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1
Brown, Paul. "Phoenix Area Turf Water Management Information." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144816.
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2 pp.Phoenix area turf managers now have access to FREE turf water use information via fax, email or the Internet. This free service is provided by the Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) which generates turf water use estimates using data collected from a network of automated weather stations located in the Phoenix area. Signing up for this free service is very easy. This publication provides the details you need to sign up for this free turf water use information service in the Phoenix area.
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Brown, Paul. "Turfgrass Consumptive Use Values for the Phoenix Area." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144818.
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Regli, Philip Warner. "Residential demand for water in the Phoenix metropolitan area." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_160_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Peacock, Bruce E. "The Benefits of Groundwater Overdraft Reduction in the Phoenix Active Management Area." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296449.
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From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
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Evans, Mark Ellis 1958. "Agricultural groundwater conservation programs in the Phoenix Active Management Area: An economic assessment." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277961.
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The Arizona Groundwater Management Act (GMA) restricts the quantity of groundwater which farmers may use annually. The act also requires that a withdrawal fee be paid for each acre-foot of groundwater used. The impact of these policies on agricultural income and groundwater use in the Phoenix Active Management Area is estimated. A linear programming model is used to simulate the typical farm's response to GMA policy over the period from 1990 to 2025. The impacts of two possible revisions of GMA policy are also considered. One simulation estimates the impacts resulting from the elimination of urban conservation programs. A second scenario considers elimination of agricultural conservation measures. Results indicate that the GMA agricultural conservation program will generate only small changes in income and groundwater use.
6
Zhang, Wenwen. "The effect of compact development on travel behavior, energy consumption and GHG emissions in Phoenix metropolitan area." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47703.
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Suburban growth in the U.S. urban regions has been defined by large subdivisions of single-family detached units. This growth is made possible by the mobility supported by automobiles and an extensive highway network. These dispersed and highly automobile-dependent developments have generated a large body of work examining the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of suburban growth on cities. The particular debate that this study addresses is whether suburban residents are more energy intensive in their travel behavior than central city residents. If indeed suburban residents have needs that are not satisfied by the amenities around them, they may be traveling farther to access such services. However, if suburbs are becoming like cities with a wide range of services and amenities, travel might be contained and no different from the travel behavior of residents in central areas.
This paper will compare the effects of long term suburban growth on travel behavior, energy consumption, and GHG emissions through a case study of neighborhoods in central Phoenix and the city of Gilbert, both in the Phoenix metropolitan region. Motorized travel patterns in these study areas will be generated using 2001 and 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data by developing a four-step transportation demand model in TransCAD. Energy consumption and GHG emissions, including both Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) and Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) for each study area will be estimated based on the corresponding trip distribution results. The final normalized outcomes will not only be compared spatially between Phoenix and Gilbert within the same year, but also temporally between years 2001 and 2009 to determine how the differential land use changes in those places influenced travel.
The results from this study reveal that suburban growth does have an impact on people's travel behaviors. As suburbs grew and diversified, the difference in travel behavior between people living in suburban and urban areas became smaller. In the case of shopping trips the average length of trips for suburban residents in 2009 was slightly shorter than that for central city residents. This convergence was substantially due to the faster growth in trip lengths for central city compared to suburban residents in the 8-year period. However, suburban residents continue to be more energy intensive in their travel behavior, as the effect of reduction in trip length is likely to be offset by the more intensive growth in trip frequency. Additionally, overall energy consumption has grown significantly in both study areas over the period of study.
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Rakhimova, Nelya Verfasser], Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Müller, David K. [Gutachter] Pijawka, and Bernhard [Gutachter] Köppen. "Social Resilience and Adaptation in Urban Areas of the United States Facing Financially Insecure Aging : Case Study of Phoenix Metropolitan Area / Nelya Rakhimova ; Gutachter: Bernhard Müller, David K. Pijawka, Bernhard Köppen ; Betreuer: Bernhard Müller." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133109233/34.
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Rakhimova, Nelya [Verfasser], Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller, David K. [Gutachter] Pijawka, and Bernhard [Gutachter] Köppen. "Social Resilience and Adaptation in Urban Areas of the United States Facing Financially Insecure Aging : Case Study of Phoenix Metropolitan Area / Nelya Rakhimova ; Gutachter: Bernhard Müller, David K. Pijawka, Bernhard Köppen ; Betreuer: Bernhard Müller." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133109233/34.
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Meekijjaroenroj, Aroonrat. "Intéractions palmiers (Arecaceae) / pollinisateurs : cas de deux espèces de palmiers Calamus castaneus, Phoenix canariensis et chimie des parfums floraux." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20078.
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Burnett, Greg. "Nutrition in Phoenix Metropolitan Area Homeless Youth." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/170531.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.Homeless youth are a large, poorly characterized population of the United States [1, 2]. Though over seven percent of American youth aged twelve to seventeen years experienced homelessness last year, there is a paucity of data regarding their general condition and health status. This study was undertaken to describe the adequacy of nutritional intake of homeless youth in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Interviews were conducted with 71 homeless youth aged 16 to 21 years (44 male, 27 female) who were recruited from homeless youth drop-in centers and outdoor public areas. A standardized 24 hour dietary recall was utilized during the interview to gather nutritional data, which was analyzed against Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). Overall results demonstrated a slight excess of caloric and macronutrient intakes; though intakes of several micronutrients were deficient. Over one third of participants consumed less than 50% of the DRI for folate, calcium and zinc; 42% consumed under 50% of the DRI for vitamin C, and 63% consumed under 50% of the DRI for vitamin A. Upon further analysis, statistically significant difference in iron intake was found between male and female participants. Statistically significant difference in fat, iron, and zinc intake was also found between participants recruited from differing locations. In comparison to 2007-2008 data reported in the WWEIA/ NHANES study, participants in this study consumed more calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fat [3]. Participants from both studies consumed insufficient vitamin A quantities; female participants from both studies consumed insufficient calcium. Interstingly, mean iron intake was low for female WWEIA/ NHANES data, but at DRI for study participants. Further surveys of a larger number of participants may be warranted, especially considering the significant skew and non-normal distribution of the nutritional intake data from this study. This study does find inadequate micronutrient intake in homeless despite the fact that they are consuming more than enough macronutrients (calories, protein, carbohydrates, fat). These inadequacies could potentially contribute to poorer health in these youth.
11
"UA Maps Aid Environmental Studies of West Phoenix Area." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295646.
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Bailey, David Eric. "The origins of Phoenix, 1957-1976 : the Durban City Council and the Indian housing question." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6448.
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The period between the nineteen fifties and the seventies in South Africa witnessed the emergence of a central state housing policy incorporating large scale mass housing for Black people in delineated Group Areas based on segregated racial zoning policies originally initiated in Durban. During this period the local state in Durban began to exercise the responsibility assigned to it since 1920 by providing the previously neglected housing for
Coloureds and Indians. As a case-study detailing the origins of the Indian township of Phoenix this study explores how power is exercised at the local level. It focuses on local representation and accounts for the growth in bureaucratic power and subsequent decline of the City Council regarding matters of housing in Durban. The study argues that in order to conceptualise the 'local state' and its 'relative autonomy' from the central state it is necessary to analyse local social relations. As such the study
focusses on the power relations existing between the City Council and the bureaucracy; the City Council and the Indian community; and the bureaucracy and The Natal Estates Ltd. Data have been drawn from primary sources including municipal records and oral interviews, and from secondary sources which have provided the historical context for the study.
The relationship between the City Council and the bureaucracy has been found to have been dominated not only by the technical expertise and resources of the bureaucracy, but also by the intervention of powerful personalities holding senior positions within the bureaucracy. Both the City Council and the bureaucracy proved to have been instrumental in ensuring that opposing demands from the various sectors of the Indian community did not interfere with their plans for housing at Phoenix. In the same
manner, the bureaucracy's determination to maintain control over housing and ensure the reproduction of urban labour power led to the cooperation of the local, regional and central state levels, which forced Natal Estates into protracted land negotiations where the Company was finally pressurised into selling under threat of central state expropriation.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1987.
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Dayaram, Harjiwan. "An enquiry into the management of induction and mentoring in an urban secondary school in Phoenix, north Durban region, Kwazulu Natal Department of Education and Culture." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1758.
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The broad theme of this investigation is Human Resource Management (HRM) in
education. It has been widely publicised both in the media and other areas that the
salary bill for state paid educators represents the major area of expenditure. More than
ninety percent of the education budget in the KwaZulu Natal Department of Education
and Culture is spent on the salary bill. It therefore becomes necessary to ensure that
newly appointed educators and those appointed into promotion posts who are earning
these salaries do justice in their jobs and produce the goods. School management teams
have to ensure that these newcomers settle into their new jobs as quickly and
effectively as possible. A newcomer into the teaching profession will have to cope with
increasingly complex situations such as heterogeneous pupil population, teacher
rationalisation, new curricula, teacher redeployment and increased pupil/teacher ratios.
It is therefore important that educators, who are the most expensive asset in the school,
are managed effectively.
The first few days on the plant is considered to be important in any profession, as this
will determine whether the employee will continue to provide his/her service or resign.
With education as well, the induction of educators has to be managed by the school as
quickly as possible to enable and to empower the inductee in becoming an effective
educator. While some aspects of induction and mentoring are instituted in an informal
way at the school under investigation, many other areas are sorely neglected. The p
management of people in South African schools is circumscribed through legislation J*
and regulation. The professional development of educators therefore rests with
management and must be in line with legislation prescribed in government gazettes.
However not much attention is being given to induction and mentoring programmes
which focus on utilising and empowering the human capital (staff members) at the
school. The challenge for school level management is to come to terms with what it
means to manage the performance and productivity of people in ways, which meets the
aspirations of the people and the needs of the organisation.
This project has attempted to investigate the management of induction and mentoring
at a school in Phoenix, north of Durban. It has been found that no formal programmes p
on induction and mentoring exist at the school. It is therefore recommended that
management together with, and in consultation with staff members, draw up and
implement a policy on induction and mentoring. This will ensure that with guidance
and training (induction and mentoring), new human resources will be best utilised to
suit the needs of the school.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
14
羅偉嘉. "Moral revivalistic Belief of the Phoenix Halls in Hou-dui Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92546887717422898478.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
客家文化研究所
102
In this paper, Phoenix Hall of Hou-dui Area in Pingtung County was the scope where the study was made, which had core focus on the moral revivalistic of belief in Phoenix Hall. In the past, research made on Phoenix Hall had focus on its distribution and origin, organization and analysis of benevolence books and Phoenix books and research made on regional Phoenix Hall. As far as research made on regional Phoenix Hall is concerned, those for Liu Dui (六堆) Hakka area were relatively fewer; In this study, fieldwork, in-depth interviews and field observations were used as research methods in the discussions. Hou-dui area is located in the center of Liu Dui (六堆) Hakka area; the spread of Phoenix Hall’s Belief was subject to Xinhua Church (新化堂) headed by a Shaman, Huang, Yi-Fu (黃宜福), visiting various Hakka communities. Phoenix Hall is set with a function to deliver sermon on behalf of the God; with presentation of Phoenix Books, moral behaviors such as persuading goodness, execution of piety and alternation of evil, as well as implications behind moral revivalistic displayed in the Flying Phoenix rituals were discussed. In this study, with use of interviews with Phoenix followers of each church, it was acknowledged how were they involved with in the early period and middle period (the Republic of China Year 34 to 80), and with their investment and participation, we may have better understanding of how these Phoenix followers persist their moral revivalistic. Until we compared how they attended with the late period (Republic of China Year 81 to 104), seeing if they had any change made on the job of such delivery of sermon on behalf of the God in Phoenix Hall’s belief due to factors including but not limited to elapse of time, dying and participation. Indicated from the survey, Phoenix followers in the late period had more and more focus on chanting and troubleshooting for believers, while manner of persuading goodness by preaching declined; however, Phoenix followers were still willing to give contribution to Phoenix Hall. With embodiment by the Head of Phoenix Hall in person, driving other followers to be involved with, Phoenix Hall’s belief would not be formalized and ritualized. Therefore, the moral revivalistic of Phoenix Hall’s belief is not only an ideal, but also an action.
15
Biputh, Barathwanth. "Conflict resolution in secondary schools in the Phoenix area : management training strategies." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1929.
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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Technology: Education (Management), Technikon Natal, 2000.This study focused on conflict resolution in multi-racial , co-educational schools in the Phoenix region and the development of strategies for the training of management and staff to resolve conflict. It has been observed that principals in the Phoenix region frequently seek the intervention of third party adjudicators to resolve conflicts experienced at schools . This often prevents the timeous and expeditious resolution of conflicts . The inability to resolve conflict judiciously impinges on job satisfaction, productivity and human relationships in schools. A literature survey of conflict revealed that conflict in organisations is endemic and inevitable . Conflicts at work, when dealt with systematically , can have positive rather than destructive effects. It is the writer's belief that conflict can be reduced or eliminated if there is a conflict resolution programme in schools which is designed to train both management and staff in conflict resolution. The writer provided a theoretical understanding of conflict through an analysis of the underlying dynamics of conflict , the effects of organisational conflict and the conflict process. The various levels and areas of conflict in schools were examined. The research examined three approaches to conflict management , evaluated the various conflict handling styles and applied these strategies to conflict situations experienced at schools.
M
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Govender, Devageeranee. "Administration of social pensions and grants for Indians in the Phoenix regional area." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10106.
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Chang, Yu-chih, and 張有志. "The Phoenix Halls in the Period of Japanese Ruling in Area of Kaoshiung." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36323276052418684374.
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碩士國立臺南大學
台灣文化研究所
95
The purpose of the study was to explore the history of the Phoenix halls in the period of Japanese ruling in area of Kaoshiung(高雄). From the abundant materials, such as books supported by every Phoenix hall, inscription on a tablet, brief introduction and periodicals issues, the history of development of Phoenix halls and the faith intension of halls could be probed. By means of interviews with people in Phoenix halls, the omission and doubtful points appeared in the materials could be filled and distinguished. The backgrounds of Phoenix books and phenomenon and situation in the society at that time could be understood via the local newspaper-- “Everyday News of Taiwan.”(臺灣日日新報). The dawn of Phoenix halls in the period of Japanese ruling in area of Kaoshiung was Ciming(啟明) hall in 1899. After that, four halls named Sioushan(修善), Yicheng(意誠), Shanhua(善化), and Jingwu(警悟) were set up gradually. The five Phoenix halls were significantly connected with the sports of giving up smoking then. Also, these halls are highly interacted. In addition, as shown in Phoenix books, they had close relations with the Phoenix halls in area of Tainan, too. In 1926, many halls were founded to preach good will. Hakkas’ Phoenix halls were also expanded and established independently. They were clearly diffusive. Besides, the special skills of dang-gi/ki-tong(童乩) in Phoenix halls came from the area of Sinjhu(新竹) and Miaoli(苗栗). In the study, fairly high communality was found between Phoenix halls from the southern part of Fukien Province and those form Hakka in many aspects, such as creeds, mythology, forms of the hall, hall organization and social stratum, principles about entering the hall, supports of the hall, and preaching good will. However, the two types of Phoenix halls retained the differences from the common in ways of gods of faith, sacred ceremony, women in the halls, and standards about entering the halls. Finally, via the newspapers in the period of Japanese ruling, it could be seen that many serious social problems such as drinking, whoring, gambling, and misjudgment by quacks emerged in an endless stream. Standing on the ground of concern, Phoenix halls continually published books teaching and reminding people to quit bad habits. In the meanwhile, Phoenix halls strongly denounced superstitions, blindness, and darkness. Also, they asserted to release souls from purgatory. The pity on the whole society exactly came from the thoughts of saving and was exteriorized into practice and concrete concern. In short, the common features and characteristics of Phoenix halls were mainly demonstrated and the diversity was also presented in the study. It is hoped that the section of blanks of the development history of Phoenix halls in area of Kaoshiung since the period of Japanese ruling could be filled up through the study.
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Chiu, Yen-Chou, and 邱延洲. "A Study of Eleven Phoenix–Halls in Fongshan Area and their Social Networks." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q7mx5j.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
台灣歷史文化及語言研究所
102
This thesis deals with the origins and development of the Phoenix-Hall faith in Fongshan area. Also, it focuses on the formation and interactive patterns of this social network among these halls. I grew up in a family following the Phoenix-Hall faith and I am a member of the faith now. Therefore I have more opportunities to contact with the Phoenix-Hall faith and choose this topic. The Phoenix-Hall System in Fongshan area began in the late Japanese rule with two main systems. The first "Wu Jia Xie Shan Hall" was established in 1917; the other was the"Jing Xin Association Ju Shan Hall", which was established in 1927, the former was a branch of the "Zuo Ying Qi Ming Hall" ; while the latter came out of the system of "Qi Jin Xiu Shan Hall". From 1940 to 1960, the Phoenix-Hall faith in Fongshan area became more popular. Nine Phoenix-Halls were added：including Ci Cheng, Ling Shan, Cih Shan, Le Shan, Ming Shan, Ci Shan, Yang Ling, Si Shan and Wan Shan. All of these halls aparted from Ju Shan except Ci Cheng and Yang Ling. I observe the Phoenix-Hall faith in Fongshan area through interactive relationships among them. I suppose the chain system was set up by the group of people who initiated it. The Fongshan area was also a very important arena for the integration of the Phoenix-Halls network through the whole island. In 1961, the virtue book of Ming-Dao was written by "Ling Shan Hall," with the assistance of the other Phoenix-Halls, and was published in 1962. Meanwhile, the "Feng Yi Confucianism United Temple " was also established. In the late 1990s, the government combined the "Feng Yi Confucianism United Temple" in Kaohsiung and the "Holy Religion of God’s Association" in central Taiwan. A new organization: the "Chinese Current Confucian Association" was thus registered. In the early stages, the spaces of the Halls in Fongshan area were located in community temples. Therefore, multiple interactions between them were exercised.To futher understand the motivations of these interactions, I will discuss the organization behavior, religious ceremonies, and the religious rituals of the virtue book release. These rituals reflected on both the values of ethical issues and the religious belief about the gods among the Han people. "Escape from the catastrophe" is a core value of the Phoenix-Halls. Believers participate in the rituals and attempt to save the decaying society. The most important religious thought is to follow the words of virtue book. Most believers recognize that the Phoenix-Hall is an educational place. This concept of "Benefactor" comes from the idea of thinking God as the best teacher. In Fongshan area, the main benefactors include Guan Yu, Lu Dong Bin, and Li Bai, although different halls vary to some extent. From the above description, both the local Han Chinese Temple and the Phoenix-Hall had intense interactions. In these interactions, the social network was established through Phoenix-Halls’ religious rituals. This resulted in the popularity of the Phoenix-Hall in Fongshan area, and the varying situations of many local community temples. Local people were given many opportunities to contact the Phoenix-Hall rituals, and thus became the people’s top choice of attending religious rituals. In the theoretical dimension, I will use the concept of "gift" raised by an anthropologist Marcel Mauss to the discussion of the Phoenix-Hall rituals. Based on my observation the Phoenix-Hall rituals, I conclude that "Debt of Gratitude" is a core value hidden in the exchange relationship among these halls. In conclusion, I conclude that the exploration of the Phoenix-Halls in Fongshan area was not only about the interactions among these religious groups, but also on the social and cultural impacts with the community temples.
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"Plant Migration along Freeways In and Around an Arid Urban Area: Phoenix, Arizona." Doctoral diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.8816.
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abstract: General ecological thought pertaining to plant biology, conservation, and urban areas has rested on two potentially contradictory underlying assumptions. The first is that non-native plants can spread easily from human developments to “pristine” areas. The second is that native plants cannot disperse through developed areas. Both assume anthropogenic changes to ecosystems create conditions that favor non-native plants and hinder native species. However, it is just as likely that anthropogenic alterations of habitats will favor certain groups of plant species with similar functional traits, whether native or not. Migration of plants can be divided into the following stages: dispersal, germination, establishment, reproduction and spread. Functional traits of species determine which are most successful at each of the stages of invasion or range enlargement. I studied the traits that allow both native and non-native plant species to disperse into freeway corridors, germinate, establish, reproduce, and then disperse along those corridors in Phoenix, Arizona. Field methods included seed bank sample collection and germination, vegetation surveys, and seed trapping. I also evaluated concentrations of plant-available nitrate as a result of localized nitrogen deposition. While many plant species found on the roadsides are either landscape varieties or typical weedy species, some uncommon native species and unexpected non-native species were also encountered. Maintenance regimes greatly influence the amount of vegetative cover and species composition along roadsides. Understanding which traits permit success at various stages of the invasion process indicates whether it is native, non-native, or species with particular traits that are likely to move through the city and establish in the desert. In a related case study conducted in Victoria, Australia, transportation professionals and ecologists were surveyed regarding preferences for roadside landscape design. Roadside design and maintenance projects are typically influenced by different groups of transportation professionals at various stages in a linear project cycle. Landscape architects and design professionals have distinct preferences and priorities compared to other transportation professionals and trained ecologists. The case study reveals the need for collaboration throughout the stages of design, construction and maintenance in order to efficiently manage roadsides for multiple priorities.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Biology 2010
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"The Impact of Refugee Resettlement in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area: Groundwork for Assessment." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.49150.
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abstract: The United States resettles more refugees each year than any country, yet little is known about the influence that the Refugee Resettlement Program has on our communities. Program evaluation in the United States is primarily concerned with outcomes and efficiency; while there has been an absence of collecting data to measure the impact that social programs have on communities. This study explores the impact of refugee resettlement on a metropolitan area by surveying professionals with experience working or volunteering with refugee populations. These professionals rate the extent to which they believe refugee resettlement influences social, economic, and environmental variables in the community, and explain the nature of the influence they believe the program has on the community. The data collected from these surveys will introduce the perceived impact of refugee resettlement from the perspective of those with professional experience in the area. By exploring the effects that the Refugee Resettlement Program has on Phoenix, this data can assist in the creation of community assessments for refugee resettlement and comparable social programs.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Social Work 2018
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Gyan, C. A., and Charlie Shackleton. "Abundance and commercialization of Phoenix Reclinata in the King Williamstown area, South Africa." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006829.
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In the Eastern Cape of South Africa the fronds of the wild palm Phoenix reclinata are harvested by rural women and manufactured into hand brushes, which are sold in urban centres. This paper reports on the abundance of P. reclinata palms, the profile of the harvesters, and the economic returns from trading in palm brushes as a case study of locally driven non-timber forest product commercialization. The palm resource was in a reasonable state with most clumps being lightly (36%) or moderately (43%) harvested, with many others uncut due to physical or culturally defined refugia. Tall trees within a clump were uncut because the fronds were too high. The estimated production of fronds was less than 25 per cent of the local demand. Consequently, harvesters were seeking alternative areas and species. Mean gross monthly income was R475 (USD45) which was an important cash contribution. Net income was 75 per cent of this. Income earned per seller was influenced by factors such as age, education, hours in the trade, and whether any household member received an old-age pension from the State. Older and less educated sellers had been trading longer than younger or more educated vendors.
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Chou, Yi-Jan, and 周怡然. "Study on Flying Phoenix House in Miaoli Hakka Area Before the End of WWII." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61113842847422285694.
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碩士國立中央大學
客家社會文化研究所
96
Study on Flying Phoenix House in Miaoli Hakka Area Before the End of WWII Abstract This study has taken Miaoli as an example to discuss the spread and development of faith in Flying Phoenix House in Miaoli Hakka area during the Japanese colonial period. The effect of Hsinchu Flying Phoenix House on Miaoli Hakka area and the diversified development of Miaoli Flying Phoenix House will be discussed. The effect of Flying Phoenix House campaign on Miaoli Kuan Ti faith during the Japanese colonial period will be analyzed. Besides, the role of literati and gentlemen in the Flying Phoenix House and the change of faith in Flying Phoenix House under the change of society will be studied. Miaoli Flying Phoenix House is mainly distributed in the Hakka area. In the Flying Phoenix House giving up smoking campaign under the Japanese colonial period, it was the faith in Flying Phoenix House pervading in Hsinchu area. Through the scholars'' network, ethnicity, and geopolitics, it was spread rapidly in Miaoli Hakka area. Under the reciprocation of three major Flying Phoenix House systems, the Flying Phoenix Houses in Miaoli had gradually developed the own Flying Phoenix House system. It did not only reveal the regional distributing network, it also revealed diversified development under the change of soceity. With the second emigration of Hakka ethnicity during the Japanese colonial period, the faith of Flying Phoenix House had been spread outside. The faith of Flying Phoenix House has attracted the idea of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Through the idea of accumulation of merits to become god, the faith of Flying Phoenix House has created an imagined bureaucratic system of the supernatural country. Under the leadership of the scholars, the rule of Flying Phoenix House, Fu-Luan ceremony and the concept of respecting the culture were full of scholarly tint. Scholar and chairman were two different aspects of the scholarly level. The faith of Flying Phoenix House was spread through the human network of scholars. Scholars and gentlemen found the consolation of soul and their targets in the Flying Phoenix House. The development of faith of Flying Phoenix House showed the flexibility of folk religion and the soft reactionary of local elites under the influence of religion policy during the Japanese colonial period. Starting from the Colonized Tutelary God in Qing Dynasty to En Chu Kong in Japanese colonial period, new elements had been added to the Kuan Ti faith in Miaoli constantly. The Kuan Ti Temples from isolated distribution during the colonized period to network distribution in Hakka area during the Japanese colonial period, it reflects the diversification of Kuan Ti godhood and the vigor and elasticity of folk faith. There are four achievements in this study. First, through the regional study of Miaoli Flying Phoenix House, this article has discussed the spreading network and approaches of faith in Flying Phoenix House during the Japanese colonial period. In addition to building the system of Miaoli Flying Phoenix House, the development of Hsinchu Flying Phoenix House has been further understood. Second, this article has built the scholar network in Miaoli Hakka area and verified the characteristics of scholars of Flying Phoenix House forming the association. Third, through the case study, this article has analyzed the relationship between the faith in Flying Phoenix House, and families and local society. Fourth, through the discussion of developing process of Kuan Ti faith, this article has showed the influence of development of faith in Flying Phoenix House during the Japanese colonial period on the Miaoli Hakka area.
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"Potential Emergence of Dengue in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area: A Micro-climatic and Demographic Analysis." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.41274.
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abstract: The spread of dengue worldwide currently places half of the world’s population at risk. In the absence of a dengue vaccine, control of the disease requires control of the mosquito species that transmit the virus. The most important of these is. Advances in research detailing the responsiveness of Aedes aegypti to small changes in climate enable the production of more sophisticated remote sensing and surveillance techniques for monitoring these populations. Close monitoring of global dengue activity and outbreaks likewise enables a greater specificity when determining to which human populations the virus is most likely to spread. There have been no locally acquired cases in Arizona to date, but the high abundance of Aedes aegypti in the Phoenix Metropolitan area raises concern within the Arizona Department of Health Services over the potential transmission of dengue in the city. This study develops a model that combines mosquito abundance, micro-climatic and demographic information to delineate regions in Phoenix that are most support transmission of dengue. The first chapter focuses on the impact that daytime high and low temperatures have on Aedes aegypti’s ability to become infectious with dengue. It argues that NDVI (normal difference vegetative index) imaging of the Phoenix area can be used to plot areas where mosquitoes are most likely to become competent vectors. The second chapter focuses on the areas in the city where mosquitoes are most likely to be exposed to the virus. Based on proximity to Phoenix and the high volume of traffic across the Arizona-Mexico border, I treat the Mexican state of Sonora as the source of infection. I combine these two analyses, micro-climatic and demographic, to produce maps of Phoenix that show the locations with the highest likelihood of transmission overall.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Biology 2016
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Raghunundhun, Renuka. "Does the child support grant contribute to poverty alleviation? : an investigation into the perceptions of families receiving the child support grant in Phoenix, Durban." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4145.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of families receiving the Child Support Grant in Phoenix, Durban and to establish whether the Child Support Grant contributes to poverty alleviation or not. The investigation included establishing whether people who receive the child support grant are able to meet the needs of their child, to document the income, expenditure on households receiving the child support grant, to explore whether the recipients believe that the quality of their life has improved after receiving the Child Support Grant, to ascertain what would be their ideal social security support and to determine the grant holders opinions about the termination of the grant. Fifty Child Support Grant recipients were interviewed and a questionnaire consisting of fourteen questions were completed and analysed. The results of the study indicate that the Child Support Grant has contributed significantly towards poverty alleviation in the Phoenix community.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.
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Rakhimova, Nelya. "Social Resilience and Adaptation in Urban Areas of the United States Facing Financially Insecure Aging: Case Study of Phoenix Metropolitan Area." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30280.
Full textAbstract:
As the baby boomer generation reaches retirement age in the coming decades, American metropolitan areas face the serious problem of an increased demand for supportive services. This situation is complicated by the fact that many of the elderly will have limited financial resources, leading to a growing number of seniors struggling with poverty and financial insecurity. At the same time, federal funding for social services is shrinking, and local organizations will play a key role in supporting the low-income elderly in American metropolitan areas.
The concept of social resilience offers a useful starting point for understanding the mechanisms that hinder or enable local communities and individuals, in order to recognize and cope with the slow, continuous changes that these demographic changes present. A resilient metropolitan area is one in which markets, local political structures, communities, and individuals continually adapt to changing conditions. This research focuses on the adaptive resilience of the Phoenix metropolitan area through the ability of systems to support low-income seniors to age in place, independently, for as long as possible. Phoenix is an attractive retirement location, and the case study aims to understand if and how the metropolitan area is preparing for the impending demographic changes, viewed as a lasting disturbance. The research uses a descriptive quantitative approach based on triangulation of an online survey of local governments, expert interviews with representatives of local organizations working with the aging population, and document analysis.
The major findings for the research period from 2012 to 2014 show that local level actors of public and nonprofit sectors demonstrated involvement in the network of support for the aging population, where nonprofit actors are mainly dependent on the decisions and funding of the public sector and rely increasingly on volunteer support. The current study found that only a few of the participating actors from the public sector expressed clear recognition of the extent of financial insecurity among seniors. Research also revealed an understanding of poverty as predominantly focusing on the personal faults of members of society, which does not require any proactive action from the government. The existing network of services is targeted to reactive support services, which promotes individual resilience and responsibilization. Community services, which can provide prolonged independent aging in place, are less developed or in the early stages of development; operation of these services anticipates significant involvement of volunteers as well. Funding shortages challenge the ability of the public and nonprofit sectors to maintain the existing level of support services for a growing population, and actors need to compensate through local partnerships and innovations.
From a theoretical perspective, the research results show that adaptation to the growing number of aging people is emerging in the Phoenix metropolitan area, while financial insecurity is widely considered the personal responsibility of seniors. A reliance on public engagement also refers to individual resilience and can be seen as the next step of a responsibilization process in American society. Thus, the role of individual resilience is growing in American society compared to the role of social or community resilience. A balance should be found that recognizes the power of and limits to both individual and social resilience in creating a social realm that benefits all citizens.
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"High Occupancy Toll Lanes with a Refund Option: A Stated Preference Survey of the Phoenix-Metropolitan Area." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.30027.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Managed Lanes (MLs) have been increasingly advocated as a way to reduce congestion. This study provides an innovative new tolling strategy for MLs called the travel time refund (TTR). The TTR is an “insurance” that ensures the ML user will arrive to their destination within a specified travel time savings, at an additional fee to the toll. If the user fails to arrive to their destination, the user is refunded the toll amount.
To gauge interest in the TTR, a stated preference survey was developed and distributed throughout the Phoenix-metropolitan area. Over 2,200 responses were gathered with about 805 being completed. Exploratory data analysis of the data included a descriptive analysis regarding individual and household demographic variables, HOV usage and satisfaction levels, HOT usage and interests, and TTR interests. Cross-tabulation analysis is further conducted to examine trends and correlations between variables, if any.
Because most survey takers were in Arizona, the majority (53%) of respondents were unfamiliar with HOT lanes and their practices. This may have had an impact on the interest in the TTR, although it was not apparent when looking at the cross-tabulation between HOT knowledge and TTR interest. The concept of the HOT lane and “paying to travel” itself may have turned people away from the TTR option. Therefore, similar surveys implementing new HOT pricing strategies should be deployed where current HOT practices are already in existence. Moreover, introducing the TTR concept to current HOT users may also receive valuable feedback in its future deployment.
Further analysis will include the weighting of data to account for sample bias, an exploration of the stated preference scenarios to determine what factors were significant in peoples’ choices, and a predictive model of those choices based on demographic information.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Civil and Environmental Engineering 2015
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"The Effect of Floor to Area Ratio Parameter on Net Zero Commercial Buildings Located in Phoenix, Arizona." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.38583.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: The building sector is one of the main energy consumers within the USA. Energy demand by this sector continues to increase because new buildings are being constructed faster than older ones are retired. Increase in energy demand, in addition to a number of other factors such as the finite nature of fossil fuels, population growth, building impact on global climate change, and energy insecurity and independence has led to the increase in awareness towards conservation through the design of energy efficient buildings. Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB), a highly efficient building that produces as much renewable energy as it consumes annually, provides an effective solution to this global concern. The intent of this thesis is to investigate the relationship of an important factor that has a direct impact on NZEB: Floor / Area Ratio (FAR). Investigating this relationship will help to answer a very important question in establishing NZEB in hot-arid climates such as Phoenix, Arizona. The question this thesis presents is: “How big can a building be and still be Net Zero?” When does this concept start to flip and buildings become unable to generate the required renewable energy to achieve energy balance? The investigation process starts with the analysis of a local NZEB, DPR Construction Office, to evaluate the potential increase in building footprint and FAR with respect to the current annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI). Through the detailed analysis of the local NZEB, in addition to the knowledge gained through research, this thesis will offer an FAR calculator tool that can be used by design teams to help assess the net zero potential of their project. The tool analyzes a number of elements within the project such as total building footprint, available surface area for photovoltaic (PV) installation, outdoor circulation and landscape area, parking area and potential parking spots, potential building area in regards to FAR, number of floors based on the building footprint, FAR, required area for photovoltaic installation, photovoltaic system size, and annual energy production, in addition to the maximum potential FAR their project can reach and still be Net Zero.Dissertation/Thesis
FAR CALCULATOR TOOL
Masters Thesis Built Environment 2016
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"Determining the Veracity of 911 Homicide Calls in the Metro-Phoenix Area Using COPS Scale and Concordance." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57408.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Determining guilty parties in homicide cases is not always straight forward. The more tools investigators have to assist them, the better. 911 calls are often the least influenced form of linguistic evidence, in the sense that the caller has not yet been influenced by lawyers, law enforcement, etc.. This paper analyzes the reliability of using the Considering Offender Probability in Statements (COPS) scale and concordance program to evaluate veracity in 911 homicide calls. To do this, six 911 homicide calls from Mesa, Arizona were transcribed, evaluated based on the COPS scale, and put through a concordance program. The results showed high reliability with the COPS scale and varying reliability with the concordance program, with benefits and drawbacks to each. This study unveils the need for more research to be done on 911 calls.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Linguistics and Applied Linguistics 2020
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Chetty, Parvathie. "Gendered sexual vulnerabilities in the spread of HIV/AIDS : Clayfield (Phoenix) as case study." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5232.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation focuses on how important factors such as gender inequalities and gender vulnerabilities contribute to fuelling the spread of HIV/AIDS. The study focuses on a community in Phoenix, called Clayfield. The study examines aspects of masculinity, sexual relations, socio-economic vulnerabilities and domestic violence and demonstrates how these elements predispose women and girls to HIV infection. As a result of gender inequalities and imbalances, women are vulnerable to HIV infection. The study also explores how risky behaviour, by both men and women, can escalate women's vulnerability to the disease. The central argument engages discussion on crucial issues around gender imbalances and vulnerabilities. The study concludes with recommendations pertinent to challenging present gender-based initiatives and interventions, and suggests possible gender-sensitive strategies that could assist in curbing the spread of the disease.Thesis (LL.M.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2007.
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Raghunandan, Urmilla. "An investigation into factors relating to the reading habits of Indian secondary school pupils in the Phoenix area." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15849.
Full textAbstract:
This research is concerned with an investigation into the factors relating to
the reading habits of Indian secondary school pupils in the Phoenix area.
It is important to acknowledge that among our youth there are both avid and
reluctant readers during and after the period of formal education. It is the
group of reluctant readers that has to be lured by the magic of reading.
There is a remarkable variation in the reading habits of pupils from the
same school.
A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 544 boys and girls from
standards 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. The descriptive data available were then
analysed and interpreted.
The study revealed that the amount of time spent on reading and the number
of books read (which together determined reading habits) by pupils was
influenced by such factors as home, school, social environment, socioeconomic
status, the influence of other media and the personal aspectPsychology of Education
M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)
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"Athletic Surfaces’ Influence on the Thermal Environment: An Evaluation of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57303.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Exertional heat stroke continues to be one of the leading causes of illness and death in sport in the United States, with an athlete’s experienced microclimate varying by venue design and location. A limited number of studies have attempted to determine the relationship between observed wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and WBGT derived from regional weather station data. Moreover, only one study has quantified the relationship between regionally modeled and on-site measured WBGT over different athletic surfaces (natural grass, rubber track, and concrete tennis court). The current research expands on previous studies to examine how different athletic surfaces influence the thermal environment in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area using a combination of fieldwork, modeling, and statistical analysis. Meteorological data were collected from 0700–1900hr across 6 days in June and 5 days in August 2019 in Tempe, Arizona at various Sun Devil Athletics facilities. This research also explored the influence of surface temperatures on WBGT and the changes projected under a future warmer climate. Results indicate that based on American College of Sports Medicine guidelines practice would not be cancelled in June (WBGT≥32.3°C); however, in August, ~33% of practice time was lost across multiple surfaces. The second-tier recommendations (WBGT≥30.1°C) to limit intense exercise were reached an average of 7 hours each day for all surfaces in August. Further, WBGT was calculated using data from four Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) weather stations to provide regional WBGT values for comparison. The on-site (field/court) WBGT values were consistently higher than regional values and significantly different (p<0.05). Thus, using regionally-modeled WBGT data to guide activity or clothing modification for heat safety may lead to misclassification and unsafe conditions. Surface temperature measurements indicate a maximum temperature (170°F) occurring around solar noon, yet WBGT reached its highest level mid-afternoon and on the artificial turf surface (2–5PM). Climate projections show that WBGT values are expected to rise, further restricting the amount of practice and games than can take place outdoors during the afternoon. The findings from this study can be used to inform athletic trainers and coaches about the thermal environment through WBGT values on-field.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Geography 2020
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"The Long-term Impact of Land Use Land Cover Change on Urban Climate: Evidence from the Phoenix Metropolitan Area, Arizona." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.50506.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: This dissertation research studies long-term spatio-temporal patterns of surface urban heat island (SUHI) intensity, urban evapotranspiration (ET), and urban outdoor water use (OWU) using Phoenix metropolitan area (PMA), Arizona as the case study. This dissertation is composed of three chapters. The first chapter evaluates the SUHI intensity for PMA using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) product and a time-series trend analysis to discover areas that experienced significant changes of SUHI intensity between 2000 and 2017. The heating and cooling effects of different urban land use land cover (LULC) types was also examined using classified Landsat satellite images. The second chapter is focused on urban ET and the impacts of urban LULC change on ET. An empirical model of urban ET for PMA was built using flux tower data and MODIS land products using multivariate regression analysis. A time-series trend analysis was then performed to discover areas in PMA that experienced significant changes of ET between 2001 and 2015. The impact of urban LULC change on ET was examined using classified LULC maps. The third chapter models urban OWU in PMA using a surface energy balance model named METRIC (Mapping Evapotranspiration at high spatial Resolution with Internalized Calibration) and time-series Landsat Thematic Mapper 5 imagery for 2010. The relationship between urban LULC types and OWU was examined with the use of very high-resolution land cover classification data generated from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery and regression analysis. Socio-demographic variables were selected from census data at the census track level and analyzed against OWU to study their relationship using correlation analysis. This dissertation makes significant contributions and expands the knowledge of long-term urban climate dynamics for PMA and the influence of urban expansion and LULC change on regional climate. Research findings and results can be used to provide constructive suggestions to urban planners, decision-makers, and city managers to formulate new policies and regulations when planning new constructions for the purpose of sustainable development for a desert city.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Geography 2018
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"Continuity, Change, and Coming of Age: Redevelopment and Revitalization in Downtown Tempe, Arizona, 1960-2012." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25076.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Tempe political and business leaders implemented a series of strategies, composed of interconnected economic, political, and cultural factors that contributed to the city's growth over time. Influenced by a new economic opportunities and challenges, changing ideas about redevelopment and the role of suburbs, and Tempe's own growth issues after 1960, Tempe leaders and citizens formed a distinct vision for downtown redevelopment. Modified over time, the redevelopment strategy depended on effective planning and financing, public-private collaboration, citizen participation, and a revised perception of growth. After 1980, the strategy gained momentum enabling leaders to expand their ambitions for downtown. Redevelopment manifested through riverfront redevelopment, art and culture, and historic preservation redirecting the city's growth, creating economic development, and revitalizing downtown as Tempe began flourishing as a mature supersuburb. The strategy showed considerable economic success by 2012 and the completion of the Rio Salado Project, the Tempe Center for the Arts, and the preservation of the Hayden Flour Mill made downtown an attractive and diverse urban destination.Dissertation/Thesis
M.A. History 2014
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"Downtown Phoenix Rising: A Case Study of Two Organizations Building Social Capital for Urban Core Revitalization." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.9257.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: This dissertation examines the way in which social capital, or productive networks, can be used to support downtown renewal. This case study examines the way in which Phoenix Community Alliance (PCA) and Downtown Phoenix Partnership (DPP)--two, critical downtown-focused organizations ostensibly founded for civic improvement--use social capital to advance downtown urban development initiatives. This case study also explores how and the extent to which new social capital is generated by PCA and DPP through the processes of planning, designing, and implementing downtown development projects and the kinds of initiatives this social capital enables, whether and how the focus of downtown Phoenix development has shifted over time, the challenges facing contemporary downtown development and role PCA and DPP might play in addressing these issues, and recommended strategies for advancing future downtown development through social capital that evolves as downtown needs change. This dissertation contributes to the general understanding of how pivotal groups responsible for impacting downtown development and quality of life can become more effective in their roles by examining how they create networks pivotal to advancing urban downtown renewal. Research findings illuminate how community development groups can more effectively use networks to inspire downtown improvement. Findings emphasize the need to engage a broader downtown community, including both emerging and established organizations and those who desire to contribute to a diverse and exciting heart or city core.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Public Administration 2011
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Chen, Chang Tian, and 張天成. "Relationship between Motivation and Life-Satisfaction among Volunteer First-Aid Workers: the example of Phoenix Volunteers in Kaohsiung and Pintung Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j3h35x.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大仁科技大學
休閒事業管理研究所
102
This study aims to explore the relationship of ambulance volunteers to participate in life satisfaction and motivation, sighting the Kaohsiung-Pingtung area Phoenix volunteer example. The factors include the "motivation to participate" social relationships, life skills, self-identity, social services; The "life satisfaction" section includes interpersonal relationships, and life meaning, life confidence. The research methods and literature analysis, applied include a questionnaire survey conducted analysis. A total of 300 questionnaires handed out 268, were collected. There were 256 valid questionnaires total, the effective recovery rate was 85%. Windows statistical analysis software package SPSS12.0 was used including descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multivariate statistical methods such as regression analysis. The results showed that: 1. Phoenix volunteers are highly motivated to participate. 2. The Phoenix volunteers have a high degree of life satisfaction. 3. Age, marital status, occupation and other factors involved moving caused organizations to face significant diversity of results. 4. The Phoenix volunteers vary in professional background and in life satisfaction having significant variations in of each factor. 5. Motivation and life satisfaction were significantly related. 6. Regression analysis found that motivation (social relationships, life skills, self-identity, social services) have a significant impact on life satisfaction. Finally, the results of this paper can provide additional regarding city and county fire department, health care institutions and further exploration in order to enhance the human resource base and make up for manpower shortage area fire and ambulance, but also to enhance regional emergency ambulance helpful.
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"The Motivations and Challenges of Acquiring U.S. Citizenship For South Sudanese Refugees in the Greater Phoenix Area When Language is a Potential Barrier." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25012.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: South Sudanese refugees are among the most vulnerable immigrants to the U.S.. Many have spent years in refugee camps, experienced trauma, lost members of their families and have had minimal or no schooling or literacy prior to their arrival in the U.S. Although most South Sudanese aspire to become U.S. citizens, finally giving them a sense of belonging and participation in a land they can call their own, they constitute a group that faces great challenges in terms of their educational adaptation and English-language learning skills that would lead them to success on the U.S. citizenship examination. This dissertation reports findings from a qualitative research project involving case studies of South Sudanese students in a citizenship preparation program at a South Sudanese refugee community center in Phoenix, Arizona. It focuses on the links between the motivations of students seeking citizenship and the barriers they face in gaining it. Though the South Sudanese refugee students aspiring to become U.S. citizens face many of the same challenges as other immigrant groups, there are some factors that in combination make the participants in this study different from other groups. These include: long periods spent in refugee camps, advanced ages, war trauma, absence of intact families, no schooling or severe disruption from schooling, no first language literacy, and hybridized forms of second languages (e.g. Juba Arabic). This study reports on the motivations students have for seeking citizenship and the challenges they face in attaining it from the perspective of teachers working with those students, community leaders of the South Sudanese community, and particularly the students enrolled in the citizenship program.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. English 2014
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"A Study to Evaluate Urban Heat Mitigation Design Strategies to Improve Pedestrian’s Thermal Perception in Existing Canyons of Extreme Hot-Arid Cities. The Case of Phoenix, Arizona." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57298.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: The rapid rate of urbanization coupled with continued population growth and anthropogenic activities has resulted in a myriad of urban climate related impacts across different cities around the world. Hot-arid cities are more vulnerable to induced urban heat effects due to the intense solar radiation during most of the year, leading to increased ambient air temperature and outdoor/indoor discomfort in Phoenix, Arizona. With the fast growth of the capital city of Arizona, the automobile-dependent planning of the city contributed negatively to the outdoor thermal comfort and to the people's daily social lives. One of the biggest challenges for hot-arid cities is to mitigate against the induced urban heat increase and improve the outdoor thermal. The objective of this study is to propose a pragmatic and useful framework that would improve the outdoor thermal comfort, by being able to evaluate and select minimally invasive urban heat mitigation strategies that could be applied to the existing urban settings in the hot-arid area of Phoenix. The study started with an evaluation of existing microclimate conditions by means of multiple field observations cross a North-South oriented urban block of buildings within Arizona State University’s Downtown campus in Phoenix. The collected data was evaluated and analyzed for a better understanding of the different local climates within the study area, then used to evaluate and partially validate a computational fluid dynamics model, ENVI-Met. Furthermore, three mitigation strategies were analyzed to the Urban Canopy Layer (UCL) level, an increase in the fraction of permeable materials in the ground surface, adding different configurations of high/low Leaf Area Density (LAD) trees, and replacing the trees configurations with fabric shading. All the strategies were compared and analyzed to determine the most impactful and effective mitigation strategies. The evaluated strategies have shown a substantial cooling effect from the High LAD trees scenarios. Also, the fabric shading strategies have shown a higher cooling effect than the Low LAD trees. Integrating the trees scenarios with the fabric shading had close cooling effect results in the High LAD trees scenarios. Finally, how to integrate these successful strategies into practical situations was addressed.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Architecture 2020
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"The Relationship between Food Insecurity and Weight Status, Eating Behaviors, the Home Food Environment, Meal Planning and Preparation, and Perceived Stress in Parents Living in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.20805.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Objectives Through a cross-sectional observational study, this thesis evaluates the relationship between food insecurity and weight status, eating behaviors, the home food environment, meal planning and preparation, and perceived stress as it relates to predominantly Hispanic/Latino parents in Phoenix, Arizona. The purpose of this study was to address gaps in the literature by examining differences in "healthy" and "unhealthy" eating behaviors, foods available in the home, how time and low energy impact meal preparation, and the level of stress between food security groups. Methods Parents, 18 years or older, were recruited during two pre-scheduled health fairs, from English as a second language classes, or from the Women, Infants, and Children's clinic at a local community center, Golden Gate Community Center, in Phoenix, Arizona. An interview, electronic, or paper survey were offered in either Spanish or English to collect data on the variables described above. In addition to the survey, height and weight were collected for all participants to determine BMI and weight status. One hundred and sixty participants were recruited. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models, adjusting for weight status, education, race/ethnicity, income level, and years residing in the U.S., were used to assess the relationship between food security status and weight status, eating behaviors, the home food environment, meal planning and preparation, and perceived stress. Results Results concluded that food insecurity was more prevalent among parents reporting lower income levels compared to higher income levels (p=0.017). In adjusted models, higher perceived cost of fruits (p=0.004) and higher perceived level of stress (p=0.001) were associated with food insecurity. Given that the sample population was predominately women, a post-hoc analysis was completed on women only. In addition to the two significant results noted in the adjusted analyses, the women-only analysis revealed that food insecure mothers reported lower amounts of vegetables served with meals (p=0.019) and higher use of fast-food when tired or running late (p=0.043), compared to food secure mothers. Conclusion Additional studies are needed to further assess differences in stress levels between food insecure parents and food insecure parents, with special consideration for directionality and its relationship to weight status.Dissertation/Thesis
M.S. Nutrition 2014
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Rajpal, L. "An investigation into solid waste management practices in residential areas the case of the Phoenix township." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5054.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid population growth accompanied by urbanisation and industrialisation has
resulted in a dramatic increase in the volume of waste being generated by modem
societies. This has led to a growing awareness of the serious threats that these wastes
pose to the environment. Thus, it has been acknowledged that one of the many
environmental challenges confronting authorities in Metropolitan Durban is The
Management of Solid Wastes. A number of researchers have found that inadequate and
inefficient waste management practices are heavily impacting on the human and natural
environment.
Although formal townships are supposed to have adequate waste removal services, many
of these townships are characterized by wastes being disposed of in streets, open spaces,
streams etc. In the light of above, the aim of this study was to assess the Solid Waste
Management Practices in the Phoenix Township. Questionnaires relating to the problem
of Solid Waste Management Practices were administered to the residents of the Phoenix
community. The study identified factors that contributed to the detrimental impacts on
the physical and human environment.
The study revealed that the current waste management practices (which encompassed the
generation, storage, collection, disposal and waste reduction options) are characterized by
inefficiency. Furthermore, it was evident, that this inefficiency impacts negatively on the
physical and human environments, of which the major impacts are the illegal dumping in
the Phoenix area. Therefore, recommendations were made consulting both the residents
and local authorities with regards to combating or curbing the problems relating to Solid
Waste Management PracticesThesis (M.Sc.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2002.
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"Social Capital: Two Case Studies of Chinese Small Business in the Greater Phoenix and Los Angeles Areas." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53950.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: As immigrants in the United States, Chinese small business entrepreneurs often encountered social and cultural barriers in the areas of finance, language, and employment in their new environment. This dissertation investigated how they utilized social capital to surmount the embedded disadvantages of an unequal market in their adopted country. The findings presented in this qualitative descriptive multi-case analysis, conducted in the greater metropolitan regions of Phoenix and Los Angeles, demonstrated the importance of social and transnational ties created in the United States within the local Chinese community as well as their social connections brought from China.
Drawing upon the data from in-depth interviews and informal observations, this dissertation was guided by three research questions: (a) What barriers do immigrant small business owners encounter? (b) What social connections provide help for immigrant small business owners to overcome those barriers or intensify their disadvantaged situations? (c) How do social networks influence immigrant small business development? The findings revealed many provocative facts on how social capital stimulated Chinese immigrant small business owners.
The influence of local and strong ties especially provided essential start-up funds, an affordable labor force. Those ties also provided authentication for business information provided by weak ties. Although the governments’ Small Business Administration empowers small business by various programs because it is an important social and economic element in the U.S. market, the Chinese community rarely utilized this support.
Transnational connections played an important role in the relatively mature market found in Los Angeles, but indeed all respondents in both case studies exhibited great interest in utilizing transnational connections to explore business opportunities. Regional connections provided a powerful resource for Chinese small business to create business alliance and increase their market competitiveness. Social capital embeds in a complexity of political, economic, social and personal backgrounds. In summary, social capital was an essential resource for Chinese small business when they encountered the barriers in the local market. From the findings, this dissertation’s scholarly contribution adds to the field of social capital studies by combining the investigation of social capital, embeddedness, intersectionality and transnational connections in respect to study immigrant entrepreneurship.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2019