Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Philosophie arabe'
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Benaïssa, Omar. "L'ere de l'homme parfait, l'ecole d'ibn 'arabi en iran aux 13eme et 14eme siecles." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030126.
Full textThe spreading of the teachings of muhy al-din ibn 'arabi (d. 640h. /1240) well-known as the shaykh al-akbar, the greatest of the sufi masters, in the persian speaking cultural area, - iran and surrounding world -, was already achieved by the end of the 7th/14th century. The works reached that area, copies widely circulated and masters were specializing in that teaching. It soon imposed itself as the doctrine of islam for many thinkers of that time. The issue which remains unsolved today is that of the true causes of this rapid spreading, and the deep motivations of the promoters of this doctrine. This implies the study of its roots. In others words, is it original or should one look for an unsaid inspiration of its author? after a methodological introduction and a definition of the criterias for the research, we give a glimpse of the main themes dealt with in the teachings of ibn arabi's school as they appear in the works of the first commentators of the fusus al-hikam, the book which were used as the summary of that teaching. Being, and more precisely absolute being, al-wujud al-mutlaq which displays itself in differents degrees; unity of being, wahdat al-wujud, an expression which is generally used to designate the thought of ibn 'arabi; sainthood, walaya and its corollary, the perfect man, al-insan al-kamil, are among the major ideas introduced by ibn 'arabi's school. In a second part, we introduce the transmitters of these teachings in that area according to our criterias. We give a particular attention to sadr al-din al-qunawi (673/1274) the foremost disciple of ibn 'arabi, the main agent of that diffusion, thanks to the nucleus of students gathered around him in qonya, then the intellectual capital of the farsi speaking world. He strived to ensure to his master's thought a deep influence in the intellectual milieu of the moslem society
Ajmi, Faten. "Le concept d'excellence dans la philosophie arabe du IVe/ Xe siècle." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2144.
Full textThe concept of kamāl– perfection, excellence- is deeply ingrained in the medieval arabic philosophy, it is a concept at the crossroads of ethics, politics, noetics and metaphysics. This concept is present in the writings of someone like Al-Fārābī-870-950 or someone as Miskawayh -932-1030 and it appears as a prerequisite for good governance and happiness. It is also the most favoured theme of talks in the literary saloons or in places gathering intellectuals in Baghdad in the Xth century. This is revealed by the book of al-Tawḥīdī -932-1030- named Charming and Delightful company (pleasure of speaking in the court society).This work is at the same time a reflection on the concept of excellence and on what all the authors of this unique century have brought of interesting in this field.It is this matter that this PHD is exploring.On a historical plan, the purpose is to shed light on the intellectual milieu in this century and on the bonds between very famous authors like al-Fārābī and others less reknowned and less studied like Ibn Adiyy who was a Christian philosopher (student of al-Fārābī) and who wrote a book named “the reform of ethics” or other authors like al-Amīrī who wrote a very important book on happiness.On a theoretical plan, this work will try to unravel the links between the concept of excellence and other very important concepts which were the objects of work for thinkers of that century like happiness, goodness, justice…This reflection is built on three very important axes close one to another and at the same time distinct, the study of which will enable to shed light on the concept of excellence from different perspectives and on basis of particular criteria.The axes directing the present work are therefore the following: Ethics, politics,noetics
Makhouad, Mohammed. "Philosophie grammaticale d'Al-Zaggagi d'après le Kitab Al-Gumal." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN21013.
Full textWeber, Edgard. "Aspects de l'imaginaire arabe." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030031.
Full textAspects of the arabic imaginary is a collection of studies submitted in equivalence of a thesis, which analyse the speech of the law in the notion of resurection in the koran and crusades of yesterday and djihad of to-day, as well as the speech of desire studied in the secret of the thousand and one nights, violence in the secret of speech and the arabic imaginary and erotic tales. A symbolic and psycho-analytical approch explains the specific side of the arabic imaginary. The intercultural approach of these two faces of the same culture : the law and desire, highlights the originality of the arabo-muslim imaginary. In this order, such notions as the person, the body, the subject, space and time appear as fundamental to understand two different cultures. The study of the arabic imaginary invites the reader to become conscious of the mecanisms leading ato a deeper comprehension, to a finer understanding of a foreign civilisation according to criteria void of any ethnocentrism
HAROUAK, JAMILA. "La notion d'occident et de patrimoine dans l'intelligentsia arabe contemporaine : l'exemple du maroc." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010580.
Full textLanghade, Jacques. "La langue arabe et la formation du vocabulaire philosophique de Farabi." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040273.
Full textBecause of the continual recitation and the sacred character of the Coran, Arabic seems unchangeable. This will be crucial for Arab sciences - even linguistic sciences -, which are imprinted by the oral tradition. The philosophic language developed by Fârâbî will come into use in this context. Contrary to his predecessors for whom the origins and development of a language were considered in terms of excellence and sacred transmission, Fârâbî puts it in terms of knowledge and in accordance with man's need to communicate. Fârâbî's language development theory leads to a return to written language and to the need for metalanguage. In the field of philosophy, the new vocabulary will take into account the relation between philosophy and religion, the need of demonstrative argument and the necessity to remain linked to everyday spoken language. Fârâbî puts the foregoing theory into practice. In logic, he takes into consideration the need for methodological precision and linguistic customs. Similarly, in philosophy, he demonstrates the liaison bet- ween philosophic and everyday language conceptions. In his educational experiment Fârâbî has directly recommended the writing of works in which the written work ceases to be a help for memory but becomes a source of knowledge
Djenane, Okba. "Le Corps souffrant au regard de la philosophie médicale chez Al-R̄ az̄ i (865 ?-925 ?) : essai intégrant la philosophie, la médecine et le spirituel." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083192.
Full textThe thesis raises the issue of the «suffering body» by questioning Al-R̄ az̄ i 's(865?-925) medical philosophy. We start with the following hypothesis : the philosophical and metaphysical dimension of suffering is linked to the “physico-spiritual” dimension. On one hand, the philosophical and metaphysical dimension of suffering arises from the interpretation of the eternal soul in the body, because it tends to lean mistakenly towards material life, and body pleasures of which it becomes prisoner. (The myth of the fall of the soul). On the other hand, the “physical-spiritual” dimension of suffering appears in the imbalance arising from the excess of “physical transgression of the body” and/or physical abuse resulting from “spiritual and moral misconduct”. The issue to be examined (and this is the goal of this thesis) is whether medical art with preventive and curative practices, through various paths: the doctor, the hospital… represents - according to al-RÁzÐ - an extension of corrective philosophical behaviour, by restoring the initial balance and erasing the unfairness done to the soul and the body. The initial divine correction granted to the soul has as a goal to free it from material life, by giving it some philosophical knowledge that should save it and purify it
Iwaz, Georges. "Rôle des syriaques dans la transmission de la philosophie grecque aux arabes." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30060.
Full textIt is mesopotamia, mainly in bagdad, and in the days of the abbaside caliphate, that 63 syriac translators worked hard to translate at first from greek into syriac, and then directly into arabic, texts from plato, aristotle and plotin. They worked on more than 200 manuscripts - all different - astonishing the world by their high sense of responsibility and by the sharpness of their mind. Inevitably influenced, the arabs first imitated the greek masters but they quickly started to bring new currents such as ikhwan al-sfa, soufism, and kalam. Thinkers such as al-faraby, ibn sina, al-ghazaly, al-maary, and later ibn bajah, ibn toufayl, ibn rouchd and ibn khaldoun succeedeed in drawing the attention of three important civilisations -hebraic, hispanic and latin - which, amazed, began to translate into their own language several of those written works, even to imitate them, glad as they were to discover an original and varied way of thinking. Syriacs played and important part in the passing of the greek philosophy onto the arabs that many critics had to admit that "without the syriacs, people would have forgotten the greek philosophers. Without them, the arabs would not have been able to play such a great part in the history of the world". It was not without cause that the syriacs were called "the fathers of culture", and their language qualified as "the mother of civilisation"
Diop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Full textLavallée, Guillaume. "Habermas et le monde arabe : les limites de la décontextualisation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/62170.
Full textHammami, Kais. "Islam, Temps et Prospective : une analyse linguistique, conceptuelle et doctrinale : les pratiques prospectives dans le contexte de la culture arabo-musulmane." Paris, CNAM, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CNAM0615.
Full textIslam is a religious tradition transcribed from the teachings of the prophet Muhammad and its rich history dates back to the year 622 of the Common Era. La Prospective is a concept developed by Gaston Berger in 1957. Berger, who is considered the father of this anthropological discipline, discovered the profound relationship between time and the future using an argumentation that is as much philosophical as it is theoretical and linguistic. This thesis will attempt to find the common ground between Islam and La Prospective. Inspired by Berger’s approach to find irreducible fundamentals of the Prospective approach, this thesis will demonstrate that the Prospective attitude has long existed in the teachings of Islam. In the first part of this thesis entitled “The History of Attitudes towards the Future in Islam”, we’ll penetrate deep into the intellectual and religious traditions of the Islamic civilisation in order to uncover Islam’s relationship with time and the future. This thesis will demonstrate that the ingredients for the Prospective attitude were present in Islam and permeated the language, philosophy, and theology of Islam; and even influenced the literature of more recent Islamic scholars. Throughout our research, we have observed that one of the principal themes of Islamic philosophy (dating back to over a millennium) was to counter the fatalism and orthodoxy of earlier Imams and theologians. To achieve these ends, later Islamic scholars interpreted the teachings of Muhammad in a much more liberal way, introducing concepts of human agency concerning the future. This existential struggle for liberal thought and human agency in Islam continues to the present day, and is fundamentally opposed to the more dogmatic and fatalistic interpretations of Islam. In the second part entitled, “Accounting for the Prospective Attitude in Arabo-Muslim Culture” we attempt to reconcile theories with practices. Throughout our research, we’ve discovered that the theories regarding attitudes toward the future do not, in fact, reflect practices. Though studies concerning the future exist in Islam, they are mostly theoretical. Thus, these intellectual studies, while brilliant in their own right, neither implicate civil society nor engage a political process resulting
Djenane, Okba. "LE CORPS SOUFFRANT AU REGARD DE LA PHILOSOPHIE MEDICALE CHEZ Al-RÂZÎ (865 ? - 925 ?) " Essai intégrant la philosophie, la médecine et le spirituel "." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00614638.
Full textKoetschet, Pauline. "Al-Râzî et la mélancolie, entre médecine et philosophie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040078.
Full textMelancholy—understood both as a mental disease akin to madness and a state of the mind characterised by sadness and fear—figured prominently in the works of physicians living in the Islamic world in the ninth and tenth centuries. In this context, like in Greek Antiquity, the case of the melancholic was of common concern for physicians and philosophers, because melancholy raised questions that belonged to both disciplines, for instance about the interaction between body and soul, the nature of the soul, the seat of the governing part of the soul and so on.Arabo-Islamic physicians drew heavily on the Greek tradition, and especially on Rufus of Ephesus and Galen. But the notion of melancholy evolved when it came under their scrutiny. The first part of the thesis starts by investigating al-Rāzī's medical writings, in order to understand the theoretical and practical underpinnings of melancholy in these works. This part shows that the diagnosis as well as the treatment of melancholy confronts the physician with many methodological difficulties, such as recognising the multiple symptoms of the disease, explaining their physiological and psychological foundations, but also discovering the purgative, heating and soothing power of the substances used against melancholy and exposing the way in which they fight the disease in the body. Therefore, the second part of this thesis aims at reconstructing the methodological background of those difficulties. It appears that al-Rāzī modifies Galen's "logical method" in two opposite directions: first, he increases the part of experience in medical reasoning; second, he expands the theoretical knowledge needed by the physician. This epistemological position results in al-Rāzī's active participation in philosophical debates, in particular about the soul. In this perspective, the third part of the thesis studies the role played by the interpretation of melancholy in al-Rāzī's psychology
Hamadé, Najwa. "Réflexions sur les aspects du positivisme dans la pensée arabe contemporaine." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010540.
Full textSafar, Imad. "Discours et solutions au paupérisme régional arabe." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210809.
Full textL’entrée du monde arabe dans l’ère moderne a tourné au désastre, entravant son accès à la modernité en l'éloignant peu à peu d’une idée de progrès. L’effort de dépassement d'une logique de crise perpétuelle s'orientera inévitablement vers la recherche d’un idéal commun en mesure de conférer une stabilité vitale pour cette région soumise à des siècles d’instabilité.
Parmi les choix futurs des populations arabes, l'une des alternatives pourrait être l'éradication du contexte de misère via l’instauration d’un mode de production démocratique.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Elsakhawi, Ahmed Nabil. "Étude du livre Zāy (Dzêta) de la Métaphysique d'Aristote dans sa version arabe et son commentaire par Averroès." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010543.
Full textAnnotated translation of the arabic version of Aristotle's metaphysics (book z) and of its commentary by Averroès. Research on the terminology of the arabic version and on its commentary. Research on the doctrine of substance in Aristotle's metaphysics (book z) and in its commentary by Averroès. Other issues related to the one on substance are also considered, i. E. Generation, Aristotle's criticism of Plato's theory of ideas and definition
Di, Martino Carla. "Ratio particularis : la doctrine des sens internes d'Avicenne à Thomas d'Aquin : contribution à l'étude de la tradition arabo-latine de la psychologie d'Aristote /." Paris : J. Vrin, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41376302j.
Full textBibliogr. p. 167-183.
Marcho, Krikor. "La contamination dans la formation de la pensee arabe au liban, syrie et egypte : 1901 1970." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080048.
Full textThe study is a tentative to illuminate the problematic of ideas' contamination and of the materialistic sequences and this, resulted from the nature of the multiform cultural contacts, arriving to the process of the dominated society's deculturation, is in the benefice of the dominate occidental culture. In fact, this processus negates the difference, puts out the autonomy of the dominated culture, and condamnes it to the equation : master slave. In reality, this metamorphose may could be resulted from the interiorisation of this inferiority viz-a-viz of its master and its auto-denigration. The arab modernist elites, themselves - laicists or islamists liberals or marxists - ar'nt excluded from this order. This very effect which could be seen in considiring that this elites remodeled their identity and their history through the successive periods of the occident's history : decadence - renaissance - reform- revolution. This transposition of the occidental problematics in the arabes conscious- ness acts, in the same time, as obliteration and deformation, as if the self- consciousness is'nt constituted, only by the mirory of the other and as a must - to - be (devoir-etre). All these new imported intellectual acquisitions block up the peripherized societies and fondamentally affect the signification and the fonction of this trans- fered knowledges, as far as that is concerning the socio-economic and epistemologic sequels. That's mean to think again the different conceptions which generated this discontinuity, rupture, mutation and transformation as this elites had only imposed despotic nationalism which had reduced the dominated into mutism
Benzenine, Belkacem. "La question de la laïcité dans la pensée arabe contemporaine." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30026.
Full textThis thesis proposes a critical reading of the principal works of Arab thinkers on the question of secularism (laïcité). The aim is to give an account of a debate that began more than a century ago between the different currents of the Arabic thought : reformist, liberal, Islamist. We examine this issue from the viewpoint of the relationship between politics and religion. Starting with the first debate on secularism (between the reformist Muhammad 'Abduh and the liberal Faraḥ Antūn), we analyze the evolution of ideas and the arguments of thinkers who are favourable or unfavourable to secularism. In this study we underline the social and political changes that marked Arab societies. To take the isssue of secularism in all its implications, we are interested in studying the evolution of ideas in their historical and political context : freedom, equality, modernity, nationalism, tolerance, etc
El, Ouafa Moulay Idriss. "Qu'appelle-t-on traduire ? : épistémologie de la traduction arabo-islamique, une approche philosophico-linguistique : thèse." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2003.
Full textThe translation amalgamates the theory and the practice so that ''translate'' does not want inevitably to say to make translation. To translate is the personal artistic side of the translation. However, it is, itself, prone to other disciplines and does not profit from a well defined statute as it is the case for semantics. In the Arab-Islamic context, this subject takes other prospects. On the one hand, we notice that the phenomenon of the translation is not new since it goes back to centuries. One of the most interesting universal translation's activity is called bayt Al ĥikma (house of wisdom) date of more than ten centuries. In addition, because the translation represents, today, a dependence and fact allusion to unquestionable a lack of inventiveness what weakens the Arab position. The translation comes to be between the present and the past. It is a bond. However, it is not necessary that it is a simple unhappy return
Ghoche, Raymond. "La Conception de la dialectique dans la pensée arabe classique : 8è au 12è s." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010586.
Full textMallet, Dominique, and Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Abū Naṣr al Fārābī. "La dialectique dans la philosophie d'Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30026.
Full textThis thesis contains a new edition and a french annotated translation of two alfarabi's logical treatises about dialectic. The first one (one dialectic) is the introductive part (i, 1-12) of an extended commentary of aristotle's topics i & viii; the second one (on resolution) is a brief survey of topics ii taken as an explicative part of prior analytics i, 27-30 : the topoi are supposed to provide prior analytics with the theory of premisses they need it. These two treatises have to be perceived as an historical testimony of a medieval "re-interpretation" concerning aristotle's logical works. Volume i of this thesis is devoted to a extensive study about alfarabi's recently edited logical treatises, sending new light on place and status of dialectical methods of teaching (and learning) classical greek & hellenistic patrimony as an arabic inheritance. This study supplys also medieval arabic philosophy's history with a serious examination of epistemological status of "dialectical theology" in alfarabi's political philosophy
Jabbour, Jawdath. "L'âme et l'unité de l'homme dans la pensée de Fārābī." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5091.
Full textOur work examines in a systematic way what is the human soul and how it constitutes an individual in al-Fārābī’s thought. We have shown in it that the Neoplatonist triad of nature, soul and intellect structures his natural thought and that it corresponds in man to substantiality, life – as a principle shared with all the living creatures – and thought. This triad is linked to the notion of substantification and allows us to understand the way different functions can emanate from what is a single substance. The way man is constituted by these three principles is presented as a progressive substantification characterized by a strong teleologisation. This teleologisation insures man’s substantial unity since, in the process of his generation, the substance realized first by nature and then by soul exists for the sake of its realization by the intellect and the attainment of man’s perfection, perceived as a return to the self. Facing the dualist positions of his time, al-Fārābī upheld a particular reading of the soul as the form of a body and as the most accomplished principle of unity in the sublunary world. His original comprehension of hylemorphism asserts the separability of the intellect through his usage of neoplatonist elements, notably the organization of the principles and functions that are present in the human substance into various intermediary ranks
Rsslan, Eiva. "L'humanisme arabe au Ve/XIe siècle : Abû al-Alâ' al-Ma'arrî (363/1058), poète, philosophe et penseur humaniste." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2100.
Full textThis study has two main purposes : first, to dust off the image of an important figure of Arabic literature, Al-Maʿarrī. Serious charges has been layed against him that we tried to counter or even reject : has Al-Maʿarrī really imitated the Qur'an ? Was he a skeptic ? Was he a pessimist ? What about his so called isolation, how isolated was he from his contemporaries ? Did he really hated women throughout his lifetime ? The second objective of this study is to shed new light on this Arab thinker philosophy, structured around a fundamental axis which is the human nature and all about realization of happiness. We relied mainly on the Luzūmiyyāt and the Epistle of Forgiveness, we particularly read all the poems in the Luzūmiyyāt and classified them according to the topics discussed. So we gave Al-Maʿarrī the opportunity to defend himself against all those who doubted him and criticized his philosophy
Chennaf, Lakhdar. "Le nihilisme et l'existence dans la philosophie de Nietzsche : dans le miroir des penseurs arabes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080053.
Full textAmong the great philosophers who had a deep impact on modern Arab thought, is distinctly Nietzsche . Being a heir of a heavy and paralyzing culture, rooted in mores, the Arab subject has been left with no aspiration, openness of mind, or emancipation and the effective use of reason or free thought.That being said, who better than a rebellious, iconoclastic thinker like Nietzsche is able to help the Arabs today to restore their historical heritage to its rightful place in their past; hence, beginning an objective and critical re-reading of this legacy, clearly separate from any ideological or dogmatic tendency. Starting from this inextricable historico-anthropo-philosophical reality, we have tried in our thesis to synthesize a new problematic, by which we bring Nietzsche and modern Arab thought back together, we will stipulate a possible emergence of an Arabi Nietzsche. Our main question then has a double ambition and orientation: first, to redefine the Nietzschean nihilism as a way of thinking whose aim is to demolish the ready-made truths and preconceptions, in order to reach truth which is constructed, refined by criticism, and sober. Yet; Nihilism in this sense is hardly an arbitrary or a premonition for chaos, it's rather a way of doubting about predefined judgments and so-called unquestioned truths. Secondly, to provide Arab thought with this methodical nihilism, in order to, as a first step, confront its socio-religious heritage, full of restrictions, proscriptions and intellectual prohibitions . As for the second phase, it consists to make a courageous and necessary passing, which would produce a dynamic of emancipation of the Arab reason from the constraints of the rigorist tradition
Doutabaa-Charif, Najia. "Art et altérité : l'intérêt en France pour les faits culturels et artistiques du monde arabe." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100093.
Full textWhile seeking to understand the significance of the interest taken the cultural and artistic facts of the Arab world in France, the author relates art and otherness or its unveiling of treatment social and historical facts. The problems selected relate to one of the symbolic aspects of social life: the expression of otherness through art. The postulates of knowledge sociology, those of art sociology of and especially the cultural and artistic reception make up the theoretical frames of this study. The empirical work is composed of two investigations : the first one is qualitative amongst the Arab artists living in Paris and the second one quantitative and then qualitative by allowing the visitors of the Institute of the Arab world to give their opinion. The results res highlightobtained alter the analysis and interpretations of the interviews and the questionnai a certain "struggle for recognition" on the artists' side. The results of the investigation amongst the visitors reveal a relationship between the symbolic process, the treatment of otherness, and the cultural and social practice during the visit at the Institute of the Arab world
Hsaine, Hassan. "Le nom d'action (maṣdar) dans le Coran : morphologie, sémantique et traduction." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030055.
Full textStorck, Alfredo-Carlos. "Les modes et les accidents de l'être : études sur la métaphysique d'Avicenne et sa réception dans l'Occident latin." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR2031.
Full textIlies, Dan-Alexandru. "Sur le chemin du palais : ésotérisme, cosmologie et pensée politique dans l'introduction et la conclusion du "Guide des égarés"." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010543.
Full textTriki, Fathi. "La formation de l'esprit historien chez les arabes." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010567.
Full textNatij, Salah. "Adab : recherches sur la pensée éthique, esthétique et politique dans la littérature arabe classique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040246.
Full textThis work aims to contribute to the reconstruction and the study of classical Arab thought developed in the field of adab. Note that we say good classical Arabic thought developed in the field of adab, because we believe that if we want to know how the classical Arabic thought had tried to build an ethical and aesthetic vision is in space specific to the adab questions must be sought. This means that it is not in the so-called Islamic philosophy, or in the set up by Islamic moral system it would be possible to find old Arabic ethical vision as had tried to develop and express themselves. Indeed, While classical Arabic thought had and still has something original to bring to the mind and universal cultural thing would not be developed through the Islamic religion moral system, or through discussions by philosophers, but thanks to the ideas developed in the field of adab. Indeed, it is in and through the thought of the classical Arabic adab culture as truly present itself, that is to say, as it speaks to us through the elements that belong to it properly and intrinsically. For if, as is often said, poetry is the Diwān of the Arabs, that is to say, the archive of their traditions and their feelings, adab, he is both their wisdom, ethics and aesthetics
Benmansour, Ridha. "Le violon dans la musique arabe : techniques de jeu, pratique des modalités et apport pédagogique." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/benmansour_r.
Full textLazar, Louis. "Quelques réflexions sur le législateur chez Ibn Roschd." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100012.
Full textChennaf, Lakhdar. "Le nihilisme et l'existence dans la philosophie de Nietzsche : dans le miroir des penseurs arabes." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080053.
Full textAmong the great philosophers who had a deep impact on modern Arab thought, is distinctly Nietzsche . Being a heir of a heavy and paralyzing culture, rooted in mores, the Arab subject has been left with no aspiration, openness of mind, or emancipation and the effective use of reason or free thought.That being said, who better than a rebellious, iconoclastic thinker like Nietzsche is able to help the Arabs today to restore their historical heritage to its rightful place in their past; hence, beginning an objective and critical re-reading of this legacy, clearly separate from any ideological or dogmatic tendency. Starting from this inextricable historico-anthropo-philosophical reality, we have tried in our thesis to synthesize a new problematic, by which we bring Nietzsche and modern Arab thought back together, we will stipulate a possible emergence of an Arabi Nietzsche. Our main question then has a double ambition and orientation: first, to redefine the Nietzschean nihilism as a way of thinking whose aim is to demolish the ready-made truths and preconceptions, in order to reach truth which is constructed, refined by criticism, and sober. Yet; Nihilism in this sense is hardly an arbitrary or a premonition for chaos, it's rather a way of doubting about predefined judgments and so-called unquestioned truths. Secondly, to provide Arab thought with this methodical nihilism, in order to, as a first step, confront its socio-religious heritage, full of restrictions, proscriptions and intellectual prohibitions . As for the second phase, it consists to make a courageous and necessary passing, which would produce a dynamic of emancipation of the Arab reason from the constraints of the rigorist tradition
Mlih, Fouad. "Le Kitāb al-Ğadal d’Avicenne : un traité de théologie philosophique ? : présentation, traduction et commentaire du Livre I." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4034.
Full textThe Kitāb al-Ğadal (Book of Dialectic) by Avicenna (Ibn Sῑnā) is incorporated within the framework of his huge comment of the Organon which constitutes the Kitāb al-Šifā’ (Book of the Healing). Dialectic is considered through a double perspective : in its capacity of being a technique of the reasoned dialog, it introduces to the study of truth (science of demonstration) and is at the same time a tool for philosophical persuasion headed to masses (political function) and to philosophy students (propédeutique, i. E. Preparatory function). The Avicennian undertaking meets with al-Fārābῑ’s in its will to assign to dialectic, in the continuity of Aristotle’s Topics, the eminent task of rationally structuring the philosophical discussion starting from topics (common places) of argumentation that empower to rule the syllogism. In such a way, it is based upon a highly elaborated technique of premises concession (taslῑm / tasallum) between a respondent and a questioner, as well as it is based upon a capacity of imposing on the adversary a contradictory opinion to his. In a higher extent than in Fārābῑ’s philosophy, the Ğadal strengthens the philosophical critic opposed to kalām theologians, who make use of a method of discussion that is eager to be as close as possible to the philosophical syllogism. However, according to our philosopher, the latter scholars mistreat the dialectic syllogism for they are unaware of the strict rules of the Organon and they seizes the persuasion technique in order to reach goals that are purely rhetorical (obtaining victory against the opponent) or in order to satisfy their desire of political ambitions in the frame of the expression of a courtyard thought sustained by a flourishing patronage since the beginning of the Abbasid caliphate
Saleh, Magdi Abdel-Hafez. "L'idée de l'évolution : L'idée de l'évolution dans la pensée islamique : Les tendances de la théorie de l'évolution dans la pensée arabe contemporaine, cas de l'Egypte." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100034.
Full textKassem, Jamil. "L'imitation chez trois écrivains arabes." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010543.
Full textThe "imitation in the works of three Arab authors" represent an essay of the restitution to the history of the modern Arabic thought, founded on the movement of acculturation in the nineteenth century ( especially in Egypt ) during the period so- called ( the Arabic renaissance ). The notion «imitation " has a function of " deconstruction " of the idea «renaissance " , and simultaneously to elaborate a comparative philosophical critic of Arabic texts. Our authors are the representatives of three principal cur- rents in the liberal humanist tradition : Chebli Chumayyil : the evolutionnism. Farah Antoun : Averroes and his philosophy : a comparative philological study between his book " Averroes and his philosophy (1903) & E. Renan's "Averroes and the Averroes (1863). Salama Musa : the democratic socialism ( fabianism )
Sultan, Mohammad Hayfa. "L'esthétique chez Abū Ḥayyān al-Tawḥīdī." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010687.
Full textThe first part of our study about abu hayyan al-tawhidi, concerns his life. The date of his birth is situated in 310 or 320h ; his origin is unknown (arabian or persian ?). His ideologie was different from mu tazilit's. He was hesitant between greek idealism adopted by him, and islamic owfism. The sources of his cultur, his activities, works and masters are not sufficiently known by us. His personality was very complex, contradictor ; marqued by pessimism and tendance to entreaty and complaint. All these were studied in the first part. The second part treats about the classification of different art categories, according the author, who evoqued, on another hands the definition of "forms" (or pictures), music and song. His conception was known in his times. He evoqued also the impact of these on the soul. We have analysed his ideas about arabic calligraphy and script, his explanations and devices for an ideal script. The sume part evoques also he problem of aesthetic creation, that it is -according the author- based on the reason but assisted by the senses and knowledge. The author evoqued the question of inspiration that, according his point of needed for the science and experience, because its dependence on these. According the author, the aesthetic emotion raises from soul ; it is expressed in dif- ferent ways. The aesthetic experience that is cause of sublimation for a soul, cannot be realized without reason supremacy on the senses. Therefore, the senses, customs and practices are indispensable for any aesthetic experience. The theory of knowledge consists in the compre- hension of the soul and consequently the knowledge of all things around it. Thereafter we can know god or creator. It is realizable throughout renoncement and the predominance of the soul. Finally, about the nature of aesthetics, al-tawhidi gives two different opinions. The first of these is based on absolute idealism discerned by reason, and the second on a material concept perceptible by senses. In any cases, all aesthetic, according him, is connected with the conception of "useful"
Nony, Sylvie. "Abū l-Barakāt al-Bagdādī : une théorie physique de la variation du mouvement au XIIe siècle, à Bagdad." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070054.
Full textThe topic of this thesis is the study of concepts relating to the physics of movement in the Kitāb al-Muʿ tabar, of Abū l-Barakāt al-Bagdādi, who was a philosopher and a physician in 12th century's Bagdad, together with a translation of a part of this book. The aim of this work is to analyze the innovations he brought about as compared with Aristotelician physics, in his formulation of a "law of dynamics" and the way this renewal modified the conception of movement. Our study will more particularly examine the analyses that have been produced so far, and which identified Abū l-Barakāt's work as following the steps of Ibn S īnâ in the mere reinvestment of John Philoponus' rhopé in the concept of mayl. Our purpose is to show that this notion is dependent on the representations of space, time, cosmos and infinity, and that it cannot be seen as an unvarying element in history and philosophy of sciences. The scientific and philosophical choices typical of this author will be examined in order to understand how he could imagine a continuum throughout two movements- yet reputedly contrary- of a projectile hurled upwards. This continuum seems to be the tool that helped build, for the first time in history, a theory which provides a model for the acceleration and deceleration of a moving object in the field of gravity
Baqer, Ahmed. "Recherches historiques et esthétiques sur l'art à Bahrein." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010552.
Full textIn order to enrich his oven personal creative experience, the candidate presents a comprehensive view on art in this part of the world commonly known as the gulf and moreover, in the candidate's own homeland; bahrain. The special character of this study stems from his intention to present a detailed investigation of the most important developments in the history of art in this region. This detailed investigation aims to give an introductory base to aesthetic concepts and philosophies which have governed the development of local art before the introduction of the contemporary notion of art through the establishment of education in bahrain. The range of questions which arise in relation to the candidate's attempts to reveal the nature of art in this particular area is quite wide. It stretches from those examined in the first and second parts of this thesis which primarily involve questions on the art of one of the earliest civilizations; dilmun, the mythical place of the first "act of creation", identified as bahrain. And laster on, the contribution of bahrain (strategic region) in the birth of the arab-islamic form of art to those examined in the last two parts which involve issues concerning the obstacles to real development in the contemporary local art movement. No previous attempts have been made to analyze these major events in local art nor to assemble them all in one single volume
Di, Martino Carla. ""Ratio particularis". Immaginazione, cogitativa ed estimativa da Ibn Sînâ a Tommaso d'Aquino : Contributo allo studio della tradizione arabo-latina della psicologia di Aristotele." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5015.
Full textThrough an aware methodological choice, this study has been organized following two different ways: the first one deals with the history of texts, and it studies the Arabic and Latin tradition of Aristotle’s psychological works, i. E. “De Anima” and “Parva Naturalia” ; the second way deals with a doctrinal history and it studies how these works were interpreted and both the direct (exegesis) and indirect (psychological traits) reactions to the doctrines that were in these works. The precise awareness of the influence of the Arabic psychological science, especially Ibn Sînâ / Avicenna and Ibn Rushd / Averroes, to the themes of the Latin psychological tradition, originally Augustinian, and also of the integration of the three traditions, i. E. The Augustinian one, the Arabic ones and that of Aristotle, in the Albert and Aquina’s works, which are two excellent representatives of the Latin philosophical theories of the 13th century, is the first important result of this work. The historical and doctrinal framing of very important concepts in the arabo-latin lexicon that is “intention”, memory, Spiritual Form, “reditio”, “ratio particularis” and the study of their integration onto the Latin philosophy is the second result. This study is nothing but a contribution to the study of the arabo-latin tradition of the Aristotle’s psychology. It is the first contribution to a more general picture, to which I hope to keep on contributing with my own studies, to rediscover our medieval origins both Christian, Jewish or Islamic, since the history of thought is above al a human history: we cannot channel it in a fixed route and, least of all, try to stop it
Ayyūb, Fawzī. "École et formation cognitive et idéologique dans le monde arabe : étude comparative du contenu des manuels de philosophie et de psychologie dans le cycle d'enseignement secondaire." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H018.
Full textThis comparative study is an attempt to identity the type of cognitive and ideological formation that is instigated by philosophy and psychology books used in secondary schools in the Arab world. In the study an examination was made of the contents of those books that are currently in use in Lebanon, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Algeria and south Yemen in an attempt to explore the convergences and divergences between them. It was thus concluded that the cognitive formation that is propagated by Arab books makes only a slight contribution to the development of students' critical reasoning. As for the ideological formation, these books swing in there texts between idealistic and materialistic tendencies in contrast with the accompanied citations which suggest a distinct idealistic tendency
Ben, Kilanie Imed Eddine. "Les effets didactiques des différences de fonctionnement de la négation dans la langue arabe, la langue française et le langage mathématique." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10195.
Full textMIRAH, FADLALLAH. "La problematique de l'heritage philosophique chez husayn muruwa (1910-1987)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010628.
Full textAre the materialistic tedencies of the arabico-islamic philosophy constituing a myth, or are they a reality ? husayn muruwwa's thesis title is "the materialistic tedencies of the arabico- islamic philosophy", and is presented as an annonce done to both arabs and muslims. That assumes the author (h. M) has, like an explorer, discovered materialistics tendencies in the depth of the arabico-muslim cultural heritage, in its philosophy more precisely. Moreover, the latter is supposed to emanate from its theological dimensions when regretted henri laoust considers that instead of philosophy, we must speak of theology. We did not settle this question, but we prefered focus on the thought; so we started to look for materialistic tedencies with more detachment than h. M. (he was a committed communist). We ended with the conclusion that instead of materialistic tedencies (absent), it will be more appropriate to speak of rational process and, toward, ambition of liberation
Morel, Teymour. "Butrus al-Tûlâwî (1657-1746). Présentation de son oeuvre philosophique. Edition critique et traduction des deux premiers examens (bahth-s) du Livre de la Logique (al-Mantiq)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP022.
Full textBorn in Tūlā (Lebanon), the Maronite clergyman Buṭrus al-Tūlāwī (1657-1746) was a pupil at the Maronite College of Rome, where he followed the whole scholastic curriculum taught by Jesuit fathers. After his return to the East, he left for Aleppo to serve his Church and there he composed an important series of philosophical and theological works. To be sure, he is well known among historians for his role in the history of the Maronite Church and for the place his writings occupied in the religious and intellectual spheres in the Near-East. Nevertheless, his philosophical works have not been the object of much research so far and were never critically edited. In this dissertation, we offer a critical edition accompanied by a commented French translation of the two first examinations (baḥṯ-s) of the Book of Logic (al-Manṭiq), taught in 1693 onward. That part is preceded by a detailed inventory of the 153 witnesses of al-Tūlāwī’s philosophical texts, Logic included, the results of which constitute the starting point for a reflection on the circulation of this corpus. In the following chapter, we proceed to the stemmatic analysis of the 24 witnesses of the Logic to which we could have access out of the 29 listed, in order to underline the existence of three distinct versions in which this text circulated, and which are of paramount importance for the principles of our edition, which is synoptic, and for the eliminatio codicum. The doctrinal references used by al-Tūlāwī in his treatises are varied and numerous. We present and reference, in the following chapter, all the quotations which are, in the Logic, taken from two major figures of philosophy: John Damascene and Avicenna
Malli, Nisrine. "La parole politique des femmes dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle (France - Moyen- Orient) : une étude comparative de deux corpus arabe et français." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083306.
Full textThis thesis provides a reflection on the paradoxical articulation between the “political speech” which is at the public level and the “literature expression” which is at the singular level. The dissertation relies on making a comparative study considering the French female writers from one side and those of Middle-East from the other side. Therefore, we have underlined fundamental questions concerning the status and identity of the women. We have specially focuses on its challenging relation with the world of expression, creation, and innovation; more generally, with the public domain. During the critical periods of the modern history, the publications of Arab and French women, especially in the domain of wars and political conflicts, have highlighted their potentials and motivate the redefinition of their role in the oriental and occidental socio-political world. Basically, the women introduce effectively in both the political and poetical worlds modern concepts and values through the usage of linguistically tools of challenge and revolution. This implicitly seeks to liberate her from the assigned minor position in the society through the power of expression and the strength of word. Then, this leads to figure out a world under a harmonious and even mystic relation among its human beings where the differences are absorbed by the syncretism of expressions and values. Such Cultural Revolution, based on the dialog of civilizations, provides a better world liberated from the frontiers of the “difference”
Wéber, Édouard-Henri. "Les problèmes d'anthropologie dans l'Université de Paris durant la seconde moitié du treizième siècle." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100055.
Full textThe philosophical anthropology developed by the Parisian masters' of the end of the 13th century remains, since s. Augustin, holding away by the traditional dualism. The present study, by clearing up the debate of 1277, brings out the three answers till put forward concerning the intern unity of the human subject and of its intellective animation the answer of the first Siger of Brabant is developing of the Averroes' thesis about the only intellect for all human beings. Henry of Ghent’s answer is centered on the duality of the corporeal form and of the spiritual one characterized by the supremacy of the will on the intellect. The third answer which was not studied indeed because of the permanent dualism till Descartes and later, is from Thomas of Aquinas. He established, which a close reasoning an at the end of a long evolution, the unity of man and, by the fact, he constituted a new anthropology. This new anthropology is a result of the substitution of the soul and body (as a binomial antinomy) for a trinomial founded on the best greco-arabian noetical re-interpretation (above all the Averroes’ one): 1. The receptive intellect or "possible", which is the only live-giving principle or rational soul in its essence; 2. The intelligible as a principle of ontological actuation of the "possible" intellect; 3. The corporeal condition which, being in act, possesses its own intelligibility
Brayš, H̱ālid. "Dâwûd al-ʿ Anṭàkî, disciple d'Avicenne : son commentaire de la Ḳaṣîda al-ʿAyniyya." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010582.
Full textFrom times immemorial, man has tried to answer over-lasting questions about his essence, his truth, his soul, the secret of his existence and death. Dawud Al-Antaki tries to give an answer to all these questions and to some others through his commentary of Ibn Sina of the Kasida Al-Ayniyya. Though dawud is considered as one of the most famous doctors of the xv-xvi th, it is the first time that his commentary of the Kasida Al-Ayniyya constitutes the main subject matter of an academic work. In his commentary, dawud deals a variety of subjects : medecine, medication, astronomy, lingistics and soufism. In our study, we comare dawud's theses with those of others philosophers, so that the reader may clearly see the evolution of the ideas at that time and the way the soul is dealt with through the centuries
Bakouche, Abdallah. "Refondation épistémologique du patrimoine arabo-islamique (al Turāṯ) selon deux penseurs modernes Muḥammad Arkoun & Muḥammad ʿĀbid Al-Ǧābrī." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030078.
Full textMohammad Arkoun and Mohammad Abid Al-Gabri are representative of critical school of though, considered "revisionnist" (since the 1970 s. ). They agree on the fact that considerations of Arab-islamic heritage (al-Turat), must also take in account the problematic reception of modernity (western) in the Arab-islamic context. Al-Turat represents a language, a culture, an identity, a memory, sentimental attachment, a collective imagination and a world vision for contemporary Arab-muslims. As an object critical, they place it under the heading 'Islamic" (Arkoun) or Arab "reason" (Al-Gabri). In this way, they try to define the conditions of an "Arab modernity" from the approach of an epistemological redefinition of global Arab-islamic Heritage (knowledge). On limiting our study to fields of philosophy and political ethics, we have determined that the "rational" reading of Al-Gabri contrasts with the "humanist" reading of Arkoun. They, however, share the same objective to renew Arab-islamic reason (thought)
Rached, Rita. "L' identité libanaise, la langue et les valeurs." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO31022.
Full textIn this thesis, the author proposes a reflection on Lebanon, its identity and its values. In the hope of envisaging the chances of a future of a region torn for many decades by inner conflicts. The issues at stakes surpass a small multi-denominational country considered for long as model of understanding and openness on the world. Indeed, if the present striring for unity should fail, this very failure would mean the diminishment of the obility of humans to face the future. The first part of the dissertation deals with the history of lebanon. Which is necessary to understand its specific character and values. Its is question also o f the language, which is a means of mutual understanding and a unifying factor. In the second part. The methodology used to point out the main values and counter values is explained. A chart with the results obtained is included. The text books containing data representing the different composents of lebanese society make up the « corpus » of the dissertation. The method is based on most recent lexical- semantic methods for text analysis, adapted to the subject. The third part includes a commentary of the results of the study on the values found in the text books and their practical application. The conclusion gives a summary of some essential data regarding the present situation of Lebanon, to bring out some reasons for concern and/ or hope for the future