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Journal articles on the topic 'Philippine literature'
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Samantha Sugue, Alliah, and MERCEDITA REYES. "Rediscovering the Value of Philippine Mythology for Philippine Schools: Literature Review." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 4, no. 3 (October 3, 2022): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v4i3.1057.
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The Philippines is one of the countries rich in culture, characterized by different literary art forms, such as indigenous rituals and folk narratives that are passed on to future generations. However, although there have been recurring studies about these literary pieces, some narratives and fields of literary studies are being neglected, such as Philippine Mythology. Yet, the preservation and recognition of Philippine myths may be resolved through the copious integration of these myths into the academe. In this article, the author introduced the state of literature, mainly folk narratives, in Philippine schools and the nature of myths, including the different mythological creatures present in them. There are many discussions concerning the appreciation of these texts from different articles and studies from prominent authors, yet reliving these myths remains not progressive. Schools are one of the most accessible yet trusted sources of facts and important learning, which also are home for young generations who are supposed to be heirs of these value-laden artifacts.
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L. Manire, Rocky Niño. "For a Limited Period of Time: Implementing Emergency Remote Teaching in this Pandemic-Laden Times." International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54476/iimrj267.
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Since the outbreak of the virus, several countries including the Philippines was greatly affected, forcing the national government to implement various categories of quarantine protocols and drastic measures to ensure the containment of the disease. Among the greatly affected sectors of industry, educational system grieved immensely because of the suspension of classes and forcing several basic education schools as well as several colleges and universities to terminate the semester. As this global pandemic continue to threaten the basic education system in the Philippines, and with the unsecured and unsafe environment due to this health crisis, the possibility of resuming physical classes is very unlikely. Hence, the implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) plays a crucial role in the Philippine educational context during this crisis. As a supervisory intervention, ERT is a temporary solution of reinforcing the lack of face-to-face interaction of learning through various platforms – digital media, radio, television learning and the likes. This paper adapts literature-based methodology using literature review as its method of presenting the nature and characteristics of ERT and its implications to Philippine educational system through various literatures found in the digital. More so, it presents an overview of the challenges the Philippine education system faced upon its implementation. Further empirical researches on the impact of implementing ERT among Philippine public and private educational institutions in the basic and higher education program is recommended.
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Benitez, Christian Jil, and Phrae Chittiphalangsri. "Philippine philippine, or the Tropics in Cixous’s Dreaming True." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 22, no. 2 (July 23, 2023): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.22.2.2023.3973.
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Hélène Cixous’s oneiric ideation of the philippine (twin almond)—and by extension, her text Philippines (2009/2011)—primarily evokes love, or that force of attraction between two beings in which one can never say where each begins or ends. It is by the virtue of this entanglement that another philippine can be offered to this discourse: the Philippines that is that archipelago which encloses and opens up a particular location and reality within the tropics. This essay attempts to reconsider Cixous’s philippine via the Philippine, through dwelling on the stroke of homophony between these two signifiers and encountering them as materials in and of themselves. As such, these words are recognized here not simply as objects of the critique, but as its very method, a material poetics through which a comparative reading can be initiated and pursued. Through this reading, despite the absence of any explicit referentiality between the words being coincided here, the loving promise of ‘telepathic philippine’ is practiced, and perhaps more faithfully so, by expanding Cixous’s exclusively Euro-Western and temperate ideation to the Philippine tropics. In decolonially yoking Cixous’s Philippines and the Philippines together, the essay ultimately intimates their being twin kernels, too, dwelling in a single shell—that same shell that is this planet.
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Vista, Alvin. "Equity in cross-cultural gifted screening from a Philippine perspective." Gifted Education International 31, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429414526657.
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This paper discusses issues on cross-cultural gifted screening from a Philippine perspective. Research on gifted education in the Philippines, and Southeast Asia in general, is still nascent. The main focus of this review of literature is on equity of the gifted education screening process across wide socioeconomic, cultural, and linguistic differences within the student population. On account of the relative lack of specific literature on Philippine gifted education, this review links the findings in gifted education research from Western-based countries and relates the findings to the Philippine context. For example, although the Philippines do not have as much of an issue of racial inequity in schools as the United States, the same inequity because of socioeconomic factors can be tackled similarly. The implication of alternative assessments, and their utility in cross-cultural gifted education, are also examined.
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Mutiarin, Dyah, Queenie Pearl V. Tomaro, and David N. Almarez. "The War on Drugs of Philippines and Indonesia: A Literature Review." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 1 (February 17, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i1.14355.
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The paper explains the realities surrounding the Drug Wars of Indonesia and Philippines through a comparative lens. Analytically, the existing literature of both the Philippine case and Indonesian case about War on Drugs are scrutinized based on the context which depicts the severity of the drug problem; the strategies undertaken; the political figures of the Indonesian and Philippine Drug Wars, Joko Widodo and Rodrigo Duterte; and lastly, the criticisms surrounding the drug campaigns. Furthering the understanding of the prominent drug wars in Southeast Asia becomes crucial with the surrounding international controversies of the drug campaigns alongside the wide domestic support both campaigns have garnered.
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Acosto, Viness Pearl Kristina R., Fernandez, Athena Dimple E., Imba, Sharine Beth A., and Engay, Danilo G. Jr. "Exploration of Philippine Literature a Corpus-Based Study Framework." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 17, no. 12 (November 9, 2023): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2023/v17i12583.
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The literature of the Philippines shows the European, North American and Asian colonial legacy of the country, hence the diverse and richness of the written works that it contains. These literary pieces could be interpreted in various ways that could help understand how those influences shaped Philippine literature and contributed to the nation’s history and traditions over the years. The study sought to explore the literary works of the Philippines, particularly short stories. Narrative Analysis, specifically Gerard Genette’s theory of Narratology with four analytical categories — narrative mood, narrative instance, narrative levels, and narrative time was used in interpreting the selected 32 short stories from the American to the Contemporary period. After a thorough analysis of the selected pieces, the study was able to determine that predominantly, Filipino writers from the time specified followed a varied manner in the act of narrating, employed a heterodiegetic voice, extradiegetic in its embedded narratives and a fair incorporation of singulative, repetitive and iterative components. Through the analysis, it was found that the narrative mood, instance, time, and level that were found in each literary piece were represented in both distinct and relative manner. The researchers recommend to the administrators in education to utilize studies as means to structure other similar studies to help provide more evaluation and inquiries to the Philippine literary works and for future researchers to produce more credible and generous sources about the interpretation, survey and analysis of the different literary pieces in the Philippines from the previous eras to the Contemporary time.
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Kelsey, W. Michael, and Damiana L. Eugenio. "Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology." Asian Folklore Studies 44, no. 2 (1985): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1178523.
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Retherford, Robert, and Damiana L. Eugenio. "Philippine Folk Literature: The Myths." Asian Folklore Studies 56, no. 1 (1997): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1178808.
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Lee, Gabriela. "When the Shoe Doesn't Fit: Reading Cinderella as Colonial Children's Literature in the Philippines." Children's Literature Association Quarterly 48, no. 2 (June 2023): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chq.2023.a918230.
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Abstract: This essay explores how non-Anglophone versions of the Cinderella story are used to affirm or challenge certain colonial or imperial ideals that were carried by canonical Eurocentric children's texts circulated during the Golden Age of children's literature. Examining two specific Philippine versions of Cinderella that were initially produced during the American colonial period (1898-1946) in the Philippines demonstrates that children's literature—particularly texts imported by colonial educators as well as texts produced by local writers—was a site of contestation and creation. This analysis focuses on how these adaptations were used as a tool for colonial expansion and education, but at the same time, were adapted to suit the search for a Philippine national identity.
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Sánchez Gumiel, Mario. "A Quixotic Venture: Spanish-Philippine Poetry at the Turn of the 19th Century, or Resistance against Oblivion." Humanis 25, no. 4 (November 8, 2021): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i04.p03.
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This essay explores, by means of three Philippine poems written in Spanish during the first half of the twentieth century, the claim of a Philippine cultural identity sustained in the Spanish heritage. After a short overview of the Spanish colonization in the Philippines and the presence of the Spanish language in the archipelago, I will use Paul Friedrich’s theoretical approach on poetry as a source for the study of a culture. Then I will proceed to the examination of three poems written by Philippine writers: Fernando María Guerreros’ “A Hispania” (1913), Claro Mayo Recto’s “Las dalagas Filipinas” (1911), and Jesús Balmori’s “Blasón” (undated) by means of the close reading approach. In the exploration of this claim of a Philippine cultural identity rooted in the Spanish heritage, I additionally consider the role of the United States, and take into account some initiatives that have tried to continue the study of this literature throughout the twentieth and twenty-first century. I conclude that poetry is a valuable way to analyse culture, and, for the specific case of Spanish and the Philippines, I suggest that Spanish-Philippine poetry helps know the heritage of Spanish in the archipelago
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Laro, Amelyn Lanada. "Teach for Gender Equality Project: An Input to Gender Responsive Curriculum in the Philippine Basic Education System." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, IIIS (2024): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.803017s.
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In the Philippines, teen pregnancy has evolved from a local concern to a national issue, necessitating a comprehensive investigation into its underlying causes and broader implications. This phenomenon underscores a pervasive problem linked to gender inequality, significantly impacting the lives of women and girls. The urgency to address this matter propels the researcher to delve into the development of a curriculum responsive to gender and women’s issues. The primary research focus is on understanding the intricate dimensions of teen pregnancy in the Philippines and recognizing it as a prevalent gender issue. To address this, the study begins with a literature review, examining the national context of teen pregnancy in the Philippines, tracing its origins, and delineating its consequences as a gender issue. The subsequent steps involve exploring global research on gender-sensitive curriculum to extract essential insights and best practices applicable to the Philippine setting. Finally, the study aims to formulate a suggested framework for a gender-responsive curriculum based on the various literatures specifically tailored to address the challenges of gender inequality within the Philippine educational system by integrating knowledge from international literature. Thus, this study finally proposed the adaptation of TEACH Framework which can serve as guide to educators on how they can integrate gender sensitive concepts into their classroom.
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Lesho, Marivic. "Philippine English (Metro Manila acrolect)." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 48, no. 3 (December 18, 2017): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100317000548.
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English is an official language in the Philippines, along with Filipino, a standardized register originally based on Tagalog (Gonzalez 1998). The Philippines were a Spanish colony for over three centuries, but when the Americans took control in 1898, they immediately implemented English instruction in schools (Gonzalez 2004). It became much more widespread among Filipinos than Spanish ever was, and by the late 1960s, Philippine English was recognized as a distinct, nativized variety (Llamzon 1969). It is widely spoken throughout the country as a second language, alongside Filipino and approximately 180 other languages (Lewis, Simmons & Fennig 2016). It is also spoken in the home by a small number of Filipinos, especially among the upper class in Metro Manila (Gonzalez 1983, 1989) and other urban areas. There is a large body of literature on Philippine English. However, relatively few studies have focused on its sound system. The most detailed phonological descriptions of this variety have been by Tayao (2004, 2008), although there have also been previous sketches (Llamzon 1969, 1997; Gonzalez 1984). There has been very little phonetic research on Philippine English, apart from some work describing the vowel system (Pillai, Manueli & Dumanig 2010, Cruz 2015).
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Dimalanta, Ophelia A. "Philippine Literature in English: Tradition Change." World Literature Today 74, no. 2 (2000): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40155577.
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Amoroso, Donald, Ricardo Lim, and Francisco L. Roman. "The Effect of Reciprocity on Mobile Wallet Intention." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 12, no. 2 (April 2021): 57–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.20210401.oa4.
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The authors build on the literature on reciprocity by exploring a prevalent social and economic phenomenon in the Philippines where individuals with positive mobile phone balances can SMS loads to acquaintances. This practice is known as “pasaload”—an abbreviation of Pass-A-Load. The research was designed based on the literature review that in turn resulted in a research model that focused on six constructs: reciprocity, loyalty, habit, switching costs, trust, and future repurchase. Hypotheses were developed as the basis for a scaled survey of 1050 Philippine smartphone users, with the questions adapted from but adhering closely to the original questions from appropriate articles in the literature review. Overall the mediating effects from the two models are consistent with the expectations from the literature and analysis. In the Philippine context, habit might be a strong mediator even if the true financial and convenience costs to switch is low.
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Ordinario, John Alberto H., and Jonathan A. Anticamara. "The Status, Trends, and Limitations of Philippine Mollusk Production and Trade Based on Available Databases and Publications." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 8, no. 3 (September 18, 2023): 73325. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.73325.
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Mollusk trade is vital in many coastal areas and island communities throughout the Philippines because it provides livelihoods, food, and incomes to millions of Filipinos via fisheries (e.g., shellfish fishing and gleaning), shell craft, arts, shell trading and collections, and aquaculture. However, the assessments of the national trends and status of mollusc production and trade in the Philippines are largely non-existent in peer-reviewed literature. The main purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the status and trends of traded Mollusks in the Philippines based on available online databases and a systematic review of published literature. To date, available databases on Philippine mollusk trade showed an initial increase in traded volume (the 1970s to 2006) but decreased afterward. In contrast, the traded mollusk value continued to generally increase over time (albeit the observed decrease between 2011 and 2016), indicating value increase as mollusk volume decreased. However, there is a great need to (1) resolve many of the obvious inconsistencies in data entries across all the available mollusk trade databases (BFAR, PSA, and CITES) and (2) provide field assessment of the Philippine mollusk trade and the conservation status of all traded mollusk taxa in the country.
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DUMILAG, RICHARD V., ZAE-ZAE A. AGUINALDO, CYNTHIA B. MINTU, MYRNA P. QUINTO, EVELYN C. AME, ROLANDO C. ANDRES, WILBERTO D. MONOTILLA, et al. "A review of the current taxonomic status of foliose Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in the Philippines." Phytotaxa 312, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.3.
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Causes of taxonomic confusion are lamentably well known in foliose Bangiales. A magnitude of these uncertainties stems from the paucity of available taxonomic traits in morphologically homoplastic species. At present, the taxonomic identity and systematics of many of the Philippine foliose Bangiales are in a state of flux. A critical examination of published literature on Philippine records of 10 species of foliose Bangiales has rendered the need for re-confirmation of the presence of Porphyra atropurpurea, Porphyra marcosii, Pyropia denticulata, and Pyropia suborbiculata while records of Porphyra umbilicalis, Pyropia vietnamensis, Wildemania variegata, and the invalid name Porphyra crispata have been omitted from the list. Currently, there are only two confirmed species of foliose Bangiales in the Philippines, which are Pyropia acanthophora and Pyropia tanegashimensis. Thus, this review exhorts a re-examination of collected Philippine foliose Bangiales materials using both morphological and molecular analysis.
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Donoso, Isaac. "«Cabayong tabla: estudi i traducció d'un romanç filipí del regne de València (II)»." Revista de Literatura Medieval 29 (December 21, 2018): 13–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/rpm.2017.29.0.69405.
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Resumen: Introducció a la conformació del romacer de tradició hispànica a les illes Filipines i la presència del Regne de València com espai literari en una literatura asiàtica. Al treball acompanya la descripció i traducció directa des del bicolà al valencià d’un dels principals romanços filipins que tracten del Regne de Valencia: Cabayong Tabla. Buhay ni Principe don Juan Asin ni Princesa Dña. Maria Sa Cahadean nin Valencia asin Asturias –«Cavall de Taula»–, text per primera vegada traduït a qualsevol llengua. Així mateix, analitzem les fonts i descrivim la història argumental i la presència de València al Romancer filipí con a treball comparatista que puga donar llum a la formalització del classicisme en les Lletres Filipines des de la literatura medieval de tradició hispànica.Palabras clave: Romancer hispànic, awit i corrido, Filipines, Regne de València, literatura hispànica, bicolà.Abstract: The paper introduces the development of the Philippine metrical romances from the Hispanic tradition and the presence of the Kingdom of Valencia as Asian literary topic. It is supplied with the first translation ever done from the original Bicolano into Catalan of one of the most relevant romances dealing with the Valencian topic: Cabayong Tabla. Buhay ni Principe don Juan Asin ni Princesa Dña. Maria Sa Cahadean nin Valencia asin Asturias –«Wooden Horse». We analyse the sources and the plot of the romance in order to compare and enlight the genesis of Philippine Classical Literature with the Medieval Hispanic Romancero.Keywords: Hispanic Romancero, Philippine Metrical Romances, awit and corridor, Philippines, Kingdom of Valencia, Bicolano.
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Arong, Marie Rose B. "Nick Joaquin’s Cándido’s Apocalypse: Re-imagining the Gothic in a Postcolonial Philippines." Text Matters, no. 6 (November 23, 2016): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/texmat-2016-0007.
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Nick Joaquin, one of the Philippines’ pillars of literature in English, is regrettably known locally for his nostalgic take on the Hispanic aspect of Philippine culture. While Joaquin did spend a great deal of time creatively exploring the Philippines’ Hispanic past, he certainly did not do so simply because of nostalgia. As recent studies have shown, Joaquin’s classic techniques that often echo the Hispanic influence on Philippine culture may also be considered as a form of resistance against both the American neocolonial influence and the nativist brand of nationalism in the 1950s and 1960s. Despite the emergence of Gothic criticism in postcolonial writing, Joaquin’s works have rarely received the attention they deserve in this critical area.
In this context, this paper explores the idea of the Gothic in Joaquin’s writing and how it relates to Joaquin being the “most original voice in postcolonial Philippine writing.” In 1972, the University of Queensland Press featured Joaquin’s works in its Asian and Pacific writing series. This “new” collection, Tropical Gothic (1972), contained his significant early works published in Prose and Poems (1952) plus his novellas. This collection’s title highlights a specific aspect of Joaquin’s writing, that of his propensity to use Gothic tropes such as the blending of the real and the fantastic, or the tragic and the comic, as shown in most of the stories in the collection. In particular, I examine how his novella (Cándido’s Apocalypse) interrogates the neurosis of the nation—a disconnection from the past and its repercussions on the present/future of the Philippines.
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Pinoliad, Erlie. "Contextualization in Teaching Short Stories: Students’ Interest and Comprehension." Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 6, 2021): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/mejress.v2i1.167.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of contextualization in teaching Philippine short stories in English to students’ reading comprehension and the relationship between students’ reading interest and their comprehension levels. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is experimental in design. It employed the Z-test and utilized a structured survey questionnaire in collecting the data. Seventy-two (72) Grade 7 students of Lila National High School in the school year 2018-2019 had the Frustration level of reading comprehension based on the Phil-IRI results conducted before the experimentation took place. Contextualized teaching instruction and learning activities were utilized by the experimental group during the discussion of the three Philippine short stories in English. Findings: The study revealed that (a) both the experimental and control groups had the average interest level towards Philippine short stories in English, (b) in the Phil- IRI comprehension result, both the experimental and control groups’ level of comprehension is in the frustration level in three comprehension test categories namely literal, inferential, and evaluative/critical, (c) in the formative comprehension test results, the experimental group’s comprehension level increased to instructional level where in the literal and inferential test levels, the group is classified under independent level and instructional level in evaluative/critical. On the other hand, the control group’s comprehension level fell under instructional in the literal and inferential test levels and remained frustration under evaluative/critical. Practical Implications: The study has practical implications for literature teachers. The findings will assist the literature teachers especially those who are handling Philippine Literature subjects. In addition, an Action Program is proposed to improve reading comprehension in Lila National High School, Philippines. Originality/value: The study is different from existing researches since it focused on the contextualization in teaching Philippine literary pieces, particularly short stories to increase students’ interest in learning and improve comprehension.
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Gumarang Jr., Bernardo K., and Brigitte K. Gumarang. "Unraveling Deterioration in the Quality of Philippine Education." International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 2, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 914–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.10.08.
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Education has a great role on the growth and development of economy. It builds the young generation to become competent and future leaders of a country. It is observed by the Filipino people that there are problems in the Philippine education. This paper identified and discussed the problems occurred in the education system of the Philippines. A Literature review process was utilized by the researchers. The researchers also identified solutions on the problems being identified using the findings of the different studies. The result showed three major problems in the Philippine education system such as overcrowded students in a classroom, teacher are teaching subjects that is not their expertise, and poor quality in instruction. It is recommended that the Philippine Education must review their policies in hiring educators and address the needs of its stakeholders. These findings can be used as basis in creating policies to ensure quality in education.
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Quintero, Genevieve Jorolan, and Connie Makgabo. "Animals as representations of female domestic roles in selected fables from the Philippines and South Africa." Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 4, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i1.121.
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South Africa and the Philippines are home to a number of indigenous groups whose cultures and traditions have not been tainted by centuries of colonization. This paper compares the pre-colonial literature of cultural communities in two countries, where one is part of a continent (South Africa) while the other is an archipelago (the Philippines). Despite the differences in their geographical features, the two countries share common experiences: 1) colonized by European powers; 2) have a significant number of indigenous communities; 3) a treasury of surviving folk literature. Published African and Philippine folktales reveal recurring images and elements. One of these is the use of animals as characters, performing domestic tasks in households, and representing gender roles. This paper compares how animal characters portray feminine characteristics and domestic roles in selected fables from South Africa and the Philippines, specifically on the commonalities in the roles of the female characters. The research highlights the relevance of recording and publishing of folk literature, and the subsequent integration and teaching thereof within basic and higher education curricula.Key words: Indigenous, Cultural communities, fables, folk literature, Philippine folk tales, South African folk talesHow to cite this article:Quintero, G.J. & Makgabo, C. 2020. Animals as Representations of Female Domestic Roles in selected fables from the Philippines and South Africa. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. v. 4, n. 1, p. 37-50. April 2020. Available at:https://sotl-south-journal.net/?journal=sotls&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=121This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Powell, Tamara M., and E. San Juan. "The Philippine Temptation: Dialectics of Philippines-U. S. Literary Relations." MELUS 24, no. 4 (1999): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/468184.
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Mojarro, Jorge. "Transpacific Connections of Philippine Literature in Spanish." UNITAS 92, no. 1 (May 4, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31944/20199201.01.
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Knowlton,, Edgar C. "Hispano-Philippine Literature in the Marcos Era." World Literature Today 59, no. 1 (1985): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40140530.
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Burns, Lucy Mae San Pablo, and Roger J. Bresnahan. "Angles of Vision: Conversations on Philippine Literature." Journal of Asian Studies 53, no. 4 (November 1994): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2059313.
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Suarez, Raul, and Percy Sajise. "Deforestation, Swidden Agriculture and Philippine Biodiversity." SciEnggJ 3, no. 1 (May 7, 2010): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.54645/yzaz96884.
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It is thought that about 90% of Philippine land area was once forested. This has now been reduced to <20% and, if the current rate of deforestation is maintained, it is projected that no forest cover shall remain within the next decade. Forest destruction has occurred in two steps, beginning with logging, followed by various forms of swidden cultivation. We examined the literature in search of data with which to test the hypothesis that swidden cultivation is “not bad” for biodiversity in the Philippines. The great biodiversity and endemism of forest flora and fauna are such that, in most cases, number and kinds of species in the swidden do not adequately substitute for what is lost in the course of forest destruction. However, studies comparing forest and swidden biodiversity have been inadequate and have failed to consider ecosystem function and services. Because many indigenous and endemic species evolved as forest specialists, the continued deforestation of the Philippines shall likely lead to their extinction. The valuation of ecosystem services provided by Philippine forests may yet reveal that the benefits derived from their conservation would greatly exceed those currently derived from their destruction.
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De Las Peñas, Ma Louise Antonette N., Agnes Garciano, Debbie Marie Verzosa, and Eduard Taganap. "Crystallographic patterns in Philippine indigenous textiles." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 2 (March 20, 2018): 456–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718002182.
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The aim of this study was to analyze a representative sample of Philippine indigenous textiles in order to capture the range of symmetries and color symmetries present. This paper examines the existence of symmetries in finite designs, and classifies the plane-group and frieze-group symmetry types of the repeated patterns in woven textiles. The tendency of a particular symmetry to be more or less common than another can indicate relationships between the symmetries and the weaving technique or the culture that produced them. This paper will also examine designs and patterns with color symmetry found in these textiles. The sample consisted of 588 repeated patterns and finite designs in textiles (389 plane, 166 frieze and 33 finite) culled from well known museums in the Philippines, personal collections of scholars, existing literature on Philippine textiles and field visits.
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Parmanand, Sanjeev. "The impact of Philippine monetary policy on domestic prices and output: evaluating the country’s transmission channels." Philippine Review of Economics 59, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 46–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37907/3erp2202j.
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This paper examines the price and output effects of Philippine monetary policy through its transmission channels from 1996 to 2019 using Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) models. Recursive and non-recursive identi!cation strategies are implemented to build a model that represents the small open economy of the Philippines, which is affected by exogenous shocks in oil prices and US interest rates. Impulse response functions are then compared between recursive and non-recursive models to select results that demonstrate consistency with macroeconomic theory and overall statistical signi!cance. The Local Projections method is then applied as a means of verifying the accuracy of the preferred model’s results. Findings show that a contractionary shock to Philippine monetary policy has weak short-term effects on domestic output and prices. These results contribute to the literature by characterizing the strength of transmission channels 17 years after in"ation targeting was adopted as a primary component of Philippine monetary policy.
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Hara, Tamiki. "Beyond Personalistic Politics: A Progressive Congresswoman’s Challenge to a Political Dynasty in Dinagat Islands, Philippines." Philippine Political Science Journal 42, no. 1 (July 16, 2021): 30–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2165025x-bja10014.
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Abstract Political dynasties remain powerful in Philippine politics to this day. However, in recent years, the Philippines has experienced some significant transformations in the realm of traditional politics. Some politicians have emerged at the local level willing to confront those supported by dynastic politics. Since most literature on Philippine politics have emphasized the durability of elite domination, such changes have not yet been fully studied. This article addresses how progressive politics evolves in contention with a political dynasty based on a qualitative, exploratory case study approach by highlighting the case of Dinagat Islands where a progressive congresswoman who ran for Congress defeated a candidate from an entrenched political dynasty by practicing programmatic governance. It explores how government capacity to respond to demands of the people can be improved. As a result of this, the article clarifies a new, though not common, dynamic of Philippine politics in the 2010s and provides important implications for the possibility of future political development and theorizing in the country.
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Eslit, Edgar R. "Resilience of Philippine Folklore: An Enduring Heritage and Legacy for the 21st Century." International Journal of Education, Language, and Religion 5, no. 1 (May 27, 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/ijelr.v5i1.7504.
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This qualitative study analyzed ten popular folklore in the Philippines to identify common themes and patterns related to Filipino values, beliefs, and traditions. The data was collected through a literature review, interviews with experts, and focus group discussions with select members of the community. The use of modern technology was of the essence in the process. Journals, books, magazines, online sources, and calls were not spared. Thematic analysis was then used to identify key themes and patterns across the folklore gathered. The study found that folklore had significant cultural and historical significance and reflected the diversity of Philippine culture. The implications of the research for understanding the cultural heritage and identity of the Filipino people were discussed, as well as recommendations for promoting and preserving Philippine folklore in contemporary society. The limitations of the study were acknowledged, and directions for future research were suggested. Overall, the study highlights the importance of Philippine folklore as a means of understanding and preserving the country's cultural heritage.
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Ricardo, Melanie Ecalnea. "Drivers, Roadblocks and Status Quo of Renewable Energy Transition in The Philippines: A Literature Review." Journal of Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources 8, no. 3 (October 19, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/joares.2022.v08i03.001.
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One of the dire consequences of Philippine economic advancement is environmental deterioration due to unfavorable upshots brought by fossil fuels as the main drivers of its electricity generation. To thwart this impeding dilemma, the Philippines is currently decarbonizing its system and transitioning into a more sustainable renewable energy (RE) game plan conforming to United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. This review article discusses the Philippine government's enablers, challenges, and initiatives toward its goal of a 50% renewable energy power mix by 2040. It also delineated the impacts of significant government renewable energy laws and programs on the current setting. A semi-systematic review was conducted among the peer-reviewed research articles and substantial private and government assessment reports relative to renewable energy development in the Philippines, with the date of publishing from 2016 to the present. Results showed that significant roadblocks to renewable energy deployment are political impediments, government support for coal, policy implementation, permitting process, environmental setbacks, foreign ownership, grid connection challenges and misperceptions. On the contrary, major drivers are depreciating cost, intermittency and seasonality solutions, investment risks on fossil fuel technology, employment creation, streamlined regulatory processes, and absence of transportation cost, among others. Initiatives were taken to strengthen domestic and foreign partnerships to maximize subsidies, grants, donations and investments. Given the enabling factors and current government mechanisms, the country has great potential to attain its 35% renewable energy target by 2030 and 50% by 2040 through a coordinated national RE target.
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Gatil, Tranie Balderrama. "Translanguaging in Multilingual English Language Teaching in the Philippines: A Systematic Literature Review." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.1.6.
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The debate on language preference in English language teaching in a multilingual setting has stirred the traditional monolingual “English Only Policy” in the Philippines. As a result, the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) was institutionalized in 2009. The question still lies as to the multilingual teaching practices employed in the Philippine schools. This study was conducted in order to review the translanguaging strategies of teachers in teaching English in the Philippines. It utilized the qualitative approach using systematic literature review. 14 papers were initially examined using 4 inclusion and exclusion criteria. 7 papers have qualified and selected as samples. The findings of the literature review showed that: 1.) Both natural and official translanguaging are employed in ELT and 2.) Translanguaging bridges the linguistic gap of learner’s L1, L2 and the target language, which in common in a linguistically diverse country such the Philippines. Future researches may look at building a theoretical framework of translanguaging as a language teaching pedagogy in mainstream education.
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Agum, Arjem Noryn Caringal. "Mobile textula: a possible new way of reawakening the marginalized Philippine poetry." Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference 7, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 2150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/isc.v7i1.885.
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Introduction: Poetry has long been part of any cultural and literary heritage. Despite poetry’s role in Philippine literature, the 21st-century Filipino learners lack the knowledge about folk poetry. Poems sent through short messaging service (SMS) or mobile textula were then introduced to capture the interest of the Filipino millennial learners. However, studies say little about this emerging means of literary propagation. Anchored in the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) Theory, this study aimed to contribute to the body of knowledge to reawaken the marginalized Philippine poetry.
Method: Through external desk research, this qualitative study delved into the history, type, sample poems, and the possibility of using mobile textula to reinforce the 21st-century Filipino learners' understanding of the marginalized Philippine poetry. \
Result: After an integrative literature review of various sources (full paper in conference proceedings, journal articles, education-related sites, and online news), it was found that mobile textula was made known in 2002 through the "Textanaga Contest," the first text-a-poem contest in the Philippines which gathered 10,000 poems on its launching day. Sample poems were that of the tanaga, dalit, and diona which are considered marginalized poetry among the generation of modern Filipinos. Moreover, a private college in one of the provinces in Luzon saw the effectivity of textula in teaching language, literature, and socio-cultural awareness.
Discussion: Therefore, the study suggests that teachers consider the use of textula in teaching literature. Further, a wide scope of an experimental study on the effectiveness of textula in the classroom is recommended.
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Alerta, Honeylet. "Breaking the Boundaries: Reimagining the Comparative Literary Method and Pedagogy in the Philippine Literature Classrooms." International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies 2, no. 6 (December 23, 2021): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v2i6.353.
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At present, the Philippines is the only country that still implements the remote learning setup due to the COVID19 pandemic. This ongoing condition has placed educators to rethink how to scaffold the lessons and hone the demands of the 21st century amidst the current limitations of Filipino teachers and students. The challenge is to commit to a consistent dialogue in the virtual classroom without compromising the necessary skills, content, and learning competencies to hone the students’ literary competence. Even before the pandemic, the discipline of comparative literature has had ongoing debates about its interdisciplinarity, its framework and method as a mode of inquiry in the academia, and its pedagogy in relation to teaching world literature. With the COVID19 pandemic, the compelling issues of the discipline resurface as another layer of challenge is apparent: engaging the students to read and examine the literary texts not just through close reading, but with an eye for parity in online distance learning. This perspective article seeks to showcase how, for now, the only comparative literature program in the country offered at the Department of English and Comparative Literature of the University of the Philippines Diliman can be integrated into teaching literature in universities and classrooms in the Philippines. More importantly, this paper seeks to propose ways to streamline the program in making up for the Philippine comparative literary studies through its method, and pedagogy.
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Siman, Bennegreg Pamplona. "A Critical Analysis of the Philippine Construction Industry: Current Trends, Forecast, and Business Focus for Engineering Design Firms." International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 4, no. 8 (August 22, 2023): 2691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.08.01.
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The construction industry in the Philippines plays a vital role in the country's economic growth, infrastructure development, and job creation. The construction industry continues to be one of the predominant drivers of Philippines' economic progress. In 2022, an annual growth rate of 9.2% was obtained by the Philippine construction industry and continues to escalate brought by the flagship project of the former President Rodrigo Duterte, Build! Build! Build! Program (BBB). The current government plans to modernize the country’s infrastructure backbone, increasing construction jobs to maintain rapid growth, captivate investments and expand economic opportunities for all Filipinos. It is globally known that the construction industry regularly consumes more raw materials, resulting in scarcity with our natural resources and produced environmental implications. Therefore, the current engineering and construction industry moves towards green construction and buildings. The Philippine government has been actively promoting infrastructure development as a key driver of economic growth. The country will be the fastest growing construction market with an estimated six percent growth per annum, over the next 15 years. This study provided information on the current trends in the Philippine construction industry, forecasts its trajectory over the next five years, and highlights the necessary business focus for engineering design firms. Information obtained from the literature, project documents, memos, reports, and other data available served as primary inputs for discussion and basis for conclusions and recommendations.
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Villasis, James Gregory Alcaraz. "Public Policy Defense and the Arbitrability of Competition Disputes Under the Philippine Arbitration Regime." Sriwijaya Law Review 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/slrev.vol4.iss2.294.pp79-90.
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The arbitrability of anti-competition disputes in the Philippines remains to be tested. It is since the Philippine Competition Act is relatively at its infancy, and cases are yet to be brought before the courts. This area entails much complexity considering that competition disputes are by nature imbued with public policy concerns, a mandatory exception for arbitration. This paper aims to examine the arbitrability of competition disputes under the Philippine domestic arbitration regime. After conducting an examination of cases and literature both in the Philippines and abroad, the paper argues that the Philippines may consider the US and French positions as to the arbitrability of competition disputes despite the presence of various public policy concerns. The public policy issues should only be taken into consideration when an arbitral award is brought before judicial bodies for recognition and enforcement and should not bar domestic arbitral bodies from taking cognizance of these disputes. It is to accommodate the state policy regarding alternative means of settling disputes such as arbitration in rendering speedy administration of justice. Whenever an award is granted, the same will be subject to court's intervention for recognition with due respect to the public policy concerns. In so doing, arbitration is being promoted without sacrificing the competition law policy of the Philippines.
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Damier, Vadim. "Isabelo de los Reyes and the Beginning of the Labour Movement in the Philippines." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 2 (2022): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640018556-9.
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The article focuses on the activities of the Filipino publicist, ethnographer, public, religious and political figure Isabelo de los Reyes (1864–1938). For the first time in Russian historiography, drawing upon de los Reyes' own works, it highlights his role in the movement for Philippine independence from Spain, in the formation of the labour movement, and in the initial dissemination of socialist ideas in the archipelago. A talented and prolific journalist, he rose to prominence among the progressive “ilustrados” - the educated class in the Spanish colony of the Philippines - at a very young age. Arrested by the colonial authorities after the outbreak of the 1896 anti-colonial rebellion, de los Reyes was exiled to Spain. While in prison in Barcelona, he was influenced by left-leaning fellow prisoners – anarchists, syndicalists and socialists. He was greatly impressed by his acquaintance with socialist literature. After his release from prison in 1898, de los Reyes took part in the activities of the Philippine emigration and the campaign against the capture of the Philippine Islands by the United States. In 1901 he returned to his homeland, bringing with him the works of anarchist and socialist theorists and propagandists, to which he introduced the country's leading labour activists. In 1902, at their request, he helped organise the Unión Obrera Democrática (UOD), which emerged as the first trade union association not only in the Philippines but also in the whole of Southeast Asia. At that time De los Reyes held socialist views, incorporating elements of Christian socialism, anarchism, and reformist syndicalism. He also initiated the creation of the Philippine Independent Church. After a major wave of strikes in 1902, de los Reyes was arrested by the US authorities in the Philippines and resigned as head of the UOD. After his release from prison, he published the organ of the labour movement, the newspaper “La Redención del obrero”. In the following years, de los Reyes withdrew from the trade union movement, focused on topics related to the Philippine Independent Church, and then became actively involved in political activities, being elected municipal councilor and senator.
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Bichara, Alexandra. "All That Remains: Typhoons and Trauma in Three Philippine Novels in English." Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 2 (February 23, 2024): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/joe.v3i2.3192.
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In November 2013, one of the most powerful typhoons ever recorded ravaged the Visayas region of the Philippines. Typhoon Haiyan, locally known as Typhoon Yolanda, caused the deaths of over 6,500 Filipinos. Years later, many are still missing. The devastation caused by typhoons such as Typhoon Haiyan is not new to the Philippines, considering the country encounters around 20 tropical cyclones every year. It is not surprising, then, that natural disasters figure heavily in Philippine literature. This is evident in three Philippine novels in English: Broken Islands (2019) by Criselda Yabes, Remains (2019) by Daryll Delgado, and Tiempo Muerto (2019) by Caroline Hau. Using Sigmund Freud's concept of “remembering, repeating, and working-through,” this study analyzes the three novels as patients in recovery after the trauma of natural disaster. These three novels are then connected to Ernest Renan’s concept of nationhood, Marianne Hirsch's notion of postmemory, as well as Pierre Nora's concept of lieux de memoire in order to illustrate the importance of disaster narratives in the creation and preservation of a nation's identity.
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Fernandez, Doreen G. "Philippine Theatre in English." World Literature Today 74, no. 2 (2000): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40155578.
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Li, Chun-Lin, Jan Krikken, and Chuan-Chan Wang. "Review of the genus Bolbochromus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Geotrupidae, Bolboceratinae) in the Philippines." ZooKeys 842 (May 7, 2019): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.32315.
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The genus Bolbochromus Boucomout, 1909 from the Philippines is reviewed for the first time. Six species in two subgenera, Metabolbochromus Krikken & Li, 2013 and Bolbochromus, including three new species, Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) jengi Li & Krikken, sp. n., Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) luzonensis Li & Krikken, sp. n., and Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) setosifrons Li & Wang, sp. n., are described with diagnoses, illustrations, distributional data and remarks. A key for the identification of Philippine species is provided. An annotated checklist of the genus in the Philippines is given with information for each species including literature review, synonymy, distribution, and type locality.
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Rahmat, Hayatul Khairul, Rizkia Mutiara Ramadhani, Nurbaiti Ma'rufah, Fitri Andrianti Indah Gustaman, Siswo Hadi Sumantri, and Agus Adriyanto. "BANTUAN CHINA BERUPA ALAT UJI CEPAT COVID-19 KEPADA FILIPINA: PERSPEKTIF DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL LOBBYING THEORY." Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial 30, no. 1 (June 18, 2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jpis.v30i1.10623.
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This article aims to explain the objectives to be achieved by China related to the assistance give to the Philippines and the response that the Philippines should have done in responding. This paper used the literature study method with a descriptive approach. As for the findings of this paper, related to the theory of diplomacy and international lobbying, assistance provided by China to the Philippines is a tool used to achieve China's own interests and will have an influence on subsequent policy makers regarding maritime conflicts between China and the Philippines. Steps that needed to be taken by the Philippines are to maintain diplomatic relations with China, especially in the economic field because the Philippines economy is strongly supported by China and also strengthen its territorial defense and increase Philippine intelligence activities.
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SERQUIÑA, OSCAR TANTOCO. "Documenting Theatrical and Performative Philippines: Possibilities of a Task and a Practice." Theatre Research International 44, no. 02 (July 2019): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883319000063.
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The writing of theatre history has been a challenging intellectual commitment in the Philippines. This mode of inquiry and inscription largely manifests more as a strand of general historiography than as a systematized and specialized critical practice in Philippine academe. No wonder, then, that Philippine theatre histories primarily come from academics whose disciplinary backgrounds are not solely in theatre arts per se but in a range of different but intersecting disciplines, such as film, literature, dance, anthropology, history and music. These historians have accounted for the medium's forms, geographies of production and performance, material aspects, lead practitioners, groups or organizations, and historical periods. They have thus far yielded a congeries of print materials: from the encyclopedia to the anthology or reader, the survey, up to the full-length book manuscript. More recently, theatre histories have also appeared in online catalogues or digital repositories.
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Pamintuan, Jema. "Anito: Paglalaro sa Lunan ng mga Arketipo at Laylayan." Plaridel 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52518/2009.6.1-04pmntn.
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Digital gaming is one of the emerging phenomena in global media and culture industries. At present, Anito Entertainment is an organization considered as the first game developer in the Philippines for its role-playing game Anito: Defend a Land Enraged. The latter contains a discourse on some aspects of the Philippine historical narrative in the 16th century, including a presentation and understanding of the gamescape and the archetypal characters in Philippine literature. Since the game is interactive, the unfolding and ending of the narrative depends of the decisions made by the gamer, i.e., the character that is within the game and who handles the game’s control buttons. This study analyzes how the virtual character and the actual gamer struggle within the complexities of the period of colonialism, while addressing selected issues pertaining to marginalization in the present, post-colonial time.
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Velasco, Lovella G. "Relocating the Ilokano Women Writers of Nueva Vizcaya." Proceedings Journal of Education, Psychology and Social Science Research 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2015): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21016/icepss.2015.fe11wf48.
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The study attempts to empower ordinary women writers from the region who are considered to be in the peripheries. The bibliographic building of the foremost Ilokano women writers of Nueva Vizcaya who remain unaccounted and missing in Philippine literature will promote the woman presence in the nation and their place in Philippine literature, while the criticism of their retrieved and collected published short stories written in the vernacular, Iluko, will intensify the relevance of Iluko as regional literature and as a language. Consequently, the study will contribute to the growing body of feminist studies and literary criticism in the Philippines today. Results of the study showed that these four Ilokano women writers who are unknown and neglected in the region and in Philippine literature have a significant socio-cultural impact and contributed to the refinement, enrichment, and general development of their language and literature; literature being the grandeur of language and language the carrier of culture. The short stories of the Ilokano women writers present the unique Ilokano ways, traditions and cultures and the concepts of Ilokano woman and womanhood embedded with their traditional images and representations but also claim the idea of equality between man and woman. It might be construed that Ilokano women and the women writers were not fully contaminated at all with the patriarchal ideology and don’t adhere and have bent and even dismantled patriarchy, or even the attempt to overcome and change this ideology. The Ilokano women writers showed through their short stories, that they have sustained their unique cultural identity despite the impact of colonization. The general awareness and recognition of these regional women writers and their literary pieces would bring a ripple effect to the younger women of the region who would continue to change and overcome the tainted image of the third world regional women writer and women in general, and bringing them no longer to the peripheries but to the center.
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Layug, Mark Joseph B. "The Colors of the Browns: A Thematic Approach in the Teaching of Philippine Literature." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 1, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2019.1.1.4.
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Literature has always been an instrument that reflects the life and times of people of various ages and civilizations. This is the reason why Literature subjects are incorporated in the Philippine curricula from the secondary to the tertiary level. The aim of this course is to broaden the knowledge of academic patrons as regards the realities that engulf a particular society. The researcher has foreseen the importance of Philippine Literature instruction, especially with the advent of K to 12. Thus, this literary research is the proponents’ dissertation which intends to add to the existing methodologies and approaches in the teaching of Philippine Literature in the contemporary. The researcher has come up with an instructional guide that would serve as alternative reference material for Literature teachers in the K to 12 program. However, only three (3) analyses from the instructional guide were included in this journal. This instructional guide takes a detour from the conventional instruction of Literature by focusing on the thematic approach rather than the biographical, historical and regional approach. Furthermore, the study is a breakthrough in Philippine Literature instruction since it would be the first non-empirical study to venture into the thematic facilitation of Philippine letters for grades 11 and 12. The instructional guide explores the literature written by Filipino authors in the past and present in accordance with theme, conflict, and symbol to determine their worth and merits through analytical inquiry. Each literary selection is analyzed using the text as the primary evidence. The thematic evaluation reveals the four main characteristics of the Filipinos: Filipinos are loving and passionate; they are strong and resilient; they are a product of hybridity; they have greatly suffered, but their positivity toward life is always put in the obvious.
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Simene, Grenna Marie Joy P. "Approaches and Strategies in Teaching Philippine Literature Employed by Instructors." Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences 11 (June 19, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.57200/apjsbs.v11i0.48.
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This study evaluated the approaches and strategies employed by Bukidnon State University instructors in teaching Philippine Literature. The study was anchored on the concept that successful literature teaching requires the use of different approaches and classroom activities or strategies. The results of the study revealed that instructors preferred personal-response approach and paraphrastic approach in the teaching of Philippine Literature. The study further showed that the strategies instructors used are varied but only catered to the approaches favored. One finding also showed that the language-based approach is seldom employed by the instructors although some of them often start the lesson with word definitions.Keywords: personal-response approach, paraphrastic approach, language-based approach
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Lifshey, Adam. "The Literary Alterities of Philippine Nationalism in José Rizal's El filibusterismo." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 123, no. 5 (October 2008): 1434–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2008.123.5.1434.
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The seminal novels of the Philippines, José Rizal's Noli me tangere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), are written in Spanish, a language that began evaporating in the archipelago when the United States defeated Spain in the Spanish-American War in 1898 and imposed English as a lingua franca. Where does a foundational author like Rizal fit in a discussion of globalized literatures when the Philippines are commonly framed as a historical and cultural hybrid neither quite Asian nor quite Western? In Rizal's El filibusterismo, the Philippines are an inchoate national project imagined not in Asia but amid complex allusive dynamics that emanate from the Americas. Rizal and his novel, like the Philippine nation they inspired, appear in global and postcolonial frameworks as both Asian and American in that epistemes Eastern and Western, subaltern and hegemonic, interact in a ceaseless flow that resists easy categorization.
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Wong, John Q., Nel Jason Haw, Jhanna Uy, and Diana Beatriz Bayani. "Reflections on the use of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) OneHealth Tool: Implications for health planning in low and middle income countries (LMICs)." F1000Research 7 (February 7, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13824.1.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the OneHealth Tool (OHT) to help low and middle income countries to develop their capacities for sector-wide priority setting. In 2016, we sought to use the OHT to aid the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC), the national health insurer of the Philippines, in decisions to expand benefit packages using cost-effectiveness analyses. With technical support from the WHO, we convened health planning officers from the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) and the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC) conduct generalized cost-effective analyses (GCEA) of selected un-financed noncommunicable disease interventions using OHT. We collected epidemiological and cost data through health facility surveys, review of literature such as cost libraries and clinical practice guidelines, and expert consultations. Although we were unable to use GCEA results directly to set policy, we learnt important policy lessons which we outline here that might help inform other countries looking to inform service coverage decisions. Additionally, the entire process and GCEA visualizations helped high-level policymakers in the health sector, who have traditionally relied on ad hoc decision making, to realize the need for a systematic and transparent priority-setting process that can continuously provide the evidence needed to inform service coverage decisions.
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Wong, John Q., Nel Jason Haw, Jhanna Uy, and Diana Beatriz Bayani. "Reflections on the use of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) OneHealth Tool: Implications for health planning in low and middle income countries (LMICs)." F1000Research 7 (March 5, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13824.2.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the OneHealth Tool (OHT) to help low and middle income countries to develop their capacities for sector-wide priority setting. In 2016, we sought to use the OHT to aid the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC), the national health insurer of the Philippines, in decisions to expand benefit packages using cost-effectiveness analyses. With technical support from the WHO, we convened health planning officers from the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) and the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC) conduct generalized cost-effective analyses (GCEA) of selected un-financed noncommunicable disease interventions using OHT. We collected epidemiological and cost data through health facility surveys, review of literature such as cost libraries and clinical practice guidelines, and expert consultations. Although we were unable to use GCEA results directly to set policy, we learnt important policy lessons which we outline here that might help inform other countries looking to inform service coverage decisions. Additionally, the entire process and GCEA visualizations helped high-level policymakers in the health sector, who have traditionally relied on ad hoc decision making, to realize the need for a systematic and transparent priority-setting process that can continuously provide the evidence needed to inform service coverage decisions.
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Berger, Andreas. "Solved at last: The Philippine endemic Psychotria philippensis is a synonym of Scyphiphora hydrophylacea (Rubiaceae, Scyphiphoreae)." PhytoKeys 221 (March 10, 2023): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.221.97766.
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Psychotria philippensis (Rubiaceae) was described by Chamisso and Schlechtendal in 1829, was the first Psychotria name published for the Philippines and is currently considered a Philippine endemic. The name remained in a taxonomic limbo for almost two centuries as it was variously accepted, synonymized or considered obscure, probably because the type specimen in the Berlin herbarium was destroyed and no original material has survived or is currently known. A combined analysis of the information on morphology, type locality and ecology contained in the protologue and a review of relevant literature on the study of the name by various authors over the last two centuries finally clarified the identity of P. philippensis. The name is confirmed here as a synonym of the rubiaceous mangrove Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, as first proposed by Schumann, one of the authorities of the family in the late 19th century, and the application of P. philippensis is fixed by neotypification. This reduces the number of Philippine species of Psychotria by one, but fortunately, this is not happening through extinction, as has been the case with too many species of the highly endangered Philippine flora. In addition, the history of the discovery and study of S. hydrophylacea and its synonyms are described in detail, and one lectotype and one neotype are designated.