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1
Prokopovych, Lada. "Reflecting the theatralization of life in the prospects of transhumanism." EUREKA: Social and Humanities, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 3–8. https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.001972.
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The crisis state of society at the beginning of the 21st century is increasingly described as chaos. At the same time, the desire of people to theatricalization of many types of their activities remains unchanged. This gives grounds to consider the theatricality of being as a sociocultural constant, immanently inherent in humanity. The fact that it persists even during periods of cardinal changes, social transformations, civilizational shifts, breaking cultural stereotypes, destruction of traditional institutions and discreditation of established ideals can be explained by the fact that theatricalization of life allows people to cope with sociopsychological discomfort and existential fears, caused by the feeling of total chaos. At the same time, people are faced with the problem of increasingly complex self-identification, which is largely facilitated by the ideas of transhumanism, which actively shatter the already weak notions of what a human being is. One of the approaches to solving this scientific problem is proposed to consider human activity in the context of theatricality of being. The purpose of the article is to comprehend the practice of theatricalization of various types of human activity in the context of the ideas of transhumanism. The methodological strategy of this research is based on the concept of theatricality of socio-communicative manifestations of culture. Analysis of the theoretical material showed that in the conditions of transhumanism, the development of criteria that make it possible to determine whether a human is still a human or has already turned into something else becomes an urgent task. One of these markers is proposed to consider the desire of a human to theatricalization of various types of their activities. Being one of the sociocultural constants immanently inherent in humanity, theatricality will be present in people's lives as long as they remain human, as long as they feel the need to articulate their social communication.
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Batalova, D. A., and S. V. Sapozhkov. "Some of the philosophical sources of N. Minsky’s “meonism” (treatise With the Light of Conscience: thoughts and dreams about the purpose of life)." Science and School, no. 5, 2019 (2019): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/1819-463x-2019-5-20-33.
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The article analyzes some sources of the philosophical concept of the founder of the religious and philosophical course of domestic symbolism – Nikolai M. Minsky (1855/1856–1937), author of the famous treatise „With the light of conscience: thoughts and dreams about the purpose of life” (1890). „Meonism” – so the author himself called his philosophical system, referring this name to Plato as one of the most important sources of his ontology. The problem of the philosophical genesis of „meonism” remained relevant at all stages of the study and comments on „With the light of conscience”. However, so far, the attention of reviewers and commentators has been focused mainly on representatives of European philosophy, A. Schopenhauer and I. Kant, but Plato and other antique philosophers, despite the direct indication of the author of the treatise, remained unstudied. The article fills this gap by introducing into the circle the philosophical sources of the treatise of the Minsky concepts of Plato and Plotin as the most representative for understanding the antique genesis of „meonism”. The article compares the interpretation of Minsky and ancient philosophers of such central categories as „meon”, “single”, „nothingness”, “anamnesis”, etc. Turning to the circle of European philosophy, the authors of the article, as a topical source of „meonism,” highlight a number of maxim philosophical teachings of F. Nietzsche as a figure who in many ways defined the vector of developing philosophy in Russia at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries. In particular, there is a transformation in the philosophical thinking of Minsky of such category as „love for fate” („amor fati”), which in many ways defined the moral pathos „With the light of conscience”, the ideal of selfless attitude to sufferings and death.
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Arruzza, Cinzia. "‘Un paradigma in cielo’. Platone politico da Aristotele al Novecento, Mario Vegetti, Rome: Carocci, 2009." Historical Materialism 21, no. 1 (2013): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341269.
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Abstract Vegetti’s book tries to decipher and recast the complex history of the interpretation of the political Plato in a compelling historical and philosophical analysis. This review article presents an intellectual profile of Mario Vegetti and a critical engagement with his historical and politico-philosophical approach. It concludes with the suggestion that we should investigate the vicious circle of philosophy and politics in Plato’s Republic in light of Marx’s Theses on Feuerbach.
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Navarra, Giulio. "Contextualizing Astrology in the Islamic Tradition: Philosophical Foundations and Celestial Influences." Mediterranea, International Journal on the Transfer of Knowledge 10 (April 30, 2025): 87–122. https://doi.org/10.21071/mijtk.v10i.17850.
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This paper examines the theoretical foundations of astrology within the Islamic intellectual tradition, with a particular focus on the adaptation and transformation of Aristotelian cosmology through key texts and figures. It analyzes the Ghāyat al-Ḥakīm (Picatrix) and Fī l-tadbīrāt al-falakiyyah, attributed to Alexander of Aphrodisias and adapted by the circle of al-Kindī, tracing their role in the conceptual development of astrology as a science. The study investigates how al-Kindī, his intellectual circle, and Abū Maʿshar al-Balkhī contributed to the integration of astrology within a broader philosophical and theological framework, emphasizing the cosmological and providential roles of the heavenly bodies. By contextualizing the influence of Baghdad as a centre of translation and synthesis, the paper highlights the gradual development of astrological thought that later found resonance in 10th-century al-Andalus. The analysis revisits the notion of the ‘astrologization of the Aristotelian cosmos’ and examines the relationship between astrology, providence, and human free will, offering new insights into the ways medieval Islamic scholars reconciled celestial influence with metaphysical doctrines. Ultimately, this paper situates astrology within the broader trajectory of medieval Islamic philosophy, shedding light on its epistemological and practical dimensions.
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Huang, Shih Miao, and Jui Chang Lin. "Effects of Light Wavelengths on the Performance of Color Absolute Judgments." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.942.
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Optically, humans can discriminate between colors as close as 2nm in wavelength in relative judgment task. However, there is little research to discuss color differences for absolute color judgments in which the comparison is held in memory. Therefore, the intent of this study was to explore effects of wavelengths on the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) of absolute judgments in our perceptual world. A color identification task was utilized to investigate the JND of wavelengths. In the experiment, the Standard Stimulus Color (SSC) and the Comparison Stimulus Color (CSC) were successively presented. The SSC which was presented first must be stored in working memory and recalled when the second color, CSC, is presented. Subjects had to decide if the CSC matched the SSC. Each CSC was presented four times for each subject in the experiment. The CSC wavelength that was recognized as different from the SSC twice was designed as a JND wavelength. Five SSC wavelengths with 100% saturation and 100% lightness were chosen from the hue circle of HLS color space which included 360 hues. Because the hue circle is a circle, the CSC may be on both sides of a SSC in the hue circle. The CSC hue which may be located on the clockwise direction or counter clockwise direction of the SSC was called clockwise direction color (CD) or counter clockwise direction color (CCD), respectively. The wavelengths expressed with HLS color space were translated into coordination of CIE1931 (x, y)-chromaticity diagram. The results indicated that threshold sensitivities varied for different wavelengths on absolute judgment tasks. The lights with longest or shortest wavelength had greater JNDs than ones with middle wavelengths for absolute judgment tasks. The comparison of the results of the experiment on absolute color judgment tasks and MacAdam’s (1942) findings for relative color judgment tasks were also discussed.
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Boeker, Ruth. "Francis Hutcheson on Liberty." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 88 (October 2020): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246120000120.
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AbstractThis paper aims to reconstruct Francis Hutcheson's thinking about liberty. Since he does not offer a detailed treatment of philosophical questions concerning liberty in his mature philosophical writings I turn to a textbook on metaphysics. We can assume that he prepared the textbook during the 1720s in Dublin. This textbook deserves more attention. First, it sheds light on Hutcheson's role as a teacher in Ireland and Scotland. Second, Hutcheson's contributions to metaphysical disputes are more original than sometimes assumed. To appreciate his independent thinking, I argue, it is helpful to take the intellectual debates in Ireland into consideration, including William King's defence of free will and discussions of Shaftesbury's views in Robert Molesworth's intellectual circle. Rather than taking a stance on the philosophical disputes about liberty, I argue that Hutcheson aims to shift the focus of the debates towards practical questions concerning control of desire, cultivation of habits, and character development.
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Santana, Wellington José. "IS LOVE A GIFT? A PHILOSOPHICAL INQUIRY ABOUT GIVENNESS." Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 57, no. 134 (2016): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2016n13404wjs.
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ABSTRACT The contemporary philosophical debate about "gift" brought into light above all by French philosophers Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Marion, brought about new and live discussions regarding what gift is and what is its nature. The present article analyses whether or not love can be regarded as a gift or, rather, follow the same problem showed by Derrida. According to him, every gift carries an internal contradiction and can never be and, therefore, will never be gift. A gift is impossible. What is as gift to people (someone freely gives something to someone), is, actually a commodity, an economical circle for Derrida. This article seeks to inquire whether can or cannot love follow the same gift pattern or if it, rather, builds his own path and follows its own internal logic. Is it possible to analyze love following on the footsteps of phenomenology? If love can be analyzed in a phenomenological fashion - reduction of love - then a new horizon will be opened.
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Rogozhnikova, Varvara. "Labor Philosophy: In Search of Freedom and Meaning." Scientific Research of Faculty of Economics. Electronic Journal 9, no. 4 (2017): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/2078-3809-2017-9-4-79-90.
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The philosophy of work is the cross-disciplinary direction investigating various aspects of work. Among the most interesting philosophical problems of work it should be noted, for example, a problem of interrelation between work and freedom, a problem of sense of work, a problem of relationship between people within the labor process, a problem of the organization of work, at last, a problem of correlation between technics, technology and work. It is possible to tell with confidence that it is the eternal philosophical problems connected with work. Concrete formulations and the solution of these problems historically changed. In this work we light only the current state of some philosophical problems of work. This purpose defines also a circle of the tasks solved by us: first, to give definition to the concept "work", secondly, to designate a historical framework and to formulate the main problems in the field of work philosophy; thirdly, to give a short idea of the current state of statement and solution of some problems of philosophy of work.
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Maltseva, G. Yu. "Linguistic and Creative Aspects of Representation of the Macroconcept of Life in the Wordplay Poetics of the Story “The Circle” by V.V. Nabokov." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 162, no. 5 (2020): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2020.5.72-88.
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This paper is based on a detailed analysis of the representation of the concept of circle as a component of the macroconcept of life in the poetic wordplay of the story “The Circle” (‘Krug’) by V.V. Nabokov. In the light of the theory of wordplay poetics, the following non-standard ways of representing the macroconcept of life were revealed: the absence of the concept nominee in the studied direction of association; the involvement of etymological data of the key representative and semantically related associates. The method of N.S. Bolotnova’s associative layer analysis was used to identify implicit meanings and to reveal key elements that can be helpful in decoding the wordplay of the text. It was found that the core of the macroconcept of life is based on the conceptual metaphor “life – circle”, which is characteristic of the Russian linguistic view of the world. The areas of association were singled out by the method of association analysis of the concept and divided into separate blocks, each representing one of the semes (elements of the meaning of the concept of circle) in the story “The Circle” and connected with implicit associations. Taken together, they provide V.V. Nabokov’s complete individual view of the macroconcept of life. The obtained results demonstrate the idiosyncratic character of V.V. Nabokov’s prose. By means of the wordplay poetics of the story “The Circle”, the concept of life reflects the individual view of the world by V.V. Nabokov, and the axiological layer of the concept translates the author’s philosophical views on life.
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Voloshinov, Alexander V. "The Old Testament Trinity of Andrey Rublyov: Geometry and Philosophy." Leonardo 32, no. 2 (1999): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002409499553082.
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The philosophical and theological content of a masterpiece of Old Russian icon-painting—Andrey Rublyov's Trinity is regarded in the light of its geometry. The aspects under study are the geometrical properties of the rectangle of the Trinity (which generate a sequence of circumferences related by the golden proportion) and also some of the peculiarities in the composition of the icon. The roles of the circle, the octagon and inverse perspective in the Trinity are discussed. The author establishes correspondence between the theological triad Revelation—Illumination Transformation, which makes up the fundamental content of the Trinity, and the mirror and dynamic symmetries of the icon.
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Bogusław, Żyłko. "Michaił Bachtin wobec duchowości religijnej." "Karto-Teka Gdańska" 1(6)/2020 (June 30, 2020): 59–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5528511.
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<strong>Mikhail Bakhtin’s attitude towards religious spirituality</strong> The article shows the significance of religion in Mikhail Bakhtin’s life and his scientific and philosophical creativity. The article throws light on historical and political context Bakhtin’s and his Circle activity. It underlines the role of religious ideas in Bakhtin’s texts in the field of philosophy and theory of literature. Artykuł ukazuje znaczenie religii w życiu Michaiła Bachtina i w jego twórczości naukowo-filozoficznej. Rzuca światło na kontekst historyczny i społeczno-polityczny działalności Bachtina i jego kółka. Podkreśla rolę idei religijnych w tekstach filozoficznych i teoretycznoliterackich Bachtina.
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AL-Forati, Israa, and Abdulmuttalib Rashid. "Practical Implementation of an Indoor Robot Localization and Identification System using an Array of Anchor Nodes." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 16, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.16.1.2.
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This paper proposes a low-cost Light Emitting Diodes (LED) system with a novel arrangement that allows an indoor multi-robot localization. The proposed system uses only a matrix of low-cost LED installed uniformly on the ground of an environment and low-cost Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), each equipped on bottom of the robot for detection. The matrix of LEDs which are driven by a modified binary search algorithm are used as active beacons. The robot localizes itself based on the signals it receives from a group of neighbor LEDs. The minimum bounded circle algorithm is used to draw a virtual circle from the information collected from the neighbor LEDs and the center of this circle represents the robot’s location. The propose system is practically implemented on an environment with (16*16) matrix of LEDs. The experimental results show good performance in the localization process.
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Backhaus, Wilfried K. "Hume and the Politics of Reason." Dialogue 31, no. 1 (1992): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300048460.
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John W. Danfor's position in David Hume and the Problem of Reason is refreshing and insightful but may be disturbing to those holding a more traditional view of Hume. The approach taken is highly accessible to those outside of the narrower circle of Humean scholarship; as well it is challenging to those who specialize in Hume's philosophy. I find that I am in general agreement with the overall thrust of Danford's work, which puts Hume's epistemological interests in the context of his political and ethical ones. Hume is cast in a conservative light, as reviving ancient philosophical attitudes to counter the brashness and thoughtlessness of the modern revolutionary thought of Descartes and Hobbes and the traditions following them.
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Viracheva, V. A. "Images of the Past in the Light of the Stuart Hall's Model of Culture (Cultural Studies Research Tradition)." Pushkin Leningrad State University Journal 1 (2024): 140–57. https://doi.org/10.35231/18186653_2024_1_140.
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Introduction. In the Cultural Studies research tradition, the main goal is the conceptualization of the mass consumption society culture. Within the framework of this tradition, for the analysis of cultural transformations, S. Hall and his colleagues developed the “circle of culture” model: five elements - representation, production, consumption, regulation, identity - make up the system and influence each other. The analysis of objects or phenomena existing in Russian culture within the framework of the research model “circle of culture” allows us to identify the possibilities of this methodological approach, to test its effectiveness in the conditions of Russian society. The article examines how images of the past were perceived by Russian society in various periods of its history. Content. Within the framework of the “circle of culture” model, cultural changes can be considered as a violation of the equilibrium state in the cultural system. In the process of articulating the elements of the “circle of culture”, the system again reaches equilibrium, but at the same time its constituent elements acquire new meanings. To understand the essence of cultural change, it is necessary to determine the reasons for changing the roles and meanings of cultural elements. The study presents a philosophical and cultural analysis of the images of pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary Russia that existed in the Soviet cultural environment of the 1920s and 1930s and are present in the public consciousness of modern Russia. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the “circle of culture” model in order to identify cultural changes in relation to these images occurring in Russian society. The objects of the study are analyzed each from the perspective of the five elements of the “circle of culture” model. Representation (images): how an object is perceived by society, what it is associated with in people's minds. Production: what means and methods are used to form the image of the object. Consumption: for what purpose the object is used. Regulation: how widespread is the image in the public consciousness. Identity: the connection of an object with belonging to a particular social group. Conclusions. Comparing the differences in the images of the past revealed that: 1) the image of the revolution has become neutral after 100 years, since the ideas that gave rise to it have lost their relevance; 2) the negative component has left the image of pre-revolutionary Russia, and the positive one has become predominant; such a change is due to a significant temporary distance from modernity, the appearance of a large amount of information positive about pre-revolutionary Russia, as well as increased attention to the idea of patriotism. This study showed that the use of the “circle of culture” model makes it possible to effectively identify cultural changes taking place in society, give a generalized assessment of them, as well as analyze changes in individual areas.
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Friedman-Biglin, Noah. "Regrounding the Unworldly: Carnap’s Politically Engaged Logical Pluralism." Philosophies 9, no. 4 (2024): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies9040110.
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Recent discussions of logical pluralism trace its origins to Rudolf Carnap’s principle of tolerance; indeed, the principle is seen as one of Carnap’s lasting philosophical contributions. In this paper, I will argue that Carnap’s reasons for adopting this principle are not purely logical, but are rather founded in the Vienna Circle’s manifesto—a programmatic document that brings the Circle’s philosophical work together with a program of social change. Building on work by Uebel, Romizi, and others, I argue that we must understand the principle in light of Carnap’s role in writing the manifesto, and thus as integrated into the larger philosophical and political goals of the Circle. This history illuminates the often-ignored relationship between Carnap’s logical pluralism and his political views. Finally, I turn to the political situation of the post-World War 2 period in the United States. During this time, the Circle’s emigres in the USA transitioned their work from active efforts to reform society to the technical work that we recognize as the foundation of American analytic philosophy today. In this final section, I argue that the reasons that Carnap distanced himself from the political foundations of his view were due in large part to McCarthy-era persecution of left-wing academics.
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Kucuk, Turgay. "The Positive Effect of the English Reading Circle Method on Students’ Reading Performance: Tishk University Case Study." Arab World English Journal 15, no. 1 (2024): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol15no1.14.
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This study aims to investigate how the reading circle, also known as the literature circle method, affects students’ reading performances and lessons. his study will be an example study in helping students who do not like reading gain a reading habit. In this study, a mixed research method was applied by collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. At the beginning of the study, control and experimental groups were created using the stratified sampling method, and a pre-test was applied by an expert staff to see the students’ reading performances at the beginning of the study. The reading circle method was followed in the experimental group, and the traditional text reading and answering method was followed in the control group. During this five-week study, weekly tests were applied to both groups, and their reading performances were monitored. At the end of the study, post-tests and semi-structured interviews were applied to the students. According to SPSS t-statistics analysis, a significant difference of .001 was observed between the reading performances of the experimental group and the control group. In addition, students’ positive feedback about the reading circle method was recorded from the interview analysis. As a result, this study revealed that the reading circle method made a positive contribution to students’ reading performance. This study will shed light on other studies on reading in Iraq.
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BILICHAK, Oksana, Nina OSMAK, Tetyana BYKOVA, and Natalia SHEVEL. "Intertextuality of Yevgen Pluzhnyk's Poetic Legacy." WISDOM 19, no. 3 (2021): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v19i3.505.
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For understanding Y. Pluzhnyk’s poetry in the context of modern discourse, it is valuable to study the content of his lyrics in light of intertextual connections, which are presented in the article at the formal and semantic levels. It was determined that different intertextual forms reveal a functional dependence on the purpose underlying their introduction into the text by Y. Pluzhnyk (the illustrative charge, contrast, thought reinforcement, delimiting observation, accumulation, etc.). The active use of various folkloric, mythological, artistic, and philosophical reminiscences transmits a distinctive repulsion from a known pattern for the sake of a new creative result. The presence of different intertextual types is a unique marker for the semantics embedded within Pluzhnyk’s text, which forms a circle that intertwines moods, worldview, and the author’s philosophy.
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Petrina, Alessandra. "LONDON, 1584: TRANSLATION AND CULTURAL POLITICS." Revista Ideação 1, no. 43 (2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/ideac.v1i43.7223.
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London, in the year 1584, was a crossroads of cultural exchange, philosophical elaboration, religious dissent. The present contribution focuses on this year considering the circulation of people – especially foreign intellectuals – and books: it looks at the cultural circle established in the household of the French ambassador, Michel de Castelnau; at works such as Giordano Bruno’s his Cena de le ceneri and John Florio’s First Fruites; at a cultural mediator, William Fowler, and at his translation of Machiavelli’s Prince. Through the investigation of the meetings and exchanges that took place in this pivotal year the present contribution attempts to shed light on the cultural dynamics, supported by book-buying, translation, quotation and allusion, that constitute such a fundamental element of the construction of Elizabethan culture.
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Davidoff, Jules, Debi Roberson, and Laura Shapiro. "Squaring the Circle: The Cultural Relativity of 'Good' Shape." Journal of Cognition and Culture 2, no. 1 (2002): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853702753693299.
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AbstractThe Gestalt theorists of the early twentieth century proposed a psychological primacy for circles, squares and triangles over other shapes. They described them as 'good' shapes and the Gestalt premise has been widely accepted. Rosch (1973), for example, suggested that shape categories formed around these 'natural' prototypes irrespective of the paucity of shape terms in a language. Rosch found that speakers of a language lacking terms for any geometric shape nevertheless learnt paired-associates to these 'good' shapes more easily than to asymmetric variants. We question these empirical data in the light of the accumulation of recent evidence in other perceptual domains that language affects categorization. A cross-cultural investigation sought to replicate Rosch's findings with the Himba of Northern Namibia who also have no terms in their language for the supposedly basic shapes of circle, square and triangle. A replication of Rosch (1973) found no advantage for these 'good' shapes in the organization of categories. It was concluded that there is no necessary salience for circles, squares and triangles. Indeed, we argue for the opposite because these shapes are rare in nature. The general absence of straight lines and symmetry in the perceptual environment should rather make circles, squares and triangles unusual and, therefore, less likely to be used as prototypes in categorization tasks. We place shape as one of the types of perceptual input (in philosophical terms, 'vague') that is readily susceptible to effects of language variation.
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Lazarevich, Anatoly A. "Philosophy in Belarus: Historical Specificity – Modern Trends – National Context." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 63, no. 10 (2020): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2020-63-10-7-24.
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The article considers the formation and development of philosophy in Belarus in the context of historical conditions and modern opportunities. Discussing the national context of the philosophical process, the author reveals the four aspects of the phenomenon of “national philosophy.” Firstly, there are national institutional and disciplinary structures, which are responsible for an organized scientific, methodological, research and educational activity, which at the level of the nation-state is formalized by certain institutions, system of professional education, norms of professional ethos, standards of behavior within the community and in the wider social environment. Secondly, in the light of philosophical culture, national philosophy is interpreted as a set of value and cognitive orientations passed down from generation to generation. Thirdly, national philosophy can be viewed in the aspect of the tradition of studying the philosophical thought of the nation in the context of its historical development. Fourthly, national philosophy appears in the aspect of the philosophical foundations of the national idea and national-cultural identity. The author examines the main stages of the development of the Belarusian philosophical culture, it is shown that the features of this culture were formed under the condition of a complex combination of the worldview and values of Latin civilization, Christianity, modern European science, rationalism of social projects of the Enlightenment, ideological and worldview attitudes of Western Russian culture, formalized Soviet philosophical disciplines. The article reviews the circle of theoretical, ideological, and practical problems that the modern philosophical process in Belarus faces, the author emphasizes the unfading value of philosophical knowledge as a source of heuristic means for finding effective local answers to global problems of cultural and civilizational development. The author argues that there are two conditions that make national philosophy possible: this is, first of all, a connection with the history of thought in the area of national genesis and also the expression of thought in a national language.
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Musiy, Valentina. "TO THE QUESTION OF THE “SUNNY” NATURE OF THE WORDVIEW OF HRYHORII SKOVORODA." Odessa National University Herald. Series: Philology 26, no. 1(23) (2022): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-8332.2021.1(23).251878.
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The article is devoted to revealing the meanings and place of the constant "light" in the works of Hryhorii Savych Skovoroda. The idea of its structural role in the picture of the world created in Skovoroda’s works is substantiated. In article the thesis about the viability, "sunshine" character of the worldview of such outstanding and original artist-philosopher as Skovoroda.. The object of analysis is the poems and philosophical treatise "Booklet called Silenus Alcibiadis” (1776). The author of the article bases on the ambiguity of the constant "light" and founds the following meanings: "day, daylight hours, greetings to all in nature, time of sunshine", “a sign of the circle of life that passes man ("golden age")”; "happiness that everyone dreams of". It is also the spiritual part of human because, Skovoroda identified the cognition of light with self-knowledge, which, in turn, was the guiding principle of his conception of man. After all, the image of the light and of the sun was a manifestation of the wisdom of God, a necessary component of the universe. Basing on the presence of the idea of light as a divine energ, which is spread throughout the earth, in the philosophical system of Hryhorii Skovoroda, the author of the article concludes that this poet and philosoph was close to the ideas of hesychasm. According to the concept of hesychasts, each person becomes God-like with the help of concentrating on his inner world, spiritual perfection. As a result of inner transforming such person becomes capable to influence the world and make it perfect according to the divine plan of the world order. The ideas of hesychasm influenced the Skovoroda’s concept of two worlds, which is developed in his treatise "Booklet called Silenus Alcibiadis”. In the article the ideas of treatise are correlated with mythological ideas about the opposition of the light to darkness, with mystical systems, with Greek philosophy, in particular Epicurus.
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Lavaert, Sonja. "Passive Tolerance versus Political Engagement. Antistius Constans, Koerbagh, Van den Enden, and Spinoza." Roczniki Filozoficzne 70, no. 4 (2022): 297–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rf2204.11.
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This article investigates the contribution of Spinoza and authors of his circle (Antistius Constans, Van den Enden and Koerbagh) on the modern conception of tolerance. In his Tractatus theologico-politicus (1670), Spinoza launches the libertas philosophandi-question integrating two kinds of freedom between which there is a tension: freedom of thought and speech and freedom of religious conscience. As freedom means living and acting in society in light of one’s own interests, tolerance becomes a political issue that depends from political perspectives and priorities. This insight leads Spinoza to bringing together the control of political authority on religious affairs and a political regime of religious plurality and toleration. These ideas seem to be reminiscent of texts published in his immediate circle: the anonymus De jure ecclesiasticorum (1665); the political pamphlets Kort verhael (1662) and Vrye Politijke Stellingen (1665) of his teacher Van den Enden; the subversive dictionary Een Bloemhof (1668) and the systematic philosophical Een Ligt (1668) of Koerbagh. In these texts the question of religion and religious authority shifts to the question of the nature and origin of political authority. The authors all criticize the abuse of power in light of the idea that there is no freedom without equality and no equality without freedom. Together with Spinoza’s Tractatus politicus (1677), they thereby form an anomaly within the anomaly of the Calvinist Low Countries that regards specifically this radical democratic view. They are not so much talking about tolerance but about everyone’s active participation in political life which is necessary for the rescue of the republic.
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Wen, Kui, Xianjun Huang, Rici Tang, Yuanlong Liang, and Peiguo Liu. "Study on the Filter Integrated with High Transmission and Ultra-Wideband Electromagnetic Shielding Function in the View of Surface Plasmon." Applied Sciences 13, no. 18 (2023): 10124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131810124.
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The generation of a strong electromagnetic weapon requires the electromagnetic protection performance of the photoelectric system, including the high shielding and ultra-wideband protection characteristics against strong electromagnetic attacks and superhigh infrared transmittance. This article aims to excite surface plasmons by etching a subwavelength circular structure array run through a metal film. At the same time, the local field enhancement effect based on surface plasmons is used to tune specific wavelengths of light, achieving the goal of enhancing the optical transmission effect. Ulteriorly, the amplitude and position of the infrared response peak are controlled by optimizing the structural geometric parameters to achieve filtering effects in different wavebands. Furthermore, through the inversion calculation of the transmission spectrum of the circle array structure in the visible light band, the different colors of its surface under different parameters can correspond one-to-one to its performance, so as to intuitively identify different filter types and their performance. Meanwhile, the remaining metal film after etching off the circle array structure region constitutes an ultra-wideband shielding layer as a continuous conductor, achieving a shielding efficiency of more than 45 dB in the radar band (1–18 GHz). It is worth noting that the cascaded theory combines ultra-thin metal films with thick substrates to solve the problem of software running for long periods of time and under high loads during the simulation of light propagation. This scheme greatly reduces the error between simulation and practical application.
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Bowie, Andrew. "The ‘Philosophy of Performance’ and the Performance of Philosophy." Performance Philosophy 1, no. 1 (2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21476/pp.2015.1131.
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The notion of the 'philosophy of x', which has recently tended to become part of many subjects, from music to management, tends to obscure a range of important issues. The idea behind it seems to be that, by designating one's reflections on a subject as the ‘philosophy’ of whatever it is one is reflecting about, one achieves some kind of higher insight. Such an approach arguably grants too much to a subject whose main manifestation is actually endless disagreement on fundamental issues. In the light of this less flattering view of philosophy I want to suggest that we may sometimes achieve more by thinking of some of our practices, particularly in the aesthetic domain, as manifestations of what philosophy might become, rather than just thinking of those practices as objects of philosophical analysis.
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Koval, A. S. "Hermeneutic circle in development of methodological culture of future music teacher." Musical art in the educological discourse, no. 2 (2017): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2518-766x.20172.15458.
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This article is devoted to the studying hermeneutic circle in the development of methodological culture of future music teacher. Under the conditions of globalization processes, tendencies of convergence of world cultures improvement of culturological training of student youth requires new approaches, in particular, culturological training of students of pedagogical specialties. The task of pedagogical education is to develop a teacher as a specialist and as a person of high culture, who has a special positive effect on the personality of school student. This article analyses the works of scientists dedicated to the issues of establishment and development of the hermeneutic approach in philosophical, psychological, and logical and gnosiological contexts. It is defined the essence of the concept of “hermeneutic circle” as one of the basic principles of the hermeneutic approach. There have been provided the examples of interpretation of the principle of hermeneutic circle by various scientists. Hermeneutic approach is applied in sciences such as pedagogy, psychology, economics, sociology etc. In pedagogical science the hermeneutic approach at the level of conceptual use was elaborated by A. Zakirova. She introduced the term “pedagogical hermeneutics”. Hermeneutic circle as a principle of text understanding is based on the interrelation of the part and the whole. Understanding of the whole consists of the understanding of the individual parts, and understanding of the parts requires understanding of the whole. The concepts of the part and the whole are correlated: the text is a part concerning the whole creative activity of the author, which in its turn is a part of the particular genre or literature in general, as well as the part of spiritual life and biography of the author. The idea of hermeneutic circle means also that there is no understanding of the text without certain prerequisites: understanding is preceded by some idea of what is yet to understand. There have been determined the peculiarities of the use of the principle of hermeneutic circle in the development of methodological culture of the future teacher of musical art. In light of hermeneutical trends, the penetration of which in the realm of musical art can be traced quite clearly, the use of the hermeneutic circle principle in the development of methodological culture of the future teacher of musical art appears not only in the narrow interpretation of the particular phenomenon or group of phenomena, but much wider — as a means of learning and understanding of the worldview by a person.
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Wang, Huang, Toyoda, and Liu. "Topological Charge Detection Using Generalized Contour-Sum Method from Distorted Donut-Shaped Optical Vortex Beams: Experimental Comparison of Closed Path Determination Methods." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (2019): 3956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9193956.
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A generalized contour-sum method has been proposed to measure the topological charge (TC) of an optical vortex (OV) beam using a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SH-WFS). Moreover, a recent study extended it to be workable for measuring an aberrated OV beam. However, when the OV beam suffers from severe distortion, the closed path for circulation calculation becomes crucial. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of five closed path determination methods, including watershed transformation, maximum average-intensity circle extraction, a combination of watershed transformation and maximum average-intensity circle extraction, and perfectly round circles assignation. In the experiments, we used a phase-only spatial light modulator to generate OV beams and aberrations, while an SH-WFS was used to measure the intensity profile and phase slopes. The results show that when determining the TC values of distorted donut-shaped OV beams, the watershed-transformed maximum average-intensity circle method performed the best, and the maximum average-intensity circle method and the watershed transformation method came second and third, while the worst was the perfect circles assignation method. The discussions that explain our experimental results are also given.
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Ruan, Yisheng, Zhengping Deng, Fei Hao, and Ruwen Chen. "Hand-eye calibration of line structured-light sensor based on double-sphere constraints." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2770, no. 1 (2024): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2770/1/012020.
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Abstract Aiming at the complex problem of solving the positional relationship between the line laser sensor at the end of the robot wrist and the coordinate system of the end flange, a line laser hand-eye calibration method based on a double ball fixed target is proposed. Firstly, a double standard ball with known radius and center distance is used as a reference tool, and the point cloud data of a single contour line is collected several times, and the coordinates of the two ball centers under the camera coordinate system can be obtained according to the center coordinates of the circle obtained from the fitted circle combined with the Pythagoras theorem. Then, according to the principle that the two spherical centers are fixed under the robot base coordinate system, the rigid transformation matrix between the line laser sensor and the robot is successively solved. When solving the rotation matrix, the constraint of the distance between the spherical centers of the two balls is introduced to obtain a solution with better accuracy. Experimental results show that the method has better overall performance compared with the traditional single-ball hand-eye calibration method.
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Oleinik, Varvara. "Aristotle’s metaphysical concept of place and time in the light of Gilles Deleuze’s simulacrum idea." Socium i vlast, no. 2 (2022): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-19-28.
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Introduction. The author analyzes the problem of time in Aristotle’s metaphysical ontology through the prism of G. Deleuze’s simulacrum concept. The purpose of this paper is to search for new interpretive possibilities for building a modern philosophical time theory. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is (G. Deleuze’s simulacrum idea) the basic principles of simulacrum building, which are applied to Aristo- tle’s theory of time. Scientific novelty of the study. The study focuses on the relationship of time and difference, dif- ference and meaning. The author substantiates the thesis about the simulative nature of time in Aristotle’s ontological system. On the basis of the relationship, the author proposes and reveals the idea of synchrony, which could combine these two phenomena into a single system of relations, with- out reducing one to the other and without falling into a vicious circle. Results. On the basis of the analysis, it was re- vealed that time in Aristotle’s concept has the fea- tures of a simulacrum. The analysis makes it pos- sible to define synchrony as a temporal concept. Conclusions. The proposed method makes it pos- sible to carry out similar types of analysis in other metaphysical systems in order to determine the possibility of identifying a concept.
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Zholkovsky, Alexander. "Performance as Power and Power as Performance in "Belshazzar's Feasts" by Fazil Iskander." Slavic and East European Journal 59, no. 3 (2015): 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30851/59.3.002.
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The story of “Belshazzar’s Feasts,” from the three-volume saga Sandro of Chegem , first saw light in the United States in 1979 -- not in Russia, where it was written in 1973 but could only be published in 1988. Iskander’s brilliant portrayal of Stalin puts the novella on the same level as The First Circle by Solzhenitsyn. The fictional plot revolves around Uncle Sandro’s participating in a dance concert in the presence of Stalin in 1935. He impresses Stalin with his act, sliding all the way up close to Stalin on his knees while blinded by his hood pulled over his eyes. But Stalin suspects he has seen the man before. The secret of their first encounter will ensure the suspense of the narrative, focused on the feast in an Abkhazian sanitarium honoring Stalin and featuring his inner circle: Beria, Voroshilov, Kalinin and others. Iskander’s plot construction is remarkable for its theatricality. His characters do not so much communicate verbally as perform before each other. Often they keep silent, but strike telling postures and assume marked facial expressions. When they do speak, rather than stating what they mean, they say something else, expecting the other to infer their message from the silent language of mime. Reading Iskander, one is immersed in intense semiotic interaction. His “theatrical scenes” are often power plays—“symbolic duels” at times, and at other times combat between an underdog and an authority figure bent on crushing the resistance or even the personality of the opponent. The essay does justice to the rich intertextual background of the novella, featuring, among others, motifs from Alexander Pushkin’s Captain’s Daughter (and the broader Walter-Scottian topos of encounters of the everyman protagonist with a major historical figure), Friedrich Schiller’s drama William Tell , and the Bible’s Book of Daniel .
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ABBOU, Dr Youssef, and Dr Najat BELARBI. "BRAIN, MIND AND PHILOSOPHICAL THINKING." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, no. 02 (2024): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.28.23.
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This article aims to shed light on the decisive and influential role of the learner’s mental functioning in the process of learning and acquiring the tools of philosophical thinking, which are mainly represented in problematization, conceptialization, and argumention. Philosophical thinking, as a rational and conscious thinking, requires the learner to acquire and employ a set of skills such as: questioning, criticism and argumentation, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization. However, the acquisition and employment of these various skills inevitably depends on his ability to process information; Attention, selection, storage, retrieval, and use. Accordingly, it has become necessary for the philosophy teacher to understand the nature of the learner’s cognitive functioning and mental activity, which the cognitive and emotional dimensions are mixed in a dynamic unit that cannot be separated or divided. Despite the importance of memory systems in the process of processing information, severe emotional pressures, such as anxiety and stress, can paralyze the ability of the memory system and hinder its performance of its functions, which negatively affects the process of learning and acquiring the tools of philosophical thinking and its basic competencies
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Kovalenko, Natalia. "Philosophical and Religious Works of L.N. Tolstoy as a Starting Point in the Culture of the Silver Age." Философская мысль, no. 5 (May 2023): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2023.5.39123.
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This paper examines the philosophical and religious creativity of the Great Russian writer and thinker Leo Tolstoy as a founder of national culture of the Silver Age. The author of this article argues that Tolstoy's works, both artistic and figurative, as well as his journalistic works, were imbued with religious content, which constituted the generic specificity of the culture of the Silver Age. For Tolstoy culture is based on spiritual and moral principles, which are inseparable from the Christian and religious foundation, which was the subject of this study. The aim of the paper was to identify and analyze such fundamental categories of Tolstoy's philosophy as Christian love and social nonviolence. Love according to Tolstoy is an emblematic fragment of the religious worldview, and non-resistance to evil by violence acts as a social and moral component, which is the only way to break the vicious circle of social and individual evil in human society. To prove his philosophical generalizations, Tolstoy makes extensive use of historical-cultural methodology and, as a rational thinker, uses the Cartesian paradigm of the priority of rationality and evidence. Tolstoy's unconditional faith is deeply rationalistic in character, as well illustrated by his commitment to moral utilitarianism or moral pragmatism. The problems and content of the article are relevant in light of the challenges that have become deeply pressing today in the upbringing of the younger generations. The conclusions of the work are significant not only in historical and philosophical terms, but they contribute to the substantiation of the idea of the importance of religious consciousness for contemporary Russian society.
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Zhang, Haifeng, Han Ai, Zeyu He, Delian Liu, Jianzhong Cao, and Chao Mei. "Adaptive Measurement of Space Target Separation Velocity Based on Monocular Vision." Electronics 14, no. 11 (2025): 2137. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14112137.
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Spacecraft separation safety is the key characteristic of flight safety. Obtaining the velocity and distance curves of spacecraft and booster at the separation time is at the core of separation safety analysis. In order to solve the separation velocity measurement problem, this paper introduces the YOLOv8_n target detection algorithm and the circle fitting algorithm based on random sample consistency (RANSAC) to measure the separation velocity of space targets according to a space-based video obtained by a monocular camera installed on the spacecraft arrow-shaped body. Firstly, MobileNetV3 network is used to replace the backbone network of YOLOv8_n. Then, the circle fitting algorithm based on RANSAC is improved to improve the anti-interference performance and the adaptability to various light environments. Finally, by analyzing the imaging principle of the monocular camera and the results of circle feature detection, distance information is obtained, and then the measurement results of velocity are obtained. The experimental results based on a space-based video show that the YOLOv8_n target detection algorithm can detect the booster target quickly and accurately, and the improved circle fitting algorithm based on RANSAC can measure the separation speed in real time while maintaining the detection speed. The ground simulation results show that the error of this method is about 1.2%.
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Kulecka, Alicja. "In the circle of the intellectual elites of Galicia and Poland: the value system of Stanisław Tarnowski in the light of posthumous reminiscences and funeral speeches (1873–1917)." Galicja. Studia i materiały 10 (December 3, 2024): 110–34. https://doi.org/10.15584/galisim.2024.10.6.
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The aim of the article is to review the issues present in funeral speeches and posthumous reminiscences that constitute a significant aspect of Stanisław Tarnowski’s work. The basis for these considerations were works available in Digital Libraries Federation. The article focuses on the motifs of creating funeral speeches and posthumous reminiscences, factors shaping human life, politics, and modernization. Funeral speeches and posthumous reminiscences were an important source revealing Tarnowski’s political and philosophical views. They served as a source of his reflections and observations based on participation in many events of social, scientific, and political life.
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Guan, Yabin, Zongde Fang, Xiaohui Yang, and Guoding Chen. "Effects of misalignment and crowning on contact characteristics of crown gear coupling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 12 (2018): 4397–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218815516.
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Although crown gear couplings are widely used in rotating machinery, very little is known about their contact behavior and load distribution characteristics. In this study, the manufacturing methods are presented for crown gear coupling. Complete geometrical mathematical models from tools to crown gear coupling are proposed based on the theories of differential geometry and gear mesh. Then, a high-fidelity finite element model verified by tooth contact analysis under light load is employed to investigate load distribution along the crown gear coupling interfaces. The effects of meshing position, torque, and angular misalignment are investigated on load distributions along with crowning amount depending on the displacement circle radius. Finally, it is observed that when the contact position is 0.2 times the width of the tooth, the radius of the displacement circle is the optimal result for the performance of the crown gear coupling.
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Thein, Amanda Haertling, Megan Guise, and DeAnn Long Sloan. "Exploring the Significance of Social Class Identity Performance in the English Classroom: A Case Study Analysis of a Literature Circle Discussion." English Education 44, no. 3 (2012): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ee201219121.
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English educators at all levels have endeavored to understand difference in their classrooms both in terms of the content that they teach and in terms of the social and cultural identities of students in their classrooms. However, although educators have come a long way in understanding identity as it is constituted by race and gender, much work is needed for social class identity to be understood with nuance and complexity. This article explores the salience of class identity as it affects one aspect of learning in the English classroom—literary interpretation. Specifically, this article draws on data from a six-week literature circle unit in which four white, socioeconomically diverse students discussed Dorothy Allison’s Bastard Out of Carolina. By examining and uncovering the students’ social class identity performances as they influenced both their participation and interpretations in the literature circle, this article sheds light on the significance of social class identity in the English classroom and makes a case for the importance of a more thorough consideration of social class in teaching and research in English education.
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Yates, Robin D. S. "State Control of Bureaucrats under the Qin: Techniques and Procedures." Early China 20 (1995): 331–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800004533.
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This essay studies seven aspects of administration in the Qin state and empire in the light of the texts found at Shuihudi written on bamboo strips: rules for appointment of officials; age and other limitations; length of tenure in office; guarantees of performance; reports; methods of checking an official's performance; and salaries. The evidence is compared with that drawn from traditionally transmitted historical and philosophical texts. In addition, these administrative techniques are situated within the metaphysical and cosmological framework that guided actual Qin bureaucratic practice.
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Kuldkepp, Kristin. "Free Improvisation as Experience: A pragmatic insight into improvisational gesture." Organised Sound 26, no. 1 (2021): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771821000091.
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This article presents the possible proximity between the philosophical tradition of pragmatism and the present-day practice of free improvisation, a musical activity that enjoys its ambiguous nature of not being clearly defined, that is, however, of value to examine as a practice in its own rights. It is used in educational and compositional contexts as a tool, as well as being an established independent performance practice, albeit for a relatively small body of audience. The discussion is led through three concepts that are utilised by pragmatists, but which resonate with the concerns of free improvisers: experience, expressive object and gesture. Outlining these key ideas, the article sheds light on John Dewey’s and Giovanni Maddalena’s thoughts on aesthetics, which provide a perspective for examining these inherent issues of free improvisation. Through a philosophical examination, the article seeks to enlighten the performance processes of the musical phenomenon of free improvisation.
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Rogers, Rebecca R., Ashleigh M. Davis, Ashley E. Rice, and Christopher G. Ballmann. "Effects of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Reactive Agility Performance." Oxygen 2, no. 4 (2022): 570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2040037.
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Beetroot juice (BRJ) is high in inorganic nitrate (NO3) which has been shown to enhance vascular function, cognition, and physical performance. Acute BRJ supplementation has been reported to enhance explosive resistance exercise performance and simple reaction time in diseased populations. However, it remains unknown if acute BRJ supplementation can enhance agility and reactive drills in healthy individuals, which are relevant to many sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute BRJ supplementation on simple reaction time and reactive agility performance. In a counterbalanced double-blinded manner, physically active males completed two trials each with a differing single-dose treatment: (1) Placebo (PL), (2) BRJ. Each treatment was consumed 2-hrs before experimental testing. Plasma Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2) were measured via capillary blood sampling and colorimetric assay. Reaction time was assessed using a simple reaction time light test. Reactive agility was measured via a semi-circle drill and a get-up-and-go drill. All tests used FITLIGHT LED sensors to record response time. Each visit was separated by a 72-h washout period. Acute BRJ ingestion resulted in significantly greater plasma NO3 (p < 0.001) and NO2 (p = 0.008) compared to PL. BRJ significantly improved response time during the semi-circle drill (p = 0.011) and get-up and go drill (p = 0.027) compared to PL. No differences between treatments were observed for simple reaction time (p = 0.279). Collectively, these findings suggest that acute BRJ ingestion may improve reactive agility performance likely mediated by systemic increases in NO3/NO2. Future research is needed to investigate how these findings translate to game-play and sports competition.
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COCEI, Liviu Iulian. "Spre o înţelegere a categoriilor estetice de Frumos şi Sublim/Towards an Understanding of the Aesthetic Categories of the Beautiful and the Sublime." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle XVIII: Philosophy 10, no. 1 (2021): 97–112. https://doi.org/10.35219/philosophy.2020.08.
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The main goal of this paper is to emphasize the philosophical importance of the Beautiful and the Sublime, in the light of the meaning of life. In addition, some of their opposite categories such as ugliness, kitsch or grotesque will be analyzed as well. The aesthetic judgements (or the judgements of taste) about nature, art or even some products of technology are considered fundamentally subjective, but the appropriate philosophical concept is intersubjectivity. After all, there must be some kind of agreement among the aesthetic subjects or at least some of them. Also, other aesthetic attitudes and artistic movements like the so-called performance art or conceptual art will be taken into consideration. Apart from the ussual meaning of these aesthetic values I will underline their specific autonomy. Of course, the aesthetic categories cannot be defined simply by proximate genus and specific difference, but only by analogy. In the end, I claim that the Beatiful and the Sublime are the pillars of artistic creation and of human existence seen as a work of art, through wich the other aesthetic categories come into light.
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Yong, Sheenru. "Creating Contemporary Ritual: The Choreography of Lin Lee-Chen and Anna Halprin." Congress on Research in Dance Conference Proceedings 40, S1 (2008): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2049125500000753.
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A study and comparison of works by two creators of ritual performance—Anna Halprin and Lin Lee-Chen—provide insight into Richard Schechner's efficacy-entertainment continuum as well as how ritual manifests in contemporary performance. Through a close reading of the structure and performance quality of Lin's Miroirs de Vie (Jiao) and Halprin's Circle the Earth “Dancing with Life on the Line,” I look at both artist's efforts and results in creating ritual performance and illustrate what I believe to be their distinctive features. Contextualization of the work and the artists' intentions shed light on the possibility or scope of change effected by their creations. While Lin's highly stylized large-scale dance-dramas in many senses cannot be compared to Halprin's nature-oriented participatory community rituals, commonalities in these two works show a strong emphasis on bodily experience, indicating embodiment as fundamental in creating transformative performance.
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Butt, Umer Javed, Imam Hassouna, Laura Fernandez Garcia-Agudo та ін. "CaMKIIα Expressing Neurons to Report Activity-Related Endogenous Hypoxia upon Motor-Cognitive Challenge". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, № 6 (2021): 3164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063164.
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We previously introduced the brain erythropoietin (EPO) circle as a model to explain the adaptive ‘brain hardware upgrade’ and enhanced performance. In this fundamental circle, brain cells, challenged by motor-cognitive tasks, experience functional hypoxia, triggering the expression of EPO among other genes. We attested hypoxic cells by a transgenic reporter approach under the ubiquitous CAG promoter, with Hif-1α oxygen-dependent degradation-domain (ODD) fused to CreERT2-recombinase. To specifically focus on the functional hypoxia of excitatory pyramidal neurons, here, we generated CaMKIIα-CreERT2-ODD::R26R-tdTomato mice. Behavioral challenges, light-sheet microscopy, immunohistochemistry, single-cell mRNA-seq, and neuronal cultures under normoxia or hypoxia served to portray these mice. Upon complex running wheel performance as the motor-cognitive task, a distinct increase in functional hypoxic neurons was assessed immunohistochemically and confirmed three-dimensionally. In contrast, fear conditioning as hippocampal stimulus was likely too short-lived to provoke neuronal hypoxia. Transcriptome data of hippocampus under normoxia versus inspiratory hypoxia revealed increases in CA1 CaMKIIα-neurons with an immature signature, characterized by the expression of Dcx, Tbr1, CaMKIIα, Tle4, and Zbtb20, and consistent with accelerated differentiation. The hypoxia reporter response was reproduced in vitro upon neuronal maturation. To conclude, task-associated activity triggers neuronal functional hypoxia as a local and brain-wide reaction mediating adaptive neuroplasticity. Hypoxia-induced genes such as EPO drive neuronal differentiation, brain maturation, and improved performance.
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Egorova, L. V. "T. A. Kasatkina. ‘We will be faces/persons…’ An analytical-synthetic reading of Dostoevsky’s works." Voprosy literatury, no. 4 (August 6, 2024): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2024-4-190-195.
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The review is concerned with the book about Dostoevsky’s philosophical anthropology, analytical-synthetic reading as a means for its comprehension, the principles of the analysis of a work of fiction, and the levels of its interpretation and commenting. Analytical-synthetic reading suggests text analysis performed within a hermeneutic circle which means to undertake analysis of a detail in the novel’s context and of the novel in the light of the detail’s deep significance; analysis of a work intended for publication in the context of the author’s preliminary drafts and personal notes; and analysis of a text in the context of the author’s entire oeuvre. A broad typological literary and cultural context forms a background for the reviewed analysis of Dostoevsky’s works. T. Kasatkina’s integrity and insightfulness and her thorough and balanced research are enhanced by the scholar’s preoccupation with what other readers make of Dostoevsky’s works. Every one of them can discover new spaces and possibilities in reading this book, authored by a philosopher and theologist who writes with the goal of telling her own story of transformation and guiding her readers down the same path.
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Simonneau, Claire. "Understanding the Weak Performance of Technology in Urban Management." International Journal of E-Planning Research 3, no. 3 (2014): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2014070102.
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The article questions the appropriation of existing urban planning and management tools in Sub-Saharan Africa, through a multiple case study: the implementation of a land information system (or simplified cadastre) in three cities in Benin. An ethnographic exploration of the use of the tool is conducted. The first section presents the historical context of the design of land information systems, framed by the urban management paradigm, and unwarranted confidence in new technologies. The second section presents the theoretical framework and the methodology of the research, inspired by public policy analysis and development anthropology. The third section describes findings of the multiple case studies. A vicious circle is highlighted, made up of: lack of political support, obsolescence, and decline of cost-effectiveness. The fourth section discusses the results of the ethnographic inquiry. These are, essentially, the interpretation of the paradoxes, blockages, and conflicts in the implementation of the tool in light of social, political and economic dynamics that take place at the local level, although unexpected by the creators of the tool.
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Pollo, Antonella, Elisa Carlino, and Fabrizio Benedetti. "Placebo mechanisms across different conditions: from the clinical setting to physical performance." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1572 (2011): 1790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0381.
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Although the great increase in interest in the placebo phenomenon was spurred by the clinical implications of its use, the progressive elucidation of the neurobiological and pharmacological mechanisms underlying the placebo effect also helps cast new light on the relationship between mind (and brain) and body, a topic of foremost philosophical importance but also a major medical issue in light of the complex interactions between the brain on the one hand and body functions on the other. While the concept of placebo can be a general one, with a broad definition generally applicable to many different contexts, the description of the cerebral processes called into action in specific situations can vary widely. In this paper, examples will be given where physiological or pathological conditions are altered following the administration of an inert substance or verbal instructions tailored to induce expectation of a change, and explanations will be offered with details on neurotransmitter changes and neural pathways activated. As an instance of how placebo effects can extend beyond the clinical setting, data in the physical performance domain and implications for sport competitions will also be presented and discussed.
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Stratonova, N. O. "TRANSFORMATION REFLEXES OF PRE-CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW IN KIEVAN RUS LITERATURE." Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, no. 7 (May 29, 2015): 150–57. https://doi.org/10.15802/ampr2015/43736.
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<strong>The purpose</strong> of this article is to review the literature of Kievan Rus' in the light of interaction and mutual influence of Christian and pre-Christian worldviews; to open and show the character of the relations of pre-Christian and Christian religions; to reveal some aspects of these relationships in the literature of Kievan Rus in XI-XIII centuries. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Among the general scientific approaches in solving the problems that have been used was primarily theological and philosophical. This approach allowed us to explore and objectively analyze the tendency to reflect pre-Christian beliefs in the literature of Kievan Rus. As specially-scientific methods there were used historiosophical (philosophical understanding of historical events and processes), topical (selection and analysis of the basic conceptual directions of transformations), chronological (link historiographical tradition with a concrete historical reality) and the philosophical and hermeneutical (theological-philosophical interpretation of monuments).<strong> Scientific novelty.</strong> The work is theological and philosophical reflection analysis of pre-Christian ideas in literary monuments of Kievan Rus. For the first time takes into account the specifics of medieval imagination and poetry, studied the religious significance of the texts found their reflection in the pre-Christian beliefs and stated on their role in shaping the world Kievan Rus’ scribes, analyzed the specificity of interaction between Christian and pagan notions. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> In the process, the author comes to the conclusion that by denying the fact of paganism, separating itself along with other Orthodox nations from the "Latins" and "heretics", Rus claimed its identity through the adoption of Christianity. This process has had its impact on the internal development of the mythodogical consciousness of the people, has accelerated the emergence of the epic in his heroic cycles and Kiev, where it was easy, but dosed and originally instilled Christian ritual principles and values.Byzantine and Bulgarian literature’s circle passed to Russ ready and clear truth, and Rus scribes were the first who learnedit as a model for their life. It is practical, saint idea became the basis of Rus literacy. The apparent ease of assimilation of people outside of the Orthodox Church with the epic structure is not set to culture in general, the problem of conscious, long and organized opposition to the new faith and the old folk pagan wisdom, representatives of which remained "team change people's consciousness," because she folk wisdom in his epic the design principles adopted ritual orthodoxy.
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Jenkin, H. L., R. T. Dyde, M. R. Jenkin, I. P. Howard, and L. R. Harris. "Relative role of visual and non-visual cues in determining the direction of “up”: Experiments in the York tilted room facility." Journal of Vestibular Research 13, no. 4-6 (2003): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2003-134-613.
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Perceiving a direction as “up” is fundamental to human performance and perception. Astronauts in microgravity frequently experience reorientation illusions in which they, or their world, appear to flip and ‘up’ becomes arbitrarily redefined. This paper assesses the relative importance of visual cues in determining the perceived up direction. In the absence of information about the origin of illumination, people interpret surface structure by assuming that the direction of illumination is from above. Here we exploit this phenomenon to measure the influence of head and body orientation, gravity and visual cues on the perceived up direction. Fifteen subjects judged the shape of shaded circles presented in various orientations. The circles were shaded in such a way that when the shading was compatible with light coming from above, the circle appeared as a convex hemisphere. Therefore, by finding which shaded circle appeared most convex, we can deduce the direction regarded as “up”. The different cues contributing to this percept were separated by varying both the orientation of the subject and the surrounding room relative to gravity. The relative significance of each cue may be of use in spacecraft interior design to help reduce the incidence of visual reorientation illusions.
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Nikitin, Andrii. "Philosophical context in the work of Sergei Zoruk." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 29 (December 17, 2020): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.29.2020.46-53.
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S. Zoruk was a bright representative of the artistic circle with an original view and individual ap- proach to art. His innovative methodological theories on academic drawing are organically included in the concept of scientific and methodological base of the Department of Drawing NAOMA and drawing school in general. S. Zoruk constantly studied and improved the technique of drawing, built his personal style. It is in the pictorial compositions that his authorial style with an emphatically refined aesthetic and philosophical subtext is most vividly revealed. The line, the stroke, the spot are combined and intertwined, creating elegant images of his paintings. His style of drawing is characterized by a light, free line. It is extremely interesting to see the evolution of the Zoruk artist: "Game-4" (1991), "Breath of the Wind" (1993), diptychs "Farewell to the Hat" (1993) on carnival themes and "Time to scatter stones, time to collect stones" (1993) for biblical motives. They are made in the technique of drawing. Thanks to the compositional techniques of including large sizes of clean planes of paper and the clarity of the line, the artist achieves the effect when the viewer’s imagination continues to paint the plastic life of the image. S. Zoruk’s creative style is characterized by refinement and detail of the image, elegance and lightness of the line and, at the same time, there is a pause, a colon in the story, which gives space for plot fantasizing. An important place in the artist’s creative activity was occupied by his teaching work, which he began in 1989 at the Department of Drawing KDHI. He alternately taught drawing at the Faculty of Architecture, and later at the restoration, theater, and graphic departments. He took a direct part in the forma- tion of the scientific and theoretical basis for the methods of teaching drawing and introduced methodological development, namely "Double productions in the 5th year" in the working program of the drawing. The level of professional qualification of the artist was marked in 1986 by admission to the National Academy of Arts, the rank — Honored Artist of Ukraine (1996), in 2000 the academic rank of associate professor, and since 2003 S. Zoruk held the position of professor. He successfully combined pedagogical and exhibition activities, repeatedly visited and collaborated with art galleries in Suzhou, Wu Xi (PRC). He has about 40 exhibitions in Ukraine and abroad. His works are in the funds of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine, the National Union of Artists of Ukraine, the museum "Kachanivka" and the Museum of Contemporary Art (Kaliningrad), in private collections in the Netherlands, Russia, Belgium, France, Germany, Austria, USA, China. S. Zoruk’s creative and pedagogical activity were awarded in 2002 by the award of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine "For out- standing merits in the development of culture and art". Philosophical sound in combination with intellectual- ism, together with high professional skill gave S. Zoruk’s works of extraordinary artistic value, made them an important phenomenon of Ukrainian art of the last quarter of the XX — beginning of the XXI century. His works have a sense of the space of the theatrical stage: the images, which is raised up to generalization are united by a certain game moment, the artist slowly unfolds in front of the spectator the dramaturgy of the plot, leaving a field for his own interpretations.
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Xue, Ping, Yihui Wang, and Hongmin Wang. "Size Detection Method of Embedded Ball Based on Aviation Bearing Image." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 10, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6670731.
Full textAbstract:
In the aerospace industry, bearing is widely used in various rotating machinery. The performance of bearing affects the operation of the whole machinery and even aviation equipment. The wrongly assembled ball due to size is an important reason for unqualified bearing. To solve this problem, an accurate ball detection method based on the bearing image is proposed. Firstly, according to the imaging characteristics of bearing and light propagation characteristics, an image collection system based on the coaxial light source is designed. Then, aiming at the problem that the embedded ball is occluded by the bearing ring and the cage, only partial ball in the narrow gap can be used to predict the full ball and the high-precision requirement of ball detection, a ball segmentation model based on DeepLab v3+ network is used to segment the local ball, and CBAM is added in the Xception network of the original network. According to the characteristics of the segmentation result, a circle detection algorithm based on circle fitting evaluation designed for incomplete short arc is proposed. Finally, according to the detection results, judge whether the bearing is qualified or not and evaluate the feasibility of this method. Experimental results show that the ball detection accuracy is about 27 microns, and the wrongly assembled ball with a size difference of only 198 microns can be distinguished. The false detection rate of unqualified bearing is 1%. As the last line of defense of bearing quality inspection, this method can achieve zero false detection rate of unqualified bearing in the industry.
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Benso, Silvia. "On Thinkers, Poets, and Mysterious Guests in Heidegger’s Second Country Path Conversation (GA 77)." Heidegger Circle Proceedings 48 (2014): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/heideggercircle2014489.
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The paper argues that the second of Martin Heidegger’s Country Path Conversations (GA 77), namely, “Der Lehrer trifft den Türmer an der Tür zum Turmaufgang,” provides the reader with a live performance of a dialogue (much advocated by Heidegger) between a poet and a thinker. Through a textual analysis of various dramatic elements in the conversation, I provide an imaginative albeit plausible identification of the three characters in the dialogue (namely, the teacher, the tower warden, and the guest) that makes sense in light of the overall conversational context and opens new possibilities for the philosophical meaning of the conversation itself.
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Yamanaka, Tsukasa. "Can ChatGPT Understand Malapropism Correctly? Challenges to Davidson's Passing Theory in Generative AI." English Language Teaching 17, no. 9 (2024): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v17n9p48.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines ChatGPT&#39;s performance in understanding Japanese malapropisms, aiming to explore its capacity for linguistic inference compared to humans. Despite its remarkable fluency in conversation, ChatGPT shows significant limitations in comprehending malapropisms, particularly in handling phonetic, lexical, and contextual errors. Using a specialized dataset, the research highlights these gaps, suggesting that while ChatGPT excels in fluency, its understanding of nuanced language phenomena remains distinct from human comprehension. The findings contribute to the discourse on the potential and limitations of generative AI, advocating for a reevaluation of linguistic-philosophical theories in light of AI advancements.