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Journal articles on the topic 'Philippine ordinances'
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1
Redoble, Freyanne A., Vilma B. Ramos, Amerjaphil Louie A. Vidal, and Elsie Valdes. "Factors Affecting Effective Dissemination of Peace and Order Ordinances to Punong Barangays in Maria." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 4 (December 18, 2018): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i4.14065.
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The study measured the factors affecting effective dissemination of peace and order ordinances to punong barangays in the Municipality of Maria Aurora, Aurora Province, Philippines. The study used predesigned survey questionnaires and key informants in the gathering of data. The questionnaire distribution was based on purposive sampling. The participants are thirty-four (34) punong barangays. The barangay is the smallest political unit in the Philippines. The data gathered are treated with frequency distribution and weighted mean. The factors of dissemination are: a) socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, b) information sources, c) strategies and channels of communication are measured. In general, participants’ level of interest towards new legislation is positive. However, a slight divergence is noticed in the case of upland barangays as they manifested little awareness on the existing peace and order ordinances. Thus, it is recommended that effective dissemination strategies be adopted and information materials be developed to improve dissemination of new ordinances. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in information dissemination is highly recommended.
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Lamarca, Ferdinand Jermice. "HERITAGE MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF TWO BAROQUE CHURCHES IN ILOCOS REGION, PHILIPPINES." Journal Sampurasun : Interdisciplinary Studies for Cultural Heritage 2, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/sampurasun.v2i2.161.
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Four Baroque Roman Catholic churches constructed between the 16th and the 18th centuries during the Spanish period of the Philippines are inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Two of them are assessed in this study. Generally, the paper aimed to assess the management of the two baroque churches in Region I, Philippines, to wit: the Paoay Church and and Sta. Maria Church. Specifically, it sought to 1) identify the reason for their inscription; 2) discuss the laws and ordinances that provide for the protection and conservation of these sites; 3) discuss how the protection and conservation of these sites are administered; and 4) and determine the extent of the compliance by these sites of the requirements of protection and conservation.
There are laws, international and national as well as ordinances passed at the local levels to provide protection and preservation of the heritage sites.
The Paoay Church is managed by the following groups, to wit: 1) Paoay Church Restoration Task Force; 2) Municipal Government; 3) Homeowners Association within the Heritage District; and 4) Other NGOs. The Sta. Maria Church, on the other hand, is managed by the different groups that comprise the Sta. Maria Heritage District Council.
As conclusions, there are adequate laws to protect the heritage sites. But some provisions are not strictly enforced. The LGUs are very supportive. However, their participation, particularly in Sta. Maria is constrained by lack of funds. Parish priests play a very significant role in the preservation of these churches. Their competence or enlightenment on conservation efforts would spell their success or failure.
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Tupas, Fernan P., and Ivy V. Agreda. "How to Stop Before It Starts: The Case of an Anti-Smoking Campaign for High Schools in the Philippines." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 3 (May 10, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0048.
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One of the most common problems in the education system in northern Iloilo is students are escaping from classes to smoke with friends and classmates. This act resulted to slow performances in all subject areas. This research aims to find out the influence of anti-smoking campaigns such as symposiums, posters, lectures and video clips to the Junior High School students in northern Iloilo, Philippines. All the students were classified into three categories; non-smokers, second-hand smokers, and smokers. Two from each category were purposively selected. Interview and observation were utilized. The study revealed that non-smokers assured that they will not get involved in this kind of vices, second-hand smokers vowed to encourage their parents, relatives, friends, and classmates to stop cigarette smoking, and smokers to stop smoking because of the results to our organ systems. Health is very important to all the informants. Also, many of these participants belong to below-average learners. In this study, anti-smoking campaigns are effective methods to discourage students to smoke. No e-cigarettes smokers in the group because of its values. Parents and guardians play a vital role in the implementation of this advocacy. Also, the local government units should regulate the implementation of policies and ordinances regarding the smoking of minors. Thus, anti-smoking campaigns and messages could be excellent avenues to educate students about ordinances and laws, and the effects of smoking on our health.
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De Torres, Ryan Q. "Facilitators and barriers to condom use among Filipinos: A systematic review of literature." Health Promotion Perspectives 10, no. 4 (November 7, 2020): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2020.49.
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Background: Between 2010 and 2018, the Philippines had a 203% increase in new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The use of condoms is an effective and practical means to prevent HIV transmission. The purpose of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers to condom use among Filipinos guided by the Ecological Model of Health Promotion. Methods: A systematic review of literature using electronic databases was performed using the following keywords: "condom," "Filipinos," and "Philippines." To be included in this review, papers should be (1) research studies, (2) studies that examined condom use, and (3) studies that sampled Filipinos residing in the Philippines. The final sample comprised of 27 articles. Results: Multiple and interrelated factors at the individual and social environment levels influence condom use among different groups of Filipinos. Majority of these factors originated at the intrapersonal level. Some of the facilitators to condom use were knowledge on HIV, higher perceived HIV risk, peer support, positive manager attitude, health provider engagement, and city ordinances. In contrast, some of the barriers to condom use were discomfort and displeasure on condom use, low parental communication, lack of sex education, social stigma, and the high price of condoms. Conclusion: A collaborative, culturally-sensitive, and population-specific approach is essential to develop and implement acceptable, sustainable, and successful condom use interventions.
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Nicor-Mangilimutan, Rhumyla G., Maria Nove A. Mejica, and Merlita V. Caelian. "Implementation of the Community Peace and Order and Public Safety Program in Negros Occidental, Philippines." Philippine Social Science Journal 3, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52006/main.v3i3.273.
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Peace is indivisible and global because it is the foundation of the survival of humanity. Ensuring peace and security of the people is vital in maintaining economic development, social order, and political stability. In the Philippines, the functionality of community peace and order and public safety (POPS) is strictly monitored by the government. This descriptive-comparative study assessed the extent of implementation of the POPS in terms of crime prevention and control, anti-illegal drugs, public safety, and enforcement of ordinances. It also investigated the differences in the implementation of the program when the communities are grouped according to variables. Further, it explored the challenges and suggestions of community leaders. Using a researcher-made survey questionnaire, data were gathered from respondents. Findings revealed a great extent of implementation, but there were significant differences when barangays were grouped into variables. The findings were utilized as bases for an enhanced POPS program.
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Tabunan, Mark Louie. "From local space to global spectacle: World Heritage and space utilization in Calle Crisologo, Vigan City, Philippines." Journal of Urban Cultural Studies 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 129–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jucs_00007_1.
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Abstract World Heritage, a project of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) that aims to protect and preserve tangible and intangible inheritances of mankind, enables the construction of 'distributed, "polycentric" networked economy of cultural production and exchange'. This article focuses on Calle Crisologo in northern Philippines, analysing the ways in which it has been creatively produced as World Heritage Site from postcolonial Vigan's built space. Building on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field, and capital and reading ordinances and an architect's plans, I argue that the World Heritage project reconfigures the once local space into a global spectacle. While World Heritage is a western construct and a result of the experience of late modernity, how it is manifested in Calle Crisologo also shows how vernacular modernity developed in Vigan as a colonial city. With the syncretic mixing of cultures in everyday Calle Crisologo as a resource, western modernity, supposed to be unitary and linear in its aims of progress and development, gets deflected.
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Montojo, Ulysses, Bernajocele Jalyn Baldoza, Karl Bryan Perelonia, Flordeliza Cambia, and Lilian Garcia. "Estimation of Nutrient Load from Aquaculture Farms in Manila Bay, Philippines." Philippine Journal of Fisheries 27, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31398/tpjf/27.1.2019a0016.
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Waste from aquaculture is considered as one of the possible causes of water quality deterioration in Manila Bay. Aquaculture in the area accounts for almost 30% of the total production in the Philippines. This high production entails intensified application of inputs that could possibly contribute to the nutrient (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) load in the bay. Thus, estimation of the N, P and SO4 loaded from aquaculture farms is necessary to develop more responsive intervention to reduce nutrient load in Manila Bay. Water samples were collected throughout the rearing period from different aquaculture systems in Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, and Bataan. The annual estimated N and P loaded from aquaculture farms were 12, 696.66 MT and 2, 363.01 MT, respectively. Fish pens/cages recorded the highest contribution accounting for 88% N and 86% P of the total load. It can be attributed to the direct release of uneaten feeds into the bodies of water. Roughly, 12% N and 14% P were obtained from the fishponds. Furthermore, the annual SO4 loaded from fishponds was estimated at 36,917.54 MT. Results of the study suggested that there should be an extensive monitoring of the environmental impacts and annual load of aquaculture farms for the sustainable regulations and management of aquaculture activities to reduce nutrient load and improve the aquaculture production as well. Finally, strict compliance to the regulatory guidelines and ordinances must be imposed to achieve the effluent quality standards.
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R. BAIRD, Michelle, CLETO L. Jr. NAÑOLA, M. J. PEREZ, and Wilman C. POLLISCO. "Unified fisheries ordinance: a policy approach towards bay wide fishery management in Sibugay Province, the Philippines." Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies 15, Supplement (2013): 400–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3755/galaxea.15.400.
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Viajar, Rowena V., Julieta B. Dorado, Glenda P. Azaña, Heidenhein A. Ibarra, Eldridge B. Ferrer, and Mario V. Capanzana. "Process Evaluation of Nutrition Intervention Strategy in a Local Philippine Setting." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 11 (January 2020): 215013272091540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132720915407.
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Aims: Undernutrition among 0 to 5 years old children remains a public health problem in the Philippines. This process evaluation study documented and examined the implementation of an intervention strategy for young children. Methods: Complementary feeding of 6-month to 2-year-old children was implemented for 120 days by the municipalities of Plaridel and Pulilan in Bulacan, Philippines utilizing local-based food made of rice and mung bean along with nutrition education classes among mothers/caregivers using the developed nutrition modules. A total of 121 mother-/caregiver-child pairs were the program participants of the intervention. Pre-post design were used in the analysis of quantitative data. Qualitative data were encoded verbatim manually using emerging themes. Key informant interviews among community workers and municipal officials and focus group discussions among mothers/caregivers and community workers were conducted to gather the needed data. Results: The municipalities adhered to the program phases of planning, organizing, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. At end-line, the weight of children participants increased in both municipalities and the mean nutrition knowledge scores of mothers/caregivers increased significantly ( P < .05). Conclusions: This process evaluation confirmed that the proposed nutrition intervention strategy for young children can be implemented at the local level. The strong support and active cooperation of the local program implementers and mothers/caregivers and adherence to program requirements were the key factors in the efficient implementation of the intervention. For sustainability, the passing of local ordinance for the adoption of intervention and budget support for implementation of the intervention is recommended.
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Ong, Darwin U., and Arneil G. Gabriel. "Linking Transparency and Accountability to Local Legislative Performance in the Province of Nueva Ecija in the Philippines." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13345.
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Transparency and accountability are essentials to the operation of governments. They are tools to prevent corruption. The study assessed the observance of the shared principles of transparency and accountability in the local legislative departments of five cities in the province of Nueva Ecija, in the Philippines. It discussed the importance of transparency and accountability in local governance; described the shared commitment to governance principles of accountability and transparency of local legislators, and correlated local legislators commitment to governance principles to legislative performance measured in terms of the number of ordinances and resolutions made. Using the mixed methods of research and Pearson Product Moment Correlation, the study found that: (a) the twin principles of transparency and accountability are necessary for local legislative operations; (b) local legislators observed governance principles of transparency and accountability and; (c) actual observance of transparency and accountability are associated to higher level of legislative performance. The study recommended that observance of transparency and accountability may be strengthened through the use of Information Communications Technology not only to monitor legislative duties but also to better respond to public demands and produce the quality of services commensurate to the value of public money.
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Tardif, Alain. "Research on Petrus de Bellapertica: portrait of a discrete Chancellor." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 77, no. 3-4 (2009): 385–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/004075809x12488525623137.
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AbstractAfter nearly twenty years of teaching Roman law at Orléans (1278–1296), Petrus de Bellapertica was called to sit in King Philip the Fair's council. Bellapertica, sometimes referred to as “the father of experts”, was valued for his experience in all the major political negotiations of the decade during which he held office in the King's service. These issues included the ecclesiastical tithes, the peace negotiations with the Empire and with England, the conflicts with some of the most powerful feudal lords in the realm, and the great dispute with pope Boniface VIII against the backdrop of the confrontation between spiritual and temporal power. Bellapertica may be credited with the Reform Ordinance of March 1303, with the coronation of pope Clement V in Lyons, and with bringing Lyons closer into the orbit of the French kingdom through the “Philippines” treaties. Unable to prevent the trial of the Templars, he left the political scene three months before he died on 17 January 1308.
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Bauto, Laode Monto. "PERSPEKTIF AGAMA DAN KEBUDAYAAN DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA (Suatu Tinjauan Sosiologi Agama)." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ILMU SOSIAL 23, no. 2 (April 7, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v23i2.1616.
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The relationship of religion, culture and community very important or is a system of life because of the interconnectedness of each other. But the question of keberagamaan and social development will not be complete if only seen from one particular aspect only. For that in looking at the question of societal must go through a holistic approach. Required studies as the study of the sociology of religion and vice versa. It means the study of the life of keberagamaan the community won't be completed without involving sociology, sociological stats helper monkeys do not judge the religion concerned. Each nation or group that actually live up to the mandate of each religion, therefore by itself will manifest harmony, brotherhood, peace and comfort in the life of bermayarakat. Because religions have taught the truth and goodness and distanced from all malice, strife, discrimination etc. Religious life looks on mindset, behaviour or attitude and way of living one's religious attitude embodiment and able to receive different neighbor any religion as a servant of God Almighty. Religion as a guide of human life created by God, the one true God through his life. Whereas culture is as a habit or an Ordinance of human life created by the man itself results from creativity, taste and karsanya given by the Lord. Religion and culture influence each other each other. Religion affects culture, community groups, and ethnic groups. The culture tends to be fickle to any people or groups who really lives in accordance with the mandate his religion each, hence will automatically be eventuate harmony, the peace and comfort in life bermayarakat. Because of religion have taught truth and goodness and removed from all philippic, dissensions, discrimination and others. Religious life looks on people think, behavior or attitude and manner embodiment attitude religious life someone and capable of receiving fellow different any religious as the servants of allah swt. Religion as a guideline human life created by god, of almighty god in lived his life. While culture is as habit or procedures of human life created by human beings themselves from the power copyright, taste and karsanya given by god. Religion and culture interplay each other. Religious affect culture, the group, and peoples. Culture capricious tending to any people or groups who really lives in accordance with each, amanah his religion hence with itself would be harmony, the fraternity, peace and comfort in life community. Because of religion have taught truth and goodness and badness, taking away from all dissensions, discrimination and others. Religious life seemed in a pattern of thought, of behavior or attitude and manner of living religious embodiment of the attitude of someone and capable of receiving a fellow who is different any religious a follower of allah swt. Religion as a guideline human life created by the lord of almighty god in lived his life. While culture is as the habit or procedures of human life created by human beings themselves from the power of copyright, taste and karsanya given by god. Religion and culture on each other. Affecting culture, religion community groups, and peoples.Keywords :Religion, cultural and society
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N. Pasquito, Leonardo. "The Biosafety Regulatory Approach and Governance Mechanism of GM Crops in the Philippines." Iapa Proceedings Conference, November 13, 2019, 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.30589/proceedings.2019.290.
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This paper analyzes the government biosafety regulatory approach to genetically modified (GM) crops in the Philippines focusing on the interplay and politics of the different government agencies (DOST-DOH-DENR-DA-DILG) that comprises the National Biosafety Committee of the Philippines (NBCP) in terms of entry permit applications of multinational companies, field trials, environmental assessment, health impact assessment, local supervision and regulation, commercial release and market test, nutritional study, and GMO product labelling. The study examines the regulatory policies of the Philippine government including local ordinances which aimed to support or discourage agricultural biotechnology innovations in the Philippines. Further, the paper investigates how the NCBP regulates the stakeholders’ debate on the risks and benefits of GMOs to the environment, human and animal health, and its impact on the food security program of the country. The study argues that the Philippine government is gradually losing its grip on the implementation of biosafety regulations and that invoking the precautionary principle, there is a need to resolve disputes in favor of the constitutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology of the people. The lack of dialogue and participatory public consultation to prevent clashing of interests on the conduct of field trials resulted in endless GMO war and debate. Thus, the study further noted that at present there is a looming deadlock on the debate of GMO between stakeholders which eventually is creating snail-pace agricultural biotechnology innovations and consequently stalling the food security program of the country.
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Pereira, Gislene. "From Ordinances to legal norms: the trajectory of property rights in Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais, January 12, 2021, 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.rbeur.202105en.
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This text presents the trajectory of the concept of property rights in Brazil. Identifying the Philippine Ordinances as the historical origin of the legal norms that govern property rights in Brazil, this paper recognizes the permanence and transformations of the concept over time. Through the analysis of key legal documents of a national scope, the text follows the transformation process of the concept of property, defining the moments of inflection. From within this scenario, the future of the concept is discussed, considering the conditions in which the growing urbanization in Brazil occurs. Lastly, it is questioned whether it is possible for the analyzed trajectory to incorporate use as a defining aspect of property relations.
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Manalo, Jennifer G. "The Initiatives of Local Government Units (LGUs) in Batangas on Climate Change." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 34, no. 1 (February 7, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v34i1.631.
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The local government units in the Philippines are at the forefront of disaster management including responding to the impacts of climate change. With the necessity to address this problem, this study aimed to determine the initiatives of the local government units (LGUs) in Batangas on climate change. The study made use of descriptive research which involved quantitative and qualitative methods in gathering data. Research triangulation was used. The subjects of the study were the Disaster Risk Reduction Management and planning officers of three component cities and twenty-seven municipalities of Batangas. Frequency counts, percentages, and average weighted mean were used in the statistical analysis of data. Results of the study revealed that LGUs in Batangas comply with the provisions of Republic Act No. 10121, otherwise known as Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010. LGUs to organize disaster risk reduction and management councils at the local level. Likewise, cities and municipalities of Batangas implement policies through local ordinances to adopt and strengthen RA 9003. They are implementing initiatives that encourage businesses to promote climate-smart services and practices. Assessment of farming practices, extension services and linkages with GOs, NGOs and other agencies in the implementation of climate change initiatives needs to be improved.
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LICYAYO, DINAH CORAZON M. "National Policies and Local Ordinances on Ifugao Rice Terraces." IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v8i1.742.
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The Ifugao Rice Terraces (IRT) was declared by United Nations EducationalScientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as a World Heritage Site. It wasknown to the foreigners, particularly the Spaniards in the latter years of 1800sand to the Americans during the early 1900s. Articles and photographs furtherpopularized Ifugao to foreign countries, opening the doors to tourism. Thegovernment of the Philippines formally recognized the Ifugao Rice Terraces in1972 as a national cultural treasure having a high value of world culture. Severalnational and local policies were enacted for the preservation and restoration of theIRT while maintaining it as a tourism destination. However, the implementationof these policies remains a big challenge, calling for a more determined politicalamong the national and local leaders most especially that the IRT is deterioratingdue to man-made and natural factors, which led to the declaration of the IRT asa world heritage in danger.Keywords: Legal Ecology, Ifugao Rice Terraces, policies, World Heritage Site, Tourism,descriptive design, Philippines
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Bermio, Joussie Bajet. "Strategic Implementation of Maternal, Neonatal, Child Health and Nutrition Health Programs in Ilocos Sur, Philippines." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 22, no. 1 (October 22, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v22i1.339.
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The Department of Health is committed to achieve the Millennium Development Goals of reducing child mortality and improving maternal health by 2015.The study aimed to determine the relationship between the extent of implementation of the maternal, neonatal, child health, nutrition strategy, and the socio-demographic, work-related and health facility-related factors. The study employed the descriptive-correlational method. The respondents were all the 244 municipal health office personnel of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. The DOH guideline was partially adapted specifically on natal and post- natal part of the questionnaire. The extent of implementation of the MNCHN Strategy is “Very High”; the implementer-respondents’ civil status yielded positive significant relationship while the implementer-respondents’ educational attainment yielded an inverse significant relationship with the extent of implementation of the MNCHN Strategy. Moreover, the number of health personnel, consultation, and delivery room equipment are significantly related to the implementation of the MNCHN Strategy. The local government unit of Ilocos Sur, Philippines is on the process of finalizing the ordinance in support to the MNCHN Strategy and the Department of Health is also working on Health Facility Enhancement Program (HEP) so that the Municipal Health Offices could upgrade their equipment in providing higher quality of health services to the community. Keywords – Health Education, maternal, neonatal, child, health nutrition, descriptive-correlational method, Ilocos Sur, Philippines.
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GASMEN, ANDREW, and ROWENA DT BACONGUIS. "Mainstreaming Organic Agriculture through Innovation Policy– The Case of Organic Agriculture in Negros Occidental, Philippines." IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation 14, no. 1 (June 5, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v14i1.890.
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This paper highlights the innovation policies that facilitated the growth of the organic movement in Negros Occidental. The research is an intrinsic case study that employed in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information. Organic agriculture started with the civil society because of the desire to produce healthy food and ensure environmental integrity. Health conscious businessmen saw the opportunity of a business built on the pillars of environmental integrity, health, partnership with the grassroots and the growing movement of organic agriculture supporters. In response, the provincial governments of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental crafted a policy that envisioned the whole Negros Island as the “Organic Bowl in Asia”. Innovative responses of the provincial government included the development of ordinances, organizational adjustments and budget allocations. The innovations of the government legitimized the movement and facilitated the mainstreaming of organic agriculture. The collaboration model results from the active participation of the key stakeholders that was reinforced by forces such as increasing health and environmental consciousness of the populace. While the movement is now mainstreamed, the actors have to forward the movement to another level by increasing the market share of organic products. Keywords - Innovation policy, organizational innovation, organic agriculture, case study, Philippines
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Batara, Abraham M., and Chrymae B. Flora. "Implementation of Republic Act 9593 (National Tourist Act) as Perceived by the Selected Residents of Dipolog City, Philippines." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 29, no. 1 (October 16, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v29i1.514.
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Tourism has provided some essential benefits to the local community as an economic development tool which paved the way for employment and investment, cultural attraction, festivals and outdoor reaction opportunities (Anderek & Vogt, 2000). The study was conducted to assess the implementation of Republic Act 9593 (National Tourist Act) as perceived by the selected residents of Dipolog City. Specifically, it determined: 1) the awareness of the residents of Dipolog City on the implementation of RA 9593; 2) the roles of the LGUs of Dipolog City on the implementation of RA 9593; and 3) the perceptions of the residents of Dipolog City on the effects of implementation of RA 9593 in terms of benefits and satisfaction. There are 100 respondents of this study from the five communities of Dipolog with 6 key informant officials. Frequency and percentage were used in the presentation and analysis of data collected through survey and interviews with key informants. Using descriptive method, results revealed that by implementing the policy of Tourism Act of 2009 in Dipolog, positive effects on the city economic, social and environmental development occurred. The awareness of the residents contributed successful implementation of Tourism Act of 2009, by formulating their own policies in the form of ordinances, resolutions, plans and programs of LGU units.
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Garcia, Gary C. "Climate Change Awareness of the Community Officials in the Municipality of Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte: Gear towards Vulnerability and Adaption." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 12, no. 1 (March 2, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v12i1.217.
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Eastern Visayas is constantly experiencing a series of calamities since the tragic mudslide in the community of Guinsaugon Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte in 2006. As a result, the state of calamity declared in almost every part the country due to heavy rains that devastated agriculture, livestock and properties. This study was conducted to assess the level of the community officials’ related awareness on climate change, more particular on its cause and effect, thought and belief, and the course of action through community ordinances related to climate change. The study utilizes the descriptive survey method of research. Data was analyzed and interpreted using weighted mean and percentages to describe the level of awareness of the elected officials towards climate change. Majority agreed that climate change is happening and presently affecting the people in the community. Thought of respondents towards climate change is highly coupled with religious thinking. Actual state of affairs (situation) is the priority of the community officials leading to the inaccurate expectation of the long term effect of climate change. Community officials’ awareness on the causes and effect of climate change is observable but limited on vulnerability and adaptation. Thus, additional exposure and depth understanding on climate change is recommended. Keywords- Climate change, awareness, political and social responsibilities, descriptive-survey, Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines