Non seulement est « re/membering » heurté par le double conscience (Du Bois 1994), le démembrement et l'oubli, en outre, sa nécessité est également difficile à reconnaître en raison de la douleur, les traumatismes, les phénomènes de scission, les attitudes et les préférences d'évasion pour une captivité "confortable" .

En même temps, « re/membering » peut également être décrit comme plein d'espoir par la façon dont les auteurs eux-mêmes utilisent la littérature pour articuler l'identité à travers la recherche, le dialogue, la durée, la réconciliation et la re-création. Bien que laborieux et difficile, « re/membering » est important et nécessaire car ce qui est en jeu, c'est une identité culturelle articulée des Philippines. Mais qui serait prêt à l'effort?


Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Newbound, B. P. "Rhetoric and reality in Cecero's Philippics : a study of Philippics 3-4." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375994.

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Rifareal, Rebekah. "Paradox of Identity: The Role of National Language and Literature in the Philippines." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5442.

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The Philippines lies at the intersection of two global empires, having been under Spanish colonial rule from 1521-1898 and American colonial rule from 1899-1945. As a country that expresses a melange of cultures, both on the global and local level, Filipino national identity is constantly in debate. This thesis examines how literature in the Philippines can play a role in establishing a national identity in relation to the ways in which Filipinos of both the home country and the Filipino diaspora negotiate language. Analyzing José Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere (1887) alongside Jessica Hagedorn’s Dogeaters (1990) through the theoretical framework of the contact zone, a rejection of the third space, and deterritorialization shows that Filipino culture consumes imposing foreign cultures, dismantling even their label as foreign. Thus, the interaction between Filipino culture and colonial culture is a rich example of how to decentralize the Western gaze in postcolonial literary analysis.
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Sánchez, Ruiz María. "Los manuscritos reales de Philippe de Commynes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667700.

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This doctoral thesis is responsible for making a critical edition of two Spanish manuscripts, namely: the codex escurialense J.I.6 and the testimony BNE 17638, which we keep of the historiographical work of the French author Philippe de Commynes (1477-1511), known as the Mémoires. Although, not only it is dedicated to present a critical edition of the first part of this great work, but also it aims to carry out a social, cultural, historical, political and, of course, philological and ecdotic study of the mentioned text. Therefore, the thesis is divided into two volumes: on the one hand, an introductory study on a series of historical, political, social and cultural issues concerning to translations, and, on the other hand, the critical edition of two of the Spanish translations of the work of the historian.
Esta tesis doctoral se ocupa de realizar una edición crítica de dos manuscritos castellanos, a saber: el códice escurialense J.I.6 y el testimonio BNE 17638, que conservamos de la obra historiográfica del autor francés Philippe de Commynes (1477-1511), conocida como las Mémoires. Si bien, no solo se dedica a presentar una edición crítica de la primera parte de esta gran obra, sino que también pretende realizar un estudio social, cultural, histórico, político y, como no, filológico y ecdótico, de dicho texto. Por ello la tesis se divide en dos volúmenes: por una parte, un estudio introductorio sobre una serie de cuestiones históricas, políticas, sociales y culturales que atañen a las traducciones, y, por otra parte, la edición crítica de dos de las traducciones castellanas de la obra del historiador.
Aquesta tesi doctoral s’ocupa de realitzar una edició crítica de dos manuscrits castellans, a saber: el còdex escurialense J.I.6 i el testimoni BNE 17638, que conservem de la obra historiogràfica de l’autor francès Philippe de Commynes (1477-1511), coneguda com les Mémoires. Si bé, no només es dedica a presentar una edició crítica de la primera part d’aquesta gran obra, sinó que també pretén realitzar un estudi social, cultural, històric i polític i, com no, filològic i ecdòtic, del mencionat text. Per això la tesi es divideix en dos volums: per una banda, un estudi introductori sobre una sèrie de qüestions històriques, polítiques, socials i culturals que fan referència a les traduccions, i, d’altra banda, l’edició crítica de dues traduccions castellanes de la obra de l'historiador.
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Pollard, Malcolm Charles. "Narrative and the visual in the novels of Philippe Sollers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317298.

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Pace, Ana Amelia Barros Coelho. "Lendo e escrevendo sobre o pacto autobiográfico de Philippe Lejeune." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8146/tde-06122012-143422/.

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Philippe Lejeune, ao examinar a produção autobiográfica em língua francesa, identificou um traço constante nas obras de sua leitura, ao qual ele deu o nome de pacto autobiográfico. Em uma de suas formulações, o pacto autobiográfico seria a manifestação do engajamento pessoal do autobiógrafo, por meio de uma construção textual (prefácio, nota introdutória, preâmbulo) ou paratextual (título e subtítulo, informações de contracapa e orelhas do livro), que permite ao leitor admitir o texto como expressão da personalidade daquele que escreve, em seu valor de verdade. A construção teórica se mostra insuficiente: de um texto a outro, Lejeune revê e rediscute o pacto, aplicando nuances, levantando as ambiguidades em que o gênero está envolvido. Nessas tentativas de se aproximar mais do gênero, ele se expressa de maneira autobiográfica. Com isso, seu texto torna-se ele mesmo um objeto de estudo. Busco, em minha pesquisa, evidenciar o caráter relacional do pacto autobiográfico, na conjugação de atos de escrita e leitura. Parto de uma leitura de seus estudos sobre o gênero autobiográfico, colocando-os em diálogo com sua própria trajetória de pesquisador. Indo além, interessa-nos observar as leituras que Lejeune empreende em torno das Confissões de Rousseau, em paralelo aos primeiros textos teóricos. Em seguida, considerar os pactos lançados nos estudos em torno de diários, realizados num momento posterior às teorizações do pacto autobiográfico. Importa colocar em evidência as maneiras pelas quais o pacto se manifesta no próprio texto crítico de Lejeune. Nesse sentido, busco articular a dimensão autobiográfica e a dimensão crítica de seus textos.
Philippe Lejeune, examining the autobiographical production in French, identified a constant feature in the readings he did, to which he named autobiographical pact. In one of his formulations, the autobiographical pact would be the manifestation of the personal engagement of the autobiographer through a textual construction (prologue, introductory note, preamble) or para-textual (title and subtitle, information on the inside cover and book flaps), allowing the reader to admit the text as an expression of the personality of the writer, in its true value. The theoretical construction has proved insufficient: from one text to another Lejeune reviews and re-discusses the pact, applying nuances, raising the ambiguities in which the genre is involved. In those attempts to get closer to the genre, he expresses himself in an autobiographical manner. With that, his text becomes an object of study in itself. With my research, I intend to make evident the relational character of the autobiographical pact, in the conjugation of acts of reading and writing. I start with my readings of his studies about the autobiographical genre, putting them in dialogue with his own trajectory as a researcher. Besides that, we are also interested in observing the readings Lejeune undertake around the Confessions by Rousseau, in parallel to the first theoretical texts. After that, consider the pacts cast in the studies of the diaries, made after the theorizations of the autobiographical pact. It is important to make evident the ways in which the pact is expressed in Lejeune\'s critical text itself. In that sense, I expect to articulate both the autobiographical and the critical dimensions in his texts.
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Reed, Jeffrey T. "A discourse analysis of Philippians : method and rhetoric in the debate over literary integrity." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3523/.

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The first part of this work sets forth a workable hermeneutic of linguistic discourse analysis for Hellenistic Greek texts. The second part applies this model to Paul's letter to the Philippians with respect to the issue of its literary integrity. Does the canonical Philippians represent one original letter written by Paul or a later compilation of two or more originally separate letters? Chapter 1 introduces the linguistic theory of discourse analysis, defining key terms, sketching its historical evolution, and outlining four major tenets: (i) analysis of the production and processing of discourse; (ii) analysis beyond the sentence; (iii) analysis of social functions of language use; and (iv) analysis of cohesiveness. Chapter 2 sets forth a model of discourse analysis primarily based on the systemic-functional theories of M. A. K. Halliday, with particular attention given to the three meta-functions of language- ideational, interpersonal, and textual. Chapter 3 outlines the debate over the literary integrity of Philippians by discussing the origin of the debate, its subsequent development, and its current status. Evidence is then presented from both sides of the debate, revolving around five key issues: (i) the transition to Phil 3; (ii) the so-called `thank you' note in 4: 10-20; (iii) other internal linguistic evidence; (iv) external, extra-biblical sources; and (v) the redactor's motives. Chapter 4 inspects the genre (structure) of Philippians, challenging rhetorical approaches to the text and proposing instead an epistolary classification, viz. `personal, hortatory letter'. Each epistolary formula is then analysed, with special attention given to Phil 3: 1 and 4: 10-20, two highly disputed areas of the letter. Chapter five focuses on the language and grammar (texture) of the letter, investigating its use of ideational, interpersonal, and textual functions of Hellenistic Greek. In chapter six, relevant issues of biblical hermeneutics are addressed and a single-letter and a double-letter reading of the canonical text are set forth.
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Coplestone-Crow, Natasha. "Philippe de Vitry and the development of the early fourteenth-century motet." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311732.

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Escondo, Kristina A. "Anti-Colonial Archipelagos: Expressions of Agency and Modernity in the Caribbean and the Philippines, 1880-1910." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405510408.

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Books on the topic "Philippine literature"

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Quezon City: University of the Philippines, 2002.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, and National Research Council of the Philippines., eds. Philippine folk literature. Quezon City: U.P. Folklorists, Inc., 1987.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1994.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1993.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2002.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Quezon City, Philippines: U.P. Folklorists, U.P. Diliman, 1992.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2001.

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L, Eugenio Damiana, ed. Philippine folk literature. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2001.

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Balarbar, Corazon V. Gems in Philippine literature. Manila: National Bookstore, Inc., 1989.

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Bienvenido, Lumbera, and Lumbera Cynthia Nograles, eds. Philippine literature: A history & anthology. Pasig City, Philippines: Anvil, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Philippine literature"

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Cruz, Isagani R. "Philippine Literature in English1." In Philippine English, 210–18. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429427824-21.

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Benitez, Christian Jil. "Philippine Literature and Ecofeminism." In The Routledge Handbook of Ecofeminism and Literature, 36–45. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003195610-5.

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Yanilla Aquino, Lalaine F. "The Paradox of the Filipino Child: Realistic Philippine Children’s Stories (1990–2018)." In Asian Children’s Literature and Film in a Global Age, 289–310. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2631-2_13.

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Lee, Gabriela. "Through Screens and Streams: Digital Liminality and Identities in Philippine Young Adult Speculative Fiction." In Asian Children’s Literature and Film in a Global Age, 311–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2631-2_14.

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Weis, Joëlle. "“Fait à mes heures de loisir”: Women’s Private Libraries as Spaces of Learning and Knowledge Production." In Women’s Private Practices of Knowledge Production in Early Modern Europe, 105–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44731-0_5.

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AbstractThe Duchesses Elisabeth Sophie Marie (1683–1767) and Philippine Charlotte of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel (1716–1801) both owned substantial collections of several thousand books. Elisabeth’s library primarily contained theological literature, including 1200 Bibles and a unique collection of texts by Martin Luther, which she used to compose theological pamphlets. In addition, she granted access to her collection to selected scholars who, in turn, used the holdings for their research. Although more diversified, Philippine Charlotte’s library functioned as a similar meeting place for scholars of the region and beyond. Moreover, her papers offer an insight into the interaction between her book use and the writing that she did in her free time. In contrast to the usage practices of the neighbouring ducal library, Philippine Charlotte was free to consult the books she wanted in the privacy of her chambers for as long as she wanted to and, most importantly, without fear of being judged. It is certain that, in both cases, the privacy of the library gave the women the freedom to pursue intellectual interests, which were hard to combine with their public role as Duchesses. The fact that both women expanded their libraries considerably after becoming widows only supports the observation that private and “leisure” time could take more space. Based on these findings, this chapter argues that women’s learning and knowledge production in the early modern period both benefitted from and, in many cases, needed privacy.
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Wild, Gerhard. "Ariès, Philippe." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_2445-1.

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Wild, Gerhard. "Desportes, Philippe." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3379-1.

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Wild, Gerhard. "Jaccottet, Philippe." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_4022-1.

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Schmiedebach, Heinz-Peter. "Pinel, Philippe." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_15450-1.

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Wild, Gerhard. "Sollers, Philippe." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_17984-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Philippine literature"

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Quindoza Santiago, Lilia. "FILMING ILOKANO NARRATIVES THE DIY DIGITAL FILM IN THE TEACHING OF A PHILIPPINE LANGUAGE." In Annual International Conference on Language, Literature & Linguistics. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l31287.

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Zabelina, Daria. "THE REVIVAL OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL THEATER — KOMEDYA." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.39.

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Komedya, or moro-moro, is a genre of the Philippine national theater that was flourishing from the second half of the 17th century until the second half of the 19th century. The genre formation was a part of catholic missioners propaganda activities. In time, komedya became the most popular dramatic genre in colonial Philippines. The common features of komedya are: 1) the central theme of komedya is fight between Christians and Muslims, where Christians always win; 2) actions described in komedya never take place in the Philippines, but in an exotic country, for instance in Turkey or in Armenia; 3) Spanish missioners played an important role in the formation of the genre; 4) komedya is the national theater; 5) komedya is a secular genre as adventures dominate over the religious motives. In the middle of the 19th century komedya was criticized by the most progressive Filipinos for being extravagant, lacking logic and not touching upon current Philippine problems. By the beginning of the 20th century komedya was not staged anymore almost everywhere in the Philippines. Its place was taken by the other genres. A number of actions to bring komedya back to its former popularity have been undertaken from the 1970s with the great support of the cultural center of the Philippines and University of the Philippines. It is important to mention that the genre is being changed in order to correspond the needs of the modern Philippine society. For example, the Muslim conflict is not the main topic of the modern Philippine national play as it contradicts the national policy of the Philippines.
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Rellorosa, Ferdinand L. "Cognitive Structuring of Personal Statements in Philippine English: A move-step analysis of graduate application essays written by Filipino graduate students." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Language, Literature and Linguistics (L3 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l313.115.

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Blancaflor, Eric, Bianca Ysabel P. Saunar, Tristian Darrel C. Bilbao, Ian Howell B. Villarias, and Iris Paula V. Mapue. "The Use of Cloud Computing and its Security Risks in a Philippine Education System: A Literature Review." In 2023 11th International Conference on Information and Education Technology (ICIET). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciet56899.2023.10111146.

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Manalo, MOU, MAE Agana, and GY Fernando. "Abstract P3-06-23: Primary breast sarcoma: Clinicopathological outcomes from the Philippine General Hospital and review of literature." In Abstracts: Thirty-Sixth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium - Dec 10-14, 2013; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p3-06-23.

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"A Critical Analysis of the Cebuano Liturgical Songs Composed By Renato E. Madrid: Basis for a Course Guide in Philippine Literature." In International Conference on Research in Social Sciences, Humanities and Education. Universal Researchers (UAE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/uruae.uh0516076.

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C. Geca, Mia Coleen, Hiezel C. Lasat, Sheila Mae F. Carungay, and Elaine Rodriguez. "LiteraturaPH: An Adapted System Analysis and Design-Based Mobile Application for Improving Reading and Comprehension using Philippine Folk Literature among Primary Education Students." In 4th Asia Pacific International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/ap04.20230057.

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Aguila, Rupert Karlo D., Edwin N. Quiros, and Jose Gabriel E. Mercado. "Investigation of Performance and Emissions of a CRDI Passenger Van Fuelled With Coconut Methyl Ester-Diesel Blends Using Drive Cycle and Steady Speed Operation." In ASME 2020 14th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2020-1708.

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Abstract For the past years, Different Philippine local regulations have been imposed to address oil importation and to address environment concerns. One requirement is reduced emission from diesel engines and at the same time reduce the use of fossil fuels for the. In accordance to the Clean Air Act and the Biofuels Act, The Philippine government is looking for possible alternatives to fossil fuels, One of the biodiesel the country is currently using is coconut methyl ester due to the abundance of coconut trees in the country. This research shows the performance and emission characteristics of diesel blended with coconut methyl ester in a CRDi Passenger van and will help the government justify the increase in blend percentage mandated in commercial fuels. This study is investigates 0%, 2%, 5% 10% and 20% Coconut Methyl Ester (CME)-diesel blends. The experiment consisted of Japanese 10-15 standard drive cycle test, steady state test at 40,60, & 80 kph was performed in the Vehicle Research and Testing Laboratory in the University of the Philippines Diliman equipped with chassis dynamometer, fuel flow meter and emissions analyzer. Performance parameters measured are Power, Specific Fuel Consumption and Mileage, while emission characteristics for CO, NOx, THC are measured. PM measurements were not measured for this experiment. In both Drive cycle and steady state test specific fuel consumption and mileage improved with addition of CME, however results showed they are independent of CME percentage. The best improvement was observed with 5%CME blended with neat diesel at 4.8% and 8.5% for drive cycle and steady state test respectively. Majority of the CME-diesel blends showed decrease in emission specifically in CO and THC emission which is consistent to published literature. For both steady state test and drive cycle test up to 29.5% decrease inn CO and up to 64% decrease in THC was observed. This can be attributed to the overall lean mixtures and in the increase of oxygenated fuel at higher CME blends. NOx emission however is consistent for all fuel blends in the drive cycle test while for the steady state test NOx emission is dependnt on the engine speed. Decreasing trend was obtained for 40 and 60 km/h while increasing trend was obtrained at 80 km/h, with respect to %CME. Average power produced for all the speeds was basically constant for all the blends as compared with neat diesel. Lastly, maximum power showed insignificant changes although majority of the blends showed a minimal power reduction as compared to neat diesel.
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Sales, Nina Ana Marie Jocelyn, Nathaniel Villanueva, Matthew Robert Evangelista, Joshua Luigi Emmanuel Cestina, and Jhona Camba. "The Development of a Visual Novel Role-Playing Game [VN RPG] as an Open Educational Resource [OER] for Philippine Literature Educators Administering the “Noli Me Tangere” Module." In 2021 IEEE 13th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem54116.2021.9731836.

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"Figurative Languages in Bicol Literature toward the Production of Instructional Material." In Multi-Disciplinary Manila (Philippines) Conferences Jan. 26-27, 2017 Cebu (Philippines). Universal Researchers (UAE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/uruae.uh0117424.

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Reports on the topic "Philippine literature"

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Bulent, Kenes. The Philippines: From ‘People Power’ to Democratic Backsliding. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/br0014.

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In his recently released book, scholar Mark R. Thompson underscores how the “people power” narrative gradually lost credibility in the Philippines, as evidenced by the opposition’s resounding defeat in the 2022 elections. This outcome demonstrated the diminishing appeal of this discourse among the majority of Filipinos. Given Thompson’s assessment of Duterte’s election and his populist legacy as the latest iteration of a cyclical pattern in Philippine politics, his book represents a valuable contribution to the literature on populism.
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Parker, Rachel, Jennie Chainey, Payal Goundar, Sarah Richardson, Anna Dabrowski, Amy Berry, and Claire Scoular. Summary report. Being and becoming global citizens: Measuring progress toward SDG 4.7. Phase I: Monitoring teacher and school readiness to enact global citizenship in the Asia-Pacific region. Australian Council for Educational Research; Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding (APCEIU), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-721-2.

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The relationship between global citizenship and education quality was established almost a decade ago, when it was described as a target under United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7 – to ‘ensure all learners acquire knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development.’ Despite efforts to define and frame global citizenship education (GCED), systems continue to grapple with understanding, enacting, and measuring it in ways that reflect changing local and global conditions for students, teachers and schools. This study responds to an identified need for tools and resources for systems to enact, monitor and evaluate GCED, particularly in primary school in the Asia-Pacific region. Presented here is a draft framework for monitoring effective GCED, which is relevant to systems, schools, and staff supporting upper primary school students. This was developed through a review of existing instruments and literature, consultation with experts, and data collected through questionnaires and focus group workshops with teachers from Australia, South Korea, and the Philippines.
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Price, Roz. Climate Adaptation: Lessons and Insights for Governance, Budgeting, and Accountability. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.008.

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This rapid review draws on literature from academic, policy and non-governmental organisation sources. There is a huge literature on climate governance issues in general, but less is known about effective support and the political-economy of adaptation. A large literature base and case studies on climate finance accountability and budgeting in governments is nascent and growing. Section 2 of this report briefly discusses governance of climate change issues, with a focus on the complexity and cross-cutting nature of climate change compared to the often static organisational landscape of government structured along sectoral lines. Section 3 explores green public financial management (PFM). Section 4 then brings together several principles and lessons learned on green PFM highlighted in the guidance notes. Transparency and accountability lessons are then highlighted in Section 5. The Key findings are: 1) Engaging with the governance context and the political economy of climate governance and financing is crucial to climate objectives being realised. 2) More attention is needed on whether and how governments are prioritising adaptation and resilience in their own operations. 3) Countries in Africa further along in the green PFM agenda give accounts of reform approaches that are gradual, iterative and context-specific, building on existing PFM systems and their functionality. 4) A well-functioning “accountability ecosystem” is needed in which state and non-state accountability actors engage with one another. 5) Climate change finance accountability systems and ecosystems in countries are at best emerging. 6) Although case studies from Nepal, the Philippines and Bangladesh are commonly cited in the literature and are seen as some of the most advanced developing country examples of green PFM, none of the countries have had significant examples of collaboration and engagement between actors. 7) Lessons and guiding principles for green PFM reform include: use the existing budget cycle and legal frameworks; ensure that the basic elements of a functional PFM system are in place; strong leadership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF) and clear linkages with the overall PFM reform agenda are needed; smart sequencing of reforms; real political ownership and clearly defined roles and responsibilities; and good communication to stakeholders).
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Parker, Rachel, Jennie Chainey, Payal Goundar, Sarah Richardson, Anna Dabrowski, Amy Berry, and Claire Scoular. Being and becoming global citizens: Measuring progress toward SDG 4.7. Phase I: Monitoring teacher and school readiness to enact global citizenship in the Asia-Pacific region. Australian Council for Educational Research, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-718-2.

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Substantive work has been undertaken to define and frame global citizenship education (GCED). Global citizenship and related terms are included in the curricula and policy statements of many diverse nations around the world, however, the education sector often struggles to enact and monitor GCED in ways that reflect the changing conditions of students and schools. This study responds to an identified need for enhanced tools and resources for schools and systems to monitor and evaluate GCED, in accordance with United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7. This need is particularly pressing in the primary school sector, where little research has examined staff or student interpretations of GCED, and the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, where despite significant interest, gaps in understanding and implementing GCED remain. This report presents a draft framework for monitoring effective GCED, which is relevant to systems, schools, and staff supporting upper primary school students. The framework has been developed from a review of existing instruments and research, including work undertaken to frame and assess global citizenship for the Southeast Asia Primary Learning Metrics (SEA-PLM). To develop this framework, we have also sought the input of GCED experts and teachers from the Republic of Korea, the Philippines and Australia to ensure relevance to these contexts. Accompanying the framework is a series of preliminary questions for systems, schools, and teachers designed to assist in exploring enabling conditions for the enactment of global citizenship, which is also underpinned by key findings and gaps from the literature.
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Bourekba, Moussa. Climate Change and Violent Extremism in North Africa. The Barcelona Centre for International Affairs, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc014.

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As climate change intensifies in many parts of the world, more and more policymakers are concerned with its effects on human security and violence. From Lake Chad to the Philippines, including Afghanistan and Syria, some violent extremist (VE) groups such as Boko Haram and the Islamic State exploit crises and conflicts resulting from environmental stress to recruit more followers, expand their influence and even gain territorial control. In such cases, climate change may be described as a “risk multiplier” that exacerbates a number of conflict drivers. Against this backdrop, this case study looks at the relationship between climate change and violent extremism in North Africa, and more specifically the Maghreb countries Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, which are all affected by climate change and violent extremism. There are three justifications for this thematic and geographical focus. Firstly, these countries are affected by climate change in multiple ways: water scarcity, temperature variations and desertification are only a few examples of the numerous cross- border impacts of climate change in this region. Secondly, these three countries have been and remain affected by the activity of violent extremist groups such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), the Islamic State organisation (IS) and their respective affiliated groups. Algeria endured a civil war from 1991 to 2002 in which Islamist groups opposed the government, while Morocco and Tunisia have been the targets of multiple terrorist attacks by jihadist individuals and organisations. Thirdly, the connection between climate change and violent extremism has received much less attention in the literature than other climate-related security risks. Although empirical research has not evidenced a direct relationship between climate change and violent extremism, there is a need to examine the ways they may feed each other or least intersect in the context of North African countries. Hence, this study concentrates on the ways violent extremism can reinforce vulnerability to the effects of climate change and on the potential effects of climate change on vulnerability to violent extremism. While most of the existing research on the interplay between climate change and violent extremism concentrates on terrorist organisations (Asaka, 2021; Nett and Rüttinger, 2016; Renard, 2008), this case study focuses on the conditions, drivers and patterns that can lead individuals to join such groups in North Africa. In other words, it looks at the way climate change can exacerbate a series of factors that are believed to lead to violent radicalisation – “a personal process in which individuals adopt extreme political, social, and/or religious ideals and aspirations, and where the attainment of particular goals justifies the use of indiscriminate violence” (Wilner and Dubouloz, 2010: 38). This approach is needed not only to anticipate how climate change could possibly affect violent extremism in the medium and long run but also to determine whether and how the policy responses to both phenomena should intersect in the near future. Does climate change affect the patterns of violent extremism in North Africa? If so, how do these phenomena interact in this region? To answer these questions, the case study paper first gives an overview of the threat posed by violent extremism in the countries of study and examines the drivers and factors that are believed to lead to violent extremism in North Africa. Secondly, it discusses how these drivers could be affected by the effects of climate change on resources, livelihoods, mobility and other factors. Finally, an attempt is made to understand the possible interactions between climate change and violent extremism in the future and the implications for policymaking.
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Understanding the international provision of allergen information picture in the non-prepacked sector. Food Standards Agency, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.jsi798.

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Our rapid evidence assessment aimed to develop an understanding of the international provision of allergen information in the non-prepacked food sector. A mixed-methods approach was used, including a rapid literature and data review, stakeholder interviews, as well as co-production panel review with our advisor (Dr Audrey DunnGalvin) and members of Allergy UK and the FSA. We found legislation on nine of the 18 countries within the scope for this project. These included three EU countries who have also brought in additional national requirements to EU legislation (Lithuania, Republic of Ireland, and Netherlands); two non-EU countries that align to EU legislation and have additional legislation in place (Switzerland, and Norway); three non-European countries (US, Philippines, and Canada) have legislation in place or draft form; and the UK. While legislation was not found in English for the other countries, all 27 EU member states follow the EU legislation as a minimum requirement. The UK follows EU legislation as we were a member state at the time of implementation. The UK has since left the EU; however the legislation has been retained. The UK has additional legislation for food that is prepacked for direct sale (PPDS), but not other types of non-prepacked food. There is considerable variation across countries and regions, in terms of type of allergens and foods covered, the required format of provision of allergen information (e.g., verbal or written) and the food establishments included within the legislation. Across all countries included within the review, the use of precautionary allergen labelling was voluntary. The overall objective of this rapid evidence assessment was to develop recommendations for the FSA to inform future policy and regulation decisions based on evidence of ‘what works’. However, the reviewed literature provided no evidence of whether approaches are associated with improved safety, compliance, unintended consequences, or feasibility. We were also unable to infer effectiveness via data on reported trends in deaths or incidents pre and post implementation of legislation, as these data was not found for any country. Similarly, there was not enough evidence to allow a systematic analysis of incidents associated with different types or categories of food business operators (FBOs) selling non-prepacked foods. We are therefore unable to provide clear recommendations of ‘what works’ from the evidence. We have instead gathered information on the ideas or potential solutions suggested in the literature.
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