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Journal articles on the topic 'Philosophy of Language. eng'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Engberg-Pedersen, Elisabeth. "Inference from academic texts in children with autism." Pragmatics and Cognition 25, no. 2 (2018): 363–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.18011.eng.

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Abstract Children and adults with autism do worse on tests of inferences than controls. This fact has been attributed to poor language skills, a tendency to focus on detail, and poor social understanding. This study examines whether children with autism with age-appropriate language and cognitive skills have difficulties drawing inferences from academic, expository texts. Sixteen children with autism and a control group of twenty-four children were matched on language skills, nonverbal cognitive ability, and auditory and nonverbal working memory and compared on their responses to questions tha

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Millikan, Ruth Garrett. "Cutting Philosophy of Language Down to Size." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 48 (September 2001): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100010742.

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When asked to contribute to this lecture series, my first thought was to talk about philosophy of biology, a new and increasingly influential field in philosophy, surely destined to have great impact in the coming years. But when a preliminary schedule for the series was circulated, I noticed that no one was speaking on language. Given the hegemony of philosophy of language at mid-century, after ‘the linguistic turn’, this seemed to require comment. How did philosophy of language achieve such status at mid-century, and why is it losing it now? Has the Anglo-American tradition really begun to p

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HERMENEGILDO, M. V., F. BUENO, M. CARRO, et al. "An overview of Ciao and its design philosophy." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 12, no. 1-2 (2011): 219–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068411000457.

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AbstractWe provide an overall description of the Ciao multiparadigm programming system emphasizing some of the novel aspects and motivations behind its design and implementation. An important aspect of Ciao is that, in addition to supporting logic programming (and, in particular, Prolog), it provides the programmer with a large number of useful features from different programming paradigms and styles and that the use of each of these features (including those of Prolog) can be turned on and off at will for each program module. Thus, a given module may be using, e.g., higher order functions and

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Bauer, Brigitte L. M. "Language sources and the reconstruction of early languages." Diachronica 37, no. 3 (2020): 273–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.18026.bau.

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Abstract This article argues that with the original emphasis on dialectal variation, using primarily literary texts from various regions, analysis of Old French has routinely neglected social variation, providing an incomplete picture of its grammar. Accordingly, Old French has been identified as typically featuring e.g. “pro-drop”, brace constructions, and single negation. Yet examination of these features in informal texts, as opposed to the formal texts typically dealt with, demonstrates that these documents do not corroborate the picture of Old French that is commonly presented in the ling

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Puchner, Martin. "Theater, Philosophy, Pedagogy." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 2 (2016): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.2.423.

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On my first day as an undergraduate at the university of konstanz, i attended a lecture i had been particularly looking forward to: an introduction to philosophy. The professor, Jürgen Mittelstraß, began by declaring that he hoped very few of us would become professional philosophers—ideally, none. Philosophy was a kind of training that should be carried into other endeavors, not pursued as an end in itself. I got really mad. After the lecture I marched into his office and declared that I was going to be the exception. He smiled and kindly took me under his wing for the rest of my studies. But

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Machamer, Peter. "Thomas Hobbes." Hobbes Studies 27, no. 1 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750257-02701003.

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In this essay, I present an overview of Hobbes as a consistent philosopher, perhaps the most consistent in the Early Modern period. First, I sketch how his endeavors have a cogency that is unrivalled, in many ways even to this day. Section 2 outlines Hobbes’s conception of philosophy and his causal materialism. Section 3 deals briefly with Hobbes’s discussion of sensation and then presents his views on the nature and function of language and how reason depends upon language. Section 4 treats human nature, and section 5 discusses the artificial body of the Commonwealth. All of this will move ra

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Fischer, Eugen. "Austin on Sense-Data: Ordinary Language Analysis as 'Therapy'." Grazer Philosophische Studien 70, no. 1 (2006): 67–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-070001004.

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The construction and analysis of arguments supposedly are a philosopher's main business, the demonstration of truth or refutation of falsehood his principal aim. In , J.L. Austin does something entirely different: He discusses the sense-datum doctrine of perception, with the aim not of refuting it but of 'dissolving' the 'philosophical worry' it induces in its champions. To this end, he 'exposes' their 'concealed motives', without addressing their stated reasons. The paper explains where and why this at first sight outrageous aim and approach are perfectly sensible, how exactly Austin proceeds

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Schräg, Calvin O. "Rhetoric resituated at the end of philosophy." Quarterly Journal of Speech 71, no. 2 (1985): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00335638509383726.

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Ruffino, Marco. "Some Remarks about Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra’s Advice on the Language of Philosophy." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 45, no. 133 (2013): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.2013.728.

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In this paper I discuss Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra’s notes on the proper language for publishing texts in analytic philosophy. I am basically in agreement with him on the practical side, i.e., publishing in English increases the chances of philosophical exchange with other communities. I disagree, however, if one wants to read a stronger “should” in his advice, for there is nothing in the essence of analytic philosophy that ties it to the English language. Finally, I end with a caveat that his advice should not be misunderstood and degenerate into an exhortation of what I call “linguistic lazin

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Rybakova, Marina V. "Digital educational environment as a factor of foreign language competences development." Perspectives of Science and Education 49, no. 1 (2021): 232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2021.1.16.

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The modern era of digital economy lays new claims to the system of education and professional learning. Digitation of higher education reveals new prospects for using digital resources to ensure accessibility, continuity and quality of education. The purpose of our investigation is to assess the effectiveness of the use of digital educational resources by students studying foreign languages. Principal methods of our research are as follows: bibliographic method of studying regulatory documents and scientific and methodological literature; the analysis of foreign language competences, mastering

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Abu-Rabi', Ibrahim M. "Islam and the Western Philosophy of Knowledge." American Journal of Islam and Society 14, no. 1 (1997): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i1.2261.

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It is a simple truism to state that any scholar who treats such a vast topicas "Islam and the Western Philosophy of Knowledge" must be familiar withthe different domains of intellectual and philosophical discourses in bvth theMuslim and the western worlds, their epistemological bases (i.e., foundationalconceputal principles), historical evolution, and cultural expressions. Inaddition, such a scholar cannot do justice to this imponant topic without constructingan appropriate and comprehensive comparative method that mightshed some light on why there have been some important divergences betweent

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Dvorkin, I. "Jewish philosophy as a Direction of the World philosophy of Modern and Contemporary Times." RUDN Journal of Philosophy 23, no. 4 (2019): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2019-23-4-430-442.

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This article represents an analysis of the Jewish philosophy of the Modern and Contemporary as the holistic phenomenon. In contrast to antiquity and the Middle Ages, when philosophy was a rather marginal part of Jewish thought, in Modern Times Jewish philosophy is formed as a distinct part of the World philosophy. Despite the fact that representatives of Jewish philosophy wrote in different languages and actively participated in the different national schools of philosophy, their work has internal continuity and integrity. The article formulates the following five criteria for belonging to Jew

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Oliva, Mirela. "The metaphysics of language in Cusanus and Gadamer." Anuario Filosófico 49, no. 2 (2016): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/009.49.2.401-422.

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Sladecek, Michal. "Before and after the investigations: Wittgenstein on the origin and end of philosophy." Filozofija i drustvo 20, no. 2 (2009): 229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid0902229s.

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This paper points to the relation between Wittgenstein's position and Kant's transcendental dialectics with regard to the nature of philosophical problems and their roots in language, thinking and affinities of humans. Related to this, there is the question of function of philosophy which involves the removal of these problems, according to both authors. The author supports the thesis that, when it comes to Wittgenstein, it cannot be discussed about the end of philosophy if he considers that there is the natural affinity towards philosophical errors, the cause of which is the complexity of lan

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Lomasky, Loren E. "Socialism as Classical Political Philosophy." Social Philosophy and Policy 6, no. 2 (1989): 112–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500000662.

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A small puzzle: the terms ‘capitalism’ and ‘socialism’ initially present themselves as contraries, the one affirming what the other rejects. However, once removed from the dictionary, they function otherwise. The theory of capitalism is very much contained within the science of economics. The positive theory of capitalistic institutions, but also its normative superstructure, rest most easily within the language and methodology of the economist. What distinguishes the free market? It is efficient; allocation of factors of production are optimized; individuals maximize their utility; and so on.

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Moschovakis, Yiannis N. "The formal language of recursion." Journal of Symbolic Logic 54, no. 4 (1989): 1216–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022481200041086.

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This is the first of a sequence of papers in which we will develop a foundation for the theory of computation based on a precise, mathematical notion of abstract algorithm. To understand the aim of this program, one should keep in mind clearly the distinction between an algorithm and the object (typically a function) computed by that algorithm. The theory of computable functions (on the integers and on abstract structures) is obviously relevant to this work, but we will focus on making rigorous and identifying the mathematical properties of the finer (intensional) notion of algorithm.It is cha

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Paull, John. "The Library of Rudolf Steiner: The Books in English." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 9, no. 3 (2018): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v9i3.2475.

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The New Age philosopher, Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925), was the most prolific and arguably the most influential philosopher of his era. He assembled a substantial library, of approximately 9,000 items, which has been preserved intact since his death. Most of Rudolf Steinerâ€™s books are in German, his native language however there are books in other languages, including English, French, Italian, Swedish, Sanskrit and Latin. His library hosts more books in English than in any other foreign language. Steiner esteemed English as â€œa universal world languageâ€. The present paper identifies 327 book

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HENGEVELD, KEES, JAN RIJKHOFF, and ANNA SIEWIERSKA. "Parts-of-speech systems and word order." Journal of Linguistics 40, no. 3 (2004): 527–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226704002762.

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This paper argues that the word order possibilities of a language are partly determined by the parts-of-speech system of that language. In languages in which lexical items are specialized for certain functionally defined syntactic slots (e.g. the modifier slot within a noun phrase), the identifiability of these slots is ensured by the nature of the lexical items (e.g. adjectives) themselves. As a result, word order possibilities are relatively unrestricted in these languages. In languages in which lexical items are not specialized for certain syntactic slots, in that these items combine the fu

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Dagys, Jonas, and Evaldas Nekrašas. "ANALITINĖ KALBOS IR MOKSLO FILOSOFIJA LIETUVOJE." Problemos 78 (January 1, 2010): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2010.0.1353.

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Straipsnyje nagrinėjama analitinės kalbos ir mokslo filosofijos raida Lietuvoje. Konstatuojama, kad analitinė filosofija Lietuvoje pradėta plėtoti XX amžiaus aštuntajame dešimtmetyje, kai Evaldas Nekrašas ir Rolandas Pavilionis paskelbė savo pirmųjų mokslo filosofijos ir kalbos filosofijos tyrinėjimų, kuriuose remiamasi analitine tradicija, rezultatus. Straipsnyje analizuojami jų ir kitų tyrėjų, kurie rėmėsi ta pačia tradicija, pirmiausia Algirdo Degučio ir Albino Plėšnio darbai. Analitinė filosofija buvo pirmoji nemarksistinės filosofijos kryptis, pradėta plėtoti pokarinėje Lietuvoje, todėl a

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Knopf, Alexander. "Tower of Babel: transcendental linguistics in Friedrich von Hardenberg’s (Novalis) Fichte Studies." Open Research Europe 1 (April 1, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13218.1.

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This article provides a new interpretation of the linguistic aspects of Friedrich von Hardenberg’s Fichte Studies. It argues that Hardenberg was searching, among other things, for a transcendental language for philosophy. The possibility of such a language was discussed intensely among his contemporaries, such as Maimon, Niethammer, Reinhold, Weißhuhn, and Fichte. Its necessity, however, had become apparent with Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. Readers had noticed a disturbing discrepancy between the objective knowledge of transcendental philosophy—which, according to Kant, was supposed to be g

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Glasser, Theodore L., and James S. Ettema. "The language of news and the end of morality." Argumentation 8, no. 4 (1994): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00733477.

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Figueiredo, Florian Franken. "Können Zwecke als Grundlage für eine Bedeutungstheorie dienen?" Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 67, no. 5 (2019): 764–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2019-0057.

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Abstract In this paper, I discuss whether the view that understanding is the ability to relate the use of an expression to a certain purpose leads to a theory of meaning as usage. In particular, I investigate the view that a theory of meaning relies on the assumption that use is related to immanent purposes of language. I inquire whether it is possible to identify those purposes that seem essential for the use of language. Interpreting Wittgenstein, I argue that this idea relies on a misunderstanding between purposes and effects. Single purposes are not to be conceived of as essential for the

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Hołda, Małgorzata. "The Poetic Bliss of the Re-described Reality: Wallace Stevens: Poetry, Philosophy, and the Figurative Language." Text Matters, no. 10 (November 24, 2020): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-2931.10.23.

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The article addresses the issue of the intimate but troublesome liaison between philosophy and literature—referred to in scholarship as “the ancient quarrel between poets and philosophers.” Its aim is double-fold. First, it traces the interweaving paths of philosophical and literary discourse on the example of Wallace Stevens’s oeuvre. It demonstrates that this great American modernist advocates a clear distinction between poetry and philosophy on the one hand, but draws on and dramatizes philosophical ideas in his poems on the other. The vexing character of his poetic works exemplifies the co

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LEBOVITZ, ADAM. "THE BATTLEFIELD OF METAPHYSICS:PERPETUAL PEACEREVISITED." Modern Intellectual History 13, no. 2 (2014): 327–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244314000651.

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Basic questions about Kant's international theory remain unresolved, in part because the ambiguous language and sketchy blueprints given inPerpetual Peacelend themselves to a wide variety of interpretations. This essay proposes a novel solution for this difficulty: a careful reconsideration of the political concepts embedded in Kant's first philosophy. In the First Critique, the “Conflict of the Faculties,” and in particular his neglected essay “Perpetual Peace in Philosophy,” Kant repeatedly draws on the language of sovereignty, war, and international law, in order to describe how the critica

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Maftoon, Parviz, and Masumeh Taie. "Language Curriculum Planning for the Third Millennium: A Future Perspective." International Journal of English Linguistics 6, no. 4 (2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n4p41.

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<p>The evolution of language knowledge continues, as does the inquisitive nature of human beings. But the explosive growth of knowledge in the third millennium seems to herald a new era in language teaching. Deepened insights into philosophy have betrayed the poverty of structuralism to account for language learning. The shift from structuralism to poststructuralism has brought about inevitable, though controversial, trends, e.g., the World Englishes and standards movements. Media proliferation of the “mass-age” (McLuhan &amp; Fiore, 2001) of the globalized era has led to a context w

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MacBride, Fraser. "Analytic Philosophy and its Synoptic Commission: Towards the Epistemic End of Days." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 74 (June 30, 2014): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246114000095.

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AbstractThere is no such thing as ‘analytic philosophy’, conceived as a special discipline with its own distinctive subject matter or peculiar method. But there is an analytic task for philosophy that distinguishes it from other reflective pursuits, a global or synoptic commission: to establish whether the final outputs of other disciplines and common sense can be fused into a single periscopic vision of the Universe. And there is the hard-won insight that thought and language aren't transparent but stand in need of analysis – a recent variation upon the abiding philosophical theme that we nee

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Vesnić, Snežana. "The philosophical platform of the architect: Why philosophers make such good drawings?" SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 9, no. 3 (2017): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1703201v.

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Theoretical interpretations and attempts at instrumentalisation of the ties and exchanges between philosophy and architecture have mostly been directed at questions of language or the institutionalisation of the discipline of architecture. In this text, I suggest a different approach to philosophical engagement in architecture: a simultaneous use in the methodology of the architectural project and constitution of a philosophy of architecture, not only as a question of interdisciplinary exchange, but as an integral part of comprehensive architectural processes, with philosophy still maintaining

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Schmidt, Dennis. "On the Incalculable: Language and Freedom from a Hermeneutic Point of View." Research in Phenomenology 34, no. 1 (2004): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569164042404572.

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In his celebrated "Letter on Humanism," Heidegger spoke of the need for an "original ethics" which did not submit itself to the ideal of something like a "subject" or the "human," two notions that he suggested were no longer serviceable for the task of thinking the problems of ethical life. The purpose of this article is to look at how Gadamer's hermeneutics might offer an avenue for developing this original ethics. To this end, Gadamer's discussion of language, in particular the relation of language and freedom, serves as the guideline for unpacking this claim.

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Miller, D. Gary. "Where do conjugated infinitives come from?" Diachronica 20, no. 1 (2003): 45–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.20.1.05mil.

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Although conjugated infinitives (CIs) occur in languages as diverse as Portuguese, Welsh, Hungarian, and West Greenlandic, the prototypical infinitive is nonfinite in the traditional sense: it has no subject person agreement. This paper argues that CIs are special in the sense that they cannot arise spontaneously in the course of language acquisition. Even in languages with obligatory agreement, CIs require salient triggers. Two common sources are identified: (1) purposive subjunctives; (2) pronominal elements (e.g., construed with a nominalization). These sources require one of two kinds of r

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Horsthemke, Kai. "Thinking without Heidegger?" Forum Pedagogiczne 9, no. 1 (2019): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/fp.2019.1.17.

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There has been a resurgence of Martin Heidegger’s ideas in recent years, especially within English-language philosophy of education. Yet, there have also been other developments that deserve to be taken seriously, first and foremost the indication that his anti-Semitism informs not only his personal beliefs and political stance but is already rooted in his philosophy, notably his ontology. It is these developments and the context of Heidegger’s philosophy that are examined first, before I return to the purported significance of his ideas for education towards the end of this essay.

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Sansò, Andrea. "Where do antipassive constructions come from?" Diachronica 34, no. 2 (2017): 175–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.34.2.02san.

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Abstract The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the main sources of antipassive constructions based on a 120-language sample. The sample includes the 48 languages with an antipassive in the WALS (Polinsky 2013) + 72 further languages in which an antipassive or a functionally equivalent construction is attested (e.g., deobjective constructions, unspecified object constructions, etc.). The diachronic sources of antipassives are identified drawing on two kinds of evidence: (i) etymological reconstructions based on the comparative method; (ii) synchronic resemblance between (some fea

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Gałuskina, Ksenia, and Joanna Sycz. "LATIN MAXIMS AND PHRASES IN THE POLISH, ENGLISH AND FRENCH LEGAL SYSTEMS – THE COMPARATIVE STUDY." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 34, no. 1 (2013): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0020.

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Abstract The aim of this research paper is to examine Latin in the context of legal translation between the Polish, English and French languages. Latin ap- pears in contemporary legal discourse in the form of maxims, short phrases and terms. Even though it constitutes an integral element of legal drafting, Latin often attracts little attention from legal translators. It is falsely assumed that Latin elements of the text do not require translation due to several miscon- ceptions related to the Latin language. Firstly, Latin is generally perceived as a global language with no local variations in

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Hashim, Rosnani. "Secularism and Spirituality." American Journal of Islam and Society 24, no. 3 (2007): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v24i3.1531.

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This compilation provides a systematic overview of the development andchallenges of Islamic education in Singapore. After the introduction by NoorAishah and Lai Ah Eng, Chee Min Fui focuses on the historical evolution ofmadrasah education (chapter 1) and Mukhlis Abu Bakar highlights the tensionbetween the state’s interest and the citizens’ right to an Islamic education(chapter 2). In chapter 3, Noor Aishah elaborates on the fundamental problemof the madrasah’s attempt to lay the educational foundation of both traditionaland rational sciences. Azhar Ibrahim surveys madrasah reforms inIndonesia,

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Seamon, David. "“Seeing the World with Fresh Eyes”." Religion and the Arts 21, no. 1-2 (2017): 150–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685292-02101006.

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In this article, I draw on Gurdjieff’s philosophy to initiate a phenomenology of aesthetic experience, which I define as any intense emotional engagement that one feels in encountering or creating an artistic work, whether a painting, poem, song, dance, sculpture, or something else. To consider how aesthetic experience might be understood in a Gurdjieffian framework, I begin with an overview of phenomenology, emphasizing the phenomenological concepts of lifeworld and natural attitude, about which Gurdjieff said much, though not using phenomenological language. I then discuss Gurdjieff’s “psych

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Khan, Amir. "End Times According to Stanley Cavell." Conversations: The Journal of Cavellian Studies, no. 5 (February 27, 2018): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/cjcs.v0i5.2420.

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Unintelligibility. Madness. Death. These are strange and ominous words to lead any essay, but the words themselves are not so strange to philosophy, and certainly not to anyone with an ear for Stanley Cavell’s voice. Then certainly philosophy uses them in a strange way, or, say, in unconventional ways. To assume these words mean what they “ordinarily” do (when reading Cavell) is to put on a presumption of drama that is not only uncalled for, but romantically irritating. When Cavell says unintelligibility, he doesn’t really mean unintelligible; when he says madness, he cannot possibly mean madn

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KOONTZ-GARBODEN, ANDREW. "Aspectual coercion and the typology of change of state predicates." Journal of Linguistics 43, no. 1 (2007): 115–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226706004464.

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The point of departure of this paper is the consideration of how words with the meanings of property concept states (states that are lexicalized as adjectives in languages that have that lexical category, cf. Dixon 1982), e.g. ‘red’, are related to words denoting their corresponding change of state, e.g. ‘redden’. It is shown that while many languages relate words with these meanings to one another via some morpholexical process, this is not so in the Polynesian language Tongan. A detailed case study shows that in this language there are no non-causative change of state lexemes based on proper

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Crocker, James. "Robert Jenson and Contemporary Metaphysics." Journal of Analytic Theology 4 (May 6, 2016): 332–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12978/jat.2016-4.090018021717a.

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The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that, if we pursue an approach to metaphysics widespread in contemporary philosophy that moves from the study of language to ontology, but do not remove religious claims from the language deemed appropriate for the task, we end up with an approach to metaphysics which is remarkably similar to the kind of theological method which Robert Jenson has advocated for much of his career.

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Kang, Young Ahn. "“First Korean Philosophers” on Philosophy." Diogenes 62, no. 2 (2015): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0392192117703051.

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Philosophy as an academic discipline was introduced to Korea at the end of the 19th century. Philosophical education and professional research did not begin, however, until the 1920s. The first institution in which Koreans could study philosophy as a major at college level was Keijō Imperial University, which was founded by the Japanese in 1924 in Seoul, Korea. The first graduates from this school produced their research in Korean and contributed to the settlement of philosophy on the Korean peninsula. They were joined by Koreans who had returned from study in Austria, Germany, France, and the

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Bacon, Andrew. "Logical Combinatorialism." Philosophical Review 129, no. 4 (2020): 537–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-8540944.

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In explaining the notion of a fundamental property or relation, metaphysicians will often draw an analogy with languages. The fundamental properties and relations stand to reality as the primitive predicates and relations stand to a language: the smallest set of vocabulary God would need in order to write the “book of the world.” This paper attempts to make good on this metaphor. To that end, a modality is introduced that, put informally, stands to propositions as logical truth stands to sentences. The resulting theory, formulated in higher-order logic, also vindicates the Humean idea that fun

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Kull, Kalevi. "Biosemiotics and the problem of intrinsic value of nature." Sign Systems Studies 29, no. 1 (2001): 354–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2001.29.1.22.

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This article poses the hypothesis that the problem of the intrinsic value of nature that stems from the work of G. E. Moore and is widely discussed in environmental philosophy, bas a parallel in a contemporary discussion in semiotics on the existence of semiosis in nature. From a semiotic point of view. value can be defined as an intentional dimension of sign. This is concordant with a biological interpretation of value that relates to biological needs. Thus. a semiotic approach in biology may provide a useful tool for further analysis of the intrinsic value problem in the biological realm. Fr

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Pentland, David H. "Initial *S > N in Arapaho-Atsina." Diachronica 15, no. 2 (1998): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.15.2.05pen.

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SUMMARY In Arapaho and Atsina, two closely related Algonquian languages spoken on the Great Plains of North America, almost all Proto-Algonquian phonemes have undergone significant shifts. Normally, *s becomes h, but Ives Goddard contended that in word-initial position *s becomes n, although he could cite only two examples. Since the change is phonetically unlikely and so sparsely attested, its status as a product of regular sound change has been questioned. However, this paper presents twelve different initial elements with Arapaho-Atsina n from Proto-Algonquian *s to show that it is in fact

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Cisney, Vernon W. "Metaphor, Metamorphosis and Meaning: ‘All the Possibilities of Language’ in Difference and Repetition." Deleuze and Guattari Studies 14, no. 1 (2020): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dlgs.2020.0391.

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In this paper I explore two distinct but related emphases in Deleuze's later philosophy, both on his own and in collaboration with Félix Guattari, having to do with literature. The first is the emphasis on the work of literature as an assemblage whereby the author constructs lines of flight in the pursuit of self-experimentation and self-transformation. The second is the rejection of metaphor across Deleuze's work. I use Difference and Repetition to chart the origins of these emphases, by unpacking the metaphysics of language contained in Difference and Repetition. I first recount the basic st

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Takekoshi, Takashi. "Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty." Histoire Epistémologie Langage 41, no. 1 (2019): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/hel/2019004.

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In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack

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Rodríguez Tirado, Álvaro. "Seguir una regla: tres interpretaciones." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 18, no. 53 (1986): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1986.605.

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It is my contention that the profundity of Wittgenstein’s discussion of the problem of following a rule has not yet been fully appreciated in our philosophical environment. This is, to say the least, rather surprising, given its multitudinous connections with many other philosophical problems of the first order, especially, in the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind and philosophical logic. Saul Kripke’s latest contribution to philosophy has been a book whose title, Wittgenstein: On Rules and Private Language, deals precisely with these issues. Kripke’s discussion, brilliant and

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Dungey, Nicholas. "Thomas Hobbes's Materialism, Language, and the Possibility of Politics." Review of Politics 70, no. 2 (2008): 190–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670508000302.

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AbstractThomas Hobbes sought a reconstruction of philosophy, ethics, and politics that would end, once and for all, the bitter disputes that led to the English Civil War. This reconstruction begins with the first principles of matter and motion and extends to a unique account of consent and political obligation. Hobbes intended to produce a unified philosophical system linking his materialist account of human nature to his moral and political theory. However, his materialism gives rise to a set of perceptions, imagination, and desires that contribute to the chaos of the state of nature. The so

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Андрієнко, Тетяна. "Стратегії архаїзації та модернізації у перекладі художніх текстів XVI–XVII століть". East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 3, № 2 (2016): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2016.3.2.and.

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У статті проаналізовано стратегії відтворення часової дистанції в перекладі класичних текстів шекспірівських часів. Стратегії архаїзації, модернізації і нейтралізації часової дистанції досліджено на мовно-стилістичному, когнітивному і прагматичному рівнях. Стратегія архаїзації полягає у створенні образу минулої епохи через уживання архаїчних лексем і граматичних форм, буквальне відтворення когнітивних сценаріїв і прагматичних формул. Модернізація полягає у створенні образу сучасності як частини хронотопу інтегративно-текстового мегаконцепту перекладу, завдяки підбору сучасних відповідників, ін

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Eijk, Juul. "Mapping in Manchu: The Development of Usage of the Manchu Script and Language on Qing Imperial Mapping Projects." East Asian Science, Technology, and Medicine 51-52, no. 1 (2020): 137–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26669323-05105201009.

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The Qing Overview Maps of the Imperial Territories are heterogeneous in nature: from the production process and production techniques to the different languages and scripts in the finished works, each complete edition is different from the others. This article focuses on the heterogeneity found in the usage of the Manchu language, which functions as the descriptive language of the Outer parts of the empire in all editions of the Overview Maps. After the transcriptions of toponyms, synonymous head addition occurs; e.g. in the Manchu transcription hvwang ho bira (Yellow River), both the Chinese

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Verbin, N. "Wittgenstein and Maimonides on God and the Limits of Language." European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 3, no. 2 (2011): 323–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.v3i2.399.

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The purpose of this paper is to bring together two thinkers that are concerned with the limits of what can be said, Wittgenstein and Maimonides, and to explore the sense of the good life and of the mystical to which their therapeutic linguistic work gives rise. I argue that despite the similarities, two different senses of the “mystical” are brought to light and two different “forms of life” are explicated and recommended. The paper has three parts. In the first part, I discuss certain key components in Wittgenstein’s early philosophy and the sense of the mystical to which they give rise. In t

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Seifart, Frank. "The principle of morphosyntactic subsystem integrity in language contact." Diachronica 29, no. 4 (2012): 471–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.29.4.03sei.

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This paper describes a case of non-lexical borrowing in the Northwest Amazonian language Resígaro (Arawakan), which has borrowed from the unrelated Bora language entire paradigms of noun class, gender, and number markers, as well as associated bound grammatical roots, while all other morphosyntactic subsystems of Resígaro are virtually unaffected. To account for this case of massive morphological borrowing (and others that have previously been described), this paper proposes the Principle of Morphosyntactic Subsystem Integrity (PMSI), which predicts that in situations where various grammatical

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Łuczak, Aleksandra. "ELP Teachers as Researchers. On the Benefits of Conducting Needs Analysis." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 53, no. 1 (2018): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2018-0010.

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Abstract The fact that students’ target language needs (TLN) analysis is conducted for the benefits of the students is obvious. However, in the tertiary level context the TLN analysis is usually neglected and replaced with the use of the ready-made curricula (e.g. corresponding to the content of the course books used or syllabi of the examinations taken at the end of the course). The question which inspired the research undertaken for this paper was whether, and if so how, the very fact of conducting the TLN analysis affects teachers’ professional development. Namely, whether teachers choose t

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