Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Phonétique et phonologie de la prosodie'
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Melhem, Michel. "Un problème de linguistique appliquée, la pédagogie de l'expression libre, formation syntaxique et phonologique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H060.
Full textThis thesis composed of three parts and two tomes. The firts one is theory part and corpus analysis. The second tome illustrate the corpus. This thesis speak about the pedagogy of free expression. Mr Villager Jean and Gauthier Michel applied this method in i. U. T. Paris 16eme for teaching stranger language. Free expression don’t teach grammar in the beginning, but the student ask about the necessary to communication. The originality of this thesis, because it is pedagogy, no didactic with a corpus
Ben, Otmane Mohammed Abdessamad. "Analyse phonologique et rythmique de la récitation coranique marocaine : école de Meknès." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H053.
Full textThis work is concerned with so much complicated field of study. According to my knowledge, no one before could raise questions about phonological study of the koranic recitation. Our work is presented in this way: in the first part, we have tried to introduce the theoretical framework, in which we talked about the general historical survey of the Koran, its revelation, its compilation, its structure, its different recitations, the definition of the science of (tadjwi:d). . . Etc. The second part deals with the phonological study of the koranic recitation. So we made an inventory of the consonantal and the vocalic systems as well as the definition of phonemes and their classification. This same part concerns also the analysis at the level of prosody: the syllabic, the gemination, the combinations of phonemes and demarcating signs. Our third part is devoted to rhythmical parameters such as rhyme, pause. . . Etc. The conclusion is a general view of what we have discussed in this work
Cangemi, Francesco. "Prosodic detail in Neapolitan Italian." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3059.
Full textRecent findings on phonetic detail have been taken as supporting exemplar-based approaches to prosody. Through four experiments on both production and perception of both melodic and temporal detail in Neapolitan Italian, we show that prosodic detail is not incompatible with abstractionist approaches either. Specifically, we suggest that the exploration of prosodic detail leads to a refined understanding of the relationships between the richly specified and continuous varying phonetic information on one side, and coarse phonologically structured contrasts on the other, thus offering in-sights on how pragmatic information is conveyed by prosody
Michelas, Amandine. "Caractérisation phonétique et phonologique du syntagme intermédiaire en français : de la production à la perception." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764624.
Full textMarchand, Aline. "Acquisition de la prosodie en L2 : une étude acoustique de l'accentuation en français par des adultes turcophones." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR080.
Full textThis transversal and experimental study conducted from a language acquisition perspective deals with the mastering of final (AF) and initial (AI) accents in L2 French by 19 multilingual L1 Turkish adult speakers (13 women and 6 men). Those speakers are between 18 and 47 years old, have lived for several months or years in France (Normandy) and their skills in French range from A1 to C1-‐C2 (CECRL). Given similarities and differences between these French final and initial accents and the Turkish primary (A1) and secondary (A2) accents regarding their locations, functions and acoustic features, the aim is to examine how these accents are executed in L2 French by Turkish speakers. A contrastive analysis of accentual systems of both languages suggests that, compared with L1 French, the Turkish speakers make more phonetic differences than phonological ones. The acoustic analysis (made thanks to Praat software) of the utterances produced during the out-‐loud reading of a controlled corpus confirms this main hypothesis. At the phonological level, the French AI and AF are correctly located, respectively at the beginning and the end of lexical words and Prosodic or Phonological Phrases (PP) with their demarcative function and relevant acoustic features (especially F0 and duration). Also, the AI is not reinterpreted as a Turkish non final A1. However, the speakers struggle with two big issues. On the one hand, at the phonological level, their problem consists in performing both French accents as group accents (PP vs Prosodic or Phonological Word/PW in Turkish). That’s why the speakers make several short PP instead of a few long PP. Secondly, the speakers whose French skills range from A1 to A2 produce also some AF on functional words, which do not exist in Turkish. Finally, many speakers make pauses after words, notably because of the selected task: PP are actually often Intonational Phrases (IP). On the other hand, at the phonetic level, speakers hardly achieve, in French language, the proportions of lengthening and F0 variations and some temporal alignments of the accentual peaks with regard to the accented syllables. Their overuse of accents and lengthening confirms other studies whereas these results do not confirm entirely the predictions of the stress deafness Hypothesis (Dupoux et al. 1997/2010). Indeed, the Turkish speakers are “deaf” to French group accents, but not to French accented syllables lengthening. These results confirm to a certain extent the predictions of the moderate version of the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (Brown 1987, Flege 1992): the similarity between final location of French AF at the level of the PP and Turkish A1 at the level of the PW generates difficulties. In particular, results confirm the predictions of the Markedness Difference Hypothesis (Eckman 1977/2008): Turkish A1 is more complex at the level of the lexical word than French AF. That’s why the Turkish speakers can hear French AF differences at this level. However, French AI and AF are more marked because their domain of realization is the group of words (PP): hence, the difficulties of the speakers to acquire this prosodic domain
Lebre-Peytard, Monique. ""L'écoute-analyse" des documents sonores et leur utilisation en classe de langue." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030039.
Full textThis thesis is to be taken as a contribution to the training of teachers of french as a foreign language. New procedures in the teaching process to improve a better understanding of sound recordings are discussed, as well as the methodology they imply and which we call "listening-in-analysis". The main concepts involved in the discussion are taken from linguistics applied to statements and pragmatics. The fundamentals to this kind of "pre-pédagogical approach", as presented in chapter I correspond to two directions in our analysis: 1- from vari- ous linguistic units of various linguistic levels, to analyse the co- herence of oral speeches with particular emphasis on the arguments un- derlying the speakers'explicit and implicit strategy. 2- to investiga- te the relationships existing between language productions and their environmental parameters. Chapter II presents an interprétation of oral speeches by investigating the part played by five oral speech altera- tions acting as aids to understanding: two prosodic features (pauses and stresses), two speech features ("hein", hesitations) and one syntax feature (segmented clauses). Chapter III analyses nine sound recordings: conversation, oral tales and radio recordings. Chapter IV introduces proposals for teaching aids. The teaching processes here involved imply what we have previously called "the listening-in-analysis"methodology; likewise, they take into account theories of the learning process which are directly relevant to cognitivism and socio-cognitivism. To elabora- te this set of teaching aids has implied the use of competence from various fields such as linguistics, sociology and psychology. There fore, this thesis should be considered the occasion of a reflection on the relationships existing between the theoretical background of research in human sciences and its use when dealing with the practical side of teaching a foreign language
Nguyen-Trong, Noe͏̈l. "L'identification des voyelles dans un espace de contrôle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10025.
Full textIn this work, we try to define a function through which one could "mechanically" reproduce the association between a vowel and a phoneme. The neural net of j. A. Anderson (1977) is used to classify a set of vowel spectra in order to examine the hypothesis according to which a distinctive feature can be considered as the eigenvector of a covariance matrix. A perception test shows that the dimensions of maximal variance in a vowel system, do not necessarily provide the most important part of the "information" , as it is usually admitted. We suggest that the identification of a vowel can be modelled by a dynamical system reaching a equilibrium point in a state space, in a connectionist approach
Sang, Yumei. "Questions de phonétique et phonologie du mongol." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC101.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the distribution of long vowels (VV) and their phonological status in non-initial syllables and vowel devoicing in Mongolian. Mongolian is a language with vowel quantity. According to Stuart and Holtod (1975), Svantesson et al. (2005) and Karlsson (2005), long vowels only appear in the initial position of the word and the VV sequences in the non-initial syllables are considered as short vowels. This study questions this point of view by considering the historical development of long vowels, and demonstrates that, synchronously, the phonetic vowel length alone is not sufficient to distinguish long vowels from short vowels. This study shows that the opposition between long and short vowels should also be based on the different phonological behaviours of the long and short vowels. Non-initial VV sequences are therefore phonologically long and long vowels have a free distribution. The analysis of vowel devoicing (VD) is based on the framework of the typology of VD (Chitoran and Marsico 2010). Two types of corpus are analysed: target-words (controlled speech) and read texts (continuous speech). This analysis shows that Mongolian is highly sensitive to VD. This study highlights the features of VD, the type and the degree of VD and the relevant parameters determining VD in Mongolian such as vowel quality, voiceless consonant environments, type and position of syllables and morphological structure of the words. It shows that on the one hand Mongolian shares the common features of the typology of VD but on the other hand displays its own characteristics of VD
Ridouane, Rachid. "Suites de Consonnes en Berbère : Phonétique et Phonologie." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00143619.
Full textLe chleuh est un dialecte berbère parlé au Sud et au Sud-Ouest du Maroc. Ce dialecte présente deux phénomènes très rares voire typologiquement uniques. Certains mots peuvent contenir uniquement des obstruantes sourdes (e.g. tsskRftstt " tu l'as séchée ") sans voyelle ou consonne sonore. Des phrases entières peuvent aussi être totalement sourdes (e.g. [tftWtstt tftktstt] " tu l'as roulée (et) tu l'as donnée "). Ce dialecte contient aussi différentes sortes de géminées : lexicales, issues d'une assimilation complète ou issues d'une concaténation de deux consonnes identiques. Les géminées tautomorphémiques sont attestées aussi bien en position intervocalique qu'initiale et finale absolues. Elles peuvent être précédées ou suivies d'une ou de plusieurs consonnes.
La thèse est composée de deux parties. La première partie est une analyse phonétique et phonologique des consonnes géminées. Entre autres objectifs de cette partie est de déterminer si l'opposition simple/géminée est une opposition de qualité ou de quantité ou des deux. Différents types d'analyses (acoustique, aérodynamique, fibroscopique, photoélectroglottographique et phonologique) ont été réunis. Ils montrent que la distinction entre les consonnes simples et les géminées est essentiellement une distinction de structure temporelle même pour les occlusives sourdes en position initiale absolue. Les autres corrélats moins fiables de cette opposition peuvent être considérés comme secondaires. La théorie syllabique doit donc permettre des distinctions de longueur qui ne reviennent pas uniquement à une jonction entre deux syllabes. La deuxième partie de cette thèse traite d'un phénomène devenu un des exemples les plus célèbres en phonologie depuis la publication des travaux de Dell et Elmedlaoui sur la structure syllabique en chleuh (1985, 1988, 2002). Le chleuh, selon la thèse initiée par ces deux auteurs et adoptée entre autres par Prince & Smolensky (1993), permet à toute consonne d'occuper le noyau de la syllabe, même une occlusive sourde. Cette analyse a été vivement débattue. Un seul point d'accord est sorti de ce débat : la connaissance des phénomènes à partir des transcriptions tranditionnelles est insuffisante et il faut avoir recours à des expériences phonétiques plus poussées pour résourde les problèmes. Ce sont les résultats de telles expériences que j'ai présentés dans ma thèse. La question à laquelle j'ai tenté de répondre à partir d'un ensemble d'analyses acoustiques, fibroscopiques, photoélectroglottographiques et phonologiques est la suivante : " En chleuh, schwa est-il un segment au niveau des représentations phonétiques ? " Un aspect de cette question est le suivant : si, comme le soutiennent Dell et Elmedlaoui, schwa est simplement un aspect de la réalisation d'une consonne voisine, et non un segment, on ne doit pas trouver de schwa, donc du voisement ou de geste vocalique, dans un mot composé de consonnes sourdes. On ne voit pas quel mécanisme phonétique introduirait du voisement dans un contexte dépourvu de segments [+voisé]. Si par contre ces mots contiennent des schwas on doit en déduire que les représentations phonétiques du chleuh comportent au moins quatre vocoïdes : les réalisations de /a, i, u/ et en plus un segment schwa apte à occuper le noyau de la syllabe. Les résultats montrent d'une manière claire qu'en berbère chleuh, il n'y a aucune trace d'une voyelle sous-jacente dans les mots composés entièrement d'obstruantes sourdes. Les traces trouvées principalement dans certaines réalisations d'un locuteur d'Agadir (sur 7 locuteurs) sont dues à l'influence de l'arabe sur le parler des locuteurs bilingues arabe-berbère. La théorie syllabique doit permettre des syllabes sans vocoïdes. Cette thèse présente aussi une contribution nouvelle à l'étude du comportement laryngé en appliquant pour la première fois les techniques de fibroscopie et de photoélectroglottographie à l'étude du berbère. Vu ses caractéristiques linguistiques, le berbère permet d'approfondir nos connaissances sur les mécanismes du contrôle laryngien et sur la nature des rapports temporels entre les gestes glottaux et supraglottaux. Les études précédentes se limitaient pour l'essentiel à l'étude des segments simples (principalement les occlusives aspirées) dans certaines langues germaniques, plus le japonais. Parmi les aspects analysés dans cette thèse, le mécanisme du contrôle de l'aspiration des occlusives simples et géminées, l'aspiration quelque peu atypique dans les groupes initiaux fricative-occlusive et la configuration glottale pendant la tenue des consonnes glottales, pharyngales et uvulaires (précédemment à peine étudiée). L'aspect de ce travail qui peut avoir des ramifications importantes est celui concernant les mots sourds. De telles données n'ont en effet jamais été étudiées auparavant. La modélisation des gestes laryngés pendant la tenue de ces formes entièrement dévoisées a été présentée fondamentalement en adoptant le modèle " cible-et-interpolation " (Pierrehumbert & Beckman, Keating). Les résultats montrent d'une manière quelque peu inattendue que la glotte ne reste pas simplement ouverte durant ces énoncés sourds, mais que l'aperture glottale est sans cesse modulée et peut être systématiquement mise en relation avec celle des segments individuels présents dans la suite sourde. On pourrait en effet s'attendre à ce que dans de tels énoncés, le geste " de dévoisement " soit considéré comme superflu par le locuteur et simplement éliminé. Or il n'en est rien. Ces résultats montrent d'une manière éclatante à quel point les gestes glottaux et les gestes supraglottaux sont liés.
Djongakodi, Yoto Joseph. "Phonologie segmentale et phonologie syllabique du tetela: une approche paramétrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212497.
Full textZeroual, Chakir. "Propos controverses sur la phonétique et la phonologie de l'arabe marocain." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA083806.
Full textSagart, Laurent. "Phonétique et phonologie d'un groupe de dialectes chinois : les dialectes Gan." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10006.
Full textChehabi, Lediascorn Soubhi. "Phonologie diachronique du français et du castillan : diphtongues et diphtongaisons : une approche déclarative." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3028.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the phonologic diachronic analysis of factors in play in the diphthongization of vowels in French and in Castilian in the frame of declarative phonology. The combinations among vowels, semivowels and semiconsonantals are the essential of our work. The axis of this thesis is the three position rythmic pattern (Angoujard, 1997) and construing of sonorous segments and elements (Kaye, Lowenstamm & Vergnaud, 1985). Each segment analysed has been described in the shape of constraints and integrated in a strict aproach by principles and parameters. The thesis consists in two clearly differenciated parts: in the first we introduce several general aspects and sometimes innovatives in the field of diachronic phonology and in the second we have applied it to the study of diphthongization
Demolin, Didier. "Le mangbetu: étude phonétique et phonologique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212946.
Full textEychenne, Julien. "Aspects de la phonologie du schwa dans le français contemporain : optimalité, visibilité prosodique, gradience." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20062.
Full textThis dissertation deals with aspects of the phonology of French schwa. The data has been gathered in Languedoc, Pays basque, Vendée and Alberta, and follows the methodology of the « Phonologie du français contemporain (PFC) : usages, variétés, et structure » project. Discussion is couched in Optimality Theory. The key proposal is that so-called « turbid » representations should be understood as conditions imposed on phonological structures by the phonetics. Consequences of this hypothesis are explored regarding the behaviour of schwa in Midi French. Another central proposal of this work is that schwa deletion/epenthesis should be treated as a gradient phenomenon. Last but not least, a new OT analysis of liaison and « h aspiré » is proposed, which departs from Tranel’s account
Laks, Bernard. "Problèmes de phonologie cognitive : la question de la constituance en phonologie métrique." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080855.
Full textWe propose a critical account of the currently proposed models for stress assignment. Having shown empirical and formal shortcomings of those, we propose an alternative autosegmental and rhythmic model. We show that our model can be given a connectionist interpretation. We then propose a complete cognitive and connectionist architecture that deal with mental representations, meaning construction, rules and processes
Munkyen, Okab Saan Lakin. "Etude contrastive phonético-phonologique entre le français et le ding (B 86) du Zai͏̈re : propositions pour la correction phonétique et graphique." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030088.
Full textThis work is a contrastive study of french and ding in a phonetico-phonological level. It starts with generalities on bilingualism, on the contribution of linguistics in language teaching (and mainly foreign languagues) and also on the linguistic problems in black africa in the field of linguistic politicies. The work consists essentially in a comparison of phonetic, phonologic and graphic elements of both languages aiming to make clear discrepancies capable to create interferences among ding speakers who are going to learn or have already learned french, as well as similarities from which we can drive teaching methods of french for ding speakers or methods of correction of interferences. The results have been confirmed at some extent by analysis of french errors made by ding pupils. Subsequently, by the end of this work, some correction techniques of the interferences on phonic and graphic levels have been elaborated, that is, techniques that we can apply to other zairean locutors under some precise conditions
Omnès, Robert. "Rapports entre les durées et entre les tensions des phonèmes et des structures syllabiques de l'espagnol péninsulaire : étude de phonétique et de phonologie synchroniques et diachroniques." Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES1004.
Full textPortes, Cristel. "Prosodie et économie du discours : Spécificité phonétique, écologie discursive et portée pragmatique de l'intonation d'implication." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00296742.
Full textKhatiwada, Rajesh. "Questions de phonologie et phonétique en népalais : la rétroflexion et la double corrélation de voisement et d'aspiration." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030008.
Full textOur thesis deals with the retroflexion and the voicing and aspiration contrasts in Nepali from a phonological and phonetic point of view. Using palatography and linguography, we showed that dentals are mainly produced as lamino-denti-alveolar, affricates as lamino-denti-alveolar and, at last, that retroflexes vary, being either cacuminal or retroflex.Various phonological models of coronal features were examined and compared in the light of our articulatory results in a Laboratory Phonology perspective. Referring mainly to the vertical movement of the tip of the tongue, we proposed the feature [retroflex], as a manner feature attached to the coronal node. The study of the voicing and aspiration contrast was first done at the acoustical level. The ACT model (Mikuteit & Reetz 2007) provides us for a useful tool to describe acoustically the four types of stops in Nepali, from a qualitative as well as a quantitative point of view. However, ACT (After Closure time) could not be used as a single parameter to distinguish them, while it was sufficient in Bengali. Finally, we performed a study of co-occurrence constraints between aspirated stops, based on the analysis of the online Nepali dictionary of R. L. Turner. We could extract the following generalisation: except in some roots including sequences such as /Tʰ…h/ (where Tʰ= any aspirated unvoiced stops), the aspirated stops are not found in affixes and combinations of roots and affixes contain maximally one aspirated stop
Lee, Tunan. "Phonétique et mélodies musicales du dialecte hakka de Neipu à Taiwan." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070036.
Full textNeipu, village of taiwan, is inhabited bu hallas whose origin dates back to ancient china. The hakkas' ballads of neipu are analyzed in the link which exists between the phonetics opf usual dialect and the melody of these folk songs on the one hand, and from a purely musical & literary point of view on the other hand. The analysis provides a theoretical scope for the ancient practice of song and for defining and preserving these ballads, that belong to and oral tradition, for future genrations. The vocabulary of the phonetic part and the scores for the musical part have been drawn up after research work in the field
Meynadier, Yohann. "Interaction entre prosodie et (co)articulation linguopalatale en français." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10001.
Full textLex, Gloria. "Le dialecte peul du Fouladou (Casamance-Sénégal) : étude phonétique et phonologique." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030159.
Full textThis phonetic study deals with the so-called glottalized consonants in fula. Seeing as theterm of glottalization is used throughout the phonetic linguistic literature with a wide range of meanings, physiological and acoustical analyses were conducted aimed at providing evidence for the phonetic nature of the consonants. It turned out that there is a series of voiced and voiceless implosive consonants, and it could be shown that they posses a number of characteristic traits which differenciate them from explosive consonants. The study of the vocalic and consonantal system of the fula dialect of fuladu shows there to be 10 vocalic and 27 consonantal phonemes. The consonantal system is organized into six correlations : a correlation of implosivity, a correlation of explosivity including a correlation of sonority and further the correlations of prenasality, nasality and fricativity. The vocalic system comprises two classes of place (front and back), three degrees of aperture and a correlation of quantity
Zerling, Jean-Pierre. "Aspects articulatoires de la labialite vocalique en francais. Contribution a la modelisation a partir de labiophotographies, labiofilms et films radiologiques. Etude statique, dynamique et contrastive." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR20028.
Full textPhilippson, Gérard. "Tons et accent dans les langues bantu d'Afrique orientale : étude comparative typologique et diachronique." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H011.
Full textThis work studies the very diverse prosodic systems of east African bantu languages, on the basis of non-linear (autosegmental and metrical) phonology. We find a one end purely tonal systems (like kikuyu) and at the other end systems with purely demarcative penultimate stress, with all intermediate cases. After presenting the basic principles of autosegmental and metrical phonology and referring to previous works on the subject in our study area, we move to a classification and then to a typology of tonal and accentual processes, the interaction between tone accent and syntactic domains, etc. Finally, tonal correspondences with common bantu are established and a hypothesis is presented according to which the emergence of penultimate accent is the main cause of the evolution of these systems
Bouaicha, Mouldi. "Le parler de Zarzis : étude descriptive d'un parler arabe du sud est tunisien." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H037.
Full textEssentially based on the works of A. Martinet and the major compobebts of the functionalist theory, the study deals, in five parts, with an Arab dialect in the south of Tunisia: the zarzis dialect. Xe first examine the linguistic situation in Tunisia so to identity, among many other regional varieties but also in relation to both classical and modern written Arabic, the dialect here dealt x with. We then present a relatively detailed description of the phonological system. The study of the zarzis dialect and the few necessary comparisons with other Arab varieties allowed us to perceive its originality. Hence, beyond the common aspects, some elements are specifical to this dialect. These innovations can be found in both phonology and morphology. In order to study and classify the forms, we preferred to get away from the classical descriptive models and tried to apply a much more flexible method that takes into account the complexity and the diversity of the linguistic forms
Facthum, Sainton Juliette. "Les langues créoles à base lexicale française de la Caraïbe : phonétique, phonologie et variation." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4096.
Full textThe present study aims at describing the phonological system of the Caribbean french-based creoles. The guadeloupean variety is at the foreground. The martinican variety is largely represented. The phonological oppositions are obtained through corpuses derived from both creoles. The creole language being geographically configurated for a high degree of variation (that is to say bein practised on two levels, the island and the archipelago), the free variation of phonemes emerges gradually from the description, making it possible to deal with the syntagmatic relationship between sound. The haitian variety as well as those of the same lexical affiliation spoken in the english-speaking islands are often referred to, confirming the phonetic rules common to the creole-speaking community, from one end of the caribbean archipelago to the other end. Thus, come to the surface, the phonological coherence of the system and a typology of the creole system variation of phonemes
SEN, HALIDUN. "Les changements phonetiques et phonologiques du turc standard contemporain de turquie (parler d'istanbul)." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA030002.
Full textPhonetic and phonological changes of standard turkish, in the limits of dynamic synchrony, are mainly the result of looseness of articolary strength. In the evolution of the spoken language we include between other phonetic phenomenals assimilations, dissimilations -except some of them- cancelling vowel harmony. In a well definite context differenciations are the cause of the loss of consonantal archiphonemes
Rjaibi, Najet. "Approches historique, phonologique et acoustique de la variabilité dialectale arabe." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA1019.
Full textLehka-Lemarchand, Iryna. "Accent de banlieue : approche phonétique et sociolinguistique de la prosodie des jeunes d'une banlieue rouennaise." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL617.
Full textNocaudie, Olivier. "Imitation et contrôle prosodique dans l'entraînement à la remédiation phonétique : évaluation, mesure et applications pour l'enseignant en langue étrangère." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20123/document.
Full textImitation is a widespread behavior amongst animals and humans, helping us do many things, including adapting to our cultural and social environment, communicating with and learning from others. In this work, we consider aspects of imitation in speech at a prosodic level; more specifically, we will focus on phonetic remediation using the Verbo Tonal Method (VTM). Phonetic practice in the classroom, per se, is an imitation game raising interesting open questions linked to L2 speech perception and production as well as L1 acoustic features reproducibility, i.e phonetic-prosodic control. Our first study deals with the teacher’s ability to control prosodic features; it questions the link between the perception of prosodic similarity using the AX and AXB paradigms, and measures of similarity using other metrics on a more objective level. Results are then cross-compared: they reveal a fair correlation between semi-automatic methods and perceptual tests. Our second study builds on previous results and further tests measurements of prosodic similarity obtained from rectilinear stylized f0 curves using a Turning Function. Applying this method to a corpus of lexicalized and delexicalized speech imitations helps us underline the benefits and flaws of the method. We propose to apply such evaluation techniques to train teacher’s phonetic control
Allati, Abdelaziz. "Phonétique et phonologie d'un parler amazigh du Nord-Est marocain (le parler des Aït Said)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX10009.
Full textPons, Julien. "L'articulation entre les conditionnements internes et externes en phonologie diachronique illustrée par l’évolution du phonétisme hispanique : traité de phonologie diachronique." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/thesepons.pdf.
Full textThe diachronic dialectology of Iberian Peninsula bringed us to reconceive the discredited theory of linguistic waves and, from that, the most part of concepts in effect in diachronic linguistics. The topics are as follows : Part I : Connections Between Internal and External Linguistics : Chapter 1 : grading and homogeneity of linguistic systems : the concept of first idiom and the denunciation of the concepts of substrata and adstrata ; Chapter 2 : the concept of endolinguistic mechanism ; Chapter 3 : the articulation between internal and external factors : causes of linguistic changes. Part II : Connections Between geopolitics and linguistics : Chapter 1 : the various kinds of epicentres and linguistic waves ; Chapter 2 : the definition of the languages in comparison with other languages, dialects and subdialects in the light of our theory of linguistic waves ; Chapter 3 : how to periodicize an idiom ? Part III : application : indo-european, latin, and especially spanish and portuguese
Dawson, Alain. "Variation phonologique et cohésion dialectale en picard : vers une théorie des correspondances dialectales." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20058.
Full textThrough the example of the Picard language I explore the phonological mechanisms which ensure dialectal cohesion within a language, in the framework of Optimality Theory and Correspondence Theory. The core part of my research deals with palatalization of velar stops, which induces a complex dialectal alternation in Picard. I first examine the extralinguistic factors of cohesion, then I propose an OT analysis based upon the hypothesis of generative dialectology: dialectal cohesion is due to the existence of common underlying forms. This approach, however, fails to explain certain cases of opacity. In the framework of Correspondence Theory, I propose a new type of correspondence between varieties in contact. Dialectal cohesion is grounded in both perception and production. I also test this approach in a surface-only phonology to solve another case of variation in Picard: vowel-zero alternation
Beltzung, Jean-Marc. "L'allongement compensatoire dans les représentations phonologiques : nature, contraintes et typologie." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030094.
Full textThis dissertation is about Compensatory Lengthening (henceforth CL) and it’s formal expression in the phonological representations. Compensatory lengthening is a widespread process accross languages wherin a segment lengthens to compensate the deletion or the migration of a nearby segment. The most represented case, that is the classical CL case, is triggered by the loss of a consonant in the syllable coda position and followed by the subsequent lengthening of the preceding vowel. While classical CL is relatively frequent, CL triggered by the loss of a consonant in the onset position is claimed to be inexistent. Nevertheless, chapter 2 provides some examples of various languages undergoing CL after an onset consonant deletion, what I call "exotic" CL cases. Chapter 3 states that moraic phonology fails to account for this kind of process while, obviously, the segmental theories of the prosodic tier make correct predictions. The chapter 4 is intended to give a short introduction to the Optimality Theory and chapter 5 examines several representations of compensatory lengthening in Optimality Theory framework. There, I shaw that an implementation of the moraic theory in a constraint-based framework faces several problems. Finally, the chapter 6 tries to solve these problems and introduces three optimality theory based accounts of compensatory lengthening. Among them, one deserves a particular attention since it assumes input moraicity revival (cf. Hyman 1985)
Piot, Olivier. "Vers une théorie unifiée de la prosodie du français et de l'anglais : des émotions à la phonologie." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030126.
Full textThe aim of this work is to build up a mathematical theory explaining how emotional attitudes (defined by a form given to the expression of an emotion) and intellectual attitudes (i. E. Planed non verbal communication) may be expressed by prosody. This theory is based on several pieces, each of them having been experimentally validated. We have been able to show that in french, the higher implementation of a pitch-accent allows to express a higher ignorance of the speaker in the interrogative case, and of the hearer in the assertive case. We propose the idea that some processes of sympathy are responsible for this later phenomenon. Moreover, the speech rate for a question, and the vocal intensity for an assertion, are showed to express the desire of the speaker to share a piece of information with the hearer. This can be explained by the evolution of the "activation" component of the theory, which decreases if the information is transmitted during the utterance (assertive case), but remains the same if it is not (interrogative case). Other pieces of meaning have been ascertained, such as the possible expression of the anticipated recognition (by the hearer) of the contents of an utterance by the anticipation of its contour's tonal targets, or else, of the anticipated assimilation of its information by a "downstepping" of the contour (i. E. A gradual lowering of its tonal peaks). This theory is used to explain results and models ranging from the expression of emotions to the phonology of intonational contours, basically in standard French and standard English, but also in some other languages
Panayotou, Anna. "La langue des inscriptions grecques de Macédoine (IVe s. A. C. -VIIe s. P. C. ) : phonétique, phonologie et morphologie." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21013.
Full textThis thesis aims to present a grammar of the Greek inscriptions of a region, Macedonia, nowadays divided between Greece, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. The main part of the study examines the phonology and suprasegmental problems of the reconstructed spoken language together with the morphology, morphosyntactic problems, composition and derivation. General conclusions are added. The grammar is preceded by an introduction dealing with:-general principles and methodological problems concerning the study and reconstruction of a language based on written sources. The adoption by Macedonians of the attic version of the koine as official written language that gradually took the place of the local Greek dialect even in everyday usage. - The historical context of the Macedonian inscriptions. -The ancient sources about the language of the Macedonians. - The views of modern scholars about the Macedonian language and the influence of the actual political problems. -the epigraphically activity concerning the Macedonian inscriptions. -problems concerning the script. Repertory of letter-forms from dated inscriptions in the period covered. The last section of the study includes a catalogue of the inscriptions used, grouped par region, preceded by references to the archaeological material found at each important site and followed by and index referring back to the pages where a discussion of each inscription may be found. The study ends with an index of the most important Greek forms
Benabbou, Mostafa. "Etude sociolinguistique des parlers de la région du centre nord et de la région orientale du Maroc : phonologie et phonétique du nombre et de la variété des registres langagiers (arabe dialectal régional et berbère)." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H036.
Full textWe have tried in our own way to see if the utilization of a sociolinguistic approach and its application in both Arab and Berber domains could be prolific or not. That’s why, we had to gather a corpus of 46 points of inquiries distributed in the north centre and the oriental region of morocco. Our thesis is divided to three major parts : the first part is devoted to a theoric study of sociolinguistic and dialectology : their appearance, schools and their evolutions. . . We have devoted a whole chapter to the Arabic dialectology in morocco. In the second part, we have carried out a phonologic and phonetic analysis of the vocalic and consonantic system of the regional Moroccan Arabic and Berber. We then have insisted on the inter and intra-dialectal variations and the contact between the Moroccan Arabic and Berber. With the help of the questionnaire we have worked out some linguistic maps which illustrate the phonetic and phonologic variations which exist from a region to another. In the third part, we have analyzed the whole of informants speeches according to same social parameters such as : age, sex, having got a school attendance or not. (240 variables had been treated). It has then become apparent that men and women, young and old informants, do not adopt the same language in their speech. Finally, we have presented an individual analysis of each informant (46 informants)
BONNOT, JEAN F. "Contribution a l'etude phonetique et phonologique de l'organisation temporelle de l'activite electromyographique labiale et velaire. Coarticulation et processus d'encodage moteur." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR20025.
Full textChodaková, Polina. "Analyse prosodique de musiques urbaines en français et en tchèque." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC292/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the rhythm, stress and intonation in rap and reggae music. It describes the form features of declamations which combine chant, halfsinging and singing, in the theoretical framework of contrastive prosody and verse theory. The thesis consists of seven chapters and is based on a textual corpus of 200 songs in French and Czech, assembled for this dissertation. The linguistic material of 59,000 syllabes is a representativeset of excerpts, transcribed in rhythmic grids with an auditive analysis.From the prosodic point of view, rap and reggae display an important degree of rhythmic reorganisation. In both languages, setting texts to music is performed according to an isochronous pattern, which is imposed on the lyrics with an isosyllabic rhythm and whose bound stress system is weak. It is shown through interactive constraints, which reflect universal tendencies in verbal art, that both genres exhibit a lot of freedom in the association of lyrics and the musical meter. Several linguistic categories manifest various types of mismatches. A form rearrangement (stress shifts, dynamic stress) follows from this rhythmisation, as well as from the syllable density of the metrical scheme and a rather high speaking rate. French rap has the most frequent use of poetic license through its practice of the Stress Promotion principle (accenting syllables falling on the beats). The syllabic level seems intact in the realisation of the imported rhythms, as several measures demonstrate that rap and reggae are closer to speech than to singing. A similar observation appears at the intonational level of rap, because its nuclear contour inventory makes it closely resemble speech. From the metrical point of view, a big part of the corpus is classified as chanted and half-sung liberated verse. The lineation is supported by intonation, which participates in a strophic grouping, according to the genres' model of American and Jamaican reggae. The lyrics are also interpretable as verse instances of the alliterative meter. Its rhythmical techniques (internal rhymes, syncopation, etc) establish a poetic grammar of rap and reggae and define the two stages of their evolution
Tato disertace se zabývá rytmem, přízvukováním a intonací v rapu a v reggae hudbě. Popisuje formální rysy jejich způsobů přednesu, které se váží na poetickou recitaci, zpěv a polozpěv, a které jsou podrobeny analýze v rámci srovnávací prozódie a teorie verše. Práce sestává ze sedmi kapitol a staví na základě textového korpusu sestaveného za jejím účelem, který obsahuje 200 písní v češtině a ve francouzštině. Tento jazykový materiál o cca 59 000 slabikách je reprezentativním souborem úryvků zaznamenaných do tzv. rytmických mřížek pomocí poslechové metody.Z prozodického hlediska rap a reggae vykazuje mnoho změn v rytmické organizaci oproti jiným druhům verbálního umění. V obou jazycích je zhudebnění textů dosaženo skrze izochronní rytmický vzor, který se prosazuje v textech rytmu izoslabičného, jejichž přízvukový systém je pevný a slabý. S odkazem na tzv. interaktivní omezení, která odrážejí univerzální tendence, se oba žánry jeví jako spíše tolerantní vzhledem k volnosti spojení textů a hudebního metra. Jednotlivé jazykové kategorie projevují různé druhy nesouladu mezi oběma složkami. Tento druh rytmizace má za následek nové formální uspořádání(posuny přízvuku, jeho silová realizace), na kterém se podílí také hustota slabik v rytmickém schématu či zvýšené tempo řeči. Největší volnost je sledována u francouzského rapu, pro nějž je typické automatické přidělení metrického přízvuku na hudebních dobách (tj. sekundární realizace silných pozic). I přes výrazný odklon od jazykové normy v přízvukové rovině je při přednesu nově zavedených rytmů plně zachována rovina slabičná. Slabikování přibližuje rap a reggae více řeči než zpěvu, stejně jako inventářnukleárních kontur přibližuje řeči rapovou intonaci.Z metrického hlediska je velká část korpusu zařazena jako skandované a polozpívané uvolněné verše. Intonační jednotky podtrhují frázování veršů, jejichž strofika je ovlivněna metrickou strukturou obou žánrových modelů (americký rap, jamajské, reggae). Texty je také možno považovat za aliterační verše. Jejich rytmické výrazové prostředky (vnitřní rýmy, synkopy aj.) se uplatňují jako poetická gramatika rapu a reggae a umožňují rozlišit dvě vývojové fáze obou žánrů
Réveilhac, Florian. "Contact linguistique et emprunts onomastiques entre grec et lycien : apports à la phonétique et à la morphologie." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL120.
Full textAncient Lycia, a polyglossian area located on the south-western coast of Asia Minor, was a place of contact, especially between Lycian and Greek. The Lycian language, which belongs to the Anatolian group of Indo-European languages, is documented in about two hundred inscriptions and on coins dating from the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. From the 3rd century onwards, Greek became predominant in the region, at least in writing, to the detriment of the local language. However, indigenous names persisted in Lycia until the first centuries A.D., as evidenced by the large number of Lycian personal names found in Greek inscriptions from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. This dissertation therefore studies the contact between Lycian and Greek, drawing on reciprocal name borrowings, with four main objectives. The first one is to collect all the Lycian names from sources in Lycian and in Greek, in order to give a complete repertoire. We then offer a phonological and phonetic description of Lycian, based on the identified name equivalences, while also addressing specific problems such as that of geminated consonants. The third objective is to examine the different formations used in Lycian personal names — one stem names, two stem names, shortened compounds, Satznamen, or unanalysable names — and the lexemes used. Lastly, we study the morphological processes of the borrowing of foreign names in Lycian, but most of all in Greek, where several suffixes are used
Rizzolo, Olivier. "Du leurre phonétique des voyelles moyennes en français et du divorce entre licenciement et licenciement pour gouverner." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2016.
Full textBahmad, Malika. "Étude phonologique et phonétique du parler Tamazight d'Azrou (parler de Aït M'guild, Maroc)." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN21022.
Full textT. A is the native speach of the tamazight population of azrou, wich is the chief town his consonantic system is constitutes from simpl and emphatic and tight consonants. In phonologic level, the emphatic articulation is a property of the segments t, d, s, z, r and of their tight correspondents. In phonetic level, all segments, except for q, and for the vowel a , are emphatic if the underlying representation contains an emphatic segment. The tight consonants are not long everytime, because the tight articulation isn't manifested only by the duration. The vowel system contains the fundamental vowels i,u,a wich are very sensible to the coarticulation. Their number is enriching by the phonetic element (a) wich is solicited in other to disjoint consonantic groupes. The semiconsonants know many treatments dependently of the fact that they are tight or not and initial or intervowl or final. The rules of phonologic syllabification allow any consonant to be the syllabic peack. The phonetic syllabification takes only vowels as syllabic peack
Pourin, Delphine. "Etude phonologique déclarative des semi-voyelles du français : aspects synchroniques et diachroniques." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3016.
Full textOsu, Sylvestre Nheanotnu. "Etude de quelques particules verbales dans la langue ikwere." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100141.
Full textThis thesis sets out to comprehend the working mechanism of five verbal particles among others, in ikwere language, namely, "n", "y-", "-gwu", "-lem" and "-ru", and to start up a systematic, rigorous study of phenomena related to the whole lot of verbal particles in ikwere the ultimate aim of proposing one day, a theory outlining the phenomena peculiar to verbal particles in this language as well as in some other languages. In effect, verbal particles in ikwere play a significant role in the formation of utterances. Their presence or absence can not only modify the meaning of a given utterance but also determine whether or not the utterance is correctly formed. Understanding the working mechanism of a given particle can therefore help to determine the particular role it plays in the process of constructing the meaning of an utterance. While this thesis is realized within the theoretical framework propounded by a. Culioli, it is arranged in two parts: firstly, each particle is examined in varied sets of sequences and contexts. This enables the author to establish its working mechanism, one that is then related to a basic language operation: location. This thesis comprises five chapters and each chapter is devoted to one verbal particle. Bibliography with abstracts; footnotes
Fernandez, Echevarria Maria-Luisa. "Contextes de liaison et FLE : productivité des positions /ʔ/, /t/, /n/ et /z/." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100058.
Full text1) Using speech corpora in FFL. We postulate a minimal syntactical informed unit in communicative interaction. On macro—syntactical level, this syntactical unit informs prominent syllables. Linear positions are then described in order to compare syllabification competitors. Operative syllabic template in learner’s interlanguage can then be modified by presentation of an alternative model. Deviant productions identified in corpora (intra—language) justify action—oriented learning by tutors and elaboration of rules to describe phonological relations between erratic syllabification and other syllabification models. 2) Resources. Corpora have been recorded according to the PFC protocol (Durand, Laks & lyche, 2002/2009). Inventory of << Liaison » contexts for reading and conversation have been compiled on l4 informants [level Bl/B2) tested in Madrid. In reading, liaisons have been classified according to the available PFC reading analyses over French speakers studies in linguistic variation. Conversational orthographic transcriptions were conducted by a transcriber of IFFC (Detey,et al. , 2010). This subproject deals with alignment, treatment and study of non-French speakers oral corpora. 3) Data processing and perspectives. Three notations (reading, conversation, prosody) classify productions to be analyzed. They are inspired in corpora L1 acquisition processing (Chevrot, Dugua & Fayol, 2008) where parasite consonants’, omissions and mistakes “in distance” are concerned. Prosodic criteria are put forward to rebuild syntax structures and to elaborate corrective exercices
Roux, Guillaume. "Prélinguistique et linguistique dans la période des premiers mots : approches historique, épistémologique et expérimentale." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829373.
Full textBlili, Leïla. "D’un orchestre vide à une mise en pratique orale des langues étrangères avec le karaoké : de nouvelles utilisations de la chanson populaire dans l’apprentissage dans l’enseignement." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11776.
Full textNesterenko, Irina. "Analyse formelle et implémentation phonétique de l'intonation du parler russe spontané en vue d'une application à la synthèse vocale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10108.
Full textRohr, Anne. "Erreurs morphologiques dans l'aphasie, déficit morphologique ? : une étude de cas." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20032.
Full textSome brain-damaged subjects with language impairment produce morphological errors. But, until now, no aphasic subject presenting with a "pure" morphological deficit had been described. Morphological errors co occur with other error types : semantic, syntactic or phonological errors. Our study lies within the theoretical framework of a functional architecture of lexical processing. We present an aphasic patient producing morphological errors, namely in tasks with writtenstimuli or written responses. In order to asses the existence of a morphological deficit, the patient was tested with a morphology phonology test battery in the following, tasks: oral reading, repetition, writing to dictation, horizontal vs. Vertical oral reading, picture naming, spelling and comprehension of verbal inflectionale morphology. We conclude that the morphological errors of the patient are the result of an impairment of the grapheme phoneme conversion mecanisme rather than the consequence of a morphological deficit. The major implication for the theoretical model is that the different routes for lexical processing are activated simultaneously