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Journal articles on the topic 'Philippines'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Abdul, Jalloud. "EFFECTS OF THE PHILIPPINE RECLAMATION ON SABAH TO THE PHILIPPINES AND MALAYSIA RELATIONS FROM 2010 TO 2020." Jurnal Sosial Humaniora 15, no. 1 (2024): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jsh.v15i1.12781.

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The study aimed to identify the knowing and understanding towards the Republic of the Philippines reclamation on the Sabah. The study was undertaken by to investigate the perceived effects on the issue of the Philippines’ Reclamation on Sabah to the Philippine-Malaysia relations. The study attempted to answer the following questions: (1) perceive the effect of the Philippine reclamation on Sabah to the Philippines-Malaysia bilateral relations? (2) the Philippine reclamation on Sabah and its economic repercussions? (3) the Philippine reclamation on Sabah and its Political repercussions? The res

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2

Li, Yixuan. "The impact of American Philippine economic policy on Philippine modern economy during the Cold War." SHS Web of Conferences 180 (2023): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202318001016.

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As an important country in Southeast Asia, the Philippines has repeatedly occupied an important geographical position and had an important geographical and political position during the Cold War. Since the Cold War, the relationship between the United States and the Philippines has been very close, and the influence of the United States on the Philippines is self-evident. Therefore, studying the political influence of the United States on Philippine economic policy during the Cold War has important theoretical and practical significance. Starting from the economic policy adopted by the United

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3

Stenberg (石峻山), Josh. "Xiqu in the Philippines: From Church Suppression to MegaMall Shows." Journal of Chinese Overseas 16, no. 1 (2020): 58–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341413.

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Abstract Evidence of xiqu (“Chinese opera”) in the Philippines begins in the early 16th century, when the Catholic church sought to suppress it. Despite its longevity, Philippine xiqu has not featured much in the multidisciplinary study of ethnic Chinese in the Philippines, nor as part of the global turn in xiqu research. This article, attending to the history and contemporary practice of xiqu, situates the Philippines and especially Manila firmly in the Hokkien network of Chinese theatre, especially in the period between the late nineteenth century and World War II. The Philippines were, and

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4

Benitez, Christian Jil, and Phrae Chittiphalangsri. "Philippine philippine, or the Tropics in Cixous’s Dreaming True." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 22, no. 2 (2023): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.22.2.2023.3973.

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Hélène Cixous’s oneiric ideation of the philippine (twin almond)—and by extension, her text Philippines (2009/2011)—primarily evokes love, or that force of attraction between two beings in which one can never say where each begins or ends. It is by the virtue of this entanglement that another philippine can be offered to this discourse: the Philippines that is that archipelago which encloses and opens up a particular location and reality within the tropics. This essay attempts to reconsider Cixous’s philippine via the Philippine, through dwelling on the stroke of homophony between these two si

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Lin, Chunyang. "The Current Situation and Development Strategies of Chinese Language Education in the Philippines: Opportunities, Challenges and Practical Paths." International Journal of Education and Humanities 17, no. 2 (2024): 178–81. https://doi.org/10.54097/pbygma20.

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This paper discusses the current situation, problems and development strategies of Chinese language education in the Philippines. With the deepening of Sino-Philippines economic and trade relations, Chinese language education has gradually become an important language learning field in the Philippines, but it faces problems such as teacher shortage, insufficient localization of teaching materials and lagging policy support. This paper first analyzes the social background of Chinese language education and points out its important role in Philippine culture and economy; secondly, it analyzes the

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6

Cosme, Ana Lourdes L. "Philippines." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy 7, no. 2 (2022): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519391-07020008.

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Abstract Marine litter has been a persistent problem in the Philippines despite comprehensive legislation on solid waste management in place for more than twenty years in the form of Republic Act No. 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. Until 2021, the Philippines did not have a national policy and legislation that directly addressed marine litter issues in the country. In 2021, the Philippine government launched the National Plan of Action for the Prevention, Reduction, and Management of Marine Litter (npoa-ml) and in 2022, Congress passed Republic Act No. 11898 or the E

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7

Edralin, Divina, and Ronald Pastrana. "Technical and vocational education and training in the Philippines: In retrospect and its future directions." Bedan Research Journal 8, no. 1 (2023): 138–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v8i1.50.

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The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is the government agency tasked to manage and supervise technical education and skills development in the Philippines. In retrospect, we answered the research question: “What is the status of TVET in the Philippines as managed and supervised by TESDA and its future directions towards SDG#4? We described the evolution, goals, objectives, accomplishments, and challenges of TVET in the Philippines. We used the Philippine Qualifications Framework as the underpinning model which establishes a standard for education and training provid

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8

Rido, Imran, Siti Halimah, and Husni Mubarok. "Analysis of Islamic Education Policy: Philippines Case Study." TADRIBUNA: Journal of Islamic Education Management 2, no. 2 (2022): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.61456/tjiec.v2i2.22.

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This study aims to Analysis Of Islamic Education Policy: Philippines Case Study. This research includes qualitative research. The approach used is pure library research (library research). Data obtained from reading materials obtained by researchers from books, articles contained in print. Data were collected and sorted to fill in the answers to the formulated research questions. The analysis uses a content analysis approach that is adapted to the need to develop historical linkages and the dynamic context of madrasas in the Philippines. The conclusion of this study is that Islam in the Philip

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9

Saphire, Anisya Olivia, Dini Septianti Nurkhasanah, and Femri Resdifianti. "The Response of the Philippine Government in Handling the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of ASEAN Dynamics and Beyond 1, no. 2 (2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/aseandynamics.v1i2.47992.

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<em>All countries in Southeast Asia have faced the threat of widespread outbreaks of Coronavirus (COVID-19). One of the countries in Southeast Asia that experienced the most significant impact from COVID-19 is the Philippines. This paper discusses the COVID-19 threat as a form of non-traditional human security threat and the Philippines Government's need to carry out securitization and response measures to prevent the spread of the threat. In addition, this paper also explains the impact of COVID-19 in the Philippines and the new normal conditions after the lockdown was put in place by t

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10

Rahmat, Hayatul Khairul, Rizkia Mutiara Ramadhani, Nurbaiti Ma'rufah, Fitri Andrianti Indah Gustaman, Siswo Hadi Sumantri, and Agus Adriyanto. "BANTUAN CHINA BERUPA ALAT UJI CEPAT COVID-19 KEPADA FILIPINA: PERSPEKTIF DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL LOBBYING THEORY." Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial 30, no. 1 (2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jpis.v30i1.10623.

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This article aims to explain the objectives to be achieved by China related to the assistance give to the Philippines and the response that the Philippines should have done in responding. This paper used the literature study method with a descriptive approach. As for the findings of this paper, related to the theory of diplomacy and international lobbying, assistance provided by China to the Philippines is a tool used to achieve China's own interests and will have an influence on subsequent policy makers regarding maritime conflicts between China and the Philippines. Steps that needed to be ta

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Roldan, Ma Divina Gracia Z. "Addressing Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction through ICT and EU Assistance: The Case of Philippine Local Governance." European Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 2 (2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2022.v11n2p32.

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Developing countries are gravely challenged by the adverse effects of climate change and natural disasters. The Philippines is considered as one of the most vulnerable and disaster-prone countries in the world. The European Union (EU) as a development partner extends support to the Philippines on climate change. While there are global and national initiatives to take action on these issues, the challenge is how local governments can engage communities to address these environmental threats. The paper poses the following questions: (1) What initiatives did the Philippine national government und

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12

WERTZ, DANIEL J. P. "Idealism, Imperialism, and Internationalism: Opium Politics in the Colonial Philippines, 1898–1925." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 2 (2012): 467–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000388.

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AbstractWhile establishing a framework for colonial governance in the Philippines, American policymakers had to confront the issue of opium smoking, which was especially popular among the Philippine Chinese community. In 1903, the Philippine Commission proposed a return to the Spanish-era policy of controlling the opium trade through tax farming, igniting outrage among American Protestant missionaries in the Philippines and their supporters in the United States. Their actions revived a faltering global anti-opium movement, leading to a series of international agreements and domestic restrictio

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Cabras, A. A., J. Villegas, A. Ponce, and M. N. D. Medina. "METAPOCYRTUS MADAYAW SP. N. (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE, ENTIMINAE), A NEW FLIGHTLESS WEEVIL FROM EASTERN MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES." Far Eastern entomologist 490 (November 2, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/fee.490.1.

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The flightless weevil Metapocyrtus (Artapocyrtus) madayaw Cabras et Medina, sp. n. is described and illustrated from Davao Region in Mindanao Island, Philippines. Holotype and paratypes are deposited at the Philippine National Museum of Natural History (Manila, Philippines). Ecological notes on the new species are also provided.

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14

See, Teresita. "Historical and Cultural Foundations of Philippines-China Relations." Social Sciences Development Review 6, no. 1 (2015): 115–31. https://doi.org/10.70922/qvr3wz10.

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This paper explores the theme suggested by the conference convenors – “The Cultural Diplomacy between the Philippines and China” by highlighting lesser known vignettes and stories in the rich cultural legacy that has been imprinted indelibly on the tapestry of Philippine national culture. The paper emphasizes that this rich cultural heritage that has been implanted long before the Europeans and Americans came to the Philippines forms the building blocks and solid foundations of the relationship between China and the Philippines.

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15

Donoso, Isaac. "Narrating Islamic Origins in the Philippines: From Princess Urduja to Alexander the Great." International Journal of Islam in Asia 2, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25899996-20221031.

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Abstract Different disconnected stories have been associated with the origins of Islam in the Philippines, enforcing historical narratives that have avoid placing the lens on other facts. The story of Princess Urduja that Ibn Baṭṭūṭa included in his Riḥla, dominated the ethos of an Edenic past with Arabic connections. The Spanish concept of Reconquista and the articulation of the so-called ‘Moro Wars’ pervaded ad nauseam the Moro condition and the Philippine national construction. The presence of Alexander the Great in Philippine silsilas have certainly received unequal attention, without goin

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Sinco, Noel. "When South Meets South: A Case of African-Philippines Treaty Relations." Social Sciences Development Review 16, no. 1 (2024): 215–47. https://doi.org/10.70922/t9z7k166.

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The African-Philippines Relations connected through the manifestation of bilateral agreements with the respective African States with Egypt obtaining the most of it. The World Bank (2023) established the Small States Forum (SSF) mostly composed of the African States. The Philippines and specific African States share surprising similarities that qualify them as Small States under the World Bank (2023) definition. Sadly, the Philippines did not give enough attention to increase its African diplomatic base. The study mainly aims to analyze the depth of Philippine Relations with these African Smal

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17

General, David, and Gary Alpert. "A synoptic review of the ant genera (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Philippines." ZooKeys 200 (June 5, 2012): 1–111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.200.2447.

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An overview of the history of myrmecology in the Philippine archipelago is presented. Keys are provided to the 11 ant subfamilies and the 92 ant genera known from the Philippines. Eleven ant genera (12%), including 3 undescribed genera, are recorded for the first time from the Philippines. The biology and ecology of the 92 genera, illustrated by full-face and profile photo-images, of Philippine ants are summarized in the form of brief generic accounts. A bibliography of significant taxonomic and behavioral papers on Philippine ants and a checklist of valid species and subspecies and their isla

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18

PANARINA, Daria S. "PHILIPPINE EDUCATION SYSTEM DURING THE ERA OF THE THIRD PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC: 1946–1965." Southeast Asia: Actual Problems of Development, no. 4(57) (2022): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2022-4-4-57-253-269.

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The paper represents another item in the author's series of articles on the Philippine education system. The author examines in detail how Philippine education was changing during the Third Philippine Republic period, with what effect five Philippine presidents, who succeeded each other in years 1946–1965, managed to transform the education system in the Philippines, how their policy at the national level was reflected in the ideas which in their steed were propagated via the educational system in schools and other educational institutions. For the administration of each of the five presidents

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Damaška, Albert F., Dale Joy Mohagan, and Martin Fikácek. "Moss-inhabiting flea beetles in the Philippines (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae)." ZooKeys 960 (August 17, 2020): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54011.

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The Philippine islands are one of the key biodiversity hotspots in the Indo-Pacific area. Knowledge of moss-inhabiting flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae), a diverse and ecologically and morphologically enigmatic group in the Philippines is described. Six species from the Philippines are recorded, belonging to three genera: Benedictus luzonicus Sprecher-Uebersax et al., 2009 (recorded from the Philippines previously), Ivalia antennatasp. nov., I. caligulatasp. nov. and I. postfasciata (Chen, 1934), comb. nov. (transferred from Chabria Jacoby, 1887), Cangshanaltica mindanaoensis

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Obico, Jasper John A., Julie F. Barcelona, Vincent Bonhomme, Marie Hale, and Pieter B. Pelser. "Resolving the Tetrastigma loheri s. l. Species Complex (Vitaceae) in the Philippines: No Evidence for Recognizing More than One Species." Systematic Botany 46, no. 3 (2021): 750–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364421x16312067913327.

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Abstract— Tetrastigma loheri (Vitaceae) is a vine species native to Borneo and the Philippines. Because it is a commonly encountered forest species in the Philippines, T. loheri is potentially suitable for studying patterns of genetic diversity and connectivity among fragmented forest ecosystems in various parts of this country. However, previous research suggests that T. loheri is part of a species complex in the Philippines (i.e. the T. loheri s. l. complex) that potentially also contains Philippine plants identified as T. diepenhorstii, T. philippinense, T. stenophyllum, and T. trifoliolatu

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21

Shao, Ting. "The Spread of the Thousand Islands Poetry Society in the Philippines." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 04 (2024): 2450–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11092384.

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The Thousand Islands Poetry Society is the most famous modern Chinese poetry society in the Philippines. It has promoted the understanding of Chinese poetry culture among Chinese Filipinos, promoted the development of Chinese Philippine poetry, and given Chinese Philippine literature a place in Philippine literature and incr eased the visibility of Chinese Philippine literature in the Philippines and in East Asia and even in the world. This article will start with the establishment and cont ribution of the Thousand Islands Poetry Society in the Philippines, introduce the member s and works of

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Rhodora Solar, Anna, and John Matthew Poblete. "The Philippine-US Relations: Living or Leaving the Bandung Spirit?" Global South Review 2, no. 2 (2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.28868.

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The Philippines had its own share of colonial past. Just as other Asian and African countries which were under the Western colonizers, the Philippines partook of the momentous event that proposed an alternative to the world order dominated by superpowers—the Bandung Conference. The principles collectively known as Bandung Spirit were embraced by the Philippines and had a clear understanding of its symbolic significance. Yet such understanding of these principles was coupled with compromises on the Philippines relations with the United States. Over the decades, the Philippines had to do a balan

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Magboo, O.P., Cecilio Vladimir. "Lucio Gutierrez, O.P. and the Study of the Christianization of the Philippines." Philippiniana Sacra 51, no. 153 (2016): 403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55997/ps2005li153a4.

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Fr. Lucio Peña Gutierrez, O.P. may be considered as having contributed significantly in the field of studies in the Ecclesiastical History of the Philippines and Philippine history in general. As a dedicated scholar, he campaigned for a more fair and objective view of the Philippine History. His studies tried to dispel a number of myths in the way the Spaniards carried out the evangelization and conquest of the Philippine Islands. He has shown that the experience of the Philippines is unique and the transformation of such scattered group of islands into a Christian nation could be considered o

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Mastura, Ishak. "Geopolitical Games and Malaysian Mediation in the Philippines." Jindal Journal of International Affairs 1, no. 1 (2011): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54945/jjia.v1i1.4.

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This article assesses the complex strategic environment prevailing in East and Southeast Asia, where a “vacuum war” may be underway between China and the United States, with the southern Philippines as the bone of contention. The author argues that Malaysia is a keystone player in the peace process in Mindanao region of the Philippines and that it has a convergence of interests with the US. Malaysia’s involvement as a peace mediator between the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic rebel movement is driven by Kuala Lumpur’s own territorial agenda and is not necessarily in alignment with t

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Sianipar, Imelda Masni Juniaty. "China – the Philippines relations in the Belt and Road Initiative cooperation framework." Reality of Politics 23, no. 1 (2023): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/rop2023105.

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This article examines Chinese-Philippine cooperation within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This is an intriguing issue because, in 2016, many people predicted that China would exclude the Philippines from the BRI framework due to their dispute over the Scarborough Shoal. Former Philippine President Benigno Aquino III had criticized China’s South China Sea maritime expansion, but Duterte changed the country’s foreign policy in 2016. He followed China’s advice and moved forward, resolving differences between the two countries and developing a healthy bilateral relationship.

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MATTHIESSEN, SVEN. "Re-Orienting the Philippines: The KALIBAPI party and the application of Japanese Pan-Asianism, 1942–45." Modern Asian Studies 53, no. 2 (2019): 560–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x17000294.

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AbstractDuring their occupation of the Philippines from 1942 to 1945, the Japanese invaders aimed at making the archipelago become part of the so-called Greater East Asia Co- Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS, Daitōa kyōeiken)—a self-sustaining economic bloc that should act as a bulwark against Western imperialism. The underlying philosophy of the GEACPS was pan-Asianism (Han Ajia-shugi)—an ideology that propagated the liberation and unity of all Asian peoples. In the Philippines, the Japanese administrators faced various problems with the implementation of this ideology. The strong impact of four cen

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Iwan, Satriawan, and Mustofa Muhammad. "A Genealogical Study of the History of Philippine Terrorism." Journal of Social and Political Sciences 6, no. 2 (2023): 162–71. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.06.02.417.

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The history of terrorist acts in the Philippines is the focus of this paper. Each act of terrorism has a unique goal, but the most common goal is to undermine the power of a state's government. Terrorism is not an act committed by individuals, but by groups that have made decisions based on shared beliefs and commitments, even if these individuals have different commitments and beliefs toward the group. The researcher used observation through the experience of researchers when they were involved in various activities related to Philippine terrorists, such as the release of Indonesian citiz

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Damaška, Albert F., Dale Joy Mohagan, and Martin Fikácek. "Moss-inhabiting flea beetles in the Philippines (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae)." ZooKeys 960 (August 17, 2020): 125–42. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.960.54011.

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The Philippine islands are one of the key biodiversity hotspots in the Indo-Pacific area. Knowledge of moss-inhabiting flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae), a diverse and ecologically and morphologically enigmatic group in the Philippines is described. Six species from the Philippines are recorded, belonging to three genera: Benedictus luzonicus Sprecher-Uebersax et al., 2009 (recorded from the Philippines previously), Ivalia antennata sp. nov., I. caligulata sp. nov. and I. postfasciata (Chen, 1934), comb. nov. (transferred from Chabria Jacoby, 1887), Cangshanaltica mindanaoens

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BEZDĚK, JAN. "Revision of Hoplasoma (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) of the Philippines, with descriptions of five new species." Zootaxa 3382, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3382.1.1.

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The species of Hoplasoma Jacoby, 1884, of the Philippines are revised. Eight species, including five new, are treated: H.bakeri Bezděk, sp. nov. (Sibuyan), H. konstantinovi Bezděk, sp. nov. (Mindoro), H. magellani Bezděk, sp. nov. (Mind-anao, Sulu, Samar, Panaon), H. mcgregori Bezděk, sp. nov. (Negros), Hoplasoma mindanense Medvedev, 2002 (Mindan-ao), H. philippinense Jacoby, 1894 (Luzon), H. picifemora Allard, 1888 (= H. luzonica Medvedev, 2002, syn. nov.)(Luzon) and H. semperi Bezděk, sp. nov. (“Philippines”). Lectotypes are designated for H. philippinense and H.picifemora. Photographs of th

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Rodríguez, Rebeca Fernández. "Lexicography in the Philippines (1600–1800)." Historiographia Linguistica 41, no. 1 (2014): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.41.1.01rod.

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Summary Spanish missionary lexicography in America and the Philippines is extensive and deserving of detailed research. In the Philippines, from 1600 up to 1898, more than fifty vocabularies were published in thirteen different languages. Alongside these are numerous vocabularies preserved only as manuscripts and others that are known to be lost. Following some recent publications on Philippine lexicography, in particular bibliographic surveys and studies of specific vocabularies (García-Medall 2004, 2009; Sueiro Justel 2003; Fernández Rodríguez 2009, 2012), as well as Smith-Stark’s (2009) wo

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Eduardo, Jesster P., and Arneil G. Gabriel. "Indigenous Peoples and the Right to Education: The Dumagat Experience in the Provinces of Nueva Ecija and Aurora, in the Philippines." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (2021): 215824402110094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211009491.

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The Philippine historical accounts show that Indigenous Peoples (IPs) in the Philippines have long been suffering from discrimination and lack of access to Education. The IPs comprise about 10% to 20% of the Philippines’s 102.9 million total populations. The Philippine educational system’s neo-colonial background creates injustice on some cultural minorities who can attend school. For this matter, the study measures the perceptions of the Dumagats on their rights to Education. It focuses on the Dumagat communities in the provinces of Nueva Ecija and Aurora in the Philippines. By using the simp

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Villegas, Richard Ryan. "The Advent, Evolution Termination of the 1947 Military Bases Agreement and Its Influences to Philippine Military Foreign Policy." Research Probe 2, no. 1 (2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53378/352882.

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The history of the Military Bases Agreement (MBA) between the US and the Philippines brings a dynamic view of Philippine foreign policy. The Philippine foreign policy has to change to respond to the changing needs of the changing times. Among the areas of foreign policy that is very significant is the military aspect as it provides social, economic advantages. This study aims to provide a historical overview of the MBA and its implication towards the adoption of a military foreign policy of the Philippines from 1947-1991. Explanations on how the MBA has shaped the Philippine foreign policies f

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Saguil, Esther, Amiel Nazer Bermudez, Carl Abelardo Antonio, and Kim Cochon. "Consensus Recommendations on the Prevention and Management of Surgical Site Infections (SSI) in the Philippine Setting." Philippine Journal of Surgical Specialties 72, no. 2 (2017): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.61662/pcs_lpwy9819.

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Over the years, strategies in the prevention and management of surgical site infections (SSI) of patients in the Philippines have never been standardized. Several guidelines released by international foreign bodies have been found to be either conflicting or inappropriate for adaptation in the local context. To address these issues, the Philippine College of Surgeons (PCS), in collaboration with the Philippine Hospital Infection Control Society (PHICS), Philippine Hospital Infection Control Nurses Association (PHICNA) and Operating Room Nurses Association of the Philippines, Inc. (ORNAP), init

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Immerwahr, Daniel. "Philippine Independence in U.S. History." Pacific Historical Review 91, no. 2 (2022): 220–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2022.91.2.220.

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In 1946, the United States freed its largest colony, the Philippines. This article examines the decision-making behind that and argues that the road to freedom was not straight. The 1934 law scheduling independence was motivated mainly by protectionism, racism, and a sense that the Philippines was a military liability. Moreover, it contained many loopholes. Between its passage and the scheduled date for independence, Washington’s original reasons for freeing the Philippines had nearly all vanished, and high-ranking colonial officials sought to derail the independence process. Nevertheless, the

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Al, Faithrich C. Navarrete, and M. Tatlonghari Virgilio. "TRADE AGREEMENT AS A MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF THE JAPAN-PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (JPEPA)." Journal of Global Trade, Ethics and Law 1, no. 1 (2023): 116–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7807777.

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<strong>Abstract. </strong>The Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA) includes comprehensive provisions that aims to foster economic growth. The provision on Tariff Elimination is expected to increase trade between the two countries. A modified Gravity Model was used in order to estimate the impact of Tariff Elimination to Exports of the Philippines to Japan using the weighted average of tariffs imposed by Japan to Philippine Exports. While a Two-Stage Least Squares (TSLS) was utilized to estimate its impact to Economic Development. Using quarterly data from 2001 to 2013, res

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Angeles, Vivienne S. M. "The Middle East and the Philippines: Transnational Linkages, Labor Migration and the Remaking of Philippine Islam." Comparative Islamic Studies 7, no. 1-2 (2012): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v7i1-2.157.

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In this article, Angeles explains how historically Islam in the Philippines has been identified as a religion of ethnic groups that are concentrated in the southern part of the country. Yet Islam in the Philippines has now transcended ethnic boundaries with the increasing number of Filipino Catholics converting to Islam. The author describes how labor migration to the Middle East has led to changes in the composition of Muslims in the Philippines, which in turn has resulted in the growing plural nature of Philippine Islam. This change is demonstrated by the growth of the Balik Islam (converts/

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Untalan, M. Z. G., D. F. M. Burgos, and K. P. Martinez. "SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELLING OF TWO SPECIES ENDEMIC TO THE PHILIPPINES TO SHOW THE APPLICABILITY OF MAXENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W19 (December 23, 2019): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w19-449-2019.

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Abstract. Maxent is a machine learning model used for species distribution modelling (SDM) that is rising in popularity. As with any species distribution model, it needs to be validated for certain species before being used to generate insights and trusted predictions. Using Maxent, SDM of two endemic species in the Philippines, Varanus palawanensis (Palawan monitor lizard) and Caprimulgus manillensis (Philippine nightjar), were created using presence-only data, with 14 V. palawanensis and 771 C. manillensis occurrences, and 19 bioclimatic variables from BIOCLIM. This study shows the consisten

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Sanchez, Enrico Gerard S., Emmanuel D. Delocado, and Hendrik Freitag. "Two new species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Northern Luzon, Philippines." ZooKeys 1112 (July 12, 2022): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1112.85752.

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Two species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859, A. angatbuhaysp. nov. and A. auxiliumsp. nov., are described from Northern Luzon, Philippines. The new species can be distinguished through colour, body shape, surface puncturation and characteristic aedeagi. Descriptions are provided and complemented with habitus photographs and drawings of the aedeagi. Data on genus distribution in the Philippines are reviewed and an updated Philippine checklist is provided.

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Terami-Wada, Motoe. "Lt. Shigenobu Mochizuki and the New Philippine Cultural Institute." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 27, no. 1 (1996): 104–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400010717.

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This paper illustrates the Japanese cultural policy towards the Philippines through the example of the New Philippine Cultural Institute, an educational institution created by the Japanese military to inculcate the Filipino youth with patriotism and to nurture the future leaders of the “New Philippines”. This organization developed later into a volunteer army which showed determination to fight against the returning U.S. forces.

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Lipski, John M. "On the Reduction of /S/ in Philippine Creole Spanish." Diachronica 3, no. 1 (1986): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.3.1.04lip.

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SUMMARY Philippine Creole Spanish ('Chabacano') continues to be spoken in several areas of the Philippines and offers a useful perspective on the development of Spanish during the 17th and 18th centuries. The present study traces the development of syllable-final /s/ in Chabacano, using a variational model. A comparative investigation of the principal Chabacano dialects, those of Manila Bay (the original forms) and the dialect of Zamboanga (a later transplantation, partially decreolized) reveals the continued existence of a process of reduction of implosive /s/. By including additional data on

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Woods, Colleen. "Seditious Crimes and Rebellious Conspiracies: Anti-communism and US Empire in the Philippines." Journal of Contemporary History 53, no. 1 (2017): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416669423.

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This article details how US colonial policymakers and Filipino political elites, intent on fostering a non-revolutionary Philippine nationalism in the late 1920s and 1930s, produced an anti-communist politics aimed at eliminating or delegitimizing radical anti-imperialism. Communist-inspired, anti-imperial activists placed US imperialism in the Philippines within the framework of western imperialism in Asia, thereby challenging the anti-imperial ideology of the US empire. Americans and elite Filipinos met this challenge by repressing radical, anti-imperialist visions of Philippine independence

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Lee, Christina H. "The Invention of the “Sangley” in the Early Modern Spanish Philippines." Source(s) – Arts, Civilisation et Histoire de l’Europe, no. 22 (December 30, 2024): 111–26. https://doi.org/10.57086/sources.984.

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Christina H. Lee explores the term “Sangley”, used by early Spanish settlers to refer to Chinese people or their descendants in the Philippine archipelago. This term, only used in the Philippines, distinguished Chinese workers and traders from their mainland counterparts. Lee argues that the use of this term was a tool of social and political control, reinforcing Spanish superiority. By labeling Chinese inhabitants “Sangleyes”, Spanish colonial authorities marginalized them, emphasizing their status as a distinct and inferior group within the Philippine racial hierarchy. Moreover, the Ming dyn

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TAMAYO, MAVERICK N., and PETER W. FRITSCH. "Two new endemic species of blueberry (Vaccinium L., Ericaceae) from Luzon and Mindanao islands, Philippines." Phytotaxa 564, no. 2 (2022): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.1.

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Two new species of Vaccinium from the Philippines are described and illustrated from historical herbarium collections. Vaccinium burburan from Luzon Island, Northern Philippines is morphologically similar to V. tenuipes, but is distinguished by having shorter petioles, pedicels and corolla, adaxially pubescent leaf blades with cordate base, apically pubescent corollas, and pubescent filaments throughout. It is only one of two species of Vaccinium in the Philippines known to have a cordate leaf blade base. Vaccinium burburan is considered critically endangered. Vaccinium jubatum from Mindanao I

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Landicho, Leila. "PAFERN: Advancing Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research via Networking." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development 8, no. 1 (2011): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37801/ajad2011.8.1.6.

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Agroforestry education in the Philippines is already 30 years old. While there was interest among the state colleges and universities to offer various agroforestry education programs in the Philippines, these institutions were faced with a number of issues, development needs, and challenges that hindered program implementation. This article highlights the significant contributions of the Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research Network (PAFERN) in strengthening the quality of agroforestry education in the Philippines. It argues that institutional capacity-building programs of PAFERN made

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Emin, ATASOY, ATIŞ Evren, and Gaukhar KONYSPAEVNA Baubekova. "The Republic of the Philippines from the Perspective of Geography of Countries." NTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND ART RESEARCH 8, no. 3 (2023): 261–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8350637.

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The Republic of the Philippines, which is the most populous Catholic Christian population of the Asian continent, is both a Southeast Asian country and an archipelago, a Monsoon and ASEAN country, and a Pacific state surrounded by the Pacific Ocean waters. This ocean country, which does not possess land borders, consists of 7641 islands. The islands of Luzon, Negros, Mindanao, Palawan, Cebu, Panay and Samar constitute the country's largest ones in terms of both area and population. Nevertheless, Bohol, Boracay, Siargao, Samal, Camiguin, Cebu, Siquijor, Malapascua, Bantayan, Coron, Panglao

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Sanchez, Enrico Gerard S., Emmanuel D. Delocado, and Hendrik Freitag. "Two new species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Northern Luzon, Philippines." ZooKeys 1112 (July 12, 2022): 11–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1112.85752.

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Abstract:

Two species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859, A. angatbuhay sp. nov. and A. auxilium sp. nov., are described from Northern Luzon, Philippines. The new species can be distinguished through colour, body shape, surface puncturation and characteristic aedeagi. Descriptions are provided and complemented with habitus photographs and drawings of the aedeagi. Data on genus distribution in the Philippines are reviewed and an updated Philippine checklist is provided.

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Bautista, Lowell. "Upholding Sovereignty and Constitutional Mandates: The Philippine Supreme Court’s Ruling on the Tripartite Agreement for Joint Marine Seismic Undertaking in the South China Sea." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy 9, no. 1 (2024): 146–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519391-090100010.

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Abstract This article examines the Philippine Supreme Court’s landmark ruling declaring the Joint Marine Seismic Undertaking (jmsu) unconstitutional, emphasizing its implications for Philippine foreign policy and territorial disputes in the South China Sea. The jmsu, an agreement between China, Vietnam, and the Philippines for joint exploration in a contested maritime area, was challenged for contravening the Philippine Constitution’s provisions on national sovereignty over natural resources. The decision reaffirms the Philippines’ sovereign rights and sets a legal precedent emphasizing the pr

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Paller Gerale, Christopher. "Decoding the Duterte Doctrine: Understanding Strategic Changes in Philippine Foreign Policy during Duterte Administration." Global Focus 4, no. 1 (2024): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jgf.c2024.004.01.1.

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This article employs a sophisticated neoclassical realist framework to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the intricate landscape of Philippine foreign policy under the administration of former Philippine President Rodrigo Roa Duterte, elucidating the contours of the so-called “The Duterte Doctrine”. This encompasses a nuanced exploration of the nation's role as a middle power, focusing on the pillars of national security, economic diplomacy, and the safeguarding of overseas Filipinos. Employing an analytical lens that intricately weaves systemic pressures and domestic imperatives, the study

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Mendoza, Mikayla, and Andrew Gonzalez. "External Debt and its Impact on Exchange Rates in the Philippines." Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 4, no. 1 (2022): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2022.4.1.6.

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The exchange rate is a crucial macroeconomic factor within emerging and transition economies. External debt is a driving force for the growth of an economy. This study then aims to determine the impact of external debt on the exchange rate of the Philippines by examining the impact of external debt accumulation on the Philippines' exchange rates. The researcher applies a correlational time series analysis in order to capture the impact of external debt, debt services on external debt, and foreign reserves on the exchange rate of the Philippines within the period from 1980 to 2019. The relation

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Odagiri, Takashi, Yoko Matsuzaki, Michiko Okamoto, et al. "Isolation and Characterization of Influenza C Viruses in the Philippines and Japan." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 3 (2014): 847–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02628-14.

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From November 2009 to December 2013 in the Philippines, 15 influenza C viruses were isolated, using MDCK cells, from specimens obtained from children with severe pneumonia and influenza-like illness (ILI). This is the first report of influenza C virus isolation in the Philippines. In addition, from January 2008 to December 2013, 7 influenza C viruses were isolated from specimens that were obtained from children with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Sendai city, Japan. Antigenic analysis with monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoprotein showed that 19 strains (12 from

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