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1
McBain, James F. "Philosophical intuitions--philosophical analysis." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5560.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on July 28, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
2
Tarasenko, Yu. "Philosophical analysis of loneliness." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2012. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/10279.
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Loneliness is one of the major philosophical problems of society. This feeling has
been and remains an object of study of philosophers, psychologists and psychiatrists,
sociologists, anthropologists, educators, representatives of other scientific disciplines.
The concept “loneliness” is actually a state of mind, which causes people to feel empty,
alone and unwanted. Loneliness is the perception of being alone and isolated
Theoretical understanding of this problem can be already found in ancient times.
The Book of Ecclesiastes tells us that people were sensitive to loneliness in those
distant ages and perceived it like a drama that led to a profound depletion of the
individual.
3
Tasdelen, Iskender. "Resemblance: A Logico-philosophical Analysis." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606719/index.pdf.
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Indiscernibility, interchangeability and resemblance relations may be named as weak-identity relations or identity-like relations. Indeed,identical objects can be thought to
satisfy all these three relations. According to realist view, these relations are defined on the basis of properties of objects. While indiscernibility is a context-independent relation, since indiscernibility is defined in terms of all properties of objects, interchangeability and resemblance relations are defined in terms of some significant
properties of objects and thus they should be regarded as context-dependent.
We should consider the following points while comparing rivalling theories of resemblance:
1. The theory explaining resemblance relations between objects should cover as many domains as possible. Instead of simply admitting that objects of a given type may resemble each other, the theory should explain how these relations are possible.
2. Objects do not just resemble or they do not<br>resemblance is a relation that admits degrees. Thus the theory providing a finer analysis of close and weak resemblances should be preferred.
In comparison to resemblance nominalism, realist theory of resemblance is strongerwith respect to both points. The criticism that realist view may not explain degrees of resemblance can be rejoined by removing the indeterminacy as to the nature of this notion.Among knowledge representation systems, property and attribute systems provide a simple but strong models for analytic ontology. Weak identity relations can easily be defined in these systems and the results following from these definitions can be seen to conform to our intuitions about weak
identity relations.
4
Tengland, Per-Anders. "Mental health : a philosophical analysis /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1998. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp98/arts177s.htm.
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Birch, Jonathan George. "Kin selection : a philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648149.
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Wahlström, Bertel. "Religious action, a philosophical analysis /." Åbo : Åbo akademis förlag = Åbo academy press, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36694139c.
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Xin, Yuchen. "Wittgenstein's Tractatus logico-philosophicus and Kafka's Oktavhefte| A comparative stylistic and philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1552100.
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<p> In the mid 1920s, reflecting the concerns of the "<i>Sprachkrise </i>", Ludwig Wittgenstein and Franz Kafka composed writings deeply concerned with language's ability to express human thought. In his <i>Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus</i>, Wittgenstein attempted to draw the boundary of meaningful language. During the same period, Kafka developed his thoughts on language and ethics in his <i>Oktavhefte</i>. I compare these works, showing that they share an understanding of language as a domain bound within the physical world and incapable of expressing our spiritual being. Presenting itself as rigorous philosophical writing, Wittgenstein's <i> Tractatus</i> constantly reminds its reader of the limitations of its own logical and philosophical language by claiming itself to be "nonsense" and only a ladder the reader should climb and get rid of. Kafka, without constructing rigorous logical arguments, composed a critique demonstrating the unnaturalness of natural language and showing that its poetic nature lets language transcend its own boundaries.</p>
8
De, Giuli Lou Akusua. "Ziraili na Zirani, a philosophical analysis." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-107443.
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The novel Ziraili na Zirani, by W. Mkufya, is characterised by the constant recurrence of themes featuring in theodicy, the philosophical ‘vindication of divine goodness and providence in view of the existence of evil’ (Oxford dictionaries online). The themes which emerge from the characters’ conversations throughout the novel provide a constant confrontation of arguments to support or refute the existence of God. This paper aims to analyse the novel from a philosophical perspective, in order to clarify and emphasise the connection between the ideas and words employed by the characters, and the theories of Western philosophers such as St. Anselm, Thomas Aquinas and Leibnitz. The focus on these particular philosophical aspects contributes to a deeper understanding of the novel as a whole.
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Summerscales, Ian. "Attentive educational practice : a philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531145.
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Armaline, William D. "A philosophical analysis of teacher clarity /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261553057828.
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Teeple, Jamie Eric. "A Philosophical Analysis of STEM Education." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543280674680388.
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Fennell, Damien James. "A philosophical analysis of causality in econometrics." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1855/.
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This thesis makes explicit, develops and critically discusses a concept of causality that is assumed in structural models in econometrics. The thesis begins with a development of Herbert Simon's (1953) treatment of causal order for linear deterministic, simultaneous systems of equations to provide a fully explicit mechanistic interpretation for these systems. Doing this allows important properties of the assumed causal reading to be discussed including: the invariance of mechanisms to intervention and the role of independence in interventions. This work is then extended to basic structural models actually used in econometrics, linear models with errors-in-the-equations. This part of the thesis provides a discussion of how error terms are to be interpreted and sets out a way to introduce probabilistic concepts into the mechanistic interpretation set out earlier. The resulting analysis is then critically compared with similar work by economists, Stephen LeRoy (1995) and Kevin Hoover (2001a) who both develop Simon's work on causal order in different ways. In the latter part of the thesis, the mechanistic interpretation set out at the beginning is used to interpret identification conditions. Typically, these are presented in econometrics as mathematical conditions for determining whether unknown parameters in equations can be measured from observation. In the thesis it is shown that the identification conditions imposed on sets of equations when interpreted mechanistically require a sparseness of causal structure that ensures that experiments are hypothetically possible of the causal structure. It also analyses the role of identifiability conditions in causal inference. The final part of the thesis shows that the mechanistic interpretation developed in the thesis succeeds, unlike Simon's own methods for analysing spurious correlation, in avoiding important criticisms by Nancy Cartwright (1989) whose own approach to inferring causal structure from observations is also critically analysed.
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Sanderson, Alan. "Managing community : a philosophical analysis of praxis." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1617.
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If communities are to become a viable means of implementing social policy then community practitioners must individually examine their personal praxis. Therefore, in discovering a community's aims and objectives, a management model is needed that offers every practitioner a reflexive means of understanding peoples' beliefs, values, and attitudes. This proposition is critically examined through a philosophical framework that explores individuals' diverse perspectives on community, derived from their adherence to contending ontological and epistemological propositions about the social world, and its related ethical and motivational dimensions. Following a philosophical analysis, the taxonomy of social reality perspectives, developed by Dixon (2003) and Dixon and Dogan (2002; 2003a, b, c, d; 2004). is systematically used to explore the contending views on social reality. Thus, methodological configurations are associated with logical categories, (1) naturalist agency, underpinning the self-interested (free-riding) homo economicus\ (2) naturalist structuralism, underpinning the obligation driven homo hierarchus; (3) hermeneutic structuralism, underpinning the conversation-saturated homo sociologicus (Archer, 2000: 4); and (4) hermeneutic agency, underpinning homo existentialis. The disciplines of social psychology, ethics, and political science are employed to explore selected facets of human nature, moral principles, and political ideology chosen, by associates of each set of methodological configurations, in particular relational situations. Informed by this investigation a sample of community practitioners were questioned about their praxis. This reveals that a substantial majority understand and accept an objective and knowable social worid where people are self-interested. Therefore, these practitioners perceive community as a setting where they can influence the decisions of others through discourse and judge its ethical merits by the degree of loyalty and obligation extended to their projects. Thus, it is apparent that community practitioners should evaluate their praxis, through critical self-reflection, if they are to develop suitably robust and durable symbiotic relationships with adherents to each of the four social reality perceptions. This research leads to a new logic, based on the innovative interpretation of ontotogical and epistemotogical configurations offered in the seminal work of Bhaskar (1978 and 1979) and Archer (1989, 1995, 2000 and 2003). Here, an emerging social ontology informs the construction of more specific theories conceming the dynamics of community in identifiable localities. Therefore, it now becomes possible to construct a management model, incorporating contending social realities, the techniques of mediation and the results of changing cognition and cognitive dissonance, that facilitates community practitioner's critical self-reflection and construction of managerial strategies based on community member's contending perceptions of social reality.
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Sakorrafou-Katinaki, Kyriakoula. "Towards a philosophical analysis of scientific activity." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417738.
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Bude, Job. "Are we our brains? A philosophical analysis." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-177019.
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In this thesis, the research question is: are we numerically identical to our brains? My answer to this question will be that we are identical to a psychological conscious entity, instead of a physical brain. In order to answer the research question, several theories on personal identity are investigated. Firstly, personal identity is introduced and different theories on what humans are discussed. Secondly, several answers to the persistence question will be given. This question asks what it takes for someone to persist from one moment to another. Thirdly, arguments for identifying persons with their brains will be given as well as objections to these arguments. Here, the focus will be on Nagel and Parfit’s discussion whether we are our brains. Fourthly, arguments against identifying persons with their brains will be discussed as well as objections to those arguments. Arguments for why we are something else then a brain are presented in this section. Animalism and Parfit’s embodied person view will be debated and objections discussed. And finally, I will discuss all the relevant positions and elaborate on my own answer to the research question.
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Starkstein, Sergio. "Fear: A conceptual analysis and philosophical therapy." Thesis, Starkstein, Sergio (2016) Fear: A conceptual analysis and philosophical therapy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/35094/.
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Fear is a critical emotion in everyday life as it permeates many of our minor and major decisions. Explicitly or implicitly, fear is one of the emotions that most strongly shape human life. In this thesis fear and its philosophical remedies will be analysed through the work of western philosophers and thinkers selected based on their overall contributions in conceptualizing fear and suggesting therapies for reducing its more damaging effects.
The study will show how Epicurus, Cicero and Seneca considered fear as the main obstacle in achieving peace of mind, and their ethical systems were primarily focused on dealing with this emotion by proposing eclectic philosophical therapies. Montaigne presented a humanist therapy of fear instrumented as a critical self-analysis.
In contrast, a reductionist trend in thinking about fear emerged during the 17th century with the growth of materialistic philosophy. Thomas Hobbes reduced fear into a necessary tool for social control, whereas René Descartes demoted fear to a secondary emotion enacted by a dualist mechanism. This trend continued with William James’s conception of fear as a sensory-somatic reflex, and with Sigmund Freud’s hypothesis of a neurotic fear resulting from universal unconscious laws.
I will also discuss how current neuroscience has reduced fear to decontextualized neural changes, and how the dominant trend in psychiatry has reified anxiety into arbitrary nomenclatures of unclear validity. On a completely different tack Ludwig Wittgenstein provided a broad ‘perspicuous presentation’ of fear, but his nuanced analysis has been largely ignored in philosophical studies.
Overall it can be seen that, in keeping with the scientific revolution, the influential perspectives throughout the philosophical history of fear change from understandings that philosophy itself and reason are the best therapies for fear towards the medicalization of fear that is dominant today. By following these specific and diverse historical convergences, however, their criss-crossing insights and oversights, the thesis aims to enhance the conceptual understanding of fear and the variety of perspectives and therapies available for accommodating its enduring influence in our lives.
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梅家永 and Ka-wing Kevin May. "The human right to welfare: a philosophical analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31211781.
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Lam, Man-on, and 林文安. "Exploitation and luck in capitalism: a philosophical analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214253.
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Songhurst, A. "Employability through a philosophical lens : a conceptual analysis." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/18017/.
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This thesis argues that the primary importance placed on skills as a panacea for economic growth is a misplaced emphasis, situated within an employability and skills narrative that has so far failed to deliver on its claims. Furthermore, the failure to acknowledge and give equal weighting to notions of personal formation and human flourishing, in other than financial terms, has resulted in a one-dimensional dominant political discourse that depicts a reductionist view of higher education and impoverishes the concept of employability. The government-commissioned reviews and reports examined for this study chart the changing nature of this discourse over a fifty year period (1963-2013), as it moves away from the holistic vision for higher education set out in the Robbins Report (Robbins, 1963), towards a dominant discourse of 'economically valuable skills' (Leitch, 2006, p.44) and the assertion that universities 'should assume an explicit responsibility for facilitating economic growth.' (Witty, 2013, p.6). The philosophical lens through which the concept of employability is examined focuses primarily on the work of David Carr, whose thinking on moral and virtue education serves as the central voice around which other voices and perspectives can be identified and heard, and to show how a virtue ethical approach can form the basis of a credible, alternative employability and skills narrative. By bringing a case study approach into the conceptual analysis of employability, I have been able to interrogate how a particular university perceives and engages with the concept and this has provided unique insights into how universities, through key stakeholders, engage with employability in ways that are complex and negotiated. The term 'nostalgic pragmatism' has been coined in an attempt to convey what I have found to be a sense of yearning for the pre-expansion period of higher education, balanced by recognition of the relative importance of the concept of employability in an era of mass participation.
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Niemand, Johannes R. "The autonomy of culture : a cultural-philosophical analysis." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85680.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Multicultural conflicts pervade our world and have sparked considerable
debate about their possible resolution. We argue that how culture is
conceptualized is crucial to the continued dialogue about multicultural
conflicts. Specifically, we argue that approaches that argue for the protection
of cultures run into significant problems if they do not employ a conception of
cultures as delineated entities. However, we also hold that the notion that
cultures cannot be distinct in any way, does very little to contribute to
dialogue. From the very beginning, it excludes the notion of a culture that is to
be protected and thus stops the dialogue there and then. To be true to the
principle of audi ad alteram partem, approaches to multicultural conflicts must
conceive of an alternative model, provided that such a model is logically
possible. This may provide the dialogue with a much needed point of common
understanding from which to proceed. Accordingly, we develop a model of
culture whereby it is possible to delineate cultures. In this model, a culture can
be delineable in a manner analogous to how we delineate persons. Our model
of personal delineation suggests a dual structure whereby a trivial personal
boundary contains a unity of conflict within the person. In persons, this unity of
conflict lies in the relationship between the “I” and repressed meanings. This
relationship must be characterised by self-referential decisions and the
capacity to make self-referential decisions is central to our definition of
personal autonomy. In cultures, we argue that multicultural conflicts provide
the necessary conditions that enable us to conceptualize trivial boundaries in
cultures in terms of the communicative relationships between members of a
particular culture. Multicultural conflicts prompt self-categorizations by
individuals and such self-categorizations are made in terms of group
membership. Though all members may not agree as to who belongs to the
culture and who does not, the claims made about membership serve to
differentiate the communicative relationships inside the culture from those
outside it. Furthermore, we show that, inside this trivial boundary, a unity of
conflict analogous to the one found in personal autonomy, can be exhibited by
cultures. We show how a culture, through its institutions, particularly through an institutionalised exit possibility, 1) may exhibit self-reference and 2) relate
to a source of authority in the same way as a person does when making selfreferential
decisions. In this regard, we argue that institutionalised exit
possibilities embody adherence to the consensus vs. power criterion,
according to which the dominant account of a culture is achieved through
consensus, as opposed to through the exertion of power. Furthermore, we
argue that with a strong analogy between cultures’ and personal delineation, it
becomes reasonable to extend concepts we usually apply to persons, such as
fairness, attachment and viability, so that they can also apply to cultures. We
show that the application of these concepts clarifies certain current
multicultural issues. The application of theses concepts also leads to the
development of a decision making process to deal with multicultural issues.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Multikulturele konflikte kom wêreldwyd voor en het reeds aansienlike debat
oor die resolusie van sodanige konflik ontlok. Ons voer aan dat hoe kultuur
gekonseptualiseer word, besonder belangrik is vir die voorgesette dialoog oor
multikulturele konflikte. Meer spesifiek voer ons aan dat benaderings wat vir
die beskerming van kulture argumenteer, beduidende probleme ondervind
indien dit nie `n konsepsie van kulture as delinieerbare entiteite gebruik nie.
Die gedagte dat kulture nie op enige manier afgebaken kan word nie, dra
egter ook weinig by tot dialoog. Dit sluit van meet af die gedagte dat kulture
beskerm moet word, uit en staak dus die dialoog daar en dan. Ten einde
getrou te wees aan die beginsel van audi ad alteram partem, moet
benaderings tot multikulturele konflik `n alternatiewe model van kultuur
bedink, mits so `n model logies moontlik is. So `n model kan die dialoog van
`n broodnodige gemeenskaplike uitgangspunt voorsien. Ons ontwikkel
dienooreenkomstig `n model van kultuur waarvolgens dit moontlik is om
kulture te delinieer. Volgens hierdie model kan `n kultuur delinieer word in
analogie met hoe persone delinieer word. Ons model van persoonlike
deliniëring stel `n tweeledige struktuur voor, waarvolgens `n triviale
persoonlike grens `n eenheid van konflik binne die persoon omspan. In
persone lê hierdie eenheid van konflik in die verhouding tussen die “ek” en
onderdrukte betekenisse. Hierdie verhouding moet deur self-referensiële
besluite gekenmerk word. Die vermoë tot self-referensiële besluite, so voer
ons aan, is ook die sentrale kenmerk van persoonlike outonomie. Ons voer
aan dat multikulturele konflikte die noodsaaklike toestande skep wat ons in
staat stel om triviale grense in kulture te definieer in terme van die
kommunikatiewe verhoudings tussen lede van `n spesifieke kultuur.
Multikulturele konflikte ontlok self-kategorisering deur individue en sodanige
kategorisering word in terme van groeplidmaatskap gedoen. Hoewel alle lede
van die kultuur nie noodwendig saamstem oor wie aan die kultuur behoort en
wie nie, maak die bewerings wat oor lidmaatskap gemaak word dit moontlik
om die kommunikatiewe verhoudings binne die kultuur te onderskei van dié
buite die kultuur. Verder demonstreer ons dat, binne hierdie triviale grens, kulture `n eenheid van konflik ten toon kan stel wat soortgelyk aan die
eenheid van konflik by persoonlike outonomie is. Ons wys hoe `n kultuur, deur
sy instellings, en vernaam deur `n geïnstitusionaliseerde uitgangsmoontlikheid
(‘exit possibility’) 1) self-referensie ten toon kan stel en 2) in verhouding met `n
bron van gesag kan staan soos `n persoon wanneer s/hy self-referensiële
besluite maak. In dié verband voer ons aan dat geïnstitusionaliseerde
uitgangsmoontlikhede die beliggaming is van die nakoming van die
konsensus vs. mag-kriterium, waarvolgens die dominante weergawe van `n
kultuur bereik word deur konsensus, teenoor deur die uitoefen van mag.
Verder voer ons aan dat `n sterk analogie tussen kulture en persone se
deliniëring dit moontlik maak om begrippe soos regverdigheid, binding en
lewensvatbaarheid, wat gewoonlik op persone toegepas word, op kulture toe
te pas. Die toepassing van hierdie begrippe verbeter ons begrip van sekere
huidige multikulturele kwessies en lei ook tot die ontwikkeling van `n
besluitnemingsproses vir multikulturele kwessies.
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Johnson, Devon Ralston. "A Philosophical Analysis of Nihilism and Antiblack Racism." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/242733.
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Philosophy<br>Ph.D.<br>This dissertation offers a philosophical analysis of nihilism and antiblack racism. I argue that nihilism, the phenomenon espoused by Friedrich Nietzsche, is an implicit feature of antiblack racism. As a result of the implicit nihilism involved in antiblack racism, black existential life occupies a black nihilistic situation. In response to the black nihilistic situation, one can respond either weakly, as I argue is the case with Cornel West and Derrick Bell, or strongly, as I argue is the case with Frantz Fanon. I conclude that strong black nihilism is a healthy response to nihilism and antiblack racism because it is a trans-valuation of traditional forms of antiblack racist valuing, which exemplifies a commitment to the language and action of constructing non-decadent human worlds premised upon the existential freedom and responsibility of all human beings.<br>Temple University--Theses
22
Koopman, Constantijn. "Keynotes in music education : a philosophical analysis... : proefschrift... /." Nijmegen : Universiteit, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36967755w.
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May, Ka-wing Kevin. "The human right to welfare : a philosophical analysis /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13671479.
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Lam, Man-on. "Exploitation and luck in capitalism : a philosophical analysis /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18611904.
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Bloodworth, Andrew J. "Exercise, health and well-being : a philosophical analysis." Thesis, Swansea University, 2007. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42677.
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It is commonly thought that exercise improves both our health and well-being. Indeed, prominent psychological researchers argue that exercise which makes us feel good necessarily enhances well-being. Their research employs a subjective conception of well-being, understood in terms of life-satisfaction and affect. Conversely, I argue that pleasure, enjoyment and desire-fulfilment do not necessarily enhance well-being. Subjective judgements of well-being can be mistaken. Exercise is of merely instrumental value in preserving functionings and capabilities that constitute well-being. This understanding of well-being draws extensively upon Nussbaum's capabilities approach. The biomedical case for the health benefits of exercise excludes subjective valuing, presupposing a dichotomy between objective scientific fact and subjective value. Health is understood in naturalistic terms, focusing upon the absence of disease and illness. In contrast, I argue health cannot be isolated from those functionings and capabilities constitutive of well-being which entangle fact and value. To be healthy is to be in a bodily and mental state that ensures the capability to function in valuable ways. Rejecting the fact/value dichotomy paves the way for reflection upon those values central to well-being. I argue for an objective list theory of well-being, in which listed constituents, such as affiliation and play, are considered valuable independent of possibly flawed subjective valuations. The human body, however, is not merely a vessel for listed values. Griffin elevates our rational nature over our animality in proposing his theory of well-being. His theory appears distant from some of our most central concerns as embodied human beings. Ageing, disease and illness mark some of the ways in which our bodies limit our capabilities. The capabilities and functionings proposed in Nussbaum's approach reflect both our animal and rational nature. In conclusion, I argue that exercise offers one important way in which to preserve the physical preconditions of these valuable functionings and capabilities.
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Gleiberman, Jack Rhein. "Believing Fictions: A Philosophical Analysis of Fictional Engagement." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2243.
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Works of fiction do things to us, and we do things because of works of fiction. When reading Hamlet, I mentally represent certain propositions about its characters and events, I want the story and its characters to go a certain way, and I emotionally respond to its goings-on. I might deem Hamlet a coward, I might wish that Hamlet stabbed Claudius when he had the chance, and I might feel sorrow at Ophelia’s senseless suicide. These fiction-directed mental states seem to resemble the propositional attitudes of belief, desire, and emotion, respectively — the everyday attitudes that represent and orient us toward the world. These mental states constitute our engagement with fiction, and the way in which they hang together is central to understanding our engagement with fiction. In that aim, this thesis hopes to provide an analysis of our belief-like attitudes about works of fiction. I argue that a folk psychological theory of fictional engagement should call upon belief, not imagination, to serve as the primary cognitive attitude with which we engage fictions.
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Miller, Malcolm Neal. "An analysis of educational documents : two philosophical models of analysis considered." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319607.
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Urgen, Burcu Aysen. "A Philosophical Analysis Of Computational Modeling In Cognitive Science." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608832/index.pdf.
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This study analyses the methodology of computational cognitive modeling as one of the ways of conducting research in cognitive science. The aim of the study is to provide an understanding of the place of computational cognitive models in understanding human cognition. Considering the vast number of computational cognitive models which have been just given to account for some cognitive phenomenon by solely simulating some experimental study and fitting to empirical data, a practice-oriented approach is adopted in this study to understand the work of the modeler, and accordingly to discover the potential of computational cognitive models, apart from their being simulation tools. In pursuit of this aim, a framework with a practice-oriented approach from the philosophy of science literature, which is Morgan &<br>Morrison (1999)&rsquo<br>s account, is employed on a case study. The framework emphasizes four key elements to understand the place of models in science, which are the construction of models, the function of models, the representation they provide, and the ways we learn from models. The case study
Q-Soar (Simon, Newell &<br>Klahr, 1991), is a model built with Soar cognitive architecture (Laird, Newell &<br>Rosenbloom, 1987) which is representative of a class of computational cognitive models. Discussions are included for how to make generalizations for computational cognitive models out of this class, i.e. for models that are built with other modeling paradigms.
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Sheridan, Heather P. "Normative authority in elite male tennis : a philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2002. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/5935/.
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Tennis, like any other practice, undergoes challenges and revisions to its nature. A number of technical and technological innovations have recently been implemented and/or suggested by a variety of interested parties including the introduction of shorter sets and tie-breaker sets, and a revised tennis seeding structure. These innovations, if adopted, will represent a new instantiation of the game. Thus, determining how decisions concerning the future development of the game ought to be made and who ought to make those decisions is of great importance in terms of how fair the decision-making process is and whether the decisions are good for the game itself. In response to these problems we develop a normative account of "fair play" from Macintyre's (1985) nee-Aristotelian position, emphasising the importance of the internal goods, practices, and traditions of tennis, and that decisions ought to be made by those who have relevant experience or knowledge of the practice of elite male tennis. This account, however, fails to provide a decision-making method and is vulnerable to the criticism that it is inherently conservative. We consider three theses that might fill this lacunae and from which a rational decision-making method to evaluate technical and technological innovations in elite male tennis could be developed. First, we consider Rawls's (1971) method of "reflective equilibrium" which allows us to clarify issues, and is both systematic and democratic, but it is too far removed from actual sporting practices, their ethos, histories and traditions to have any normative force. Secondly, we consider Rawls's (1987) "overlapping consensus" model which is conscious of the political situatedness of decision-making but it is inadequate since the consensuses which it reaches might be based on criteria external to the norms of sporting practices. In order to ensure that the consensus reached is based on a critical consensus of the internal norms of sporting practices, we consider Walzer's (1983) thesis that cultural spheres have internal norms which must be respected and which are the basis for normative judgements about justice or goodness within that practice. This thesis is sympathetic to, yet critical of, the internal goods, practice, and traditions of elite male tennis, and that decisions ought to be made by those who have experience or knowledge of the practice of elite male tennis. We conclude the thesis by presenting a tradition-practice bound decision-making model that can be used to evaluate technical and technological innovations in elite male tennis which is transparent, democratic, and respectful of the traditions and internal norms of tennis.
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Warburton, Nigel William Reginald. "Mirror with a memory? : a philosophical analysis of photographic representation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250960.
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Crilly, David R. "Philosophical considerations of music analysis : positivism in twentieth-century musicology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339085.
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Kanning, Michael A. "A Philosophical Analysis of Intellectual Property: In Defense of Instrumentalism." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4094.
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This thesis argues in favor of an instrumental approach to Intellectual Property (IP). I begin by reviewing justifications for IP that have been offered in recent literature, including Lockean labor theory, Hegelian personality theory, Kantian property theory and utilitarianism. Upon a close and careful analysis, I argue that none of these justifications suffice to ground contemporary IP practice. I review some recent works that offer `pluralist' justifications for IP, which draw from multiple theories in order to account for the diverse field of IP-related laws and practices in existence. I argue that these pluralist theories are also insufficient, because there is no principled reason why one theory is adopted over another in any particular case. In conclusion, I show that an instrumentalist attitude can best explain and justify IP laws and practices.
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Harrison, Simon Ross. "Conceptions of 'unity' in recent ecumenical discussion : a philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286590.
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Perona, Beatriz Eugenia. "Conceptualising complexity in economic analysis : a philosophical, including ontological, study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615966.
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Moffatt, Andrew Lawrence. "Application of feminist principles to art education: a philosophical analysis." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407405280.
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Smith, Barbara S. "Democracy in education : a philosophical analysis and ethnographic case study /." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102007-142520/.
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Bailey, Steven Charles. "An analysis of individual philosophical foundations and pedagogical teaching behaviors." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/800.
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Roy, Nirmal Kumar. "The Concept of Tarka and its role in philosophical analysis." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/107.
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Huang, Yuanfan. "Conceptual tuning : a philosophical method." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN100/document.
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Chaque activité humaine nécessite d’avoir sa propre méthode pour obtenir un résultat concret et satisfaisant. C’est ainsi le cas pour la philosophie, une discipline qui compte 2500 d’histoire et dont la méthode est alors délimitée par les philosophes et les autres personnes. Quelle est donc cette méthode philosophique? Il existe plusieurs réponses. Cette thèse va donc tenter de répondre à cette question en introduisant un projet de méthode philosophique dénommée « Conceptual Tuning » [l’accord conceptuel]. Les boxeurs ne se préoccupent généralement pas de la question conceptuelle « Qu’est-ce que la boxe? ». De même les biologistes se posent à peine la question de savoir « Qu’est-ce que la biologie ». Pour eux, ce genre de questions sont extérieures à leur discipline. Cependant pour la philosophie, la question de la nature de la philosophie est une question bien interne à cette discipline. La conscience de soi est une condition sine quo non pour « faire de la philosophie ».Puisque la philosophie possède une si longue histoire et tant de traditions diverses et variées, on présuppose donc qu’il existe de très nombreuses méthodes pour « faire de la philosophie ». Ma thèse tentera donc de contribuer à cette discussion portant sur la méthodologie philosophique en proposant une méthode que j’appellerai « Conceptual Tuning ». Cet accord conceptuel sera principalement développé à partir de la méthode « Conceptual Engineering » déjà utilisée dans la philosophie depuis, dont les défenseurs s’efforcent d’améliorer nos concepts tels que « personne », « libéral », « science ». Cette thèse présentera ainsi six versions de « Conceptual Engineering », à savoir le « Conceptual Engineering » de Cappelen, la Méthode d’Explication de Carnap, le Révisionnisme Moral de Zagzebski, la Guerre Lexique de Ludlow, la Négociation Métalinguistique de Plunkett et l’Approche d’Amélioration de Haslanger. Ces six approches estiment déjà que nos concepts pourraient être défectueux, et c’est la tâche du philosophe de les « réparer ». Alors que la plupart des approches de « Conceptual Engineering » ne font que se concentrer étroitement sur la perspective de « réparation », cette thèse soutiendra que l’accord conceptuel exige que l’attention soit plutôt portée sur une perspective « expressive ». En d’autres termes, il faudrait employer cette méthode dans un cadre général de la pratique consistant à demander et à donner des raisons. Cette thèse soutiendra également que d’autres méthodes philosophiques importantes telles que la méthode de Brandomian, la philosophie du langage ordinaire et l’analyse conceptuelle traditionnelle peuvent être bien incorporées dans le projet d’accord conceptuel. Ainsi, au lieu d’être en opposition, ces méthodes sont en fait conformes à l’accord conceptuel ces méthodes s’intègrent parfaitement à l’accord conceptuel<br>Different human practices require various methods to carry them out successfully. Philosophy, an activity with 2500 years of history, must also have its own method, which demarcates a philosopher from a lay person. This thesis embarks on a project of philosophical method—conceptual tuning. How to do philosophy belongs to the category of metaphilosophy or philosophy of philosophy. Boxers usually do not care about the conceptual question ‘What is boxing?’ and biologists barely ask ‘What is Biology?’. For them, this kind of question is a higher order question which concerns the nature of the thing in itself. It is an external question for most disciplines. But for philosophy, the question concerning the nature of philosophy is an internal question. Self-awareness is a sine qua non of doing philosophy.With such a long history and so many traditions, the method of doing philosophy must be miscellaneous. My thesis attempts to contribute to the discussion of philosophical methodology by proposing a method I shall call conceptual tuning. Conceptual tuning is grounded in the philosophical method of conceptual engineering, advocates of which endeavor to improve our concepts. According to the method of conceptual engineering, philosophical problems stem from defects in our understanding of concepts, and it is the philosopher’s task to fix them. While most conceptual engineering approaches only narrowly focus on the perspective of ‘repairing’ or ‘fixing’, conceptual tuning calls for attention to the ‘expressive’ perspective. In other words, we should put this method in the broad framework of the practice of asking for and giving reasons. In this thesis, I also attempt to explain some previous conceptual methods under the title of conceptual tuning, such as Brandomian method, ordinary language philosophy, and the traditional conceptual analyses
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Cameron, Jonathan. "Some philosophical refections on the "essentialist" v/s "constructivist" debate as it stands to the philosophical analysis of mystical experience." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165861.
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‘Essentialism’ and ‘constructivism’ are two epistemological perspectives that have been used in the philosophical analysis of mystical experience. ‘Essentialism’ attempts to establish mystical experience as a distinct category of experience, cutting across cultural boundaries. ‘Constructivism’ attempts to establish mystical experience as unique to its various cultural contexts. The two viewpoints are variously held in opposition. ‘Constructivism’ often appears as something of an assumed perspective and is rarely, if ever, defended (in any depth) by the individuals whose views it apparently represents. Recent ‘essentialist’ thinkers (‘non-constructivists’) have taken issue with this tendency to assume ‘what is to be proved’, and have reasoned in attempts to establish ‘constructivisim’ as inappropriate to certain experiences that appear to be found recurring in reports of mystical experiences across cultures. However, those analyses have been concerned to recommend their own (‘essentialist’ / ‘non-constructivist’) position and have, therefore, operated with a certain amount of bias, despite elements of commendable intent. Indeed it is in virtue of these commendable elements i.e. by exploring the epistemological assumptions of authors who attempt to make mystical experience culture specific, that ‘essentialists’ posit and provide justification for the classification of ‘constructivism’ as a distinct philosophical approach to the data of enquiry. ‘Constructivists’ (so-called), on the other hand, tend to emphasise the importance and role of context in their discussions, and in some cases reject the classification of their views as particularly ‘constructivist’. The thesis examines the reasonable defensibility of ‘nonconstructed’ mystical experience from three perspectives: ‘essentialist’, ‘constructivist’ and ‘contextualist’ – outlining considerations for anyone approaching the material via each, and addressing the relevant issues of diversity at tension between these recognisable philosophical viewpoints.
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Kenyon, Gary M. "A philosophical analysis of scientific meanings of aging in psychosocial gerontology." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25814.
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This dissertation is concerned with the problem of scientific assumptions as it relates to research in gerontology. There are three major areas emphasized in the thesis. First, there is a consideration of the epistemological conditions that give rise to the problem of assumptions and meanings in science. Secondly, a number of different ways of addressing this issue are discussed and an alternative Hermeneutic approach is explicated. This approach constitutes a particular kind of philosophical analysis and is suggested by the insights of Hans Gadamer. Finally, on the basis of the Hermeneutic approach, two major characterizations of research on adult and gerontological intellectual and social competence are identified, namely, a restricted and an expanded picture. In addition, these two characterizations are further clarified by means of a discussion of the contrasting ontological orientations that are presupposed in the restricted and correspondingly, in the expanded picture.
The overall purpose of the thesis is to show that a particular kind of philosophical inquiry assists in the integration of disparate forms of research in psychosocial gerontology. In addition, this procedure provides conceptual support for a different understanding of various phenomena associated with human aging that is emerging in the field, namely, the expanded picture.<br>Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies<br>Graduate
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Stein, Madeline. "A Philosophical Analysis of California Determinate Sentencing, Three Strikes, and Realignment." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1110.
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This thesis explores the relationship between philosophy and policy in the context of three California policies, Determinate Sentencing, Three Strikes, and Realignment. The philosophy portion includes theories of retribution, deterrence, and rehabilitation, focusing on the tensions and conflicts within them.
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Lai, Cheuk-bun, and 賴卓彬. "Are human rights possible in the Confucian 'Nowheresville'?: a philosophical analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29636000.
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明奇英 and Kee-ying Thomas Ming. "An analysis of the filmic: a philosophical grounding for film aesthetics." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31212578.
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OLIVEIRA, CICERO JOSINALDO DA SILVA. "UNCONTROLLED RISK IN MODERNITY: AN ANALYSIS FROM SOCIOLOGICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24284@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>A importância que o domínio econômico adquire na modernidade foi
particularmente registrada na vocação eminentemente econômica que a política,
orientada pela proteção do social, adquire desde então. Ao inaugurar uma política
de agenda econômica a modernidade confiou à esfera pública, como também à
vida de trabalho, o exercício do controle planejado das condições de vida. Mas a
emergência de um sistema econômico flexível que se estende segundo uma
desregulamentação sistemática da política e do mercado de trabalho, deflagra um
descontrole sem precedentes que satura de riscos os assuntos e o destino humanos.
Seguindo as indicações das sociologias de Marx Weber, Richard Sennett,
Zygmunt Bauman, Ulrich Beck e Antony Giddens, no primeiro momento o
presente estudo analisa as investidas com que o sistema flexível funda a ordem
do descontrole, para daí explorar na filosofia de Hannah Arendt a pertinência do
diagnóstico que reconhece na modernidade a liberação do processo vital no
mundo, como algo que de forma inequívoca se expressa na irrefreável economia
de consumo.<br>From the beginning of Modernity it is highlighted the importance of the
economic domain over the social and general policies. Starting up such an agenda,
the modern times subjugated life conditions and the planning of everyday events –
to the public sphere, as well as to the working relations. But in the emergence of a
flexible economic system (i.e. the systematic deregulation of the politics and the
labor market) humanity is quite prey of the absence of rules to shade it from being
spoiled by a market orientated policy only. Taking the sociological perspectives of
Max Weber, Richard Sennett, Zygmunt Bauman, Ulrich Beck and Antony
Giddens, this thesis undertakes an analysis on that uncontrolled order produced
by the flexible system. Hence, the philosophical perspective of Hannah Arendt is
taken to help the achievement of a possible diagnosis, considering it a nowadays
human problem. To Arendt, Modernity may be understood as the liberation to the
vital process in the world – even in an unstoppable economy consumption order.
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Paredes, Aline Aurora Maya. "The nature of delusion : an analysis of the contemporary philosophical debates." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20733/.
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The present thesis surveys different philosophical approaches to the nature of delusions: specifically, their ontology. However, since none of the various theories of the nature of delusions succeeds, I argue that there must be something problematic about the form of the analyses commonly offered. My general conclusion is that one cannot characterize delusions without taking away what it is distinctive about them.
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Ming, Kee-ying Thomas. "An analysis of the filmic : a philosophical grounding for film aesthetics /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B15949941.
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Fisher, Justin. "Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195796.
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Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis is a proposed methodology for attributing correct application conditions, or 'meanings', to concepts. This methodology involves two stages: first, we seek an empirical understanding of the ways in which usage of a given concept has regularly delivered benefits, and, second, we seek an explication of that concept which is optimally capable of delivering benefits in these ways. Such an explication captures the 'pragmatic meaning' of a given concept. Chapters 1-3 articulate Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis and the notion of pragmatic meaning, and show how these are related to other philosophical methodologies and accounts of concept-meaning.Chapter 4 uses a 'bootstrapping argument' to establish that Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis has two important virtues. The first phase of this argument establishes that Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis has normative authority - it reveals explications that we have practical and epistemic reason to adopt, whether we take these explications to be semantically revisionary or not. This normative authority licenses using Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis, in the second phase, to explicate our shared concept of concept-meaning. This yields the conclusion that we have epistemic reason to adopt the notion of pragmatic meaning as our explication of 'concept-meaning'. Having explicated our concept in this way, we see that Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis also has descriptive authority - it is a semantically conservative tool that reveals concept-meaning, thus explicated.The initial presentation of the bootstrapping argument considers only one sort of work that our concept of concept-meaning does - helping to guide our application of other concepts. But this concept also regularly delivers benefits in a second way - by helping us to give good explanations for the behavior and behavioral success of various concept-users. Chapter 5 uses the normative authority of Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis to justify a particular account of how good explanations work. Chapter 6 draws upon this account to argue that, in order best to explain people's behavioral successes, we need an explication of concept-meaning that is closely related to the one presented in Chapter 4.Chapter 7 considers several objections and hard cases, and argues that Pragmatic Conceptual Analysis weathers these storms in good shape.
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Fuentes, Graciela. "Institutional responses to hate speech on campus under philosophical and constitutional analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0014/NQ28340.pdf.
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Chapman, Daniel E. "A visual and textual analysis of transnational identity formation and representation." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/Chapman/Chapman.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.<br>Directed by Leila E. Villaverde; submitted to the School of Education. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 18, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 197-203).